Unit 2 Amazing numbers（单元分层自测·基础通关卷）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语Unit 2基础卷（90分钟/110分），以人口、数字为核心主题，融合2026各国人口数据、π计算科技前沿及国际象棋文化故事，适配单元复习，全面考查语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10题/5分|数词（billion）、固定搭配（write down）|基础词汇在真实语境中应用| |语法选择|15题/15分|时态（过去时）、比较级（larger）|语篇化语法考查，融入人口话题| |完形填空|10题/10分|叙事逻辑、词汇辨析（prize/hesitation）|文化故事中考查语篇理解| |阅读|35分|人口数据表解读、科技文（π计算）、社会问题（老龄化）|信息获取与思辨能力，贴近真题设计| |书面表达|15分|人口变化报告写作|结合社会热点，考查信息整合与表达能力|

2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分) 1. The population of China is about 1.413 ________. That's a huge number! A. billion B. millions C. thousand D. hundred 2. The old man invented chess and the king promised to give him a ________. A. challenge B. prize C. chessboard D. schedule 3. The teacher asked us to write ________ the numbers from one to one hundred. A. down B. up C. in D. on 4. Numbers play an important ________ in our daily lives. A. game B. rule C. role D. part 5. The price of food has gone ________ sharply this year. A. down B. up C. out D. off 6. There are ________ people in the world now - over 8 billion! A. current B. currently C. cure D. curious 7. When the teacher asked the question, Tom raised his hand ________ hesitation. A. with B. without C. in D. for 8. The 2026 population of India is ________ than that of China. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 9. The king ________ to give the old man anything he wanted. A. agreed B. argued C. arrived D. answered 10. We should use numbers ________ to avoid mistakes in calculations. A. exactly B. exactly not C. exact D. more exact 二、语法选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) Last week, our class learned about world population. Our teacher, Ms Wang, showed us some amazing numbers. She said, "The world population is over 8 11 people now." She told us that there 12 about 1.4 billion people in China. "Is there 13 country with more people?" asked Tom. "Yes," Ms Wang replied. "India has a 14 population than China now." She explained that in the past, the world 15 a much smaller population in the past. "How 16 people were there in the world in 1900?" asked Lily. "About 1.6 billion," said Ms Wang. "That is 17 smaller than today." She also told us that 18 countries have high birth rates. "For example, Nigeria's population is growing 19 than most other countries." Ms Wang asked us to write 20 report about population. She said, "You 21 include at least three facts." She told 22 not to copy from the Internet. "You 23 use books and encyclopaedias too," she added. "Is there 24 else you want to know?" she asked. " 25 is more interesting than numbers!" said Tom, and everyone laughed. 11. A. billion B. billions C. billions of D. billion of 12. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. A. some B. any C. no D. much 14. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 15. A. has B. had C. is having D. will have 16. A. much B. many C. more D. most 17. A. very B. much C. more D. most 18. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 19. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 20. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 21. A. can B. must C. should D. may 22. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 23. A. can B. must C. should D. need 24. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 25. A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 Long ago in India, a wise old man invented the game of chess. When he showed it to the king, the king was 26 . "This is a wonderful 27 !" the king said. "I will give you a 28 . Ask for anything you want." The old man thought for a moment. Then, without 29 , he said, "I only want some wheat. Please put one grain on the first square of the chessboard, two on the second, four on the third, and so on. Each square should have twice as many grains as the one before." The king 30 . "What a small request!" he thought. He 31 to give the old man the grain right away. However, when the king's men started to 32 the grains, they found a huge problem. On the tenth square, there were already 512 grains. By the twentieth square, the number was over one million! By the 33 square, the king would need more wheat than existed in his entire kingdom. The king 34 that the old man was much cleverer than he had thought. He 35 his promise but learned an important lesson: never underestimate the power of numbers. 26. A. bored B. excited C. tired D. worried 27. A. game B. story C. picture D. lesson 28. A. challenge B. chance C. prize D. promise 29. A. thinking B. hesitation C. waiting D. stopping 30. A. agreed B. laughed C. cried D. shouted 31. A. refused B. promised C. forgot D. remembered 32. A. buy B. sell C. count D. eat 33. A. forty B. fortieth C. fourteen D. fourteenth 34. A. realized B. forgot C. doubted D. wondered 35. A. broke B. kept C. changed D. made 四、阅读（共三节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (per 1000) Median Age Fertility Rate India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2.03 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 1.03 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 1.66 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 2.18 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 1.65 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 5.24 Japan 123 million -0.53% 6.3 49.1 1.20 36. Which country has the largest population in 2026? A. China B. India C. USA D. Nigeria 37. Which country has a decreasing population? A. India and Nigeria B. China and Japan C. USA and Brazil D. Indonesia and Brazil 38. Which country has the highest birth rate? A. Nigeria B. India C. Indonesia D. Brazil 39. What is the median age of Japan? A. 28.7 B. 34.3 C. 38.3 D. 49.1 40. Which country has the youngest population? A. Japan B. China C. Nigeria D. USA B In November 2025, a company called StorageReview set a new Guinness World Record by calculating pi to 314 trillion digits. The calculation was done using a single Dell PowerEdge server and took about 110 days to complete. Pi is one of the most famous numbers in mathematics. It represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. The value of pi starts as 3.14159... and continues forever without repeating. Scientists have been calculating more and more digits of pi for hundreds of years. Before this record, the previous one was set in March 2024, with about 105 trillion digits. The new record of 314 trillion digits is nearly three times more! The team chose the number 314 because it matches the first three digits of pi: 3.14. Why do people keep calculating pi? "It's not just about the number itself," explained the team leader. "It's a challenge. It tests the limits of our computers and software. Each new record helps us improve computing technology." The achievement shows how far technology has come. From ancient Chinese mathematician Zu Chongzhi, who calculated pi to seven decimal places over 1,500 years ago, to today's 314 trillion digits, the journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. 41. How many digits of pi did StorageReview calculate? A. 105 trillion B. 314 trillion C. 500 trillion D. 110 trillion 42. How long did the calculation take? A. About 3 months B. About 110 days C. About 1 year D. About 105 days 43. Why did the team choose the number 314? A. It's a lucky number. B. It matches the first three digits of pi. C. It's the server model number. D. It's the team's founding year. 44. What does pi represent? A. The area of a circle B. The diameter of a circle C. The ratio of circumference to diameter D. The radius of a circle 45. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Pi is not important. B. Zu Chongzhi was the best mathematician. C. The journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. D. Computers are better than humans. C In 2026, China's population is about 1.413 billion. However, the country has been experiencing negative population growth for four consecutive years since 2022. The fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, far below the replacement level of 2.1 needed to keep the population stable. One of the biggest challenges China faces is aging. In 2026, over 210 million people - about 15% of the population - are aged 65 or above. By 2035, it is expected that one in every three Chinese people will be over 60. This sharp increase in the elderly population is putting pressure on healthcare and pension systems. The government has taken steps to address this issue. In 2021, China introduced the three-child policy, allowing families to have up to three children. Various provinces have also offered financial support and longer maternity leave to encourage childbirth. However, many young couples still hesitate due to high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. The population decline also affects the economy. With fewer young workers, some factories and companies are facing labour shortages. Meanwhile, the demand for elderly care services is growing sharply. Experts suggest that China needs to improve social support systems and create a more family-friendly environment to reverse the trend. 46. How many years has China experienced negative population growth by 2026? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 47. What is China's fertility rate in 2026? A. 2.1 B. 1.65 C. 1.03 D. 1.20 48. By 2035, what proportion of Chinese people will be over 60? A. About 15% B. About one in three C. About 50% D. About one in five 49. Why do many young couples hesitate to have more children? A. They don't like children. B. The government doesn't allow it. C. Because of high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. D. There aren't enough hospitals. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. China's population is the largest. B. China faces the challenge of population decline and aging. C. The three-child policy has been very successful. D. Young people don't want to work in factories. 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Numbers are everywhere in our daily lives, but many people don't realize how important they really are. 51 Here are some examples. First, numbers help us understand the world. 52 Without numbers, we wouldn't know how fast the population is growing or how the economy is changing. Second, numbers are used in science and technology. 53 Scientists use numbers to measure everything from the distance between stars to the size of tiny cells. Third, numbers help us make decisions in daily life. 54 When you go shopping, you need to check prices and calculate the total cost. 55 From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, numbers are always with us. Understanding numbers is an essential skill for everyone in the 21st century. A. Statistics and data are all expressed in numbers. B. That's why learning mathematics is so important in school. C. In fact, we use numbers from the moment we are born. D. They play a much bigger role than most people think. E. Even cooking requires numbers - you need to follow the right amounts in a recipe. F. Numbers are also used in music and art. 第三节 信息匹配 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个与数字/统计相关的职业，请根据五位同学的需求，帮助他们选出最适合的职业方向。 56. Tom is very interested in population data and wants to study how birth rates and death rates change in different countries. 57. Lily is good at mathematics and wants to use numbers to help companies manage their money and check financial records. 58. Jack loves working with data and wants to use computer programs to find patterns and trends in large amounts of information. 59. Mary wants to help insurance companies calculate risks and decide how much people should pay for their policies. 60. Kevin enjoys collecting and analyzing data about the economy. He wants to advise businesses on where to invest their money. A. Statistician - Collects and analyzes data about populations, health, and social trends. B. Accountant - Checks financial records, manages budgets, and ensures accuracy. C. Demographer - Studies population changes including birth rates, death rates, and migration. D. Financial Analyst - Studies economic data and market trends to advise on investments. E. Data Scientist - Uses computer programs and mathematics to analyze large amounts of data. F. Actuary - Uses mathematics and statistics to calculate risks for insurance companies. 五、语篇填词(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Last month, our teacher taught us how to manage money. She said it was important for every student to learn about b 61 . First, she asked us to write down all our expenses and c 62 them carefully. "You should know exactly how much you spend and what you spend it on," she said. I was surprised to find that I spent about thirty p 63 cent of my pocket money on snacks! "That's too much," my teacher said. "You should try to save at least twenty per cent." She also told us that prices often go u 64 over time, so we should plan ahead. "If the price of something goes d 65 , that's a good time to buy," she added. Now I check my budget every week and save more money than before. My teacher was pleased with my progress. She also reminded us that saving money is a good habit that will benefit us in the future. 六、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Dear Diary, Today our class learned about the history of numbers. I didn't know that different cultures 66 (have) different number systems in the past. Our teacher, Ms Wang, told us that the ancient 67 (Egypt) used picture symbols to represent numbers. Then she talked about the Babylonian system, which 68 (use) wedge-shaped marks. The Roman number system is still 69 (wide) used today - you can see Roman numerals on clocks and in book chapters. 70 , the most commonly used number system in the world is the Hindu-Arabic system. This system 71 (include) ten digits from 0 to 9. The 72 (invent) of zero was a huge breakthrough. Before zero, people had great difficulty 73 (do) complex calculations. An Indian mathematician named Brahmagupta was one of the 74 (one) to explain the rules for using zero. Ms Wang also said that numbers 75 (be) more than just tools for counting. They represent human wisdom and creativity. 七、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 76.他毫不犹豫地接受了挑战。 He accepted the challenge_____________. 77.请把这些数字写下来。 Please_____________ these numbers. 78.今年物价上涨了很多。 Prices have_____________ a lot this year. 79.我们用数字来代表不同的数量。 We use numbers to_____________ different quantities. 80.人口变化对经济有重要影响。 Population change_____________ the economy. 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。请根据以下提示，写一篇关于人口变化的报告（A report on population change），80词左右，可适当发挥。 提示： 1. 中国人口约14.13亿，但近年来人口出现负增长； 2. 老龄化问题严重，65岁以上人口超过2.1亿； 3. 政府出台了三孩政策来应对这一问题； 4. 我认为...... ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分) 1. The population of China is about 1.413 ________. That's a huge number! A. billion B. millions C. thousand D. hundred 【答案】A 【解析】考点大数表达。前面有具体数字 1.413，billion 不加 s；billion 十亿，14.13 亿符合中国人口数据；millions/thousands/hundred 前面有数字不能加 s，排除 BCD。 2. The old man invented chess and the king promised to give him a ________. A. challenge B. prize C. chessboard D. schedule 【答案】B 【解析】词义辨析。老人发明象棋，国王许诺给他奖赏；prize 奖赏，奖品；challenge 挑战；chessboard 棋盘；schedule 日程表。 3. The teacher asked us to write ________ the numbers from one to one hundred. A. down B. up C. in D. on 【答案】A 【解析】固定短语 write down 写下，记下；write up 详细记录，不符合语境。 4. Numbers play an important ________ in our daily lives. A. game B. rule C. role D. part 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 play an important role in=play an important part in 在…… 中起重要作用；题干空格前 an，只能填单数可数名词 role（part 前用 a，不能 an）。 5. The price of food has gone ________ sharply this year. A. down B. up C. out D. off 【答案】B 【解析】固定短语 go up 上涨；go down 下降；go out 外出；go off 熄灭、爆炸。物价大幅上涨用 go up。 6. There are ________ people in the world now - over 8 billion! A. current B. currently C. cure D. curious 【答案】B 【解析】语法 + 词义。句子主谓完整，句首需要副词作状语；currently adv. 目前；current adj. 当前（不能单独放句中修饰名词）；cure 治疗；curious 好奇。修正原题干语法缺陷，副词修饰整个句子。 7. When the teacher asked the question, Tom raised his hand ________ hesitation. A. with B. without C. in D. for 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 without hesitation 毫不犹豫；with hesitation 犹豫地，不符合举手语境。 8. The 2026 population of India is ________ than that of China. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 【答案】B 【解析】than 是比较级标志；large 比较级 larger，两者对比用比较级。 9. The king ________ to give the old man anything he wanted. A. agreed B. argued C. arrived D. answered 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 agree to do sth. 同意做；argue 争吵；arrive 到达；answer 回答。国王同意满足老人任何要求。 10. We should use numbers ________ to avoid mistakes in calculations. A. exactly B. exactly not C. exact D. more exact 【答案】A 【解析】修饰动词 use 用副词 exactly 准确地；exact 是形容词，不能修饰动词。 二、语法选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) Last week, our class learned about world population. Our teacher, Ms Wang, showed us some amazing numbers. She said, "The world population is over 8 11 people now." She told us that there 12 about 1.4 billion people in China. "Is there 13 country with more people?" asked Tom. "Yes," Ms Wang replied. "India has a 14 population than China now." She explained that in the past, the world 15 a much smaller population in the past. "How 16 people were there in the world in 1900?" asked Lily. "About 1.6 billion," said Ms Wang. "That is 17 smaller than today." She also told us that 18 countries have high birth rates. "For example, Nigeria's population is growing 19 than most other countries." Ms Wang asked us to write 20 report about population. She said, "You 21 include at least three facts." She told 22 not to copy from the Internet. "You 23 use books and encyclopaedias too," she added. "Is there 24 else you want to know?" she asked. " 25 is more interesting than numbers!" said Tom, and everyone laughed. 11. A. billion B. billions C. billions of D. billion of 12. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. A. some B. any C. no D. much 14. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 15. A. has B. had C. is having D. will have 16. A. much B. many C. more D. most 17. A. very B. much C. more D. most 18. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 19. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 20. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 21. A. can B. must C. should D. may 22. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 23. A. can B. must C. should D. need 24. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 25. A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything 11.【答案】A 【详细解析】英语大数语法固定规则：当前面出现明确具体数字（本题8），billion / million / thousand 不加s，也不能搭配of；billions of 仅用于无数字的泛指含义，表数十亿。此处有数字8，只能选择billion。 12.【答案】A 【详细解析】①语法主谓一致：population 表示人口总量作主语时，视作单数名词；②时态判断，句子陈述全球当下人口客观事实，使用一般现在时，单数对应be动词is。 13.【答案】B 【详细解析】some 与any 核心使用区别：some 多用于肯定句，表一些；any 多用于疑问句、否定句，表任何。本句是一般疑问句，询问是否存在人口更多的国家，选用any。 14.【答案】B 【详细解析】than 是比较级标志性词汇，句子对比印度、中国两国人口，属于两者比较，形容词large需变为比较级larger。 15.【答案】B 【详细解析】in the past 意为在过去，属于一般过去时时间标志，描述古时候全球人口状况，动词have 使用过去式had。 16.【答案】B 【详细解析】how many 修饰可数名词复数；how much 仅修饰不可数名词。people 是可数复数集合名词，因此选用many。 17.【答案】B 【详细解析】much 独有语法功能：可放在形容词、副词比较级前加强程度，翻译为……得多；very 只能修饰形容词原级，无法修饰smaller这类比较形式。 18.【答案】B 【详细解析】第一步区分可数/不可数：countries 是可数名词复数，little、a little 只修饰不可数名词，直接排除C、D；第二步区分语义：a few 表肯定，有一些；few 表否定，几乎没有。本句表达部分国家出生率高，为肯定含义，选a few。 19.【答案】B 【详细解析】than 提示句子使用比较级，fast 的规则变化比较级为faster。 20.【答案】B 【详细解析】write 是实义动词，动词后面需要人称代词宾格充当宾语；we 主格，our 形容词性物主代词，ours 名词性物主代词，三者均不能作宾语，宾格us为正确答案。 21.【答案】C 【详细解析】情态动词词义辨析：should 侧重老师给出的学习建议、硬性要求；can 表能够；must 语气强硬，表必须；may 表许可。老师要求报告包含至少三处事实，用should最贴合课堂语境。 22.【答案】B 【详细解析】固定搭配 tell sb. to do sth.，tell 后接人称代词宾格作宾语，we为主格，our/ours为物主代词，均不符合语法，宾格us正确。 23.【答案】A 【详细解析】can 表示允许、可以，句意：你们也可以查阅书籍和百科全书作为参考；must（必须）、should（应当）语气过重，不符合补充宽松建议的语境。 24.【答案】B 【详细解析】不定代词使用场景：something 只用在肯定陈述句；anything 用于疑问句和否定句，anything else 固定搭配，意为还有别的（问题）吗。 25.【答案】C 【详细解析】语境推理：全班都在学习数字相关内容，Tom开玩笑说出这句话引得大家发笑，nothing 含义为没有任何事物，句意：没有什么比数字更有趣，符合幽默语境。anything任何事物；something某事；everything所有事物均不符合逻辑。 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 Long ago in India, a wise old man invented the game of chess. When he showed it to the king, the king was 26 . "This is a wonderful 27 !" the king said. "I will give you a 28 . Ask for anything you want." The old man thought for a moment. Then, without 29 , he said, "I only want some wheat. Please put one grain on the first square of the chessboard, two on the second, four on the third, and so on. Each square should have twice as many grains as the one before." The king 30 . "What a small request!" he thought. He 31 to give the old man the grain right away. However, when the king's men started to 32 the grains, they found a huge problem. On the tenth square, there were already 512 grains. By the twentieth square, the number was over one million! By the 33 square, the king would need more wheat than existed in his entire kingdom. The king 34 that the old man was much cleverer than he had thought. He 35 his promise but learned an important lesson: never underestimate the power of numbers. 26. A. bored B. excited C. tired D. worried 27. A. game B. story C. picture D. lesson 28. A. challenge B. chance C. prize D. promise 29. A. thinking B. hesitation C. waiting D. stopping 30. A. agreed B. laughed C. cried D. shouted 31. A. refused B. promised C. forgot D. remembered 32. A. buy B. sell C. count D. eat 33. A. forty B. fortieth C. fourteen D. fourteenth 34. A. realized B. forgot C. doubted D. wondered 35. A. broke B. kept C. changed D. made 答案 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.B 31.B 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.A 详细解析 26.【答案】B 【详细解析】词义+语境辨析。bored无聊的；excited兴奋激动的；tired疲惫的；worried担忧。老人创造出新棋类献给国王，国王见到新奇发明内心十分兴奋，选excited。其余情绪均不符合当下场景。 27.【答案】A 【详细解析】名词词义辨析。game游戏；story故事；picture图画；lesson课程。前文提到invented the game of chess（发明象棋这种游戏），此处指代象棋，选game。 28.【答案】C 【详细解析】词义辨析。challenge挑战；chance机会；prize奖赏；promise承诺。国王表示会给老人一份奖赏，满足他想要的任何东西，prize符合君主赏赐的语境。 29.【答案】B 【详细解析】固定搭配+词义。thinking思考；hesitation犹豫；waiting等待；stopping停下。without hesitation是固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫”，文中老人听完赏赐后立刻提出麦粒的要求，没有迟疑。 30.【答案】B 【详细解析】动词语境。agreed同意；laughed大笑；cried哭泣；shouted大喊。国王觉得老人的要求微不足道，忍不住大笑，符合后文“What a small request!”的心理活动。 31.【答案】B 【详细解析】动词辨析。refused拒绝；promised承诺；forgot忘记；remember记得。国王当场许诺马上给老人准备麦粒，promise to do sth.承诺做某事。 32.【答案】C 【详细解析】动词词义。buy购买；sell售卖；count清点；eat吃。手下需要清点棋盘每一格对应的麦粒数量，才发现总量惊人，count清点贴合剧情。 33.【答案】B 【详细解析】基数词、序数词区分。forty四十（基数词）；fortieth第四十（序数词）；fourteen十四；fourteenth第十四。空格前有定冠词the，后面修饰square格子，必须使用序数词fortieth。 34.【答案】A 【详细解析】动词词义。realized意识到；forgot忘记；doubted怀疑；wondered想知道。清点麦粒后国王才猛然意识到老人远比自己聪慧，realize表示恍然大悟。 35.【答案】A 【详细解析】固定短语。broke打破；kept坚守；changed改变；made做出。break one’s promise固定搭配，意为违背承诺，麦粒总量远超全国储备，国王无法兑现当初的许诺。 四、阅读（共三节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (per 1000) Median Age Fertility Rate India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2.03 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 1.03 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 1.66 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 2.18 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 1.65 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 5.24 Japan 123 million -0.53% 6.3 49.1 1.20 36. Which country has the largest population in 2026? A. China B. India C. USA D. Nigeria 37. Which country has a decreasing population? A. India and Nigeria B. China and Japan C. USA and Brazil D. Indonesia and Brazil 38. Which country has the highest birth rate? A. Nigeria B. India C. Indonesia D. Brazil 39. What is the median age of Japan? A. 28.7 B. 34.3 C. 38.3 D. 49.1 40. Which country has the youngest population? A. Japan B. China C. Nigeria D. USA 答案 36.B 37.B 38.A 39.D 40.C 36.【解析】 ① 解题题型：表格细节查找题，核心对比Population（人口总数）一列数字； ② 各国人口数据对比：India 1.44 billion，China 1.413 billion，USA 340 million，Nigeria 235 million； ③ 14.4亿＞14.13亿，印度人口数值最大，因此选B； ④ 易错提醒：很多学生会惯性以为中国人口最多，表格2026数据显示印度人口已超过中国，做题必须严格依据原文表格信息，不能依靠固有印象。 37.【解析】 ① 核心判断标准：Growth Rate（人口增长率）一栏，数字带负号代表人口负增长（人口减少）； ② 表格数据：China增长率-0.07%，Japan增长率-0.53%，两国数值均为负数，人口持续下降； ③ 其余国家India、USA、Indonesia、Brazil、Nigeria增长率全部为正数，人口在增长，直接排除A/C/D。 38.【解析】 ① 定位表格Birth Rate（出生率）列，横向提取所有数值对比： India 17.0，China 6.4，USA 11.0，Indonesia 15.8，Brazil13.3，Nigeria36.0，Japan6.3； ② 36.0是全部数据里最大值，对应国家Nigeria，选A。 39.【解析】 ① 定位表格Median Age（中位年龄）一栏，找到Japan对应数字49.1； ② 匹配选项，D选项数字完全对应，其余28.7为印度、34.3巴西、38.3美国，均不符合题意。 40.【解析】 ① 词义理解：Median Age中位年龄数值越小，代表国民整体年龄偏低、人口更年轻；数值越大代表老龄化越严重； ② 各国中位年龄：Nigeria 18.4（全场最低），日本49.1（全场最高，老龄化最重）； ③ 尼日利亚国民平均年龄最小，是最年轻的人口结构，因此选C。 B In November 2025, a company called StorageReview set a new Guinness World Record by calculating pi to 314 trillion digits. The calculation was done using a single Dell PowerEdge server and took about 110 days to complete. Pi is one of the most famous numbers in mathematics. It represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. The value of pi starts as 3.14159... and continues forever without repeating. Scientists have been calculating more and more digits of pi for hundreds of years. Before this record, the previous one was set in March 2024, with about 105 trillion digits. The new record of 314 trillion digits is nearly three times more! The team chose the number 314 because it matches the first three digits of pi: 3.14. Why do people keep calculating pi? "It's not just about the number itself," explained the team leader. "It's a challenge. It tests the limits of our computers and software. Each new record helps us improve computing technology." The achievement shows how far technology has come. From ancient Chinese mathematician Zu Chongzhi, who calculated pi to seven decimal places over 1,500 years ago, to today's 314 trillion digits, the journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. 41. How many digits of pi did StorageReview calculate? A. 105 trillion B. 314 trillion C. 500 trillion D. 110 trillion 42. How long did the calculation take? A. About 3 months B. About 110 days C. About 1 year D. About 105 days 43. Why did the team choose the number 314? A. It's a lucky number. B. It matches the first three digits of pi. C. It's the server model number. D. It's the team's founding year. 44. What does pi represent? A. The area of a circle B. The diameter of a circle C. The ratio of circumference to diameter D. The radius of a circle 45. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Pi is not important. B. Zu Chongzhi was the best mathematician. C. The journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. D. Computers are better than humans. 答案 41.B 42.B 43.B 44.C 45.C 详细解析 41.【解析】1. 题干提问StorageReview这家公司算出了多少位圆周率；2. 原文明确给出数值314 trillion digits；3. 干扰项区分：A选项105 trillion是上一届纪录，不是本次；D选项110 days是计算花费的时长，并非位数，容易混淆数字概念。 42.【解析】1. take表示花费（时间），句子直接说明运算耗时约110天；2. 干扰项A“大约3个月”属于近似换算，原文无3个月表述，必须严格按照原文原词选择；3. D选项105 trillion是旧纪录的位数，属于数字混淆陷阱。 43.【解析】1. because引导原因状语从句，直接给出理由：314刚好对应圆周率前三位3.14；2. 其余选项原文完全没有提及：幸运数字、服务器型号、成立年份均属于无中生有干扰项。 44.【解析】1. 核心单词释义：ratio 比值；circumference 圆周长；diameter 直径；2. 圆周率定义：圆周率是圆周长与直径的比值；干扰区分：A圆面积、B直径、D半径均不是pi的定义，属于数学概念易错点。 45.【解析】1. 段落结构：先介绍祖冲之古代算π，再对比现代314万亿位的纪录，最后总结主旨——探索圆周率的历程体现人类对知识无止境的追求；2. 逐项排除错误选项： A：完全和原文相反，文章全程说明圆周率意义重大； B：过于片面，文章只是举例提到祖冲之，并非段落核心； D：无依据，文章没有对比电脑和人类孰优孰劣。 C In 2026, China's population is about 1.413 billion. However, the country has been experiencing negative population growth for four consecutive years since 2022. The fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, far below the replacement level of 2.1 needed to keep the population stable. One of the biggest challenges China faces is aging. In 2026, over 210 million people - about 15% of the population - are aged 65 or above. By 2035, it is expected that one in every three Chinese people will be over 60. This sharp increase in the elderly population is putting pressure on healthcare and pension systems. The government has taken steps to address this issue. In 2021, China introduced the three-child policy, allowing families to have up to three children. Various provinces have also offered financial support and longer maternity leave to encourage childbirth. However, many young couples still hesitate due to high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. The population decline also affects the economy. With fewer young workers, some factories and companies are facing labour shortages. Meanwhile, the demand for elderly care services is growing sharply. Experts suggest that China needs to improve social support systems and create a more family-friendly environment to reverse the trend. 46. How many years has China experienced negative population growth by 2026? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 47. What is China's fertility rate in 2026? A. 2.1 B. 1.65 C. 1.03 D. 1.20 48. By 2035, what proportion of Chinese people will be over 60? A. About 15% B. About one in three C. About 50% D. About one in five 49. Why do many young couples hesitate to have more children? A. They don't like children. B. The government doesn't allow it. C. Because of high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. D. There aren't enough hospitals. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. China's population is the largest. B. China faces the challenge of population decline and aging. C. The three-child policy has been very successful. D. Young people don't want to work in factories. 答案 46.C 47.C 48.B 49.C 50.B 46.【解析】 1. 关键词：four consecutive years 连续四年； 2. 时间逻辑：2022年开始，到2026年一共四年； 3. 干扰项：A两年、B三年、D五年均与原文数字four不符，直接排除。 47.【解析】 1. 核心词汇 fertility rate 生育率，原文直接给出数值1.03； 2. 辨析其他数字：A选项2.1是维持人口稳定的更替标准，不是当前生育率；B、D为前文表格他国生育率，属于混淆干扰项。 48.【解析】 1. one in every three = 三分之一； 2. A选项15%是2026年65岁以上人口占比，并非2035年60岁以上比例；C、D文中无对应数据，属于无中生有。 49.【解析】 1. due to 表原因，完整列举三大压力：房价、教育开销、工作压力； 2. 错误选项分析：A文中未说不喜欢孩子；B三孩政策允许生育，和原文事实相反；D医院不足原文完全没有提到。 50.【解析】 1. 全文分层逻辑：第一段：中国人口负增长；第二段：老龄化严峻挑战；第三段：三孩政策但年轻人生育意愿低；第四段：人口减少带来经济压力；整篇围绕人口减少、老龄化两大难题展开； 2. 逐项排除：A 文章未对比各国人口总量，不是核心； 文中“年轻人仍不愿生育”说明政策效果有限，very successful表述错误；D 工厂缺劳动力只是其中一个小细节，不能概括全文主旨。 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Numbers are everywhere in our daily lives, but many people don't realize how important they really are. 51 Here are some examples. First, numbers help us understand the world. 52 Without numbers, we wouldn't know how fast the population is growing or how the economy is changing. Second, numbers are used in science and technology. 53 Scientists use numbers to measure everything from the distance between stars to the size of tiny cells. Third, numbers help us make decisions in daily life. 54 When you go shopping, you need to check prices and calculate the total cost. 55 From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, numbers are always with us. Understanding numbers is an essential skill for everyone in the 21st century. A. Statistics and data are all expressed in numbers. B. That's why learning mathematics is so important in school. C. In fact, we use numbers from the moment we are born. D. They play a much bigger role than most people think. E. Even cooking requires numbers - you need to follow the right amounts in a recipe. F. Numbers are also used in music and art. 答案 51.D 52.A 53.F 54.E 55.B 51解析 文章首句提出观点：数字充斥日常生活，但大部分人没有意识到数字的重要程度。空格后“Here are some examples”表明后文会分点举例论证观点。D选项“They play a much bigger role than most people think”译为“数字起到的作用远比大多数人想象的要大”，既呼应前一句“很多人没意识到数字重要”，又自然引出下文一系列实例，起到承上启下的过渡效果，放在段落过渡位置逻辑最通顺，其余选项无法衔接前后总起与举例的关系。 52解析 本段分论点为数字帮助我们认知世界，后文举例人口增长速度、经济变化都依靠数据。A选项“Statistics and data are all expressed in numbers”意思是统计与数据全部通过数字体现，恰好对应后文人口、经济两类数据实例，解释了数字为何能辅助我们分析世界发展变化，话题高度统一，能紧密衔接前后两句的逻辑。 53解析 本段核心主题是数字在科学技术中的运用，前文介绍科学家利用数字测量星体、微观细胞。F选项“Numbers are also used in music and art”使用also表示递进拓展，说明除自然科学外，音乐、艺术领域同样离不开数字，丰富本段论证范围，使内容层次更饱满，符合段落拓展举例的行文思路。 54解析 本段围绕日常生活中数字辅助决策展开，后文举购物核算价格的生活实例。E选项“Even cooking requires numbers - you need to follow the right amounts in a recipe”以烹饪配料用量为生活案例，和购物同属日常琐事，补充同类生活化例子，贴合本段分论点，举例类型统一，衔接自然流畅。 55解析 空格位于全文末尾，属于总结升华句。前文完整列举数字在认知世界、科技、日常生活多方面的用途，B选项“That's why learning mathematics is so important in school”进行收尾总结，前文所有实例都是学习数学、掌握数字的理由，顺势升华文章主旨，完美收束全文，符合议论文结尾总结的写作逻辑。 第三节 信息匹配 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个与数字/统计相关的职业，请根据五位同学的需求，帮助他们选出最适合的职业方向。 56. Tom is very interested in population data and wants to study how birth rates and death rates change in different countries. 57. Lily is good at mathematics and wants to use numbers to help companies manage their money and check financial records. 58. Jack loves working with data and wants to use computer programs to find patterns and trends in large amounts of information. 59. Mary wants to help insurance companies calculate risks and decide how much people should pay for their policies. 60. Kevin enjoys collecting and analyzing data about the economy. He wants to advise businesses on where to invest their money. A. Statistician - Collects and analyzes data about populations, health, and social trends. B. Accountant - Checks financial records, manages budgets, and ensures accuracy. C. Demographer - Studies population changes including birth rates, death rates, and migration. D. Financial Analyst - Studies economic data and market trends to advise on investments. E. Data Scientist - Uses computer programs and mathematics to analyze large amounts of data. F. Actuary - Uses mathematics and statistics to calculate risks for insurance companies. 答案 56.C 57.B 58.E 59.F 60.D 56解析 Tom的核心需求关键词：population data、birth rates、death rates（人口数据、出生率、死亡率）。C选项Demographer人口统计学家，工作内容专门研究人口变化、出生率、死亡率、人口迁移，和Tom的研究方向完全匹配。A选项统计学家范围宽泛，没有专门聚焦人口生育相关指标，不如C精准，因此选C。 57解析 Lily需求关键点：管理公司资金、核对财务记录。B选项Accountant会计，工作职责为核对财务账目、管理预算、保证财务数据准确，完全对应她的诉求。其余职业均不处理企业日常财务，故答案为B。 58解析 Jack需求：处理海量数据、运用电脑程序挖掘规律趋势。E选项Data Scientist数据科学家，依靠计算机与数学分析海量信息、挖掘数据模式，和Jack的兴趣完全契合，其他职业不侧重编程处理大数据，选E。 59解析 Mary目标：为保险公司测算风险、制定保费。F选项Actuary精算师，利用数学和统计学为保险行业计算风险，专门对应保险行业风险测算工作，匹配度最高，选F。 60解析 Kevin需求：分析经济数据，为企业投资提供建议。D选项Financial Analyst金融分析师，研究经济与市场走势，给企业提供投资参考，完全贴合他的需求。B会计只负责记账，不做投资分析，因此选D。 五、语篇填词(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Last month, our teacher taught us how to manage money. She said it was important for every student to learn about b 61 . First, she asked us to write down all our expenses and c 62 them carefully. "You should know exactly how much you spend and what you spend it on," she said. I was surprised to find that I spent about thirty p 63 cent of my pocket money on snacks! "That's too much," my teacher said. "You should try to save at least twenty per cent." She also told us that prices often go u 64 over time, so we should plan ahead. "If the price of something goes d 65 , that's a good time to buy," she added. Now I check my budget every week and save more money than before. My teacher was pleased with my progress. She also reminded us that saving money is a good habit that will benefit us in the future. 答案 61. budget 62. calculate 63. per 64. up 65. down 61解析【答案】budget空格前为介词about，后面需要填写名词；前文话题是理财、管理钱财，结合首字母b，budget作名词意为“预算”，learn about budget 表示学习理财预算，贴合全文存钱、记录开销的主题，符合语境。 62解析【答案】calculate本句由and连接两个并列动词短语to write down and ____ them，空格与write down并列，都用动词原形；句意：记下所有开销并仔细计算，结合首字母c，calculate 动词“计算”，符合记录开支需要核算的文意。 63解析【答案】固定搭配 per cent = percent，意为百分之……，thirty per cent 百分之三十，是英语表达百分比标准写法，首字母p，固定短语，用来描述零花钱花在零食上的占比。 64解析【答案】up固定动词短语 go up 表示（价格）上涨；句子意为物价通常会随着时间上涨，结合后文提前规划存钱的建议，逻辑通顺，首字母u匹配短语搭配。 65解析【答案】down固定动词短语 go down 表示（价格）下降；前文说物价会上涨，本句转折，如果物价下跌就是采购的好时机，go up 和 go down 是一组反义价格短语，首字母d，贴合上下文对比逻辑。 六、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Dear Diary, Today our class learned about the history of numbers. I didn't know that different cultures 66 (have) different number systems in the past. Our teacher, Ms Wang, told us that the ancient 67 (Egypt) used picture symbols to represent numbers. Then she talked about the Babylonian system, which 68 (use) wedge-shaped marks. The Roman number system is still 69 (wide) used today - you can see Roman numerals on clocks and in book chapters. 70 , the most commonly used number system in the world is the Hindu-Arabic system. This system 71 (include) ten digits from 0 to 9. The 72 (invent) of zero was a huge breakthrough. Before zero, people had great difficulty 73 (do) complex calculations. An Indian mathematician named Brahmagupta was one of the 74 (one) to explain the rules for using zero. Ms Wang also said that numbers 75 (be) more than just tools for counting. They represent human wisdom and creativity. 答案 66. had 67. Egyptians 68. used 69. widely 70. However 71. includes 72. invention 73. doing 74. first 75. are 66【解析】括号给出动词have，从句时间状语in the past表示“在过去”，描述古代不同文明的情况，时态要用一般过去时，have的过去式为had，因此填had。 67【解析】括号单词Egypt是国家名词“埃及”，本句指古埃及人使用图画符号，需要变为指人的复数名词Egyptians，表示“埃及人”。 68【解析】which引导定语，指代古巴比伦数字体系，这件事发生在古代，属于过去的事情，动词use使用一般过去式used。 69【解析】括号wide是形容词，本空修饰动词used，修饰动词必须用副词，wide的副词形式是widely，widely used意为“被广泛使用”。 70【解析】前文说罗马数字至今仍在使用，后文讲全球最通用的是阿拉伯数字，前后存在转折逻辑，空格位于句首，需大写首字母，填转折连词However。 71【解析】主语This system（这套数字体系）是单数，句子介绍客观常识，时态为一般现在时，动词include变为三单形式includes。 72【解析】空格前有定冠词The，后面有介词of，此处需要名词；invent是动词，对应的名词形式invention意为“发明”，the invention of zero即“零的发明”。 73【解析】固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth. 表示“做某事有困难”，介词in可以省略，后面动词要变为动名词形式，因此填doing。 74【解析】固定结构one of + the + 序数词 + 名词复数，表示“……之一”，one of the first people意为“最早的人之一”，基数one转换为序数词first。 75【解析】宾语从句主语numbers是复数，本句是老师阐述客观观点，用一般现在时，be动词选用are。 七、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 76.他毫不犹豫地接受了挑战。 He accepted the challenge_____________. 77.请把这些数字写下来。 Please_____________ these numbers. 78.今年物价上涨了很多。 Prices have_____________ a lot this year. 79.我们用数字来代表不同的数量。 We use numbers to_____________ different quantities. 80.人口变化对经济有重要影响。 Population change_____________ the economy. 答案 76. without hesitation 77. write down 78. gone up 79. stand for 80. has an important influence 76解析【答案】without hesitation 本题考察固定介词短语。without 表示“没有”，hesitation 是名词“犹豫”；without hesitation 是初中核心固定搭配，含义为“毫不犹豫地”，在句中作方式状语，对应中文“毫不犹豫”。 77解析【答案】write down 本题考察动词固定短语。write down 意为“写下、记下”；本句为祈使句，please 后直接跟动词原形，所以填动词原形短语 write down。 78解析【答案】gone up 本题考察现在完成时+价格固定搭配。go up 专门用于表示“（物价、价格）上涨”；句中有助动词 have，现在完成时结构为 have + 动词过去分词，go 的过去分词是 gone，因此填 gone up。 79解析【答案】stand for 本题考察动词短语。stand for 含义是“代表、象征”；固定结构 use sth. to do sth.（用某物去做某事），to 后面必须使用动词原形，因此填 stand for。 80解析【答案】has an important influence on 本题考察固定搭配 have an important influence on，意为“对……有重要影响”。主语 Population change 是单数名词，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词 have 变形为第三人称单数 has，介词 on 不能省略。 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。请根据以下提示，写一篇关于人口变化的报告（A report on population change），80词左右，可适当发挥。 提示： 1. 中国人口约14.13亿，但近年来人口出现负增长； 2. 老龄化问题严重，65岁以上人口超过2.1亿； 3. 政府出台了三孩政策来应对这一问题； 4. 我认为...... ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 A report on population change Now China has a population of around 1.413 billion. However, our country has seen negative population growth in recent years. The aging problem becomes serious. More than 210 million people are over 65 years old. To solve this problem, the government carried out the three-child policy in 2021. In my opinion, more useful measures are needed. The government should cut education and housing costs to encourage young families to have more children. Only in this way can we deal with the aging challenge well. 完整写作解析 1. 词数：102 词，符合 80 词左右要求，全部覆盖 4 个写作要点； 2. 时态：客观数据一般现在时，政策出台用过去时，个人观点用一般现在时； 3. 单元核心短语：negative population growth 负增长；carry out policy 出台政策；deal with 应对； 4. 提分结构：倒装句 Only in this way… 提升作文档次； 5. 行文逻辑：数据现状→老龄化难题→国家政策→个人建议，层次清晰。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·基础卷（参考答案） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分) 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 二、语法选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 四、阅读（共三节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) (A)36-40 BBACC (B)41-45 BBCBC (C)46-50 CCBAB 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 51. D 52. A 53. F 54. E 55. B 第三节 信息匹配 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 56. C 57. B 58. E 59. F 60. D 五、语篇填词(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 61. (b)udget 62. (c)alculate 63. (p)ercent 64. (u)p 65. (d)own 六、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 66. had 67. Egyptians 68. used 69. widely 70. However 71. includes 72. invention 73. doing 74. first 75. are 七、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 76. without hesitation 77. write down 78. gone up 79. stand for 80. has an important influence on 八、书面表达。(共15分) Numbers play an important role in our daily lives, and population change is a topic worth paying attention to. China's population is about 1.413 billion, but in recent years, the population has experienced negative growth. The fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, far below the replacement level. This is a serious problem that we need to face. Another challenge is aging. Over 210 million people, about 15% of the population, are aged 65 or above. This puts pressure on healthcare and pension systems. To address this issue, the government has introduced the three-child policy, allowing families to have up to three children. Some provinces also offer financial support and longer maternity leave. In my opinion, we should understand the importance of population issues. The government needs to create a better environment for young couples, and we should also care about the elderly in our society. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit 2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分) 1. The population of China is about 1.413 ________. That's a huge number! A. billion B. millions C. thousand D. hundred 2. The old man invented chess and the king promised to give him a ________. A. challenge B. prize C. chessboard D. schedule 3. The teacher asked us to write ________ the numbers from one to one hundred. A. down B. up C. in D. on 4. Numbers play an important ________ in our daily lives. A. game B. rule C. role D. part 5. The price of food has gone ________ sharply this year. A. down B. up C. out D. off 6. There are ________ people in the world now - over 8 billion! A. current B. currently C. cure D. curious 7. When the teacher asked the question, Tom raised his hand ________ hesitation. A. with B. without C. in D. for 8. The 2026 population of India is ________ than that of China. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 9. The king ________ to give the old man anything he wanted. A. agreed B. argued C. arrived D. answered 10. We should use numbers ________ to avoid mistakes in calculations. A. exactly B. exactly not C. exact D. more exact 二、语法选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) Last week, our class learned about world population. Our teacher, Ms Wang, showed us some amazing numbers. She said, "The world population is over 8 11 people now." She told us that there 12 about 1.4 billion people in China. "Is there 13 country with more people?" asked Tom. "Yes," Ms Wang replied. "India has a 14 population than China now." She explained that in the past, the world 15 a much smaller population in the past. "How 16 people were there in the world in 1900?" asked Lily. "About 1.6 billion," said Ms Wang. "That is 17 smaller than today." She also told us that 18 countries have high birth rates. "For example, Nigeria's population is growing 19 than most other countries." Ms Wang asked us to write 20 report about population. She said, "You 21 include at least three facts." She told 22 not to copy from the Internet. "You 23 use books and encyclopaedias too," she added. "Is there 24 else you want to know?" she asked. " 25 is more interesting than numbers!" said Tom, and everyone laughed. 11. A. billion B. billions C. billions of D. billion of 12. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. A. some B. any C. no D. much 14. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 15. A. has B. had C. is having D. will have 16. A. much B. many C. more D. most 17. A. very B. much C. more D. most 18. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 19. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 20. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 21. A. can B. must C. should D. may 22. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 23. A. can B. must C. should D. need 24. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 25. A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 Long ago in India, a wise old man invented the game of chess. When he showed it to the king, the king was 26 . "This is a wonderful 27 !" the king said. "I will give you a 28 . Ask for anything you want." The old man thought for a moment. Then, without 29 , he said, "I only want some wheat. Please put one grain on the first square of the chessboard, two on the second, four on the third, and so on. Each square should have twice as many grains as the one before." The king 30 . "What a small request!" he thought. He 31 to give the old man the grain right away. However, when the king's men started to 32 the grains, they found a huge problem. On the tenth square, there were already 512 grains. By the twentieth square, the number was over one million! By the 33 square, the king would need more wheat than existed in his entire kingdom. The king 34 that the old man was much cleverer than he had thought. He 35 his promise but learned an important lesson: never underestimate the power of numbers. 26. A. bored B. excited C. tired D. worried 27. A. game B. story C. picture D. lesson 28. A. challenge B. chance C. prize D. promise 29. A. thinking B. hesitation C. waiting D. stopping 30. A. agreed B. laughed C. cried D. shouted 31. A. refused B. promised C. forgot D. remembered 32. A. buy B. sell C. count D. eat 33. A. forty B. fortieth C. fourteen D. fourteenth 34. A. realized B. forgot C. doubted D. wondered 35. A. broke B. kept C. changed D. made 四、阅读（共三节，共35分） 第一节 阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Country Population (2026) Growth Rate Birth Rate (per 1000) Median Age Fertility Rate India 1.44 billion +0.81% 17.0 28.7 2.03 China 1.413 billion -0.07% 6.4 39.5 1.03 USA 340 million +0.53% 11.0 38.3 1.66 Indonesia 279 million +0.74% 15.8 30.2 2.18 Brazil 216 million +0.45% 13.3 34.3 1.65 Nigeria 235 million +2.41% 36.0 18.4 5.24 Japan 123 million -0.53% 6.3 49.1 1.20 36. Which country has the largest population in 2026? A. China B. India C. USA D. Nigeria 37. Which country has a decreasing population? A. India and Nigeria B. China and Japan C. USA and Brazil D. Indonesia and Brazil 38. Which country has the highest birth rate? A. Nigeria B. India C. Indonesia D. Brazil 39. What is the median age of Japan? A. 28.7 B. 34.3 C. 38.3 D. 49.1 40. Which country has the youngest population? A. Japan B. China C. Nigeria D. USA B In November 2025, a company called StorageReview set a new Guinness World Record by calculating pi to 314 trillion digits. The calculation was done using a single Dell PowerEdge server and took about 110 days to complete. Pi is one of the most famous numbers in mathematics. It represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. The value of pi starts as 3.14159... and continues forever without repeating. Scientists have been calculating more and more digits of pi for hundreds of years. Before this record, the previous one was set in March 2024, with about 105 trillion digits. The new record of 314 trillion digits is nearly three times more! The team chose the number 314 because it matches the first three digits of pi: 3.14. Why do people keep calculating pi? "It's not just about the number itself," explained the team leader. "It's a challenge. It tests the limits of our computers and software. Each new record helps us improve computing technology." The achievement shows how far technology has come. From ancient Chinese mathematician Zu Chongzhi, who calculated pi to seven decimal places over 1,500 years ago, to today's 314 trillion digits, the journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. 41. How many digits of pi did StorageReview calculate? A. 105 trillion B. 314 trillion C. 500 trillion D. 110 trillion 42. How long did the calculation take? A. About 3 months B. About 110 days C. About 1 year D. About 105 days 43. Why did the team choose the number 314? A. It's a lucky number. B. It matches the first three digits of pi. C. It's the server model number. D. It's the team's founding year. 44. What does pi represent? A. The area of a circle B. The diameter of a circle C. The ratio of circumference to diameter D. The radius of a circle 45. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Pi is not important. B. Zu Chongzhi was the best mathematician. C. The journey of pi reflects humanity's endless pursuit of knowledge. D. Computers are better than humans. C In 2026, China's population is about 1.413 billion. However, the country has been experiencing negative population growth for four consecutive years since 2022. The fertility rate has dropped to about 1.03, far below the replacement level of 2.1 needed to keep the population stable. One of the biggest challenges China faces is aging. In 2026, over 210 million people - about 15% of the population - are aged 65 or above. By 2035, it is expected that one in every three Chinese people will be over 60. This sharp increase in the elderly population is putting pressure on healthcare and pension systems. The government has taken steps to address this issue. In 2021, China introduced the three-child policy, allowing families to have up to three children. Various provinces have also offered financial support and longer maternity leave to encourage childbirth. However, many young couples still hesitate due to high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. The population decline also affects the economy. With fewer young workers, some factories and companies are facing labour shortages. Meanwhile, the demand for elderly care services is growing sharply. Experts suggest that China needs to improve social support systems and create a more family-friendly environment to reverse the trend. 46. How many years has China experienced negative population growth by 2026? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 47. What is China's fertility rate in 2026? A. 2.1 B. 1.65 C. 1.03 D. 1.20 48. By 2035, what proportion of Chinese people will be over 60? A. About 15% B. About one in three C. About 50% D. About one in five 49. Why do many young couples hesitate to have more children? A. They don't like children. B. The government doesn't allow it. C. Because of high housing costs, education expenses, and work pressure. D. There aren't enough hospitals. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. China's population is the largest. B. China faces the challenge of population decline and aging. C. The three-child policy has been very successful. D. Young people don't want to work in factories. 第二节 阅读填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Numbers are everywhere in our daily lives, but many people don't realize how important they really are. 51 Here are some examples. First, numbers help us understand the world. 52 Without numbers, we wouldn't know how fast the population is growing or how the economy is changing. Second, numbers are used in science and technology. 53 Scientists use numbers to measure everything from the distance between stars to the size of tiny cells. Third, numbers help us make decisions in daily life. 54 When you go shopping, you need to check prices and calculate the total cost. 55 From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, numbers are always with us. Understanding numbers is an essential skill for everyone in the 21st century. A. Statistics and data are all expressed in numbers. B. That's why learning mathematics is so important in school. C. In fact, we use numbers from the moment we are born. D. They play a much bigger role than most people think. E. Even cooking requires numbers - you need to follow the right amounts in a recipe. F. Numbers are also used in music and art. 第三节 信息匹配 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六个与数字/统计相关的职业，请根据五位同学的需求，帮助他们选出最适合的职业方向。 56. Tom is very interested in population data and wants to study how birth rates and death rates change in different countries. 57. Lily is good at mathematics and wants to use numbers to help companies manage their money and check financial records. 58. Jack loves working with data and wants to use computer programs to find patterns and trends in large amounts of information. 59. Mary wants to help insurance companies calculate risks and decide how much people should pay for their policies. 60. Kevin enjoys collecting and analyzing data about the economy. He wants to advise businesses on where to invest their money. A. Statistician - Collects and analyzes data about populations, health, and social trends. B. Accountant - Checks financial records, manages budgets, and ensures accuracy. C. Demographer - Studies population changes including birth rates, death rates, and migration. D. Financial Analyst - Studies economic data and market trends to advise on investments. E. Data Scientist - Uses computer programs and mathematics to analyze large amounts of data. F. Actuary - Uses mathematics and statistics to calculate risks for insurance companies. 五、语篇填词(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Last month, our teacher taught us how to manage money. She said it was important for every student to learn about b 61 . First, she asked us to write down all our expenses and c 62 them carefully. "You should know exactly how much you spend and what you spend it on," she said. I was surprised to find that I spent about thirty p 63 cent of my pocket money on snacks! "That's too much," my teacher said. "You should try to save at least twenty per cent." She also told us that prices often go u 64 over time, so we should plan ahead. "If the price of something goes d 65 , that's a good time to buy," she added. Now I check my budget every week and save more money than before. My teacher was pleased with my progress. She also reminded us that saving money is a good habit that will benefit us in the future. 六、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Dear Diary, Today our class learned about the history of numbers. I didn't know that different cultures 66 (have) different number systems in the past. Our teacher, Ms Wang, told us that the ancient 67 (Egypt) used picture symbols to represent numbers. Then she talked about the Babylonian system, which 68 (use) wedge-shaped marks. The Roman number system is still 69 (wide) used today - you can see Roman numerals on clocks and in book chapters. 70 , the most commonly used number system in the world is the Hindu-Arabic system. This system 71 (include) ten digits from 0 to 9. The 72 (invent) of zero was a huge breakthrough. Before zero, people had great difficulty 73 (do) complex calculations. An Indian mathematician named Brahmagupta was one of the 74 (one) to explain the rules for using zero. Ms Wang also said that numbers 75 (be) more than just tools for counting. They represent human wisdom and creativity. 七、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 76.他毫不犹豫地接受了挑战。 He accepted the challenge_____________. 77.请把这些数字写下来。 Please_____________ these numbers. 78.今年物价上涨了很多。 Prices have_____________ a lot this year. 79.我们用数字来代表不同的数量。 We use numbers to_____________ different quantities. 80.人口变化对经济有重要影响。 Population change_____________ the economy. 八、书面表达。(共15分) 数字在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。请根据以下提示，写一篇关于人口变化的报告（A report on population change），80词左右，可适当发挥。 提示： 1. 中国人口约14.13亿，但近年来人口出现负增长； 2. 老龄化问题严重，65岁以上人口超过2.1亿； 3. 政府出台了三孩政策来应对这一问题； 4. 我认为...... ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $