Unit 2 Amazing numbers （单元测试）2026-2027学年 沪教版 八年级英语上册

Unit 2 Amazing numbers （单元测试）2026-2027学年 沪教版 八年级英语上册 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1．The rest of the bread ________ on the table. Please don’t forget to put it away. A．are B．is C．were D．have 2．We are all amazed ________ the large population. A．in B．at C．on D．for 3．Tom answered the question without ________. A．wonder B．hesitation C．challenge D．promise 4．The price may go ________ next month, so don’t buy it now. A．down B．without hesitation C．instead of D．for a moment 5．I bought the dress because the ________ said it was only 80 yuan. A．price tag B．flight C．province D．system 6．It’s important for us ________ numbers correctly. A．use B．using C．to use D．used 7．________ amazing the story about numbers is! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 8．— Dad, I ________ the first prize in the math competition. — Well done! I’m proud of you. A．beat B．won C．challenged D．promised 9．When the teacher asked who broke the window, Tom stood up and answered ________. A．with hesitation B．without hesitation C．hesitate D．hesitant 10．The meeting is ________ for 9 o’clock tomorrow morning. Don’t be late. A．scheduled B．scheduled to C．schedule D．scheduling 11．—Can I have some time to think about which job to choose? —Sure, sir. Please give us your ________ as soon as possible. A．hope B．goodness C．reply D．confidence 12．I looked for my bag ________, but I couldn’t find it. A．everywhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 13．________ Susan Baur, with her team members, often ________ to nearby rivers and lakes to clean up garbage (垃圾) in them. A．65-years-old; goes B．65-year-old; goes C．65-years-old; go D．65-year-old; go 14．—Can you read the number 36.36 correctly?   —Yes, I can read it as ________. A．thirty-six point three six B．three six point three six C．thirty-six point thirty-six D．three six point thirty-six 15．________, Mr. Smith came to China. He was ________ then, I remember. A．In 1990s, in the thirties B．On the 1990s, in the thirty C．In the 1990s, in his thirties D．On 1990s, in his thirties 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Numbers are very important in our life. We can see them 16 . We use numbers to 17 time, age, distance and population. Numbers help us 18 things clearly. Some numbers are very 19 . For example, the world population is over eight 20 . It is really large. Some people are good at remembering numbers. Some are not. We can 21 numbers in many ways. Numbers can tell us stories. We feel 22 when we learn about those large or small numbers. We should 23 attention to numbers in our life. They help us know the world 24 . Let’s study numbers 25 and find more fun in them. 16．A．nowhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．here 17．A．talk B．speak C．say D．tell 18．A．understand B．ask C．answer D．think 19．A．boring B．amazing C．easy D．difficult 20．A．billion B．million C．hundred D．thousand 21．A．use B．used C．using D．to use 22．A．sad B．amazed C．tired D．angry 23．A．make B．pay C．take D．give 24．A．good B．better C．best D．well 25．A．hard B．hardly C．easy D．easily 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century, which was about 1,000 years earlier than the time when the European number system was created. It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20. This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable. Therefore, there were two important numbers in this system. Besides 20, the other important number is 5, which had a connection with the number of fingers and toes on one hand or foot. The Mayan system used two symbols (符号). A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five. The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero). The most common symbol was that of a shell () but there were several other symbols (e.g. a head) . It is interesting to learn that with all of the great experts on Maths and scientists in ancient Greece and Rome, it was the Mayan Indians who came up with this symbol zero or nothing. The following picture is a form of different numbers and how they would have been written. From further study, people found that the 360 day calendar (日历) also came from the Mayan. They actually used base 18 when they made the calendar. Each month included 20 days with 18 months in a year. This left five days at the end of the year which was month in itself, full of danger and bad luck. In this way, the Mayans had invented the 365 day calendar. 26．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The European number system. B．The Mayan number system. C．The Arabic number system. D．The Mayan symbol system. 27．Why could the Mayan system be used at that time? A．People lived in such a warm area that they didn’t need to count numbers. B．People believed that they hardly used their fingers or toes to count numbers. C．People thought the number of fingers and toes was enough to count numbers. D．People found that they could use the days in a year of a calendar to count numbers. 28．Which of the following symbols means sixteen? A． B． C． D． 29．What can we learn from the article? A．The Mayan number system had a base 10. B．All number systems had the same symbols. C．There were only 360 days in the Mayan calendar. D．The symbol of zero first appeared in the Mayan number system. 30．Where can you probably find the article? A．A diary. B．An encyclopedia. C．A travel guide. D．A geography magazine. B Ever feel lost with numbers? The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types: Pie ChartIt’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion (比例) of each part. A pie chart enables you to plan your pocket money wisely:for snacks, books, and savings. Line GraphAn excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences. Many teachers prefer using a line graph to track students’ grades. Bar GraphA bar graph can also show changes over time. However, it’s more direct to make comparisons (对比) between two or more things. That’s why we can use it to compare the popularity of different school clubs among your classmates. Venn Diagram (维恩图) A Venn Diagram features two overlapping circles. It’s perfect for sorting (分类) information. You can use a Venn Diagram to sort plants. For example, plants with green leaves go on the left; plants with flowers go on the right; plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap. 31．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a historical novel. B．In a tour guide. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a maths textbook. 32．How many kinds of data display graphs are mentioned in the passage? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 33．If you want to show big differences and how something changes over time, which graph would be a good choice? A．Pie Chart. B．Bar Graph. C．Line Graph. D．Venn Diagram. 34．The underlined phrase “overlapping circles” means a circle ________. A．that covers part of another circle. B．that is inside another circle. C．that is far away from another circle. D．that is drawn under another circle. 35．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To help people create a project. B．To tell people about the use of data. C．To introduce some helpful data display methods. D．To show how Venn Diagrams are different from other ways. C Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads (定向广告). What happens to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called “data brokers” collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses. __________ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents’ permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 36．According to the passage, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the targeted ads. D．By talking with friends. 37．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show their targeted ads? A． B． C． D． 38．According to the passage, why do “data brokers” collect personal information? A．To use the apps for free. B．To sell the information to businesses. C．To protect users’ personal data. D．To make new laws about privacy. 39．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 40．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请阅读下面的短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 Do you love maths? 41 Fun activities helped students fall in love with maths! On the first day, students put on plays and we watched some of them. My favorite play was about Hua Luogeng, a Chinese mathematician (数学家). Three students played Hua at three different ages. 42 The second day was the most interesting. Some students made rocket models with plastic (塑料的) bottles and launched them on the playground. 43 The most successful one flew as high as the second floor of the teaching building. 44 Thy showed us some advanced equipment (先进的装备) and did experiments with us. For example, we made a small water-cleaning system. It turned dirty water into clean water! After finishing the experiment, I felt the magic of science. 45 Students are already looking forward to next year’s festival! A．The school invited some college students on the third day. B．Recently, our school held a three-day maths festival. C．They let us know about his amazing life and his love for maths. D．They said making them was a challenge, but they finally succeeded. E．The festival ended with a maths teacher’s speech. F．Only a few五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A Last weekend was unforgettable! My school held a science competition. There were three p 46 for the winners. When the teacher told us about the rules, I felt nervous but excited. The first c 47 was to build a model plane that could fly 10 meters. After watching the time, I realized I only had 30 minutes! I tried my best to finish it. To my surprise, my plane flew the farthest! The teacher smiled and said, “Congratulations!” In the end, I took second place-it was a s 48 medal (奖牌)! I was so happy and couldn’t help w 49 if this was real. Later, when Mom saw my medal, she felt so proud. And she p 50 to take me to the science museum next weekend to celebrate my achievement! B 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 51 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 52 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 53 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 54 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 55 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 56 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 57 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 58 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 59 (he). After years of hard work, he 60 (final) worked out the value of pi. 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61．上周我向我哥哥挑战了一场篮球赛。 I ________ my elder brother ________ a basketball game last week. 62．这个年轻人决定向一位智慧的老人寻求建议。 The young man decided ________ ________ a wise old man ________  ________. 63．书店里有成百上千本书，其中大约400本是关于科学的。 There are ________ ________ books in the bookstore and about ________ ________ of them are about science. 64．The number of birds is becoming smaller. The number of birds is becoming ________ and ________. 65．袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一，作为“杂交水稻之父”而出名。 Yuan Longping, one of the greatest scientists in the world, ________ ________ ________ “the Father of Hybrid Rice”. 七、书面表达(15分) 66．假如你是杨珊，最近你做了一项关于业余活动的小调查。请根据下面表格中的内容，用英文写一篇短文来描述你的调查结果。 同学 课外活动 频率 李玉 国际象棋 一周五次 贝蒂 踢足球 一周三次 迈克 看英语杂志 每天 要求：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 I’m Yang Shan. I asked my friends about their free time activities. Here are the results. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Amazing numbers （单元测试）2026-2027学年 沪教版 八年级英语上册 解析卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1．The rest of the bread ________ on the table. Please don’t forget to put it away. A．are B．is C．were D．have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：剩下的面包在桌子上。请别忘了把它收起来。 are是（复数）；is是（单数）；were是（过去时复数）；have有。bread为不可数名词，“the rest of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数is。 2．We are all amazed ________ the large population. A．in B．at C．on D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们都对庞大的人口感到惊讶。 in在……里面；at在……；on在……上面；for为了。固定短语be amazed at意为“对……感到惊讶”，后接惊讶的对象，符合语境。 3．Tom answered the question without ________. A．wonder B．hesitation C．challenge D．promise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆毫不犹豫地回答了这个问题。 wonder惊奇；hesitation犹豫；challenge挑战；promise承诺。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”，固定搭配，符合回答问题的状态。应填hesitation。 4．The price may go ________ next month, so don’t buy it now. A．down B．without hesitation C．instead of D．for a moment 【答案】A 【详解】句意：价格下个月可能会下降，所以不要现在买它。 down向下；without hesitation毫不犹豫地；instead of代替；for a moment片刻。根据“The price may go...”可知此处描述价格变动，英语中常用go up或go down表示价格涨跌。 5．I bought the dress because the ________ said it was only 80 yuan. A．price tag B．flight C．province D．system 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我买了这条裙子，因为价签上显示它只要80元。 price tag价格标签；flight航班；province省份；system系统。根据句中“it was only 80 yuan”可知，此处涉及物品的价格信息。 6．It’s important for us ________ numbers correctly. A．use B．using C．to use D．used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：正确使用数字对我们来说很重要。 固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，to do不定式作真正的主语，应填to use。 7．________ amazing the story about numbers is! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：关于数字的故事是多么令人惊叹啊！ What什么；What an多么；How怎样；How an错误搭配。根据“________ amazing the story about numbers is!”可知中心词是形容词amazing，且其后无名词，符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语”结构。应填How。 8．— Dad, I ________ the first prize in the math competition. — Well done! I’m proud of you. A．beat B．won C．challenged D．promised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我在数学竞赛中赢得了一等奖。——做得好！我为你骄傲。 won赢得，后接比赛、奖品等；beat打败，后接对手；challenged挑战；promised承诺。由“the first prize”可知，win the first prize“赢得一等奖”，故选won。 9．When the teacher asked who broke the window, Tom stood up and answered ________. A．with hesitation B．without hesitation C．hesitate D．hesitant 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当老师询问是谁打碎了窗户时，汤姆毫不犹豫地站起来作答。 with hesitation迟疑地；without hesitation毫不犹豫地；hesitate犹豫；hesitant犹豫的。根据汤姆主动站起来回答是谁打碎窗户这件事可知，此处表达他回答时没有犹豫。 10．The meeting is ________ for 9 o’clock tomorrow morning. Don’t be late. A．scheduled B．scheduled to C．schedule D．scheduling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：会议安排在明天早上9点。不要迟到。 scheduled安排（过去式或过去分词）；scheduled to定于；schedule安排；scheduling安排（现在分词）。固定短语be scheduled for意为“安排在……时间”，故选scheduled符合语境。 11．—Can I have some time to think about which job to choose? —Sure, sir. Please give us your ________ as soon as possible. A．hope B．goodness C．reply D．confidence 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我能花点时间考虑选择哪份工作吗？   ——当然可以，先生。请尽快给我们答复。   hope希望；goodness善良；reply回复；confidence信心。reply意为“回复、答复”，符合对方需要等待对方决定后再回应的语境。 12．I looked for my bag ________, but I couldn’t find it. A．everywhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我到处找我的包，但我找不到它。 考查副词辨析。everywhere到处；somewhere在某处；anywhere在任何地方；nowhere无处。根据“but I couldn’t find it”可知，到处找我的包，但是没找到，应用everywhere。故选A。 13．________ Susan Baur, with her team members, often ________ to nearby rivers and lakes to clean up garbage (垃圾) in them. A．65-years-old; goes B．65-year-old; goes C．65-years-old; go D．65-year-old; go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：65岁的苏珊·鲍尔和她的团队成员经常去附近的河流和湖泊清理垃圾。 考查年龄表达和时态。65-years-old表达错误；65-year-old 65岁的；goes三单形式；go动词原形。表示年龄的复合形容词需用连字符连接，且单位词用单数形式，即65-year-old，排除选项A、C；主语是Susan Baur，谓语动词需用第三人称单数goes。故选B。 14．—Can you read the number 36.36 correctly?   —Yes, I can read it as ________. A．thirty-six point three six B．three six point three six C．thirty-six point thirty-six D．three six point thirty-six 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 你能正确读出数字36.36吗？—— 是的，我可以把它读成 thirty-six point three six。 考查小数的英语读法。小数的读法是：整数部分按整数读法读，“.”读作“point”，小数部分依次读出每个数字。36读作“thirty-six”，“.36”读作“point three six”，所以36.36读作“thirty-six point three six”，故选A。 15．________, Mr. Smith came to China. He was ________ then, I remember. A．In 1990s, in the thirties B．On the 1990s, in the thirty C．In the 1990s, in his thirties D．On 1990s, in his thirties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：20世纪90年代，史密斯先生来到中国。我记得他当时三十多岁。 考查数词的用法。第一空表示年代，用In the 1990s表示“在20世纪90年代”；第二空表示年龄，用“in one’s +数词复数”表示“在某人多少岁的时候”。故选C。 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Numbers are very important in our life. We can see them 16 . We use numbers to 17 time, age, distance and population. Numbers help us 18 things clearly. Some numbers are very 19 . For example, the world population is over eight 20 . It is really large. Some people are good at remembering numbers. Some are not. We can 21 numbers in many ways. Numbers can tell us stories. We feel 22 when we learn about those large or small numbers. We should 23 attention to numbers in our life. They help us know the world 24 . Let’s study numbers 25 and find more fun in them. 16．A．nowhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．here 17．A．talk B．speak C．say D．tell 18．A．understand B．ask C．answer D．think 19．A．boring B．amazing C．easy D．difficult 20．A．billion B．million C．hundred D．thousand 21．A．use B．used C．using D．to use 22．A．sad B．amazed C．tired D．angry 23．A．make B．pay C．take D．give 24．A．good B．better C．best D．well 25．A．hard B．hardly C．easy D．easily 【答案】 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．A 21．A 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，描述数字在生活中无处不在，介绍数字的用途、相关现象，呼吁我们重视数字、认真学习数字并从中发现乐趣。   【详解】16． 句意：数字在我们的生活中十分重要，我们随处都能见到它们。 根据“Numbers are very important in our life”，全文核心是数字和生活紧密相关。everywhere“到处；处处”，贴合数字遍布生活各处的文意；nowhere“无处”语义相反；somewhere“某处”范围局限；here“这里”仅指代单一地点，无法对应整体生活场景。   17．句意：我们用数字来表示时间、年龄、距离和人口。 固定搭配“use sth. to do sth.”，空格后为各类量化信息，tell“说明；标示”，可用于用数字标注各类数值；talk“交谈”需搭配介词；speak“说（语言）”后接语种；say“说”后接说话内容，三者都不能搭配时间、年龄这类客观数据。   18．句意：数字帮助我们清晰地理解事物。 根据后文“things clearly”，数字能理清各类信息，understand“理解；明白”，符合数字辅助理清信息的作用；ask“询问”、answer“回答”、think“思考”，无法体现数字带来清晰认知的效果。   19．句意：有一些数字十分惊人。 根据后文“For example, the world population is over eight billion. It is really large”，巨大的人口数字会让人感到震撼。amazing“令人惊叹的”，契合超大数字带来的感受；boring“无聊的”、easy“简单的”、difficult“困难的”，均和后文庞大数字的举例逻辑不符。   20．句意：举例来说，世界人口超过八十亿，这个数字十分庞大。 结合常识，全球人口规模以十亿为单位计量，billion“十亿”，eight billion表示八十亿，匹配后文“It is really large”；million“百万”、hundred“百”、thousand“千”，数值量级过小，无法对应庞大的世界人口。   21．句意：有些人擅长记数字，有些人不擅长，我们可以用多种方式使用数字。 情态动词can后必须接动词原形，use“使用”，符合语法规则；used为过去式/过去分词；using为现在分词；to use为动词不定式，均不能直接跟在can之后。   22．句意：数字能向我们讲述故事，当我们了解这些或大或小的数字时，我们会感到惊叹。 前文提及超大数字带来震撼，amazed“感到惊叹的”，形容人接触数字后的内心感受；sad“难过的”、tired“疲惫的”、angry“生气的”，情绪和数字带来的震撼感不匹配。   23．句意：我们应当留意生活中的数字。 固定搭配“pay attention to”表示留意、关注，pay可构成该短语；make、take、give均无法和attention to组成固定搭配。   24．句意：它们帮助我们更好地认识世界。 空格修饰动词know，填入副词，结合文意数字能加深我们对世界的认知，better“更好地”，是well的比较级，体现数字带来的提升；good是形容词不能修饰动词；best是最高级，文中无三者及以上对比；well“好地”为原级，缺少对比递进的含义。   25．句意：让我们努力学习数字，从中发现更多乐趣。 固定搭配“study hard”表示努力学习，hard“努力地”，修饰动词study；hardly“几乎不”语义不符；easy“简单的”是形容词；easily“轻易地”无法搭配study表达刻苦学习的含义。 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century, which was about 1,000 years earlier than the time when the European number system was created. It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20. This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable. Therefore, there were two important numbers in this system. Besides 20, the other important number is 5, which had a connection with the number of fingers and toes on one hand or foot. The Mayan system used two symbols (符号). A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five. The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero). The most common symbol was that of a shell () but there were several other symbols (e.g. a head) . It is interesting to learn that with all of the great experts on Maths and scientists in ancient Greece and Rome, it was the Mayan Indians who came up with this symbol zero or nothing. The following picture is a form of different numbers and how they would have been written. From further study, people found that the 360 day calendar (日历) also came from the Mayan. They actually used base 18 when they made the calendar. Each month included 20 days with 18 months in a year. This left five days at the end of the year which was month in itself, full of danger and bad luck. In this way, the Mayans had invented the 365 day calendar. 26．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The European number system. B．The Mayan number system. C．The Arabic number system. D．The Mayan symbol system. 27．Why could the Mayan system be used at that time? A．People lived in such a warm area that they didn’t need to count numbers. B．People believed that they hardly used their fingers or toes to count numbers. C．People thought the number of fingers and toes was enough to count numbers. D．People found that they could use the days in a year of a calendar to count numbers. 28．Which of the following symbols means sixteen? A． B． C． D． 29．What can we learn from the article? A．The Mayan number system had a base 10. B．All number systems had the same symbols. C．There were only 360 days in the Mayan calendar. D．The symbol of zero first appeared in the Mayan number system. 30．Where can you probably find the article? A．A diary. B．An encyclopedia. C．A travel guide. D．A geography magazine. 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文主要阐述的是数字的起源和数字的不同体系。 【详解】26．词义猜测题。根据“The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century...It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20.”可知，代词“It”指代的是“The Mayan number system”，故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable.”可知，玛雅数字系统之所以能够使用，是因为人们认为手指和脚趾的总数足够计数，故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five.”可知，数字16由3个“5”和1个“1”组成，所以需要3个“—”和1个“.”，故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据“The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero).”可知，零的符号最早出现在玛雅数字系统。故选D。 30．推理判断题。本文主要阐述的是数字的起源和数字的不同体系，所以在百科全书中出现比较恰当，故选B。 B Ever feel lost with numbers? The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types: Pie ChartIt’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion (比例) of each part. A pie chart enables you to plan your pocket money wisely:for snacks, books, and savings. Line GraphAn excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences. Many teachers prefer using a line graph to track students’ grades. Bar GraphA bar graph can also show changes over time. However, it’s more direct to make comparisons (对比) between two or more things. That’s why we can use it to compare the popularity of different school clubs among your classmates. Venn Diagram (维恩图) A Venn Diagram features two overlapping circles. It’s perfect for sorting (分类) information. You can use a Venn Diagram to sort plants. For example, plants with green leaves go on the left; plants with flowers go on the right; plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap. 31．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a historical novel. B．In a tour guide. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a maths textbook. 32．How many kinds of data display graphs are mentioned in the passage? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 33．If you want to show big differences and how something changes over time, which graph would be a good choice? A．Pie Chart. B．Bar Graph. C．Line Graph. D．Venn Diagram. 34．The underlined phrase “overlapping circles” means a circle ________. A．that covers part of another circle. B．that is inside another circle. C．that is far away from another circle. D．that is drawn under another circle. 35．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To help people create a project. B．To tell people about the use of data. C．To introduce some helpful data display methods. D．To show how Venn Diagrams are different from other ways. 【答案】31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饼状图、折线图、条形图和维恩图这四种最常见图表的特点、适用场景及具体示例，以指导如何选择合适的图表来清晰展示数据。 【详解】31．推理判断题。根据“Let’s look at the four most common graph types”可知，文章介绍常见图表类型，与数学学习相关，故选D。 32．细节理解题。根据“Pie Chart、Line Graph、Bar Graph、Venn Diagram”可知，共提到4种图表，故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“Line Graph: An excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences”可知，折线图是展示随时间变化和巨大差异的绝佳选择，故选C。 34．词句猜测题。根据“plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap”可知，圆圈是部分重叠的，重叠区域就是中间共同的部分，故选A。 35．主旨大意题。根据“The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types”可知，文章旨在介绍实用的数据展示方法，故选C。 C Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you targeted ads (定向广告). What happens to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses that want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Companies called “data brokers” collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow, and then sell it to other brokers and businesses. __________ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says companies must get parents’ permission to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 36．According to the passage, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the targeted ads. D．By talking with friends. 37．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show their targeted ads? A． B． C． D． 38．According to the passage, why do “data brokers” collect personal information? A．To use the apps for free. B．To sell the information to businesses. C．To protect users’ personal data. D．To make new laws about privacy. 39．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 40．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. 【答案】36．A 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文由APP上呈现的广告引出我们的个人信息被企业收集和贩卖，进而提出我们应该高度重视和保护个人信息。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据“Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据).”可知，说明用户通过“分享个人数据”来换取免费使用。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据“Companies called ‘data  brokers’ collect your data—everything from your name, ... and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.”以及“The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads.”可知，用户使用那些应用软件，数据经纪人收集你的所有数据，然后把它们卖给企业，企业再定向投放广告。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“Companies called ‘data brokers’ collect your data … and then sell it to other brokers and businesses.”可知，数据经纪人收集信息是为了“卖给企业”。故选B。 39．推理判断题。根据“The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services.”可知，企业用数据来定位广告，意味着他们将把广告展示给最有可能对他们的产品或服务感兴趣的人；由此推知本段回答了为什么企业想要数据。故选C。 40．推理判断题。文章结尾提醒读者应学会保护个人信息，根据“If an app asks for ... consider saying ‘No’ first.”可知，是写给“App用户”的安全提示。故选B。 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请阅读下面的短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文意思完整、连贯。 Do you love maths? 41 Fun activities helped students fall in love with maths! On the first day, students put on plays and we watched some of them. My favorite play was about Hua Luogeng, a Chinese mathematician (数学家). Three students played Hua at three different ages. 42 The second day was the most interesting. Some students made rocket models with plastic (塑料的) bottles and launched them on the playground. 43 The most successful one flew as high as the second floor of the teaching building. 44 Thy showed us some advanced equipment (先进的装备) and did experiments with us. For example, we made a small water-cleaning system. It turned dirty water into clean water! After finishing the experiment, I felt the magic of science. 45 Students are already looking forward to next year’s festival! A．The school invited some college students on the third day. B．Recently, our school held a three-day maths festival. C．They let us know about his amazing life and his love for maths. D．They said making them was a challenge, but they finally succeeded. E．The festival ended with a maths teacher’s speech. F．Only a few students could take part in it. 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．E 【导语】本文主要学校举办的为期三天的数学节。 41．根据“Fun activities helped students fall in love with maths!”可知此处引出这个活动，选项B“最近，我们学校举办了为期三天的数学节”符合语境。故选B。 42．根据“Three students played Hua at three different ages”可知学生扮演三个不同年龄阶段的华罗庚，这让我们了解华罗庚，选项C“他们让我们了解了他令人惊叹的生活和他对数学的热爱”符合语境。故选C。 43．根据“Some students made rocket models with plastic (塑料的) bottles and launched them on the playground”以及“The most successful one flew as high as the second floor of the teaching building”可知学生用塑料瓶制作火箭模型并发射，而且也成功了，选项D“他们说制作它们是一个挑战，但他们最终成功了”符合语境。故选D。 44．根据第二段、第三段句首可知第四段在讲述第三天的事情，选项A“学校在第三天邀请了一些大学生”符合语境。故选A。 45．根据“Students are already looking forward to next year’s festival!”可知学生们期待下一年的数学节，说明今年的数学节结束了，选项E“节日以数学老师的演讲结束”符合语境。故选E。 五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A Last weekend was unforgettable! My school held a science competition. There were three p 46 for the winners. When the teacher told us about the rules, I felt nervous but excited. The first c 47 was to build a model plane that could fly 10 meters. After watching the time, I realized I only had 30 minutes! I tried my best to finish it. To my surprise, my plane flew the farthest! The teacher smiled and said, “Congratulations!” In the end, I took second place-it was a s 48 medal (奖牌)! I was so happy and couldn’t help w 49 if this was real. Later, when Mom saw my medal, she felt so proud. And she p 50 to take me to the science museum next weekend to celebrate my achievement! 【答案】46．prizes/rizes 47．challenge/hallenge 48．silver/ilver 49．wondering/ondering 50．promised/romised 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者上周末参加学校举办的科学竞赛的难忘经历，依次介绍竞赛奖品、比赛任务、自己制作飞机模型参赛并夺得银牌的过程，最后写妈妈看到奖牌十分自豪，并承诺带自己去科学博物馆庆祝。 【详解】46．句意：获胜者有三份奖品。本句为there be句型，be动词were为复数，说明后面名词要用复数；前文school held a science competition点明举办竞赛，竞赛会给获胜者设置奖励，首字母p对应单词prize，three表示三个，因此变为复数prizes。 47．句意：第一项挑战是制作一架能飞十米的模型飞机。空前有序数词the first，后面需要接单数可数名词；后文“build a model plane that could fly 10 meters”是比赛需要完成的任务，属于竞赛挑战项目，首字母c对应challenge，用单数形式。 48．句意：最后我拿到了第二名 —— 那是一枚银牌！空格修饰后面名词medal，需要填入形容词；前文took second place获得第二名，赛事第二名对应的奖牌为银牌，首字母s对应silver，silver medal是固定搭配，意为银牌。故填silver。 49．句意：我十分开心，忍不住怀疑这一切是不是真的。固定结构couldn’t help doing sth.意为忍不住做某事，空格必须使用动名词形式；作者意外获奖，内心不敢相信，一直在暗自琢磨这件事，首字母w对应wonder，变动名词为wondering。 50．句意：妈妈看到我的奖牌后十分自豪，她承诺下周末带我去科学博物馆庆祝我的成绩。全文整体时态为一般过去时，本句缺少谓语动词；妈妈主动提出带“我”去博物馆，是做出承诺，首字母p对应promise，一般过去时变形为promised。 B 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 51 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 52 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 53 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 54 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 55 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 56 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 57 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 58 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 59 (he). After years of hard work, he 60 (final) worked out the value of pi. 【答案】 51．first 52．earliest 53．that 54．an 55．intelligence 56．in 57．finding 58．believed 59．himself 60．finally 【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。 【详解】51．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。 52．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。 53．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 54．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 55．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。 56．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。 57．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。 58．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。 59．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。 60．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61．上周我向我哥哥挑战了一场篮球赛。 I ________ my elder brother ________ a basketball game last week. 【答案】 challenged to 【详解】原句中“向……挑战”是关键词，英文固定搭配为“challenge sb. to sth.”，表示“向某人挑战某事物”。本句描述的是“上周”发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填challenged；to。 62．这个年轻人决定向一位智慧的老人寻求建议。 The young man decided ________ ________ a wise old man ________  ________. 【答案】 to ask for advice 【详解】原句中“决定向……寻求建议”是关键词，表示“决定做某事”的英文结构为“decide to do sth.”；“向……寻求建议”对应固定短语“ask sb. for advice”，其中“ask”为动词原形，“for”为介词，“advice”为名词作宾语。 63．书店里有成百上千本书，其中大约400本是关于科学的。 There are ________ ________ books in the bookstore and about ________ ________ of them are about science. 【答案】 hundreds of four hundred 【详解】原句中“成百上千”和“400”是关键词。表达“成百上千”需用固定短语hundreds of。此时hundred必须加s，且后面必须加of。当hundred前有具体数字（如four）修饰时，hundred不用复数，结构为“基数词+hundred"。因此“400”译为four hundred。 64．The number of birds is becoming smaller. The number of birds is becoming ________ and ________. 【答案】 smaller smaller 【详解】句意：鸟类的数量正在变少。 可知比较级叠加结构smaller and smaller表示“越来越少”。 65．袁隆平，世界上最伟大的科学家之一，作为“杂交水稻之父”而出名。 Yuan Longping, one of the greatest scientists in the world, ________ ________ ________ “the Father of Hybrid Rice”. 【答案】 is known as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处表示“作为……而著名”的意思，固定搭配be known as意为“作为……而出名”，主语是Yuan Longping，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is；known；as。 七、书面表达(15分) 66．假如你是杨珊，最近你做了一项关于业余活动的小调查。请根据下面表格中的内容，用英文写一篇短文来描述你的调查结果。 同学 课外活动 频率 李玉 国际象棋 一周五次 贝蒂 踢足球 一周三次 迈克 看英语杂志 每天 要求：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 I’m Yang Shan. I asked my friends about their free time activities. Here are the results. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： I’m Yang Shan. I asked my friends about their free time activities. Here are the results. Li Yu is interested in chess. She started to play chess when she was little. Now she plays chess five times a week. She thinks it helps her relax. Betty loves sports and playing sports makes her strong. Her favourite sport is soccer. She plays soccer three times a week. Mike is a shy boy. He enjoys reading very much. Every day he reads English magazines. He thinks he can learn a lot of things from them. I think all of their free time activities are good. Do you think so? 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：内容要点已给出，考生应按要求进行写作，不可遗漏任何信息提示，适当添加细节，使行文连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出主题（已给出）； 第二步，结合表格内容，介绍调查结果； 第三步，给出评价。 [亮点词汇] ① be interested in 对……感兴趣 ② enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ③ learn a lot from 从……中学到很多 [高分句型] ① She started to play chess when she was little. (when引导时间状语从句) ② She thinks it helps her relax. (宾语从句) ③ He thinks he can learn a lot of things from them. (宾语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $