Unit 3 Art for life 动词不定式（核心语法精练）英语新教材外研版九年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式语法专项，通过基础到综合的梯度训练，系统覆盖核心用法与中考题型，强化语言应用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点夯基-填空|20题|单空考查不定式基本结构（to do）及固定搭配（try to do等）|从核心结构到固定搭配，构建基础认知| |考点夯基-选择|20题|语境中辨析不定式功能（作宾补/状语等）|结合语境深化用法理解，提升语言运用能力| |考点夯基-句型转换|16题|考查句式转换（so...that与too...to等）|通过变式训练培养语法迁移思维| |综合提升-语法选择/填空|20题|语篇中综合运用不定式|从单句到语篇，实现知识整合与综合应用|

Unit 3 Art for life 核心语法精练（动词不定式） 参考答案 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. to search 2. to experience 3. to show 4. to travel 5.to climb 6.to help 7. (to) explore 8. to win 9. to keep 10. to cut 11. to go 12. to review 13. to access 14. to study 15. laugh 16. to create 17. to be 18. to take 19. speak 20. to face 二、单项选择。 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5.D 6.A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. B 三、完成句子。 1. encourage inspire 2. understand value 3. deal with 4. the first to 5. found help 6.ready help 7. make a judgment 8. opinion/view knowledge hidden treasure be dug out 9. need to broaden 10. encourages us to show our own works bravely 11. give up 12. laugh cry enrich 13. possible experience 14. it possible to solve 15. to study 四、句型转换。 1. too for anyone 2. to compete 3. To overcome great suffering requires strong will. 4.He forgot what to say. 5. tall enough to reach 6.too for to 7. It was clever of him to solve the problem. 8. It takes for to break down 9. too to 10. in/so order/as to 11. to join 12. what to do 13. to help 14. too to 15. to listen 16. To achieve takes 一、语法选择 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.C 二、语法填空 11．knows 12．helpful 13．more 14．wisely 15．to spend 16．shoes 17．but 18．of 19．are 20．doing 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Art for life 核心语法精练 （动词不定式） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 8 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．He always tries his best ________ (search) for new ideas. 【答案】to search 【解析】句意：他总是竭尽全力寻找新思路。固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，因此需要用不定式to search。 2．(25-26九上·江苏江阴·期中)However, this was the first time that I could have a chance ________ (experience) such a big football event live. I was so excited. 【答案】to experience 【解析】句意：然而，这是我第一次有机会现场体验这么盛大的足球赛事。我十分激动。固定搭配have a chance to do sth表示有机会做某事，此处需用不定式结构，因此填to experience，符合句子逻辑及语境。 3．Young school children in Brazil use “tia” or “tio” before the teacher’s first name ___________ (show) respect. 【答案】to show 【解析】句意：巴西的低龄学童会在老师的名字前使用“tia”或“tio”来表达尊敬。空格处在句中作目的状语，用来体现使用称谓的目的，需用动词不定式结构，故填to show。 4．It takes villagers less time ________ (travel) to the market now. 【答案】to travel 【解析】句意：现在村民去市场花费的时间更少了。本句句型为it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“某人花多少时间做某事”，不定式to do作真正的主语；travel为动词，表示“旅行”，应变为to travel。 5．He managed ________ (climb) out of the rubble. 【答案】to climb 【解析】句意：他设法从瓦砾堆中爬了出来。climb意为“爬”，是动词，manage to do sth.是固定短语，意为“设法做某事”，因此，此处用动词不定式to climb。 6．He was always ready ________ (help) others. 【答案】to help 【解析】句意：他总是乐于帮助别人。help为动词，表示“帮助”。固定搭配be ready to do sth.，表示“乐意做某事”，此处需要用不定式to help。 7．The telescope helps humans ________ (explore) the universe. 【答案】explore 【解析】句意：望远镜帮助人类探索宇宙。help sb. (to) do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，其中to可以省略，后面直接跟动词原形explore，表示“探索”， 作宾语补足语。 8．Tu is the first Chinese woman ________ (win) the Nobel Prize. 【答案】to win 【解析】句意：屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。名词“Chinese woman”被序数词the first修饰时，后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个做某事的人”，故填to win。 9．They decided ________ (keep) on studying after graduation. 【答案】to keep 【解析】句意：他们决定毕业后继续学习。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，此处用不定式to keep。 10．It’s wise ________ (cut) back on screen time to get enough sleep. 【答案】to cut 【解析】句意：减少看电子屏幕的时间以保证充足睡眠是明智的。此处为固定句型It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.，表示“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do，因此空处应填to cut。 11．Whether ________ (go) there or not depends on your decision. 【答案】to go 【解析】句意：是否去那里取决于你的决定。固定结构whether to do sth. or not意为“是否做某事”，属于“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，可在句中作主语，此处需用不定式形式to go。 12．It’s necessary ________ (review) what we have learned each night. 【答案】to review 【解析】句意：每天晚上复习我们所学过的知识是很有必要的。 本句为It is+形容词+to do sth.固定句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式，形容词后必须接to do不定式结构。 13．You need a password ________ (access) the system. 【答案】to access 【解析】句意：你需要密码来访问这个系统。此处使用动词不定式作目的状语，用来说明需要密码的目的，因此填to access。 14．After he finished school, he went on ________ (study) physics in Switzerland. 【答案】to study 【解析】句意：在他完成学业后，他前往瑞士继续学习物理。提示词study“学习”，句中存在固定搭配go on to do sth.，表示完成一件事后继续去做另一件不同的事，因此此处要把study变为不定式形式to study，符合该固定结构的语法要求。 15．Good plays can make us ________ (laugh) or cry. 【答案】laugh 【解析】句意：好的戏剧能让我们笑，也能让我们哭。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，动词短语，故填laugh。 16．Calligraphers can use them ________ (create) amazing works of art. 【答案】to create 【解析】句意：书法家可以利用它们创作出令人惊叹的艺术作品。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物去做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 17．Chinese characters are considered ________ (be) a source of great beauty. 【答案】to be 【解析】句意：汉字被视为一种极具美感的源泉。固定搭配be considered to be意为“被认为是”，空格处需填不定式结构，故填to be。 18．He directed me ________ (take) a brush and immerse it with ink. 【答案】to take 【解析】句意：他指示我拿起毛笔蘸上墨。direct sb. to do sth.表示“指示某人做某事”，固定短语，此处需用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to take。 19．She also learned to write and even ________ (speak). 【答案】speak 【解析】句意：她还学习了书写，甚至学会了说话。在这个句子里，并列连词and连接了两个并列的动作结构，前面是learned to write，按照并列结构的语法规则，后面的内容要和前面的to write保持形式一致，这里可以省略重复的不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形speak。 20．She has the courage ________ (face) all kinds of challenges. 【答案】to face 【解析】句意：她拥有直面各种各样挑战的勇气。固定搭配have the courage to do sth.，含义为“有勇气去做某事”，不定式作后置定语，用来修饰名词courage。括号内单词face为动词原形，按照固定句式要求，需要变形为动词不定式to face。 二、单项选择。 1．—Who inspired you to become a creative person? —My art teacher. She always encouraged us ________ new things. A．try B．trying C．to try D．tried 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——谁启发你成为一个有创造力的人？——我的美术老师。她总是鼓励我们去尝试新事物。 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，根据“encouraged us”可知，空处应用动词不定式作宾补。应填to try。 2．—What do you think of Liu Hao? —He works hard and is easy ________. A．work with B．to work with C．working with D．to work 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你觉得刘浩怎么样？——他工作努力且容易共事。 在“主语 + be + 形容词 + to do"结构中，当动词与主语存在逻辑上的介词宾语关系时，不及物动词后的介词不能省略。work为不及物动词，表示“与某人共事”需加介词with，此处He是介词with的逻辑宾语，因此保留介词with且使用不定式to work with。 3．Higher ________ helps plants ________ faster. A．temperature; grow B．material; growing C．position; grew D．project; grow 【答案】A 【解析】句意：更高的温度有助于植物长得更快。   第一空，temperature温度；material材料；position位置；project项目。根据“helps plants…faster”可知，是“温度”帮助植物生长，第一空应用speed。第二空，根据“helps”可知，实义动词help后面通常接省略to的动词不定式，即help sb. do sth.，表示“帮助做某事”，故第二空用grow。 4．He used to be shy, but now he dares ________ his new ideas in class. A．show B．showing C．to show D．shown 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他过去很害羞，但现在他敢于在课堂上展示他的新想法。 dare这个词比较特殊，它既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，在题干句子中，dares带有第三人称单数词尾-s，表明它在这里是被用作实义动词的，当dare作实义动词时，其后需要接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配“dare to do sth.”。应填to show。 5．Young people should take effective action ________ valuable traditional folk arts from disappearing. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 【答案】D 【解析】句意：年轻人应当采取有效行动，保护珍贵的传统民间艺术免于消失。 take action to do sth.表示“采取行动做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用不定式作目的状语。应填to keep。 6．His lifelong dream is ________ a successful businessman, and he will take every chance ________ his business. A．to be; to expand B．being; expand C．to be; expanding D．being; to expand 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他毕生的梦想是成为一名成功的商人，他会抓住每一个扩大业务的机会 第一空，不定式to do放在be动词后作表语，用来表达将来、尚未实现的目标。第二空，不定式to expand作定语修饰chance，表示“扩大业务的机会”。 7．You need an account ________ this website. A．access B．to access C．accessing D．accessed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你需要一个账号来访问这个网站。 need sth to do sth“需要某物来做某事”，是固定短语，因此填不定式to access。 8．Although the two countries are far away, they can work together ________ a better world. A．build B．building C．built D．to build 【答案】D 【解析】句意：虽然这两个国家相距遥远，但它们可以共同努力去建设一个更美好的世界。 根据“they can work together…a better world”可知，两国合作是为了建设一个更美好的世界，表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，因此选择“to build”。 9．She is the first woman ________ into space in this country. A．goes B．to go C．going D．go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她是该国第一位进入太空的女性。 当名词被序数词“the first”修饰时，后用动词不定式作后置定语。根据“She is the first woman...”可知，应用不定式to go。 10．Too much screen time makes teenagers ________ sleepy in class. A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 【答案】A 【解析】句意：过多的屏幕时间使青少年在课堂上感到困倦。 固定句型“make sb. do sth.”，含义是“使某人做某事”，句中宾语是teenagers，应填feel。 11．The rover is used ________ photos of the surface of Mars. A．take B．taking C．to take D．to taking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这辆探测车被用来拍摄火星表面的照片。 固定搭配be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，此处需要动词不定式作目的状语，应填to take。 12．We can’t afford ________ on vacation this year. A．go B．to going C．going D．to go 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们今年负担不起去度假的费用了。 句中“afford”提示此处考查短语“afford to do sth.”，意为“负担得起做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语。 13．We should do something ________ improve the environment of our community. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们应该做些事情来帮助改善我们社区的环境。 句中“do something”后面通常接不定式to do，用来表示动作的目的，作目的状语，所以需要用to help。 14．We should spare no effort ________ our dream. A．follow B．to follow C．following D．followed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们应该不遗余力地去追寻我们的梦想。 英语中有固定结构“spare no effort to do sth”，意为“不遗余力地做某事”，该结构中需要使用动词不定式作目的状语。 15．Martin is the first English teacher in our school ________ in the west, where he was known to local students as a ________ dictionary. A．volunteering; walking B．to volunteer; walked C．volunteering; walked D．to volunteer; walking 【答案】D 【解析】句意：马丁是我们学校第一位去西部支教的英语老师，在那里他被当地学生称为“活字典”。 the first...to do sth是固定搭配，表示“第一个做某事的人”，因此用第一空用动词不定式to volunteer作定语。walking dictionary是固定表达，意为“活字典”，表示“知识渊博的人”，因此第二空用动名词walking作定语。 16．Local environmental workers plant large numbers of native trees ________ prevent sandstorms from destroying farmland nearby. A．so that B．to C．for D．and 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当地环保工作者种植大量本土树木，以防止沙尘暴毁坏附近的农田。 so that后接完整从句；to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，用来表示行为目的；for作介词后接名词/动名词；and用来连接并列谓语。空格后prevent是动词原形，此处用不定式to prevent作目的状语，表达种树的目的，应填to。 17．We should learn ________ calmly when bad things happen to us. A．react B．reacting C．to react D．reacted 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当不好的事情发生在我们身上时，我们应该学会冷静应对。 固定搭配learn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”，因此使用不定式to react。 18．I promise ________ you. I will never let you down. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我承诺会帮助你。我绝不会让你失望。 promise to do sth.承诺做某事，是固定搭配。 19．It takes a strong will ________ all kinds of suffering. A．overcome B．overcoming C．to overcome D．overcame 【答案】C 【解析】句意：克服各种各样的苦难需要坚强的意志。 固定句型It takes sth. to do sth.表示“做某事需要……”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此此处填to overcome。 20．It’s our duty ________ our cultural treasures. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 【答案】B 【解析】句意：保护我们的文化宝藏是我们的责任。 此处是固定句型“It is our duty to do sth.”，表示“做某事是我们的责任”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。此处用动词不定式to protect作主语。 三、完成句子。 1．他写了很多文章来鼓励和激励年轻人。   He wrote many articles to ________ and ________ young people. 【答案】 encourage inspire 【解析】句中“to”引导动词不定式作目的状语（意为“为了……”），其后应接动词原形。“鼓励”对应的英文单词是encourage，“激励”对应的英文单词是inspire。连词“and”连接两个并列的动词，前后形式需保持一致，因此两个空均填动词原形。 2．这个计划将会让我理解金钱的真正价值。   This plan will help me __________ the true __________ of money. 【答案】 understand value 【解析】原句中“理解”和“价值”是关键词。第一空中文“理解”对应英文动词“understand”，help sb. (to) do sth. ，意为“帮助某人做某事”，此处用动词原形即可；第二空位于形容词true之后，介词of之前，此处需填名词构成名词短语，中文“价值”对应英文名词value。 3．首先，我们需要学会如何处理我们已经拥有的钱。   First, we need to learn how to ________ ________ the money we already have. 【答案】 deal with 【解析】原句中“处理”是关键词，表示“处理”的短语是deal with；how to后接动词原形，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 4．屠呦呦是中国第一位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的人。 Tu Youyou was ________ ________ ________ win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in China. 【答案】 the first to 【解析】原句中“第一位……的人”是关键词，固定结构the first to do sth.表示“第一个做某事的人”。本句为主系表结构，“was”后接表语the first，后面用不定式短语作后置定语修饰the first。故填the；first；to。 5．经过大量努力，他找到了帮助肺结核患者的新方法。   With a lot of hard work, he ________ new ways to ________ patients with TB． 【答案】 found help 【解析】原句中“找到了”和“帮助”是关键词，表示“找到”的单词是find。本句为一般过去时，动词需要变为过去式形式found。表示“帮助”的单词是help，结构ways to do sth.中to后接动词原形。 6．他总是乐于助人。   He is always ________ to ________ others. 【答案】 ready help 【解析】原句中的“乐于助人”是关键词，表示“乐于做某事”用be ready to do sth.；表示“帮助”用help。 7．在得出结论前, 我们需要仔细地作出判断。 We need to ________ ________ ________ carefully before drawing a conclusion. 【答案】 make a judgment 【解析】原句中“作出判断”是关键词，“作出判断”的常用英语短语为make a judgment，空格前有“need to”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，因此第一空填make，题目中设有三个空缺处，“make a judgment”正好由三个单词组成，完全符合题意。 8．在我看来，知识就像一份隐藏的宝藏，等待着被发掘。 In my ________, ________ feels like a ________________, waiting to ________________. 【答案】 opinion/view knowledge hidden treasure be dug out 【解析】原句中“在我看来”，“知识”，“隐藏的宝藏”和“被发掘”是关键词，表示“在我看来”用固定短语in my opinion/view；表示“知识”用不可数名词knowledge；表示“隐藏的宝藏”用形容词hidden修饰名词treasure，前有不定冠词“a”，treasure用单数形式；表示“发掘”用固定短语dig out，wait to do sth.结构中，此处表示被动，需用不定式的被动式to be done，dig的过去分词是dug。 9．我们需要通过多读书来拓宽知识面。 We ________ ________ ________ our knowledge by reading more books. 【答案】 need to broaden 【解析】原句中“需要拓宽”是关键信息。“需要做某事”是固定结构“need to do sth.”；本句陈述客观观点、常规建议，用一般现在时，主语为We，谓语动词用原形need。“拓宽”对应的是动词broaden，用不定式作宾语。 10．美术老师总是鼓励我们大胆展示自己的作品。 The art teacher always _____________. 【答案】encourages us to show our own works bravely 【解析】原句中关键词是“鼓励我们大胆展示自己的作品”，对应结构encourage sb. to do sth.。主语The art teacher为第三人称单数，且时间状语always表示一般现在时，故用encourages；宾语为us；不定式to show our own works；副词bravely修饰show表示“大胆地”。应填encourages us to show our own works bravely。 11．这封信要求人们放弃核武器。 The letter asked people to ________ ________ nuclear weapons. 【答案】 give up 【解析】原句中“放弃”是核心关键词，对应英语中的固定短语give up，意为“放弃”。句中存在固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，to后接动词原形，因此直接填入give和up，构成完整的短语搭配，符合句子语法和语义要求。 12．好的戏剧能让我们笑或哭，并能丰富我们的生活。   Good plays can make us ________ or ________, and they can ________ our life. 【答案】 laugh cry enrich 【解析】原句中“笑”和“哭”是关键词，对应英文动词“laugh”和“cry”，在“make us”后接省略“to”的不定式作宾语补足语，故用动词原形；“丰富”对应动词“enrich”，位于情态动词“can”后，故也用动词原形。故填laugh；cry；enrich。 13．想象力使在内心体验整个世界成为可能。   Imagination makes it ________ to ________ a whole world inside the mind. 【答案】 possible experience 【解析】原句中“可能”和“体验”是关键词。make it + adj. + to do sth.固定句型，意为“使做某事变得……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。“可能”对应形容词possible，作宾语补足语。“体验”对应动词experience，因位于不定式符号to之后，需用原形。 14．良好的沟通使人们快速解决问题成为可能。 Good communication makes ________ ________ for people ________ ________ problems quickly. 【答案】 it possible to solve 【解析】原句中“成为可能”和“解决”是关键词。“make it possible for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“使某人做某事成为可能”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故前两空填it possible，后两空填to solve。 15．最好的学习数学的方法是做大量练习题。 The best way ________ ________ maths is to do many problems. 【答案】 to study 【解析】原句中“学习”是关键词，表示“学习”的单词是“study”，这里用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词“way”，其结构为“the way to do sth.”，表示“做某事的方法”。 四、句型转换。 1．The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.（同义句转换） The box is ________ heavy ________ ________ to move. 【答案】 too for anyone 【解析】句意：这个箱子太重了，没人能搬动它。原句“so…that nobody…”表示“如此……以至于没人……”，可转换为固定结构“too+形容词+ for sb. to do”，意为“对某人来说太……而不能……”。原句nobody同义替换为anyone，完整结构too heavy for anyone to move，故填too；for；anyone。 2．He hopes he can compete in the Olympic Games.  (简单句改写) He hopes ________ ________ in the Olympic Games. 【答案】 to compete 【解析】句意：他希望他能参加奥运会。原句是省略that的宾语从句，这里要改成简单句，需要把从句部分转化为不定式，原从句的动词是“compete”，变为不定式是to compete。 3．It requires strong will to overcome great suffering.（改为同义句） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To overcome great suffering requires strong will. 【解析】句意：克服巨大痛苦需要强大的意志力。原句使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to overcome great suffering。改写时，将不定式短语置于句首充当句子主语，谓语动词仍用requires，故填To overcome great suffering requires strong will. 4．He forgot what he should say. (改写为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ 【答案】He forgot what to say. 【解析】句意：他忘了他该说什么。原句包含宾语从句what he should say，主句与从句主语一致，可转换为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构what to say，在句中作宾语。 5．The boy is tall. He can reach the shelf. (用enough to改写) The boy is ________ ________ ________ ________ the shelf. 【答案】 tall enough to reach 【解析】句意：这个男孩很高。他能够得着架子。要求用enough to改写，其结构为“主语+be+形容词+enough+to do sth."，意为“某人足够……去做某事”。原句中的形容词tall需放在enough之前，原句中的动作can reach需改为动词不定式to reach，放在enough之后。 6．(25-26九上·山东菏泽东明县三校联考·月考)The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. The box is ________ heavy________ me________ carry. (改为同义句) 【答案】 too for to 【解析】句意：这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。原句使用so… that…结构，引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，且从句为否定形式（can’t），表示“太……而不能……"。该含义可转换同义句为too… to…结构，此处me是动作的执行者，需使用for sb，即for me。故填too；for；to。 7．He solved the problem. It was clever of him.(用It was...of...句型改写) ________________________________________________ 【答案】It was clever of him to solve the problem. 【解析】句意：他解决了这个问题。他是聪明的。题目要求用“It was...of...”句型合并句子，表达“某人做某事是……的”。该句型结构为“It was + 形容词 + of + sb. + to do sth.”，将“solved”改为不定式“to solve”，作真正的主语。 8．Plastic breaks down very slowly. It takes thousands of years.（合并为一句，使用It takes...to...句型） ________ ________ thousands of years ________ plastic ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 It takes for to break down 【解析】固定句型“It takes+时间段+(for sb./sth.) to do sth.”表示“做某事花费（某人/某物）多长时间”。原句含义为“塑料分解得很慢。这需要数千年”。句中的时间为“thousands of years”（数千年），逻辑主语是“plastic”（塑料），动作是“break down”（分解）。合并时，句首用形式主语It，谓语动词用第三人称单数takes，引出逻辑主语“plastic”需要用介词for，动作break down需变为动词不定式to break down作真正的主语。故填It；takes；for；to；break；down。 9．He is not old enough to drive a car. (改为too…to…) He is ________ young ________ drive a car. 【答案】 too to 【解析】句意：他年龄不够大，不能开车。原句结构not old enough to意为“不够大而不能……”，可与too…to…（太……而不能……）进行同义转换； old enough to drive对应too young to drive，too后接形容词young，to后接动词原形。 10．She got up early so that she could catch the first bus. (改为简单句) She got up early ________ ________ ________ catch the first bus. 【答案】 in/so order/as to 【解析】句意：她早早起床，以便赶上第一班车。原句中so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，要求改为简单句时，表目的且符合三个空的固定搭配是in order to/so as to，后接动词原形。 11．They are excited that they can join the volunteer activity. (改为同义句) They are excited ________ ________ the volunteer activity. 【答案】 to join 【解析】句意：他们很兴奋能参加志愿者活动。原句使用“that they can join”表示“能参加”，改为同义句时可用不定式“to join”作原因状语，表示“因参加而兴奋”，其他部分保持不变。故填to；join。 12．I am not sure what I should do next.(改为简单句) I am not sure ________ ________ ________ next. 【答案】 what to do 【解析】句意：我不确定接下来我该做什么。 宾语从句可以转换为疑问词+不定式结构简化为简单句，what I should do=what to do。 13．I’m glad that I can help you with your homework. (改为be + adj. + to do的结构) I’m glad ________ ________ you with your homework. 【答案】 to help 【解析】句意：我很高兴我能帮你做作业。“be + adj. + that从句”可转换为“be + adj. + to do”结构，此处“that I can help”对应“to help”，符合该结构的语法规则。 14．The girl is so young that she can’t look after herself.（改为简单句） The girl is ________ young ________ look after herself. 【答案】 too to 【解析】句意：这个女孩太小了，不能照顾自己。原句使用“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，且从句中包含否定词can’t，表示否定结果。要将该复合句改为简单句，且保持句意不变，即“太小了而不能照顾自己”，应使用too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”。 15．“Listen to tapes every day,” the teacher said to us. (改为间接引语) The teacher told us ________ ________ to tapes every day. 【答案】 to listen 【解析】句意：老师对我们说：“每天听磁带。”当直接引语为肯定祈使句时，变间接引语需应用“tell sb. to do sth.”这一原始句型，将直接引语中的动词原形转换为动词不定式作宾语补足语；对应地，主语后续的“said to us”转换为“told us”作谓语和宾语，直接引语中的动词原形“Listen”则需要转换为动词不定式“to listen”。 16．It takes much effort to achieve a big goal.（同义不定式放句首） _________ _________ a big goal _________ much effort. 【答案】 To achieve takes 【解析】句意：实现一个大的目标需要付出很多努力。原句为“It takes much effort to achieve a big goal.”，其中it作形式主语，不定式to achieve a big goal作真正主语。题目要求“同义不定式放句首”，即将真正主语不定式置于句首，此时去掉形式主语it，因主语为单数不定式短语，谓语动词仍用takes，且句首字母需大写。故填To；achieve；takes。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Aron was a young boy. He was angry at everything around him. So Aron’s mum bought him a canvas (画布) 1 calm him down. “When you are upset about something, draw it instead of getting angry,” she said. Aron wasn’t very 2 in it, but he decided to have a try. After about 30 minutes, he showed his 3 to his mum. “What are they about?” she asked. “The first was about some kids showing off (炫耀) 4 new clothes. The second was about my teacher. He always said I was doing things wrong. And the last painting was about a schoolmate. He said I   5 change my ways to get along with others. They all made me angry.” His mum said, “Aron, you get angry 6 , but you never understand why those things happen.” Then she carefully explained, “Those people did 7 . The kids just showed off but didn’t hurt you. Your teacher scolded (训斥) you 8 you caused trouble in class. Your schoolmate just wanted to help you. Next time when you’re angry, take a deep breath and walk away for a while. Then come back and talk to that person. You’ll feel 9 .” Aron 10 less angry since then. So why not try this way if you have the same problem? 1．A．help B．to help C．refuse D．to refuse 2．A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested 3．A．song B．songs C．picture D．pictures 4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 5．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 6．A．easy B．easily C．slow D．slowly 7．A．wrong everything B．everything wrong C．wrong nothing D．nothing wrong 8．A．although B．until C．because D．before 9．A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 10．A．becomes B．will become C．has become D．is becoming 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述男孩Aron容易对身边一切感到愤怒，妈妈给他画布，建议他生气时画画抒发情绪，并引导他理解事情背后的缘由。自此之后Aron不再轻易生气。 【解析】1．句意：于是Aron的妈妈给他买了一块画布来帮助他平静下来。 此处用不定式表目的，买画布的目的是帮助他平复情绪。to help作目的状语，refuse（拒绝）语义不符。 2．句意：Aron对此不是很感兴趣，但是他决定试一试。 固定搭配be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。surprised“感到惊讶的”、surprising“令人惊讶的”、interesting“令人感兴趣的”不能用于该搭配。 3．句意：大约三十分钟后，他把他的画作展示给妈妈。 后文“The first…The second…And the last painting”说明不止一幅画，使用复数pictures；song（歌曲）和短文画画主题无关。 4．句意：第一幅画是关于一些孩子炫耀他们的新衣服。 空格后有名词new clothes，需要形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。they主格、them宾格、theirs名词性物主代词后面不能再接名词。 5．句意：他说我应该改变处事方式，和别人好好相处。 根据上下文，同学给出友好建议，should 表示“应该”。shouldn’t（不应该）语义相反，could/couldn’t（能够/不能）不符合语境。 6．句意：Aron，你很容易生气，但你从来不去弄明白这些事情发生的原因。 此处修饰动词get angry，需要副词。easily“容易地”。easy、slow是形容词，slowly（缓慢地）语义不通。 7．句意：那些人并没有做错什么。 形容词修饰不定代词要后置，nothing wrong为正确语序。everything wrong（所有事都错了）与后文解释矛盾。 8．句意：你的老师训斥你，是因为你在课堂上制造麻烦。 前后分句是因果关系，because“因为”引导原因状语从句。although“虽然”，until“直到”，before“在……之前”，逻辑不符。 9．句意：然后回来和那个人沟通，你会感觉好很多。 对比之前愤怒的状态，冷静沟通之后感受会变好。better“更好”符合情境。 10．句意：从那以后，Aron变得不那么容易生气了。 时间标志since then（自从那时起），是现在完成时标志，结构“have/has+过去分词”，主语Aron为单数，用has become。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 People get to know about money at a young age. But not everyone 11 (know) what to do with their money. Check out the following ideas and see if they are 12 (help). Put money in a bank When you get some money, will you put it in a bank? Why not? The money in the bank can grow over time. For example, if you save 1,000 yuan in a bank, you will get 13 (many) than that after a year. Spend money 14 (wise) After you have saved some money, you may want to buy something you like. But remember 15 (spend) your money wisely. Don't buy things that are not necessary. You can buy a pair of comfortable 16 (shoe) for your P. E. class instead of a lot of junk food. Give money away You can spend money not only for yourself, 17 also for people in need. It would be so nice 18 you to give your money to them. For example, there 19 (be) hungry people. They may need your help. Make more money Besides saving and spending, you can also make money by 20 (do) some housework. In return, your parents may give you some money. Or you may have a small sale to sell things you don't use anymore. 【答案】 11．knows 12．helpful 13．more 14．wisely 15．to spend 16．shoes 17．but 18．of 19．are 20．doing 【导语】本文介绍了关于金钱管理的四条建议：把钱存入银行、明智消费、捐款和赚钱。 【解析】11．句意：但并不是每个人都知道如何处理自己的钱。主语“everyone”为不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且描述一般事实，故用“knows”。 12．句意：看看下面的想法，看看它们是否有帮助。空格位于系动词“are”之后，需填形容词作表语。所给词“help”的形容词形式为“helpful”，意为“有帮助的”。 13．句意：例如，如果你在银行存1000元，一年后你将得到比这更多的钱。空格后有比较级标志词“than”，需填形容词比较级。所给词“many”的比较级为“more”。 14．句意：明智地花钱。空格修饰动词“spend”，需填副词作状语。所给词“wise”的副词形式为“wisely”，意为“明智地”。 15．句意：但记住要明智地花钱。固定搭配“remember to do sth.”表示“记得去做某事”，故填“to spend”。 16．句意：你可以买一双舒适的鞋子，而不是一堆垃圾食品。固定搭配“a pair of”后接可数名词复数，所给词“shoe”的复数形式为“shoes”。 17．句意：你不仅可以为自己花钱，也可以为有需要的人花钱。固定搭配“not only...but also...”表示“不仅……而且……”，故填“but”。 18．句意：你把钱给他们真是太好了。固定句型“It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”表示“某人做某事真是太……了”，此处用“of”引出动作发出者。 19．句意：例如，有饥饿的人。“there be”句型中，主语“people”为复数，且描述一般事实，用“are”。 20．句意：除了储蓄和消费，你还可以通过做家务来赚钱。介词“by”后接动名词作宾语，所给词“do”的动名词形式为“doing”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Art for life 核心语法精练 （动词不定式） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 8 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．He always tries his best ________ (search) for new ideas. 2．(25-26九上·江苏江阴·期中)However, this was the first time that I could have a chance ________ (experience) such a big football event live. I was so excited. 3．Young school children in Brazil use “tia” or “tio” before the teacher’s first name ___________ (show) respect. 4．It takes villagers less time ________ (travel) to the market now. 5．He managed ________ (climb) out of the rubble. 6．He was always ready ________ (help) others. 7．The telescope helps humans ________ (explore) the universe. 8．Tu is the first Chinese woman ________ (win) the Nobel Prize. 9．They decided ________ (keep) on studying after graduation. 10．It’s wise ________ (cut) back on screen time to get enough sleep. 11．Whether ________ (go) there or not depends on your decision. 12．It’s necessary ________ (review) what we have learned each night. 13．You need a password ________ (access) the system. 14．After he finished school, he went on ________ (study) physics in Switzerland. 15．Good plays can make us ________ (laugh) or cry. 16．Calligraphers can use them ________ (create) amazing works of art. 17．Chinese characters are considered ________ (be) a source of great beauty. 18．He directed me ________ (take) a brush and immerse it with ink. 19．She also learned to write and even ________ (speak). 20．She has the courage ________ (face) all kinds of challenges. 二、单项选择。 1．—Who inspired you to become a creative person? —My art teacher. She always encouraged us ________ new things. A．try B．trying C．to try D．tried 2．—What do you think of Liu Hao? —He works hard and is easy ________. A．work with B．to work with C．working with D．to work 3．Higher ________ helps plants ________ faster. A．temperature; grow B．material; growing C．position; grew D．project; grow 4．He used to be shy, but now he dares ________ his new ideas in class. A．show B．showing C．to show D．shown 5．Young people should take effective action ________ valuable traditional folk arts from disappearing. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 6．His lifelong dream is ________ a successful businessman, and he will take every chance ________ his business. A．to be; to expand B．being; expand C．to be; expanding D．being; to expand 7．You need an account ________ this website. A．access B．to access C．accessing D．accessed 8．Although the two countries are far away, they can work together ________ a better world. A．build B．building C．built D．to build 9．She is the first woman ________ into space in this country. A．goes B．to go C．going D．go 10．Too much screen time makes teenagers ________ sleepy in class. A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 11．The rover is used ________ photos of the surface of Mars. A．take B．taking C．to take D．to taking 12．We can’t afford ________ on vacation this year. A．go B．to going C．going D．to go 13．We should do something ________ improve the environment of our community. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 14．We should spare no effort ________ our dream. A．follow B．to follow C．following D．followed 15．Martin is the first English teacher in our school ________ in the west, where he was known to local students as a ________ dictionary. A．volunteering; walking B．to volunteer; walked C．volunteering; walked D．to volunteer; walking 16．Local environmental workers plant large numbers of native trees ________ prevent sandstorms from destroying farmland nearby. A．so that B．to C．for D．and 17．We should learn ________ calmly when bad things happen to us. A．react B．reacting C．to react D．reacted 18．I promise ________ you. I will never let you down. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 19．It takes a strong will ________ all kinds of suffering. A．overcome B．overcoming C．to overcome D．overcame 20．It’s our duty ________ our cultural treasures. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 三、完成句子。 1．他写了很多文章来鼓励和激励年轻人。   He wrote many articles to ________ and ________ young people. 2．这个计划将会让我理解金钱的真正价值。   This plan will help me __________ the true __________ of money. 3．首先，我们需要学会如何处理我们已经拥有的钱。   First, we need to learn how to ________ ________ the money we already have. 4．屠呦呦是中国第一位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的人。 Tu Youyou was ________ ________ ________ win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in China. 5．经过大量努力，他找到了帮助肺结核患者的新方法。   With a lot of hard work, he ________ new ways to ________ patients with TB． 6．他总是乐于助人。   He is always ________ to ________ others. 7．在得出结论前, 我们需要仔细地作出判断。 We need to ________ ________ ________ carefully before drawing a conclusion. 8．在我看来，知识就像一份隐藏的宝藏，等待着被发掘。 In my ________, ________ feels like a ________________, waiting to ________________. 9．我们需要通过多读书来拓宽知识面。 We ________ ________ ________ our knowledge by reading more books. 10．美术老师总是鼓励我们大胆展示自己的作品。 The art teacher always _____________. 11．这封信要求人们放弃核武器。 The letter asked people to ________ ________ nuclear weapons. 12．好的戏剧能让我们笑或哭，并能丰富我们的生活。   Good plays can make us ________ or ________, and they can ________ our life. 13．想象力使在内心体验整个世界成为可能。   Imagination makes it ________ to ________ a whole world inside the mind. 14．良好的沟通使人们快速解决问题成为可能。 Good communication makes ________ ________ for people ________ ________ problems quickly. 15．最好的学习数学的方法是做大量练习题。 The best way ________ ________ maths is to do many problems. 四、句型转换。 1．The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.（同义句转换） The box is ________ heavy ________ ________ to move. 2．He hopes he can compete in the Olympic Games.  (简单句改写) He hopes ________ ________ in the Olympic Games. 3．It requires strong will to overcome great suffering.（改为同义句） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．He forgot what he should say. (改写为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ 5．The boy is tall. He can reach the shelf. (用enough to改写) The boy is ________ ________ ________ ________ the shelf. 6．(25-26九上·山东菏泽东明县三校联考·月考)The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. The box is ________ heavy________ me________ carry. (改为同义句) 7．He solved the problem. It was clever of him.(用It was...of...句型改写) ________________________________________________ 8．Plastic breaks down very slowly. It takes thousands of years.（合并为一句，使用It takes...to...句型） ________ ________ thousands of years ________ plastic ________ ________ ________. 9．He is not old enough to drive a car. (改为too…to…) He is ________ young ________ drive a car. 10．She got up early so that she could catch the first bus. (改为简单句) She got up early ________ ________ ________ catch the first bus. 11．They are excited that they can join the volunteer activity. (改为同义句) They are excited ________ ________ the volunteer activity. 12．I am not sure what I should do next.(改为简单句) I am not sure ________ ________ ________ next. 13．I’m glad that I can help you with your homework. (改为be + adj. + to do的结构) I’m glad ________ ________ you with your homework. 14．The girl is so young that she can’t look after herself.（改为简单句） The girl is ________ young ________ look after herself. 15．“Listen to tapes every day,” the teacher said to us. (改为间接引语) The teacher told us ________ ________ to tapes every day. 16．It takes much effort to achieve a big goal.（同义不定式放句首） _________ _________ a big goal _________ much effort. 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Aron was a young boy. He was angry at everything around him. So Aron’s mum bought him a canvas (画布) 1 calm him down. “When you are upset about something, draw it instead of getting angry,” she said. Aron wasn’t very 2 in it, but he decided to have a try. After about 30 minutes, he showed his 3 to his mum. “What are they about?” she asked. “The first was about some kids showing off (炫耀) 4 new clothes. The second was about my teacher. He always said I was doing things wrong. And the last painting was about a schoolmate. He said I   5 change my ways to get along with others. They all made me angry.” His mum said, “Aron, you get angry 6 , but you never understand why those things happen.” Then she carefully explained, “Those people did 7 . The kids just showed off but didn’t hurt you. Your teacher scolded (训斥) you 8 you caused trouble in class. Your schoolmate just wanted to help you. Next time when you’re angry, take a deep breath and walk away for a while. Then come back and talk to that person. You’ll feel 9 .” Aron 10 less angry since then. So why not try this way if you have the same problem? 1．A．help B．to help C．refuse D．to refuse 2．A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested 3．A．song B．songs C．picture D．pictures 4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 5．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 6．A．easy B．easily C．slow D．slowly 7．A．wrong everything B．everything wrong C．wrong nothing D．nothing wrong 8．A．although B．until C．because D．before 9．A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 10．A．becomes B．will become C．has become D．is becoming 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 People get to know about money at a young age. But not everyone 11 (know) what to do with their money. Check out the following ideas and see if they are 12 (help). Put money in a bank When you get some money, will you put it in a bank? Why not? The money in the bank can grow over time. For example, if you save 1,000 yuan in a bank, you will get 13 (many) than that after a year. Spend money 14 (wise) After you have saved some money, you may want to buy something you like. But remember 15 (spend) your money wisely. Don't buy things that are not necessary. You can buy a pair of comfortable 16 (shoe) for your P. E. class instead of a lot of junk food. Give money away You can spend money not only for yourself, 17 also for people in need. It would be so nice 18 you to give your money to them. For example, there 19 (be) hungry people. They may need your help. Make more money Besides saving and spending, you can also make money by 20 (do) some housework. In return, your parents may give you some money. Or you may have a small sale to sell things you don't use anymore. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $