Unit 4 information technology 提升作业第四套-2027届高三英语北师大版必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦基础语法与语篇能力，通过系统性代词规则整理、词性转换技巧及语篇逻辑分析，强化语言能力与思维品质，适配一轮复习夯实基础需求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句填空|10题|词性转换（名→形/副）、固定搭配（be suitable for）|从词汇基础到语境应用，构建“词根→词性→搭配”逻辑链| |代词变化|10题|代词格（名物代/反身代）、it作形式宾语|通过规则表格系统呈现“人称→物主→反身”代词体系| |阅读理解|4题|细节定位、推理判断|以天文现象文本为例，训练“信息提取→逻辑推理”思维| |七选五|5题|上下文连贯（承上启下）|依托旅行话题，强化“语境线索→语义衔接”语篇能力|

高中英语提升作业第4套 一．单句填空 1.This method of measurement is ______(suit) for most island waters and coastal areas. 2.Much to my surprise, she burst into tears ______ (instant) she read the letter. 3.In South America, you can expect ______ (hug) when you meet someone. 4.The hotel is in a lovely ______ (locate) overlooking the lake. 5.A friend told me I might find some ____________ (accommodate) here. 6.It is said that the film can't be shown in the mainland because there are so many violent scenes in it, which are ______ (harm) to children's mental health. 7.If something makes a ______ (favour) impression on you, you may like it and approve of it. 8.She signaled to her students to exit the classroom in an______ (order) line. 9.Our planet's wildlife is dying out at an______  (alarm) rate. 10.Everyone has to show their ________(identify) card when they buy a train ticket in China. 二．代词变化 1.If your heart breaks like ______ （ I） at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever，please take action. 2. My Chinese book is on the desk and __________ (her) is in the drawer. 3 .When our washing machine broke, our neighbours let us use __________ (their). 4.Poets would like to use many different forms of poetry to convey _______（they）. 5.They volunteered for the new committee and proudly declared __________(they) its core members. 6.It is hard _____________ (produce) enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. 7.For another thing, due to the Amazon's hot climate, it is difficult for the soil ________(build) up enough nutrients. 8.I would appreciate ____________ if you could take my application into consideration. 9.The professor considers _________ no use reading without understanding. 10._______ (they) coming to help us when we were struggling with the aftermath of the storm was a great comfort. 三．阅读理解  Unusually bright light in the sky that appeared suddenly last June has got astronomers in great excitement. After months of study, they still aren't sure what the object—universally referred to as the "Cow"—is. Whatever it is, says astronomer Liliana Rivera Sandoval of Texas Tech University in Lubbock, "It's super strange and we are obsessed with its study."  The Cow first appeared in telescope observations on 16 June 2018, in what turned out to be a small galaxy about 200 million light years away. "When we saw that we thought, let's get on this," says Daniel Perley, an astronomer at Liverpool John Moores University.      The early observations confirmed the Cow was truly strange. It didn't show the obvious changes in its light output that an exploding star would make. Sandoval says as soon as she and colleagues knew the Cow was truly distant, they requested time on NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory to see what the Cow was doing in X-rays. Although the X-ray brightness varied over the early weeks, "the spectrum (光谱) didn't change, which is very unusual," she notes. After 3 weeks, the X-ray signal began to vary more wildly while also dropping off in brightness.      Many astronomers agree that the long and steady duration of the event means that it was powered after an initial explosion by some form of central engine. But what that engine may be is also far from clear. Some argue that it could be a very unusual star whose central part has collapsed (坍塌) inward after it exploded. Others say it is a tidal disruption event—a star being torn apart by a black hole. But that usually requires the supermassive black hole in the center of a galaxy, and the Cow is situated in its galaxy's arm. So, some say, it could be a tidal disruption event generated by an intermediate mass black hole, although evidence for the existence of such smaller black holes remains controversial. "All explanations have problems," Sandoval says. "I hope there are more Cows." 1.What is astronomers' main concern about the Cow? A. When it appears. B. How it forms. C. What it is. D. Where it is from. 2.What can be inferred in Paragraph 3? A. The Cow is a not typical exploding star in the galaxy. B. The changes of the X-rays brightness proved the Cow was unique. C. The Cow is not far from the Earth and easy to study. D. The X-ray test helped find accurate features of the Cow. 3.What do Sandoval's words at the end of the text probably mean? A. The research results help little. B. More Cows will appear. C. Extra attention should be paid to the Cow. D. More information is needed. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Astronomers conducted an intriguing experiment at NASA. B. The Cow has aroused astronomers' passion in its research. C. There exists a wide range of changes in the galaxies. D. The discovery of the Cow is a great achievement. 四．七选五 Why are you doing this? I often hear that or similar questions. Many people don't understand why I like travelling by bicycle.   (1)   But for me, it's the best way to travel.      When I sit on the bike, I am free and flexible. I can stop at any time to eat or start the stove to enjoy a coffee with breathtaking views. I'm not dependent on bus or train.   (2)   I come to places I would never have seen. My bike makes it possible for me not to plan beforehand, which leaves space for adventure. Because adventures don't come around the corner during a planned hotel-vacation.      I am in the nature the whole day. The wind blows across my face.   (3)   I see monkeys hanging directly above me in the tree, whales swimming along the coast, a bear waving at us and many more animals. Smelling the blackberries, I'm stopping to fill my stomach. In the car, bus or train, I would have missed all of these.        (4)   Some long-term cyclists spend 4,000 dollars per year or less. And I spend about 350—450 dollars a month. This is due to two reasons: I have no transport costs. And I also have the freedom of wild camping, during which I can cook for myself. All these factors contribute to a cheap travel.      I could tell hundreds of stories. Because of getting to know so many people, I have experienced a lot. The travel form itself invites many to ask questions. And the best thing about it is that all these stories make me rich. I'm rich in memories, of which I always think with laughter.   (5)    A. I listen to the birds singing. B. And they think it's so tiring. C. It will change the way you see the world. D. I can decide for myself when and where to go. E. Before my start, I was fascinated by the bike touring community. F. Nobody can ever take them away and they are of great value to me. G. Compared to other travel forms, bike touring is one of the most affordable. B2U4阅读单词1（自测） 1．app 2．self-focused 3．download 4．avatar 5．identity 6．digitise 7．sex 8．sensible 9．blog 10．hairstyle 11．virtual 12．subscribe 13．sailor 14．wristband 15．MR 16．software 17．device 18．mobile 19．button 20．gender 21．goods 22．error 23．trivial 24．tablet 25．emoji 26．thought-provoking 27．authority 28．profile 29．fantasy 英语练字纸 代词规则整理 人称代词 物主代词 类别 主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性物 主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 I we 第二 人称 you you 第三 人称 he she it 英语提升作业第四套答案 一．单句填空 1.【答案】suitable 【解析】句意：这种测量方法适用于大多数岛屿水域和沿海地区。分析句子结构可知，设空处应是形容词作表语，构成固定短语be suitable for意为“适合……，适用于……”。故填suitable。 2.【答案】instantly 【解析】句意：让我很惊讶的是，她一读到这封信就开始大哭。根据句意及句子结构，要填入instantly“一……就……”，与the instant引导从句功能相同。引导时间状语从句。故填instantly。 3.【答案】to be hugged 【解析】​句意：在南美洲，当你遇到某人时，你会被拥抱。固定短语expect to do sth.“期待做某事”。由句子结构和句意可知，此处表示被拥抱，所以需用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be hugged。 4.【答案】location 【解析】句意：这家旅馆坐落在一个可以俯瞰湖面的好地方。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作介词in的宾语，提示词locate的名词形式为location，意为“位置，地点”。故填location。 5.【答案】accommodations 【解析】句意：一位朋友告诉我，我可能会在这里找到一些住所。accommodation住所，因前面由some修饰，故用复数形式。故填accommodations。 6.【答案】harmful 【解析】句意：据说这部电影不能在大陆上映，因为里面有太多的暴力镜头，这对孩子的心理健康是有害的。harm动词/名词，“伤害”，形容词是harmful，本空位于be动词，应该用形容词作表语，be harmful to“对……有害”，符合句意。故填harmful。 7.【答案】favourable|favorable 【解析】句意：如果某件事给你留下了良好的印象，你可能会喜欢它并赞同它。分析句子可知，此空修饰名词应用形容词；提示词favour的形容词形式为favourable|favorable，意为“有利的；赞成的”，符合题意。故填favourable|favorable。 8.【答案】orderly 【解析】根据空前的不定冠词an和空后的名词line可知，设空处应该用提示词的形容词形式；orderly“有秩序的，整齐的”，形容词。故填orderly。 9.【答案】alarming 【解析】句意：我们星球上的野生动物正在以惊人的速度灭绝。分析句子可知，此处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词rate，指事物，应用-ing结尾的形容词修饰；结合提示词，alarming表示“令人担忧的”，符合语境。故填alarming。 10.【答案】identity 二．代词变化 1.【答案】mine 【解析】根据"your heart breaks like"可知，句中要表达"你的心和我的心一样破碎"，故空处应填名词性物主代词mine"我的"作宾语。 故填：mine。 如果一想到我们不可替代的遗产将永远失去，你的心就像我的心一样破碎，请采取行动。 2.【答案】hers 3.【答案】theirs 4.【答案】themselves 【解析】句意：诗人们喜欢用许多不同形式的诗歌来表达他们自己。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空应填入一个反身代词作宾语，表示“他们自己”，结合所给的单词they他们，主格形式，其对应的反身代词是themselves；因此填入themselves。 5.【答案】themselves 【解析】句意：他们自愿加入新委员会，并自豪地宣布自己是该委员会的核心成员。分析可知，此处是宾语，与主语They一致，要用反身代词。故填themselves。 6.【答案】to produce 【解析】句意：因为研究资源有限，所以生产足够用于大规模试验的青蒿提取物是很困难的。句子的主体结构是“ It + be + adj. + to do sth.”，这是一个常用的句型，其中“ It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填 to produce。 7.【答案】to build 8.【答案】it 【解析】此处是固定句型，I would appreciate it if...， appreciate后面不能直接加if引导的宾语从句，先加it做形式宾语，再加从句，故填it。 9. 【答案】it 10.【答案】Their 【解析】分析句子结构可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词，修饰动名词coming，且置于句首，故填Their。 三．阅读理解 【答案】C、A、D、B 【解析】【文章大意】文章主要讲了一个新出现在天空的发光体引起天文学家的极大关注，但对它的观察结论却难达成共识。 1. 根据第一段中的After months of study, they still aren't sure what the object—universally referred to as the "Cow"—is.（经过数月的研究，他们仍然不确定这个通常被称为“Cow”的物体是什么。）可知，天文学家们主要关注的是“Cow”是什么。故选C。 2. 根据第三段中的The early observations...star would make. （早期的观察证实Cow确实很奇怪。它并没有显示出爆炸恒星在光输出方面会产生的明显变化。）可知，Cow并不是银河系中典型的爆炸恒星。故选A。 3. 根据最后一段中的So, some say..."I hope there are more Cows."（因此，有人说，这可能是由一个中等质量黑洞引起的潮汐分裂事件，尽管关于这种中等质量黑洞存在的证据仍存在争议。“所有的解释都有问题，”Sandoval说。“我希望有更多的Cow。）可推知，需要有更多的关于Cow的信息才能解决关于Cow的疑问。故选D。 4. 通读文章可知，文章主要讲了一个新出现在遥远星系中的神秘天体引起天文学家的极大关注，但对它的观察结论却难达成共识。B项“Cow激起了天文学家研究它的热情”很好地概括了全文内容。故选B。 四．七选五：【答案】B、D、A、G、F 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢骑车旅行的原因。 1. 根据上文“Many people don’t understand why I like travelling by bicycle.”（许多人不理解我为什么喜欢骑自行车旅行。）提到有人不理解作者为什么喜欢骑自行车旅行。以及下文“But for me, it’s the best way to travel.”（但对我来说，这是最好的旅行方式。）说明对于作者来说骑自行车旅行是最好的旅行方式。结合选项B项And they think it’s so tiring.（他们认为这很累。）可知，they指代前文的Many people，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选B项。 2. 根据上文“I'm not dependent on bus or train.”（我不依赖公共汽车或火车。）说明作者不依赖公共汽车或火车，空格处引出这样引出的结果。结合选项D项I can decide for myself when and where to go.（我可以自己决定何时何地去。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D。 3. 根据上文“I am in the nature the whole day. The wind blows across my face.”（我整天都在大自然中。风吹过我的脸。）讲的是作者在大自然中感受到了情景。以及下文“I see monkeys hanging directly above me in the tree, whales swimming along the coast, a bear waving at us and many more animals.”（我看到猴子正挂在我头顶的树上，鲸鱼沿着海岸游泳，一只熊向我们挥手，还有更多的动物。）可知，讲的还是作者在大自然中看到的各种情景。由此可知，空格处内容应与自然相关。结合选项A项I listen to the birds singing.（我听鸟儿唱歌。）可知，符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选A。 4. 由该句位于该段句首，可知为总结该段内容。该段下文“Some long-term cyclists spend 4,000 dollars per year or less... All these factors contribute to a cheap travel.”（一些长期骑自行车的人每年花费4000美元或更少。我一个月大概花费350到450美元。这是由于两个原因：我没有运输成本。我也有野外露营的自由，在此期间我可以自己做饭。所有这些因素都有助于便宜的旅行。）可知，本段主要讲述了骑车旅行经济实惠。结合选项G项Compared to other travel forms, bike touring is one of the most affordable.（与其他旅行方式相比，自行车旅行是最实惠的一种。）可知，意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选G。 5. 根据上文“And the best thing about it is that all these stories make me rich. I'm rich in memories, of which I always think with laughter.”（最棒的是，这些故事让我变得富有。我有丰富的回忆，我总是笑着想起。）可知，讲的是作者对这些经历感到特别的美好。结合选项F项Nobody can ever take them away and they are of great value to me.（没有人能把它们拿走，它们对我来说很有价值。）可知，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F。 单词自测答案： B2U4阅读单词 1．app n．应用程序 2．self-focused adj.以自我为中心的；关注自我的 3．download vt.下载 4．avatar n．(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标 5．identity n．身份；特征 6．digitise vt.把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化 7．sex n．性别 8．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的 9．blog n．博客；网络日志vi.写博客 10．hairstyle n．发型，发式 11．virtual adj.虚拟的；模拟的 12．subscribe vi.订阅，订购 13．sailor n．水手，海员 14．wristband n．腕带 15．MR (Mixed Reality)混合现实 16．software n．计算机软件 17．device n．设置，装置 18．mobile device移动设备 19．button n．按钮 20．gender n．性别 21．goods n．商品 22．error n．错误；失误 23．trivial adj.没有什么价值的；微不足道的 24．tablet n．平板电脑；药片；碑，牌 25．emoji n．表情符号 26．thought-provoking adj.发人深省的，令人深思的 27．authority n．权威人士；专家 28．profile n．人物简介；传略 29．fantasy n．幻想作品 人称代词 物主代词 类别 主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性物 主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 I me my mine myself we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 you you your yours yourself you you your yours yourselves 第三 人称 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $