Unit 2 Reading Plus 专项讲练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

九上 Unit 2 Reading Plus 专项讲练​ 板块一：生词精讲（音标+词性+释义+变形+课文原句+拓展）​ 1. smallpox /ˈsmɔːlpɒks/ n. 天花​ 拓展衍生词：cowpox n. 牛痘；chickenpox n. 水痘​ 课文原句：For centuries, smallpox threatened the lives of people across every continent.​ 2. global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；遍及世界的​ 词形变形：globe n. 地球；球状天体​ 核心搭配：global health 全球公共卫生；global crisis 全球性危机​ 课文原句：Smallpox was once a major global health crisis that terrified humans.​ 3. disease /dɪˈziːz/ n. 疾病（侧重传染性、器质性重病）​ 精准辨析：illness 侧重主观身体不适、病痛状态、慢性病；disease 侧重医学确诊的传染病、重症疾病​ 拓展搭配：infectious disease 传染病；preventable disease 可预防疾病​ 4. million /ˈmɪljən/ num. 百万​ 必考用法：具体数字+million（无复数s，不接of）；millions of 数百万的（模糊数量，修饰复数名词）​ 课文原句：This deadly disease claimed millions of innocent lives in ancient times.​ 5. nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ n. 大自然；自然界；天性，本性​ 词形变形：natural adj. 自然的；天然的​ 高频搭配：a deep love for nature 深爱自然；human nature 人性​ 课文原句：The young Jenner showed a strong love for nature and living things.​ 6. apprentice /əˈprentɪs/ n. 学徒；见习生​ 实用搭配：serve as an apprentice 当学徒；a medical apprentice 医学学徒​ 课文原句：To learn medical skills, he served as a doctor’s apprentice for eight long years.​ 7. respect /rɪˈspekt/ v. & n. 尊重；敬佩；遵守​ 词形变形：respected adj. 受人尊敬的；respectful adj. 恭敬的​ 核心搭配：respect others 尊重他人；a highly respected expert 德高望重的专家​ 课文原句：In the 18th century, ordinary medical workers were not highly respected.​ 8. modern /ˈmɒdn/ adj. 现代的；新式的​ 词形变形：modernize v. 使现代化；modernization n. 现代化​ 高频搭配：modern medical technology 现代医疗技术；modern society 现代社会​ 课文原句：At that time, modern medical technology was still extremely backward.​ 9. develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；研发；患上（疾病）；成长​ 词形变形：development n. 发展；进展；developed adj. 发达的；成熟的​ 课文原句：Medical science failed to develop fast enough to beat smallpox back then.​ 10. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 乡村，农村（不可数）​ 精准辨析：countryside 泛指整片乡村区域、郊外田野；village 特指村庄、村落（具体聚居地）​ 课文原句：After finishing his apprenticeship, he returned to the quiet countryside to work.​ 11. research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ v. & n. 研究；调研；探索​ 必考搭配：carry out research 开展研究；scientific research 科学研究​ 课文原句：He spent all his spare time researching the connection between cowpox and smallpox.​ 12. milkmaid /ˈmɪlkmeɪd/ n. 挤奶女工​ 单词拆解：milk (v. 挤奶) + maid (n. 女工、少女) → 从事挤奶工作的女工​ 13. rarely /ˈreəli/ adv. 很少，罕见地（表否定意义）​ 词形变形：rare adj. 稀有的；罕见的；珍贵的​ 语法考点：修饰实义动词放动词前，可用于句首倒装​ 课文原句：Local milkmaids rarely suffered from the deadly smallpox disease.​ 14. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护​ 词形变形：protection n. 保护；防护措施​ 黄金搭配：protect sb./sth. from harm/disease 保护某人/某物免受伤害/疾病侵袭​ 课文原句：Jenner wanted to find a way to protect all people from smallpox infection.​ 15. test /test/ n. & v. 测试；试验；检验​ 高频搭配：conduct strict tests 开展严格试验；test a theory 验证理论​ 课文原句：He conducted dozens of strict tests to prove his medical theory.​ 16. invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；创造（全新事物）​ 词形变形：invention n. 发明物；创造；inventor n. 发明者，发明家​ 精准辨析：discover 发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物；invent 创造世间从未有过的新事物​ 课文原句：He invented a professional term to name his new medical creation.​ 17. vaccine /ˈvæksiːn/ n. 疫苗​ 词源拓展：源自拉丁语 vacca（意为“奶牛”），贴合牛痘疫苗研发起源​ 课文原句：The word “vaccine” was created to honor his cowpox research.​ 18. Latin /ˈlætɪn/ n. 拉丁语 adj. 拉丁语的；古罗马的​ 19. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ adj. 开创性的，先驱性的 n. 先驱，开拓者​ 搭配拓展：a pioneer in medicine 医学先驱；pioneer work 开创性工作​ 课文原句：His pioneer research laid the foundation for modern vaccine development.​ 板块二：核心词组精讲（释义+新编课文原句+原创拓展例句）​ 1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（暗含现在不再发生）​ 原句：People used to live in fear of smallpox all their lives.​ 例句：Jenner used to observe rural animals and plants in his spare time.​ 2. millions of 数百万的（模糊数量，修饰复数名词）​ 例句：Millions of survivors benefited from Jenner’s great medical discovery.​ 3. no longer 不再（置于实义动词前，be动词后）​ 同义替换：not...any longer/any more​ 例句：Thanks to vaccines, smallpox no longer threatens human life.​ 4. raise sb. 抚养某人；养育某人​ 原句：After his parents passed away, his elder brother raised him alone.​ 例句：The kind couple raised several poor children in the countryside.​ 5. have a passion for 热爱……；对……充满热忱与执着​ 例句：Jenner had a lifelong passion for exploring medical mysteries in nature.​ 6. become an apprentice to sb. 成为某人的学徒、见习助手​ 例句：Many young medical learners hoped to become an apprentice to experienced doctors.​ 7. be well-respected 备受敬重、受人尊崇​ 例句：Scientists who devote themselves to saving lives are always well-respected.​ 8. fully developed 充分发展的；完全成熟的；完善的​ 例句：At that time, the medical system in Europe was not fully developed.​ 9. family doctor 家庭私人医生；全科医师​ 例句：Jenner worked as a family doctor and served local villagers for years.​ 10. in one’s free/spare time 在某人空闲之余、闲暇时光​ 原句：In his spare time, he kept observing cowpox cases in rural areas.​ 11. carry out/do research 开展研究；进行探索​ 例句：Modern doctors still do research on vaccine optimization based on Jenner’s work.​ 12. get sick 生病；患病​ 原句：Most milkmaids got slight cowpox but never got seriously sick from smallpox.​ 13. come up with 想出（主意、方案、对策）​ 原句：Jenner came up with a bold idea to prevent smallpox with cowpox.​ 例句：We need to come up with new methods to prevent infectious diseases.​ 14. protect sb. from sth. 保护某人免受……的侵害/伤害​ 例句：Scientific vaccines can effectively protect humans from deadly infectious diseases.​ 15. because of + 名词/代词/短语 因为，由于（介词短语）​ 语法辨析：because + 完整陈述句（连词，引导原因状语从句）​ 原句：Smallpox was finally wiped out because of Jenner’s pioneering work.​ 例句：Many lives were saved because of the timely medical research.​ 16. pioneering research 开创性研究；前沿探索​ 例句：His pioneering research opened a new chapter for global immunology.​ 板块三：长难句精讲（原句+拆解+语法考点+精准翻译）​ 句1​ 原文：For hundreds of years, smallpox was one of the most terrifying global diseases, which killed countless people worldwide.​ 语法考点：one of + 最高级 + 复数名词（最……之一）；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前文整句话内容​ 精准翻译：数百年来，天花是全球最可怕的疾病之一，夺走了全世界无数人的生命。​ 句2​ 原文：It was not easy for the young Jenner to receive formal education, but he insisted on learning about nature.​ 语法考点：It was + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 形式主语结构，it为形式主语，不定式为真正主语；but连接转折并列句​ 精准翻译：年少的詹纳很难接受正规教育，但他始终坚持探索自然知识。​ 句3​ 原文：A medical apprentice is a teenager who learns professional medical skills by assisting senior doctors.​ 语法考点：who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a teenager；by doing sth. 方式状语，表“通过做某事”​ 精准翻译：医学学徒是通过协助资深医生、学习专业医术的青少年。​ 句4​ 原文：It was during his years of rural medical work that Jenner found a special rule about cowpox and smallpox.​ 语法考点：It was + 被强调部分 + that... 强调句型；无特殊疑问词，仅对时间状语进行强调，为高频中考考点​ 精准翻译：正是在乡村行医的数年里，詹纳发现了牛痘与天花之间的特殊规律。​ 句5​ 原文：Cowpox, a mild infectious disease, often affected milkmaids, yet it never caused deadly results like smallpox.​ 语法考点：a mild infectious disease 作同位语，解释说明cowpox；yet表转折，语气比but更委婉​ 精准翻译：牛痘是一种轻微的传染病，常会感染挤奶女工，但绝不会像天花一样致人死亡。​ 句6​ 原文：To prove his guess, Jenner carried out repeated tests on volunteers in the countryside.​ 语法考点：不定式To do 置于句首，作目的状语；carry out tests 固定搭配，表“开展试验”​ 精准翻译：为了验证自己的猜想，詹纳在乡村志愿者身上开展了反复试验。​ 句7​ 原文：The term “vaccine” comes from the Latin word that means “cow”.​ 语法考点：come from 源自、来源于；that引导定语从句修饰the Latin word​ 精准翻译：“疫苗”这个术语源自拉丁语中指代“奶牛”的单词。​ 句8​ 原文：Jenner’s pioneering research has been widely used to develop vaccines against various infectious diseases.​ 语法考点：现在完成时被动语态have/has been done；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事​ 精准翻译：詹纳的开创性研究被广泛应用，用于研发对抗各类传染病的疫苗。​ 板块四：配套分层习题 一、单词适当形式填空（核心变形考点全覆盖）​ 1. Thousands of innocent people ________ (kill) by smallpox in the 19th century.​ 2. The young scientist shows great ________ (passionate) for medical research.​ 3. At 13, the smart boy became a medical ________ (apprentice) in a rural clinic.​ 4. Those who devote their lives to helping others are deeply ________ (respect).​ 5. Medical technology ________ (not develop) well enough to cure rare diseases 200 years ago.​ 6. The researcher kept ________ (do) experiments to improve the new vaccine.​ 7. People in ancient times ________ (rare) understood the principle of disease prevention.​ 8. Scientific vaccines can ________ (protection) humans from most deadly viruses.​ 9. Jenner was the first scientist ________ (invent) the professional word “vaccine”.​ 10. His ________ (pioneer) achievements changed the history of global medicine.​ 二、单项选择（中考高频语法+词组辨析）​ 1. People ________ fear smallpox very much, but now it has disappeared completely.​ A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used for​ 2. ________ of patients were saved because of the new vaccine technology.​ A. Million B. Millions C. A million D. Two millions​ 3. He gave up further study ________ his poor family conditions.​ A. because B. because of C. though D. although​ 4. It is meaningful ________ young students to learn about great scientists’ stories.​ A. for B. of C. to D. with​ 5. We can gain valuable experience ________ practicing and exploring constantly.​ A. on B. by C. in D. at​ 6. The new vaccine can perfectly protect people ________ the terrible disease.​ A. with B. for C. from D. to​ 7. The scientist ________ a new method to prevent infectious diseases successfully.​ A. came up with B. gave up C. looked for D. took up​ 8. The custom ________ an ancient traditional culture of the local village.​ A. comes from B. turns from C. hears from D. learns from​ 9. His classic research ________ to create many new vaccines so far.​ A. is used B. was used C. has been used D. had used​ 10. ________ Jenner had a tough childhood, he never gave up his medical dream.​ A. If B. Although C. But D. When​ 三、句型转换（中考必考句式改写）​ 1. Jenner used to study natural science in his spare time.（改为否定句）​ Jenner ________ ________ study natural science in his spare time.​ 2. The new vaccine can protect children from infectious diseases.（改为被动句）​ Children can ________ ________ from infectious diseases by the new vaccine.​ 3. Because Jenner worked hard, smallpox was finally defeated.（同义改写，用because of）​ ________ ________ Jenner’s hard work, smallpox was finally defeated.​ 4. Jenner discovered the medical secret when he worked as a village doctor.（对划线部分提问）​ ________ ________ Jenner discover the medical secret?​ 5. Doctors use Jenner’s theory to develop new vaccines.（改为现在完成时被动语态）​ Jenner’s theory ________ ________ ________ to develop new vaccines by doctors.​ 四、阅读理解（原文细节题，贴合课文主题）​ 1. What was Jenner’s lifelong hobby?​ A. Studying nature B. Teaching students C. Raising animals​ 2. Who brought up Jenner after his parents’ death?​ A. His teacher B. His elder brother C. A local doctor​ 3. How long did Jenner work as a medical apprentice?​ A. 6 years B. 8 years C. 10 years​ 4. Why were milkmaids safe from smallpox?​ A. They had special body conditions​ B. They were infected with mild cowpox before​ C. They took daily health care​ 5. Where does the word “vaccine” originate from?​ A. A local village language B. Latin word for cow C. A doctor’s name​ 6. What was the final result of Jenner’s tests?​ A. Cowpox could prevent smallpox infection​ B. Smallpox was milder than cowpox​ C. Cowpox could cause new diseases​ 7. What is the value of Jenner’s research today?​ A. It only works for smallpox prevention​ B. It guides the development of various vaccines​ C. It has no practical meaning now​ 五、书面表达（80词左右）​ 主题：Edward Jenner — A Great Medical Pioneer​ 提示：1. 简要介绍詹纳的成长经历；2. 讲述他的重要医学发现与实验；3. 说明其研究对世界的深远贡献。​ 板块五：参考答案 一、单词适当形式填空​ 1. were killed 2. passion 3. apprentice 4. respected 5. didn’t develop​ 6. doing 7. rarely 8. protect 9. to invent 10. pioneering​ 二、单项选择​ 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.B​ 三、句型转换​ 1. didn’t use to 2. be protected 3. Because of 4. When did 5. has been used​ 四、阅读理解​ 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B​ 五、书面表达参考范文（82词）​ Edward Jenner — A Great Medical Pioneer​ Edward Jenner was a brilliant British medical pioneer. He had a difficult childhood and was raised by his brother, but he always loved nature and medical exploration.​ While working as a rural doctor, he found milkmaids who caught mild cowpox would never get smallpox. After countless strict tests, he created the world’s first vaccine.​ His pioneering work wiped out smallpox and provides valuable experience for modern vaccine research. He is a great hero who benefits all humans. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $