Unit 3 Getting along with others Grammar and usage 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，从定语的定义及类型（如物主代词、形容词等）切入，通过例句对比（如简单句合并为定语从句）搭建知识支架，帮助学生理清“定语-定语从句-关系代词”的逻辑脉络。 其亮点在于以“观察-归纳-应用”为主线，结合表格梳理关系代词用法（如who/which/that的区别）、口诀总结特殊情况（“代高序双疑特”），并融入语篇练习（如杂志文章分析、小说片段填空）。通过实例分析培养学生语言能力，通过规则归纳提升思维品质，多样化练习助力学习能力发展，学生能系统掌握语法，教师可直接使用结构化内容提升教学效率。

The Attributive Clause 定语从句 Learning Aims: To master the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. 掌握关系代词引导的限制性定语从句。 Note 1:定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。 his desk Tom’s father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful 物主代词 形容词 名词 现在分词 过去分词 不定式 介词短语 从句 名词所有格 数词 副词 一、What is attributive（定语）？ 二、What is attributive clause（定语从句)? Note 2:修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。 相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“......的” Mary is a girl who has long hair. 修饰girl She is the one that you never forget. 修饰the one 先行词 antecedent 关系词 Note 3:被定语从句修饰的名词(短语)或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词 Mary is a girl who has long hair. Mary is a girl who has long hair. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 关系代词 relative pronouns 关系副词 who, whom, which , that,whose The book which is written by Dickens is worth reading . 三、The structure of restrictive relative clauses 主句 （能独立成句） antecedent先行词 relative pronoun 关系代词 从句（不能独立成句） 先行词+关系代词+从句 Note 4:①指代前面的先行词（替代作用） ②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用） ③在定语从句中充当句子成分 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 1.Mary is a girl. 2.Mary has long hair. 四 、关系词的作用 A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. 主语 定语 宾语 主语 说一说：关系代词在从句中作什么成分？ 五、 如何选择关系代词 　归纳关系代词的基本用法---完成表格 关系代词在从句中充当的成分 主语 宾语 定语 （所有格) 先行词:人 先行词:物 who/ that which/that who/whom/ that/不填 which/ that/不填 whose 五、 如何选择关系代词 关系代词 用法 who 指 ，在定语从句中充当 。 whom 指 ，在定语从句中作 ，可用 代替，也可____ which 指 ，在定语从句中作 ，作 时可省略 that 指 ，也可指 ，在定语从句中作 ，作宾语时可以____ whose 既可指 又可 ，在从句中修饰名词，作_____ 主语、宾语 who 省略 主语、宾语 人 主语、宾语或表语 物 指物 定语 人 省略 宾语 宾语 人 物 人 The plane is a machine. The machine can fly. The plane is a machine that can fly. 定语从句 先行词 Observing and Summarizing 关系词 Observing and Summarizing Peppa Pig is a cartoon. It is popular with children worldwide. Peppa Pig is a cartoon which is popular with children. 定语从句 Observing and Summarizing He is a popular singer. His song is popular among young people. He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people. 五、 只用that，不用which的情况 先行词为 all,little,everything，something，nothing，anything等不定代词或被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等不定代词修饰时。 Is there anything that I can do for you? All that can be done must be down. 2. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last ,the right,just等限定词修饰时，用关系代词 that 引导定语从句。 These are all the pictures that I have seen. This is the very dictionary that is of great help. 3. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词 that 引导定语从句。如： The first thing that they should do is to work out a plan. Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived. 4. 先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如： We talked about the things and persons that we saw in the movie. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时用that。 Which is the book that you want? Who is the man that is standing by the gate 代：不定代词 高：最高级 序：序数词 双：即有人又有物 疑：who 或which 特：特定的词 五、 只用that，不用which的情况 六、 只用which，不用that的情况 1.当先行词为that或those时，或有两个定从，其中一个从句的关系代词已用that You must find out those which may be ignored by us. Let me show you the novel that was borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 2.当介词放在关系代词之前时 The building in which my brother studied was very old. 3.引导非限制性定语从句 Gina's dog, which was very old now, became ill and died. 介词 which whom 七、 只用who，不用that的情况 1.先行词为指人的不定代词，如:one, ones.… One who does not work hard will never succeed. 不努力工作的人绝不会成功 2.先行词为指人的those或被those修饰; Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once. 那些不适合工作的人应该立即离开办公室。 3.there be句型中,先行词为人: There's a gentleman who wants to see you.有一个绅士想要见你 Tip: 当先行词为物，which，that都行时，选that 当先行词为人，who,whom,that 都行时，选who 只用which: ① 非限定从 ② 介词后 ③ 先行词为that 只用as：特定句式，“正如.....” 八、关系代词还有as，修饰句子“正如” As is known, China is a very big country. __________ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history. 正如每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。 As 类似： As is known to all/As we all know, ..... As I see it, ..... As is often the case, ..... As I expected, ..... As is reported in the news, ..... 1. 确定定语从句（划分主从句） 2. 划出先行词，先行词指人/物 3. 把先行词代入从句判断成分 4. 选关系词（根据先行词在从句中的成分） 如何正确选择关系词 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 先行词 关系代词 which who that whose B1 Rewrite the sentence using relative clauses Online friends are not real friends ! from which many friendships grow whose communication is warm and open which/that need to be taken good care of (who/whom/that） you can count on （in which/that）you have been helped 22 练一练：用适当的关系代词填空 Jack is the boy you should care about. (2)The number of viewers come to visit the city reaches one million every year. (3)The gold medal he won has been given to her old school. (4)This is the scientist name is known all over the country. who/whom/that that/who which /that whose 技巧：1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分 4. 确定关系代词 B2 Complete the passage with relative pronouns where necessary which/that whose who/that (which/that) which (whom/who/that) who/that 技巧：1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分 4. 确定关系代词 (which/that) whose who/that which/that whose (which/that) (that) who/that (who/whom/that) (in which/that) Thank you! $