2926年中考英语复习语法现在完成时专项练习

**基本信息** 以“概念-场景-结构-应用”为逻辑主线，系统构建现在完成时方法体系，通过45道梯度练习题实现高频考点突破，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |概念解析|3场景+3句式示例|“影响结果/持续动作/重复动作”三维场景分类法；“主谓助+done”结构速判法|从定义到场景再到句式，形成“概念生成-原理推导”链条| |时间词应用|already/yet/for/since辨析|“肯定already中，否定疑问yet尾；for时段since点”记忆口诀|时间词与场景匹配，强化语境理解能力| |动词形态|20词分词表|不规则动词分词“原形-过去式-过去分词”对比记忆法|为结构应用提供形态基础，支撑准确表达| |综合应用|45题（含延续性动词/has gone to等考法）|“瞬间动词改延续”“时态标志词定位”解题技巧|覆盖中考高频易错点，实现知识应用迁移|

中学语法专项练习 现在完成时专项练习 一、The Present Perfect Tense 1、现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始, 一直延续到现在的动作或状态。 2. 现在完成时的使用场景 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在仍然产生影响 I have had some fruit. ②表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 I have studied English for five years. ③表示从过去到现在重复多次的动作 I have visited Xiamen three times. 课文中John所面临的是第一种情况,因为他吃过了午饭喝过了茶，也休过假，因此他谢绝了John的邀请，并表示今年已经无可能再次请假。 3.现在完成时句式变化 我已经吃过早饭了。 I have had breakfast. 句中I have 可缩写为 I’ve, have在句中是现在完成时的助动词无意义，had表示“吃”的意思，是have的过去分词 肯定句：主语+have/has +done 否定句：I have not(haven’t) had breakfast. 助动词have/has后+not 结构：主语+have/has +done. 疑问句：Have you had breakfast？ 助动词have/has调到句首 结构：Have/has+主语+done？ 4.与现在完成时连用的时间副词或短语 一般现在完成时通常与表示不确定的时间副词或短语连用如 already(已经) just（刚刚） before（之前） never（从未） ever（曾经）for three years（达到三年） since two months ago（自从2个月前） already和yet意思一样，already用于肯定句yet用于否定句和疑问句，already位于have/has和done之间，yet位于句末。 现在完成时在汉语中常用“了”、“过”或“已经”来表示 ( )1. , Mum. I’m looking for my toy car. A. Excuse the mess for me B. Excuse mess C. Excuse me with the mess D. Excuse the mess ( )2.A:Billy, go and do your homework. B:Oh, Mum. I have finished my homework. A. yet B. everC.already D.never ( )3. I a holiday next month. A. am going to have B. have had C. have D. had ( )4. A: Have you your lunch? B:Yes, I it an hour ago. A. have; had B. had; have C. had; had D. have; have ( )5.A: Did you read the book last night? B:No, I it three times. A. have read B. was reading C. have readed D. readed 5. ever和never在现在完成时中的用法 现在完成时中常见到这两个词，因为这两个词在时长上能够延续到对现在的影响。ever意思为曾经，never意思为从不。 I have ever been to Beijing. 我曾经去过北京。 I have never had sweets after that. 自那之后我再也没有吃过糖。 6.现在完成时（for与since的连用） —I’ve lived here for twenty years. Yes, I’ve been here since 1976. ★for+一段时间：表示动作持续多久； ★since+某个过去的时间点：表示某个动作是从何时开始的 原形 do drink go give see take bring buy come run 过去式 did drank went gave saw took brought bought came ran 过去分词 done drunk gone given seen taken brought bought come run 原形 begin draw drive know ride sing swim buy speak eat 过去式 began drew drove knew rode sang swam bought spoke ate 过去分词 begun drawn driven known ridden sung swum bought spoken eaten 现在完成时练习 姓名：____________ 年级：___________日期 ：________分数：__________ ( ) 1.-Where are the teachers now?-In the meeting room.They the meeting for 10 minutes. A.have begun B.have been on C.have had D.have been held ( )2.China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 29,000 kilometers in the past few years. A.are growing B.were growing C.will grow D.have grown ( )3.-Is everyone here,Jonathan?-No,Sir.Millie is absent.She for two days. A.has fallen ill B.has been ill C.fell ill D.was ill ( )4.-The drama series The Thunder《破冰行动》 hits screens these days． -Oh,what a pity! I any of them yet. A.doesn't watch B.didn't watch C.won't watch D.haven't watched ( )5.-When will your sister go to England?-She London since four months ago. A.went to B.has gone to C.has been to D.has been in ( )6.- when has the country been open to international trade?--1978.I suppose. A.Since B.In C.From D.After ( )7.The life we were used to greatly since 1992. A.change B.has changed C.changing D.have changed ( )8.-I haven't heard from Henry for a long time.-What do you suppose to him? A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.had happened ( )9.-You have a nice car.-Thank you.I it for less than one month. A.bought B.have bought C.had D.have had ( )10.-Look! That woman looks like our teacher.-It be her.She Australia. A. can't; has been toB.may not; has been to C.can't; has gonc to D.mustn't; has gonet ( ) 11.-Sorry.I am late.-It doesn't matter.The meeting for just several minutes A.has begun B.has started C.has been on D.had been on ( )12.-May I speak to Wang Li?-Sorry,she is not at home.She since last month. A.left B.has left C.has been away D.went away ( ) 13.1_ great progress in English since I reading English papers. A.am making;begin B.have made;began C.had made;began D.was making;begin ( )14.The old man got sick last April and in bed since then. A.was B.had been C.has been D.would be ( )15.- Jack ?-Sorry,he isn't in at the moment.He the zoo with his father. A.Is; speaking;has gone to B. Does; speak;has gone to C.Is;speaking;has been to D.Does;speak;has been to ( ) 16.-Is this your first time to Xinjiang?-No,I here several times. A.have gone B.haven't gone C.have been D.haven't been ( ) 17.-Have you seen Dr.Adams recently? -No.He Hong Kong for an international meeting. He'll come back tomorrow. A.has gone in B.has been in C.has gone to D.has been to ( )18.-Do you miss your parents far away?-Yes,very much.They the hometown for over two years. A.left B.have left C.were away from D.have been away from ( )19.-Would you like to watch the three-D film Titanic with me? -Certainly. I don't mind seeing it again although I it twice. A.saw B.was secn C.have seen D.had scen ( )20.Alice in Wonderland for 15 days and many of us like the film very much. A.begins B.has begun C.began D.has been on ( )21.-Mike,why do you come here so late? The concert since half an hour ago. -What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A.has ended B.has been on C.has started D.has been over ( )22.-Have you been to Suning Plaza in our city？ -No.Although it for more than a week, I'm far too busy to go there. A.has started B.has been on C.has been open D.has opened ( )23.Neither Jim nor Tom Australia before, but they know the country very well. A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to ( )24.-Jim,turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.-Don't worry.He for half an hour. A.woke up B.has woken up C.was awake D.has been awake ( )25.I hear you've bought a book called Uncle Tom's Cabin. I wonder A.where did you buy it B.how long you have bought it C.what it is about D.when will you finish reading it ( )26.-Amy with her parents the cinema to watch the film. -Oh,that's why they are not at home now. A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to ( )27.-Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. -He is so brave! I wonder . A.how long he has been to Africa B.whether he has gone to Africa before C.how many times he has been in Africa D.how soon he will retumn from Africa ( ) 28.A lot of money at the charity show, but the cost of living a lot, so we still need to do much work to help people in need. A. was raised; has risen B.was raised; is risen C.rose;has risen D.rose;were raised ( )29.-Where is your father?-He Australia and he Sydney for two weeks. A.has been to;has been in B.has been in; has been to C.has gone to;has been in D.has gone to;has been to ( )30.Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum for about five years,but 1 there. A.has opened; haven't gone B. has been open; haven't been C.has been open;haven't gone D.has opened;haven't been ( )31.-Not only Gu Ailing but also Su Yiming the hero of the young. -Exactly.Both of them interested in skiing since they were still young. A.are;have become B.is;have become C.are;have been D.is;have been ( )32.-When did the boy_ the girl?-They have_ for ten years. A.get married to;been maried B.get married to;got married C.get married with;been married D.get married with; got married ( )33.The old man his dog alone since his wife . A.has got used to walk;dead B. has been used to walk; has becn dead C. has got used to walking;died D. has been used to walking;died ( )34.The restaurant for three years,but I there so far. A.has been open; haven't been B.has opened; haven't gone C. has been open; haven't gone D.has opened;haven't been ( )35.-Boys and girls, what do you want to know about H1N1（甲流）?-I wonder ． A.when the disease has happened B.what we can do to fight against it C.how long the virus started D.why has the disease spread so fast ( )36.-He exercise in the park every morning when he was young. -Yes,but now the life he was used to a lot. A.used to;changing B.was used to; has changed C.was used to;changing D.used to;has changed ( )37.-A lot of money for the old man's operation online. -Yes,but the cost of medicine a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A.raised;rose B. was raised; has risen C.was risen; has raised D.was raised;rose ( )38.Which of the following is right? A. He's borrowed the book for two weeks. B. I have joined the army since two days ago. C.His father has left here since he was born. D.They have been married for ten years. ( )39. did the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games finish?-It_ for nearly two months. A.When;has finished B.How long;has been over C.When;has been over D.How long;has finished ( )40.I Nanjing for half a year, but I haven't travelled to many places of interest around it. A.arrived in B.got to C.have arrived in D.have been in ( )41.Mr Li France for a holiday.He abroad only once.He there for 5 days. A.has gone to;has been;has been B.has been to; has gone; has been C.has gone to; has gone;has been D. has been to; has been;has gone ( )42.- did your uncle buy this car?-He it for nearly two years. A.When;has bought B.When;has had C.How long;has bought D.How long;has had ( )43.My uncle the club in 2014.He the club for over 3 years. A.joined; has been a member of B.joined;has joined C.has joined;has joined D.has joined; has been in ( )44.-Could you tell me ?-For two weeks. A.how long you borrowed this book B.how long you have borrowed this book C.how long you kept the book D.how long you have kept the book ( )45.-Can I Robinson Crusoe? Mrs Zhao. -Sure,it's very interesting,but you can only it for two weeks. A.borrow;lend B.lend;borrow C.borrow;keep D.lend;keep 参考答案 1-5：CDBDD 6-10：ABCDC 11-15：CCBCA 16-20：CCDCD 21-25：DCBDC 26-30：ADACB 31-35：DADAB 36-40：DBDCD 41-45：ABADC 答案解析 1. 答案：C 考点：现在完成时+短暂性/延续性动词辨析 正确选项：for 10 minutes是时间段，要和延续性动词搭配；主语是They（老师们），have a meeting表“开会”，是延续性表达，现在完成时为have had。 错误选项： A. begin是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； B. have been on的主语应该是the meeting，不能是人； D. 是被动语态，会议是老师主动开的，不需要被动。 2. 答案：D 考点：现在完成时的标志 正确选项：in the past few years（在过去几年里）是现在完成时的典型时间标志，表动作从过去持续到现在，主语high-speed railways是复数，用have grown。 错误选项： A. 现在进行时，B. 过去进行时，C. 一般将来时，均不符合该时间标志的时态要求。 3. 答案：B 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：for two days是时间段，fall ill（生病）是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，要转换为延续性状态be ill，现在完成时为has been ill。 错误选项： A. fall ill是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C、D. 一般过去时，和现在的语境（现在缺席）没有关联。 4. 答案：D 考点：现在完成时的否定标志 正确选项：yet是现在完成时否定句/疑问句的典型标志，表“还、尚未”，用haven't watched。 错误选项： A. 一般现在时，B. 一般过去时，C. 一般将来时，均不符合yet的时态要求。 5. 答案：D 考点：have been in/have gone to/have been to的辨析 正确选项：since four months ago是时间段，表“在某地待了多久”用延续性结构have been in + 地点，符合“她四个月前就一直在伦敦”的语境。 错误选项： A. 一般过去时，和现在无关； B. has gone to表“去了某地还没回”，是短暂性动作，不能和时间段连用； C. has been to表“去过某地已经回来”，和语境矛盾。 6. 答案：A 考点：现在完成时的时间介词 正确选项：句子是现在完成时，since + 时间点是现在完成时的典型时间状语，表“从…以来”。 错误选项： B. in + 年份用于一般过去时； C. from要和to搭配表时间段； D. after + 时间用于一般过去时，不能和现在完成时连用。 7. 答案：B 考点：句子结构分析+现在完成时 正确选项：句子主语是The life，we were used to是定语从句修饰life，不影响主谓一致；since 1992用现在完成时，主语是单数life，用has changed。 错误选项： A. 动词原形结构错误； C. 不要误以为是be used to doing结构，此处的to是定语从句里的介词，后面不是动名词； D. 主语是单数，不能用have。 8. 答案：C 考点：现在完成时表对现在的影响 正确选项：“很久没收到Henry的信”，询问“他发生了什么”是过去的动作对现在造成的影响（现在联系不上），用现在完成时has happened。 错误选项： A. 过去进行时表过去正在进行的动作，不符合； B. suppose后面接宾语从句，不能接不定式； D. 过去完成时表“过去的过去”，没有过去的参照时间点。 9. 答案：D 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：for less than one month是时间段，buy是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，转换为延续性动词have（拥有），现在完成时为have had。 错误选项： A. 一般过去时，和现在拥有车的语境无关； B. buy是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C. 一般过去时，没有体现对现在的影响。 10. 答案：C 考点：情态动词表否定推测+have gone to的用法 正确选项：第一空表否定推测“不可能是她”，用can't；第二空“她去了澳大利亚还没回来”，用has gone to。 错误选项： A、B. has been to表“去过已经回来”，和语境矛盾； D. mustn't表“禁止”，不能用于否定推测。 11. 答案：C 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：for just several minutes是时间段，begin/start是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，转换为延续性状态be on（进行中），现在完成时为has been on。 错误选项： A、B. begin/start是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； D. 过去完成时表“过去的过去”，没有参照时间点。 12. 答案：C 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：since last month是时间段，leave是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，转换为延续性状态be away，现在完成时为has been away。 错误选项： A、D. 一般过去时，和现在不在家的语境无关； B. leave是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用。 13. 答案：B 考点：since引导的时间状语从句的时态规则 正确选项：since引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，符合“自从我开始读英文报纸以来，我已经在英语上取得了很大进步”的语境。 错误选项： A、D. 主句和从句时态均错误； C. 主句不能用过去完成时。 14. 答案：C 考点：现在完成时的标志 正确选项：since then（从那以后）是现在完成时的典型标志，表动作从过去持续到现在，用has been。 错误选项： A. 一般过去时，B. 过去完成时，D. 过去将来时，均不符合。 15. 答案：A 考点：电话用语+have gone to的用法 正确选项：打电话询问对方是不是某人的固定用语是Is sb speaking?；第二空“他和爸爸去了动物园还没回来”，用has gone to。 错误选项： B、D. 电话用语错误，不能用助动词Does提问； C. has been to表“去过已经回来”，和“他现在不在家”的语境矛盾。 16. 答案：C 考点：have been to的用法 正确选项：several times表“去过很多次”，已经回来，用have been here。 错误选项： A、B. have gone表“去了还没回来”，和语境矛盾； D. 否定含义和“来过好几次”的语义矛盾。 17. 答案：C 考点：have gone to的用法 正确选项：“他去香港开国际会议，明天回来”，说明去了还没回，用has gone to。 错误选项： A. 没有has gone in的搭配； B. has been in表“在某地待了多久”，需要接时间段，不符合； D. has been to表“去过已经回来”，和“明天回来”的语境矛盾。 18. 答案：D 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：for over two years是时间段，leave是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，转换为延续性短语be away from，现在完成时为have been away from。 错误选项： A、C. 一般过去时，和现在想念父母的语境无关； B. leave是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用。 19. 答案：C 考点：现在完成时表次数 正确选项：twice表“两次”，是现在完成时的标志，表到目前为止的经历，用have seen，符合“我已经看过两次了，但不介意再看一遍”的语境。 错误选项： A. 一般过去时，没有体现对现在的影响； B. 被动语态，语义错误； D. 过去完成时表“过去的过去”，没有参照时间点。 20. 答案：D 考点：短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 正确选项：for 15 days是时间段，begin是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，转换为延续性状态be on（上映），现在完成时为has been on。 错误选项： A. 一般现在时，B. begin是短暂性动词不能和时间段连用，C. 一般过去时，均不符合。 21. 答案：D 考点：短暂性动词转延续性动词 正确选项：since half an hour ago是时间段，“音乐会已经结束”的短暂性动词end要转换为延续性状态be over，现在完成时为has been over。 错误选项： A、C. end/start都是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； B. has been on表“正在上映/进行”，和后文“所有歌手都走了”的语境矛盾。 22. 答案：C 考点：短暂性动词转延续性动词 正确选项：for more than a week是时间段，商场“开业”的短暂性动词open转换为延续性状态be open（open作形容词），现在完成时为has been open。 错误选项： A、D. start/open是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； B. be on表“节目/活动进行中”，不能用来形容商场营业。 23. 答案：B 考点：主谓一致（就近原则）+have been to用法 正确选项：neither...nor...连接并列主语时遵循就近原则，和单数主语Tom保持一致，谓语用单数；before表“以前去过”，用has been to（去过已回）。 错误选项： C、D. 主谓一致错误，不用复数have； A. has gone to表“去了未回”，不符合“对国家很了解”的语境。 24. 答案：D 考点：短暂性动词转延续性动词 正确选项：for half an hour是时间段，“醒来”的短暂性动词短语wake up转换为延续性状态be awake，现在完成时为has been awake。 错误选项： A. 一般过去时，和现在的语境无关； B. wake up是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C. 一般过去时，没有体现对现在的影响。 25. 答案：C 考点：宾语从句的语序+时态 正确选项：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，what it is about语序正确，语义符合“想知道书是关于什么的”的语境。 错误选项： A、D. 是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句规则； B. buy是短暂性动词，不能和how long连用。 26. 答案：A 考点：主谓一致（就远原则）+have gone to用法 正确选项：with连接主语时遵循就远原则，和单数主语Amy保持一致，谓语用单数；“去了电影院还没回来”用has gone to。 错误选项： C、D. 主谓一致错误，不用复数have； B. has been to表“去过已回”，和“现在不在家”的语境矛盾。 27. 答案：D 考点：宾语从句语义辨析 正确选项：担心去非洲的哥哥，想知道“他多久会从非洲回来”，how soon对将来的时间提问，符合语境。 错误选项： A. has been to表“去过已回”，和哥哥现在还在非洲的语境矛盾； B. has gone to表“去了未回”，不能和before（过去的经历）连用； C. 询问去过的次数不符合“担心他安全”的语境。 28. 答案：A 考点：被动语态+动词辨析 正确选项：第一空“钱在慈善晚会上被筹集”，用一般过去时的被动was raised；第二空“生活成本已经上涨了很多”，rise是不及物动词，无被动，现在完成时为has risen，表对现在的影响。 错误选项： B. rise无被动语态，不能用is risen； C、D. 第一空钱是被筹集，不能用主动语态rose。 29. 答案：C 考点：have gone to/have been in/have been to的辨析 正确选项：第一空“爸爸去了澳大利亚还没回来”用has gone to；第二空“在悉尼待了两周”，表在某地持续的状态，用has been in。 错误选项： A、B、D. has been to表“去过已回”，和询问“爸爸现在在哪里”的语境矛盾。 30. 答案：B 考点：延续性动词+have been的用法 正确选项：第一空for about five years是时间段，博物馆“开放”用延续性状态has been open；第二空“我从来没去过那里”，表去过某地的经历，用haven't been。 错误选项： A、D. open是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C. haven't gone表“没去某地（现在还没去）”，不符合“从没去过”的经历描述。 31. 答案：D 考点：主谓一致+延续性动词 正确选项：第一空not only...but also...遵循就近原则，和单数主语Su Yiming保持一致，谓语用is；第二空since they were young是时间段，短暂性动词become转换为延续性状态be，现在完成时为have been。 错误选项： A、C. 第一空主谓一致错误，不用are； B. become是短暂性动词，不能和since引导的时间段连用。 32. 答案：A 考点：marry的固定搭配+延续性动词 正确选项：第一空“和某人结婚”是get married to sb，不用with；第二空for ten years是时间段，用延续性状态been married。 错误选项： C、D. marry不能和介词with搭配； B. got married是短暂性动词短语，不能和时间段连用。 33. 答案：D 考点：be used to的固定结构+since的时态规则 正确选项：第一空“习惯于做某事”是be used to doing sth，用has been used to walking；第二空since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，填died。 错误选项： A、B. be used to后面接动名词，不能接动词原形，dead是形容词不能作谓语； C. get used to表“变得习惯”，是短暂性动作，不能和since引导的时间段连用。 34. 答案：A 考点：延续性动词+have been的用法 正确选项：第一空for three years是时间段，餐馆“营业”用延续性状态has been open；第二空“我从没去过那里”，用haven't been。 错误选项： B、D. open是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C. haven't gone表“没去（现在还没去）”，不符合“从没去过”的经历描述。 35. 答案：B 考点：宾语从句的语序+时态 正确选项：宾语从句用陈述句语序，“我们能做什么来对抗它”语义和语法均正确。 错误选项： A. when不能和现在完成时连用，要和一般过去时搭配； C. how long不能和短暂性动词started连用； D. 是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句规则。 36. 答案：D 考点：used to的用法+现在完成时 正确选项：第一空“过去常常做某事”是used to do sth，表年轻的时候常锻炼；第二空since引导的时间状语提示主句用现在完成时，主语是单数the life，填has changed。 错误选项： A、C. be used to doing表“习惯于做某事”，不符合“过去常常”的语境，且第二空缺少谓语动词； B. 第一空was used to表“习惯于”，语义错误。 37. 答案：B 考点：被动语态+现在完成时 正确选项：第一空“钱在网上被筹集”，用一般过去时的被动was raised；第二空“药品成本已经上涨了很多”，表对现在的影响（还需要更多钱），用现在完成时has risen。 错误选项： A. 第一空钱是被筹集，不能用主动语态raised，第二空一般过去时没有体现对现在的影响； C. rise无被动语态，不能用was risen，raise是及物动词，后面需要接宾语； D. 第二空用一般过去时没有体现对现在的影响。 38. 答案：D 考点：延续性动词的用法 正确选项：be married是延续性状态，可以和for ten years连用，语法正确。 错误选项： A. borrow是短暂性动词，不能和for two weeks连用； B. join是短暂性动词，不能和since two days ago连用； C. leave是短暂性动词，不能和since he was born连用。 39. 答案：C 考点：疑问词辨析+延续性动词 正确选项：第一空询问“结束的时间点”用when；第二空for nearly two months是时间段，短暂性动词finish转换为延续性状态be over，现在完成时为has been over。 错误选项： B、D. how long询问时间段，不能和短暂性动词finish连用； A. finish是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用。 40. 答案：D 考点：延续性动词的用法 正确选项：for half a year是时间段，“待在南京”用延续性状态have been in。 错误选项： A、B. 一般过去时，和现在的语境无关； C. arrive是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用。 41. 答案：A 考点：have gone to/have been的辨析 正确选项：第一空“去法国度假还没回来”用has gone to；第二空“只出过国一次”表过去的经历，用has been abroad；第三空“在那里待了5天”表持续的状态，用has been there。 错误选项： B、D. 第一空has been to表“去过已回”，不符合语境； C. 第二空has gone表“去了未回”，不能和only once（表经历）连用。 42. 答案：B 考点：疑问词辨析+延续性动词 正确选项：第一空询问“买车的时间点”用when；第二空for nearly two years是时间段，短暂性动词buy转换为延续性动词have，现在完成时为has had。 错误选项： A. buy是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C、D. how long询问时间段，不能和短暂性动词buy连用。 43. 答案：A 考点：时态+延续性动词 正确选项：第一空in 2014是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时joined；第二空for over 3 years是时间段，短暂性动词join转换为延续性状态has been a member of。 错误选项： B. join是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； C、D. 第一空有明确过去时间，不能用现在完成时。 44. 答案：D 考点：延续性动词+现在完成时 正确选项：回答For two weeks是时间段，宾语从句用现在完成时，短暂性动词borrow转换为延续性动词keep，填how long you have kept the book。 错误选项： A、C. 一般过去时，没有体现对现在的影响； B. borrow是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用。 45. 答案：C 考点：动词辨析 正确选项：第一空“借入”用borrow；第二空for two weeks是时间段，用延续性动词keep表“借（持续的状态）”。 错误选项： A. lend表“借出”，且lend是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用； B. 第一空lend语义错误，第二空borrow是短暂性动词； D. 第一空lend语义错误。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中学语法专项练习 现在完成时专项练习 一、The Present Perfect Tense 1、现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始, 一直延续到现在的动作或状态。 2. 现在完成时的使用场景 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在仍然产生影响 I have had some fruit. ②表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 I have studied English for five years. ③表示从过去到现在重复多次的动作 I have visited Xiamen three times. 课文中John所面临的是第一种情况,因为他吃过了午饭喝过了茶，也休过假，因此他谢绝了John的邀请，并表示今年已经无可能再次请假。 3.现在完成时句式变化 我已经吃过早饭了。 I have had breakfast. 句中I have 可缩写为 I’ve, have在句中是现在完成时的助动词无意义，had表示“吃”的意思，是have的过去分词 肯定句：主语+have/has +done 否定句：I have not(haven’t) had breakfast. 助动词have/has后+not 结构：主语+have/has +done. 疑问句：Have you had breakfast？ 助动词have/has调到句首 结构：Have/has+主语+done？ 4.与现在完成时连用的时间副词或短语 一般现在完成时通常与表示不确定的时间副词或短语连用如 already(已经) just（刚刚） before（之前） never（从未） ever（曾经）for three years（达到三年） since two months ago（自从2个月前） already和yet意思一样，already用于肯定句yet用于否定句和疑问句，already位于have/has和done之间，yet位于句末。 现在完成时在汉语中常用“了”、“过”或“已经”来表示 ( )1. , Mum. I’m looking for my toy car. A. Excuse the mess for me B. Excuse mess C. Excuse me with the mess D. Excuse the mess ( )2.A:Billy, go and do your homework. B:Oh, Mum. I have finished my homework. A. yet B. everC.already D.never ( )3. I a holiday next month. A. am going to have B. have had C. have D. had ( )4. A: Have you your lunch? B:Yes, I it an hour ago. A. have; had B. had; have C. had; had D. have; have ( )5.A: Did you read the book last night? B:No, I it three times. A. have read B. was reading C. have readed D. readed 5. ever和never在现在完成时中的用法 现在完成时中常见到这两个词，因为这两个词在时长上能够延续到对现在的影响。ever意思为曾经，never意思为从不。 I have ever been to Beijing. 我曾经去过北京。 I have never had sweets after that. 自那之后我再也没有吃过糖。 6.现在完成时（for与since的连用） —I’ve lived here for twenty years. Yes, I’ve been here since 1976. ★for+一段时间：表示动作持续多久； ★since+某个过去的时间点：表示某个动作是从何时开始的 原形 do drink go give see take bring buy come run 过去式 did drank went gave saw took brought bought came ran 过去分词 done drunk gone given seen taken brought bought come run 原形 begin draw drive know ride sing swim buy speak eat 过去式 began drew drove knew rode sang swam bought spoke ate 过去分词 begun drawn driven known ridden sung swum bought spoken eaten 现在完成时练习 姓名：____________ 年级：___________日期 ：________分数：__________ ( ) 1.-Where are the teachers now?-In the meeting room.They the meeting for 10 minutes. A.have begun B.have been on C.have had D.have been held ( )2.China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 29,000 kilometers in the past few years. A.are growing B.were growing C.will grow D.have grown ( )3.-Is everyone here,Jonathan?-No,Sir.Millie is absent.She for two days. A.has fallen ill B.has been ill C.fell ill D.was ill ( )4.-The drama series The Thunder《破冰行动》 hits screens these days． -Oh,what a pity!I any of them yet. A.doesn't watch B.didn't watch C.won't watch D.haven't watched ( )5.-When will your sister go to England?-She London since four months ago. A.went to B.has gone to C.has been to D.has been in ( )6.- when has the country been open to international trade?--1978.I suppose. A.Since B.In C.From D.After ( )7.The life we were used to greatly since 1992. A.change B.has changed C.changing D.have changed ( )8.-I haven't heard from Henry for a long time.-What do you suppose to him? A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.had happened ( )9.-You have a nice car.-Thank you.I it for less than one month. A.bought B.have bought C.had D.have had ( )10.-Look! That woman looks like our teacher.-It be her.She Australia. A. can't; has been toB.may not; has been to C.can't; has gonc to D.mustn't; has gonet ( ) 11.-Sorry.I am late.-It doesn't matter.The meeting for just several minutes A.has begun B.has started C.has been on D.had been on ( )12.-May I speak to Wang Li?-Sorry,she is not at home.She since last month. A.left B.has left C.has been away D.went away ( ) 13.1_ great progress in English since I reading English papers. A.am making;begin B.have made;began C.had made;began D.was making;begin ( )14.The old man got sick last April and in bed since then. A.was B.had been C.has been D.would be ( )15.- Jack ?-Sorry,he isn't in at the moment.He_ the zoo with his father. A.Is; speaking;has gone to B. Does; speak;has gone to C.Is;speaking;has been to D.Does;speak;has been to ( ) 16.-Is this your first time to Xinjiang?-No,I here several times. A.have gone B.haven't gone C.have been D.haven't been ( ) 17.-Have you seen Dr.Adams recently? -No.He Hong Kong for an international meeting. He'll come back tomorrow. A.has gone in B.has been in C.has gone to D.has been to ( )18.-Do you miss your parents far away?-Yes,very much.They the hometown for over two years. A.left B.have left C.were away from D.have been away from ( )19.-Would you like to watch the three-D film Titanic with me? -Certainly. I don't mind seeing it again although I it twice. A.saw B.was secn C.have seen D.had scen ( )20.Alice in Wonderland for 15 days and many of us like the film very much. A.begins B.has begun C.began D.has been on ( )21.-Mike,why do you come here so late? The concert since half an hour ago. -What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A.has ended B.has been on C.has started D.has been over ( )22.-Have you been to Suning Plaza（苏宁购物中心）in our city？ -No.Although it for more than a week, I'm far too busy to go there. A.has started B.has been on C.has been open D.has opened ( )23.Neither Jim nor Tom Australia before, but they know the country very well. A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to ( )24.-Jim,turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.-Don't worry.He for half an hour. A.woke up B.has woken up C.was awake D.has been awake ( )25.I hear you've bought a book called Uncle Tom's Cabin. I wonder A.where did you buy it B.how long you have bought it C.what it is about D.when will you finish reading it ( )26.-Amy with her parents the cinema to watch the film. -Oh,that's why they are not at home now. A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to ( )27.-Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. -He is so brave! I wonder . A.how long he has been to Africa B.whether he has gone to Africa before C.how many times he has been in Africa D.how soon he will retumn from Africa ( ) 28.A lot of money at the charity show, but the cost of livinga lot, so we still need to do much work to help people in need. A. was raised; has risen B.was raised; is risen C.rose;has risen D.rose;were raised ( )29.-Where is your father?-He Australia and he Sydney for two weeks. A.has been to;has been in B.has been in; has been to C.has gone to;has been in D.has gone to;has been to ( )30.Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum for about five years,but 1 there. A.has opened; haven't gone B. has been open; haven't been C.has been open;haven't gone D.has opened;haven't been ( )31.-Not only Gu Ailing but also Su Yiming the hero of the young. -Exactly.Both of them interested in skiing since they were still young. A.are;have become B.is;have become C.are;have been D.is;have been ( )32.-When did the boy_the girl?-They have_for ten years. A.get married to;been maried B.get married to;got married C.get married with;been married D.get married with; got married ( )33.The old man his dog alone since his wife A.has got used to walk;dead B. has been used to walk; has becn dead C. has got used to walking;died D. has been used to walking;died ( )34.The restaurant for three years,but I there so far. A.has been open; haven't been B.has opened; haven't gone C. has been open; haven't gone D.has opened;haven't been ( )35.-Boys and girls, what do you want to know about H1N1（甲流）?-I wonder ． A.when the disease has happened B.what we can do to fight against it C.how long the virus started D.why has the disease spread so fast ( )36.-He exercise in the park every morning when he was young. -Yes,but now the life he was used to a lot. A.used to;changing B.was used to; has changed C.was used to;changing D.used to;has changed ( )37.-A lot of money for the old man's operation online. -Yes,but the cost of medicine a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A.raised;rose B. was raised; has risen C.was risen; has raised D.was raised;rose ( )38.Which of the following is right? A. He's borrowed the book for two weeks. B. I have joined the army since two days ago. C.His father has left here since he was born. D.They have been married for ten years. ( )39.did the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games finish?-It_for nearly two months. A.When;has finished B.How long;has been over C.When;has been over D.How long;has finished ( )40.I Nanjing for half a year, but I haven't travelled to many places of interest around it. A.arrived in B.got to C.have arrived in D.have been in ( )41.Mr Li France for a holiday.He abroad only once.He there for 5 days. A.has gone to;has been;has been B.has been to; has gone; has been C.has gone to; has gone;has been D. has been to; has been;has gone ( )42.- did your uncle buy this car?-He it for nearly two years. A.When;has bought B.When;has had C.How long;has bought D.How long;has had ( )43.My uncle the club in 2014.He the club for over 3 years. A.joined; has been a member of B.joined;has joined C.has joined;has joined D.has joined; has been in ( )44.-Could you tell me ?-For two weeks. A.how long you borrowed this book B.how long you have borrowed this book C.how long you kept the book D.how long you have kept the book ( )45.-CanI Robinson Crusoe? Mrs Zhao. -Sure,it's very interesting,but you can onlyit for two weeks. A.borrow;lend B.lend;borrow C.borrow;keep D.lend;keep 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $