2026年中考英语语法被动语态专项练习

该初中英语讲义聚焦被动语态中考核心考点，系统梳理概念、五种时态结构、主动变被动三要领及特殊句式（双宾语、使役动词等），通过“定义解析-结构公式-转化步骤-真题演练”四阶教学，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破语法难点。 亮点在于“情境化真题训练”与“错误归因指导”，如针对使役动词被动还原to设计对比练习，培养学生思维品质。含51道中考真题及分层练习，配合考点精准解析，助力学生提升语言能力和应试技巧，教师可据此优化复习节奏，实现高效备考。

中学语法专项练习 被动语态 一、主动语态和被动语态 概念： 当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。 当主语是谓语的承受者（行为动作的对象）时，用被动语态。如： 我们每天都打扫教室。 We clean the classroom every day. (主动语态) 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.(被动语态) 二、被动语态的场合： 1.动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。 Football is played all over the world. 全世界踢足球。 2.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。 His bike was stolen yesterday. 昨天他自行车被人偷了。 3.需要强调动作的承受者时。 The old are taken good care of here. 在这儿老人被照顾很好。 4.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。 The problem will be talked about tomorrow. 这个问题明天讨论。 5.在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。 The computer was turned off by Tom just now. 电脑刚才由Tom打开的。 注意：表示客观的说明常用“It’s +过去分词”句型。     It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.     这类句型有：     It’s said that ….据说……     It’s reported that….据报道……     It’s believed that….大家相信…… 三、被动语态结构: 主语+ be +及物动词的过去分词 一般现在时：am/is/are +及物动词过去分词 Many trees are planted every year. 一般过去时：was/were +及物动词过去分词 All the work was finished last week. 一般将来时：shall/will be +及物动词过去分词 A bridge will be built over the river in 2020 情态动词：情态动词(must,can,..)+be+及物动词过去分词 The children must be looked after well. 用动词的正确形式填空。 1.Young trees in the garden _________(water) well every day. 2.--- _____the pictures ______ (draw)by your sister just now? ---Yes, they ______ 3.The Nanjing Changjiang Bridge ________ (build) in the 1950s. 4.Will you play with me when your homework _______ (do)? 5.Must the magazine ________(put) on the shelf? ---Yes. 7.The old desks can _________ (take) away. 8.Thirty bikes ____________ (fix) by Uncle Wang last week. 9.---How often ___ the house _____ (clean) by your mother?---Every day. 四、把主动语态变为被动语态的三要领： 1) 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语; 2) 把主动句的谓语动词形式变为被动句的谓语动词形式,即 “be+过去分词”; 3) 把主动句的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语.但by引起的介词短语常省略. 即：宾变主，主变宾，by短语可后跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用 e.g. The woman looked after them last year. →They were looked after by the woman last year. 把主动语态变成被动语态。 1. 一般现在时被动语态结构：(am/is/are +p.p.) 1 He feed his dog every day. 2. 一般过去时被动语态结构: (was/were +p.p.) 1. We built this library last year. 3. 一般将来时被动语态: 结构式：will/shall +be+p.p. ; am/is/are going to be +p.p. 1. He will draw a picture tomorrow. 4.情态动词的被动语态: 结构式：can/must/may/should +be +p.p. 1. He can make some machines. 五、不及物动词,没有被动语态,但在这些动词后面加上介词后,就变成了及物的短语,就可以变成被动句. 不过要特别注意短语动词中的介词绝对不能丢失. 如: They can take good care of the children.→The children can be taken good care of. The doctor operated on the old man last week. → The old man ____ ____ _____last week 六、主语+谓语+双宾语的被动语态转化。 带有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时,把其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语保留不动.一般把表示人的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，也可以把表示物的直接宾语变为被动句的主语 如: 主动 He 主语 gave 谓语(主动) me 间接宾语① a book 直接宾语② 被动 I 间宾（改主格）① was given 谓语(被动) a book 直接宾语 by him 原主语(改宾格) A book 原直宾② was given 谓语(被动) to me 间宾 by him 原主语(改宾格) 一般在tell, show, give, bring, sell, lend, pass等动词后面加to; 在buy, make, do, sing, draw等动词后面加上for. The teacher told us a story.→ ______ _____ told a story by the teacher. A story _____ _____ _____ _______ by the teacher. Mr Green will buy us some toys.→_____ _____ ____ _____some toys by Mr Green. Some toys _______ _______ ______ ______ us by Mr Green 七、在主动句中,谓语动词是 let, make, have等使役动词 或feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等时, 它们后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动句后,其后作主语补足语的动词不定式前面则应加上不定式符号to . 主动 The teacher 主语 made 谓语(主动) us 宾语 sing a song 不带to的不定式 被动 We 原宾语（改主格） were made 谓语(被动) to sing a song 带to的不定式 by the teacher. 原主语(改宾格) 如: We often hear him read English in the room. →_______ ______ often _____ ____ _____ _______in the room. 八  不使用被动语态的几种情况： 1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 如：appear, disappear, die, end, fail, happen, last, spread, break out, come true, fall asleep, take place.例如： What was happened to him？(错误) What happened to him？ (正确)  2、系动词（包括感官动词）无被动语态. 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。 The flower smells sweet. The dish tastes delicious. 3 还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态和well, easily ,smoothly 等副词连用含被动意义。 如： sell, write, wash, clean， cook, draw, read 等。 如：This kind of books sells sell. 这种书籍畅销。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑 把下列句子改成被动语态: 1. They helped the poor child last week. The poor child ______ ______ by ____ last week. 2. We collect warm clothes for the poor people. _____ _____ _____ ______ for the poor people (by ____). 3. My parents give me a birthday present every year. ① ② 4. She always takes care of the little cat. The little cat ____ always _____ _____ ______(by____). 5. He made me do that. _____ _____ ____ ____ ____ that by him. 2. I often see them walk in the park.. ____ ____ often _____ ____ ______ in the park. 被动语态专项练习 姓名： 年级 分数 ( )1.In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey to be smart. A.say B.said C.will be said D.are said ( )2.-Your new sweater looks beautiful. Is it pure wool?-Yes,and it's Inner Mongolia. A.made by;made for B.made of;made by C.made of;made in D.made by;made from ( )3.-Have you finished your fashion design?-Not yet.I'll finish it if I ten more minutes. A.am given B.give C.will give D.will be given ( )4.Few students can understand the sentence until it twice or three times. A.explains B.is explained C.will be explained D.has explained ( )5.Another two months will be needed before the new bridge · A.completes B.is completed C.has completed D.will be completed ( )6.-Do you have Jay's CDs? -Sorry,they are .But we'll get some more next week because they . A.sold well; are on sale B.sold out; sell well C.selling well;sell well D.for sale;sell well ( )7.-Do you like reading books?-Yes.Each of us_ to do more reading in and after class. A.are encouraged B.encourage C.is encouraged D.is encouraging ( )8.Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai to be separated into four different groups. A.is requiring B.is required C.was required D.required ( )9.This kind of pen , and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some. A.writes well B.writes good C.is written well D.is written good ( )10.In Miss Lin's class,many chances to students to leam from each other. A.offer B.offered C.are offering D.are offered ( ) 11.The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it 18 years ago. A.set up B.is set up C.was set up D.will be set up ( ) 12.I learnt to swim when I was six.I by my mother. A.am taught B.was taught C.will be taught D.have taught ( )13.-What do you think of yesterday's activity in your community? -Wonderful.A lot of useful advice on self-protection . A.is offered B.are offered C.was offered D.were offered ( )14.-Simon,do you know who invented the kite?-Surel It by Mozi over 2,000 years ago. A.is invented B.invented C.was invented D.will be invented ( )15.The missing boy was last seen near the river. A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play ( )16.Though he often made his little sister ,today he was made by his little sister. A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry ( )17.-Why is your bedroom so dirty?-Sorry,Mum.It .I felt very tired after playing soccer. A.isn't cleaned B.didn't clean C.doesn't clean D.wasn't cleaned ( )18.-Hey,Molly.You on the phone just now. But you weren't here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A.wanted B.are wanted C.were wanted D.have wanted ( )19.Alice some advice on how to improve her listening skills, and she gladly accepted Miss Green's. A.gave B.was given C.gives D.is given ( )20.As the curtain ,the famous singer came out. The fans and screamed with excitement. A.was raised;rose B.had been raised;were raised C.rose;were raised D.had risen;raised ( )21.The high-speed railway in this city last year. It is easier for people to travel now. A.will build B.will be built C.was built D.built ( )22.Last December, a man who stole a shared bike 1,000 yuan by the police. A.fined B.was fined C.will be fined D.has fined ( )23.The disabled people shouldn't .Instead,we should be friendly to them. A.look down B.look down on C.be looked down on D.be looked down ( )24.The clothes need ,but youdo that yourself. A.to wash; don't need B.washing; needn't to C.to wash; don't need to D.washing;needn't ( )25.-Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school? -No.They shouldn't to drive because they are not serious enough. A.allow B.allowed C.be allowed D.have allowed ( )26.The film made by Walt Disney all over the world. A.is used to show B.is used to showing C.used to show D.used to be shown ( )27.The 2029 International Horticultural Expo in Yangzhou. A.holds B.will hold C.is held D.will be held ( )28.A lot of new roads in order to develop the villages in the next five years. A.built B.were built C.build D.will be built ( )29.-An AI robot in our school dining hall next term.-I'm looking forward to it. A.will use B.will be used C.is used D.was used ( ) 30.It's said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period. A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built ( ) 31.We're sure that the environment in our city greatlythrough our work in the near future. ) A.improved B.was improved C.has improved D.will be improved ( )32.To make the environment much better,more trees next year. A.plant B.will plant C.are planted D.will be planted ( )33.-Mum,my bike is broken. It requires .-Don't worry. Your dad will have it soon. A.repairing;repaired B.to be repaired;repairing C.to repair; to repair D.repairing;to be repaired ( ) 34.-The World War I I in1939 and ended in 1945.People lived a hard life. -Yes.My grandfather was in at that time. A.broke out;twenties B. was broken out; his twenties C.broke out;his twenties D.was broken out; the twenties ( )35.-What do you the TV series?-It is . I've never seen such a better one before. A.like about;thought highly of B.think of; highly thought of C.think about; thought well D.think about; highly though about ( )36.-Excuse me,could you please tell me if the sports meeting on time? -Hard to say.If it tomorrow, we will have to put it off. A.will hold;rains B.will be held;rains C.will hold;will rain D.holds;will rain ( )37.-The little boy,along with his classmates, for their bravery action in time of danger. -I think we should learn from them. A.were praised B.was praised C.have praised D.has praised ( )38.-Children under 12 should not drive e-bikes. -That's true. We are also advised helmets（头盔）to keep safe. A.allow;wearing B.be allowed to; to wear C.allowed to;to wear D.be allowed to; wearing ( )39.We have only fifty minutes left.--No hurry.I guess our flight because of the snowstorm. A.will be cancelled B.will cancel C.was cancelled. D.has cancelled ( )40.Yuan Longping,the father of hybrid rice, with the other 41 great people, the Medal of the Republic （共和国勋章）by President Xi Jinping on Sept. 17,2019． A.was presented with -B.had presented to C.were presented to D.has presented with ( )41.-Boys and girls,traffic rules should be traffic accidents.-Thanks,Mr.Li. A.paid attention to avoid B.paid attention toto avoiding C.paid attention to avoiding D.paid attention to to avoid ( )42.-The 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing and Zhangjiakou. -Yes.And my best friend will his girl friend at that time. A.will hold;marry B.will be held;get married with C.will be taken place; get married to D.will take place;marry ( )43.-When will the railway that connects the two cities open? -next year.Only two thirds been built. A.Until;has B.Until;have C.Not until;has D.Not until;have ( ) 44.At last,the girl was made to music and began to do her homework. A.stop listening B.to stop to listen C.to stop listening D.stop to listen ( )45.These kinds of educational books in that shop over there.They well. A.are sold;are sold B.are sold;sell C.sell;sell D.sell;are sold ( )46.-When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center?- tomorrow. A.Until the work will be done B.Until the work is done C.Not until the work will be done D.Not until the work is done ( )47.When you visit a museum,some instructions should and we'd better not them. A.pay attention to;be against B.be paid attention;against C.be paid attention to;against D.be paid attention to;be against ( )48.It will be much easier for people in Yangzhou to go out after the High-speed Rail A.was built B.is built C.builds D.built ( )49.The elderly couple a walk outside at this time yesterday.Nobody knows when they went back. A.was seen taking B.were seen taking C.were seen to take D.was seen took ( ) 50.-Who the Harry Potter series ?-J.K.Rowling. A.did;be written B.was;written C.was;written by D.did;be written by ( )51.Do you know when we ?-I'm not sure.I will tell you about it when the time A.leave;is fixed B.will leave;is fixed C.leave;will be fixed D.will leave;will be fixed 参考答案 1-5：DCABB 6-10：BCBAD 11-15：CBCCA 16-20：ADCBA 1. 答案：D 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：固定结构be said to do sth表“据说…”，描述客观文化常识，用一般现在时的被动are said。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，语义不符（孩子是被说聪明，不是主动说）； B. 一般过去时，不符合客观常识的时态要求； C. 将来时被动，语义不符。 2. 答案：C 考点：make相关短语辨析 · 正确选项：第一空be made of表“由…制成（能看出原材料）”，羊毛毛衣可以看出原材料；第二空be made in表“在某地生产”，后接产地“内蒙古”。 · 错误选项： A. be made by表“由某人制造”，be made for表“为…制作”，均不符合语境； B、D. be made from表“由…制成（看不出原材料）”，不符合羊毛毛衣的特点。 3. 答案：A 考点：条件状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；“我被多给10分钟”是被动语态，用am given。 · 错误选项： B. 主动语态，语义不符（我是被给予时间的对象）； C、D. 从句不能用将来时。 4. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：until引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时；“句子被解释”是被动语态，用is explained。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符（句子是被解释的对象）； C. 从句不能用将来时。 5. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：before引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时；“新桥被完工”是被动语态，用is completed。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，语义不符（桥是被建造完工的对象）； D. 从句不能用将来时。 6. 答案：B 考点：主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：第一空be sold out表“被卖光”，符合“周杰伦的CD卖完了”的语境；第二空sell well是主动表被动的固定用法，表“畅销”，不需要被动。 · 错误选项： A. sold well不能和be动词连用，on sale表“促销”，语义不符； C. 第一空是被动含义，不能用主动的selling well； D. for sale表“待售”，不符合“已经卖完”的语境。 7. 答案：C 考点：主谓一致+被动语态 · 正确选项：each of us作主语时谓语用单数；“我们被鼓励多读书”是被动语态，用is encouraged。 · 错误选项： A. 主谓一致错误，each作主语谓语用单数； B. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 现在进行时主动，语义不符。 8. 答案：B 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：now是一般现在时标志，“生活垃圾被要求分类”是被动语态，用is required。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符（垃圾是被要求分类的对象）； C. 一般过去时，和now的语境不符。 9. 答案：A 考点：主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：表示物体本身属性的动词（如write, sell, wash）用主动形式表被动含义，“笔好写”用writes well，副词well修饰动词write。 · 错误选项： B. good是形容词不能修饰动词； C、D. 不需要用被动语态，不符合主动表被动的规则。 10. 答案：D 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“机会被提供给学生”是被动语态，一般现在时结构为are offered。 · 错误选项： A、B、C. 均为主动语态，语义不符（机会是被提供的对象）。 11. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：18 years ago是一般过去时标志，“救援队被建立”是被动语态，用was set up。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，语义不符； B. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； D. 将来时被动，语义不符。 12. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“我六岁的时候”是过去的时间，“我被妈妈教游泳”是被动语态，用was taught。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； C. 将来时被动，语义不符； D. 现在完成时主动，语义和时态均错误。 13. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态+主谓一致 · 正确选项：“昨天的活动”是过去的时间，“建议被提供”是被动语态；advice是不可数名词，谓语用单数was offered。 · 错误选项： A、B. 时态错误，不是现在的动作； D. 主谓一致错误，advice不可数，不能用were。 14. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：over 2000 years ago是一般过去时标志，“风筝被墨子发明”是被动语态，用was invented。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； B. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 将来时被动，语义不符。 15. 答案：A 考点：感官动词的被动结构 · 正确选项：see sb doing sth表“看到某人正在做某事”，被动结构为sb be seen doing sth，表“被看到正在做某事”，符合“失踪的男孩最后被看到正在河边玩”的语境。 · 错误选项： B. 结构错误； C. see sb do sth表“看到全过程”，被动结构为sb be seen to do sth，不符合“最后被看到时正在玩”的瞬时语境； D. 不符合语境。 16. 答案：A 考点：使役动词的被动还原 · 正确选项：使役动词make的主动结构为make sb do sth（省略to），变为被动语态时要还原to，结构为sb be made to do sth，因此第一空是cry，第二空是to cry。 · 错误选项： B、C、D. 均不符合被动还原to的规则。 17. 答案：D 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“卧室没被打扫”是过去的动作（踢完足球之后的事），用一般过去时的被动wasn't cleaned。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的语境不符； B、C. 主动语态，语义不符（卧室是被打扫的对象）。 18. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：just now是一般过去时标志，“你被电话找”是被动语态，用were wanted。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符； B. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符。 19. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：后文accepted是一般过去时，说明动作发生在过去，“爱丽丝被给建议”是被动语态，用was given。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符。 20. 答案：A 考点：rise/raise的辨析+被动语态 · 正确选项：第一空raise是及物动词，表“升起（人为举起）”，“幕布被升起”用被动was raised；第二空rise是不及物动词，表“起身、站起来”，主动形式，过去式为rose。 · 错误选项： B、C. 粉丝站起来是主动动作，不需要被动； D. raise是及物动词，后面需要接宾语，不能单独用。 参考答案 21-25：CBCDC 26-30：DDDBC 31-35：DDACB 36-40：BBBAA 21. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：last year是一般过去时标志，高铁是“被建造”，用一般过去时的被动结构was built。 · 错误选项： A、B. 将来时，和过去的时间标志矛盾； D. 主动语态，高铁不能自己建造，语义错误。 22. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：Last December是一般过去时标志，偷车的人是“被罚款”，用一般过去时的被动was fined。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，人是被警察罚款，语义错误； C. 将来时，和过去时间矛盾； D. 现在完成时主动，时态和语态均错误。 23. 答案：C 考点：被动语态与固定短语 · 正确选项：look down on sb是固定短语，表“看不起某人”，残疾人是“被看不起”，用被动结构be looked down on。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，语义错误； D. 缺少介词on，结构不完整。 24. 答案：D 考点：need的特殊用法 · 正确选项：物作主语时，need doing = need to be done表“需要被…”，此处衣服需要被洗，填washing；第二空need作情态动词时，否定形式是needn't + 动词原形，符合语法。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空应该用被动含义的washing/to be washed，不能用to wash； B. 第二空needn't是情态动词，后面直接加动词原形，不能加to。 25. 答案：C 考点：情态动词的被动语态 · 正确选项：16岁的青少年是“被允许开车”，情态动词的被动结构为情态动词+ be + 过去分词，填be allowed。 · 错误选项： A、B、D. 均为主动语态，语义错误。 26. 答案：D 考点：used to的被动语态 · 正确选项：used to do sth表“过去常常做某事”，电影是“被放映”，被动结构为used to be shown。 · 错误选项： A. be used to do表“被用来做某事”，语义错误； B. be used to doing表“习惯于做某事”，语义错误； C. 主动语态，电影不能自己放映，语义错误。 27. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：2029年是将来的时间，园艺博览会是“被举办”，用一般将来时的被动will be held。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，博览会不能自己举办，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 28. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the next five years是将来的时间标志，道路是“被修建”，用一般将来时的被动will be built。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，道路不能自己修建，语义错误； B. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 29. 答案：B 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：next term是将来的时间标志，AI机器人是“被使用”，用一般将来时的被动will be used。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，机器人不能自己使用，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，D. 一般过去时的被动，均和将来时间矛盾。 30. 答案：C 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the coming Asian Youth Games period是将来的时间标志，文化村是“被建造”，用一般将来时的被动will be built。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，文化村不能自己建造，语义错误； D. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 31. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the near future是将来的时间标志，环境是“被改善”，用一般将来时的被动will be improved。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，环境不能自己改善，语义错误； B. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 32. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：next year是将来的时间标志，树是“被种植”，用一般将来时的被动will be planted。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，树不能自己种植，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 33. 答案：A 考点：固定搭配的被动含义 · 正确选项：物作主语时，require doing = require to be done表“需要被…”，自行车需要被修，填repairing；have sth done是固定结构，表“让某物被…”，让自行车被修，填repaired。 · 错误选项： B、C、D. 不符合两个固定结构的用法规则。 34. 答案：C 考点：主动表被动的短语+固定搭配 · 正确选项：break out（爆发）是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，用主动形式broke out；in one's twenties是固定短语，表“在某人二十多岁时”，填his twenties。 · 错误选项： A. 第二空缺少物主代词his； B、D. break out无被动语态，不能用was broken out。 35. 答案：B 考点：固定搭配+被动语态 · 正确选项：询问对某事物的看法用固定句型What do you think of sth?；think highly of sb/sth表“高度评价”，被动结构为be highly thought of。 · 错误选项： A. like about不符合询问看法的固定句型； C、D. think about表“考虑”，语义不符，且被动结构错误。 36. 答案：B 考点：被动语态+主将从现 · 正确选项：第一个if表“是否”，引导宾语从句，运动会是“被举办”，将来的动作用将来被动will be held；第二个if表“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时rains。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空是被动含义，不能用主动will hold； D. 第一空时态错误，第二空条件状语从句不能用将来时。 37. 答案：B 考点：主谓一致（就远原则）+被动语态 · 正确选项：along with连接并列主语时遵循就远原则，和单数主语the little boy保持一致，谓语用单数；小男孩是“被表扬”，用被动结构was praised。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主谓一致错误，不用复数； D. 主动语态，语义错误，且主谓不一致。 38. 答案：B 考点：固定搭配的被动结构 · 正确选项：be allowed to do sth表“被允许做某事”，符合“12岁以下儿童不应该被允许骑电动车”的语境；be advised to do sth是固定短语，表“被建议做某事”。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空语态和结构错误； D. 第二空advise后接不定式作宾补，不能用动名词wearing。 39. 答案：A 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：航班是“被取消”，且是还未发生的将来动作，用一般将来时的被动will be cancelled。 · 错误选项： B、D. 主动语态，航班不能自己取消，语义错误； C. 一般过去时的被动，和“还剩50分钟”的语境矛盾。 40. 答案：A 考点：主谓一致（就远原则）+被动语态 · 正确选项：with连接并列主语时遵循就远原则，和单数主语Yuan Longping保持一致，谓语用单数；袁隆平是“被授予共和国勋章”，2019年是过去时间，用一般过去时的被动was presented with。 · 错误选项： B、D. 主动语态，语义错误； C. 主谓一致错误，不用复数were。 参考答案 41-45：DDCCB 46-51：DDBBCB 41. 答案：D 考点：被动语态+不定式作目的状语 · 正确选项：pay attention to traffic rules变为被动是traffic rules should be paid attention to，后面接不定式to avoid作目的状语，表“遵守交通规则是为了避免交通事故”。 · 错误选项： A. 缺少表目的的不定式符号to； B、C. 目的状语要用不定式to do，不能用动名词avoiding。 42. 答案：D 考点：主动表被动的短语+marry的固定搭配 · 正确选项：第一空take place（举办）是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，直接用will take place；第二空marry sb是固定搭配，表“和某人结婚”。 · 错误选项： A. 第一空冬奥会是被举办，不能用主动will hold； B. get married后接宾语要加介词to，不能用with； C. take place无被动语态，不能用will be taken place。 43. 答案：C 考点：until的用法+主谓一致 · 正确选项：第一空表“直到明年才开通”，用not...until结构，强调动作在某个时间点才开始；第二空主语是单数的railway，two thirds指代铁路工程的三分之二，是不可数概念，谓语用单数has。 · 错误选项： A、B. until单独使用表“动作持续到某个时间点”，不符合“明年才开通”的语境； D. 第二空主谓一致错误，不能用复数have。 44. 答案：C 考点：使役动词的被动语态+stop的固定搭配 · 正确选项：使役动词make的被动结构为be made to do sth，需要还原不定式符号to；stop doing sth表“停止正在做的事”，此处指停止听音乐，用stop listening。 · 错误选项： A、D. 被动结构缺少不定式符号to； B. stop to listen表“停下来去听音乐”，和后文“开始做作业”的语境矛盾。 45. 答案：B 考点：被动语态+主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：第一空书是“被售卖”，用一般现在时的被动are sold；第二空sell well是固定用法，主动形式表被动含义，表“卖得好”。 · 错误选项： A. 第二空不需要被动语态； C、D. 第一空书不能自己售卖，要用被动语态。 46. 答案：D 考点：until的用法+主将从现 · 正确选项：表“直到工作完成才去看比赛”用not...until结构；until引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，工作是“被完成”，用一般现在时的被动is done。 · 错误选项： A、B. until单独使用不符合“完成工作才去”的语境，且从句不能用将来时； C. 时间状语从句不能用将来时will be done。 47. 答案：D 考点：被动语态+固定搭配 · 正确选项：第一空规则是“被注意”，pay attention to的被动结构为be paid attention to，介词to不能省略；第二空had better not后接动词原形，be against sth表“违反某事”。 · 错误选项： A. 第一空应该用被动语态； B. 第一空缺少介词to，第二空缺少be动词； C. 第二空缺少be动词，against是介词不能直接作谓语。 48. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的主将从现+被动语态 · 正确选项：after引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，高铁是“被建造”，用一般现在时的被动is built。 · 错误选项： A. 一般过去时的被动，和将来的语境矛盾； C. 主动语态，高铁不能自己建造，语义错误； D. 一般过去时主动，时态和语态均错误。 49. 答案：B 考点：主谓一致+感官动词的被动结构 · 正确选项：the elderly couple（老夫妻）是复数概念，谓语用复数were；see sb doing sth的被动结构为sb be seen doing sth，表“被看到正在做某事”，at this time yesterday是过去的时间点，强调当时正在散步，用taking。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主谓一致错误，不能用单数was； C. see sb do sth的被动表“被看到做了全过程”，不符合“某个时间点正在做”的语境。 50. 答案：C 考点：被动语态的特殊疑问句 · 正确选项：询问“书被谁写的”，被动结构为be written by sb，疑问句语序为Who was the Harry Potter series written by?。 · 错误选项： A、D. 被动语态不需要加助动词did； B. 缺少介词by，结构不完整。 51. 答案：B 考点：宾语从句+时间状语从句的时态规则 · 正确选项：第一空when引导宾语从句，询问将来的安排，用一般将来时will leave；第二空when引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，时间是“被确定”，用一般现在时的被动is fixed。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空是将来的动作，不能用一般现在时； D. 时间状语从句不能用将来时will be fixed。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中学语法专项练习 被动语态 一、主动语态和被动语态 概念： 当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。 当主语是谓语的承受者（行为动作的对象）时，用被动语态。如： 我们每天都打扫教室。 We clean the classroom every day. (主动语态) 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.(被动语态) 二、被动语态的场合： 1.动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。 Football is played all over the world. 全世界踢足球。 2.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。 His bike was stolen yesterday. 昨天他自行车被人偷了。 3.需要强调动作的承受者时。 The old are taken good care of here. 在这儿老人被照顾很好。 4.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。 The problem will be talked about tomorrow. 这个问题明天讨论。 5.在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。 The computer was turned off by Tom just now. 电脑刚才由Tom打开的。 注意：表示客观的说明常用“It’s +过去分词”句型。     It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.     这类句型有：     It’s said that ….据说……     It’s reported that….据报道……     It’s believed that….大家相信…… 三、被动语态结构: 主语+ be +及物动词的过去分词 一般现在时：am/is/are +及物动词过去分词 Many trees are planted every year. 一般过去时：was/were +及物动词过去分词 All the work was finished last week. 一般将来时：shall/will be +及物动词过去分词 A bridge will be built over the river in 2020 情态动词：情态动词(must,can,..)+be+及物动词过去分词 The children must be looked after well. 用动词的正确形式填空。 1.Young trees in the garden _________(water) well every day. 2.--- _____the pictures ______ (draw)by your sister just now? ---Yes, they ______ 3.The Nanjing Changjiang Bridge ________ (build) in the 1950s. 4.Will you play with me when your homework _______ (do)? 5.Must the magazine ________(put) on the shelf? ---Yes. 7.The old desks can _________ (take) away. 8.Thirty bikes ____________ (fix) by Uncle Wang last week. 9.---How often ___ the house _____ (clean) by your mother?---Every day. 四、把主动语态变为被动语态的三要领： 1) 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语; 2) 把主动句的谓语动词形式变为被动句的谓语动词形式,即 “be+过去分词”; 3) 把主动句的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语.但by引起的介词短语常省略. 即：宾变主，主变宾，by短语可后跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用 e.g. The woman looked after them last year. →They were looked after by the woman last year. 把主动语态变成被动语态。 1. 一般现在时被动语态结构：(am/is/are +p.p.) 1 He feed his dog every day. 2. 一般过去时被动语态结构: (was/were +p.p.) 1. We built this library last year. 3. 一般将来时被动语态: 结构式：will/shall +be+p.p. ; am/is/are going to be +p.p. 1. He will draw a picture tomorrow. 4.情态动词的被动语态: 结构式：can/must/may/should +be +p.p. 1. He can make some machines. 五、不及物动词,没有被动语态,但在这些动词后面加上介词后,就变成了及物的短语,就可以变成被动句. 不过要特别注意短语动词中的介词绝对不能丢失. 如: They can take good care of the children.→The children can be taken good care of. The doctor operated on the old man last week. → The old man ____ ____ _____last week 六、主语+谓语+双宾语的被动语态转化。 带有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时,把其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语保留不动.一般把表示人的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，也可以把表示物的直接宾语变为被动句的主语 如: 主动 He 主语 gave 谓语(主动) me 间接宾语① a book 直接宾语② 被动 I 间宾（改主格）① was given 谓语(被动) a book 直接宾语 by him 原主语(改宾格) A book 原直宾② was given 谓语(被动) to me 间宾 by him 原主语(改宾格) 一般在tell, show, give, bring, sell, lend, pass等动词后面加to; 在buy, make, do, sing, draw等动词后面加上for. The teacher told us a story.→ ______ _____ told a story by the teacher. A story _____ _____ _____ _______ by the teacher. Mr Green will buy us some toys.→_____ _____ ____ _____some toys by Mr Green. Some toys _______ _______ ______ ______ us by Mr Green 七、在主动句中,谓语动词是 let, make, have等使役动词 或feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等时, 它们后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动句后,其后作主语补足语的动词不定式前面则应加上不定式符号to . 主动 The teacher 主语 made 谓语(主动) us 宾语 sing a song 不带to的不定式 被动 We 原宾语（改主格） were made 谓语(被动) to sing a song 带to的不定式 by the teacher. 原主语(改宾格) 如: We often hear him read English in the room. →_______ ______ often _____ ____ _____ _______in the room. 八  不使用被动语态的几种情况： 1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 如：appear, disappear, die, end, fail, happen, last, spread, break out, come true, fall asleep, take place.例如： What was happened to him？(错误) What happened to him？ (正确)  2、系动词（包括感官动词）无被动语态. 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。 The flower smells sweet. The dish tastes delicious. 3 还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态和well, easily ,smoothly 等副词连用含被动意义。 如： sell, write, wash, clean， cook, draw, read 等。 如：This kind of books sells sell. 这种书籍畅销。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑 把下列句子改成被动语态: 1. They helped the poor child last week. The poor child ______ ______ by ____ last week. 2. We collect warm clothes for the poor people. _____ _____ _____ ______ for the poor people (by ____). 3. My parents give me a birthday present every year. ① ② 4. She always takes care of the little cat. The little cat ____ always _____ _____ ______(by____). 5. He made me do that. _____ _____ ____ ____ ____ that by him. 2. I often see them walk in the park.. ____ ____ often _____ ____ ______ in the park. 被动语态专项练习 姓名： 年级 分数 ( )1.In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey to be smart. A.say B.said C.will be said D.are said ( )2.-Your new sweater looks beautiful. Is it pure wool?-Yes,and it's Inner Mongolia. A.made by;made for B.made of;made by C.made of;made in D.made by;made from ( )3.-Have you finished your fashion design?-Not yet.I'll finish it if I ten more minutes. A.am given B.give C.will give D.will be given ( )4.Few students can understand the sentence until it twice or three times. A.explains B.is explained C.will be explained D.has explained ( )5.Another two months will be needed before the new bridge · A.completes B.is completed C.has completed D.will be completed ( )6.-Do you have Jay's CDs? -Sorry,they are .But we'll get some more next week because they . A.sold well; are on sale B.sold out; sell well C.selling well;sell well D.for sale;sell well ( )7.-Do you like reading books?-Yes.Each of us_ to do more reading in and after class. A.are encouraged B.encourage C.is encouraged D.is encouraging ( )8.Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai to be separated into four different groups. A.is requiring B.is required C.was required D.required ( )9.This kind of pen , and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some. A.writes well B.writes good C.is written well D.is written good ( )10.In Miss Lin's class,many chances to students to leam from each other. A.offer B.offered C.are offering D.are offered ( ) 11.The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it 18 years ago. A.set up B.is set up C.was set up D.will be set up ( ) 12.I learnt to swim when I was six.I by my mother. A.am taught B.was taught C.will be taught D.have taught ( )13.-What do you think of yesterday's activity in your community? -Wonderful.A lot of useful advice on self-protection . A.is offered B.are offered C.was offered D.were offered ( )14.-Simon,do you know who invented the kite?-Surel It by Mozi over 2,000 years ago. A.is invented B.invented C.was invented D.will be invented ( )15.The missing boy was last seen near the river. A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play ( )16.Though he often made his little sister ,today he was made by his little sister. A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry ( )17.-Why is your bedroom so dirty?-Sorry,Mum.It .I felt very tired after playing soccer. A.isn't cleaned B.didn't clean C.doesn't clean D.wasn't cleaned ( )18.-Hey,Molly.You on the phone just now. But you weren't here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A.wanted B.are wanted C.were wanted D.have wanted ( )19.Alice some advice on how to improve her listening skills, and she gladly accepted Miss Green's. A.gave B.was given C.gives D.is given ( )20.As the curtain ,the famous singer came out. The fans and screamed with excitement. A.was raised;rose B.had been raised;were raised C.rose;were raised D.had risen;raised ( )21.The high-speed railway in this city last year. It is easier for people to travel now. A.will build B.will be built C.was built D.built ( )22.Last December, a man who stole a shared bike 1,000 yuan by the police. A.fined B.was fined C.will be fined D.has fined ( )23.The disabled people shouldn't .Instead,we should be friendly to them. A.look down B.look down on C.be looked down on D.be looked down ( )24.The clothes need ,but youdo that yourself. A.to wash; don't need B.washing; needn't to C.to wash; don't need to D.washing;needn't ( )25.-Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school? -No.They shouldn't to drive because they are not serious enough. A.allow B.allowed C.be allowed D.have allowed ( )26.The film made by Walt Disney all over the world. A.is used to show B.is used to showing C.used to show D.used to be shown ( )27.The 2029 International Horticultural Expo in Yangzhou. A.holds B.will hold C.is held D.will be held ( )28.A lot of new roads in order to develop the villages in the next five years. A.built B.were built C.build D.will be built ( )29.-An AI robot in our school dining hall next term.-I'm looking forward to it. A.will use B.will be used C.is used D.was used ( ) 30.It's said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period. A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built ( ) 31.We're sure that the environment in our city greatlythrough our work in the near future. ) A.improved B.was improved C.has improved D.will be improved ( )32.To make the environment much better,more trees next year. A.plant B.will plant C.are planted D.will be planted ( )33.-Mum,my bike is broken. It requires .-Don't worry. Your dad will have it soon. A.repairing;repaired B.to be repaired;repairing C.to repair; to repair D.repairing;to be repaired ( ) 34.-The World War I I in1939 and ended in 1945.People lived a hard life. -Yes.My grandfather was in at that time. A.broke out;twenties B. was broken out; his twenties C.broke out;his twenties D.was broken out; the twenties ( )35.-What do you the TV series?-It is . I've never seen such a better one before. A.like about;thought highly of B.think of; highly thought of C.think about; thought well D.think about; highly though about ( )36.-Excuse me,could you please tell me if the sports meeting on time? -Hard to say.If it tomorrow, we will have to put it off. A.will hold;rains B.will be held;rains C.will hold;will rain D.holds;will rain ( )37.-The little boy,along with his classmates, for their bravery action in time of danger. -I think we should learn from them. A.were praised B.was praised C.have praised D.has praised ( )38.-Children under 12 should not drive e-bikes. -That's true. We are also advised helmets（头盔）to keep safe. A.allow;wearing B.be allowed to; to wear C.allowed to;to wear D.be allowed to; wearing ( )39.We have only fifty minutes left.--No hurry.I guess our flight because of the snowstorm. A.will be cancelled B.will cancel C.was cancelled. D.has cancelled ( )40.Yuan Longping,the father of hybrid rice, with the other 41 great people, the Medal of the Republic （共和国勋章）by President Xi Jinping on Sept. 17,2019． A.was presented with -B.had presented to C.were presented to D.has presented with ( )41.-Boys and girls,traffic rules should be traffic accidents.-Thanks,Mr.Li. A.paid attention to avoid B.paid attention toto avoiding C.paid attention to avoiding D.paid attention to to avoid ( )42.-The 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing and Zhangjiakou. -Yes.And my best friend will his girl friend at that time. A.will hold;marry B.will be held;get married with C.will be taken place; get married to D.will take place;marry ( )43.-When will the railway that connects the two cities open? -next year.Only two thirds been built. A.Until;has B.Until;have C.Not until;has D.Not until;have ( ) 44.At last,the girl was made to music and began to do her homework. A.stop listening B.to stop to listen C.to stop listening D.stop to listen ( )45.These kinds of educational books in that shop over there.They well. A.are sold;are sold B.are sold;sell C.sell;sell D.sell;are sold ( )46.-When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center?- tomorrow. A.Until the work will be done B.Until the work is done C.Not until the work will be done D.Not until the work is done ( )47.When you visit a museum,some instructions should and we'd better not them. A.pay attention to;be against B.be paid attention;against C.be paid attention to;against D.be paid attention to;be against ( )48.It will be much easier for people in Yangzhou to go out after the High-speed Rail A.was built B.is built C.builds D.built ( )49.The elderly couple a walk outside at this time yesterday.Nobody knows when they went back. A.was seen taking B.were seen taking C.were seen to take D.was seen took ( ) 50.-Who the Harry Potter series ?-J.K.Rowling. A.did;be written B.was;written C.was;written by D.did;be written by ( )51.Do you know when we ?-I'm not sure.I will tell you about it when the time A.leave;is fixed B.will leave;is fixed C.leave;will be fixed D.will leave;will be fixed 参考答案 1-5：DCABB 6-10：BCBAD 11-15：CBCCA 16-20：ADCBA 1. 答案：D 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：固定结构be said to do sth表“据说…”，描述客观文化常识，用一般现在时的被动are said。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，语义不符（孩子是被说聪明，不是主动说）； B. 一般过去时，不符合客观常识的时态要求； C. 将来时被动，语义不符。 2. 答案：C 考点：make相关短语辨析 · 正确选项：第一空be made of表“由…制成（能看出原材料）”，羊毛毛衣可以看出原材料；第二空be made in表“在某地生产”，后接产地“内蒙古”。 · 错误选项： A. be made by表“由某人制造”，be made for表“为…制作”，均不符合语境； B、D. be made from表“由…制成（看不出原材料）”，不符合羊毛毛衣的特点。 3. 答案：A 考点：条件状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；“我被多给10分钟”是被动语态，用am given。 · 错误选项： B. 主动语态，语义不符（我是被给予时间的对象）； C、D. 从句不能用将来时。 4. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：until引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时；“句子被解释”是被动语态，用is explained。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符（句子是被解释的对象）； C. 从句不能用将来时。 5. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的被动语态（主将从现） · 正确选项：before引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时；“新桥被完工”是被动语态，用is completed。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，语义不符（桥是被建造完工的对象）； D. 从句不能用将来时。 6. 答案：B 考点：主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：第一空be sold out表“被卖光”，符合“周杰伦的CD卖完了”的语境；第二空sell well是主动表被动的固定用法，表“畅销”，不需要被动。 · 错误选项： A. sold well不能和be动词连用，on sale表“促销”，语义不符； C. 第一空是被动含义，不能用主动的selling well； D. for sale表“待售”，不符合“已经卖完”的语境。 7. 答案：C 考点：主谓一致+被动语态 · 正确选项：each of us作主语时谓语用单数；“我们被鼓励多读书”是被动语态，用is encouraged。 · 错误选项： A. 主谓一致错误，each作主语谓语用单数； B. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 现在进行时主动，语义不符。 8. 答案：B 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：now是一般现在时标志，“生活垃圾被要求分类”是被动语态，用is required。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符（垃圾是被要求分类的对象）； C. 一般过去时，和now的语境不符。 9. 答案：A 考点：主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：表示物体本身属性的动词（如write, sell, wash）用主动形式表被动含义，“笔好写”用writes well，副词well修饰动词write。 · 错误选项： B. good是形容词不能修饰动词； C、D. 不需要用被动语态，不符合主动表被动的规则。 10. 答案：D 考点：一般现在时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“机会被提供给学生”是被动语态，一般现在时结构为are offered。 · 错误选项： A、B、C. 均为主动语态，语义不符（机会是被提供的对象）。 11. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：18 years ago是一般过去时标志，“救援队被建立”是被动语态，用was set up。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，语义不符； B. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； D. 将来时被动，语义不符。 12. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“我六岁的时候”是过去的时间，“我被妈妈教游泳”是被动语态，用was taught。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； C. 将来时被动，语义不符； D. 现在完成时主动，语义和时态均错误。 13. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态+主谓一致 · 正确选项：“昨天的活动”是过去的时间，“建议被提供”是被动语态；advice是不可数名词，谓语用单数was offered。 · 错误选项： A、B. 时态错误，不是现在的动作； D. 主谓一致错误，advice不可数，不能用were。 14. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：over 2000 years ago是一般过去时标志，“风筝被墨子发明”是被动语态，用was invented。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符； B. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 将来时被动，语义不符。 15. 答案：A 考点：感官动词的被动结构 · 正确选项：see sb doing sth表“看到某人正在做某事”，被动结构为sb be seen doing sth，表“被看到正在做某事”，符合“失踪的男孩最后被看到正在河边玩”的语境。 · 错误选项： B. 结构错误； C. see sb do sth表“看到全过程”，被动结构为sb be seen to do sth，不符合“最后被看到时正在玩”的瞬时语境； D. 不符合语境。 16. 答案：A 考点：使役动词的被动还原 · 正确选项：使役动词make的主动结构为make sb do sth（省略to），变为被动语态时要还原to，结构为sb be made to do sth，因此第一空是cry，第二空是to cry。 · 错误选项： B、C、D. 均不符合被动还原to的规则。 17. 答案：D 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：“卧室没被打扫”是过去的动作（踢完足球之后的事），用一般过去时的被动wasn't cleaned。 · 错误选项： A. 一般现在时被动，和过去的语境不符； B、C. 主动语态，语义不符（卧室是被打扫的对象）。 18. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：just now是一般过去时标志，“你被电话找”是被动语态，用were wanted。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主动语态，语义不符； B. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符。 19. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：后文accepted是一般过去时，说明动作发生在过去，“爱丽丝被给建议”是被动语态，用was given。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，语义不符； D. 一般现在时被动，和过去的时间不符。 20. 答案：A 考点：rise/raise的辨析+被动语态 · 正确选项：第一空raise是及物动词，表“升起（人为举起）”，“幕布被升起”用被动was raised；第二空rise是不及物动词，表“起身、站起来”，主动形式，过去式为rose。 · 错误选项： B、C. 粉丝站起来是主动动作，不需要被动； D. raise是及物动词，后面需要接宾语，不能单独用。 参考答案 21-25：CBCDC 26-30：DDDBC 31-35：DDACB 36-40：BBBAA 21. 答案：C 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：last year是一般过去时标志，高铁是“被建造”，用一般过去时的被动结构was built。 · 错误选项： A、B. 将来时，和过去的时间标志矛盾； D. 主动语态，高铁不能自己建造，语义错误。 22. 答案：B 考点：一般过去时的被动语态 · 正确选项：Last December是一般过去时标志，偷车的人是“被罚款”，用一般过去时的被动was fined。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，人是被警察罚款，语义错误； C. 将来时，和过去时间矛盾； D. 现在完成时主动，时态和语态均错误。 23. 答案：C 考点：被动语态与固定短语 · 正确选项：look down on sb是固定短语，表“看不起某人”，残疾人是“被看不起”，用被动结构be looked down on。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，语义错误； D. 缺少介词on，结构不完整。 24. 答案：D 考点：need的特殊用法 · 正确选项：物作主语时，need doing = need to be done表“需要被…”，此处衣服需要被洗，填washing；第二空need作情态动词时，否定形式是needn't + 动词原形，符合语法。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空应该用被动含义的washing/to be washed，不能用to wash； B. 第二空needn't是情态动词，后面直接加动词原形，不能加to。 25. 答案：C 考点：情态动词的被动语态 · 正确选项：16岁的青少年是“被允许开车”，情态动词的被动结构为情态动词+ be + 过去分词，填be allowed。 · 错误选项： A、B、D. 均为主动语态，语义错误。 26. 答案：D 考点：used to的被动语态 · 正确选项：used to do sth表“过去常常做某事”，电影是“被放映”，被动结构为used to be shown。 · 错误选项： A. be used to do表“被用来做某事”，语义错误； B. be used to doing表“习惯于做某事”，语义错误； C. 主动语态，电影不能自己放映，语义错误。 27. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：2029年是将来的时间，园艺博览会是“被举办”，用一般将来时的被动will be held。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，博览会不能自己举办，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 28. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the next five years是将来的时间标志，道路是“被修建”，用一般将来时的被动will be built。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，道路不能自己修建，语义错误； B. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 29. 答案：B 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：next term是将来的时间标志，AI机器人是“被使用”，用一般将来时的被动will be used。 · 错误选项： A. 主动语态，机器人不能自己使用，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，D. 一般过去时的被动，均和将来时间矛盾。 30. 答案：C 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the coming Asian Youth Games period是将来的时间标志，文化村是“被建造”，用一般将来时的被动will be built。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，文化村不能自己建造，语义错误； D. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 31. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：in the near future是将来的时间标志，环境是“被改善”，用一般将来时的被动will be improved。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主动语态，环境不能自己改善，语义错误； B. 一般过去时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 32. 答案：D 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：next year是将来的时间标志，树是“被种植”，用一般将来时的被动will be planted。 · 错误选项： A、B. 主动语态，树不能自己种植，语义错误； C. 一般现在时的被动，和将来时间矛盾。 33. 答案：A 考点：固定搭配的被动含义 · 正确选项：物作主语时，require doing = require to be done表“需要被…”，自行车需要被修，填repairing；have sth done是固定结构，表“让某物被…”，让自行车被修，填repaired。 · 错误选项： B、C、D. 不符合两个固定结构的用法规则。 34. 答案：C 考点：主动表被动的短语+固定搭配 · 正确选项：break out（爆发）是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，用主动形式broke out；in one's twenties是固定短语，表“在某人二十多岁时”，填his twenties。 · 错误选项： A. 第二空缺少物主代词his； B、D. break out无被动语态，不能用was broken out。 35. 答案：B 考点：固定搭配+被动语态 · 正确选项：询问对某事物的看法用固定句型What do you think of sth?；think highly of sb/sth表“高度评价”，被动结构为be highly thought of。 · 错误选项： A. like about不符合询问看法的固定句型； C、D. think about表“考虑”，语义不符，且被动结构错误。 36. 答案：B 考点：被动语态+主将从现 · 正确选项：第一个if表“是否”，引导宾语从句，运动会是“被举办”，将来的动作用将来被动will be held；第二个if表“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时rains。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空是被动含义，不能用主动will hold； D. 第一空时态错误，第二空条件状语从句不能用将来时。 37. 答案：B 考点：主谓一致（就远原则）+被动语态 · 正确选项：along with连接并列主语时遵循就远原则，和单数主语the little boy保持一致，谓语用单数；小男孩是“被表扬”，用被动结构was praised。 · 错误选项： A、C. 主谓一致错误，不用复数； D. 主动语态，语义错误，且主谓不一致。 38. 答案：B 考点：固定搭配的被动结构 · 正确选项：be allowed to do sth表“被允许做某事”，符合“12岁以下儿童不应该被允许骑电动车”的语境；be advised to do sth是固定短语，表“被建议做某事”。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空语态和结构错误； D. 第二空advise后接不定式作宾补，不能用动名词wearing。 39. 答案：A 考点：一般将来时的被动语态 · 正确选项：航班是“被取消”，且是还未发生的将来动作，用一般将来时的被动will be cancelled。 · 错误选项： B、D. 主动语态，航班不能自己取消，语义错误； C. 一般过去时的被动，和“还剩50分钟”的语境矛盾。 40. 答案：A 考点：主谓一致（就远原则）+被动语态 · 正确选项：with连接并列主语时遵循就远原则，和单数主语Yuan Longping保持一致，谓语用单数；袁隆平是“被授予共和国勋章”，2019年是过去时间，用一般过去时的被动was presented with。 · 错误选项： B、D. 主动语态，语义错误； C. 主谓一致错误，不用复数were。 参考答案 41-45：DDCCB 46-51：DDBBCB 41. 答案：D 考点：被动语态+不定式作目的状语 · 正确选项：pay attention to traffic rules变为被动是traffic rules should be paid attention to，后面接不定式to avoid作目的状语，表“遵守交通规则是为了避免交通事故”。 · 错误选项： A. 缺少表目的的不定式符号to； B、C. 目的状语要用不定式to do，不能用动名词avoiding。 42. 答案：D 考点：主动表被动的短语+marry的固定搭配 · 正确选项：第一空take place（举办）是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，直接用will take place；第二空marry sb是固定搭配，表“和某人结婚”。 · 错误选项： A. 第一空冬奥会是被举办，不能用主动will hold； B. get married后接宾语要加介词to，不能用with； C. take place无被动语态，不能用will be taken place。 43. 答案：C 考点：until的用法+主谓一致 · 正确选项：第一空表“直到明年才开通”，用not...until结构，强调动作在某个时间点才开始；第二空主语是单数的railway，two thirds指代铁路工程的三分之二，是不可数概念，谓语用单数has。 · 错误选项： A、B. until单独使用表“动作持续到某个时间点”，不符合“明年才开通”的语境； D. 第二空主谓一致错误，不能用复数have。 44. 答案：C 考点：使役动词的被动语态+stop的固定搭配 · 正确选项：使役动词make的被动结构为be made to do sth，需要还原不定式符号to；stop doing sth表“停止正在做的事”，此处指停止听音乐，用stop listening。 · 错误选项： A、D. 被动结构缺少不定式符号to； B. stop to listen表“停下来去听音乐”，和后文“开始做作业”的语境矛盾。 45. 答案：B 考点：被动语态+主动表被动的特殊用法 · 正确选项：第一空书是“被售卖”，用一般现在时的被动are sold；第二空sell well是固定用法，主动形式表被动含义，表“卖得好”。 · 错误选项： A. 第二空不需要被动语态； C、D. 第一空书不能自己售卖，要用被动语态。 46. 答案：D 考点：until的用法+主将从现 · 正确选项：表“直到工作完成才去看比赛”用not...until结构；until引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，工作是“被完成”，用一般现在时的被动is done。 · 错误选项： A、B. until单独使用不符合“完成工作才去”的语境，且从句不能用将来时； C. 时间状语从句不能用将来时will be done。 47. 答案：D 考点：被动语态+固定搭配 · 正确选项：第一空规则是“被注意”，pay attention to的被动结构为be paid attention to，介词to不能省略；第二空had better not后接动词原形，be against sth表“违反某事”。 · 错误选项： A. 第一空应该用被动语态； B. 第一空缺少介词to，第二空缺少be动词； C. 第二空缺少be动词，against是介词不能直接作谓语。 48. 答案：B 考点：时间状语从句的主将从现+被动语态 · 正确选项：after引导时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，高铁是“被建造”，用一般现在时的被动is built。 · 错误选项： A. 一般过去时的被动，和将来的语境矛盾； C. 主动语态，高铁不能自己建造，语义错误； D. 一般过去时主动，时态和语态均错误。 49. 答案：B 考点：主谓一致+感官动词的被动结构 · 正确选项：the elderly couple（老夫妻）是复数概念，谓语用复数were；see sb doing sth的被动结构为sb be seen doing sth，表“被看到正在做某事”，at this time yesterday是过去的时间点，强调当时正在散步，用taking。 · 错误选项： A、D. 主谓一致错误，不能用单数was； C. see sb do sth的被动表“被看到做了全过程”，不符合“某个时间点正在做”的语境。 50. 答案：C 考点：被动语态的特殊疑问句 · 正确选项：询问“书被谁写的”，被动结构为be written by sb，疑问句语序为Who was the Harry Potter series written by?。 · 错误选项： A、D. 被动语态不需要加助动词did； B. 缺少介词by，结构不完整。 51. 答案：B 考点：宾语从句+时间状语从句的时态规则 · 正确选项：第一空when引导宾语从句，询问将来的安排，用一般将来时will leave；第二空when引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，时间是“被确定”，用一般现在时的被动is fixed。 · 错误选项： A、C. 第一空是将来的动作，不能用一般现在时； D. 时间状语从句不能用将来时will be fixed。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $