Unit 1 Friendship（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 1 Friendship”单元内容，涵盖主题分类词汇、实用短语、交际句型、核心语法及写作指导等知识范畴，为学生搭建了从词汇积累到句型运用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类整合与分级呈现构建知识体系，如词汇按人物性格、友情情感等维度分类，语法聚焦特殊疑问词用法并配实例解析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“易错点口诀”（如“how long问多久，how far离得远”）和“写作框架+范文”，如描写朋友采用“总—分—总”结构，不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师可据此设计针对性教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Friendship 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物性格品质： 1. ___________ (诚实的) __________________________________________________________________（我最好的朋友对我很诚实。） 2. ___________ (有耐心的) __________________________________________________________________（好朋友在你犯错时会很有耐心。） 3. ___________ (自信的) __________________________________________________________________（我的朋友帮助我变得自信。） 4. ___________ (关心他人的) __________________________________________________________________（她是个体贴的朋友，总会倾听我的心声。） 5. ___________ (品质，品德) __________________________________________________________________（诚实是真朋友一项重要的品质。） 二、友情情感与内在心态： 1. ___________ (信任，信赖) __________________________________________________________________（信任是友谊的基础。） 2.___________ (勇气，胆量) __________________________________________________________________（真正的朋友会在你失落时给予你勇气。） 3.___________ (想法) __________________________________________________________________（我们经常互相分享彼此的想法。） 4. ___________ (高兴的，愉快的) __________________________________________________________________（我很高兴拥有这么棒的朋友。） 5. ___________ (心) __________________________________________________________________（好朋友发自内心地关心你。） 三、描述他人： 1.___________ (描述，形容) __________________________________________________________________（你能向我描述一下你最好的朋友吗?） 2. ___________ (外貌) __________________________________________________________________（我们不能只凭外貌评判朋友。） 3. ___________ (直的) __________________________________________________________________（我的朋友有着长长的黑色直发。） 4. ___________ (褐色的，乌黑的) __________________________________________________________________（她有着漂亮乌黑的眼睛。） 5. ___________ (个性的) __________________________________________________________________（每个人都拥有自己独特的爱好。） 6. ___________ (同一的，相同的) __________________________________________________________________（我和我的朋友喜欢相同的音乐。） 7. ___________ (基本的，基础的) __________________________________________________________________（尊重是朋友之间一条基本准则。） 四、调研与观点表达 1.___________ (调查) __________________________________________________________________（我们在课堂上做了一项关于友谊的调查。） 2. ___________ (改进，改善) __________________________________________________________________(多沟通能够改善你们的友谊。） 五、关系发展与结局 1.___________ (友谊，朋友关系) __________________________________________________________________（没有什么能破坏我们的友谊。） 2. ___________ (上升) __________________________________________________________________（随着相处时间变多，我们的情谊愈发深厚。） 3. ___________ (结局) __________________________________________________________________（我希望我们的友谊有美好的结局。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ______________________（擅长……） __________________________________________________________________（我的朋友擅长弹吉他。） 2. ______________________（求助于某人） __________________________________________________________________（当我遇到麻烦，我会向我最好的朋友求助。） 3. ______________________（愿意做某事） __________________________________________________________________（真正的朋友愿意互相帮助。） 4. ______________________（照管；监督） __________________________________________________________________（在我难过的时候，她照顾陪伴我。） 5. ______________________（上升到） __________________________________________________________________（随着交流变多，我们的友谊上升到更深的层次。） 6. ______________________（大叫；叫喊） __________________________________________________________________（见到老朋友时，他开心地呼喊起来。） 7. ______________________（哭着入睡） __________________________________________________________________（她和朋友争吵之后哭着入睡。） 8. ______________________（醒；醒来） __________________________________________________________________（我醒来就想起我们一同度过的欢乐时光。） 9. ______________________（来去） __________________________________________________________________（许多人来了又走，但真正的朋友会留下来。） 10. ______________________（替代某人） __________________________________________________________________（没有人能够替代我挚友在我心中的位置。） 11. ______________________（出现） __________________________________________________________________（你永远不知道一位好友何时会出现。） 12. ______________________（照顾，照料） __________________________________________________________________（我妈妈总是照顾我。） 二、名词短语 1. ______________________（中等身高） __________________________________________________________________（我最好的朋友中等身高。） 2. ______________________（现代舞） __________________________________________________________________（放学后我们一起学习现代舞。） 三、介词短语 1. ______________________（放学后） __________________________________________________________________（放学后我们经常闲聊，探讨友谊。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问人物： 1. Who is your best friend?（谁是你最好的朋友？） 2. What is your best friend like?（你最好的朋友是什么样的？） 3. What makes her your best friend?（是什么让她成为你最好的朋友？） 二、描述人物/经历： 1. He / She is...（他/她是……） 2. He / She is good at...（他 / 她擅长……） 3. When I feel sad, she / he ...（当我伤心时，她 / 他……） 4. We like...together. （我们喜欢一起……） 5. I often tell him / her ... （我经常告诉他 / 她……） 语法 特殊疑问词 写作 关于朋友的帖子 一、知识点精讲 1.patient adj. 有耐心的 【句型】 be patient with 对……有耐心 Our teachers are patient with us. 我们的老师对我们很耐心。 2. be good at 擅长…… 【句型】 ① be good at sth. 擅长某事 Sam is good at football. Sam擅长足球。 ② be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 Sam is good at playing football. Sam擅长踢足球。 （2024-2026年考查2次）3. one of... ……之一 【句型】 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 Chen Ming is one of the tallest boys in his class. 陈明是班上最高的男孩之一。 （2024-2026年考查2次）4. when引导的时间状语从句 【句型】when 表示“当……时候”。当表示经常性的动作时，主句和从句都用一般现在时。 When I have free time, I study English. 当我有空闲时间的时候，我学习英语。 5. share 分享 【句型】 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某事 Li Hua likes sharing interesting things with Chen Ming. 李华喜欢与陈明分享有趣的事情。 （2024-2026年考查3次）6. It is + n. / adj. to do sth. 做……事情是…… 【句型】 ① It is + n. to do sth. = To do sth. is + n. 做……事情是…… (it在此处仅充当形式主语，无意思） It is fun to play with you. 和你一起玩是乐趣。 = To play with you is fun. ② It is + adj. to do sth. 做……事情是……的 (it在此处仅充当形式主语，无意思） It is wonderful to have such a good friend. 拥有这样的好朋友是极好的。 = To have such a good friend is wonderful. （2024-2026年考查2次）7. make sb. do 让某人做 【句型】 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Our teacher makes us hand in homework on time. 我们的老师让我们按时交作业。 8. not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 【句型】 Mark is not only a good singer, but also a great dancer. Mark不仅是一位很棒的歌手，而且是一位很好的舞者。 9. guitar 吉他 【句型】 乐器前要加the。如play the guitar 弹吉他，play the piano 弹钢琴，play the violin 拉小提琴 He plays the guitar every day. 他每天弹吉他。 二、核心语法精讲 特殊疑问词 一、特殊疑问词是以Wh- 或H- 开头的单词或词组。具体如下： what 表示“什么”，常用来问事物、工作、天气 which 表示“哪一个”，常用来问在特定范围内的人或事物 who 表示“谁”，常用来问人 whose 表示“谁的”，常用来问所属关系 where 表示“哪里”，常用来问地点 when 表示“什么时候”，常用来问时间 what time 表示“什么时间”，常用来问具体的时间，如几点、几点几分 why 表示“为什么”，常用来问原因，回答常用because how 表示“怎么样”，常用来问方式、交通工具 how many 表示“多少”，常用来问数量，后面接可数名词复数 how much 表示“多少”，常用来问金钱，或问数量（后接不可数名词） how long 表示“多长”，常用来问时间长度（回答常含for + 时间段）或物体的长度 how far 表示“多远”，常用来问距离 how often 表示“多久一次”，常用来问频率，回答常用频率词 how soon 表示“多久之后”，多数用在一般将来时的句子中，回答常用in + 时间段 二、在特殊疑问句中，特殊疑问词位于句首。特殊疑问句不可以用yes或no来回答，需要回答具体的信息。 特殊疑问句 = 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 Where is your friend from? What does your best friend look like? How do you go to school every day? 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 “描写朋友”这个话题的核心是用简单句和基础词汇，从多维度展现朋友的形象与特质。需围绕“基本信息（姓名、年龄）、外貌特征、性格品质、爱好特长、相处细节”等维度展开，语言要简洁易懂，逻辑清晰，突出“朋友为何特别”的核心。 2. 写作框架 整体写作采用“总—分—总”结构，清晰分层： 1）开头（总）：点明朋友身份，建立情感联结（如 “Han Li is my best friend.”）。 2）中间（分）：分维度描述朋友（按“基本信息→外貌→性格/爱好→相处故事”顺序）： · 基本信息：姓名、年龄、年级等； · 外貌：头发、眼睛、身高等标志性特征； · 性格/爱好：善良、乐于助人等品质，或跳舞、读书等特长； · 相处细节：具体事件体现友谊（如帮忙辅导、分享心事）。 3）结尾（总）：总结对朋友的感受，升华情感（如 “I’m lucky to have such a good friend.”）。 3. 写作素材 1）核心词汇 · 外貌：long straight hair（长直发）, big dark eyes（大黑眼睛）, tall and thin（高瘦） · 性格：kind（善良）, helpful（乐于助人）, friendly（友好）, patient（耐心） · 爱好：like dancing（喜欢跳舞）, be good at painting（擅长画画）, enjoy reading（喜欢阅读） · 情感：best friend（最好的朋友）, care about（关心）, share...with...（和…分享） 2）实用句型 · 介绍身份：XXX is my best friend. / I have a good friend named XXX. · 描述外貌：She has + 外貌特征. / He is + 身高/体型. · 表达性格/爱好：She is + 性格形容词. / She likes + 动名词（doing）. · 讲述相处：When I..., she always... / We often... together. · 总结情感：I feel lucky to have her as my friend. / Having a friend like XXX makes me happy. 4. 范文背诵 Amy is my best friend. She is 12 years old. She has long, straight hair and big, dark eyes. I think she is lovely. She is very kind and helpful. When I need help, she is always there for me. I can talk to her, and I often share my thoughts with her. She is also good at dancing and likes modern dance. We often watch dance videos together after school. I’m so lucky to have such a good friend. She makes my school life full of joy! Wang Hao is my best friend. He is 13. He has short black hair and bright eyes. He is tall and always smiles. He is kind and helpful. Last week, I forgot my math book, and he shared his with me. He loves basketball and plays it every afternoon. He is also good at science. When I meet difficult science problems, he is always willing to help me. I’m lucky to have him as my friend. I hope our friendship lasts forever! 易错点01 不定代词和形容词的位置 【助记口诀】形容词后置 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则区别于普通名词短语： 在普通名词短语中，形容词通常放在名词前面（如 a beautiful flower）；但在不定代词（something, anything, nothing, someone, anybody 等）修饰语中，形容词必须后置（放在不定代词后面）。 2. 不定代词被形容词修饰时： 无论形容词多长，都要放在不定代词的后面。如：something new（一些新东西），nothing important（没什么重要的事）。 3. 特殊情况注意： 当不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Is there anything important this month?（这个月有任何重要的事情吗？） 【对点训练】 1. There isn’t ________ in this story about inspiring people. A. something interesting B. interesting anything C. anything interesting D. everything interesting 2. I want to buy ________ for my mother. A. anything special B. special anything C. something special D. special something 3. — Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? — No, nothing. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 易错点02 相似特殊疑问词how long/how far/how often 【助记口诀】how long 问多久，how far离得远，how often问几次 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别在于提问的“维度”不同： how long 关注时间长度或物体长度；how far 关注空间距离；how often 关注动作发生的频率。 2. how long 用于提问持续多长时间（回答通常用 for + 时间段）； how far 用于路程距离： 提问两地之间有多远（回答通常用具体的公里数、米数，或者“十分钟路程”等）。 how often 用于频率次数： 提问多久做一次某事（回答通常是 once/twice a week, always, usually, never 等频率副词）。 【对点训练】 1. —Nancy, ________ do you take the piano course? —Every Saturday afternoon. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon 2. 一________ is it from your home to school? —About 2.5 kilometers. A. How long B. How far C. How many D. How often 3. _______ do you spend doing your homework every day? A. How often B. How much C. How long D. What time 易错点03 相似特殊疑问词how many / how much 【助记口诀】how many可数，how much不可数 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别在于后接名词的“数”不同： many后接可数名词复数，much后接不可数名词。 2. how many问的是可数名词的数量多少； how much问的是不可数名词的数量多少。 【对点训练】 1. ________ water is there in the bottle? A. How many B. How often C. How much D. How long 2. ________ people are there in your family? A. How many B. How far C. How often D. How much 3. ________ kinds of flowers do you have? A. How often B. How much C. How long D. How many 一、根据所给提示填空 1. I like music and I play the ________ (吉他) in the school band. 2. John always keeps his word so you can ________ (信任) him. 3. It is important to be ________ (诚实的) when you make friends. 4. Mr Wang is a ________ (有耐心的) teacher and he is popular at school. 5. Lisa is a ________ (体贴的) girl. She always remembers my birthday. 6. ________ (友谊) is very important in life. 7. I had the ________ (想法) of visiting my grandparents this weekend. 8. Thanks for giving me the ________ (勇气) to stand up. 二、单项选择 1. (2024-2025·广东广州·单元）Charlie Chaplin became one of ________ actors of his day. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 2. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）一________ is it from your home to school? —About 2.5 kilometers. A. How long B. How far C. How many D. How often 3. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—________ is Jeremy Lin? —He is a famous Asian-American basketball player. A. Where B. Why C. What D. How old 4. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—______ do you want to celebrate your birthday, Lina? —Mum, can I have a birthday party and invite all my friends? A. What B. Where C. How D. Who 5. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Lily is a top student in our class and she is good _______ every subject. A. for B. to C. at D. with 6. (2024-2025·广东广州·期中）—________ is your English teacher? —The woman in red. A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where 7. (2024-2025·广东广州·期中）— ________ do you go to the cinema, Steve? — By bus. A. When B. How long C. How D. How often 8. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）—The meeting is starting soon, but Lisa didn’t ________. —Let’s call her to ask why she is late. A. pick up B. take off C. clean up D. come along 9. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）I ________ have any green hair clips (发夹). ________ hair clip is it? A. do; Who B. don’t; Who’s C. don’t; Who D. don’t; Whose 10. —________ does your brother like the pet snake? —Because he thinks it’s exciting. A. Why B. What C. How D. Where 三、句型转换 1. There are two bathrooms in my flat.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ bathrooms are there in your flat? 2. My English teacher is Ms. Liu. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ English teacher? 3. He studies online because it is convenient.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he study online? 4. My birthday is on June 2nd.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ your birthday? 5. The keys are under the sofa.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ the keys? 6. I watch TV twice a week. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ do you watch TV? 7. We stayed there for three days. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ did you stay there? 8. People usually eat turkey at Christmas in Western countries.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ people usually ________ at Christmas in Western countries? 四、阅读理解 A Should Good Friends Be the Same or Different? Many teenagers talk about this hot topic on school forums these days. Two 14-year-old students, Mia and Zoe, share their ideas. Mia and Zoe are best friends, but they are totally different. Mia is quieter and more careful. She likes reading and painting. She spends most of her free time in the school library. However, Zoe is much more outgoing and athletic. She loves running and playing badminton. Every afternoon, she practices sports on the playground. At first, some classmates told them they could not get on well because they had few similar hobbies. But the two girls proved those words wrong. Mia helps Zoe with her English reading tasks. Zoe takes Mia to do sports to keep healthy, because Mia is weak and easily gets tired. Zoe says, “My quiet friend teaches me to slow down and enjoy reading. I become more patient than before.” Mia also feels happy about their friendship. “Zoe brings me energy. I used to be shy and afraid of talking with new people, but now I am a little sociable and brave.” We don’t need friends who are exactly like ourselves. Differences don’t break friendship. Instead, they help both people grow and become better versions of themselves. 1. Where can we read this passage? A. A science textbook. B. Teenager Weekly. C. A sports poster. D. A cooking magazine. 2. What does the underlined word “sociable” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 安静内向的 B. 善于交际的 C. 粗心大意的 D. 勤奋好学的 3. What do Mia and Zoe do to help each other? A. Mia teaches Zoe to play badminton. B. Zoe helps Mia finish her painting work. C. Mia helps Zoe with English reading, and Zoe takes Mia to exercise. D. They study math together in the library every day. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Mia and Zoe have lots of the same hobbies. B. All classmates think Mia and Zoe can’t be good friends. C. Doing sports makes Mia stronger and more outgoing. D. Zoe becomes quieter and hates sports after making friends with Mia. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Two girls with big differences can still be good friends and make progress together. B. Outgoing students are more popular at school than quiet ones. C. Students must make friends who have the same hobbies. D. Reading and sports are the most useful hobbies for teenagers. B (2025-2026·广东深圳·期中） At Shenzhen Middle School, we have a special programme called “Global Friends”. Last month, I got a pen pal from Canada named Emma. We send emails to each other every week. Emma is 13, just like me. She told me about her school life in Toronto (多伦多). Her classes start at 8:30 a.m., while ours begin at 7:50. She has snowy days in winter, but we have rainy days in Shenzhen! We also share hobbies. Emma loves painting and sent me a drawing of maple leaves. I sent her a picture of Shenzhen Bay Park. We even made a project together: a poster comparing (比较) Canadian and Chinese festivals. Our teacher displayed it in the school hallway! Sometimes we help each other with homework. Emma explained English idioms (俚语) to me, and I taught her simple Chinese phrases. Last Friday, we had our first video call. We laughed while trying to pronounce each other’s names correctly. Having an international friend makes the world feel smaller and more interesting! Now I realize that even with different languages and traditions, teenagers everywhere share common dreams. This friendship isn’t just fun—it teaches me to see the world with a bigger heart. 1. Where is the writer’s pen pal from? A. Canada. B. Australia. C. Japan. D. England. 2. What did Emma tell me about? A. Her classes. B. Snowy days. C. Rainy days. D. Her school life. 3. What does the underlined word “displayed” in paragraph 3 mean? A. 售卖 B. 展示 C. 给予 D. 布置 4. What did Emma send to the writer? A. A photo of Shenzhen Bay. B. Lychee-flavoured candy. C. A drawing of maple leaves. D. Mooncakes. 5. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. The writer plans to visit Canada soon. B. Emma will move to Shenzhen next year. C. Video calls are more fun than email exchanges. D. Cultural differences don’t stop teenagers sharing common dreams. 五、完形填空 (2025-2026·广东深圳·期末） Mario was an outgoing (爱交际的) boy. He had many friends and always enjoyed being 1 at school. One day, seeing Mario having fun with his friends, his grandfather thought for a moment and said to Mario, “I have a big bag of 2 for you, but first, would you like to play a game to see who your real friends are?” Mario agreed (同意) but didn’t 3 how to find that out. His grandfather then gave him a “magic invisible (看不见的) chair”. “If you can sit on the chair at school, it will show you your real 4 ,” his grandfather said. At school, Mario gathered his friends in a circle. He tried to sit on the invisible 5 . But he fell down. Then he tried again and again, but kept falling. Some classmates even 6 him. But Mario tried one last time and 7 . He felt like he was sitting in mid-air! Looking around, he saw his three best friends. Without saying anything, they were holding him up 8 so he wouldn’t fall. They all looked worried.However, the other “friends” just watched and laughed. Mario finally 9 something. Real friends care about you and help you when you have problems. They don’t laugh at you. He learnt this 10 lesson about friendship. That night, the four children had great fun eating the snacks from Mario’s grandfather at his home. 1. A. honest B. popular C. patient D. single 2. A. snacks B. toys C. books D. collections 3. A. explain B. introduce C. remember D. know 4. A. features B. friends C. differences D. classmates 5. A. box B. bed C. chair D. desk 6. A. competed with B. laughed at C. waited for D. listened to 7. A. cried B. moved C. succeeded D. appeared 8. A. happily B. carelessly C. quietly D. lightly 9. A. realized B. improved C. packed D. described 10. A. easy B. similar C. famous D. valuable 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物性格品质： 1. honest (诚实的) My best friend is honest with me all the time.（我最好的朋友对我很诚实。） 2. patient (有耐心的) A good friend is patient when you make mistakes.（好朋友在你犯错时会很有耐心。） 3. confident (自信的) My friend helps me become more confident.（我的朋友帮助我变得自信。） 4. caring (关心他人的) She is a caring friend who always listens to me.（她是个体贴的朋友，总会倾听我的心声。） 5.quality (品质，品德) Honesty is an important quality of a true friend.（诚实是真朋友一项重要的品质。） 二、友情情感与内在心态： 1. trust (信任，信赖) Trust is the base of friendship.（信任是友谊的基础。） 2. courage (勇气，胆量) True friends give you courage when you feel upset.（真正的朋友会在你失落时给予你勇气。） 3.thought (想法) We often share our thoughts with each other.（我们经常互相分享彼此的想法。） 4. glad (高兴的，愉快的) I am glad to have such a wonderful friend.（我很高兴拥有这么棒的朋友。） 5. heart (心) Good friends care about you from the heart.（好朋友发自内心地关心你。） 三、描述他人： 1.describe (描述，形容) Can you describe your best friend to me?（你能向我描述一下你最好的朋友吗?） 2. appearance (外貌) We should not judge friends only by appearance.（我们不能只凭外貌评判朋友。） 3. straight (直的) My friend has long straight black hair.（我的朋友有着长长的黑色直发。） 4. dark (褐色的，乌黑的) She has beautiful dark eyes.（她有着漂亮乌黑的眼睛。） 5. personal (个性的) Everyone has their own personal hobbies.（每个人都拥有自己独特的爱好。） 6. same (同一的，相同的) My friend and I like the same music.（我和我的朋友喜欢相同的音乐。） 7. basic (基本的，基础的) Respect is a basic rule between friends.（尊重是朋友之间一条基本准则。） 四、调研与观点表达 1.survey (调查) We did a survey about friendship in class.（我们在课堂上做了一项关于友谊的调查。） 2. improve (改进，改善) Talking more can improve your friendship.（多沟通能够改善你们的友谊。） 五、关系发展与结局 1.friendship (友谊，朋友关系) Nothing can break our friendship.（没有什么能破坏我们的友谊。） 2. rise (上升) Our friendship will rise as we spend more time together.（随着相处时间变多，我们的情谊愈发深厚。） 3. end (结局) I hope our friendship has a happy end.（我希望我们的友谊有美好的结局。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. be good at（擅长……） She is good at playing the guitar.（我的朋友擅长弹吉他。） 2. turn to sb. for help（求助于某人） When I meet difficulties, I can turn to my best friend for help.（当我遇到麻烦，我会向我最好的朋友求助。） 3. be willing to do sth.（愿意做某事） True friends are willing to help each other.（真正的朋友愿意互相帮助。） 4. watch over（照管；监督） She watched over me when I felt sad.（在我难过的时候，她照顾陪伴我。） 5. rise into（上升到） Our friendship rose into a deeper level as we communicated more.（随着交流变多，我们的友谊上升到更深的层次。） 6. cry out（大叫；叫喊） He cried out happily when he met his old friend.（见到老朋友时，他开心地呼喊起来。） 7. cry oneself to sleep（哭着入睡） She cried herself to sleep after quarrelling with her friend.（她和朋友争吵之后哭着入睡。） 8. wake up（醒；醒来） I wake up thinking about our fun time together._（我醒来就想起我们一同度过的欢乐时光。） 9. come and go（来去） Many people come and go, but real friends stay.（许多人来了又走，但真正的朋友会留下来。） 10. take somebody’s place （替代某人） Nobody can take my best friend’s place in my heart.（没有人能够替代我挚友在我心中的位置。） 11. come along（出现） You never know when a good friend will come along.（你永远不知道一位好友何时会出现。） 12. take care of（照顾，照料） My mum always takes care of me.（我妈妈总是照顾我。） 二、名词短语 1. medium height（中等身高） My best friend is of medium height.（我最好的朋友中等身高。） 2. modern dance（现代舞） We learn modern dance together after school.（放学后我们一起学习现代舞。） 三、介词短语 1. after school（放学后） We often hang out and talk about friendship after school.（放学后我们经常闲聊，探讨友谊。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问人物： 1. Who is your best friend?（谁是你最好的朋友？） 2. What is your best friend like?（你最好的朋友是什么样的？） 3. What makes her your best friend?（是什么让她成为你最好的朋友？） 二、描述人物/经历： 1. He / She is...（他/她是……） 2. He / She is good at...（他 / 她擅长……） 3. When I feel sad, she / he ...（当我伤心时，她 / 他……） 4. We like...together. （我们喜欢一起……） 5. I often tell him / her ... （我经常告诉他 / 她……） 语法 特殊疑问词 写作 关于朋友的帖子 一、知识点精讲 1.patient adj. 有耐心的 【句型】 be patient with 对……有耐心 Our teachers are patient with us. 我们的老师对我们很耐心。 2. be good at 擅长…… 【句型】 ① be good at sth. 擅长某事 Sam is good at football. Sam擅长足球。 ② be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 Sam is good at playing football. Sam擅长踢足球。 （2024-2026年考查2次）3. one of... ……之一 【句型】 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 Chen Ming is one of the tallest boys in his class. 陈明是班上最高的男孩之一。 （2024-2026年考查2次）4. when引导的时间状语从句 【句型】when 表示“当……时候”。当表示经常性的动作时，主句和从句都用一般现在时。 When I have free time, I study English. 当我有空闲时间的时候，我学习英语。 5. share 分享 【句型】 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某事 Li Hua likes sharing interesting things with Chen Ming. 李华喜欢与陈明分享有趣的事情。 （2024-2026年考查3次）6. It is + n. / adj. to do sth. 做……事情是…… 【句型】 ① It is + n. to do sth. = To do sth. is + n. 做……事情是…… (it在此处仅充当形式主语，无意思） It is fun to play with you. 和你一起玩是乐趣。 = To play with you is fun. ② It is + adj. to do sth. 做……事情是……的 (it在此处仅充当形式主语，无意思） It is wonderful to have such a good friend. 拥有这样的好朋友是极好的。 = To have such a good friend is wonderful. （2024-2026年考查2次）7. make sb. do 让某人做 【句型】 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Our teacher makes us hand in homework on time. 我们的老师让我们按时交作业。 8. not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 【句型】 Mark is not only a good singer, but also a great dancer. Mark不仅是一位很棒的歌手，而且是一位很好的舞者。 9. guitar 吉他 【句型】 乐器前要加the。如play the guitar 弹吉他，play the piano 弹钢琴，play the violin 拉小提琴 He plays the guitar every day. 他每天弹吉他。 二、核心语法精讲 特殊疑问词 一、特殊疑问词是以Wh- 或H- 开头的单词或词组。具体如下： what 表示“什么”，常用来问事物、工作、天气 which 表示“哪一个”，常用来问在特定范围内的人或事物 who 表示“谁”，常用来问人 whose 表示“谁的”，常用来问所属关系 where 表示“哪里”，常用来问地点 when 表示“什么时候”，常用来问时间 what time 表示“什么时间”，常用来问具体的时间，如几点、几点几分 why 表示“为什么”，常用来问原因，回答常用because how 表示“怎么样”，常用来问方式、交通工具 how many 表示“多少”，常用来问数量，后面接可数名词复数 how much 表示“多少”，常用来问金钱，或问数量（后接不可数名词） how long 表示“多长”，常用来问时间长度（回答常含for + 时间段）或物体的长度 how far 表示“多远”，常用来问距离 how often 表示“多久一次”，常用来问频率，回答常用频率词 how soon 表示“多久之后”，多数用在一般将来时的句子中，回答常用in + 时间段 二、在特殊疑问句中，特殊疑问词位于句首。特殊疑问句不可以用yes或no来回答，需要回答具体的信息。 特殊疑问句 = 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 Where is your friend from? What does your best friend look like? How do you go to school every day? 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 “描写朋友”这个话题的核心是用简单句和基础词汇，从多维度展现朋友的形象与特质。需围绕“基本信息（姓名、年龄）、外貌特征、性格品质、爱好特长、相处细节”等维度展开，语言要简洁易懂，逻辑清晰，突出“朋友为何特别”的核心。 2. 写作框架 整体写作采用“总—分—总”结构，清晰分层： 1）开头（总）：点明朋友身份，建立情感联结（如 “Han Li is my best friend.”）。 2）中间（分）：分维度描述朋友（按“基本信息→外貌→性格/爱好→相处故事”顺序）： · 基本信息：姓名、年龄、年级等； · 外貌：头发、眼睛、身高等标志性特征； · 性格/爱好：善良、乐于助人等品质，或跳舞、读书等特长； · 相处细节：具体事件体现友谊（如帮忙辅导、分享心事）。 3）结尾（总）：总结对朋友的感受，升华情感（如 “I’m lucky to have such a good friend.”）。 3. 写作素材 1）核心词汇 · 外貌：long straight hair（长直发）, big dark eyes（大黑眼睛）, tall and thin（高瘦） · 性格：kind（善良）, helpful（乐于助人）, friendly（友好）, patient（耐心） · 爱好：like dancing（喜欢跳舞）, be good at painting（擅长画画）, enjoy reading（喜欢阅读） · 情感：best friend（最好的朋友）, care about（关心）, share...with...（和…分享） 2）实用句型 · 介绍身份：XXX is my best friend. / I have a good friend named XXX. · 描述外貌：She has + 外貌特征. / He is + 身高/体型. · 表达性格/爱好：She is + 性格形容词. / She likes + 动名词（doing）. · 讲述相处：When I..., she always... / We often... together. · 总结情感：I feel lucky to have her as my friend. / Having a friend like XXX makes me happy. 4. 范文背诵 Amy is my best friend. She is 12 years old. She has long, straight hair and big, dark eyes. I think she is lovely. She is very kind and helpful. When I need help, she is always there for me. I can talk to her, and I often share my thoughts with her. She is also good at dancing and likes modern dance. We often watch dance videos together after school. I’m so lucky to have such a good friend. She makes my school life full of joy! Wang Hao is my best friend. He is 13. He has short black hair and bright eyes. He is tall and always smiles. He is kind and helpful. Last week, I forgot my math book, and he shared his with me. He loves basketball and plays it every afternoon. He is also good at science. When I meet difficult science problems, he is always willing to help me. I’m lucky to have him as my friend. I hope our friendship lasts forever! 易错点01 不定代词和形容词的位置 【助记口诀】形容词后置 【错因辨析】 1. 核心规则区别于普通名词短语： 在普通名词短语中，形容词通常放在名词前面（如 a beautiful flower）；但在不定代词（something, anything, nothing, someone, anybody 等）修饰语中，形容词必须后置（放在不定代词后面）。 2. 不定代词被形容词修饰时： 无论形容词多长，都要放在不定代词的后面。如：something new（一些新东西），nothing important（没什么重要的事）。 3. 特殊情况注意： 当不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Is there anything important this month?（这个月有任何重要的事情吗？） 【对点训练】 1. There isn’t ________ in this story about inspiring people. A. something interesting B. interesting anything C. anything interesting D. everything interesting 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：在这个关于激励人们的故事里没有什么有趣的事情。 something某事，用于肯定句；anything任何事，用于否定或疑问句；everything每件事。形容词修饰不定代词时需放在不定代词之后。根据“isn’t”可知，句子为否定句，应用anything，且形容词interesting需后置。应填anything interesting。 2. I want to buy ________ for my mother. A. anything special B. special anything C. something special D. special something 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：我想给妈妈买一件特别的东西。 anything special任何特别的事物；special anything语序错误；something special某件特别的东西；special something语序错误。本句是肯定句，表达“某样物品”，要用something；形容词修饰不定代词（something/anything/nothing等）时，形容词必须放在不定代词后面，也就是定语后置。结合句子想要给妈妈购置一份特别的礼物的语境，something special贴合句意。 3. — Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? — No, nothing. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：——今天的报纸有什么新鲜事吗？——不，没什么。 something new新鲜事；new something结构错误；anything new新事物；new anything结构错误。本句是一般疑问句，疑问句中使用anything，形容词修饰不定代词需要后置，结合语境，应填anything new。 易错点02 相似特殊疑问词how long/how far/how often 【助记口诀】how long 问多久，how far离得远，how often问几次 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别在于提问的“维度”不同： how long 关注时间长度或物体长度；how far 关注空间距离；how often 关注动作发生的频率。 2. how long 用于提问持续多长时间（回答通常用 for + 时间段）； how far 用于路程距离： 提问两地之间有多远（回答通常用具体的公里数、米数，或者“十分钟路程”等）。 how often 用于频率次数： 提问多久做一次某事（回答通常是 once/twice a week, always, usually, never 等频率副词）。 【对点训练】 1. —Nancy, ________ do you take the piano course? —Every Saturday afternoon. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——南希，你多久上一次钢琴课？——每周六下午。 考查特殊疑问词组。how often多久一次，询问频率；how long多长，询问时长或长度；how far多远，询问距离；how soon多久以后，询问将来时间。根据答语“Every Saturday afternoon.”（每周六下午）可知，问句询问的是上课的频率，应用how often。故选A。 2. 一________ is it from your home to school? —About 2.5 kilometers. A. How long B. How far C. How many D. How often 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？ ——大约2.5公里。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久 (问时间长度)，多长 (问物体长度)；How far多远，询问距离；How many多少，询问可数名词的数量；How often多久一次，询问频率。答句“About 2.5 kilometers.”表示距离，询问距离时用“How far”。故选B。 3. _______ do you spend doing your homework every day? A. How often B. How much C. How long D. What time 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你每天花多长时间做作业？ 考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次，询问频率；How much多少，询问不可数名词的数量或价格；How long多长时间，询问时间段；What time什么时间，询问具体的时间点。根据“...do you spend doing your homework every day?”可知，此处是在询问每天做作业所花费的时间段，所以应该用How long。故选C。 易错点03 相似特殊疑问词how many / how much 【助记口诀】how many可数，how much不可数 【错因辨析】 1. 核心区别在于后接名词的“数”不同： many后接可数名词复数，much后接不可数名词。 2. how many问的是可数名词的数量多少； how much问的是不可数名词的数量多少。 【对点训练】 1. ________ water is there in the bottle? A. How many B. How often C. How much D. How long 【答案】C 【解析】句意：瓶子里有多少水？ how many 多少，用于提问可数名词复数的数量；how often 多久一次，用于提问频率；how much 多少，用于提问不可数名词的数量或价格；how long 多长/多久，用于提问时间长度或物体长度。根据“water（水）”是不可数名词，可知应用 how much 来提问其数量。故应填 How much。 2. ________ people are there in your family? A. How many B. How far C. How often D. How much 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你家里有多少人？ how many 多少，用于提问可数名词复数的数量；how far 多远，用于提问距离；how often 多久一次，用于提问频率；how much 多少，用于提问不可数名词的数量或价格。根据“people（人）”是可数名词复数，可知应用 how many 来提问其数量。故应填 How many。 3. ________ kinds of flowers do you have? A. How often B. How much C. How long D. How many 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你有几种花？ how often 多久一次，用于提问频率；how much 多少，用于提问不可数名词的数量或价格；how long 多长/多久，用于提问时间长度或物体长度；how many 多少，用于提问可数名词复数的数量。根据“kinds（种类）”是可数名词复数（kind的复数形式），可知应用 how many 来提问其数量。故应填 How many。 一、根据所给提示填空 1. I like music and I play the ________ (吉他) in the school band. 【答案】guitar 【解析】句意：我喜欢音乐，我在学校乐队里弹吉他。汉语提示“吉他”对应的单词为guitar。play the guitar意为“弹吉他”，固定搭配。 2. John always keeps his word so you can ________ (信任) him. 【答案】trust 【解析】句意：约翰总是言出必行，所以你可以信任他。结合汉语提示及语境可知，“信任”的英文表达为trust，为实义动词，且情态动词后应用其动词原形。故填trust。 3. It is important to be ________ (诚实的) when you make friends. 【答案】honest 【解析】句意：交朋友时诚实是很重要的。honest“诚实的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填honest。 4. Mr Wang is a ________ (有耐心的) teacher and he is popular at school. 【答案】patient 【解析】句意：王老师是一位有耐心的老师，他在学校很受欢迎。patient“有耐心的”，是形容词，此处作定语。故填patient。 5. Lisa is a ________ (体贴的) girl. She always remembers my birthday. 【答案】caring 【解析】句意：莉萨是个体贴的女孩。她总是记得我的生日。根据提示可知，“体贴的”可使用形容词“caring”。故填caring。 6. ________ (友谊) is very important in life. 【答案】Friendship 【解析】句意：友谊在生活中非常重要。根据汉语提示“友谊”可知，其对应英文为“friendship”，此处作为不可数名词使用，在句中作主语。因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Friendship。 7. I had the ________ (想法) of visiting my grandparents this weekend. 【答案】thought 【解析】句意：我原本打算这个周末去看望我的祖父母。thought“想法”，have the thought of“有……的想法、打算……”。故填thought。 8. Thanks for giving me the ________ (勇气) to stand up. 【答案】courage 【解析】句意：谢谢你给我勇气站起来。courage“勇气”，是名词，常用搭配为“give sb. the courage to do sth.”，表示“给某人做某事的勇气”，符合句意。故填courage。 二、单项选择 1. (2024-2025·广东广州·单元）Charlie Chaplin became one of ________ actors of his day. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 【答案】D 【解析】句意：查理·卓别林成为他那个时代最受欢迎的演员之一。 根据固定句型“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”可知，此处应用最高级，且最高级前需加定冠词the。应填the most popular。 2. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）一________ is it from your home to school? —About 2.5 kilometers. A. How long B. How far C. How many D. How often 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？ ——大约2.5公里。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久 (问时间长度)，多长 (问物体长度)；How far多远，询问距离；How many多少，询问可数名词的数量；How often多久一次，询问频率。答句“About 2.5 kilometers.”表示距离，询问距离时用“How far”。故选B。 3. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—________ is Jeremy Lin? —He is a famous Asian-American basketball player. A. Where B. Why C. What D. How old 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——Jeremy Lin是谁？——他是一位著名的亚裔美国篮球运动员。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么；How old多大年纪。根据答句“He is a famous Asian-American basketball player.”可知，此处是在询问Jeremy Lin是谁，所以应该用What来提问。故选C。 4. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）—______ do you want to celebrate your birthday, Lina? —Mum, can I have a birthday party and invite all my friends? A. What B. Where C. How D. Who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——Lina，你想怎样庆祝你的生日？——妈妈，我可以举办一个生日派对并邀请我所有的朋友吗？ 考查特殊疑问句。what什么；where哪里；how怎样；who谁。根据答语“have a birthday party and invite all my friends”可知，此处询问庆祝生日的方式，故选C。 5. (2025-2026·广东广州·期中）Lily is a top student in our class and she is good _______ every subject. A. for B. to C. at D. with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：莉莉是我们班的尖子生，她擅长每一门学科。 考查固定短语。be good for对……有好处；be good to对……友好；be good at擅长……；be good with与……相处得好。根据“Lily is a top student in our class”可知，她擅长每一门学科，故选C。 6. (2024-2025·广东广州·期中）—________ is your English teacher? —The woman in red. A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——谁是你的英语老师？——穿红衣服的那个女人。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。Who谁，对人进行提问；What什么，对事物或职业等进行提问；Which哪一个，通常用于在多个选项中进行选择；Where哪里，对地点进行提问。答语回答的是具体的人，所以应该用Who提问。故选A。 7. (2024-2025·广东广州·期中）— ________ do you go to the cinema, Steve? — By bus. A. When B. How long C. How D. How often 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——史蒂夫，你怎么去电影院？——乘公交车。 考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how long多久；how怎么样；how often多久一次。根据“By bus.”可知，此处询问的是方式，应用how。故选C。 8. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）—The meeting is starting soon, but Lisa didn’t ________. —Let’s call her to ask why she is late. A. pick up B. take off C. clean up D. come along 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——会议马上要开始了，但莉萨还没出现。——我们给她打电话问问她为什么迟到吧。 考查动词短语。pick up捡起；take off起飞；clean up打扫干净；come along出现。根据“Let’s call her to ask why she is late.”可知，莉萨还没“出现”。故选D。 9. (2024-2025·广东广州·期末）I ________ have any green hair clips (发夹). ________ hair clip is it? A. do; Who B. don’t; Who’s C. don’t; Who D. don’t; Whose 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我没有任何绿色的发夹。这是谁的发夹？ 考查否定句和疑问代词。第一空，根据“any”可知句子是否定句，主语“I”是第一人称，助动词用“don’t”；第二空，修饰“hair clip”，表示“谁的”，需要表示所属关系的疑问代词“Whose”。故选D。 10. —________ does your brother like the pet snake? —Because he thinks it’s exciting. A. Why B. What C. How D. Where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你弟弟为什么喜欢宠物蛇？——因为他觉得它很刺激。 考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么；What什么；How如何；Where在哪里。根据答语“Because he thinks it’s exciting.”可知，此处询问原因，A项符合。故选A。 三、句型转换 1. There are two bathrooms in my flat.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ bathrooms are there in your flat? 【答案】 How many 【解析】句意：我的公寓里有两个卫生间。划线部分为“two”，表示数量，修饰的是可数名词复数“bathrooms”，对可数名词的数量进行提问，用How many“多少”提问。 2. My English teacher is Ms. Liu. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ English teacher? 【答案】Who is your 【解析】句意：我的英语老师是刘女士。划线部分Ms. Liu是人，对人提问用疑问词who，放句首首字母大写；原句含有be动词is，变特殊疑问句直接将is放在疑问词之后；陈述句中的形容词性物主代词my在问句中要改为your。 3. He studies online because it is convenient.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he study online? 【答案】 Why does 【解析】句意：他选择网上学习，因为这样很方便。原句中“because it is convenient”表示原因，对原因提问要用疑问词Why。本句是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，变特殊疑问句需要借助助动词does。故填Why；does。 4. My birthday is on June 2nd.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ your birthday? 【答案】When is 【解析】句意：我的生日是6月2日。划线部分“on June 2nd”表示具体日期，对时间提问需使用特殊疑问词When，原句中含有系动词is，变问句时需将is提至主语之前，应填When；is。 5. The keys are under the sofa.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ the keys? 【答案】Where are 【解析】句意：钥匙在沙发下面。划线部分为“under the sofa”，这里是提问地点，用疑问词where来提问，原句主语是“the keys”，谓语动词是“are”，故①填Where；②填are。 6. I watch TV twice a week. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ do you watch TV? 【答案】How often 【解析】句意：我一周看两次电视。原句中划线部分“twice a week”意为“一周两次”，表示动作发生的频率。对频率（多久一次）提问需要使用特殊疑问词组How often。故填How；often。 7. We stayed there for three days. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ did you stay there? 【答案】How long 【解析】句意：我们在那里待了三天。原句中“for three days”，表示一段时间，对时间段或时长提问，需使用特殊疑问词组How long。 8. People usually eat turkey at Christmas in Western countries.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ people usually ________ at Christmas in Western countries? 【答案】 What do eat 【解析】句意：在西方国家，人们通常在圣诞节吃火鸡。划线部分“turkey”（火鸡）是物，对物提问使用特殊疑问词What。原句时态为一般现在时，主语People是复数，变疑问句需借助助动词do，置于主语之前。助动词do后面动词需用原形，即eat。应填What；do；eat。 四、阅读理解 A Should Good Friends Be the Same or Different? Many teenagers talk about this hot topic on school forums these days. Two 14-year-old students, Mia and Zoe, share their ideas. Mia and Zoe are best friends, but they are totally different. Mia is quieter and more careful. She likes reading and painting. She spends most of her free time in the school library. However, Zoe is much more outgoing and athletic. She loves running and playing badminton. Every afternoon, she practices sports on the playground. At first, some classmates told them they could not get on well because they had few similar hobbies. But the two girls proved those words wrong. Mia helps Zoe with her English reading tasks. Zoe takes Mia to do sports to keep healthy, because Mia is weak and easily gets tired. Zoe says, “My quiet friend teaches me to slow down and enjoy reading. I become more patient than before.” Mia also feels happy about their friendship. “Zoe brings me energy. I used to be shy and afraid of talking with new people, but now I am a little sociable and brave.” We don’t need friends who are exactly like ourselves. Differences don’t break friendship. Instead, they help both people grow and become better versions of themselves. 1. Where can we read this passage? A. A science textbook. B. Teenager Weekly. C. A sports poster. D. A cooking magazine. 2. What does the underlined word “sociable” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 安静内向的 B. 善于交际的 C. 粗心大意的 D. 勤奋好学的 3. What do Mia and Zoe do to help each other? A. Mia teaches Zoe to play badminton. B. Zoe helps Mia finish her painting work. C. Mia helps Zoe with English reading, and Zoe takes Mia to exercise. D. They study math together in the library every day. 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Mia and Zoe have lots of the same hobbies. B. All classmates think Mia and Zoe can’t be good friends. C. Doing sports makes Mia stronger and more outgoing. D. Zoe becomes quieter and hates sports after making friends with Mia. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Two girls with big differences can still be good friends and make progress together. B. Outgoing students are more popular at school than quiet ones. C. Students must make friends who have the same hobbies. D. Reading and sports are the most useful hobbies for teenagers. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 【导语】本文通过介绍性格爱好截然不同的青少年好友Mia和Zoe互相帮助、共同成长的经历，说明好朋友不必完全一致，差异反而能推动双方成为更好的自己。 【解析】1. 根据第一段“Many teenagers talk about this hot topic on school forums these days. Two 14-year-old students, Mia and Zoe, share their ideas.”可知文章围绕青少年热议的交友话题展开，主角是两名14岁的学生，内容贴合青少年群体的生活；B项《青少年周报》专门刊登适合中学生阅读的校园热点文章。 2. 画线词所在句“I used to be shy and afraid of talking with new people, but now I am a little sociable and brave.”提到Mia过去很害羞，害怕和陌生人交谈，现在变得勇敢，是和过去的状态形成正向转变，故“sociable”对应B项“善于交际的”。 3. 原文第三段明确提到“Mia helps Zoe with her English reading tasks. Zoe takes Mia to do sports to keep healthy”可知，Mia帮助Zoe做英文阅读任务，Zoe带Mia运动。 4. 根据“Zoe takes Mia to do sports to keep healthy, because Mia is weak and easily gets tired.”和“but now I am a little sociable and brave.”可知Mia原本体弱容易疲惫、怕和陌生人交流，Zoe带她运动之后，她变得更有活力、更勇敢，可推断出运动让Mia更强健也更外向。 5. 通读全文可知，文章通过Mia和Zoe这对性格爱好差异很大的好友的故事，点明朋友不必完全相同，差异能推动彼此成长进步的核心，与A项“两个差异很大的女孩仍然可以成为好朋友，并且共同进步”相符。 B (2025-2026·广东深圳·期中） At Shenzhen Middle School, we have a special programme called “Global Friends”. Last month, I got a pen pal from Canada named Emma. We send emails to each other every week. Emma is 13, just like me. She told me about her school life in Toronto (多伦多). Her classes start at 8:30 a.m., while ours begin at 7:50. She has snowy days in winter, but we have rainy days in Shenzhen! We also share hobbies. Emma loves painting and sent me a drawing of maple leaves. I sent her a picture of Shenzhen Bay Park. We even made a project together: a poster comparing (比较) Canadian and Chinese festivals. Our teacher displayed it in the school hallway! Sometimes we help each other with homework. Emma explained English idioms (俚语) to me, and I taught her simple Chinese phrases. Last Friday, we had our first video call. We laughed while trying to pronounce each other’s names correctly. Having an international friend makes the world feel smaller and more interesting! Now I realize that even with different languages and traditions, teenagers everywhere share common dreams. This friendship isn’t just fun—it teaches me to see the world with a bigger heart. 1. Where is the writer’s pen pal from? A. Canada. B. Australia. C. Japan. D. England. 2. What did Emma tell me about? A. Her classes. B. Snowy days. C. Rainy days. D. Her school life. 3. What does the underlined word “displayed” in paragraph 3 mean? A. 售卖 B. 展示 C. 给予 D. 布置 4. What did Emma send to the writer? A. A photo of Shenzhen Bay. B. Lychee-flavoured candy. C. A drawing of maple leaves. D. Mooncakes. 5. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. The writer plans to visit Canada soon. B. Emma will move to Shenzhen next year. C. Video calls are more fun than email exchanges. D. Cultural differences don’t stop teenagers sharing common dreams. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了作者与加拿大笔友Emma的跨国友谊，分享了彼此的学校生活、爱好与互助经历，感悟到文化差异无法阻挡青少年的共同梦想，也让自己以更宽广的视角看待世界。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Last month, I got a pen pal from Canada named Emma.”可知，作者的笔友来自加拿大。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“She told me about her school life in Toronto (多伦多).”可知，Emma告诉了作者她的学校生活。故选D。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“Our teacher displayed it in the school hallway!”结合语境，“it”指代前文提到的“比较中加节日的海报”，海报应被“展示”在学校走廊，因此“displayed”意为“展示”。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Emma loves painting and sent me a drawing of maple leaves.”可知，Emma送给作者一幅枫叶画。故选C。 5. 推理判断题。根据“Now I realize that even with different languages and traditions, teenagers everywhere share common dreams.”可知，即使有不同的语言和传统（即文化差异），各地的青少年也有共同的梦想，可推断文化差异不会阻止青少年分享共同的梦想。故选D。 五、完形填空 (2025-2026·广东深圳·期末） Mario was an outgoing (爱交际的) boy. He had many friends and always enjoyed being 1 at school. One day, seeing Mario having fun with his friends, his grandfather thought for a moment and said to Mario, “I have a big bag of 2 for you, but first, would you like to play a game to see who your real friends are?” Mario agreed (同意) but didn’t 3 how to find that out. His grandfather then gave him a “magic invisible (看不见的) chair”. “If you can sit on the chair at school, it will show you your real 4 ,” his grandfather said. At school, Mario gathered his friends in a circle. He tried to sit on the invisible 5 . But he fell down. Then he tried again and again, but kept falling. Some classmates even 6 him. But Mario tried one last time and 7 . He felt like he was sitting in mid-air! Looking around, he saw his three best friends. Without saying anything, they were holding him up 8 so he wouldn’t fall. They all looked worried.However, the other “friends” just watched and laughed. Mario finally 9 something. Real friends care about you and help you when you have problems. They don’t laugh at you. He learnt this 10 lesson about friendship. That night, the four children had great fun eating the snacks from Mario’s grandfather at his home. 1. A. honest B. popular C. patient D. single 2. A. snacks B. toys C. books D. collections 3. A. explain B. introduce C. remember D. know 4. A. features B. friends C. differences D. classmates 5. A. box B. bed C. chair D. desk 6. A. competed with B. laughed at C. waited for D. listened to 7. A. cried B. moved C. succeeded D. appeared 8. A. happily B. carelessly C. quietly D. lightly 9. A. realized B. improved C. packed D. described 10. A. easy B. similar C. famous D. valuable 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. D 【导语】本文主要讲马里奥通过一把隐形椅子测试朋友，发现真心朋友会在困难时帮助自己、不嘲笑自己，懂得了友谊的真谛。 【解析】1. 句意：他朋友很多，在学校很受欢迎。 一个性格外向且朋友很多的人，在学校里通常会受到大家的欢迎。popular“受欢迎的”符合语境；honest诚实的，patient耐心的，single单一的，都不合适。 2. 句意：我有一大袋零食送给你，但是首先，你想玩个游戏来看看谁是你真正的朋友吗？ 文章最后一句出现“eating the snacks”，提到孩子们吃了爷爷给Mario的零食，因此爷爷说的是一大包零食，选snacks“零食”前后呼应。 3. 句意：马里奥同意了，但不知道怎样分辨真心朋友。 Mario虽然同意玩游戏，但他心里是迷茫的，他不知道具体该怎么做才能分辨真假朋友。know“知道”符合“不知道如何找出真相”的语境。 4. 句意：如果你能坐在学校的椅子上，它会帮你看出谁是你真正的朋友。 爷爷的话前后对应，前面问“谁是你真正的朋友”，后面说椅子会展示你真正的“朋友”。friends“朋友”直接对应 5. 句意：他试着坐在那把看不见的椅子上。 上文爷爷给了他一把“invisible chair”（隐形椅子），原词复现；box盒子，bed床，desk桌子不符合语境。 6. 句意：有些同学甚至嘲笑他。 Mario不断摔倒，一些同学甚至嘲笑他，对应后文其他朋友笑着旁观，laughed at“嘲笑”符合语境。 7. 句意：马里奥最后试了一次，成功了。 前文Mario一直摔倒，最后他感觉自己坐在空中说明他成功了，succeeded“成功”符合语境。 8. 句意：他们什么也没说，静静地托着他，不让他摔倒。 前文提到三个好朋友什么也没说，因此他们静静地托住Mario不让他摔倒，quietly“安静地”符合语境。 9. 句意：马里奥终于明白了一个道理。 看完一切后，他意识到、明白了什么是真正的朋友，realized“意识到”符合语境。 10. 句意：他学到了关于友谊宝贵的一课。 这是一个关于友谊的重要教训，所以是valuable“宝贵的” 一课。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $