内容正文:
八年级英语上册 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!
语法专项精讲精练
一、语法核心精讲
本单元围绕“烹饪”主题,核心语法是一般现在时(描述日常/能力) 和现在进行时(描述正在发生的动作),同时结合情态动词 can 表示“烹饪能力”。
1. 一般现在时(描述日常习惯/能力)
结 构:主语 + 动词原形/三单形式 + 其他
三单变化规则:① 一般动词直接加 s (cooks, washes)
② 以 s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 es (washes, teaches)
③ 辅音+y结尾,变y为i+es(studies → studies)
例句:My mom cooks delicious food every weekend.
2. 现在进行时(描述正在做的事)
结 构:主语 + be(am/is/are) + 动词-ing + 其他
动词-ing变化: ①直接加 ing (cooking, washing)
②不发音e结尾去e加 ing (make → making)
③重读闭音节双写尾字母加 ing (cut → cutting)
例句:They are making bread in the kitchen now.
3. 情态动词 can (描述烹饪能力)
结构:主语 + can + 动词原形
否定:can’t + 动词原形
疑问:Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
例句:I can make noodles from scratch.
二、配套练习题(短文语法填空10空 + 单项选择 + 句型转换)
题型一:短文语法填空(10空,烹饪主题)
阅读短文,用括号内单词的正确形式填空
It’s Sunday morning. My mom and I ______ (be) in the kitchen. Look! Mom ______ (knead) dough to make bread. She often ______ (bake) bread on weekends. I ______ (help) her. I ______ (mix) sugar and milk in a bowl now. I ______ (can make) simple cookies, but I ______ (not make) bread before. Mom says we ______ (need) to wait for the dough to rise. We ______ (be) happy because we ______ (learn) to cook new dishes today.
题型二:单项选择(8道)
( )1. My dad often ______ noodles for us on weekends.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooking
( )2. —What ______ you ______ in the kitchen now?
—I’m washing vegetables.
A. do; do B. are; doing C. can; do
( )3. I ______ make dumplings. It’s too difficult for me.
A. can B. can’t C. am not
( )4. Look! They ______ the table for dinner.
A. set B. sets C. are setting
( )5. My sister ______ cookies every Friday.
A. make B. makes C. making
( )6. —Can you cook rice?
—______. It’s easy.
A. Yes, I can B. No, I can’t C. Yes, I am
( )7. We ______ to buy some ingredients for the meal.
A. need B. needs C. are needing
( )8. Mom is ______ the meat in the pan.
A. fry B. fries C. frying
题型三:句型转换(6小题)
1. I can make tomato and egg soup.(改为否定句)
2. She is cutting vegetables in the kitchen.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
3. My dad cooks dinner every evening.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
4. They are preparing ingredients now.(改为否定句)
5. Can you bake bread?(作否定回答)
6. He washes the dishes after meals.(改为否定句)
解析版参考答案与解析
(一)短文语法填空
1. are解析:(主语My mom and I是复数,be动词用are)
2. is kneading解析:(Look! 提示现在进行时,主语Mom是单数,用is kneading)
3. Bakes解析:(often提示一般现在时,主语She是三单,用bakes)
3. am helping解析:(结合上下文,用现在进行时,主语I用am helping)
4. am mixing解析:(now提示现在进行时,主语I用am mixing)
5. can make解析:(can后接动词原形)
6. can’t make解析:(but表转折,用can’t+动词原形)
7. Need解析:(主语we是复数,一般现在时用need)
7. Are解析:(主语We是复数,be动词用are)
8. are learning解析:(today结合语境,用现在进行时are learning)
(二)单项选择
1. B 解析:(often提示一般现在时,主语dad是三单,用cooks)
2. B 解析:(now提示现在进行时,结构为are + doing)
3. B 解析:(后句说太难,说明不会做,用can’t)
4. C 解析:(Look! 提示现在进行时,用are setting)
5. B 解析:(every Friday提示一般现在时,主语sister是三单,用makes)
6. A 解析:(答句说很简单,说明会做,用Yes, I can)
7. A 解析:(主语we是复数,一般现在时用need)
8. C 解析:(is提示现在进行时,用frying)
(三)句型转换
1. I can’t make tomato and egg soup.
解析:情态动词can变否定,直接加not,缩写为can’t。
2. —Is she cutting vegetables in the kitchen?
—Yes, she is.
解析:现在进行时变疑问,把be动词提前,主语she对应is;肯定回答用Yes, she is.
3. —Does your dad cook dinner every evening?
—No, he doesn’t.
解析:一般现在时三单主语,变疑问用Does+主语+动词原形;否定回答用No, he doesn’t.
4. They aren’t preparing ingredients now.
解析:现在进行时变否定,在be动词后加not,are not缩写为aren’t。
5. No, I can’t.
解析:can引导的一般疑问句,否定回答用No, I can’t.
6. He doesn’t wash the dishes after meals.
解析:一般现在时三单主语,变否定用doesn’t+动词原形。
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