Unit 1 People of Achievement词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2026-2027学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“杰出人物”主题，构建“词汇-语法-语用”三维训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质的协同发展。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形|10题|词形转换填空|从形容词、动词等基础词拓展名词、副词等派生词汇| |核心单词|10题|词义匹配填空|围绕主题精选高频核心词，强化词汇认知| |单句语法填空|25题|语境语法应用|覆盖定语从句、时态、非谓语等语法点，注重基础语法在语境中的运用| |单词拼写|15题|汉译英填空|结合主题语境考查词汇拼写，巩固词汇记忆| |完成句子|10题|中英互译补全|聚焦固定搭配与句型应用，提升语言表达准确性| |语法填空|20题（2篇）|语篇语法填空|以杰出人物事迹为语篇载体，综合考查语法知识的语篇应用能力|

Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的→______________ n. 差别 2. novel n. (长篇)小说→______________ n. 小说家 3. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→______________ adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的 →______________ n. 承诺; 交托; 信奉 4. conclude v. 得出结论, 结束; 终止→______________ n. 结论; 推论 5. apparent adj. 显而易见的; 显然的; 表面上的→ ______________ adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然 6. science n. 科学→______________ n. 科学家→______________ adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 7. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→ ______________ adj. 学业的; 学术的 8. object n. 物体; 对象; 客体→______________ n. 目标; 目的　adj. 客观的 9. botany n. 植物学→______________ adj. 植物学的 10. politics n. 政治学→______________ n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客 核心单词 1. ______________　　　　 adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的 2. ______________ n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜 3. ______________ vt. 评价; 评估 4. ______________ vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 5. ______________ vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到n. 邂逅; 遭遇 6. ______________ vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 7. ______________ adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的 8. ______________ vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 9. ______________ vt. 推断; 推定 10. ______________ 　n. 条件; 环境; 状况 一、单句语法填空 1．The book, I bought yesterday, is already out of print. 2．The writer books are popular among teenagers is coming to our school. 3．The old library, many students used to study, will be torn down next year. 4． is often the case with beginners, he made several grammatical errors in his composition. 5．She married a young man, family owned a large estate in the countryside. 6．The new policy, is expected to reduce pollution, will take effect next month. 7．My grandfather often tells us stories about his youth, during he worked as a fisherman. 8．The famous scientist, lectures we attended last week, will visit our school again. 9．An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 10．My aunt， you met in the supermarket，has gone to London on business. 11．Water (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius under normal atmospheric pressure. 12．The old man touched the old photo (gentle), recalling the warm memories. 13．As the advertisement tells, the dried herb is (obtain) from all drugstores. 14．This company was (found) in 1990. 15．We must have the opportunities as well as potential risks (evaluate). 16．He has always been deeply (commit) to his work, never giving up even in the face of difficulties. 17．These flowers will (gradual) die if they don’t get enough water. 18． (consequence), our good intentions may not lead to good results. 19．As far as I’m concerned, it is vital (keep) accurate records. 20．Don’t jump to (conclude). Actually, she’s very shy. 21． (instant) Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the people applauded loudly. 22．He is widely (acknowledge) to be the best player in the world. 23．Like his father, Martin earned his living as a farmer, but he grew crops with (science) methods. 24． (remarkable), all of the passengers survived the crash. 25．Many people make a sharp (distinct) between right and wrong. 二、单词拼写 26．We should try our best to apply ________ (理论) to practice. 27．I have a very close friend named Donna who has a ________ (酷爱) for opera. 28．Tu Youyou is a ________ (坚定的) and patient scientist. 29．He had no ___________ (学术的) background so that he can’t meet the standards. 30．The committee will ________ (评估) all the proposals before selecting the best one. 31．The scientist made an ________ (非凡的) discovery that changed our understanding of the universe. 32．We, having seen many of his ideas become reality, can now appreciate his ________ (天资) in a way that no one then living could. 33．Artemisinin has become a  ________ (至关重要的) part of the treatment for malaria. 34．A good reporter strives to maintain an ________(客观的) viewpoint when covering controversial issues. 35．Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ________ (击败) two Russians.   36．It’s one of the most poisonous ________ (物质) known to man. 37．Shall I _________ (陪伴) you to the hospital? 38．I’m going to apply for a ________ (专利), but I’m not sure how to prepare the application. 39．I’ve read ________ (大量的) personal development books and this one by far has had the greatest impact on my life. 40．...as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, ________ (显然) unhurt, and dashed back to me. 三、完成句子 41．She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ________ destroyed its medical ________. 她得出结论，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。 42．He ________ ________ ________ ________ one of the world’s greatest architects. 他被公认为世界上最伟大的建筑师之一。 43．艺术家坚持创造自己独特的绘画风格。 The artist _________ _________ _________ her own unique style of painting. 44．上个月一位新总统上台掌权了。 It was last month that a new president ________ ________ ________. 45．屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。 Tu Youyou and her team members even _________ _________ testing the medicine on themselves to _________ _________ that it was safe. 46．He left a career in teaching to ________ ________ ________ ________ with the Arts Council. 他辞去教学工作到艺术委员会任职。 47．阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 Reading is of ________________ in language learning. 48．不可否认,越来越多的青少年沉迷于网络,这使他们的父母非常担心和焦虑。 ______________ more and more teenagers are addicted to the Internet, making their parents very worried and anxious. 49．我的家乡很小但很祥和，位于沙漠的边缘。 My hometown, a small but peaceful city, lies ________________ a desert. 50．到那家公司任职是我的梦想。 It’s my dream to ________________ in that company. 四、语法填空 （25-26高二下·宁夏吴忠·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, an outstanding man. He, born in Hangzhou, was admitted to the aeronautics department of the MIT (美国麻省理工学院航空系) in 1935. After 1 (graduate) with his PhD (博士学位), he was employed as 2 assistant researcher at University. Qian’s missile (导弹) designs laid the foundation for the missile development in the 1940s and 1950s, 3 (make) him a world-known rocketeer (火箭工程师). When he 4 (hear) of the exciting news of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Qian decided to return to homeland without hesitation to contribute 5 his own nation. Upon returning to China, Qian Xuesen was 6 (active) involved in research work. Under his 7 (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first missile in 1960. In 1965, Qian planned 8 (develop) the first artificial satellite included in the country’s key projects, 9 was finally launched into space in 1970. In 1999, Qian Xuesen 10 (award) the “Two Bombs and One Satellite Meritorious Medal” (两弹一星功勋奖章) by the government of PRC, and was considered as the “Father of China’s Missiles” for his significant contributions to China’s space industry. （25-26高二下·贵州毕节·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential theoretical 1 (physicist) of the 20th century, made 2 (remark) contributions to modern physics. He was best known for co-developing the Yang-Mills theory, which later became the foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang 3 (raise) in an academic family where his father inspired his early love for science. After 4 (receive) his bachelor’s degree and his master’s in China, he went to America, earning his Ph. D．from the University of Chicago in 1948. In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed the theory of parity non-conservation in weak interactions, 5 achievement that overturned traditional ideas in physics. The theory, later confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment, 6 (win) them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. It is believed 7 scientific curiosity and independent thinking are the soul of innovation. Yang motivated young scientists 8 (think) independently and hoped they could combine scientific research 9 cultural understanding. Having also made achievements in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics (凝聚态物理学), such as the Yang-Baxter equation (杨—巴克斯特方程) and the Wu-Yang monopole (吴—杨单极子), Yang returned to China after retiring in 1999. He passed away in Beijing in 2025 at the age of 103, leaving a 10 (dramatic) lasting scientific legacy. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 People of Achievement 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的→distinction n. 差别 2. novel n. (长篇)小说→novelist n. 小说家 3. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的 →commitment n. 承诺; 交托; 信奉 4. conclude v. 得出结论, 结束; 终止→conclusion n. 结论; 推论 5. apparent adj. 显而易见的; 显然的; 表面上的→ apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然 6. science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家→scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的 7. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→ academic adj. 学业的; 学术的 8. object n. 物体; 对象; 客体→objective n. 目标; 目的　adj. 客观的 9. botany n. 植物学→botanical adj. 植物学的 10. politics n. 政治学→politician n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客 核心单词 1. vital　　　　 adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的 2. defeat n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜 3. evaluate vt. 评价; 评估 4. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 5. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到n. 邂逅; 遭遇 6. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 7. extraordinary adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的 8. commit vt. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 9. infer vt. 推断; 推定 10. circumstance 　n. 条件; 环境; 状况 一、单句语法填空 1．The book, I bought yesterday, is already out of print. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：我昨天买的那本书已经绝版了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the book指物，从句中bought后缺少宾语，用关系代词which来引导。 2．The writer books are popular among teenagers is coming to our school. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：那位在青少年中很受欢迎的作家要来我们学校。“______ books are popular among teenagers”为限制性定语从句，先行词the writer指代人，空格后books和先行词存在所属关系，用关系代词whose引导‌。 3．The old library, many students used to study, will be torn down next year. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：那座许多学生过去常常在里面学习的旧图书馆，明年将会被拆除。空处引导非限制性定语从句，The old library是先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，用关系副词where引导。 4． is often the case with beginners, he made several grammatical errors in his composition. 【答案】As 【详解】句意：正如初学者常有的情况一样，他在作文中犯了几处语法错误。分析句子结构，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句的内容，表示“正如……的情况”，且位于句首，应用关系代词As，句首单词首字母需大写；as is often the case为固定搭配，意为“情况常常如此”。 5．She married a young man, family owned a large estate in the countryside. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：她嫁给了一个年轻人，他的家族在乡下拥有一大片地产。a young man为先行词，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作定语修饰family，表示所属关系“年轻人的家庭”，应用关系代词whose。 6．The new policy, is expected to reduce pollution, will take effect next month. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：这项新政策预计会减少污染，将于下月生效。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“The new policy”，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 7．My grandfather often tells us stories about his youth, during he worked as a fisherman. 【答案】which 【详解】 句意：我祖父经常给我们讲他年轻时的故事，在那段时间里他是一名渔夫。 during _ he worked as a fisherman为定语从句，先行词是his youth，作during的宾语，关系代词为which。 8．The famous scientist, lectures we attended last week, will visit our school again. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：那位著名的科学家，我们上周听了他的讲座，将再次访问我们学校。The famous scientist为先行词，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作定语修饰lectures，表示所属关系“这位科学家的讲座”，应用关系代词whose。 9．An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感源自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源于4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Go, or weiqi in Chinese”（围棋），指物。关系词在从句中作主语，且非限制性定语从句不能用that，用which。 10．My aunt， you met in the supermarket，has gone to London on business. 【答案】whom 【详解】 句意：你在超市遇见的我姑姑，已经去伦敦出差了。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “My aunt”，指人，且关系词在从句中作met的宾语，所以用whom。 11．Water (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius under normal atmospheric pressure. 【答案】boils 【详解】句意：标准大气压下，水在100摄氏度沸腾。表示客观真理用一般现在时。主语water为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 12．The old man touched the old photo (gentle), recalling the warm memories. 【答案】gently 【详解】句意：老人轻轻地抚摸着那张旧照片，回忆起温暖的往事。空格处作状语修饰动词“touched”，应用副词“gently”。 13．As the advertisement tells, the dried herb is (obtain) from all drugstores. 【答案】obtained 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：正如广告所说，这种干草药在所有药店都能买到。obtain“得到”和主语the dried herb之间是被动关系，本空用过去分词，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填obtained。 14．This company was (found) in 1990. 【答案】founded 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这家公司成立于1990年。根据时间状语“in 1990”可知，此处为一般过去时，this company和found为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词was，空处需填过去分词。故填founded。 15．We must have the opportunities as well as potential risks (evaluate). 【答案】evaluated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们必须对机会和潜在风险进行评估。此处为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，evaluate与the opportunities as well as potential risks构成被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填evaluated。 16．He has always been deeply (commit) to his work, never giving up even in the face of difficulties. 【答案】 committed 【详解】考查动词。句意：他一直对工作全身心投入，即使在困难面前也从未放弃。空格需要填入一个形容词或过去分词，构成 固定结构“be committed to…”。commit 的过去分词是 committed，这里作形容词，表示“忠诚的，投入的”。故填 committed。 17．These flowers will (gradual) die if they don’t get enough water. 【答案】gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：如果这些花得不到足够的水，它们将逐渐枯萎。空处修饰动词 die，应用副词 gradually 作状语。故填 gradually。 18． (consequence), our good intentions may not lead to good results. 【答案】Consequently 【详解】考查副词。句意：因此，我们的善意可能不会带来好的结果。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Consequently。 19．As far as I’m concerned, it is vital (keep) accurate records. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，保持准确的记录是至关重要的。it是形式主语，空处使用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to keep。 20．Don’t jump to (conclude). Actually, she’s very shy. 【答案】conclusions 【详解】考查名词。句意：不要急于下结论。实际上，她非常害羞。jump to conclusions意思是“贸然断定；急于下结论”，为固定短语。故填conclusions。 21． (instant) Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the people applauded loudly. 【答案】Instantly 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：女航天员王亚萍一出现在会上，人们就大声鼓掌。此处表示“一……就……”，使用instantly引导时间状语从句，首字母应大写。故填Instantly。 22．He is widely (acknowledge) to be the best player in the world. 【答案】acknowledged 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：他被公认为是世界上最好的球员。acknowledge和主语He之间是被动关系，故空处使用过去分词，和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填acknowledged。 23．Like his father, Martin earned his living as a farmer, but he grew crops with (science) methods. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：像他的父亲一样，马丁以务农为生，但他用科学的方法种植庄稼。空格处作定语，修饰空格后的名词methods，用形容词scientific。故填scientific。 24． (remarkable), all of the passengers survived the crash. 【答案】Remarkably 【详解】考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，所有乘客都在坠机中幸免于难。修饰后文句子应用副词remarkably，作状语，首字母大写。故填Remarkably。 25．Many people make a sharp (distinct) between right and wrong. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人对正确与错误有明显的区别。此处为名词作宾语，distinct的名词为distinction意为“区别”，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填distinction。 二、单词拼写 26．We should try our best to apply ________ (理论) to practice. 【答案】theory 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该尽最大的努力把理论应用于实践。此处的theory表抽象意义，不可数，故填theory。 27．I have a very close friend named Donna who has a ________ (酷爱) for opera. 【答案】passion 【详解】考查名词。句意：我有一个非常要好的朋友叫唐娜，她酷爱歌剧。a后接名词单数，have a passion for...是固定短语，意为“对……有强烈的爱好” ，所以填passion作宾语。故填passion。 28．Tu Youyou is a ________ (坚定的) and patient scientist. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦是一位坚定而有耐心的科学家。修饰名词scientist，用形容词形式。形容词“坚定的”英文为committed。故填committed。 29．He had no ___________ (学术的) background so that he can’t meet the standards. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他没有学术背景，所以无法达到标准。根据汉语提示“学术的”可知，空处用形容词academic，作定语，修饰名词background。故填academic。 30．The committee will ________ (评估) all the proposals before selecting the best one. 【答案】evaluate 【详解】考查动词。句意：委员会将在选择最佳提案前，对所有提案进行评估。中文“评估”对应的英文动词为evaluate，will后跟动词原形，构成一般将来时。故填evaluate。 31．The scientist made an ________ (非凡的) discovery that changed our understanding of the universe. 【答案】extraordinary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位科学家有了一个非凡的发现，这一发现改变了我们对宇宙的认知。根据汉语提示可知用形容词extraordinary，修饰名词discovery，作定语。故填extraordinary。 32．We, having seen many of his ideas become reality, can now appreciate his ________ (天资) in a way that no one then living could. 【答案】genius 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们已经看到他的许多想法变成了现实，现在我们能够以一种当时活着的人都无法做到的方式欣赏他的天资。“天资”作宾语，用名词genius，不可数名词。故填genius。 33．Artemisinin has become a  ________ (至关重要的) part of the treatment for malaria. 【答案】vital 【详解】考查形容词。句意：青蒿素已成为疟疾治疗中至关重要的一部分。根据汉语提示“至关重要的”，“vital”符合语境。它在句中作定语。故填vital。 34．A good reporter strives to maintain an ________(客观的) viewpoint when covering controversial issues. 【答案】objective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一名优秀的记者在报道有争议的问题时，努力保持客观的观点。根据汉语提示“客观的”可知，形容词“objective”符合。该词在句中作定语。故填objective。 35．Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ________ (击败) two Russians.   【答案】defeated 【详解】考查动词。句意：当道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手后，她便完成了成为奥运冠军所需要采取的一切行动。根据汉语提示可知用动词defeat，根据上文谓语did和needed可知为一般过去时。故填defeated。 36．It’s one of the most poisonous ________ (物质) known to man. 【答案】substances 【详解】考查名词。句意：它是人类已知的最毒的物质之一。根据汉语提示“物质”可知，此处应填名词substance。“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，所以空处应用substance的复数形式substances。故填substances。 37．Shall I _________ (陪伴) you to the hospital? 【答案】accompany 【详解】考查动词。句意：我陪你去医院好吗？“陪伴”常见英文表达为accompany。此句为一般疑问句，Shall是情态动词，情态动词后需接动词原形，所以这里填accompany。故填accompany。 38．I’m going to apply for a ________ (专利), but I’m not sure how to prepare the application. 【答案】patent 【详解】考查名词。句意：我打算申请一项专利，但我不确定如何准备申请材料。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词patent，表示“专利”，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式作介词for的宾语。故填patent。 39．I’ve read ________ (大量的) personal development books and this one by far has had the greatest impact on my life. 【答案】numerous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我读过大量的个人成长书籍，而这本是迄今为止对我的生活影响最大的。根据汉语提示“大量的”，结合后面修饰的名词“personal development books”（可数名词复数），对应的英文单词是形容词“numerous”符合语境。故填numerous。 40．...as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, ________ (显然) unhurt, and dashed back to me. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：……当我走近拖拉机时，他跳到路上，显然没有受伤，然后冲回到我身边。此处需要一个副词来修饰形容词unhurt，表示“显然地”意思，“apparently”符合语境。作状语。故填apparently。 三、完成句子 41．She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ________ destroyed its medical ________. 她得出结论，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。 【答案】 apparently properties 【详解】考查副词和名词。表示“显然”应用副词apparently，修饰动词destroyed；表示“价值”应用名词property，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填①apparently；②properties。 42．He ________ ________ ________ ________ one of the world’s greatest architects. 他被公认为世界上最伟大的建筑师之一。 【答案】 is widely acknowledged as 【详解】考查短语和时态。根据中文提示可知，表示“被公认为”应用be widely acknowledged as，为固定搭配，其中widely表“广泛地”，为副词，在本句中作状语。且时态可为一般现在时表客观情况，主语He为第三人称单数形式。故填is widely acknowledged as。 43．艺术家坚持创造自己独特的绘画风格。 The artist _________ _________ _________ her own unique style of painting. 【答案】 insisted on creating 【详解】考查时态和动名词。本句为一般过去时态，insist on为固定短语，表示“坚持”，后接动名词形式creating，故填①insisted②on③creating。 44．上个月一位新总统上台掌权了。 It was last month that a new president ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 came to power 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。设空处使用动词谓语，句子构成强调句结构，表示“掌权”是固定短语come to power，由last month可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时。故填came to power。 45．屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。 Tu Youyou and her team members even _________ _________ testing the medicine on themselves to _________ _________ that it was safe. 【答案】 insisted on make sure 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。对比中英文句意可知，①②空处需表示“坚持”之意，insist on“坚持”，动词短语，符合题意；根据后文was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填① insisted ② on；③④空处需表示“确保”之意，应为make sure，应用动词不定式的形式表示目的，空前为to，③ make ④ sure。故答案为① insisted ② on ③ make ④ sure。 46．He left a career in teaching to ________ ________ ________ ________ with the Arts Council. 他辞去教学工作到艺术委员会任职。 【答案】 take up a position 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意，用短语take up a position，表示“任职”之意。不定式to后接动词原形。根据句意，故填take up a position。 47．阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 Reading is of ________________ in language learning. 【答案】vital importance 【详解】考查固定短语。此处考查固定短语be of importance，相当于be important，“至关重要”使用形容词vital作定语，修饰名词importance，故填vital importance。 48．不可否认,越来越多的青少年沉迷于网络,这使他们的父母非常担心和焦虑。 ______________ more and more teenagers are addicted to the Internet, making their parents very worried and anxious. 【答案】There is no denying that 【详解】考查固定句型。不可否认为There is no denying that...为固定句型。故填There is no denying that。 49．我的家乡很小但很祥和，位于沙漠的边缘。 My hometown, a small but peaceful city, lies ________________ a desert. 【答案】on/at the edge of 【详解】考查介词短语。位于.....边缘为on/at the edge of...，作状语。故填on/at the edge of。 50．到那家公司任职是我的梦想。 It’s my dream to ________________ in that company. 【答案】take up a position 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“任职”，可用动词短语take up a position，且此处是it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，take应用原形。故填take up a position。 四、语法填空 （25-26高二下·宁夏吴忠·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, an outstanding man. He, born in Hangzhou, was admitted to the aeronautics department of the MIT (美国麻省理工学院航空系) in 1935. After 1 (graduate) with his PhD (博士学位), he was employed as 2 assistant researcher at University. Qian’s missile (导弹) designs laid the foundation for the missile development in the 1940s and 1950s, 3 (make) him a world-known rocketeer (火箭工程师). When he 4 (hear) of the exciting news of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Qian decided to return to homeland without hesitation to contribute 5 his own nation. Upon returning to China, Qian Xuesen was 6 (active) involved in research work. Under his 7 (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first missile in 1960. In 1965, Qian planned 8 (develop) the first artificial satellite included in the country’s key projects, 9 was finally launched into space in 1970. In 1999, Qian Xuesen 10 (award) the “Two Bombs and One Satellite Meritorious Medal” (两弹一星功勋奖章) by the government of PRC, and was considered as the “Father of China’s Missiles” for his significant contributions to China’s space industry. 【答案】 1．graduating 2．an 3．making 4．heard 5．to 6．actively 7．participation 8．to develop 9．which 10．was awarded 【导语】文章介绍了钱学森的求学经历、科研成就、以及他为中国导弹与航天事业作出的卓越贡献和获得的荣誉。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：博士毕业后，他受聘于一所大学担任助理研究员。介词After后需接graduate的动名词形式作宾语。 2．考查冠词。句意：博士毕业后，他受聘于一所大学担任助理研究员。assistant以元音音素开头，此处表泛指，用不定冠词an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：钱学森的导弹设计为二十世纪四五十年代的导弹发展奠定了基础，让他成为世界知名的火箭工程师。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。 4．考查时态。句意：1949年，当听到中华人民共和国成立这一振奋人心的消息时，钱学森毫不犹豫决定回国。时间为1949年，描述过去动作，用一般过去时。 5．考查介词。句意：1949年，当听到中华人民共和国成立这一振奋人心的消息时，钱学森毫不犹豫决定回国，为自己的国家做贡献。固定搭配contribute to表示“为……做贡献”。 6．考查副词。句意：一回到祖国，钱学森就积极投身科研工作。此处修饰形容词involved，需用副词actively作状语。 7．考查名词。句意：在他的参与和指导下，中国于1960年成功发射第一枚导弹。形容词性物主代词his后接名词形式，participation“参与”符合，不可数。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：1965年，钱学森规划研发列入国家重点项目的首颗人造卫星，这颗卫星最终于1970年发射升空。固定搭配plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”。 9．考查定语从句。句意：1965年，钱学森规划研发列入国家重点项目的首颗人造卫星，这颗卫星最终于1970年发射升空。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文the first artificial satellite，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which引导。 10．考查被动语态。句意：1999年，钱学森被中华人民共和国政府授予两弹一星功勋奖章，因其对中国航天事业的重大贡献，被称为中国导弹之父。主语与award之间为被动关系，结合时间1999用一般过去时的被动语态。 （25-26高二下·贵州毕节·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential theoretical 1 (physicist) of the 20th century, made 2 (remark) contributions to modern physics. He was best known for co-developing the Yang-Mills theory, which later became the foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics. Born in Hefei, China, in 1922, Yang 3 (raise) in an academic family where his father inspired his early love for science. After 4 (receive) his bachelor’s degree and his master’s in China, he went to America, earning his Ph. D．from the University of Chicago in 1948. In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed the theory of parity non-conservation in weak interactions, 5 achievement that overturned traditional ideas in physics. The theory, later confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment, 6 (win) them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. It is believed 7 scientific curiosity and independent thinking are the soul of innovation. Yang motivated young scientists 8 (think) independently and hoped they could combine scientific research 9 cultural understanding. Having also made achievements in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics (凝聚态物理学), such as the Yang-Baxter equation (杨—巴克斯特方程) and the Wu-Yang monopole (吴—杨单极子), Yang returned to China after retiring in 1999. He passed away in Beijing in 2025 at the age of 103, leaving a 10 (dramatic) lasting scientific legacy. 【答案】 1．physicists 2．remarkable 3．was raised 4．receiving 5．an 6．won 7．that 8．to think 9．with/and 10．dramatically 【导语】文章主要说明了二十世纪顶尖物理学家杨振宁出身书香门第，科研成果卓著，斩获诺奖。他倡导独立思考，深耕多领域，晚年归国，留下影响深远的科学财富。 1．考查名词复数。句意：杨振宁是二十世纪最具影响力的理论物理学家之一，为现代物理学做出了卓越贡献。“one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”。因此，此处应填physicist的复数形式physicists。 2．考查形容词。句意：杨振宁是二十世纪最具影响力的理论物理学家之一，为现代物理学做出了卓越贡献。此处用形容词remarkable修饰名词contributions，意为“非凡的”。 3．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：杨于1922年出生在中国合肥，他成长在一个书香门第，父亲从小就激发了他对科学的热爱。主语Yang与动词raise之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国获得学士学位和硕士学位后，他前往美国，并于1948年在芝加哥大学获得了博士学位。介词“After”后应接名词或动名词形式。动词“receive”与其逻辑主语“he”是主动关系，故应用其动名词形式receiving。 5．考查冠词。句意：1956年，杨振宁与李政道提出弱相互作用下宇称不守恒理论，这一成果颠覆了物理学的传统认知。achievement是可数名词单数，且在此处首次提及，表示泛指，其发音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。 6．考查动词时态。句意：这一理论后来通过吴健雄的实验得到了证实，从而使他们获得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖。主语是The theory，讲述的是过去发生的具体事件(1957年获奖)，故谓语动词应用一般过去时won。 7．考查主语从句。句意：人们认为，科学好奇心和独立思考是创新的核心所在。“It is believed that...”是一个固定句型，其中“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，连接词“that”只起连接作用，无实际词义，且不能省略。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：杨激励年轻科学家要独立思考，并希望他们能够将科学研究与文化理解相结合。短语motivate sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：杨激励年轻科学家要独立思考，并希望他们能够将科学研究与文化理解相结合。动词combine的固定搭配为“combine A with/and B (将A与B结合起来)”。 10．考查副词。句意：他于1025年在北京去世，享年103岁，留下了极其持久的科学遗产。此处修饰形容词lasting用副词dramatically，意为“显著地，极大地”。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $