Unit6 Beyond Earth 核心语法一般过去时 & 现在完成时 专项练习题 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时区分及三种have短语辨析，以“概念-标志-易错”逻辑构建方法体系，通过多题型梯度训练提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心学习要点|6点|分类归纳三种have短语用法及时态标志词，明确中考易错点|从概念定义到标志词识别，再到易错对比，形成“用法-判断-避错”链条| |选词填空|10道|根据时间标志词（last year/since）和语境（是否返回）选择时态/短语|基础应用，强化时态与短语的匹配判断| |单项选择|10道|综合运用标志词分析法（twice/for years）和语境推理法|进阶考查，融合时态区分与短语辨析| |句型转换/改错|14道|通过“改写/纠错”训练时态转换规则（现完与过去时互换）|深化理解，构建时态间的转换逻辑| |情景写作|2段|要求每段含三种目标语法，实现知识向语用能力迁移|综合应用，体现“学-练-用”闭环|

新人教版九年级上册Unit6 Beyond Earth 核心语法专项练习题 本单元重点语法：一般过去时 & 现在完成时 区分， have/has been to, have/has gone to, have/has been in 辨析 核心学习要点 1. have/has been to 去过某地（人已返回，常搭配ever, never） 2. have/has gone to 去了某地（人还在目的地，未回来） 3. have/has been in 在某地待了多久（后接时间段for/since） 4. 一般过去时：带有yesterday, last year, in 2020等明确过去时间，只用过去式，不与have连用 5. 现在完成时：标志词already, yet, ever, never, since, for, over the years，强调过去动作对现在造成的影响 6. 中考高频易错点：有具体过去时间只能用一般过去时； for/since可搭配现在完成时和一般过去时等其他时态（按句意区分）；三种have短语不可混用 一、选词填空（10道，选用have / has / went / been to / gone to / been in） 1. ________ you ever visited the space station? 2. He ________ Mars last year. 3. My scientist ________ in the lab for three months. 4. They ________ never seen a real space telescope before. 5. Where is Li Ming? He ________ to the space museum. 6. Astronauts ________ to the moon many times in history. 7. ________ your dad work on a rocket project in 2021? 8. We ________ lived near the space centre since 2018. 9. She ________ not read any geology books yet. 10. The engineers ________ to the launch site yesterday morning. 二、单项选择题（10道，三种have短语+一般过去时综合考查） 1. My uncle ____ the space lab twice, and he knows lots of space knowledge A. went to　　　B. has been to　　　C. has gone to　　　D. has been in 2. —Where is the young scientist? —He ____ Beijing to take part in a space meeting A. has been to　　　B. has gone to　　　C. was to　　　D. has been in 3. —When ____ the Xuntian telescope sent into space? —It ____ into space in 2024 A. has; sent　　　B. did; sent　　　C. have; send　　　D. does; send 4. We ____ not met any foreign space experts for five years A. are　　　B. were　　　C. have　　　D. had 5. There ____ a Mars rover named Zhurong on the red planet in 2021 A. is　　　B. was　　　C. has been　　　D. will be 6. Many countries ____ space research teams since Tiangong station was built A. set up　　　B. sets up　　　C. have set up　　　D. will set up 7. —Have you ____ watched the rocket launch live? —No, I ____ one last month A. ever; watched　　　B. yet; didn’t watch　　　C. ever; didn’t watch　　　D. yet; watched 8. He ____ only one space book now, but he ____ ten books last year A. has; read　　　B. have; read　　　C. has; reads　　　D. have; read 9. Scientists ____ many new planets since they invented better telescopes A. found　　　B. finds　　　C. have found　　　D. find 10. Workers ____ the station last month, and they ____ many new parts now A. fixed; make　　　B. fixed; have made　　　C. have fixed; made　　　D. fix; have made 三、句型转换（8道，三种have短语与时态互换） 1. I went to the space museum last summer.（用have been to改写同义句） ________________________________________________________________ 2. They built a new launch base in 2022.（改为现在完成时） ________________________________________________________________ 3. Astronauts lived in small capsules before.（改为一般过去时否定句） ________________________________________________________________ 4. He has worked in the space centre for 8 years.（对划线for 8 years提问） ________________________________________________________________ 5. We have ever been to Mars research lab.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________________________ 6. The rocket took off at 9 a.m. yesterday.（对划线at 9 a.m. yesterday提问） ________________________________________________________________ 7. People found water on Mars years ago.（改为现在完成时，使用over the years） ________________________________________________________________ 8. He is still in the lab.（用has gone to改写同义句） ________________________________________________________________ 四、句子改错（6道，每句一处错误，找出并改正） 1. I have gone to the space station twice, I know its structure well. ________________________________________________________________ 2. They haven’t visited the rover show three weeks ago. ________________________________________________________________ 3. When has the new telescope send into space last year? ________________________________________________________________ 4. He has been to the lab for half a year, he never leaves it. ________________________________________________________________ 5. Many scientists come to work here since the station opened. ________________________________________________________________ 6. It take lots of time to maintain the station ten years ago. ________________________________________________________________ 五、中英翻译（6道，太空探索主题，混合一般过去、现在完成、三种have短语） 1. 我曾经去过航天馆两次，见过祝融模型。 ________________________________________________________________2. 他去火星研究所了，下周才回来。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 自从空间站建成，各国科学家在这里一起工作。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 2021年祝融号成功登陆火星。 ________________________________________________________________ 5. 以前人类很难发射探测器，现在技术更先进。 ________________________________________________________________ 6. 多年来科学家发现了许多遥远星系。 ________________________________________________________________ 六、情景写作运用（两段短文，每段不少于4句话，每段包含一般过去、现在完成、have been to/have gone to句型） 短文1：介绍人类探月、探火历程今昔对比 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 短文2：讲述天宫空间站发展与各国合作探索太空 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 分页分隔线（习题结束，下方为独立参考答案与完整解析） 参考答案与完整解析 一、选词填空答案及解析 1. Have 解析：标志词ever为现在完成时标志，主语you搭配have，单词标注ever。 2. went 解析：last year为明确过去时间，使用go的一般过去式went。 3. has been in 解析：for three months表示持续停留时长，固定搭配has been in。 4. have 解析：never是现在完成时标志性词汇，主语they搭配have。 5. has gone to 解析：询问人物去向、人未返回，选用has gone to。 6. have been to 解析：many times表示多次到访、人已归来，用have been to。 7. Did 解析：in 2021为过去年份，一般过去时疑问句助动词用Did。 8. have 解析：since 2018引导时间起点，搭配现在完成时，主语we用have。 9. has 解析：yet用于现在完成时否定句，主语she为第三人称单数，搭配has。 10. went 解析：yesterday morning是过去时间，动词使用过去式went。 二、单项选择题答案及解析 1 答案B 解析：twice代表多次到访且人已返回，用has been to；has gone to表示人未归，不可搭配次数，单词标注has been to。 2 答案B 解析：人前往外地参会尚未回来，选用has gone to。 3 答案B 解析：in 2024是具体过去年份，只能使用一般过去时，助动词did，动词变回原形send。 4 答案C 解析：for five years为现完时间段标志，have not met 二十年未见。 5 答案B 解析：in 2021为过去时间，be动词选用一般过去式was。 6 答案C 解析：since引导时间起点，动作持续到现在，用现在完成时have set up。 7 答案A 解析：ever用于现在完成时疑问句；last month为过去时间，动词用过去式watched。 8 答案A 解析：now对应一般现在时has；last year搭配过去式read。 9 答案C 解析：since为现在完成时标志，多年持续发现行星，用have found。 10 答案B 解析：last month用一般过去式fixed；now体现当下成果，用have made。 三、句型转换标准答案 1 I have been to the space museum. 解析：have been to 替换一般过去时，表达曾经到访。 2 They have built a new launch base. 解析：去掉过去时间状语，改为现在完成时，突出现有成果。 3 Astronauts didn’t live in small capsules before. 解析：实义动词一般过去时否定结构：didn’t + 动词原形。 4 How long has he worked in the space centre? 解析：for+时间段提问使用How long，保持现在完成时结构。 5 Have you ever been to Mars research lab? 解析：现在完成时疑问句将助have提前，人称对应转换。 6 When did the rocket take off yesterday? 解析：对过去具体时间提问，助动词did，动词还原take。 7 People have found water on Mars over the years. 解析：替换过去时间，搭配现完标志短语over the years。 8 He has gone to the lab. 解析：人停留在实验室未返回，用has gone to表达去向。 四、句子改错标准答案+错误点说明 1 错误：have gone to；改正：have been to 解析：twice说明人已经返回，gone to仅表示人外出未归，不能搭配次数。 2 错误：haven’t visited；改正：didn’t visit 解析：three weeks ago是明确过去时间，只能使用一般过去时。 3 错误：has; send；改正：did; send 解析：last year属于过去时间，疑问句用助动词did。 4 错误：has been to；改正：has been in 解析：for half a year表停留时长，been in用于长期待在某地。 5 错误：come；改正：have come 解析：since引导时间状语，主句必须使用现在完成时。 6 错误：take；改正：took 解析：ten years ago为过去时间，take的过去式为took。 五、中英翻译标准答案 1 I have been to the space museum twice and I have seen the model of Zhurong. 解析：have been to 曾经去过，单元核心单词Zhurong祝融号。 2 He has gone to the Mars research institute and he won’t come back until next week. 解析：has gone to 人外出未归，until引导时间状语从句。 3 Many scientists from different countries have worked together here since Tiangong station was built. 解析：since搭配现在完成时，贴合太空合作单元主题。 4 Zhurong rover successfully landed on Mars in 2021. 解析：in 2021为过去时间，只用一般过去时landed。 5 It was hard for humans to launch rovers in the past, but space technology is much better now. 解析：in the past对应一般过去时，今昔形成对比。 6 Scientists have discovered lots of distant galaxies over the years. 解析：over the years现在完成时标志，核心词汇discover、galaxy。 六、情景写作参考范文 短文1 Humans have made great progress in space exploration. People only could send simple rockets fifty years ago. They didn’t land any spacecraft on Mars at that time. We have been to the moon several times since 1969. My science teacher has gone to a Mars research centre to do experiments these days. We have found lots of new planets with modern telescopes. It’s amazing to see how fast space technology develops. 解析：包含一般过去时(fifty years ago)、现在完成时、have been to/has gone to三类目标语法。 短文2 Tiangong station brings chances for international cooperation. In 2022, Chinese workers finished most parts of the station. Many foreign scientists have been to Tiangong to take part in space tasks. One French scientist has gone to the station and he will stay there for six months. We have developed better maintenance machines over the years. Countries used to work alone on space projects, but now they cooperate with each other to explore outer space together. 解析：包含一般过去时(in 2022)、现在完成时、have been to / has gone to 核心句型。 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $