Unit 4 Inventions 【暑假单元测试卷】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（深圳卷）

【暑假单元测试卷】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（深圳卷） Unit 4 Inventions (时间：70分钟　满分：75分) 一、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） Great inventions shape our world. Every time we use a car, a phone or a printer, we should thank the great inventors in history. Thomas Newcomen invented the first steam engine in 1712. At that time, people needed to dig coal from deep ground. His engine helped people work at great 1 underground. However, the first steam engine was not very 2 and wasted lots of energy. Years later, James Watt made great 3 to the steam engine. He changed its structure and added new parts. The improved engine became much stronger and could be 4 in trains, ships and factories. It even pushed the Industrial Revolution forward. Watt also invented the word “horsepower” to show how 5 an engine could be. Later, people named the unit of power “watt” to 6 him. Inventions never stop. From ancient movable type to modern digital printers, from simple wheels to fast flying cars, humans always keep 7 new things. Some inventions make our life more 8 ; some help us save time and energy; others let us know more about the world. We can’t live a comfortable life 9 these great inventions. As students, we should learn from inventors, keep thinking and be ready to 10 new ideas in the future. 1．A．heights B．depths C．speeds D．times 2．A．powerful B．weak C．cheap D．small 3．A．mistakes B．decisions C．improvements D．problems 4．A．used B．sold C．built D．kept 5．A．weak B．heavy C．strong D．slow 6．A．forget B．remember C．dislike D．refuse 7．A．invent B．inventing C．to invent D．invented 8．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．dangerous 9．A．with B．for C．without D．about 10．A．come up with B．give up C．take off D．turn down 二、阅读(40分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) A Future Inventors Science Fair Discover amazing inventions at our science fair! See robots with shiny solar panels on their backs—these special parts catch sunlight to provide power. Watch how they use sensors (传感器) to feel movements and shake hands! There are also some interesting activities at the fair. Let’s have a look! – Hands-on (亲身实践的) fun activities: · Learn to fix simple robot problems at Tech Help Area. · Download free 3-D designs to create your own toys. · Learn to invent useful tools for health care. Weekend special offers (this Saturday only): ·The first 50 children: Free 3-D-printed animal key chain (钥匙扣)! ·Visitors under 12:All activities cost half price! Meet young inventors: Lena, age 13, invented special hooks. “I came up with the idea to help my grandfather hold his coffee cup,” she says. “Remember: when you lend a hand to others, you might hit on success!” Plan your visit: · Opening times: 9 am–5 pm (25 November–5 December) · Place: City Science Centre, 25 Green Street For more information, please click here: www.futureinventorsfair.com. 11．What does the underlined phrase “solar panels” mean in the passage? A． B． C． D． 12．How do robots feel movements? A．By using special sensors. B．By shaking hands. C．By using solar power. D．By downloading 3-D designs. 13．What can visitors do at Tech Help Area? A．Buy artificial arms. B．Weigh robotic parts. C．Meet sick people. D．Learn to fix robot problems. 14．Who can get a free animal key chain at the fair? A．All teachers. B．Children under 12. C．The first 50 children. D．Health care workers. 15．Where might this passage come from? A．A storybook. B．A science website. C．A newspaper. D．A film magazine. B At the 15th National Games, a special helper slowly came into public view—a six-legged guide robot there to help blind people. It was not just a cold machine; it moved gently and worked carefully and wisely, just like a friend. During the Games, the robot became useful “eyes” for many visitors who have trouble seeing. It could understand spoken words and lead the way safely. In busy places like stadiums and parks, the robot moved smoothly. It “saw” things in the way, such as chairs or people walking by, and quickly found a safer path. This helped blind visitors move around more easily and feel less worried. What makes this robot special is its six legs. They help it walk well on different terrains—inside buildings, on grass, or on streets. Besides, it does not always need the internet to work. After the Games, the robot still helps people. Now it guides blind people in train stations, airports, and other public places. It can also tell users about traffic lights and help at home. Like Easton’s story of the helping hand, this robot shows how a good idea can become helpful. Unlike (不像) expensive medical equipment, it is made to be light, safe, and not costly—something ordinary families can actually consider buying. This way, more people can use it. The robot does not just help with walking—it gives more freedom, safety, and friendship to those who need it. In short, this six-legged guide robot was more than just a star at the National Games. It showed us a future of smart and friendly technology. This kind of technology is inexpensive and can become a part of everyday life. Now, by helping blind people in stations, airports, and even at home, it is truly making the world safer, and warmer. 16．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By describing a vivid scene. B．By asking some questions. C．By telling an interesting story. D．By giving enough examples. 17．How did the robot help blind visitors during the Games? A．It guided them. B．It comforted them. C．It talked to them. D．It found seats for them. 18．What does the underlined word “terrains” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Parts of buildings. B．Sizes of robots. C．Types of ground. D．Weather conditions. 19．Why does the writer mention Easton’s story of the helping hand? A．To show that building robots is very expensive. B．To explain how the robot’s legs were designed. C．To give an example of another helpful machine. D．To show how good ideas can help people in real life. 20．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A Smart but Expensive Robot B．Helping Hands at the Games C．The Story of a Six-Legged Robot D．A Six-legged Helper for the Blind C More and more car makers are introducing smart cars that can drive themselves. But as these cars take to the streets, we have to ask: Are auto-pilot (自动驾驶) cars a step into a better future, or are they a step we’re not ready to take? Not long ago, cars that drive themselves were just a dream. But now, with smart car makers like XPeng, Tesla and Xiaomi, that dream is closer to reality. Supporters of auto-pilot cars say that they can make our roads much safer and make it easier to travel. Most car accidents happen because people make mistakes or get sleepy, but the computers on cars don’t get tired. Many believe that self-driving cars can also help traffic move better and give people more time to do fun things while traveling. However, even car makers admit that self-driving technology is not perfect, especially with the busy streets, traffic lights, and all other different drivers it has to deal with. People worry about the decisions smart cars would make in uncommon situations. Some think it is easier for human drivers to forget the possible danger in driving. ________ Many drivers still remember the accident in 2021, where a human driver fell asleep behind the wheel and the auto pilot made a wrong decision. What’s more, they are nervous about the personal information these cars might collect. The discussion about self-driving cars is about technology, safety, and how we’ll live in the future. We’ll keep discussing if they’re good for us. Will self-driving cars become common, or will they remind us to be careful with new technology? We’ll see what the future holds. 21．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The history of auto-pilot cars. B．The advantages of auto-pilot cars. C．Auto-pilot cars are a dream for people. D．The possible danger of self-driving cars. 22．According to Paragraph 3, self-driving cars might ________. A．make bad decisions in difficult situations B．stop all kinds of car accidents from happening C．make driving fun and relaxing for most drivers D．keep our personal information safe 23．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．The technology is too expensive for most people. B．People believe in these cars too much sometimes. C．Auto-pilot technology makes drivers tired. D．Self-driving cars do not make many mistakes. 24．The underlined word “they” refers to “________”. A．human mistakes B．the discussions C．computers on cars D．self-driving cars 25．What’s the purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To tell us each coin has two sides. B．To give useful advice. C．To stop people from making mistakes. D．To tell us about new things. 第二节 信息还原 (共 5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 The word “inventor” may make people think of something difficult. But in fact, anyone can be an inventor! 26 Here is how you can bring your idea to life. Find a problem to solve. 27 Will it make a daily task easier? Will it help people in a new way? Knowing this will help you guide your design. Then, start thinking of ideas that can solve the problem. 28 After you know the problem, it’s time to go online to check if anything like your idea already exists. If you find the same product online, you need a new idea. If not, you are lucky! You may have a great new idea for your invention. Make a prototype (原型) to see how it works. A prototype is a model of your final product. You can start by drawing a picture of your idea. 29 This helps you see if your idea really works. Sometimes, you may make a few different prototypes before you get it right. This is not always an easy job, but it is very interesting. 30 A．Do research to see if your idea is new. B．Remember, every great invention starts with a simple idea and a lot of hard work. C．You can also share your idea with your friends to get more new ideas. D．Then, you can try to make a simple model with things around your house. E．If you have a new idea for a product, you can make it real. F．Think about what problem your invention will work out. 第三节 信息匹配 (共 5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 左栏是五位同学的烦恼，右栏是七项发明，请为每个人选择最合适的发明以解决烦恼。 31 Tom has too much homework and always forgets which subject to do first. Last week, he missed his maths homework and was criticized by his teacher. 32 Lucy forgot her science textbook three times last week. Her mother warned her that she would take away Lucy’s phone if she kept losing things. 33 Mike got badly sunburned on his face and neck during outdoor PE running practice. The pain kept him awake all night. 34 Sarah always feels sleepy in her afternoon Chinese class. Even pinching (掐) herself doesn’t help, so she misses half of the notes. 35 Ben carries six heavy textbooks, gym clothes, and a water bottle in his backpack every day. His shoulders ache terribly. A．Smart Alarm Bracelet (手镯): Detects sleepiness and vibrates gently, giving off a mint smell to keep users awake. B．Word Memory Headphones: Plays vocabulary words with vibrations to “boost memory”. C． AI Homework Planner: Scans homework books, creates to-do lists, and gives voice reminders. D．Auto Fish Feeder: Feeds fish automatically and monitors water temperature. E. Lightweight Backpack Straps: Reduces 30% of weight pressure using special design. F. Solar Cooling Patch: Stores sunlight energy and uses cool air and water to heal sunburns. G. E-textbook Card: A credit-card-sized device storing all textbooks. Allows listening and note-taking. 三、语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along a quiet street in Beijing, a yellow and black robot is busy 36 (run). It’s 37 delivery robot. It can get and send packages (包裹) from stores 38 people. As we know, more and more 39 (China) people like shopping online. We buy 40 (thing) on the Internet and then the packages will get to 41 (we) apartments in a short time. It is said that there 42 (be) about 100 million packages every day in China, and the number will be much 43 (large) soon. So there will not be enough people to send the packages. How to help people get their packages 44 (quick)? Liu Zhiyong made this kind of robot. He says his robots will be very important in the future. They will help send a lot of packages every day. Although they cannot deliver things to the door like a person, they will be improved. 45 some people disagree with Liu. They think too many robots will bring new problems to the environment. What do you think of the robots? 四、书面表达(本题15分) 46．假如你是李华，学校举办以“科技改变生活” (Technology changes our life) 为题的演讲比赛。请从下面四个现代机器人中选出三个，介绍一下它们的功能，并分享你的想法。 Technology Changes Our Life Modern Robots goods transport robot food service robot sweeping robot educational robot Functions deliver automatically and exactly 1. serve meals 2. return 1. control directions by itself 2. avoid things in front 1. answer questions 2. teach in new ways Your idea (s) … 注意： 1. 词数：80词左右 （短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Hello everyone. Today, I want to talk about how technology has changed our daily life. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【暑假单元测试卷】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（深圳卷） Unit 4 Inventions (时间：70分钟　满分：75分) 一、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） Great inventions shape our world. Every time we use a car, a phone or a printer, we should thank the great inventors in history. Thomas Newcomen invented the first steam engine in 1712. At that time, people needed to dig coal from deep ground. His engine helped people work at great 1 underground. However, the first steam engine was not very 2 and wasted lots of energy. Years later, James Watt made great 3 to the steam engine. He changed its structure and added new parts. The improved engine became much stronger and could be 4 in trains, ships and factories. It even pushed the Industrial Revolution forward. Watt also invented the word “horsepower” to show how 5 an engine could be. Later, people named the unit of power “watt” to 6 him. Inventions never stop. From ancient movable type to modern digital printers, from simple wheels to fast flying cars, humans always keep 7 new things. Some inventions make our life more 8 ; some help us save time and energy; others let us know more about the world. We can’t live a comfortable life 9 these great inventions. As students, we should learn from inventors, keep thinking and be ready to 10 new ideas in the future. 1．A．heights B．depths C．speeds D．times 2．A．powerful B．weak C．cheap D．small 3．A．mistakes B．decisions C．improvements D．problems 4．A．used B．sold C．built D．kept 5．A．weak B．heavy C．strong D．slow 6．A．forget B．remember C．dislike D．refuse 7．A．invent B．inventing C．to invent D．invented 8．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．dangerous 9．A．with B．for C．without D．about 10．A．come up with B．give up C．take off D．turn down 二、阅读(40分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) A Future Inventors Science Fair Discover amazing inventions at our science fair! See robots with shiny solar panels on their backs—these special parts catch sunlight to provide power. Watch how they use sensors (传感器) to feel movements and shake hands! There are also some interesting activities at the fair. Let’s have a look! – Hands-on (亲身实践的) fun activities: · Learn to fix simple robot problems at Tech Help Area. · Download free 3-D designs to create your own toys. · Learn to invent useful tools for health care. Weekend special offers (this Saturday only): ·The first 50 children: Free 3-D-printed animal key chain (钥匙扣)! ·Visitors under 12:All activities cost half price! Meet young inventors: Lena, age 13, invented special hooks. “I came up with the idea to help my grandfather hold his coffee cup,” she says. “Remember: when you lend a hand to others, you might hit on success!” Plan your visit: · Opening times: 9 am–5 pm (25 November–5 December) · Place: City Science Centre, 25 Green Street For more information, please click here: www.futureinventorsfair.com. 11．What does the underlined phrase “solar panels” mean in the passage? A． B． C． D． 12．How do robots feel movements? A．By using special sensors. B．By shaking hands. C．By using solar power. D．By downloading 3-D designs. 13．What can visitors do at Tech Help Area? A．Buy artificial arms. B．Weigh robotic parts. C．Meet sick people. D．Learn to fix robot problems. 14．Who can get a free animal key chain at the fair? A．All teachers. B．Children under 12. C．The first 50 children. D．Health care workers. 15．Where might this passage come from? A．A storybook. B．A science website. C．A newspaper. D．A film magazine. B At the 15th National Games, a special helper slowly came into public view—a six-legged guide robot there to help blind people. It was not just a cold machine; it moved gently and worked carefully and wisely, just like a friend. During the Games, the robot became useful “eyes” for many visitors who have trouble seeing. It could understand spoken words and lead the way safely. In busy places like stadiums and parks, the robot moved smoothly. It “saw” things in the way, such as chairs or people walking by, and quickly found a safer path. This helped blind visitors move around more easily and feel less worried. What makes this robot special is its six legs. They help it walk well on different terrains—inside buildings, on grass, or on streets. Besides, it does not always need the internet to work. After the Games, the robot still helps people. Now it guides blind people in train stations, airports, and other public places. It can also tell users about traffic lights and help at home. Like Easton’s story of the helping hand, this robot shows how a good idea can become helpful. Unlike (不像) expensive medical equipment, it is made to be light, safe, and not costly—something ordinary families can actually consider buying. This way, more people can use it. The robot does not just help with walking—it gives more freedom, safety, and friendship to those who need it. In short, this six-legged guide robot was more than just a star at the National Games. It showed us a future of smart and friendly technology. This kind of technology is inexpensive and can become a part of everyday life. Now, by helping blind people in stations, airports, and even at home, it is truly making the world safer, and warmer. 16．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By describing a vivid scene. B．By asking some questions. C．By telling an interesting story. D．By giving enough examples. 17．How did the robot help blind visitors during the Games? A．It guided them. B．It comforted them. C．It talked to them. D．It found seats for them. 18．What does the underlined word “terrains” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Parts of buildings. B．Sizes of robots. C．Types of ground. D．Weather conditions. 19．Why does the writer mention Easton’s story of the helping hand? A．To show that building robots is very expensive. B．To explain how the robot’s legs were designed. C．To give an example of another helpful machine. D．To show how good ideas can help people in real life. 20．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A Smart but Expensive Robot B．Helping Hands at the Games C．The Story of a Six-Legged Robot D．A Six-legged Helper for the Blind C More and more car makers are introducing smart cars that can drive themselves. But as these cars take to the streets, we have to ask: Are auto-pilot (自动驾驶) cars a step into a better future, or are they a step we’re not ready to take? Not long ago, cars that drive themselves were just a dream. But now, with smart car makers like XPeng, Tesla and Xiaomi, that dream is closer to reality. Supporters of auto-pilot cars say that they can make our roads much safer and make it easier to travel. Most car accidents happen because people make mistakes or get sleepy, but the computers on cars don’t get tired. Many believe that self-driving cars can also help traffic move better and give people more time to do fun things while traveling. However, even car makers admit that self-driving technology is not perfect, especially with the busy streets, traffic lights, and all other different drivers it has to deal with. People worry about the decisions smart cars would make in uncommon situations. Some think it is easier for human drivers to forget the possible danger in driving. ________ Many drivers still remember the accident in 2021, where a human driver fell asleep behind the wheel and the auto pilot made a wrong decision. What’s more, they are nervous about the personal information these cars might collect. The discussion about self-driving cars is about technology, safety, and how we’ll live in the future. We’ll keep discussing if they’re good for us. Will self-driving cars become common, or will they remind us to be careful with new technology? We’ll see what the future holds. 21．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The history of auto-pilot cars. B．The advantages of auto-pilot cars. C．Auto-pilot cars are a dream for people. D．The possible danger of self-driving cars. 22．According to Paragraph 3, self-driving cars might ________. A．make bad decisions in difficult situations B．stop all kinds of car accidents from happening C．make driving fun and relaxing for most drivers D．keep our personal information safe 23．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．The technology is too expensive for most people. B．People believe in these cars too much sometimes. C．Auto-pilot technology makes drivers tired. D．Self-driving cars do not make many mistakes. 24．The underlined word “they” refers to “________”. A．human mistakes B．the discussions C．computers on cars D．self-driving cars 25．What’s the purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To tell us each coin has two sides. B．To give useful advice. C．To stop people from making mistakes. D．To tell us about new things. 第二节 信息还原 (共 5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 The word “inventor” may make people think of something difficult. But in fact, anyone can be an inventor! 26 Here is how you can bring your idea to life. Find a problem to solve. 27 Will it make a daily task easier? Will it help people in a new way? Knowing this will help you guide your design. Then, start thinking of ideas that can solve the problem. 28 After you know the problem, it’s time to go online to check if anything like your idea already exists. If you find the same product online, you need a new idea. If not, you are lucky! You may have a great new idea for your invention. Make a prototype (原型) to see how it works. A prototype is a model of your final product. You can start by drawing a picture of your idea. 29 This helps you see if your idea really works. Sometimes, you may make a few different prototypes before you get it right. This is not always an easy job, but it is very interesting. 30 A．Do research to see if your idea is new. B．Remember, every great invention starts with a simple idea and a lot of hard work. C．You can also share your idea with your friends to get more new ideas. D．Then, you can try to make a simple model with things around your house. E．If you have a new idea for a product, you can make it real. F．Think about what problem your invention will work out. 第三节 信息匹配 (共 5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 左栏是五位同学的烦恼，右栏是七项发明，请为每个人选择最合适的发明以解决烦恼。 31 Tom has too much homework and always forgets which subject to do first. Last week, he missed his maths homework and was criticized by his teacher. 32 Lucy forgot her science textbook three times last week. Her mother warned her that she would take away Lucy’s phone if she kept losing things. 33 Mike got badly sunburned on his face and neck during outdoor PE running practice. The pain kept him awake all night. 34 Sarah always feels sleepy in her afternoon Chinese class. Even pinching (掐) herself doesn’t help, so she misses half of the notes. 35 Ben carries six heavy textbooks, gym clothes, and a water bottle in his backpack every day. His shoulders ache terribly. A．Smart Alarm Bracelet (手镯): Detects sleepiness and vibrates gently, giving off a mint smell to keep users awake. B．Word Memory Headphones: Plays vocabulary words with vibrations to “boost memory”. C． AI Homework Planner: Scans homework books, creates to-do lists, and gives voice reminders. D．Auto Fish Feeder: Feeds fish automatically and monitors water temperature. E. Lightweight Backpack Straps: Reduces 30% of weight pressure using special design. F. Solar Cooling Patch: Stores sunlight energy and uses cool air and water to heal sunburns. G. E-textbook Card: A credit-card-sized device storing all textbooks. Allows listening and note-taking. 三、语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along a quiet street in Beijing, a yellow and black robot is busy 36 (run). It’s 37 delivery robot. It can get and send packages (包裹) from stores 38 people. As we know, more and more 39 (China) people like shopping online. We buy 40 (thing) on the Internet and then the packages will get to 41 (we) apartments in a short time. It is said that there 42 (be) about 100 million packages every day in China, and the number will be much 43 (large) soon. So there will not be enough people to send the packages. How to help people get their packages 44 (quick)? Liu Zhiyong made this kind of robot. He says his robots will be very important in the future. They will help send a lot of packages every day. Although they cannot deliver things to the door like a person, they will be improved. 45 some people disagree with Liu. They think too many robots will bring new problems to the environment. What do you think of the robots? 四、书面表达(本题15分) 46．假如你是李华，学校举办以“科技改变生活” (Technology changes our life) 为题的演讲比赛。请从下面四个现代机器人中选出三个，介绍一下它们的功能，并分享你的想法。 Technology Changes Our Life Modern Robots goods transport robot food service robot sweeping robot educational robot Functions deliver automatically and exactly 1. serve meals 2. return 1. control directions by itself 2. avoid things in front 1. answer questions 2. teach in new ways Your idea (s) … 注意： 1. 词数：80词左右 （短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Hello everyone. Today, I want to talk about how technology has changed our daily life. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening！ 参考答案 一、 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍伟大发明对世界的影响，重点讲述蒸汽机的发明与改进，说明发明改变生活，旨在鼓励学生勇于创新。 【详解】1．句意：他的引擎帮助人们在地下深处工作。 根据前文“dig coal from deep ground”可知，是在地下深处工作，depths“深度”符合语境。heights“高度”；speeds“速度”；times“次数”与地下挖掘语境不符。 2．句意：然而，第一台蒸汽机不是很强大且浪费能源。 根据“wasted lots of energy”及后文Watt改进后引擎“stronger”可知，最初的引擎不够强大powerful。weak“弱的”；cheap“便宜的”；small“小的”与语境矛盾。 3．句意：詹姆斯·瓦特对蒸汽机做了重大改进。 根据“changed its structure and added new parts”可知，这是对引擎的优化改进，improvements“改进”符合语境。mistakes“错误”；decisions“决定”；problems“问题”不符合瓦特贡献的事实。 4．句意：改进后的引擎可以被用在火车、轮船和工厂里。 根据语境，引擎是在交通工具和工厂中被投入使用，used“使用”符合语境。sold“卖”；built“建造”；built“保持”不符合引擎功能的描述。 5．句意：瓦特发明“马力”一词来显示引擎有多强大。 根据“horsepower”及前文提到引擎变得“stronger”可知，此处指引擎的力量强弱，strong形容动力强弱。weak“弱的”；heavy“重的”；slow“慢的”与马力定义无关。 6．句意：后来人们命名功率单位“瓦特”来纪念他。 以发明者名字命名单位是为了纪念其贡献，remember“纪念”符合语境。forget“忘记”；dislike“不喜欢”；refuse“拒绝”情感色彩不符。 7．句意：从古活字印刷术到现代数码打印机，从简易车轮到高速飞行汽车，人类一直保持发明新事物。 固定搭配keep doing sth.表示“一直做某事”，需用动名词形式inventing。invent/to invent/invented形式错误。 8．句意：一些发明使我们的生活更方便；有些发明帮我们节省时间与精力；另一些则让我们更了解这个世界。 根据发明带来的积极影响(save time and energy)可知，生活变得更便利convenient。difficult“困难的”；boring“无聊的”；dangerous“危险的”均为消极词汇。 9．句意：没有这些伟大发明，我们无法过上舒适的生活。 can’t…without 构成双重否定，意为“离不开”，符合逻辑。with“有”；for“为了”；about“关于”均语义不符。 10．句意：作为学生，我们要向发明家学习，勤于思考，将来准备好想出新创意。 come up with ideas为固定搭配，意为“想出主意”，符合学生创新语境。give up“放弃”；take off“起飞/脱下”；turn down“拒绝/调低”含义不符。 二、 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一则 “未来发明家科学展”活动宣传，介绍展会展品机器人、多样实践活动、周六专属优惠、少年发明家故事，同时给出开展时间、地点与查询网址，邀请大家前来参观体验。 【详解】11．根据第一段第二句“See robots with shiny solar panels on their backs—these special parts catch sunlight to provide power.”，these special parts指代solar panels，其特点是“捕捉阳光以提供能源”，由此可推测solar panels意为“太阳能板”，对应B图片。 12．根据第一段“Watch how they use sensors to feel movements and shake hands!”可知，机器人“通过使用传感器”来感知动作。 13．根据“Hands-on fun activities”部分第一条“Learn to fix simple robot problems at Tech Help Area.”可知，可以在Tech Help Area学习修理简单的机器人问题。 14．根据“Weekend special offers (this Saturday only)”部分第一条“The first 50 children: Free 3-D-printed animal key chain!”可知，前50名儿童可以获得免费的动物钥匙扣。 15．文章介绍了科学展的机器人、活动、优惠和发明者，最后附有网站链接“www.futureinventorsfair.com”，属于科技活动宣传，最可能来自“科学网站”。 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在第十五届全运会上亮相的六足导盲机器人，介绍了它的功能、独特构造、使用优势，展现智能科技为视障人群带来便利，展望友好亲民的智能科技走进日常生活。 【详解】16．根据第一段“At the 15th National Games, a special helper slowly came into public view—a six-legged guide robot there to help blind people. It was not just a cold machine; it moved gently and worked carefully and wisely, just like a friend.”可知，开头描绘六足导盲机器人缓缓进入人们视野、行动轻柔如朋友的画面，通过清晰场景描写引入说明对象。 17．根据第二段可知，机器人可以听懂语音指令、安全引路，识别障碍物并规划安全路线，也就是为视障人群引路导航。 18．根据“They help it walk well on different terrains—inside buildings, on grass, or on streets.”可知，建筑物内、草地上、街道上，均为不同地面环境，因此单词含义为“各类地面/地形”。 19．根据第四段“Like Easton’s story of the helping hand, this robot shows how a good idea can become helpful.”可知，两者道理一致，说明好的创意能够在现实生活中帮助人们。 20．全文围绕专为视障人群设计的六足导盲辅助机器人展开，D选项“A Six-legged Helper for the Blind”精准概括文章核心内容。 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕自动驾驶汽车展开，分别介绍自动驾驶的优势、现存缺陷与人们的担忧，客观辩证介绍这项新技术。 【详解】21．根据文章第二段中“they can make our roads much safer... help traffic move better and give people more time to do fun things while traveling”，全部在讲述自动驾驶汽车的好处，对应B选项“The advantages of auto-pilot cars.”。 22．根据文章第三段中“People worry about the decisions smart cars would make in uncommon situations”，意为人们担心智能汽车在特殊复杂场景下做出错误判断，对应A选项“make bad decisions in difficult situations.”。 23．空前句：部分司机容易忽略驾驶潜在危险；空后句：很多人还记得2021年自动驾驶误判引发的事故。中间句子需要衔接“人们过度依赖自动驾驶”，B选项“People believe in these cars too much sometimes.”逻辑通顺，起到过渡举例作用。 24．画线词they出自“We’ll keep discussing if they’re good for us”，全文讨论核心对象是self-driving cars（自动驾驶汽车），代词指代前文核心名词self-driving cars。 25．文章先讲自动驾驶的优点，再讲它的缺陷与隐患，一分为二辩证介绍事物，对应俗语“every coin has two sides（事物都有两面性）”。 26．E 27．F 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了普通人如何成为发明家，以及将发明想法变为现实的具体步骤，包括发现问题、调研想法、制作原型等。 【详解】26．第一段提到“任何人都可以成为发明家”，后文说“Here is how you can bring your idea to life.”。选项E“If you have a new idea for a product, you can make it real.”承接前文“任何人都可以成为发明家”，进一步说明如果你有产品新想法，就可以将其实现，与后文“how to bring your idea to life”形成呼应，逻辑连贯。 27．第二段小标题为“Find a problem to solve.”，后文问“Will it make a daily task easier? Will it help people in a new way?”。选项F“Think about what problem your invention will work out.”直接点出要思考发明要解决什么问题，与后文的具体提问（是否让日常任务更简单、是否以新方式帮助人们）形成递进关系。 28．第三段内容为：知道问题后，上网查是否有类似想法存在，如果有则需新想法，如果没有则幸运。选项A“Do research to see if your idea is new.”作为本段小标题，准确概括了“上网查证新颖性”的核心内容，与后文“check if anything like your idea already exists”完全对应。 29．第四段建议制作原型，先画图，后文说“这有助于你看想法是否真的可行”。选项D“Then, you can try to make a simple model with things around your house.”在画图之后，进一步建议用家中物品制作简单模型，与后文“原型测试”逻辑衔接自然。 30．第五段说“这并不总是容易，但非常有趣”，后文应给出鼓励性总结。选项B“Remember, every great invention starts with a simple idea and a lot of hard work.”作为结尾句，既呼应了前文“不容易但有趣”，又总结了发明需要从简单想法和努力开始，与全文主题一致。 31．C 32．G 33．F 34．A 35．E 【导语】本文左栏是五位同学的烦恼，右栏是七项发明，需为每位同学匹配对应的解决烦恼的发明。 【详解】31．根据“Tom has too much homework and always forgets which subject to do first.”可知，汤姆作业多且忘记先做哪门学科的作业，选项C“人工智能作业规划器：扫描作业本，制定任务清单，并给出语音提醒。”与之匹配，故选C。 32．根据“Lucy forgot her science textbook three times last week.”可知，露西总是忘记带课本，选项G“电子课本卡：一种信用卡大小的设备，存储所有课本，支持听读和记笔记。”与之匹配，故选G。 33．根据“Mike got badly sunburned on his face and neck during outdoor PE running practise.”可知，迈克被严重晒伤，选项F“太阳能冷敷贴：储存太阳能，利用冷风和水修复晒伤。”与之匹配，故选F。 34．根据“Sarah always feels sleepy in her afternoon Chinese class.”可知，萨拉下午上课容易犯困，选项A“智能提醒手环：检测困倦状态并轻柔震动，散发薄荷味帮助使用者保持清醒。”与之匹配，故选A。 35．根据“Ben carries six heavy textbooks, gym clothes, and a water bottle in his backpack every day. His shoulders ache terribly.”可知，本的背包太重导致肩膀疼，选项E“轻量化背包肩带：采用特殊设计，减少30%的重量压力。”与之匹配，故选E。 三、 36．running 37．a 38．to 39．Chinese 40．things 41．our 42．are 43．larger 44．quickly 45．But 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京出现的智能配送机器人，讲述了网购普及带来海量快递配送需求、人工配送缺口大的现状，介绍了配送机器人的应用优势与研发意义，同时也提及部分人对机器人应用会带来新环境问题的不同看法。 【详解】36．句意：在北京一条安静的街道上，一个黄黑相间的机器人正忙着跑。固定搭配be busy doing sth.表示“忙于做某事”，此处需填动名词形式，故填running。 37．句意：它是一个配送机器人。此处表示泛指一款配送机器人，delivery是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a修饰。 38．句意：它可以从商店取件并把包裹送到人们手中。固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。 39．句意：众所周知，越来越多的中国人喜欢网购。此处需要形容词修饰名词people，China对应的形容词形式为Chinese，表示“中国的”。 40．句意：我们在网上购买物品，然后包裹会在短时间内送达我们的公寓。thing为可数名词，此处泛指各类网购商品，需用复数形式，故填things。 41．句意：我们在网上购买物品，然后包裹会在短时间内送达我们的公寓。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词apartments，we对应的形容词性物主代词为our，表示“我们的”。 42．句意：据说中国每天大约有一亿个包裹，并且这个数量很快将会变得更大。there be句型遵循就近原则，空后“100 million packages”为复数名词，且本句为一般现在时，故填are。 43．句意：据说中国每天大约有一亿个包裹，并且这个数量很快将会变得更大。副词much可修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”，large的比较级为larger。 44．句意：如何帮助人们快速拿到包裹？此处需要副词修饰动词get，quick对应的副词形式为quickly，表示“快速地”。 45．句意：但是有些人不赞同刘志勇的想法。前文讲述配送机器人的优势，本句表达人们的反对观点，前后语义转折，句首首字母大写，故填But。 四、46．例文： Hello everyone. Today, I want to talk about how technology has changed our daily life.   Modern robots are a good example. The sweeping robot can control directions by itself and avoid things in front. It makes housework much easier. The food service robot can serve meals and return, which helps restaurant workers a lot. The educational robot can answer questions and teach in new ways, making learning more interesting.   In my opinion, these robots bring convenience and fun to our life. They save time and energy. I hope more clever robots will appear in the future.   Thank you for listening. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：从四个现代机器人中选出三个介绍其功能、分享个人想法 确定人称：第一人称（I）和第三人称（they）为主 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，需涵盖所有提示内容 [第二步：构思布局] 四段式结构： 开场白：已给出，引出科技改变生活的话题 主体段一：分别介绍三个机器人的功能 主体段二：表达个人想法 结束语：致谢 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：扫地机器人 功能一：control directions by itself/control itself/operate automatically等 功能二：avoid things in front/avoid obstacles/sense objects等 作用效果：makes housework much easier/keeps floors clean等 要点二：餐饮服务机器人 功能一：serve meals/deliver food to tables/serve dishes等 功能二：return/go back to the kitchen/come back after serving等 作用效果：helps restaurant workers/improves work efficiency等 要点三：教育机器人 功能一：answer questions/give answers/explain problems等 功能二：teach in new ways/use fun methods/make learning interesting等 要点四：个人想法 想法表达：bring convenience and fun/save time and energy/make life easier等 未来展望：I hope more clever robots will appear/more robots will help us等 总结观点：technology makes our life better/robots are good helpers等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $