Unit 2 Amazing numbers（单元分层自测·能力提升卷）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·提升卷（参考答案） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 11. A 12 A 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 三、语法选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. C 四、阅读（共两节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) (A)31-35 BCACC (B)36-40 BCBBB (C)41-45 BCBCC 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 46. C 47. A 48. E 49. D 50. B 五、语篇填词(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 51. (b)illion 52. (g)row 53. (e)stimates 54. (e)ncouraged 55. (d)ecisions 六、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 56. called 57. has been 58. played 59. finally 60. that 61. that 62. its 63. interesting 64. studying 65. have become 七、读写综合(本大题共10小题，共15分) 66. A 67. D 68. B 69. A 70. F 71. The project is called "Numbers in Our City." 72. They spent three months (gathering information). 73. 40% (of bus routes were underused). 74. In March 2026. 75. We can learn that numbers/data can be used to solve real-world problems and make our cities better. (Answers may vary.) 八、书面表达。(共15分) Numbers are everywhere in our lives. From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, we use numbers constantly - checking the clock, calculating expenses, and reading statistics. Last month, I used numbers in a meaningful way. Our class did a survey about how students spend their pocket money. I collected data from 50 classmates and created a pie chart. The results showed that 40% of pocket money was spent on snacks, which surprised everyone. Our teacher said my chart helped raise awareness about saving money. In my opinion, numbers are more than just symbols. They help us understand the world and make better decisions. Learning to use numbers wisely is an essential skill for everyone. 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. The world population has ________ from about 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 8 billion today. A. increased B. decreased C. included D. invented 2. The number of students in our school has nearly ________ in the past ten years. A. doubled B. dropped C. counted D. charted 3. The chart shows that the birth rate in Japan has ________ sharply over the past 30 years. A. risen B. fallen C. raised D. grown 4. About 30 ________ of the students in our class walk to school every day. A. percent B. percentage C. part D. amount 5. The ________ of India is expected to surpass that of China by the end of 2026. A. amount B. number C. population D. digit 6. We can use ________ to show how numbers change over time. A. charts B. chances C. choices D. challenges 7. The price of the house is three ________ dollars. A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of 8. Scientists are trying to ________ the exact number of stars in the universe. A. calculate B. collect C. create D. choose 9. The population of the city ________ by 10% last year. A. grew B. grows C. has grown D. is growing 10. ________ of the two countries has a larger population? A. Which B. What C. Whose D. Who 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 In 2025, Chinese scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences made an amazing discovery about Fibonacci numbers（斐波那契数列） in nature. The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, and each 11 number is the sum of the two before it: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13... This 12 appears everywhere in nature - from the spiral of shells to the 13 of petals on flowers. The scientists were studying coccolithophores (颗石藻), tiny sea organisms. 14 examining thousands of samples under a microscope, they found that the 15 of calcium plates on each coccolithophore often followed the Fibonacci sequence. "We were 16 ," said Dr Zhang, the lead researcher. "Most coccolithophores had 5, 8, or 13 plates - all Fibonacci numbers!" This discovery is 17 because it shows that Fibonacci patterns exist not only in large plants and animals but also in microscopic sea life. The team 18 over 10,000 samples from different oceans to 19 their findings. "Nature has a mathematical language," Dr Zhang explained. "We are just beginning to 20 it." 11. A. following B. followed C. follow D. follows 12. A. pattern B. problem C. program D. plan 13. A. size B. color C. number D. shape 14. A. Before B. After C. Until D. Although 15. A. amount B. total C. number D. figure 16. A. amazing B. surprised C. tired D. worried 17. A. important B. boring C. simple D. dangerous 18. A. collected B. studied C. ignored D. destroyed 19. A. change B. doubt C. prove D. copy 20. A. forget B. understand C. copy D. avoid 三、语法选择 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Chess is one of the oldest and most popular games in the world. It 21 by millions of people across the globe. The game 22 in India over 1,500 years ago and has changed greatly since then. What makes chess so special? One reason is that it 23 a deep connection with mathematics. A chessboard has 64 squares, and the number of possible games is 24 than the number of atoms in the universe! This is why chess is often 25 as a mathematical puzzle. In chess, each piece moves in a different 26 . The knight (马), for example, always moves in an "L" shape. This creates interesting patterns on the board. Scientists 27 that studying these patterns can help develop logical thinking. Today, computers play chess better 28 most humans. In 2024, the best chess AI won 29 every game against top human players. However, many people still prefer 30 chess the traditional way - face to face with a friend. 21. A. plays B. is played C. played D. was played 22. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 23. A. has B. had C. is having D. have 24. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 25. A. described B. describing C. describes D. to describe 26. A. way B. road C. street D. path 27. A. believe B. believed C. are believing D. believes 28. A. as B. than C. to D. from 29. A. near B. nearly C. nearer D. nearest 30. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 四、阅读（共两节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Rank Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (/1000) Median Age 1 India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 3 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 4 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 5 Pakistan 240 million +1.88% 27.7 22.0 6 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 7 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 31. Which two countries have a population over 1 billion? A. China and USA B. India and China C. India and Nigeria D. China and Indonesia 32. Which country has the highest growth rate? A. India B. Pakistan C. Nigeria D. Indonesia 33. What is the median age of Pakistan? A. 22.0 B. 28.7 C. 30.2 D. 34.3 34. Which country ranks fifth in population? A. USA B. Indonesia C. Pakistan D. Nigeria 35. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All seven countries have a positive growth rate. B. China has the lowest birth rate. C. Nigeria has the youngest population. D. Brazil has a larger population than Indonesia. B The numbers we use every day - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - are called Arabic numerals. However, they were not invented by Arabs. They were first created in India over 1,500 years ago. In ancient India, mathematicians developed a number system that used only ten symbols. The most important invention was zero. Before zero was invented, people had great difficulty doing complex calculations. The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero in the 7th century. From India, the number system spread to the Arab world. Arab mathematicians, especially Al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century, improved the system and wrote books about it. Al-Khwarizmi's work introduced these numbers to a much wider audience. The word "algorithm" actually comes from his name. In the 12th century, an Italian mathematician named Fibonacci traveled to North Africa and learned about the Hindu-Arabic number system. He was amazed by how easy it was to use compared to Roman numerals. When he returned to Italy, he wrote a book called Liber Abaci (The Book of Calculation) in 1202. This book introduced the number system to Europe. At first, many Europeans were suspicious of the new numbers. Some cities even banned them because they feared that the digits could be used for secret codes. However, merchants quickly realized how much easier the new system made trade and accounting. By the 15th century, Arabic numerals had replaced Roman numerals in most of Europe. Today, the Hindu-Arabic number system is used all over the world. It is considered one of humanity's greatest inventions - a simple yet powerful tool that changed the way we calculate, trade, and understand the universe. 36. Where were Arabic numerals first invented? A. In Arabia. B. In India. C. In Italy. D. In North Africa. 37. Who was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero? A. Al-Khwarizmi. B. Fibonacci. C. Brahmagupta. D. An Italian merchant. 38. How did the number system reach Europe? A. Arab traders brought it directly. B. Fibonacci learned it in North Africa and introduced it. C. Italian merchants discovered it in India. D. Al-Khwarizmi traveled to Europe. 39. Why did some European cities ban the new numbers at first? A. They were too difficult. B. They feared secret codes. C. They preferred Roman numerals. D. The numbers were not accurate. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fibonacci was the greatest mathematician. B. The Hindu-Arabic number system spread from India to the world. C. Roman numerals are better. D. Zero was invented by Arabs. C In April 2026, the United Nations officially announced that India had surpassed China to become the world's most populous country. India's population reached approximately 1.44 billion, while China's fell to about 1.413 billion. India's population growth has been driven by several factors. First, India has a much higher birth rate than China. While China's fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, India's remains at about 2.03 - close to the replacement level of 2.1. Second, India has a much younger population. The median age in India is 28.7, compared to 39.5 in China. This means there are more women of childbearing age in India. However, being the most populous country brings both opportunities and challenges. On the positive side, India has a large and young workforce, which can drive economic growth. Many international companies are moving their factories to India to take advantage of the abundant labour supply. India's GDP growth rate reached 6.5% in 2026, making it one of the fastest-growing major economies. On the other hand, India faces serious challenges. With 1.44 billion people, providing enough food, clean water, education, and healthcare is extremely difficult. Over 200 million Indians still live below the poverty line. Air pollution in major cities like New Delhi remains among the worst in the world. Traffic congestion, housing shortages, and unemployment are also major concerns. The Indian government has launched several programs to address these issues, including the "Smart Cities Mission" to improve urban infrastructure and the "National Education Policy 2020" to reform education. However, progress has been slow, and many experts believe that India needs to invest much more in public services to truly benefit from its demographic advantage. As India's population continues to grow, the world will be watching to see whether it can turn its greatest challenge into its greatest opportunity. 41. When did the UN announce that India became the most populous country? A. In March 2025. B. In April 2026. C. In January 2027. D. In June 2026. 42. What is India's fertility rate according to the passage? A. About 1.03. B. About 1.65. C. About 2.03. D. About 2.41. 43. What is one advantage of India's large population? A. More old people. B. A large young workforce driving economic growth. C. More food production. D. Best healthcare. 44. How many Indians still live below the poverty line? A. About 100 million. B. About 150 million. C. About 200 million. D. About 300 million. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. India's population will decrease soon. B. India is certain to solve all problems. C. Whether India can benefit from its population remains to be seen. D. India should reduce its population immediately. 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Many people think mathematics is just about numbers and formulas, but it is actually much more than that. 46 Mathematics helps us think logically and solve problems in creative ways. First, mathematics is the language of science. 47 Without mathematics, we could not build bridges, launch satellites, or develop computer programs. Second, mathematics teaches us to think clearly. When you solve a math problem, you learn to break a big problem into smaller steps. 48 This skill is useful not only in math class but also in daily life. Third, mathematics is connected to art and beauty. 49 The golden ratio (黄金比例), for example, appears in famous paintings, architecture, and even in the human body. 50 Whether you become a scientist, an artist, or a business person, mathematical thinking will always be valuable. Learning mathematics is learning to think better. A. It is the foundation of almost every scientific discovery. B. That is why many great thinkers have called mathematics the queen of sciences. C. It is a way of thinking that can be applied to many areas of life. D. Many beautiful patterns in nature follow mathematical rules. E. You learn to check each step carefully before moving on. F. Mathematics is the most difficult subject in school. 五、语篇填词 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Every year on July 11, the world celebrates World Population Day. In 2026, the world population reached about 8.3 b 51 , a number that continues to g 52 every second. The United Nations e 53 that the population will reach about 9.7 billion by 2050. This year's theme was "Investing in Data for a Better Future." The UN e 54 countries to collect accurate population data to make better d 55 . "Good data helps us understand where resources are needed most," said a UN official. The official also pointed out that population data can help governments plan for schools, hospitals, and housing. Many countries are now working together to share their data and learn from each other's experiences. This cooperation is especially important for developing countries that need to prepare for rapid population growth. 六、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chess is often 56 (call) the "game of kings." It 57 (be) popular for over 1,500 years. The game was first 58 (play) in India, and from there it spread to Persia, the Arab world, and 59 (final) to Europe. What makes chess so fascinating? One reason is 60 it connects to mathematics in surprising ways. A chessboard has 64 squares - 8 rows and 8 columns. The number of possible chess games is so large 61 it exceeds the number of atoms in the observable universe! Each chess piece has 62 (it) own way of moving. The knight always moves in an "L" shape, which creates 63 (interest) mathematical patterns. Scientists believe that 64 (study) these patterns can help develop logical thinking. In recent years, computers 65 (become) much stronger at chess than humans. However, many people still enjoy playing chess for fun and for the mathematical beauty it offers. 七、读写综合。(共15分) （A）信息匹配。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个统计工具，请根据每位同学的需求选择最适合他们的工具。 66. Li Wei wants to create a bar chart to compare the populations of different countries for his geography project. 67. Zhang Yan is interested in how the birth rate in China has changed over the past 20 years. She wants to see a line graph showing the trend. 68. Chen Ming needs to calculate the average score of his class. He wants a simple tool that can add up numbers and find the mean quickly. 69. Wang Fang wants to show what percentage of the world's population lives in Asia. She needs to make a pie chart. 70. Liu Tao is studying how the population of Nigeria has increased. He wants to find out the growth rate and predict future population. A. Spreadsheet Software (e.g., Excel) - Organizes data in rows and columns, performs calculations, and creates basic charts like bar graphs and pie charts. B. Graphing Calculator - A handheld device that can quickly calculate averages, standard deviations, and other statistical values. C. Statistical Analysis Software (e.g., SPSS) - Designed for advanced statistical analysis. It can process large datasets and create detailed reports. D. Data Visualization Tool (e.g., Tableau) - Creates interactive charts, maps, and dashboards. Great for presenting data in a visually appealing way. E. Online Survey Platform (e.g., Google Forms) - Collects data through questionnaires and automatically generates simple charts from responses. F. Population Simulation Software - Uses mathematical models to predict future population trends based on current data like birth rates and death rates. (B)回答问题。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 In 2026, a group of students at Beijing No. 8 Middle School started a project called "Numbers in Our City." They wanted to use mathematics and data to understand their city better. The team, led by 14-year-old Sun Hao, collected data about traffic, population, air quality, and public transportation. They spent three months gathering information from government websites, conducting surveys, and interviewing local residents. One of their most interesting findings was about bus routes. They discovered that 40% of bus routes in the city were underused, while some popular routes were overcrowded. Using their data, they suggested a new bus schedule that could reduce waiting time by 15%. The project caught the attention of the city government. In March 2026, the transportation department invited the students to present their findings. "We were nervous but excited," said Sun Hao. "The officials were impressed by our data analysis." The students' work shows that numbers are not just abstract concepts in textbooks. They can be used to solve real-world problems and make our cities better places to live. As Sun Hao said, "Data speaks louder than words." 71. What is the name of the project started by the students? 72. How long did the students spend gathering information? 73. What percentage of bus routes were underused? 74. When did the transportation department invite the students to present their findings? 75. What can we learn from the students' project? 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们生活中无处不在。假如你是中学生李华，你校英语社团正在举办"数字与生活"主题征文比赛，请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文参赛。 写作要点：1. 数字在日常生活中很重要；2. 你用数字做的一件有意义的事；3. 你对数字的看法。 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. The world population has ________ from about 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 8 billion today. A. increased B. decreased C. included D. invented 2. The number of students in our school has nearly ________ in the past ten years. A. doubled B. dropped C. counted D. charted 3. The chart shows that the birth rate in Japan has ________ sharply over the past 30 years. A. risen B. fallen C. raised D. grown 4. About 30 ________ of the students in our class walk to school every day. A. percent B. percentage C. part D. amount 5. The ________ of India is expected to surpass that of China by the end of 2026. A. amount B. number C. population D. digit 6. We can use ________ to show how numbers change over time. A. charts B. chances C. choices D. challenges 7. The price of the house is three ________ dollars. A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of 8. Scientists are trying to ________ the exact number of stars in the universe. A. calculate B. collect C. create D. choose 9. The population of the city ________ by 10% last year. A. grew B. grows C. has grown D. is growing 10. ________ of the two countries has a larger population? A. Which B. What C. Whose D. Who 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 In 2025, Chinese scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences made an amazing discovery about Fibonacci numbers（斐波那契数列） in nature. The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, and each 11 number is the sum of the two before it: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13... This 12 appears everywhere in nature - from the spiral of shells to the 13 of petals on flowers. The scientists were studying coccolithophores (颗石藻), tiny sea organisms. 14 examining thousands of samples under a microscope, they found that the 15 of calcium plates on each coccolithophore often followed the Fibonacci sequence. "We were 16 ," said Dr Zhang, the lead researcher. "Most coccolithophores had 5, 8, or 13 plates - all Fibonacci numbers!" This discovery is 17 because it shows that Fibonacci patterns exist not only in large plants and animals but also in microscopic sea life. The team 18 over 10,000 samples from different oceans to 19 their findings. "Nature has a mathematical language," Dr Zhang explained. "We are just beginning to 20 it." 11. A. following B. followed C. follow D. follows 12. A. pattern B. problem C. program D. plan 13. A. size B. color C. number D. shape 14. A. Before B. After C. Until D. Although 15. A. amount B. total C. number D. figure 16. A. amazing B. surprised C. tired D. worried 17. A. important B. boring C. simple D. dangerous 18. A. collected B. studied C. ignored D. destroyed 19. A. change B. doubt C. prove D. copy 20. A. forget B. understand C. copy D. avoid 三、语法选择 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Chess is one of the oldest and most popular games in the world. It 21 by millions of people across the globe. The game 22 in India over 1,500 years ago and has changed greatly since then. What makes chess so special? One reason is that it 23 a deep connection with mathematics. A chessboard has 64 squares, and the number of possible games is 24 than the number of atoms in the universe! This is why chess is often 25 as a mathematical puzzle. In chess, each piece moves in a different 26 . The knight (马), for example, always moves in an "L" shape. This creates interesting patterns on the board. Scientists 27 that studying these patterns can help develop logical thinking. Today, computers play chess better 28 most humans. In 2024, the best chess AI won 29 every game against top human players. However, many people still prefer 30 chess the traditional way - face to face with a friend. 21. A. plays B. is played C. played D. was played 22. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 23. A. has B. had C. is having D. have 24. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 25. A. described B. describing C. describes D. to describe 26. A. way B. road C. street D. path 27. A. believe B. believed C. are believing D. believes 28. A. as B. than C. to D. from 29. A. near B. nearly C. nearer D. nearest 30. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 四、阅读（共两节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Rank Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (/1000) Median Age 1 India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 3 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 4 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 5 Pakistan 240 million +1.88% 27.7 22.0 6 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 7 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 31. Which two countries have a population over 1 billion? A. China and USA B. India and China C. India and Nigeria D. China and Indonesia 32. Which country has the highest growth rate? A. India B. Pakistan C. Nigeria D. Indonesia 33. What is the median age of Pakistan? A. 22.0 B. 28.7 C. 30.2 D. 34.3 34. Which country ranks fifth in population? A. USA B. Indonesia C. Pakistan D. Nigeria 35. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All seven countries have a positive growth rate. B. China has the lowest birth rate. C. Nigeria has the youngest population. D. Brazil has a larger population than Indonesia. B The numbers we use every day - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - are called Arabic numerals. However, they were not invented by Arabs. They were first created in India over 1,500 years ago. In ancient India, mathematicians developed a number system that used only ten symbols. The most important invention was zero. Before zero was invented, people had great difficulty doing complex calculations. The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero in the 7th century. From India, the number system spread to the Arab world. Arab mathematicians, especially Al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century, improved the system and wrote books about it. Al-Khwarizmi's work introduced these numbers to a much wider audience. The word "algorithm" actually comes from his name. In the 12th century, an Italian mathematician named Fibonacci traveled to North Africa and learned about the Hindu-Arabic number system. He was amazed by how easy it was to use compared to Roman numerals. When he returned to Italy, he wrote a book called Liber Abaci (The Book of Calculation) in 1202. This book introduced the number system to Europe. At first, many Europeans were suspicious of the new numbers. Some cities even banned them because they feared that the digits could be used for secret codes. However, merchants quickly realized how much easier the new system made trade and accounting. By the 15th century, Arabic numerals had replaced Roman numerals in most of Europe. Today, the Hindu-Arabic number system is used all over the world. It is considered one of humanity's greatest inventions - a simple yet powerful tool that changed the way we calculate, trade, and understand the universe. 36. Where were Arabic numerals first invented? A. In Arabia. B. In India. C. In Italy. D. In North Africa. 37. Who was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero? A. Al-Khwarizmi. B. Fibonacci. C. Brahmagupta. D. An Italian merchant. 38. How did the number system reach Europe? A. Arab traders brought it directly. B. Fibonacci learned it in North Africa and introduced it. C. Italian merchants discovered it in India. D. Al-Khwarizmi traveled to Europe. 39. Why did some European cities ban the new numbers at first? A. They were too difficult. B. They feared secret codes. C. They preferred Roman numerals. D. The numbers were not accurate. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fibonacci was the greatest mathematician. B. The Hindu-Arabic number system spread from India to the world. C. Roman numerals are better. D. Zero was invented by Arabs. C In April 2026, the United Nations officially announced that India had surpassed China to become the world's most populous country. India's population reached approximately 1.44 billion, while China's fell to about 1.413 billion. India's population growth has been driven by several factors. First, India has a much higher birth rate than China. While China's fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, India's remains at about 2.03 - close to the replacement level of 2.1. Second, India has a much younger population. The median age in India is 28.7, compared to 39.5 in China. This means there are more women of childbearing age in India. However, being the most populous country brings both opportunities and challenges. On the positive side, India has a large and young workforce, which can drive economic growth. Many international companies are moving their factories to India to take advantage of the abundant labour supply. India's GDP growth rate reached 6.5% in 2026, making it one of the fastest-growing major economies. On the other hand, India faces serious challenges. With 1.44 billion people, providing enough food, clean water, education, and healthcare is extremely difficult. Over 200 million Indians still live below the poverty line. Air pollution in major cities like New Delhi remains among the worst in the world. Traffic congestion, housing shortages, and unemployment are also major concerns. The Indian government has launched several programs to address these issues, including the "Smart Cities Mission" to improve urban infrastructure and the "National Education Policy 2020" to reform education. However, progress has been slow, and many experts believe that India needs to invest much more in public services to truly benefit from its demographic advantage. As India's population continues to grow, the world will be watching to see whether it can turn its greatest challenge into its greatest opportunity. 41. When did the UN announce that India became the most populous country? A. In March 2025. B. In April 2026. C. In January 2027. D. In June 2026. 42. What is India's fertility rate according to the passage? A. About 1.03. B. About 1.65. C. About 2.03. D. About 2.41. 43. What is one advantage of India's large population? A. More old people. B. A large young workforce driving economic growth. C. More food production. D. Best healthcare. 44. How many Indians still live below the poverty line? A. About 100 million. B. About 150 million. C. About 200 million. D. About 300 million. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. India's population will decrease soon. B. India is certain to solve all problems. C. Whether India can benefit from its population remains to be seen. D. India should reduce its population immediately. 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Many people think mathematics is just about numbers and formulas, but it is actually much more than that. 46 Mathematics helps us think logically and solve problems in creative ways. First, mathematics is the language of science. 47 Without mathematics, we could not build bridges, launch satellites, or develop computer programs. Second, mathematics teaches us to think clearly. When you solve a math problem, you learn to break a big problem into smaller steps. 48 This skill is useful not only in math class but also in daily life. Third, mathematics is connected to art and beauty. 49 The golden ratio (黄金比例), for example, appears in famous paintings, architecture, and even in the human body. 50 Whether you become a scientist, an artist, or a business person, mathematical thinking will always be valuable. Learning mathematics is learning to think better. A. It is the foundation of almost every scientific discovery. B. That is why many great thinkers have called mathematics the queen of sciences. C. It is a way of thinking that can be applied to many areas of life. D. Many beautiful patterns in nature follow mathematical rules. E. You learn to check each step carefully before moving on. F. Mathematics is the most difficult subject in school. 五、语篇填词 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Every year on July 11, the world celebrates World Population Day. In 2026, the world population reached about 8.3 b 51 , a number that continues to g 52 every second. The United Nations e 53 that the population will reach about 9.7 billion by 2050. This year's theme was "Investing in Data for a Better Future." The UN e 54 countries to collect accurate population data to make better d 55 . "Good data helps us understand where resources are needed most," said a UN official. The official also pointed out that population data can help governments plan for schools, hospitals, and housing. Many countries are now working together to share their data and learn from each other's experiences. This cooperation is especially important for developing countries that need to prepare for rapid population growth. 六、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chess is often 56 (call) the "game of kings." It 57 (be) popular for over 1,500 years. The game was first 58 (play) in India, and from there it spread to Persia, the Arab world, and 59 (final) to Europe. What makes chess so fascinating? One reason is 60 it connects to mathematics in surprising ways. A chessboard has 64 squares - 8 rows and 8 columns. The number of possible chess games is so large 61 it exceeds the number of atoms in the observable universe! Each chess piece has 62 (it) own way of moving. The knight always moves in an "L" shape, which creates 63 (interest) mathematical patterns. Scientists believe that 64 (study) these patterns can help develop logical thinking. In recent years, computers 65 (become) much stronger at chess than humans. However, many people still enjoy playing chess for fun and for the mathematical beauty it offers. 七、读写综合。(共15分) （A）信息匹配。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个统计工具，请根据每位同学的需求选择最适合他们的工具。 66. Li Wei wants to create a bar chart to compare the populations of different countries for his geography project. 67. Zhang Yan is interested in how the birth rate in China has changed over the past 20 years. She wants to see a line graph showing the trend. 68. Chen Ming needs to calculate the average score of his class. He wants a simple tool that can add up numbers and find the mean quickly. 69. Wang Fang wants to show what percentage of the world's population lives in Asia. She needs to make a pie chart. 70. Liu Tao is studying how the population of Nigeria has increased. He wants to find out the growth rate and predict future population. A. Spreadsheet Software (e.g., Excel) - Organizes data in rows and columns, performs calculations, and creates basic charts like bar graphs and pie charts. B. Graphing Calculator - A handheld device that can quickly calculate averages, standard deviations, and other statistical values. C. Statistical Analysis Software (e.g., SPSS) - Designed for advanced statistical analysis. It can process large datasets and create detailed reports. D. Data Visualization Tool (e.g., Tableau) - Creates interactive charts, maps, and dashboards. Great for presenting data in a visually appealing way. E. Online Survey Platform (e.g., Google Forms) - Collects data through questionnaires and automatically generates simple charts from responses. F. Population Simulation Software - Uses mathematical models to predict future population trends based on current data like birth rates and death rates. (B)回答问题。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 In 2026, a group of students at Beijing No. 8 Middle School started a project called "Numbers in Our City." They wanted to use mathematics and data to understand their city better. The team, led by 14-year-old Sun Hao, collected data about traffic, population, air quality, and public transportation. They spent three months gathering information from government websites, conducting surveys, and interviewing local residents. One of their most interesting findings was about bus routes. They discovered that 40% of bus routes in the city were underused, while some popular routes were overcrowded. Using their data, they suggested a new bus schedule that could reduce waiting time by 15%. The project caught the attention of the city government. In March 2026, the transportation department invited the students to present their findings. "We were nervous but excited," said Sun Hao. "The officials were impressed by our data analysis." The students' work shows that numbers are not just abstract concepts in textbooks. They can be used to solve real-world problems and make our cities better places to live. As Sun Hao said, "Data speaks louder than words." 71. What is the name of the project started by the students? 72. How long did the students spend gathering information? 73. What percentage of bus routes were underused? 74. When did the transportation department invite the students to present their findings? 75. What can we learn from the students' project? 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们生活中无处不在。假如你是中学生李华，你校英语社团正在举办"数字与生活"主题征文比赛，请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文参赛。 写作要点：1. 数字在日常生活中很重要；2. 你用数字做的一件有意义的事；3. 你对数字的看法。 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. The world population has ________ from about 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 8 billion today. A. increased B. decreased C. included D. invented 【答案】A 【解析】句意：世界人口从16亿增长到超过80亿。increased增长。故选A。 2. The number of students in our school has nearly ________ in the past ten years. A. doubled B. dropped C. counted D. charted 【答案】A 【解析】句意：学生人数几乎翻了一番。doubled翻倍。故选A。 3. The chart shows that the birth rate in Japan has ________ sharply over the past 30 years. A. risen B. fallen C. raised D. grown 【答案】B 【解析】句意：日本出生率急剧下降。fallen下降。故选B。 4. About 30 ________ of the students in our class walk to school every day. A. percent B. percentage C. part D. amount 【答案】A 【解析】句意：大约百分之三十的学生步行上学。30 percent百分之三十，固定表达。故选A。 5. The ________ of India is expected to surpass that of China by the end of 2026. A. amount B. number C. population D. digit 【答案】C 【解析】句意：印度人口预计将超过中国。population人口。故选C。 6. We can use ________ to show how numbers change over time. A. charts B. chances C. choices D. challenges 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们可以用图表来展示数字的变化。charts图表。故选A。 7. The price of the house is three ________ dollars. A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：价格是三百万美元。three million三百万，确切数字不用复数。故选A。 8. Scientists are trying to ________ the exact number of stars in the universe. A. calculate B. collect C. create D. choose 【答案】A 【解析】句意：科学家正试图计算恒星的确切数量。calculate计算。故选A。 9. The population of the city ________ by 10% last year. A. grew B. grows C. has grown D. is growing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：去年城市人口增长了10%。last year用一般过去时grew。故选A。 10. ________ of the two countries has a larger population? A. Which B. What C. Whose D. Who 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这两个国家哪个有更多人口？Which在有限范围内选择。故选A。 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 In 2025, Chinese scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences made an amazing discovery about Fibonacci numbers（斐波那契数列） in nature. The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, and each 11 number is the sum of the two before it: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13... This 12 appears everywhere in nature - from the spiral of shells to the 13 of petals on flowers. The scientists were studying coccolithophores (颗石藻), tiny sea organisms. 14 examining thousands of samples under a microscope, they found that the 15 of calcium plates on each coccolithophore often followed the Fibonacci sequence. "We were 16 ," said Dr Zhang, the lead researcher. "Most coccolithophores had 5, 8, or 13 plates - all Fibonacci numbers!" This discovery is 17 because it shows that Fibonacci patterns exist not only in large plants and animals but also in microscopic sea life. The team 18 over 10,000 samples from different oceans to 19 their findings. "Nature has a mathematical language," Dr Zhang explained. "We are just beginning to 20 it." 11. A. following B. followed C. follow D. follows 12. A. pattern B. problem C. program D. plan 13. A. size B. color C. number D. shape 14. A. Before B. After C. Until D. Although 15. A. amount B. total C. number D. figure 16. A. amazing B. surprised C. tired D. worried 17. A. important B. boring C. simple D. dangerous 18. A. collected B. studied C. ignored D. destroyed 19. A. change B. doubt C. prove D. copy 20. A. forget B. understand C. copy D. avoid 【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. A 19 C 20. B 【导语】本文介绍了2025年中国科学院科学家关于斐波那契数列在颗石藻中的新发现。 11. 句意：每个接下来的数字是前两个数字之和。following接下来的。故选A。 12. 句意：这个模式在自然界中随处可见。pattern模式/规律。故选A。 13. 句意：花瓣的数量。number数量。故选C。 14. 句意：在检查了数千个样本之后。用After。故选B。 15. 句意：钙板的数量。可数名词用number。故选C。 16. 句意：我们很惊讶。amazing令人惊奇的；surprised惊讶的；tired疲倦的；worried担心的。故选B。 17. 句意：这个发现很重要。important重要的。故选A。 18. 句意：团队收集了超过10000个样本。collected收集；studied研究；ignored忽视；destroyed破坏。故选A。 19. 句意：来证明他们的发现。change改变；doubt怀疑；prove证明；copy复制。故选C。 20. 句意：我们才刚刚开始理解它。understand理解。故选B。 三、语法选择 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Chess is one of the oldest and most popular games in the world. It 21 by millions of people across the globe. The game 22 in India over 1,500 years ago and has changed greatly since then. What makes chess so special? One reason is that it 23 a deep connection with mathematics. A chessboard has 64 squares, and the number of possible games is 24 than the number of atoms in the universe! This is why chess is often 25 as a mathematical puzzle. In chess, each piece moves in a different 26 . The knight (马), for example, always moves in an "L" shape. This creates interesting patterns on the board. Scientists 27 that studying these patterns can help develop logical thinking. Today, computers play chess better 28 most humans. In 2024, the best chess AI won 29 every game against top human players. However, many people still prefer 30 chess the traditional way - face to face with a friend. 21. A. plays B. is played C. played D. was played 22. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 23. A. has B. had C. is having D. have 24. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 25. A. described B. describing C. describes D. to describe 26. A. way B. road C. street D. path 27. A. believe B. believed C. are believing D. believes 28. A. as B. than C. to D. from 29. A. near B. nearly C. nearer D. nearest 30. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. C 【导语】本文介绍了国际象棋的历史及其与数学的深刻联系。 21. 句意：它被全球数百万人所下。一般现在时被动is played。故选B。 22. 句意：1500多年前在印度被发明。一般过去时被动was invented。故选D。 23. 句意：它与数学有深刻联系。第三人称单数has。故选A。 24. 句意：比宇宙原子数还大。根据than用比较级larger。故选B。 25. 句意：被描述为数学谜题。be described as固定搭配。故选A。 26. 句意：以不同方式移动。in a different way。故选A。 27. 句意：科学家们相信。主语复数用believe。故选A。 28. 句意：比大多数人类更好。better than固定搭配。故选B。 29. 句意：几乎赢了每一场。副词nearly。故选B。 30. 句意：更喜欢以传统方式下棋。prefer to do sth.。故选C。 四、阅读（共两节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Rank Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (/1000) Median Age 1 India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 3 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 4 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 5 Pakistan 240 million +1.88% 27.7 22.0 6 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 7 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 31. Which two countries have a population over 1 billion? A. China and USA B. India and China C. India and Nigeria D. China and Indonesia 32. Which country has the highest growth rate? A. India B. Pakistan C. Nigeria D. Indonesia 33. What is the median age of Pakistan? A. 22.0 B. 28.7 C. 30.2 D. 34.3 34. Which country ranks fifth in population? A. USA B. Indonesia C. Pakistan D. Nigeria 35. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All seven countries have a positive growth rate. B. China has the lowest birth rate. C. Nigeria has the youngest population. D. Brazil has a larger population than Indonesia. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. C 【导语】本文通过一张表格展示了2026年世界人口大国排名数据。 31. 细节理解题。India和China都超过10亿。故选B。 32. 细节理解题。Nigeria增长率为+2.41%，最高。故选C。 33. 细节理解题。Pakistan的Median Age为22.0。故选A。 34. 细节理解题。第5名是Pakistan。故选C。 35. 细节理解题。Nigeria年龄中位数18.4最低，人口最年轻。故选C。 B The numbers we use every day - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - are called Arabic numerals. However, they were not invented by Arabs. They were first created in India over 1,500 years ago. In ancient India, mathematicians developed a number system that used only ten symbols. The most important invention was zero. Before zero was invented, people had great difficulty doing complex calculations. The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero in the 7th century. From India, the number system spread to the Arab world. Arab mathematicians, especially Al-Khwarizmi in the 9th century, improved the system and wrote books about it. Al-Khwarizmi's work introduced these numbers to a much wider audience. The word "algorithm" actually comes from his name. In the 12th century, an Italian mathematician named Fibonacci traveled to North Africa and learned about the Hindu-Arabic number system. He was amazed by how easy it was to use compared to Roman numerals. When he returned to Italy, he wrote a book called Liber Abaci (The Book of Calculation) in 1202. This book introduced the number system to Europe. At first, many Europeans were suspicious of the new numbers. Some cities even banned them because they feared that the digits could be used for secret codes. However, merchants quickly realized how much easier the new system made trade and accounting. By the 15th century, Arabic numerals had replaced Roman numerals in most of Europe. Today, the Hindu-Arabic number system is used all over the world. It is considered one of humanity's greatest inventions - a simple yet powerful tool that changed the way we calculate, trade, and understand the universe. 36. Where were Arabic numerals first invented? A. In Arabia. B. In India. C. In Italy. D. In North Africa. 37. Who was one of the first to explain the rules for using zero? A. Al-Khwarizmi. B. Fibonacci. C. Brahmagupta. D. An Italian merchant. 38. How did the number system reach Europe? A. Arab traders brought it directly. B. Fibonacci learned it in North Africa and introduced it. C. Italian merchants discovered it in India. D. Al-Khwarizmi traveled to Europe. 39. Why did some European cities ban the new numbers at first? A. They were too difficult. B. They feared secret codes. C. They preferred Roman numerals. D. The numbers were not accurate. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fibonacci was the greatest mathematician. B. The Hindu-Arabic number system spread from India to the world. C. Roman numerals are better. D. Zero was invented by Arabs. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. B 【导语】本文讲述了阿拉伯数字从印度到阿拉伯再到欧洲的传播历史。 36. 细节理解题。阿拉伯数字最早在印度发明。故选B。 37. 细节理解题。Brahmagupta是最早解释零的规则的人之一。故选C。 38. 细节理解题。Fibonacci在北非学到后引入欧洲。故选B。 39. 细节理解题。一些城市担心数字被用于密码而禁止。故选B。 40. 主旨大意题。文章讲述了印度-阿拉伯数字从印度传播到全世界的历程。故选B。 C In April 2026, the United Nations officially announced that India had surpassed China to become the world's most populous country. India's population reached approximately 1.44 billion, while China's fell to about 1.413 billion. India's population growth has been driven by several factors. First, India has a much higher birth rate than China. While China's fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, India's remains at about 2.03 - close to the replacement level of 2.1. Second, India has a much younger population. The median age in India is 28.7, compared to 39.5 in China. This means there are more women of childbearing age in India. However, being the most populous country brings both opportunities and challenges. On the positive side, India has a large and young workforce, which can drive economic growth. Many international companies are moving their factories to India to take advantage of the abundant labour supply. India's GDP growth rate reached 6.5% in 2026, making it one of the fastest-growing major economies. On the other hand, India faces serious challenges. With 1.44 billion people, providing enough food, clean water, education, and healthcare is extremely difficult. Over 200 million Indians still live below the poverty line. Air pollution in major cities like New Delhi remains among the worst in the world. Traffic congestion, housing shortages, and unemployment are also major concerns. The Indian government has launched several programs to address these issues, including the "Smart Cities Mission" to improve urban infrastructure and the "National Education Policy 2020" to reform education. However, progress has been slow, and many experts believe that India needs to invest much more in public services to truly benefit from its demographic advantage. As India's population continues to grow, the world will be watching to see whether it can turn its greatest challenge into its greatest opportunity. 41. When did the UN announce that India became the most populous country? A. In March 2025. B. In April 2026. C. In January 2027. D. In June 2026. 42. What is India's fertility rate according to the passage? A. About 1.03. B. About 1.65. C. About 2.03. D. About 2.41. 43. What is one advantage of India's large population? A. More old people. B. A large young workforce driving economic growth. C. More food production. D. Best healthcare. 44. How many Indians still live below the poverty line? A. About 100 million. B. About 150 million. C. About 200 million. D. About 300 million. 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. India's population will decrease soon. B. India is certain to solve all problems. C. Whether India can benefit from its population remains to be seen. D. India should reduce its population immediately. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. C 【导语】本文讲述了2026年印度超过中国成为世界人口第一大国，分析了机遇和挑战。 41. 细节理解题。2026年4月联合国宣布印度成为人口最多的国家。故选B。 42. 细节理解题。India的生育率约为2.03。故选C。 43. 细节理解题。India有大量年轻劳动力，可以推动经济增长。故选B。 44. 细节理解题。超过2亿印度人仍生活在贫困线以下。故选C。 45. 推理判断题。世界正观望印度能否将挑战转化为机遇。故选C。 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Many people think mathematics is just about numbers and formulas, but it is actually much more than that. 46 Mathematics helps us think logically and solve problems in creative ways. First, mathematics is the language of science. 47 Without mathematics, we could not build bridges, launch satellites, or develop computer programs. Second, mathematics teaches us to think clearly. When you solve a math problem, you learn to break a big problem into smaller steps. 48 This skill is useful not only in math class but also in daily life. Third, mathematics is connected to art and beauty. 49 The golden ratio (黄金比例), for example, appears in famous paintings, architecture, and even in the human body. 50 Whether you become a scientist, an artist, or a business person, mathematical thinking will always be valuable. Learning mathematics is learning to think better. A. It is the foundation of almost every scientific discovery. B. That is why many great thinkers have called mathematics the queen of sciences. C. It is a way of thinking that can be applied to many areas of life. D. Many beautiful patterns in nature follow mathematical rules. E. You learn to check each step carefully before moving on. F. Mathematics is the most difficult subject in school. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. E 49. D 50. B 【导语】本文介绍了数学不仅仅是数字和公式，它是一种思维方式，与科学、逻辑和艺术都密切相关。 46. 根据前文和后文，此处填C选项，总结数学是一种思维方式。故选C。 47. 根据前文数学是科学的语言，此处填A选项，数学是科学发现的基础。故选A。 48. 根据前文分解成小步骤，此处填E选项，学会仔细检查每一步。故选E。 49. 根据前文数学与艺术和美有关，此处填D选项，自然界中美丽的模式遵循数学规则。故选D。 50. 根据后文数学思维总是有价值的，此处填B选项，这就是为什么称数学为科学女王。故选B。 五、语篇填词 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Every year on July 11, the world celebrates World Population Day. In 2026, the world population reached about 8.3 b 51 , a number that continues to g 52 every second. The United Nations e 53 that the population will reach about 9.7 billion by 2050. This year's theme was "Investing in Data for a Better Future." The UN e 54 countries to collect accurate population data to make better d 55 . "Good data helps us understand where resources are needed most," said a UN official. The official also pointed out that population data can help governments plan for schools, hospitals, and housing. Many countries are now working together to share their data and learn from each other's experiences. This cooperation is especially important for developing countries that need to prepare for rapid population growth. 【答案】51. (b)illion 52. (g)row 53. (e)stimates 54. (e)ncouraged 55. (d)ecisions 51. 句意：世界人口达到了约83亿。billion十亿。故填billion。 52. 句意：每秒都在继续增长。grow增长。故填grow。 53. 句意：联合国估计到2050年将达到97亿。estimates估计。故填estimates。 54. 句意：联合国鼓励各国收集准确数据。encouraged鼓励。故填encouraged。 55. 句意：做出更好的决定。make decisions做决定。故填decisions。 六、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chess is often 56 (call) the "game of kings." It 57 (be) popular for over 1,500 years. The game was first 58 (play) in India, and from there it spread to Persia, the Arab world, and 59 (final) to Europe. What makes chess so fascinating? One reason is 60 it connects to mathematics in surprising ways. A chessboard has 64 squares - 8 rows and 8 columns. The number of possible chess games is so large 61 it exceeds the number of atoms in the observable universe! Each chess piece has 62 (it) own way of moving. The knight always moves in an "L" shape, which creates 63 (interest) mathematical patterns. Scientists believe that 64 (study) these patterns can help develop logical thinking. In recent years, computers 65 (become) much stronger at chess than humans. However, many people still enjoy playing chess for fun and for the mathematical beauty it offers. 【答案】56. called 57. has been 58. played 59. finally 60. that 61. that 62. its 63. interesting 64. studying 65. have become 【导语】本文介绍了国际象棋的历史及其与数学的联系，包括棋盘上的数学原理和计算机下棋的发展。 56. 句意：国际象棋常被称为王者游戏。被动关系用called。故填called。 57. 句意：它已经流行了超过1500年。for over 1,500 years用现在完成时has been。故填has been。 58. 句意：最早在印度被下。被动关系用played。故填played。 59. 句意：最终传到了欧洲。final变副词finally。故填finally。 60. 句意：一个原因是它与数学联系。One reason is that...用that。故填that。 61. 句意：如此之大以至于...... so...that...。故填that。 62. 句意：它自己的移动方式。its修饰way。故填its。 63. 句意：有趣的数学模式。interesting修饰patterns。故填interesting。 64. 句意：研究这些模式。动名词studying作主语。故填studying。 65. 句意：计算机已经变得更强。In recent years用现在完成时have become。故填have become。 七、读写综合。(共15分) （A）信息匹配。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个统计工具，请根据每位同学的需求选择最适合他们的工具。 66. Li Wei wants to create a bar chart to compare the populations of different countries for his geography project. 67. Zhang Yan is interested in how the birth rate in China has changed over the past 20 years. She wants to see a line graph showing the trend. 68. Chen Ming needs to calculate the average score of his class. He wants a simple tool that can add up numbers and find the mean quickly. 69. Wang Fang wants to show what percentage of the world's population lives in Asia. She needs to make a pie chart. 70. Tao is studying how the population of Nigeria has increased. He wants to find out the growth rate and predict future population. A. Spreadsheet Software (e.g., Excel) - Organizes data in rows and columns, performs calculations, and creates basic charts like bar graphs and pie charts. B. Graphing Calculator - A handheld device that can quickly calculate averages, standard deviations, and other statistical values. C. Statistical Analysis Software (e.g., SPSS) - Designed for advanced statistical analysis. It can process large datasets and create detailed reports. D. Data Visualization Tool (e.g., Tableau) - Creates interactive charts, maps, and dashboards. Great for presenting data in a visually appealing way. E. Online Survey Platform (e.g., Google Forms) - Collects data through questionnaires and automatically generates simple charts from responses. F. Population Simulation Software - Uses mathematical models to predict future population trends based on current data like birth rates and death rates. 【答案】66. A 67. D 68. B 69. A 70. F 【导语】本文介绍了五位同学的统计工具需求，以及六种不同的统计工具软件。 66. Li Wei想创建柱状图比较人口。A选项Spreadsheet Software可以创建柱状图。故选A。 67. Zhang Yan想看出生率变化的折线图。D选项Data Visualization Tool适合展示趋势。故选D。 68. Chen Ming需要计算平均分。B选项Graphing Calculator可以快速计算统计值。故选B。 69. Wang Fang想制作饼图。A选项Spreadsheet Software可以创建饼图。故选A。 70. Liu Tao想预测未来人口趋势。F选项Population Simulation Software预测未来人口。故选F。 (B)回答问题。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 In 2026, a group of students at Beijing No. 8 Middle School started a project called "Numbers in Our City." They wanted to use mathematics and data to understand their city better. The team, led by 14-year-old Sun Hao, collected data about traffic, population, air quality, and public transportation. They spent three months gathering information from government websites, conducting surveys, and interviewing local residents. One of their most interesting findings was about bus routes. They discovered that 40% of bus routes in the city were underused, while some popular routes were overcrowded. Using their data, they suggested a new bus schedule that could reduce waiting time by 15%. The project caught the attention of the city government. In March 2026, the transportation department invited the students to present their findings. "We were nervous but excited," said Sun Hao. "The officials were impressed by our data analysis." The students' work shows that numbers are not just abstract concepts in textbooks. They can be used to solve real-world problems and make our cities better places to live. As Sun Hao said, "Data speaks louder than words." 71. What is the name of the project started by the students? 72. How long did the students spend gathering information? 73. What percentage of bus routes were underused? 74. When did the transportation department invite the students to present their findings? 75. What can we learn from the students' project? 【答案】 71. The project is called "Numbers in Our City." 72. They spent three months (gathering information). 73. 40% (of bus routes were underused). 74. In March 2026. 75. We can learn that numbers/data can be used to solve real-world problems and make our cities better. (Answers may vary.) 【导语】本文介绍了北京八中学生们开展的城市中的数字项目，他们用数学和数据来研究城市交通并提出改善建议。 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们生活中无处不在。假如你是中学生李华，你校英语社团正在举办"数字与生活"主题征文比赛，请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文参赛。 写作要点：1. 数字在日常生活中很重要；2. 你用数字做的一件有意义的事；3. 你对数字的看法。 写作要求：1. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；2. 字迹工整，条理清晰；3. 100词左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Numbers are everywhere in our lives. From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, we use numbers constantly - checking the clock, calculating expenses, and reading statistics. Last month, I used numbers in a meaningful way. Our class did a survey about how students spend their pocket money. I collected data from 50 classmates and created a pie chart. The results showed that 40% of pocket money was spent on snacks, which surprised everyone. Our teacher said my chart helped raise awareness about saving money. In my opinion, numbers are more than just symbols. They help us understand the world and make better decisions. Learning to use numbers wisely is an essential skill for everyone. 【解析】[总体分析] 1 题材：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章； 2 时态：一般现在时和一般过去时； 3 提示：注意审题，从题目中提炼要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，审题，将题目中的内容提取出来，列提纲。 第二步，将提纲中的内容转化成短句，加入连接词使上下文连贯。 第三步，通读全文，修改错误部分并将短句转换成高级句型。 [亮点词汇] 1 constantly 不断地 2 conduct a survey 做调查 3 raise awareness 提高意识 4 essential skill 必备技能 [高分句型] 1 From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, we use numbers constantly.（from...to...结构） 2 The results showed that 40% of pocket money was spent on snacks, which surprised everyone.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 3 Learning to use numbers wisely is an essential skill for everyone.（动名词短语作主语） 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $