高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版01）

**基本信息** 本试卷为高中英语Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版）单元测试，以自然灾害为核心主题，通过听力、阅读、完形、语法及写作等题型，融合真实案例（如火山学家Katia Krafft事迹）与实用技能（如洪水防护），适配单元复习，强化语言能力与跨文化思维。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力选择题|20题/30分|灾害场景对话（地震、洪水等）|情境真实，考查细节理解与推理| |阅读理解|4篇20题/37.5分|灾难电影、火山研究、洪水防护、野火污染|真实案例（如Katia Krafft），培养信息筛选与批判性思维| |完形填空|15题/15分|洪水救援故事|情节连贯，考查词汇运用与语境理解| |语法填空|10题/15分|电动车消防安全整治|时态与语态应用，贴近社会热点| |书信写作|1题/15分|自然灾害体验馆VR活动|应用文写作，融合科技情境，提升表达能力| |书面表达|1题/25分|登山遇风暴续写|情节拓展，考查逻辑思维与叙事能力|

高中英语单元测试——Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 2．（本题1.5分）Why does the man make the call? A．To change an appointment. B．To ask about work. C．To arrange a trip. 3．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A fireman. B．A building. C．A fire. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)What happened last night? A．There was an earthquake. B．There was heavy rain. C．A building fell down. 7．What was the woman doing then? A．Watching TV. B．Taking a shower. C．Running outside. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 9．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 10．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 12．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 13．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and worker. C．Teacher and student. 15．What is the woman's attitude towards Mark? A．She feels nervous. B．She trusts him a lot. C．She is disappointed in him. 16．Why does the man believe in Mark? A．Because Mark is an adult. B．Because Mark is smart enough. C．Because Mark has had special training. 17．What will the speakers do for Mark? A．Tell him their experience. B．Design an emergency drill. C．Help him out of the emergency. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Natural disaster movies feature some of the worst events that nature has to offer. A lot of these films have fallen flat on their face, because a lot of times their sole purpose is to showcase pretty special effects and not much else.Don’t Look Up (2021) Disaster: Asteroid (小行星) impact Normally, when disaster movies are made they tend to focus more on the action side of things or on the tragedy (悲剧) of many lives being lost. Don’t look Up this movie is a comedy at heart, and turns a serious, potentially bad situation into something truly funny.Only the Brave (2017) Disaster: Wildfire This one is specifically about a team of 20 firefighters who risked their own lives to fight the very real 2013 Yarnell Hill Wildfire. 19 of these 20 did not come home. This movie shows how firefighters are somewhat underappreciated members of society that deserve more credit, especially with the danger they face.Deep Impact (1998) Disaster: Asteroid impact It is a movie that didn’t get very good reviews when it first came out, but it is a lot easier to appreciate now. There aren’t a lot of asteroid disaster movies out there that have as many enjoyable moments as this one does. Plus, it has Morgan Freeman in it, who is always a welcome addition.The Impossible (2012) Disaster: Tsunami (海啸) The Impossible is based on a Spanish family experience surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, which reportedly claimed over 250,000 lives in 14 different countries. That’s right: this movie is based on true events. 21．(7.5分)What is special about Don’t look Up? A．It tells terrible scenes. B．It shows survival methods. C．Morgan Freeman is in it. D．Its plot is full of humor. 22．What moves us most in Only the Brave? A．People’s quick reaction to the fire. B．Firefighters’ spirit of devotion. C．People’s gratitude to firefighters. D．The enjoyable moments. 23．Which movie describes the terrible scene in the ocean? A．Don’t Look Up. B．Only the Brave. C．The Impossible. D．Deep Impact. （本题10分）A woman in a cap wanders calmly along. Except for the lava (熔岩) erupting behind her, she could be walking in the park. The woman turns to watch the molten rock flow for a moment then walks calmly toward the camera. The footage(镜头) is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft. Born in France, in 1942, Katia developed an interest in volcanoes at an early age. Later, she met Maurice Krafft. The pair bonded over their shared love of volcanoes before marrying in 1970. The Kraffts wrote about 20 books on volcanoes across the globe. Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology. Their footage had more than scientific value. For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an evacuation of those in the danger zone. In 1969, Katia was awarded the prize of the Vocation Foundation for her work on active volcanic sites. The couple lost their lives, along with more than 40 others during the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan on June 3.1991. when they were caught in a flow of rock, gas and ash moving at speeds of over 100 miles per hour, with temperatures of more than 800 degrees Fahrenheit. Katia was 49; Maurice, 45. Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. 24．(10分)What can we infer from the book Into the Inferno? A．Its author is Katia Krafft. B．It’s a biography of Katia Krafft. C．It calls on protecting the environment. D．It focuses on volcanoes and their explorers. 25．What do we know about the couple? A．They prevented a natural disaster. B．They served as a warning in Japan. C．They helped spread volcano science. D．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption. 26．Which can replace the underlined word “evacuation” in paragraph 3? A．Substance. B．Departure. C．Occupation. D．Intervention. 27．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi? A．Katia’s death made her restless. B．Katia helped her with her research. C．Katia taught her to make a documentary. D．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. （本题10分）Are flash floods becoming more serious? According to the Environment Agency, around 5.2 million properties in England alone are at risk of flooding. Climate change is bringing more unpredictable weather patterns, such as wetter weather and rising sea level. Therefore, protecting yourselves from flooding has never been more important. Here are some things you can do. First, stay informed. Download the weather app and allow notices. The app will provide you with real-time weather warnings allowing you to take appropriate measures. Extreme weather events are an unstoppable force — sometimes leaving the area will be your only safe option. Second, know the level of risk by looking at flood maps. You may be required to have flood insurance if you live in a high-risk area. Third, create an emergency plan. Make sure you always keep emergency supplies to last several days, including a first aid kit. Having a way of recharging your mobile phone is worth considering too. But be particularly careful when travelling by car. Don’t drive through flooded streets — it’s difficult to judge the water depth, and roadways hidden below the water can collapse. If floodwaters cause your vehicle to lose control, give it up and seek the higher ground. Rapidly rising water can sweep the vehicle away. Plan for the worst; hope for the best. The Met Office predicted that extreme rainfall events could be four times as frequent by the 2070s compared to the 1980s. In the face of increasing climate-related challenges, adopting a proactive approach to flood protection seems increasingly advisable. 28．(10分)Why does the author ask the question in Paragraph 1? A．To confirm an idea. B．To introduce a topic. C．To conclude the text. D．To express some doubts. 29．What are the drivers especially advised to do when travelling? A．Avoid driving through the flooded streets. B．Get rid of necessary supplies if necessary. C．Purchase flood insurance in advance. D．Keep the weather app updated over time. 30．What kind of writing skill does the author use in the last paragraph? A．Analyzing causes. B．Quoting sayings. C．Describing processes. D．Making comparisons. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．What is a flash flood? B．Do flash floods need controlling? C．Are flash floods becoming more serious? D．How do we protect ourselves from flash floods? （本题10分）As wildfires spread across forests and grasslands, they give off large amounts of gases and tiny particles (颗粒) into the air. Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested. The research also points out that in several areas, pollution from fires joins together with pollution from human activities, making air quality worse. Every year, wildfires burn through huge areas of plants, sending a complex mix of chemicals into the atmosphere. These include VOCs that easily form in the air, plus IVOCs and SVOCs, which need higher heat to turn into gas and more readily become tiny particles. When people breathe in these particles, they can be harmful to health. However, they are often not studied when scientists look at what wildfires release (排放). Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs. To solve this problem, Shuxiao Wang’s team tried to include IVOCs and SVOCs along with VOCs in their study to better understand how wildfires affect air quality, human health, and the climate. The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放). The results showed that wild land fires released an average of 143 million tons of chemicals yearly — about 21% higher than previous estimates. The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities. 32．(10分)What does the author want to point out in paragraph 1? A．Wildfires are spreading faster than before. B．Wildfires are the main cause of air pollution. C．Human activities pollute the air more than wildfires. D．Fire-related air pollution is more serious than known. 33．Why were IVOCs and SVOCs often left out in earlier studies? A．They are hard to measure accurately. B．They disappear quickly in the air. C．Their effect on climate is insignificant. D．Their existence remained unknown. 34．Which best describes the study led by Shuxiao Wang’s team? A．Thorough and data-driven. B．Regional but well-recorded. C．Theoretical and model-based. D．Limited but system-building. 35．What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A．Current policies fully control wildfire pollution. B．Wildfires and human activities require emission cuts. C．More research is needed on chemicals emissions. D．Reducing human-caused pollution is less essential. （本题12.5分）How to Stay Safe During a Typhoon When a typhoon strikes, the world outside can change from calm to dangerous in just a few minutes. The sky darkens, the wind grows wild, and heavy rain begins to fall with great force. 36(12.5分) But staying calm and taking the right actions can make a big difference. Stay indoors and keep away from windows During a typhoon, the safest place is always indoors. Once the storm begins, do not go outside, not even for a short look. Close all windows and doors tightly, and stay away from glass, which may break when hit by strong wind or flying objects. 37 Waiting indoors may feel long and boring, but it protects you from real danger outside. Be mindful of electricity and stay alert (警觉的) 38 If water begins to enter your home, turn off the main power in no time. Avoid touching wet plugs, wires, or electrical devices. Listen carefully to what’s happening around you. Sometimes a strange sound or sudden silence can mean trouble is near. During a typhoon, attention saves more than strength does. Follow official warnings and remain patient A typhoon can change direction or strength at any time. Follow the advice of local governments, even if the weather seems calmer for a moment. If the sky suddenly becomes calm, don’t be fooled — it is the “eye” of the typhoon that passes by. 39 So you should stay patient and wait for official news. Stay calm and support each other No one can stop the storm, but you can control how you face it. Take deep breaths, speak gently, and try to calm those around you. Help children, the elderly, or neighbors who might be alone. Courage grows when people care for each other. 40 A．The worst of the storm may be over. B．It is normal to feel fear at such a moment. C．Kindness stands even in the strongest wind. D．The wind can return even harder than before. E．You need to learn to fix the electricity by yourself. F．If you live high up, this rule is especially important. G．Strong wind and rain can be dangerous with electricity. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Joel Boyers and his fiancée (未婚妻), Melody Among, were heading home when he received a call. The caller told Boyers that her brother and two nieces were 41 on their roof in Waverly. 42 by floodwater, they didn’t think they would survive. 43 , the caller had Googled Boyers’s company for help. Without 44 , Boyers knew they would go back up. “I’ve got a daughter myself,” Boyers says. Driving back to the airport, they were soon in the air, 45 for what came next. “As soon as I 46 over the area, it was nothing but rapid water below me,” he says. “Two houses on fire. Cars in trees. Tons of debris (碎石). No one was going to 47 in that.” There they began 48 for people on roofs, bridges — anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter and get them 49 . One rescued man pointed to a teenager he’d seen holding a tree. The teen, all wet and 50 , was barely out of the water. With no place to land, Boyers 51 the helicopter until it stayed just above the water line. The rescued man managed to help the teen to the helicopter. Then they were back in the 52 . Boyers and Among’s 53 ended 90 minutes after it began, when professional rescue teams 54 . It was good timing — Boyers and Among were 55 out of fuel after rescuing 17 people. They are our heroes. 41．(15分)A．killed B．ignored C．arranged D．trapped 42．A．Impressed B．Damaged C．Surrounded D．Protected 43．A．Curious B．Desperate C．Excited D．Satisfied 44．A．hesitation B．permission C．warning D．effort 45．A．disappointed B．heartbroken C．unprepared D．mistaken 46．A．took B．popped C．pulled D．fell 47．A．surf B．fish C．sink D．swim 48．A．praying B．searching C．calling D．applying 49．A．onboard B．away C．backward D．down 50．A．enthusiastic B．proud C．drunk D．exhausted 51．A．turned B．pushed C．lowered D．speeded 52．A．air B．house C．water D．roof 53．A．obstacle B．mission C．intention D．fortune 54．A．held back B．settled down C．broke in D．showed up 55．A．almost B．still C．rather D．even 四、语法填空 （本题15分）On March 1st, 2026, a special rectification campaign on electric vehicle fire safety 56(15分) (launch) in Beijing. The campaign 57 (aim) to tackle the growing problem of fires caused by improper parking and charging of electric vehicles. In recent years, such fires 58 (cause) severe losses across the country.   During the first week, inspection teams 59 (send) to thousands of residential areas. They 60 (find) many violations, such as vehicles blocking emergency exits. Offenders 61 (warn) and given instructions on safe practices. Meanwhile, new charging facilities 62 (install) rapidly to meet the demand.   By the end of March, the number of fire incidents 63 (drop) significantly. Officials said that similar campaigns 64 (carry) out in other cities soon. They believe that with continued efforts, electric vehicle fires 65 (bring) under control. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆参加了一次活动，学生们戴上VR眼镜，如临其境地体验了各种自然灾害。请你为校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程；3. 活动反响。 提示词：自然灾害体验馆（Natural Disaster Experience Hall） 注意：写作词数应为120左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The four mountain climbers were still breathing heavily as they looked out into the distance. The views from the top of the mountain were breathtaking. In all directions, valleys, forests and other mountains were laid out before them. They could even see the small wooden houses of the village where they had spent the night and the route they had taken to reach the top of this small but dangerous mountain. Laughing loudly, they were surprised at their courage in climbing such a steep and rocky mountain slope. Filled with an enormous sense of achievement, the four young climbers patted each other on the back. As the other three continued to enjoy the views, Jason, the leader of the group, stared at the horizon with a troubled look on his face. “What is it, Jason?” Sofia, the youngest of the group, asked. “Those dark clouds in the distance mean a heavy storm is fast on the way,” Jason replied. He remembered the villagers had warned him of the unpredictable weather conditions on top of the mountain and that a terrible storm could appear from nowhere. “But it’s so warm and sunny here. I don’t think the storm is coming this way,” Sofia said, more in hope than expectation. However, Jason feared the worst and knew only too well what would happen if the storm caught them in the open. He addressed the group in a calm but serious tone, “If the storm hits us, the temperature will fall dramatically. The rain and mist will make it difficult for us to see where we are going and we could easily get lost or fall off a cliff. The wind will take our strength, so we need to get moving fast.” The four mountain climbers packed up their facilities and immediately started back down the mountain. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, the storm was upon them sooner than expected. The wind screamed in their ears, the driving rain stung (刺痛) their eyes and the mist made it impossible for them to see clearly. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers stepped out of the shelter. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 【答案】C 【原文】M: The strong earthquake has destroyed transport in that area. W: Then how can rescue teams and supplies reach there? M: By plane. Food, clothing, rescue and medical teams are all sent in this way. 2．（本题1.5分）Why does the man make the call? A．To change an appointment. B．To ask about work. C．To arrange a trip. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Hi Mary, I’m on the train for a business trip. I won’t be able to meet you in town this afternoon. I’m afraid I have to work late. Really sorry. W: That’s Okay Mike, let’s arrange something for next week. 3．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Peter, what do you think of the speech? I think it’s inspiring. M: I don’t find it inspiring at all. Quite the contrary, I just want it to be over with. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A fireman. B．A building. C．A fire. 【答案】C 【原文】W: How did you manage to get away? M: I wet my sweater, covered my head and hurried to the burning door. As soon as I left the house, it burned. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Excuse me, I’m looking for something for a stomachache. W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem? M: For a few days. W:You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)What happened last night? A．There was an earthquake. B．There was heavy rain. C．A building fell down. 7．What was the woman doing then? A．Watching TV. B．Taking a shower. C．Running outside. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】W: Did you feel the earthquake last night? M: Yes, it was a big one. I was sitting on the couch watching TV when the couch started to shake. What were you doing at that time? W: I was taking a shower. I quickly wrapped myself in a towel and ran out of the bathroom. M: That must have been scary. W: For sure. But I’m glad that nobody got hurt and no buildings collapsed. M: Me too. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 9．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 10．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．C 【原文】M: I’m worried about our trip to Paris next week. W: Why? M: There has been heavy rain that has lifted the Seine River to about 20 feet, its highest level since 1982. It actually reached 28.2 feet in 1910, if you can believe it... It is normally only 5 feet high. Workers have said that the river won’t go back to its original level for another week or two. W: Do you think the ground beneath the Eiffel Tower is flooded? M: It is. I saw a photo of it. W: We won’t even be able to walk around and see the city! M: I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don’t get wet or muddy. Many buildings don’t have power, and I read that staff at the Louvre Museum had to move all the artworks to higher floors. It’s still closed to visitors. W: I hope we can at least see the Musée d’Orsay. That’s my favorite museum in the world. M: That’s closed, too. W: Oh no! （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 12．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 13．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and worker. C．Teacher and student. 15．What is the woman's attitude towards Mark? A．She feels nervous. B．She trusts him a lot. C．She is disappointed in him. 16．Why does the man believe in Mark? A．Because Mark is an adult. B．Because Mark is smart enough. C．Because Mark has had special training. 17．What will the speakers do for Mark? A．Tell him their experience. B．Design an emergency drill. C．Help him out of the emergency. 【答案】14．A 15．A 16．C 17．B 【原文】W: Mark is left alone at home. How's he feeling? I'm still worried. M: Oh, honey, he's already 12. W: Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave. M: Take it easy! He's fine. W: But we have to make sure that he knows what to do in case of emergency. M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam. W: The exam? It cannot help absolutely in reality. M: Hmm, you have a point. W: I have got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real life experience instead of just theory. M: Shh! Keep the plan between us. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place, so it is very important to realize how at risk it is. I’m not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important it is to protect what we love. Here, you’ll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons, and rising floods. Within our coastal city, the biggest danger is sea-level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations underwater to show how real these risks are. Before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest goal grew into this exhibition as students, teachers, and neighbors offered their talent, stories, and support. Because of everyone of you, more workshops will launch next month. To thank you for helping us reach this moment, I’d like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Natural disaster movies feature some of the worst events that nature has to offer. A lot of these films have fallen flat on their face, because a lot of times their sole purpose is to showcase pretty special effects and not much else. Don’t Look Up (2021) Disaster: Asteroid (小行星) impact Normally, when disaster movies are made they tend to focus more on the action side of things or on the tragedy (悲剧) of many lives being lost. Don’t look Up this movie is a comedy at heart, and turns a serious, potentially bad situation into something truly funny. Only the Brave (2017) Disaster: Wildfire This one is specifically about a team of 20 firefighters who risked their own lives to fight the very real 2013 Yarnell Hill Wildfire. 19 of these 20 did not come home. This movie shows how firefighters are somewhat underappreciated members of society that deserve more credit, especially with the danger they face. Deep Impact (1998) Disaster: Asteroid impact It is a movie that didn’t get very good reviews when it first came out, but it is a lot easier to appreciate now. There aren’t a lot of asteroid disaster movies out there that have as many enjoyable moments as this one does. Plus, it has Morgan Freeman in it, who is always a welcome addition. The Impossible (2012) Disaster: Tsunami (海啸) The Impossible is based on a Spanish family experience surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, which reportedly claimed over 250,000 lives in 14 different countries. That’s right: this movie is based on true events. 21．(7.5分)What is special about Don’t look Up? A．It tells terrible scenes. B．It shows survival methods. C．Morgan Freeman is in it. D．Its plot is full of humor. 22．What moves us most in Only the Brave? A．People’s quick reaction to the fire. B．Firefighters’ spirit of devotion. C．People’s gratitude to firefighters. D．The enjoyable moments. 23．Which movie describes the terrible scene in the ocean? A．Don’t Look Up. B．Only the Brave. C．The Impossible. D．Deep Impact. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部以自然灾难为主题的电影。 21．细节理解题。根据Don’t Look Up部分的“Don’t look Up this movie is a comedy at heart, and turns a serious, potentially bad situation into something truly funny. (《不要抬头》这部电影本质上是一部喜剧，它把一个严重的、潜在的糟糕情况变成了真正有趣的事情)”可知，电影《不要抬头》的特别之处在于它的情节充满了幽默。故选D项。 22．细节理解题。根据Only the Brave部分的“This one is specifically about a team of 20 firefighters who risked their own lives to fight the very real 2013 Yarnell Hill Wildfire. 19 of these 20 did not come home. (这部电影讲述的是一个由20名消防员组成的团队，他们冒着生命危险与2013年真实发生的亚内尔山野火作斗争。这20人中有19人没有回家)”可知，电影《勇往直前》呈现了消防员为了救火的奉献精神，这最能打动我们。故选B项。 23．细节理解题。根据The Impossible部分的“The Impossible is based on a Spanish family experience surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, which reportedly claimed over 250,000 lives in 14 different countries. (《海啸奇迹》是根据一个西班牙家庭在2004年印度洋海啸中幸存下来的经历改编的，据报道，这场海啸在14个不同的国家夺走了25万人的生命)”可知，电影《海啸奇迹》描述了海洋中可怕的场景。故选C项。 （本题10分）A woman in a cap wanders calmly along. Except for the lava (熔岩) erupting behind her, she could be walking in the park. The woman turns to watch the molten rock flow for a moment then walks calmly toward the camera. The footage(镜头) is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft. Born in France, in 1942, Katia developed an interest in volcanoes at an early age. Later, she met Maurice Krafft. The pair bonded over their shared love of volcanoes before marrying in 1970. The Kraffts wrote about 20 books on volcanoes across the globe. Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology. Their footage had more than scientific value. For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an evacuation of those in the danger zone. In 1969, Katia was awarded the prize of the Vocation Foundation for her work on active volcanic sites. The couple lost their lives, along with more than 40 others during the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan on June 3.1991. when they were caught in a flow of rock, gas and ash moving at speeds of over 100 miles per hour, with temperatures of more than 800 degrees Fahrenheit. Katia was 49; Maurice, 45. Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. 24．(10分)What can we infer from the book Into the Inferno? A．Its author is Katia Krafft. B．It’s a biography of Katia Krafft. C．It calls on protecting the environment. D．It focuses on volcanoes and their explorers. 25．What do we know about the couple? A．They prevented a natural disaster. B．They served as a warning in Japan. C．They helped spread volcano science. D．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption. 26．Which can replace the underlined word “evacuation” in paragraph 3? A．Substance. B．Departure. C．Occupation. D．Intervention. 27．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi? A．Katia’s death made her restless. B．Katia helped her with her research. C．Katia taught her to make a documentary. D．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。Katia Krafft是一位来自法国的火山学家。在那个火山研究并不成熟的年代，她几十年如一日地追逐着危险的活火山，留下了无数惊人的影像与图像档案。 【详解】24．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The footage is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft.(这张镜头来自沃纳·赫尔佐的书《深入火心》，照片中的女人可能是有史以来最重要的火山学家之一，卡蒂亚·克拉夫特)”可推知，该书主要介绍火山科学家探索世界上火山的故事。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology.(卡蒂亚和她的丈夫在对公众进行火山学教育方面取得了很大进展)”可知，这对夫妇帮助传播火山的科学知识。故选C。 26．词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an(例如，当菲律宾的皮纳图博火山在1991年开始出现喷发迹象时，克拉夫特一家向菲律宾总统阿基诺提供了1985年哥伦比亚内华达德尔鲁伊斯火山喷发影响的视频片段，请他下令进行一次)”及“those in the danger zone(那些在危险地带的人)”可知，当火山有喷发迹象时，应让人们离开，疏散他们，evacuation表示“疏散、离开”，与departure意思相近。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since.(“卡蒂亚·克拉夫特绝对是我从事这项工作的原因，”德国明斯特大学的博士后研究员卡拉·蒂拉博斯基说。卡拉在六七岁的时候第一次在纪录片中看到卡蒂亚，从那以后她就对火山着迷了)”可知，Carla Tiraboschi受Katia Krafft的事迹鼓舞，选择从事火山研究。故选D。 （本题10分）Are flash floods becoming more serious? According to the Environment Agency, around 5.2 million properties in England alone are at risk of flooding. Climate change is bringing more unpredictable weather patterns, such as wetter weather and rising sea level. Therefore, protecting yourselves from flooding has never been more important. Here are some things you can do. First, stay informed. Download the weather app and allow notices. The app will provide you with real-time weather warnings allowing you to take appropriate measures. Extreme weather events are an unstoppable force — sometimes leaving the area will be your only safe option. Second, know the level of risk by looking at flood maps. You may be required to have flood insurance if you live in a high-risk area. Third, create an emergency plan. Make sure you always keep emergency supplies to last several days, including a first aid kit. Having a way of recharging your mobile phone is worth considering too. But be particularly careful when travelling by car. Don’t drive through flooded streets — it’s difficult to judge the water depth, and roadways hidden below the water can collapse. If floodwaters cause your vehicle to lose control, give it up and seek the higher ground. Rapidly rising water can sweep the vehicle away. Plan for the worst; hope for the best. The Met Office predicted that extreme rainfall events could be four times as frequent by the 2070s compared to the 1980s. In the face of increasing climate-related challenges, adopting a proactive approach to flood protection seems increasingly advisable. 28．(10分)Why does the author ask the question in Paragraph 1? A．To confirm an idea. B．To introduce a topic. C．To conclude the text. D．To express some doubts. 29．What are the drivers especially advised to do when travelling? A．Avoid driving through the flooded streets. B．Get rid of necessary supplies if necessary. C．Purchase flood insurance in advance. D．Keep the weather app updated over time. 30．What kind of writing skill does the author use in the last paragraph? A．Analyzing causes. B．Quoting sayings. C．Describing processes. D．Making comparisons. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．What is a flash flood? B．Do flash floods need controlling? C．Are flash floods becoming more serious? D．How do we protect ourselves from flash floods? 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对山洪是否变得更严重这一问题，介绍了洪水风险的现状，并提供了多条个人防洪避险的建议。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Are flash floods becoming more serious?(山洪暴发是否正变得更加严重?)”以及后文“According to the Environment Agency, around 5.2 million properties in England alone are at risk of flooding.(根据环境署的数据，仅英格兰就有约520万处房产面临洪水风险)”和“Here are some things you can do.(以下是一些你可以做的事情)”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了引入本文关于防洪的话题。故选B项。 29．细节理解题。根据第五段中“But be particularly careful when travelling by car. Don’t drive through flooded streets — it’s difficult to judge the water depth, and roadways hidden below the water can collapse.(但在驾车出行时要特别小心。不要驾车驶过被淹没的街道——很难判断水深，水面下的道路可能会坍塌)”可知，特别建议司机在旅行时避免驾车通过被淹没的街道。故选A项。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Met Office predicted that extreme rainfall events could be four times as frequent by the 2070s compared to the 1980s.(英国气象局预测，到21世纪70年代，极端降雨事件的频率可能是20世纪80年代的四倍)”可知，作者将21世纪70年代与20世纪80年代的极端降雨事件频率进行了比较，运用了作比较的写作技巧。故选D项。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Therefore, protecting yourselves from flooding has never been more important. Here are some things you can do.(因此，防范洪水比以往任何时候都更加重要。以下是一些你可以做的事情)”以及后文分点介绍的具体措施可知，本文主要介绍了如何保护自己免受山洪灾害。故D项“How do we protect ourselves from flash floods?(我们如何保护自己免受山洪灾害？)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选D项。 （本题10分）As wildfires spread across forests and grasslands, they give off large amounts of gases and tiny particles (颗粒) into the air. Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested. The research also points out that in several areas, pollution from fires joins together with pollution from human activities, making air quality worse. Every year, wildfires burn through huge areas of plants, sending a complex mix of chemicals into the atmosphere. These include VOCs that easily form in the air, plus IVOCs and SVOCs, which need higher heat to turn into gas and more readily become tiny particles. When people breathe in these particles, they can be harmful to health. However, they are often not studied when scientists look at what wildfires release (排放). Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs. To solve this problem, Shuxiao Wang’s team tried to include IVOCs and SVOCs along with VOCs in their study to better understand how wildfires affect air quality, human health, and the climate. The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放). The results showed that wild land fires released an average of 143 million tons of chemicals yearly — about 21% higher than previous estimates. The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities. 32．(10分)What does the author want to point out in paragraph 1? A．Wildfires are spreading faster than before. B．Wildfires are the main cause of air pollution. C．Human activities pollute the air more than wildfires. D．Fire-related air pollution is more serious than known. 33．Why were IVOCs and SVOCs often left out in earlier studies? A．They are hard to measure accurately. B．They disappear quickly in the air. C．Their effect on climate is insignificant. D．Their existence remained unknown. 34．Which best describes the study led by Shuxiao Wang’s team? A．Thorough and data-driven. B．Regional but well-recorded. C．Theoretical and model-based. D．Limited but system-building. 35．What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A．Current policies fully control wildfire pollution. B．Wildfires and human activities require emission cuts. C．More research is needed on chemicals emissions. D．Reducing human-caused pollution is less essential. 【答案】32．D 33．A 34．A 35．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现野火造成的空气污染远超此前认知，此前研究因难测量忽略了部分有害物，研究团队经全面数据分析得出野火排放量更高，且野火与人类活动均需减排。 32．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested.(如今，科学家们认为我们可能尚未完全了解这些火灾所造成的污染程度。《环境科学与技术》杂志上发表的一项研究显示，全球范围内的野火所排放的有害气体量可能远超此前研究的估计值)”可知，作者在第一段中想要说明与火灾相关的空气污染程度比已知情况更为严重。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs.(它们的数量庞大且化学结构复杂，这使得测量工作变得十分困难，因此过去的评估主要集中在半挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）方面)”可知，在早期的研究中，中等挥发性有机化合物（IVOCs）和半挥发性有机化合物（SVOCs）常常被忽略不计是因为它们难以精确测量。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据第三段“The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放).(该团队首先分析了1997年至2023年全球范围内的烧毁土地数据库。然后，他们收集了不同植物燃烧时释放出的化学物质的相关信息。当无法从实际火灾中获得直接测量数据时，他们通过实验室实验来估算所产生的化学物质。将所有这些信息汇总起来后，他们计算出了全球每年的野火排放量)”可知，王舒晓团队所开展的研究是全面且基于数据的。故选A。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities.(该团队还发现，尽管人类活动总体上造成了更多的污染，但野火和人类活动所释放的 IVOCs（中等挥发性有机化合物）和 SVOCs（半挥发性有机化合物）的量是相当的。这一发现凸显了野火在降低空气质量方面所起的作用超出预期，尤其是通过 IVOC 和 SVOC 的排放来实现的。需要制定不同的计划来减少来自野火和人类活动的污染)”可知，火灾与人类活动都需要减少排放。故选B。 （本题12.5分）How to Stay Safe During a Typhoon When a typhoon strikes, the world outside can change from calm to dangerous in just a few minutes. The sky darkens, the wind grows wild, and heavy rain begins to fall with great force. 36(12.5分) But staying calm and taking the right actions can make a big difference. Stay indoors and keep away from windows During a typhoon, the safest place is always indoors. Once the storm begins, do not go outside, not even for a short look. Close all windows and doors tightly, and stay away from glass, which may break when hit by strong wind or flying objects. 37 Waiting indoors may feel long and boring, but it protects you from real danger outside. Be mindful of electricity and stay alert (警觉的) 38 If water begins to enter your home, turn off the main power in no time. Avoid touching wet plugs, wires, or electrical devices. Listen carefully to what’s happening around you. Sometimes a strange sound or sudden silence can mean trouble is near. During a typhoon, attention saves more than strength does. Follow official warnings and remain patient A typhoon can change direction or strength at any time. Follow the advice of local governments, even if the weather seems calmer for a moment. If the sky suddenly becomes calm, don’t be fooled — it is the “eye” of the typhoon that passes by. 39 So you should stay patient and wait for official news. Stay calm and support each other No one can stop the storm, but you can control how you face it. Take deep breaths, speak gently, and try to calm those around you. Help children, the elderly, or neighbors who might be alone. Courage grows when people care for each other. 40 A．The worst of the storm may be over. B．It is normal to feel fear at such a moment. C．Kindness stands even in the strongest wind. D．The wind can return even harder than before. E．You need to learn to fix the electricity by yourself. F．If you live high up, this rule is especially important. G．Strong wind and rain can be dangerous with electricity. 【答案】36．B 37．F 38．G 39．D 40．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了台风期间的安全防护措施。 【详解】36．上文“The sky darkens, the wind grows wild, and heavy rain begins to fall with great force. (天空变暗，狂风大作，暴雨猛烈袭来)”描述了台风天的危险景象，下文“But staying calm and taking the right actions can make a big difference. (但保持冷静并采取正确行动会有很大作用)”以转折引出应对方法。选项B“在这种时刻感到恐惧是正常的”承接上文的危险场景，解释了人们的情绪反应，同时衔接下文“保持冷静”的建议，符合语境。故选B。 37．上文“Close all windows and doors tightly, and stay away from glass, which may break when hit by strong wind or flying objects. (紧闭门窗，远离玻璃，以免玻璃被强风或飞行物击中而破裂)”强调了室内避险的要点，且提到“远离玻璃”的原因。选项F“如果你住在高层，这条规则尤为重要”进一步补充了“远离门窗/玻璃”的适用场景(高层更易受狂风影响)，符合语境。故选F。 38．上文“Be mindful of electricity and stay alert (警觉的)(注意用电，保持警惕)”是本段小标题，围绕“用电安全”展开，下文“If water begins to enter your home, turn off the main power in no time. (如果水开始涌入家中，立即切断总电源)”具体说明用电风险的应对。选项G“狂风暴雨与电结合会很危险”点明了台风期间用电的危险性，呼应小标题，引出下文的应对措施，符合语境。故选G。 39．上文“If the sky suddenly becomes calm, don’t be fooled — it is the “eye” of the typhoon that passes by. (如果天空突然平静，不要上当，这是台风眼经过)”解释了台风眼的“平静假象”，下文“So you should stay patient and wait for official news. (所以你应该保持耐心，等待官方消息)”强调需继续避险。选项D“风力可能会比之前更猛烈地袭来”说明台风眼过后的危险，承接上文的“平静假象”，衔接下文“保持耐心”的建议，符合语境。故选D。 40．上文“Help children, the elderly, or neighbors who might be alone. Courage grows when people care for each other. (帮助可能独处的儿童、老人或邻居。人们彼此关爱时，勇气会增长)”强调了台风期间互助的重要性。选项C“善意在最强的狂风中也能屹立”呼应“彼此关爱”的主题，总结了互助的意义，符合语境。故选C。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Joel Boyers and his fiancée (未婚妻), Melody Among, were heading home when he received a call. The caller told Boyers that her brother and two nieces were 41 on their roof in Waverly. 42 by floodwater, they didn’t think they would survive. 43 , the caller had Googled Boyers’s company for help. Without 44 , Boyers knew they would go back up. “I’ve got a daughter myself,” Boyers says. Driving back to the airport, they were soon in the air, 45 for what came next. “As soon as I 46 over the area, it was nothing but rapid water below me,” he says. “Two houses on fire. Cars in trees. Tons of debris (碎石). No one was going to 47 in that.” There they began 48 for people on roofs, bridges — anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter and get them 49 . One rescued man pointed to a teenager he’d seen holding a tree. The teen, all wet and 50 , was barely out of the water. With no place to land, Boyers 51 the helicopter until it stayed just above the water line. The rescued man managed to help the teen to the helicopter. Then they were back in the 52 . Boyers and Among’s 53 ended 90 minutes after it began, when professional rescue teams 54 . It was good timing — Boyers and Among were 55 out of fuel after rescuing 17 people. They are our heroes. 41．(15分)A．killed B．ignored C．arranged D．trapped 42．A．Impressed B．Damaged C．Surrounded D．Protected 43．A．Curious B．Desperate C．Excited D．Satisfied 44．A．hesitation B．permission C．warning D．effort 45．A．disappointed B．heartbroken C．unprepared D．mistaken 46．A．took B．popped C．pulled D．fell 47．A．surf B．fish C．sink D．swim 48．A．praying B．searching C．calling D．applying 49．A．onboard B．away C．backward D．down 50．A．enthusiastic B．proud C．drunk D．exhausted 51．A．turned B．pushed C．lowered D．speeded 52．A．air B．house C．water D．roof 53．A．obstacle B．mission C．intention D．fortune 54．A．held back B．settled down C．broke in D．showed up 55．A．almost B．still C．rather D．even 【答案】 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Joel Boyers和他的未婚妻Melody Among在回家途中接到求救电话，他们毅然决定返回洪水肆虐的地区进行救援，在燃料几乎耗尽前成功救出17人的故事。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：打电话的人告诉Boyers，她的哥哥和两个侄女被困在Waverly的屋顶上。A. killed杀死；B. ignored忽略；C. arranged安排；D. trapped困住。根据后文“on their roof in Waverly”以及“by floodwater, they didn’t think they would survive”以及洪水背景可知，他们是被洪水困住了。故选D。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被洪水包围，以为自己活不下去了。A. Impressed使印象深刻；B. Damaged破坏；C. Surrounded包围；D. Protected保护。根据前文“were ____ on their roof in Waverly”后文“by floodwater”可知，被困在屋顶应是被洪水包围。故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绝望中，打电话的人在谷歌上搜索了Boyers的公司寻求帮助。A. Curious好奇的；B. Desperate绝望的；C. Excited兴奋的；D. Satisfied满意的。根据前文“they didn’t think they would survive”可知，他们以为自己活不下去了，所以很绝望。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Boyers毫不犹豫地知道他们会回去。A. hesitation犹豫；B. permission允许；C. warning警告；D. effort努力。根据后文“‘I’ve got a daughter myself,’ Boyers says”以及他立刻展开救援的行为可知，他没有犹豫。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫”。故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开车回到机场后，他们很快就起飞了，对接下来会发生什么毫无准备。A. disappointed失望的；B. heartbroken心碎的；C. unprepared没有准备的；D. mistaken错误的。根据后文““As soon as I ____ over the area, it was nothing but rapid water below me,” he says.”可知，他们一开始对具体情况并不了解，是毫无准备的。故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我一飞到那个地区上空，下面就只有湍急的水流，”他说。A. took拿走；B. popped突然出现；C. pulled拉；D. fell落下。根据后文“over the area, it was nothing but rapid water below me”可知，这里描述飞机飞到该地区上空的情景，“popped over”有突然到达的意味，符合语境。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人能在那种情况下游泳。A. surf冲浪；B. fish钓鱼；C. sink下沉；D. swim游泳。根据前文“it was nothing but rapid water”及“Two houses on fire. Cars in trees. Tons of debris (碎石).”可知，水流湍急且环境危险，没人能在这样的水里游泳。故选D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们开始搜寻屋顶上、桥上——任何Boyers可以让直升机降落并把他们带上飞机的地方的人。A. praying祈祷；B. searching搜寻；C. calling打电话、呼叫；D. applying申请。根据后文“for people on roofs, bridges — anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter”可知，他们的任务是救援，所以是搜寻需要救援的人。故选B。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们开始搜寻屋顶上、桥上——任何Boyers可以让直升机降落并把他们带上飞机的地方的人。A. onboard在船上（或飞机上、车上）；B. away离开；C. backward向后；D. down向下。根据前文“anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter”可知，此处指让被救的人上直升机。故选A。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个十几岁的孩子浑身湿透，筋疲力尽，几乎要从水里出来了。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. proud骄傲的；C. drunk喝醉的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据前文“The teen, all wet”以及后文“was barely out of the water”结合语境可知，少年被困在水里，应是疲惫不堪的。故选D。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有地方降落，Boyers降低了直升机的高度，直到它刚好停在水面上。A. turned转动；B. pushed推；C. lowered降低；D. speeded加速。根据后文“the helicopter until it stayed just above the water line”可知，此处指降低了直升机的高度。故选C。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他们又回到了空中。A. air空气；B. house房子；C. water水；D. roof屋顶。根据前文“The rescued man managed to help the teen to the helicopter.”可知，救到人后，直升机应是重新升空，回到空中继续救援。故选A。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Boyers和Among的任务在开始90分钟后结束了，当时专业的救援队出现了。A. obstacle障碍；B. mission任务；C. intention意图；D. fortune运气。根据后文“ended 90 minutes after it began”以及“after rescuing 17 people”可知，他们的救援行动是一项任务。故选B。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Boyers和Among的任务在开始90分钟后结束了，当时专业的救援队出现了。A. held back抑制、隐瞒；B. settled down定居；C. broke in闯入；D. showed up出现。根据前文“when professional rescue teams”可知，此处指专业的救援队出现了。故选D。 55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：时机正好——Boyers和Among在救出17人后几乎耗尽了燃料。A. almost几乎；B. still仍然；C. rather相当；D. even甚至。根据前文“good timing”及后文“out of fuel after rescuing 17 people”可知，在他们几乎没油时任务结束，时机刚好。故选A。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）On March 1st, 2026, a special rectification campaign on electric vehicle fire safety 56(15分) (launch) in Beijing. The campaign 57 (aim) to tackle the growing problem of fires caused by improper parking and charging of electric vehicles. In recent years, such fires 58 (cause) severe losses across the country.   During the first week, inspection teams 59 (send) to thousands of residential areas. They 60 (find) many violations, such as vehicles blocking emergency exits. Offenders 61 (warn) and given instructions on safe practices. Meanwhile, new charging facilities 62 (install) rapidly to meet the demand.   By the end of March, the number of fire incidents 63 (drop) significantly. Officials said that similar campaigns 64 (carry) out in other cities soon. They believe that with continued efforts, electric vehicle fires 65 (bring) under control. 【答案】 56．was launched 57．aimed 58．have caused 59．were sent 60．found 61．were warned 62．were installed 63．had dropped 64．will be carried 65．will be brought 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2026年3月北京启动电动车消防安全专项整治工作，取得了一定的成效，后续还将在其它城市继续推广。 【详解】56．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2026年3月1日，北京市启动了电动车消防安全专项整治行动。launch为动词，表示“发起、启动”，在句中作谓语，与主语“a special rectification campaign”之间为被动关系，表示“一项行动被发起”，且用单数形式；根据时间状语“On March 1st, 2026”可知，该句为一般过去时。故填was launched。 57．考查动词时态。句意：该行动旨在解决因电动汽车不当停放和充电引发的火灾日益严重的问题。aim为动词，表示“旨在、目的是”，在句中作谓语，动词短语aim to do表示“旨在做某事”，与主语“The campaign”之间为主动关系；根据上文中的“On March 1st, 2026”可知，该行动是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故填aimed。 58．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，此类火灾在全国范围内造成了严重损失。cause为动词，表示“造成、引起”，在句中作谓语；根据“In recent years”可知，该句为现在完成时，表示从过去到现在已经完成的动作，主语为“such fires”，谓语为复数形式。故填have caused。 59．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在第一周，检查小组被派往数千个住宅区。send为动词，表示“派遣、安排去”，在句中作谓语，与主语“inspection teams”之间为被动关系，表示“检查小组被派往”，且用复数形式；根据“During the first week”和句意可知，该句表示过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故填were sent。 60．考查动词时态。句意：他们发现了许多违规行为，例如车辆堵塞紧急出口。find为动词，表示“发现”，在句中作谓语；根据上句中的“During the first week”和句意可知，该句表示过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故填found。 61．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：违法者受到警告并被给予安全操作指导。warn为动词，表示“警告”，在句中作谓语，根据第5小题可知，该句表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；根据并列动词“given”和句意可知，warn与主语“Offenders”之间为被动关系，表示“违法者被警告”，且为复数形式。故填were warned。 62．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：与此同时，新的充电设施被迅速安装以满足需求。install为动词，表示“安装”，在句中作谓语，与主语“new charging facilities”之间为被动关系，表示“新的充电设施被安装”，且为复数形式；根据第6小题和本句中“Meanwhile”可知，该句为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故填were installed。 63．考查动词时态。句意：到三月底，火灾事故数量显著下降。drop为动词，表示“下降”，在句中作谓语；根据“By the end of March”可知，该句应用过去完成时，表示截止到过去已经完成的动作。故填had dropped。 64．考查动词时态和语态。句意：官员们表示，类似活动将很快在其他城市展开。carry为动词，动词短语carry out表示“实施、执行”，在句中作谓语，与主语“similar campaigns”之间为被动关系，表示“类似活动被实施”；根据“soon”和句意可知，该句表示将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时。故填will be carried。 65．考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们相信，通过持续努力，电动车火灾将得到控制。bring为动词，动词短语bring...under control表示“控制住”，在句中作谓语，与主语“electric vehicle fires”之间为被动关系，表示“电动车火灾被控制”；根据句意可知，该句表示将来会发生的动作，故应用一般将来时。故填will be brought。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆参加了一次活动，学生们戴上VR眼镜，如临其境地体验了各种自然灾害。请你为校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程；3. 活动反响。 提示词：自然灾害体验馆（Natural Disaster Experience Hall） 注意：写作词数应为120左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday. During the activity, students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural disasters. Compared to the knowledge they had learned in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. Undoubtedly, the students had their survival skills boosted and they were deeply convinced of the importance of staying in harmony with nature. This activity turned out an enormous success and all the participants spoke highly of it. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生就学校组织的自然灾害体验馆参观活动，给校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，应首先点明活动目的，再详述活动过程，最后总结活动反响。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 基础的：basic→fundamental, primary 处理：deal with→cope with, manage, tackle 体会：feel→experience, undergo 赞扬：speak highly of→commend, applaud, compliment 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday. 拓展句：Our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday so that students could learn more about natural disasters. 【点睛】[高分句型1] They were also exposed to VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural disasters. (运用了where引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Compared to the knowledge they had learned in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. (运用了过去分词Compared作状语、which或that引导限制性定语从句并被省略、what引导主语从句) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The four mountain climbers were still breathing heavily as they looked out into the distance. The views from the top of the mountain were breathtaking. In all directions, valleys, forests and other mountains were laid out before them. They could even see the small wooden houses of the village where they had spent the night and the route they had taken to reach the top of this small but dangerous mountain. Laughing loudly, they were surprised at their courage in climbing such a steep and rocky mountain slope. Filled with an enormous sense of achievement, the four young climbers patted each other on the back. As the other three continued to enjoy the views, Jason, the leader of the group, stared at the horizon with a troubled look on his face. “What is it, Jason?” Sofia, the youngest of the group, asked. “Those dark clouds in the distance mean a heavy storm is fast on the way,” Jason replied. He remembered the villagers had warned him of the unpredictable weather conditions on top of the mountain and that a terrible storm could appear from nowhere. “But it’s so warm and sunny here. I don’t think the storm is coming this way,” Sofia said, more in hope than expectation. However, Jason feared the worst and knew only too well what would happen if the storm caught them in the open. He addressed the group in a calm but serious tone, “If the storm hits us, the temperature will fall dramatically. The rain and mist will make it difficult for us to see where we are going and we could easily get lost or fall off a cliff. The wind will take our strength, so we need to get moving fast.” The four mountain climbers packed up their facilities and immediately started back down the mountain. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, the storm was upon them sooner than expected. The wind screamed in their ears, the driving rain stung (刺痛) their eyes and the mist made it impossible for them to see clearly. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers stepped out of the shelter. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】       With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue. He gathered the group in the shelter of a large rock, where he noticed that the other three were frightened and looking to him for a way out. Pushed by responsibility and pressure of leadership, Jason, shouting against the wind, explained that the safest thing for the moment was taking shelter from the pouring rain. They had expected that the storm would pass very soon. However, as darkness settled over them, the shower swept in. How time dragged!        Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers stepped out of the shelter. Unbearably cold and hungry, they felt their way downward with great difficulty, eager for a miracle. Suddenly, something caught Jason’s eye. Was it a flash of light? There it was again…and another! In response, Jason immediately flashed his torch, exclaiming, “Over here! We are here!” His companions joined in. Rescue eventually arrived. Seeing the climbers, all the searching villagers breathed a sigh of relief and lovingly helped them return to the village. You see, weather changes but love remains 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了四名登山者在登山的时候遭遇了暴风雨，被困在了户外。多亏了领队Jason冷静应对，带领大家躲雨，最终坚持到了救援人员到来。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“随着天色渐黑，Jason觉得继续下去太危险了。”可知，第一段可描写Jason在责任和领导压力的推动下为大家寻找避雨处。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，风暴显示出停止的迹象，登山者走出了避难所。”可知，第二段可描写登山者下山时遇到了赶来的救援人员。 2.续写线索：登山者害怕——寻找避雨处——躲雨等雨停——雨停——开始下山——遇到救援人员——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注意到：notice/ observe ②预期：expect/anticipate ③看见：see/spot/catch sight of 情绪类 ①害怕：frightened /scared ②渴望：eager for /long for 【点睛】[高分句型1]  He gathered the group in the shelter of a large rock, where he noticed that the other three were frightened and looking to him for a way out. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]  Pushed by responsibility and pressure of leadership, Jason, shouting against the wind, explained that the safest thing for the moment was taking shelter from the pouring rain. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型3]  Seeing the climbers, all the searching villagers breathed a sigh of relief and lovingly helped them return to the village. (运用了现在分词作状语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $