Unit 2 Exploring English（复习讲义）英语外研版必修第一册

该高中英语复习讲义围绕外研版必修第一册Unit 2 "Exploring English"，通过表格梳理核心词汇易混点、分类归纳非谓语动词搭配及从句用法，结合构词法（合成、派生、转化）和英美语言文化差异，构建“词汇-语法-文化”三维知识体系，明确非谓语动词高频搭配、定语从句in which结构等重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“分层练习+方法指导”设计，如单词拼写巩固基础词汇，完形填空结合文化语境提升语言运用能力，书面表达（给朋友提汉语学习建议）培养跨文化沟通的语言能力。通过“易错总结”表格辨析confuse/aware等易混词，助力学生精准掌握，既支持基础薄弱学生夯实知识，也为优秀学生拓展文化思维，教师可据此实施针对性复习教学。

外研版必修第一册Unit 2 Exploring English（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.掌握本单元与英语语言特点、文化差异相关的核心词汇与短语，能在语境中正确理解和运用。 2.理解并掌握非谓语动词（动名词）搭配、从句（时间状语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句）的用法，能在句子中准确使用。 3.掌握构词法（合成法、派生法、转化法、缩写词），能识别并拓展词汇。 4.了解英美英语用法差异与固定习语文化，能用所学语言描述语言现象、表达观点。 复习重难点 重点：非谓语动词高频搭配（have trouble doing、look forward to doing 等）、构词法（合成法、派生法）、while 引导的时间状语从句、That is why… 表语从句。 难点：英美英语用法差异辨析、固定习语的语境理解、定语从句 in which 结构的用法。 单元词汇 知识点1：behave 【词性/释义】 v. 表现；举止；行为得体 【单词变形】 名词：behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/n. 举止，行为 形容词：well-behaved adj. 行为端正的；ill-behaved adj. 行为不端的 【固定搭配】 behave oneself 守规矩；举止得体 behave well/badly 表现好/差 【例句】 You must behave yourself at school.（你在学校必须守规矩。） 知识点2：confuse 【词性/释义】 v. 使困惑；混淆 【单词变形】 形容词：confused adj. 感到困惑的；confusing adj. 令人困惑的 名词：confusion n. 困惑；混乱 【固定搭配】 confuse A with B 把 A 和 B 弄混 be confused about 对…… 感到困惑 【例句】 The confusing problem made all students confused.（这道令人困惑的题把所有学生都难住了。） 知识点3：reflect 【词性/释义】 v. 显示，反映；反射；反思 【单词变形】 名词：reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/n. 倒影；反映；反思 形容词：reflective adj. 反思的；反光的 【固定搭配】 reflect on/upon 反思；仔细思考 【例句】 The novel reflects the life of teenagers.（这部小说反映了青少年的生活。） 知识点4：create 【词性/释义】 v. 创造；创作 【单词变形】 形容词：creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 创造（性）的 名词：creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/n. 创造性，创造力；creator n. 创造者 【固定搭配】 create a new way 创造新方法 【例句】 The teacher encouraged us to be creative.（老师鼓励我们发挥创造力。） 知识点5：remind 【词性/释义】 v. 提醒；使…… 想起 【单词变形】 名词：reminder n. 提醒物；提示 【固定搭配】 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 【例句】 This song reminds me of my childhood.（这首歌让我想起了我的童年。） 知识点6：contact 【词性/释义】 v. 联系，联络；n. 联系；接触 【单词变形】 形容词：contactable adj. 可联系的 【固定搭配】 keep in contact with 与…… 保持联系 lose contact with 与…… 失去联系 【例句】 You can contact me by phone if you need help.（如果需要帮助，你可以打电话联系我。） 知识点7：intend 【词性/释义】 v. 计划，打算；想要 【单词变形】 名词：intention n. 意图；打算 形容词：intentional adj. 故意的；有意的 【固定搭配】 intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 【例句】 I intend to study abroad next year.（我打算明年出国留学。） 知识点8：aware 【词性/释义】 adj. 意识到的，明白的 【单词变形】 名词：awareness n. 意识；认识 反义词：unaware adj. 未意识到的 【固定搭配】 be aware of 意识到，察觉到 become aware of 开始意识到 【例句】 We must be aware of the danger.（我们必须意识到危险。） 知识点9：base 【词性/释义】 v. 以…… 为基础；n. 基础；基地 【单词变形】 形容词：basic adj. 基础的；基本的 名词：basis n. 基础（抽象概念） 【固定搭配】 be based on/upon 以…… 为基础 / 依据 base sth. on sth. 把某事建立在某事的基础上 【例句】 The movie is based on a true story.（这部电影改编自一个真实的故事。） 知识点10：comment 【词性/释义】 n. 评论；v. 发表评论 【单词变形】 形容词：commentary n. 评论性报道；解说词 【固定搭配】 make a comment on 对…… 发表评论 comment on/upon 评论…… 【例句】 He refused to comment on the news.（他拒绝对这则新闻发表评论。） 知识点11：likely 【词性/释义】 adj. 可能的，可能发生的；adv. 很可能 【单词变形】 反义词：unlikely adj. 不可能的 【固定搭配】 be likely to do sth. 可能做某事 It is likely that… 很可能…… 【例句】 She is likely to win the competition.（她很可能赢得比赛。） 知识点12：visible 【词性/释义】 adj. 看得见的，可见的；明显的 【单词变形】 名词：vision n. 视力；视野 反义词：invisible adj. 看不见的；无形的 【固定搭配】 clearly visible 清晰可见的 【例句】 The stars are visible on clear nights.（晴朗的夜晚能看到星星。） 【易混总结】 单词 / 短语 正确用法 错误写法 / 用法 易错总结 senior be senior to sb. be senior than sb. 比较级后只用 to，不加 than confuse confusing（修饰物）/confused（修饰人） I am confusing about… -ing 表 “令人… 的”，-ed 表 “感到… 的”，别混用 reflect reflect on/upon（反思）；reflect sth.（反映） reaction sth.；respect sth. 别和 reaction/respect 混淆，高频考 “反映” 义 remind remind sb. of sth. / remind sb. to do remind my childhood 表 “使想起” 接 of，表 “提醒” 接 to do aware be aware of sth. / be aware that… be aware of that… 接名词用 of，接从句不加 of base be based on/upon base on；be based to 被动语态必须用 be based on，不可省略 on burn up / burn down burn up（烧尽，泛指）；burn down（烧毁，多指建筑） burn up the house / burn down the paper 区分使用场景，建筑类用 burn down come across come across（偶然遇见 / 发现） come cross across 是介词，短语固定用 come across intend intend to do sth. intend doing sth. intend 后接不定式 to do，不接动名词 addition in addition；in addition to sth. in addition to do sth. in addition to 后接名词 / 代词，不接动词 单元句型 1. have trouble doing sth. 课文原句：Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 含义：做某事有困难 例句：Students often have trouble understanding different English accents. 2. five-year-old 复合形容词结构 课文原句：…my five-year-old son asked me… 用法：由数词 - 名词（单数）- 形容词构成，作定语修饰名词，中间加连字符，名词用单数形式。 3. while 引导时间状语从句（对比用法） 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car… 用法：while 引导从句，强调动作的持续性，常用来对比两个同时发生的动作。 4. speaking of 引出相关话题 课文原句：And speaking of home, why aren’t homework and housework the same thing? 含义：说到 / 提到……（用于承接上文，引出相关话题） 例句：Speaking of travel, have you booked our hotel yet? 5. wonder at 课文原句：You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language… 含义：对…… 感到惊讶 / 惊叹 6. burn up / burn down 课文原句：…a house can burn up as it burns down… 含义： burn up：烧毁、烧尽（强调彻底化为灰烬） burn down：烧毁（多指建筑物被焚毁） 7. fill in / fill out a form 课文原句：…you fill in a form by filling it out… 含义：两者均表示 “填写表格”，英式常用 fill in，美式常用 fill out，可互换。 8. go off（闹钟 / 警报）响起 课文原句：…an alarm is only heard once it goes off! 含义：（闹钟、警报）发出响声 9. That is why… 句型 课文原句：That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 含义：这就是…… 的原因（解释前文提到的现象） 10. wind up 双重含义 课文原句：…when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends. 含义： 给（钟表 / 机械）上发条 结束（会议、活动、文章等） 例句：I’d like to wind up the meeting soon. / I forget to wind up the clock. 11. play safe 课文原句：People say that the British always play safe with what they eat. 含义：避免冒险；谨慎行事 例句：It’s best to play safe by cooking them. 12. have a frog in one’s throat 课文原句：…she had a frog in her throat. 含义：（因喉咙不适）说话沙哑、困难（习语，不可直译） 例句：I’m supposed to give a presentation today, but I have a frog in my throat! 单元语法：从句类核心语法、非谓语高频考点、构词法 一、非谓语动词高频考点 1.have trouble (in) doing sth. 课文原句：Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 用法：表示 “做某事有困难”，介词in可省略，后面必须接动名词（doing），不能接动词原形。 同类结构还有：have difficulty (in) doing、have problems (in) doing、spend time (in) doing。 2.look forward to doing sth. 课文拓展搭配：look forward to doing 用法：此处的to是介词，后面只能接动名词（doing），不能接动词原形，是考试高频易错点。 3.get sb./sth. doing 结构 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea… 用法：get + 形容词/分词表示 “变得……”，课文中get seasick/airsick/carsick/homesick是固定表达，同时也体现了get后接形容词的用法。 二、从句类核心语法 1.while 引导时间状语从句 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea… 用法：引导持续性动作，从句多使用现在进行时，强调动作正在进行；可用于对比两个同时发生的动作，表 “当…… 的时候，而……”。 2.宾语从句 课文原句： He told us that Maggie couldn’t teach that day… I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad!” 用法：that引导宾语从句，在句中不充当成分，口语中可省略； 从句必须使用陈述语序； 时态呼应：主句为过去时（told/found），从句需使用相应的过去时态（couldn’t teach/had written）。 3.That is why… 表语从句 课文原句：That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 用法：why引导表语从句，用来解释前文现象的 “结果”； 区分：That is because… 用来引出事情发生的 “原因”，两者不可混用。 4.定语从句（in which 结构） 课文原句：You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down… 用法：in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词language，相当于where，表示 “在这种语言中”。 三、构词法（词汇拓展核心） 1.合成法 复合形容词：five-year-old（数词 - 单数名词 - 形容词，中间加连字符，名词必须用单数形式，作定语修饰名词）； 名词合成：eggplant（egg + plant）、homework（home + work）、housework（house + work）、seasick/airsick/carsick/homesick（名词 + -sick）。 2.派生法 前缀否定：visible → invisible（in- 表否定）； 词形转化：动词变名词（create → creativity）、动词变形容词（confuse → confusing/confused）。 3.转化法 课文提到的词性转化：如snow（名词→动词）、rain（名词→动词），词形不变，词性改变。 易错提醒 1.复合形容词：five-year-old（数词 - 单数名词 - 形容词，中间加连字符，名词用单数，作定语） 易错提醒：只能作定语，不能作表语；去掉连字符后名词变复数 five years old，可作表语 2.派生法 前缀否定：visible → invisible（in- 表否定） 易错提醒：否定前缀不可随意乱用，表相反含义牢记固定前缀，不用un -替换in- 词形转化：动词变名词 paint→painting；名词变形容词 mad→madness 易错提醒：注意词性对应拼写，madness是名词，不要误写为madnesses （时间：30分钟） 1、 单词拼写 1．The little girl looks confident, but ________ (实际上) she is very nervous. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】actually 【详解】考查副词。句意：这个小女孩看起来很自信，但实际上她很紧张。根据汉语提示可知，actually实际上，副词作状语修饰空后整个句子，符合题意。故填actually。 2．He is a ________ (有创造力的) designer who always comes up with new ideas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】creative 【详解】句意：他是一位富有创造力的设计师，总是能提出新的想法。“有创造力的”修饰名词designer，用形容词creative作定语。 3．Do you know about the ________ (组织)? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：你了解这个组织吗？“组织”应用名词organization，作about的宾语。 4．She was not_________（意识到的) how deeply he loved her. 【答案】aware 【详解】句意：她并没意识到他爱她有多深。根据汉语提示可知用形容词aware，作表语。 5．He commanded that we _______ (以……为基础) our practice on his theory. 【答案】base 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他命令我们把实践建立在他的理论基础上。Base on以…为基础。根据题意，故填base。 2、 阅读理解 The world where we live is a colorful place with different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. 6 . A way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world. There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. 7 . Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an accurate glimpse into the food, music, language, and way of life of a particular group of people. For example, 8 , she will often read them stories based on folk tales of that culture. Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language. A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs are available at the public library or bookstores. 9 . Making contact with people who are native speakers of the language allows you to gain firsthand knowledge of a particular culture as you struggle to learn the language. 10 . Whether you want to learn more about Japan, the Middle East, Africa, or any other region, becoming familiar with its food is a giant step in the right direction. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain insight into a particular cultural group’s way of life. A．when a student wants to learn more about a different culture B．when a teacher wishes to expose her students to a different culture C．One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture D．Learn about different cultures by tasting food from a specific cultural group E．Gaining an understanding of other cultures benefits both you and other people F．You can choose a language to learn and make use of learning materials to help you master the language G．It’s important to develop an appreciation for different cultures to become a well-rounded person 【答案】6．G 7．C 8．B 9．F 10．D 【导语】本文指出世界文化多元，强调欣赏不同文化的意义，并依次介绍读书、学外语、品尝特色美食三种了解异域文化的途径。 【详解】6．上文“The world where we live is a colorful place with different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. (我们生活的世界丰富多彩，有不同的语言、肤色与多元文化。)”描绘世界文化多样的大背景，下文“A way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world. (培养这种欣赏力的一种方式就是尝试了解世界各地的其他文化。)”提到培养欣赏力的方法。G选项“It’s important to develop an appreciation for different cultures to become a well-rounded person (培养对不同文化的欣赏意识，对成为全面发展的人至关重要)”承接上文的文化多样性，呼应下文的关键词appreciation，引出培养文化欣赏力的可行办法，起到承上启下的作用。 7．上文“There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. (有多种途径可以了解不同文化)”总起本段，说明下文将介绍第一种学习文化的方式。下文“Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an accurate glimpse into the food, music, language, and way of life of a particular group of people. (阅读与特定文化渊源深厚的作家作品，能让人真切了解族群的饮食、音乐、语言与生活方式。)”说明读书对了解文化的作用。C选项“One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture (方法之一是阅读来自某一特定文化的作者撰写的书籍)”承接总起句，点出本段核心途径阅读，引出下文对阅读优势的详细阐述。 8．下文“she will often read them stories based on folk tales of that culture. (她常会给他们读基于该文化民间传说的故事。)”出现人称代词she，说明上文需要出现女性人物单数。B选项“when a teacher wishes to expose her students to a different culture  (当老师想要让学生接触异域文化时)”包含a teacher，对应下文的she，举例说明教师会通过故事普及异域文化，符合语境。 9．上文“A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs are available at the public library or bookstores. (图书馆和书店有各类语言学习书籍、软件与音频资料。)”介绍可获取的语言学习资源。F选项“You can choose a language to learn and make use of learning materials to help you master the language (你可以选定一门语言，借助各类学习资料掌握它)”承接上文的学习资源，给出利用各类资料学语言的建议。 10．下文“Whether you want to learn more about Japan, the Middle East, Africa, or any other region, becoming familiar with its food is a giant step in the right direction. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain insight into a particular cultural group’s way of life. (无论你想了解日本、中东、非洲或是其他地区，熟悉当地美食是重要一步。食物是文化的重要部分，能让人读懂族群生活方式。)”围绕美食了解文化展开说明。D选项“Learn about different cultures by tasting food from a specific cultural group (品尝特定族群的美食来了解多元文化)”放在段首，精准概括本段核心方法，上下文形成“总起观点——详细解释”的总分结构。 3、 完形填空 I look at the notebooks in front of me, filled with my scribbles (潦草的字) of informational texts and short stories in Chinese. It started with textbooks 11 to us by a cousin in China, filled with little notes that offered a quick look into school life there — a life so similar, yet so 12 compared to my American experience. These books became my 13 in reading and writing Chinese. Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied 14 over and over, which became the basis that 15 my proficiency (熟练) far above my classmates’. The 16 was the pain in my fingers, which turned into a lasting 17 of the characters instead. Now I no longer 18 textbooks. I maintain my proficiency in the language by being absorbed in the exciting 19 of online novels. Many of my Chinese American friends and I have fun speaking Mandarin (普通话) sometimes, a language that 20 us of our roots. It’s funny to hear classmates who can write English essays using simple, 21 Mandarin phrases. It’s comforting to know that in this busy city, there’s also a place for me and the 22 I carry inside. Walking through the Chinatown, I can see beyond the English translations of shop signs and 23 the meaning hidden beneath. It feels like being let in on a special secret, a way to 24 a closely connected community and find a moment of calm. When I’m riding back on the bus after a long trip, the sight of bright signs written in familiar 25 tells me more than what’s for sale — it tells me I’m home. 11．A．mailed B．sold C．explained D．written 12．A．professional B．creative C．different D．significant 13．A．judges B．teachers C．audiences D．colleagues 14．A．journals B．letters C．answers D．texts 15．A．raised B．demanded C．represented D．indicated 16．A．response B．origin C．cost D．mission 17．A．value B．desire C．success D．memory 18．A．publish B．select C．collect D．copy 19．A．world B．feature C．event D．news 20．A．cures B．warns C．reminds D．breaks 21．A．big B．correct C．formal D．childish 22．A．talent B．advantage C．language D．opportunity 23．A．confirm B．understand C．promote D．observe 24．A．fit into B．set up C．focus on D．refer to 25．A．patterns B．characters C．styles D．figures 【答案】 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．D 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．B 【导语】文章讲述了一位美籍华裔作者从小借助国内寄来的中文课本反复练习读写中文，最终熟练掌握这门语言，在中文里找到文化归属感、联结自身根脉的温暖成长故事。 【详解】11．考查动词‌。句意：一切始于一位在中国的堂姐寄给我们的课本，书页上写满小字批注，让我得以窥见国内的校园生活——那样的生活与我在美国的经历似曾相识，却又截然不同。A. mailed邮寄；B. sold售卖；C. explained解释；D. written书写。根据空后“by a cousin in China”和下文“compared to my American experience”可知，作者身处美国，课本来自中国的亲戚，跨地域传递物品最合理的方式是邮寄。 12．考查形容词。句意同上。A. professional专业的；B. creative有创造力的；C. different不同的；D. significant重要的。根据上文“a life so similar, yet”可知，yet表示转折，空处和similar意思相反，应是different。 13．考查名词。句意：这些书本成了我学习中文读写的老师。A. judges裁判；B. teachers老师；C. audiences观众；D. colleagues同事。根据下文“in reading and writing Chinese”可知，书本用来学习中文阅读写作，充当教导自己的角色，对应teachers。 14．考查名词。句意：童年大部分时光里，我一小时接一小时地反复抄写课文，这份反复抄写打下的基础，让我的中文水平远超同班同学‌。A. journals日志；B. letters信件；C. answers答案；D. texts文本，课文。根据上文“filled with my scribbles (潦草的字) of informational texts”和“It started with textbooks ______ to us by a cousin in China,”可知，此处是信息词texts的词汇复现，指课本里的课文。 15．考查动词。句意：童年大部分时光里，我一小时接一小时地反复抄写课文，这份反复抄写打下的基础，让我的中文水平远超同班同学。A. raised提升；B. demanded要求；C. represented代表；D. indicated表明。根据上文“Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied ________ over and over,”可知，反复抄写练习带来的结果是语言水平得到提升。 16．考查名词。句意：练字付出的代价是手指酸痛，可这份酸痛最终化作了关于汉字难以磨灭的记忆。A. response回应；B. origin起源；C. cost代价；D. mission使命。根据下文“the pain in my fingers”可知，长时间抄写带来的身体酸痛是练习过程中需要付出的代价。 17．考查名词。句意同上。A. value价值；B. desire渴望；C. success成功；D. memory记忆。根据上文“Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied ________ over and over,”可知，反复抄写的最终效果是让汉字在脑海里留下深刻的长期记忆。 18．考查动词。句意：现在我不再‌抄写‌课本了。A. publish出版；B. select选择；C. collect收集；D. copy抄写。根据上文“Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied ________ over and over,”可知，上文童年阶段的核心行为是反复抄写课文。 19．考查名词。句意：我沉浸在精彩纷呈的网络小说世界里，以此保持自己的中文熟练度。A. world世界；B. feature特点；C. event事件；D. news新闻。根据下文“online novels”可知，网络小说构建出的是一个精彩纷呈的世界。 20．考查动词。句意：我和许多华裔美国朋友偶尔会开心地说起普通话，这门语言提醒着我们自己的根源。A. cures治愈；B. warns警告；C. reminds提醒；D. breaks打破。根据下文“our roots ”可知，此处表示提醒着自己的根源是什么。remind sb. of sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某事”。 21．考查形容词。句意：有些同学能写出流畅的英文作文，说起普通话却只会用简单幼稚的词句，听着实在有趣。A. big大的；B. correct正确的；C. formal正式的；D. childish幼稚的。空处和simple表达一致，此处暗含对比，英文写作水平高，普通话表达浅显幼稚，形成反差。 22．考查名词。句意：身处这座喧嚣的城市，知晓这里还有一处容得下我，也容得下我心中珍藏的母语，这让我倍感安心。A. talent天赋；B. advantage优势；C. language语言；D. opportunity机会。全文围绕中文这门语言展开叙述，此处指代的就是作者一直学习的中文。 23．考查动词。句意：漫步唐人街时，我能越过商铺招牌上的英文译文，读懂文字背后深藏的含义。A. confirm确认；B. understand理解；C. promote推广；D. observe观察。根据上文“my proficiency (熟练) far above my classmates’”可知，作者熟练掌握中文，能读懂招牌上汉字的深层意思。 24．考查动词短语。句意：这种感觉就像知晓了一个专属秘密，让我融入紧密相连的华人社群，寻得片刻内心安宁。A. fit into融入；B. set up建立；C. focus on专注于；D. refer to指代。根据上文“I can see beyond the English translations of shop signs and ________ the meaning hidden beneath.”可知，读懂中文招牌能让作者自然地融入当地的华人社群。 25．考查名词。句意：漫长出行后搭乘返程公交时，映入眼帘的、印着熟悉汉字的亮眼招牌，传递给我的远不止商铺售卖的商品——它在告诉我：我到家了。A. patterns模式；B. characters汉字；C. styles风格；D. figures数字。全文的核心描述对象是中文汉字，此处对应唐人街招牌上的中文汉字。 四、书面表达 26．假定你是李华。你国外的朋友Lisa想学好汉语，但有些困难。请你给她写一封信，给她提一些建议，内容要点如下：（1）树立信心，继续努力；（2）收听汉语节目，看汉语电视节目和电影；（3）多练习，多实践。 注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Lisa, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I believe you’ll make great progress. Best wishes. Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Lisa, I’m sorry to hear that you’re having some difficulties in learning Chinese. Don’t be discouraged! Here are a few suggestions that I hope will help you. First of all, it’s essential to build up your confidence and keep working hard. Learning a new language is never easy, but a positive attitude makes a big difference. Besides, you can try to improve your listening and comprehension skills by listening to Chinese radio programs and watching Chinese TV shows and movies. This is also a fun way to learn about Chinese culture. Most importantly, practice makes perfect. Seize every chance to practice what you’ve learned. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when you speak. The more you practice, the more fluent you will become. I believe you’ll make great progress. Best wishes. Yours truly, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇建议信，要求考生给朋友Lisa写信，针对她学习汉语遇到的困难，从树立信心、利用媒体资源以及多加实践三个方面提出合理的建议。 【详解】词汇积累 困难：difficulty→predicament 学习：learn→acquire 建议：suggestion→recommendation 相信：believe→be convinced 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：First of all, it’s essential to build up your confidence and keep working hard. 拓展句：To begin with, cultivating unwavering confidence constitutes the fundamental prerequisite, complemented by sustained and unremitting endeavor. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning a new language is never easy, but a positive attitude makes a big difference.（运用了动名词短语做主语） 【高分句型2】Seize every chance to practice what you’ve learned.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版必修第一册Unit 2 Exploring English（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.掌握本单元与英语语言特点、文化差异相关的核心词汇与短语，能在语境中正确理解和运用。 2.理解并掌握非谓语动词（动名词）搭配、从句（时间状语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句）的用法，能在句子中准确使用。 3.掌握构词法（合成法、派生法、转化法、缩写词），能识别并拓展词汇。 4.了解英美英语用法差异与固定习语文化，能用所学语言描述语言现象、表达观点。 复习重难点 重点：非谓语动词高频搭配（have trouble doing、look forward to doing 等）、构词法（合成法、派生法）、while 引导的时间状语从句、That is why… 表语从句。 难点：英美英语用法差异辨析、固定习语的语境理解、定语从句 in which 结构的用法。 单元词汇 知识点1：behave 【词性/释义】 v. 表现；举止；行为得体 【单词变形】 名词：behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/n. 举止，行为 形容词：well-behaved adj. 行为端正的；ill-behaved adj. 行为不端的 【固定搭配】 behave oneself 守规矩；举止得体 behave well/badly 表现好/差 【例句】 You must behave yourself at school.（你在学校必须守规矩。） 知识点2：confuse 【词性/释义】 v. 使困惑；混淆 【单词变形】 形容词：confused adj. 感到困惑的；confusing adj. 令人困惑的 名词：confusion n. 困惑；混乱 【固定搭配】 confuse A with B 把 A 和 B 弄混 be confused about 对…… 感到困惑 【例句】 The confusing problem made all students confused.（这道令人困惑的题把所有学生都难住了。） 知识点3：reflect 【词性/释义】 v. 显示，反映；反射；反思 【单词变形】 名词：reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/n. 倒影；反映；反思 形容词：reflective adj. 反思的；反光的 【固定搭配】 reflect on/upon 反思；仔细思考 【例句】 The novel reflects the life of teenagers.（这部小说反映了青少年的生活。） 知识点4：create 【词性/释义】 v. 创造；创作 【单词变形】 形容词：creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 创造（性）的 名词：creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/n. 创造性，创造力；creator n. 创造者 【固定搭配】 create a new way 创造新方法 【例句】 The teacher encouraged us to be creative.（老师鼓励我们发挥创造力。） 知识点5：remind 【词性/释义】 v. 提醒；使…… 想起 【单词变形】 名词：reminder n. 提醒物；提示 【固定搭配】 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 【例句】 This song reminds me of my childhood.（这首歌让我想起了我的童年。） 知识点6：contact 【词性/释义】 v. 联系，联络；n. 联系；接触 【单词变形】 形容词：contactable adj. 可联系的 【固定搭配】 keep in contact with 与…… 保持联系 lose contact with 与…… 失去联系 【例句】 You can contact me by phone if you need help.（如果需要帮助，你可以打电话联系我。） 知识点7：intend 【词性/释义】 v. 计划，打算；想要 【单词变形】 名词：intention n. 意图；打算 形容词：intentional adj. 故意的；有意的 【固定搭配】 intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 【例句】 I intend to study abroad next year.（我打算明年出国留学。） 知识点8：aware 【词性/释义】 adj. 意识到的，明白的 【单词变形】 名词：awareness n. 意识；认识 反义词：unaware adj. 未意识到的 【固定搭配】 be aware of 意识到，察觉到 become aware of 开始意识到 【例句】 We must be aware of the danger.（我们必须意识到危险。） 知识点9：base 【词性/释义】 v. 以…… 为基础；n. 基础；基地 【单词变形】 形容词：basic adj. 基础的；基本的 名词：basis n. 基础（抽象概念） 【固定搭配】 be based on/upon 以…… 为基础 / 依据 base sth. on sth. 把某事建立在某事的基础上 【例句】 The movie is based on a true story.（这部电影改编自一个真实的故事。） 知识点10：comment 【词性/释义】 n. 评论；v. 发表评论 【单词变形】 形容词：commentary n. 评论性报道；解说词 【固定搭配】 make a comment on 对…… 发表评论 comment on/upon 评论…… 【例句】 He refused to comment on the news.（他拒绝对这则新闻发表评论。） 知识点11：likely 【词性/释义】 adj. 可能的，可能发生的；adv. 很可能 【单词变形】 反义词：unlikely adj. 不可能的 【固定搭配】 be likely to do sth. 可能做某事 It is likely that… 很可能…… 【例句】 She is likely to win the competition.（她很可能赢得比赛。） 知识点12：visible 【词性/释义】 adj. 看得见的，可见的；明显的 【单词变形】 名词：vision n. 视力；视野 反义词：invisible adj. 看不见的；无形的 【固定搭配】 clearly visible 清晰可见的 【例句】 The stars are visible on clear nights.（晴朗的夜晚能看到星星。） 【易混总结】 单词 / 短语 正确用法 错误写法 / 用法 易错总结 senior be senior to sb. be senior than sb. 比较级后只用 to，不加 than confuse confusing（修饰物）/confused（修饰人） I am confusing about… -ing 表 “令人… 的”，-ed 表 “感到… 的”，别混用 reflect reflect on/upon（反思）；reflect sth.（反映） reaction sth.；respect sth. 别和 reaction/respect 混淆，高频考 “反映” 义 remind remind sb. of sth. / remind sb. to do remind my childhood 表 “使想起” 接 of，表 “提醒” 接 to do aware be aware of sth. / be aware that… be aware of that… 接名词用 of，接从句不加 of base be based on/upon base on；be based to 被动语态必须用 be based on，不可省略 on burn up / burn down burn up（烧尽，泛指）；burn down（烧毁，多指建筑） burn up the house / burn down the paper 区分使用场景，建筑类用 burn down come across come across（偶然遇见 / 发现） come cross across 是介词，短语固定用 come across intend intend to do sth. intend doing sth. intend 后接不定式 to do，不接动名词 addition in addition；in addition to sth. in addition to do sth. in addition to 后接名词 / 代词，不接动词 单元句型 1. have trouble doing sth. 课文原句：Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 含义：做某事有困难 例句：Students often have trouble understanding different English accents. 2. five-year-old 复合形容词结构 课文原句：…my five-year-old son asked me… 用法：由数词 - 名词（单数）- 形容词构成，作定语修饰名词，中间加连字符，名词用单数形式。 3. while 引导时间状语从句（对比用法） 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car… 用法：while 引导从句，强调动作的持续性，常用来对比两个同时发生的动作。 4. speaking of 引出相关话题 课文原句：And speaking of home, why aren’t homework and housework the same thing? 含义：说到 / 提到……（用于承接上文，引出相关话题） 例句：Speaking of travel, have you booked our hotel yet? 5. wonder at 课文原句：You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language… 含义：对…… 感到惊讶 / 惊叹 6. burn up / burn down 课文原句：…a house can burn up as it burns down… 含义： burn up：烧毁、烧尽（强调彻底化为灰烬） burn down：烧毁（多指建筑物被焚毁） 7. fill in / fill out a form 课文原句：…you fill in a form by filling it out… 含义：两者均表示 “填写表格”，英式常用 fill in，美式常用 fill out，可互换。 8. go off（闹钟 / 警报）响起 课文原句：…an alarm is only heard once it goes off! 含义：（闹钟、警报）发出响声 9. That is why… 句型 课文原句：That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 含义：这就是…… 的原因（解释前文提到的现象） 10. wind up 双重含义 课文原句：…when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends. 含义： 给（钟表 / 机械）上发条 结束（会议、活动、文章等） 例句：I’d like to wind up the meeting soon. / I forget to wind up the clock. 11. play safe 课文原句：People say that the British always play safe with what they eat. 含义：避免冒险；谨慎行事 例句：It’s best to play safe by cooking them. 12. have a frog in one’s throat 课文原句：…she had a frog in her throat. 含义：（因喉咙不适）说话沙哑、困难（习语，不可直译） 例句：I’m supposed to give a presentation today, but I have a frog in my throat! 单元语法：从句类核心语法、非谓语高频考点、构词法 一、非谓语动词高频考点 1.have trouble (in) doing sth. 课文原句：Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 用法：表示 “做某事有困难”，介词in可省略，后面必须接动名词（doing），不能接动词原形。 同类结构还有：have difficulty (in) doing、have problems (in) doing、spend time (in) doing。 2.look forward to doing sth. 课文拓展搭配：look forward to doing 用法：此处的to是介词，后面只能接动名词（doing），不能接动词原形，是考试高频易错点。 3.get sb./sth. doing 结构 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea… 用法：get + 形容词/分词表示 “变得……”，课文中get seasick/airsick/carsick/homesick是固定表达，同时也体现了get后接形容词的用法。 二、从句类核心语法 1.while 引导时间状语从句 课文原句：While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea… 用法：引导持续性动作，从句多使用现在进行时，强调动作正在进行；可用于对比两个同时发生的动作，表 “当…… 的时候，而……”。 2.宾语从句 课文原句： He told us that Maggie couldn’t teach that day… I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad!” 用法：that引导宾语从句，在句中不充当成分，口语中可省略； 从句必须使用陈述语序； 时态呼应：主句为过去时（told/found），从句需使用相应的过去时态（couldn’t teach/had written）。 3.That is why… 表语从句 课文原句：That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 用法：why引导表语从句，用来解释前文现象的 “结果”； 区分：That is because… 用来引出事情发生的 “原因”，两者不可混用。 4.定语从句（in which 结构） 课文原句：You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down… 用法：in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词language，相当于where，表示 “在这种语言中”。 三、构词法（词汇拓展核心） 1.合成法 复合形容词：five-year-old（数词 - 单数名词 - 形容词，中间加连字符，名词必须用单数形式，作定语修饰名词）； 名词合成：eggplant（egg + plant）、homework（home + work）、housework（house + work）、seasick/airsick/carsick/homesick（名词 + -sick）。 2.派生法 前缀否定：visible → invisible（in- 表否定）； 词形转化：动词变名词（create → creativity）、动词变形容词（confuse → confusing/confused）。 3.转化法 课文提到的词性转化：如snow（名词→动词）、rain（名词→动词），词形不变，词性改变。 易错提醒 1.复合形容词：five-year-old（数词 - 单数名词 - 形容词，中间加连字符，名词用单数，作定语） 易错提醒：只能作定语，不能作表语；去掉连字符后名词变复数 five years old，可作表语 2.派生法 前缀否定：visible → invisible（in- 表否定） 易错提醒：否定前缀不可随意乱用，表相反含义牢记固定前缀，不用un -替换in- 词形转化：动词变名词 paint→painting；名词变形容词 mad→madness 易错提醒：注意词性对应拼写，madness是名词，不要误写为madnesses （时间：30分钟） 1、 单词拼写 1．The little girl looks confident, but ________ (实际上) she is very nervous. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．He is a ________ (有创造力的) designer who always comes up with new ideas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．Do you know about the ________ (组织)? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．She was not_________（意识到的) how deeply he loved her. 5．He commanded that we _______ (以……为基础) our practice on his theory. 2、 阅读理解 The world where we live is a colorful place with different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. 6 . A way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world. There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. 7 . Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an accurate glimpse into the food, music, language, and way of life of a particular group of people. For example, 8 , she will often read them stories based on folk tales of that culture. Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language. A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs are available at the public library or bookstores. 9 . Making contact with people who are native speakers of the language allows you to gain firsthand knowledge of a particular culture as you struggle to learn the language. 10 . Whether you want to learn more about Japan, the Middle East, Africa, or any other region, becoming familiar with its food is a giant step in the right direction. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain insight into a particular cultural group’s way of life. A．when a student wants to learn more about a different culture B．when a teacher wishes to expose her students to a different culture C．One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture D．Learn about different cultures by tasting food from a specific cultural group E．Gaining an understanding of other cultures benefits both you and other people F．You can choose a language to learn and make use of learning materials to help you master the language G．It’s important to develop an appreciation for different cultures to become a well-rounded person 3、 完形填空 I look at the notebooks in front of me, filled with my scribbles (潦草的字) of informational texts and short stories in Chinese. It started with textbooks 11 to us by a cousin in China, filled with little notes that offered a quick look into school life there — a life so similar, yet so 12 compared to my American experience. These books became my 13 in reading and writing Chinese. Hour after hour throughout most of my childhood, I copied 14 over and over, which became the basis that 15 my proficiency (熟练) far above my classmates’. The 16 was the pain in my fingers, which turned into a lasting 17 of the characters instead. Now I no longer 18 textbooks. I maintain my proficiency in the language by being absorbed in the exciting 19 of online novels. Many of my Chinese American friends and I have fun speaking Mandarin (普通话) sometimes, a language that 20 us of our roots. It’s funny to hear classmates who can write English essays using simple, 21 Mandarin phrases. It’s comforting to know that in this busy city, there’s also a place for me and the 22 I carry inside. Walking through the Chinatown, I can see beyond the English translations of shop signs and 23 the meaning hidden beneath. It feels like being let in on a special secret, a way to 24 a closely connected community and find a moment of calm. When I’m riding back on the bus after a long trip, the sight of bright signs written in familiar 25 tells me more than what’s for sale — it tells me I’m home. 11．A．mailed B．sold C．explained D．written 12．A．professional B．creative C．different D．significant 13．A．judges B．teachers C．audiences D．colleagues 14．A．journals B．letters C．answers D．texts 15．A．raised B．demanded C．represented D．indicated 16．A．response B．origin C．cost D．mission 17．A．value B．desire C．success D．memory 18．A．publish B．select C．collect D．copy 19．A．world B．feature C．event D．news 20．A．cures B．warns C．reminds D．breaks 21．A．big B．correct C．formal D．childish 22．A．talent B．advantage C．language D．opportunity 23．A．confirm B．understand C．promote D．observe 24．A．fit into B．set up C．focus on D．refer to 25．A．patterns B．characters C．styles D．figures 四、书面表达 26．假定你是李华。你国外的朋友Lisa想学好汉语，但有些困难。请你给她写一封信，给她提一些建议，内容要点如下：（1）树立信心，继续努力；（2）收听汉语节目，看汉语电视节目和电影；（3）多练习，多实践。 注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Lisa, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I believe you’ll make great progress. Best wishes. Yours truly, Li Hua 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $