Unit 2 Amazing numbers 人与社会：奇妙的数字（单元阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“数字”为主题，整合时文、真题与模拟阅读，通过说明文语篇构建“应用-历史-文化-科技”知识链，融合词汇语法解析，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇（数字应用、罗马与阿拉伯数字）|说明文阅读理解|从生活应用切入，介绍数字在科学、健康及日常中的作用，延伸至数字系统演变| |真题示例|2篇（神奇数字6174、AI与数据）|说明文阅读理解|聚焦特殊数字现象与现代科技，体现数字的趣味性与实用性| |模拟演练|4篇（数字“三”、圆周率日、数字文化、计数演变）|说明文阅读（含阅读还原、完形填空）|覆盖文化寓意、节日意义及计数历史，形成从具体到抽象的认知逻辑|

Unit Amazing numbers 奇妙的数字 单元阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 227 介绍了数字在生活中的多方面应用。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 231 介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的相关信息，包括罗马数字的计数方式、阿拉伯数字的起源与传播等。 真题示例 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 300 介绍了数字6174是一个神奇的数字。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 276 介绍了AI如何通过数据来“看”世界。 模拟演练 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 375 介绍了数字“三”的魔力。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 330 介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动及其背后的文化意义。 Passage 3 阅读还原 说明文 240 介绍了数字在文化中的特殊意义以及它们在网站名称中的应用。 Passage 4 完形填空 说明文 258 介绍了从古代到现在用数字表示东西多少的演变过程。 · God made the integers; all else is the work of man. – Leopold Kronecker 上帝创造了整数，其余皆是人为。——利奥波德·克罗内克（数学家） · Everything is number. – Pythagoras 万物皆数。——毕达哥拉斯（哲学家、数学家） · Mathematics is the queen of the sciences and arithmetic is the queen of mathematics. – Carl Friedrich Gauss 数学是科学之王，而算术是数学之王。——卡尔·弗里德里希·高斯（数学家） · There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics. – Benjamin Disraeli 世上有三种谎言：谎言、该死的谎言和统计数字。——本杰明·迪斯雷利 · One is never afraid of the unknown; one is afraid of the known coming to an end. – Jiddu Krishnamurti 人从不害怕未知，人害怕的是已知事物的终结。（强调“一”与“终”的概念）——吉杜·克里希那穆提 · Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe. – Albert Einstein 有两样东西是无穷无尽的：宇宙和人类的愚蠢；而且我对宇宙是否无穷无尽还不敢确定。——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（物理学家） · Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world. – Archimedes 给我一个足够长的杠杆和一个支点，我就能撬动地球。——阿基米德（数学家、物理学家） · Three can keep a secret, if two of them are dead. – Benjamin Franklin 三个人能保守秘密，前提是其中两个已经死了。——本杰明·富兰克林（政治家、科学家） · The first principle is that you must not fool yourself—and you are the easiest person to fool. – Richard Feynman 首要原则是你不能愚弄自己——而你自己是最容易被愚弄的人。——理查德·费曼（物理学家） · Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation... – Abraham Lincoln 八十七年前（四个二十加七年），我们的先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家……——亚伯拉罕·林肯 · Fifty percent of being smart is knowing what you're dumb at. – Sol Hurok 聪明的百分之五十在于知道自己哪里笨。——索尔·休洛克 · Six essential qualities that are the key to success: Sincerity, personal integrity, humility, courtesy, wisdom, charity. – William Menninger 通往成功的六个关键品质：真诚、个人正直、谦逊、礼貌、智慧、仁慈。——威廉·梅宁格 · Seven habits of highly effective people. – Stephen Covey 高效能人士的七个习惯。（虽是书名，已成为现代管理学名言）——史蒂芬·柯维（教育家） · Eighty percent of success is showing up. – Woody Allen 成功的百分之八十在于现身（参与）。——伍迪·艾伦 · A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. – Lao Tzu 千里之行，始于足下。——老子 Passage A（数字应用） ①Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems. Science & Health ②Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ ③Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well. Everyday Uses ④We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes. On the road, signs like “60 km/h” tell drivers the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. ⑤There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky. ⑥Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1. Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ” ? A. Numbers in Art. B. Numbers for Fun. C. Numbers and Cultures. D. Numbers for Decisions. 2. Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A. To find out popular products easily. B. To count how many products they have. C. To check if people pay the right money. D. To make the prices of their products higher. 3. What can we know according to Paragraph 4? A. We don’t need numbers when baking a cake. B. Clothes will be cheaper if there is a 20% discount. C. The number of people can decide how many schools to build. D. Numbers are useless for the drivers on the road. 4. Why do people like the number “8” in China? A. Because they believe that it is easy to write. B. Because they believe that it can help people make money. C. Because they believe that it can bring good luck. D. Because they believe that it can help people remember dates. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B. Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C. Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D. People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. 【答案与解析】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字在生活中的多方面应用，包括科学与健康、决策制定、日常用途以及文化中的意义等，强调了数字是世界的特殊语言，帮助我们描述一切。 1. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Numbers tell us about people...Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.”可知，本段主要讲述了数字在决策制定方面的作用，如领导者根据人口数字决定建多少学校，在困难时期根据数字决定所需食物和药品数量，商店根据数字了解哪些产品畅销等。所以“Numbers for Decisions”最适合放在“ ▲ ”处。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.”可知，商店使用数字是为了轻松找出受欢迎的产品。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes.”可知，如果有20%的折扣，衣服会更便宜。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据第五段“In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune.”可知，在中国人们喜欢数字“8”是因为他们认为它能带来好运。故选C。 5. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了数字在生活的不同方面都发挥着重要作用，包括科学与健康、决策制定、日常用途以及文化意义等。故选A。 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第二句） Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won't fall down. 译文：建筑工人们使用像 3.14 (π) 这样的特殊数字来建造不会倒塌的坚固桥梁。 分析：本句包含不定式作目的状语和定语从句。to make strong bridges 是动词不定式短语作目的状语，解释了使用特殊数字的目的；that won't fall down 是由 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 bridges，具体说明了桥梁的特性（坚固、不倒塌）。 原句：（第三段第四句） In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. 译文：在困难时期，数字有助于决定需要多少食物或药品。 分析：本句包含一个宾语从句。help decide 后省略了宾语（或者理解为 help [people] decide），紧接着 how much food or medicine is needed 是一个由 how much 引导的宾语从句，作为 decide 的宾语，说明了决定的具体内容是关于食物或药品的需求量。 译文 ①数字在我们的世界中无处不在。它们的作用远不止数数。它们帮助我们理解生活并解决难题。 科学与健康 ②数字让我们保持安全和健康。建筑工人使用像 3.14 (π) 这样的特殊数字来建造不会倒塌的坚固桥梁。医生使用像 37°C（正常体温）和每分钟 60-100 次（正常心跳）这样的数字来检查健康状况。▲ ③数字告诉我们关于人的信息。你知道亚洲大约有 48 亿人口吗？这超过了地球总人口的一半！领导人利用这些数字来决定建造多少学校。在困难时期，数字有助于决定需要多少食物或药品。商店甚至利用数字来了解哪些产品畅销。 日常用途 ④我们每天都看到数字。烤蛋糕时，你需要两倍于糖的面粉。在商店里，20% 的折扣意味着你可以花更少的钱买衣服。在路上，像“60 km/h”这样的标志告诉司机最大速度。日期也使用数字，比如“6月26日”。 ⑤关于数字还有一些有趣的事实。人们对某些数字有不同的看法。在中国，人们相信数字 8 意味着好运。同时，在一些西方国家，人们认为 13 是不吉利的。 ⑥数字帮助我们描述一切——从微小的事物到巨大的恒星。它们是世界通用的特殊语言。 重难点词汇 billion / ˈbɪljən / num. 十亿 normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的，标准的 fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 财富，运气，命运 Passage B（罗马和阿拉伯数字） Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1. Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A. L. B. M. C. V. D. X. 2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Arabic numerals. B. Watches and clocks. C. Zero. D. Roman numerals. 3. What do we know about Arabic numerals? A. People in Rome didn’t use them. B. Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C. Only Arabic people use them today. D. “0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4. Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A. Because they are not easy to write and count. B. Because there are no Romans anymore. C. Because the numbers look stupid. D. Because they are hard to remember. 5. In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A. b—c—a—d B. b—a—c—d C. d—b—a—c D. d—c—b—a 【答案与解析】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 本文主要介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的相关信息，包括罗马数字的计数方式、阿拉伯数字的起源与传播等。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are ‘I, II, III, IV, V...’”可知，罗马数字中“V”表示5。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks.”可知，them指代前文提到的“Roman numerals (罗马数字)”，因为罗马数字没有零，且难以书写和计数，所以现在很少有人使用。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals.”以及“But there is no zero in Roman numerals.”可知，阿拉伯数字中包含“0”，而罗马数字中没有。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count.”可知，如今很少有人使用罗马数字是因为它们难以书写和计数。故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据“In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot.”可知，印度人首创阿拉伯数字，阿拉伯人后来了解了它们，并将其带入欧洲，最后全世界都在使用阿拉伯数字。因此，正确顺序为b—a—c—d。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第三句） But it's not the only number system that people use. 译文：但这并不是人们使用的唯一数字系统。 分析：本句包含一个由 that 引导的定语从句。it's not the only number system 是主句，其中 the only 是先行词的修饰语；that people use 是定语从句，修饰先行词 number system。当先行词被 the only, the very, the last 等词修饰时，关系代词通常只能用 that 而不用 which。 原句：（第三段第三句）Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. 译文：如今，很少有人使用它们（罗马数字），因为它们既难写又难数。 分析：本句是一个由 because 引导的原因状语从句构成的复合句。主句是 Today, few people use them，注意这里的 few 表示否定含义，意为“很少，几乎没有”；从句 because they are difficult to write and count 解释了没人使用的原因。其中 be difficult to do sth. 是常用句型，意为“做某事很困难”，动词不定式 to write and count 用主动形式表示被动含义（即“很难被书写和计算”）。 译文 你很熟悉数字 0—9 吗？它们是阿拉伯数字。现在人们用它们来标记数字。但这并不是人们使用的唯一数字系统。 大约 2500 年前，罗马人用手来计数。在罗马数字中，一根手指表示 1，两根手指表示 2，三根手指表示 3，四根手指表示 4。如果你想表示 5，你可以把四根手指并拢放在一边，拇指放在另一边。让你的每只手都表示 5，这样你就有了 10。所以在罗马，数字是 “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”。此外，“L” 表示五十，“C” 表示一百。 “D” 表示五百，“M” 表示一千。但是罗马数字中没有零。今天，很少有人使用它们，因为它们既难写又难数。但我们仍然可以在一些手表和时钟上看到它们。 今天，大多数人都使用阿拉伯数字。它们容易记忆和书写。它们帮助人们每天清点物品。事实上，是印度人首先创造并使用了阿拉伯数字。在 8 世纪后期，阿拉伯国家的人了解了它们。然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲。所以欧洲人称它们为阿拉伯数字。今天，世界各地的人们都在使用阿拉伯数字，它们帮了大忙。 重难点词汇 Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. 阿拉伯的 numeral /ˈnjuːmərəl/ n. 数字，数词 1. Numbers are not just cold symbols for calculation; they are the secret codes hidden in nature’s beauty.（数字不仅仅是冰冷的计算符号，它们是隐藏在自然之美中的秘密代码。） 2. From the lucky number eight in Chinese culture to the unlucky thirteen in the West, numbers carry different emotions and stories.（从中国文化中吉祥的“八”到西方文化中不祥的“十三”，数字承载着不同的情感和故事。） 3. Zero seems like nothing, but without it, our modern world of computers and technology would simply not exist.（“零”看起来像是什么都没有，但如果没有它，我们要依赖计算机和科技的现代世界根本无法存在。） 4. The number three appears everywhere in storytelling: three little pigs, three wishes, and three musketeers make stories feel complete.（数字“三”出现在故事的方方面面：三只小猪、三个愿望和三剑客，它让故事听起来更加完整。） 5. In sports, the difference between winning gold and silver can come down to a tiny decimal point, showing how precise numbers can be.（在体育比赛中，金牌和银牌的差距往往取决于一个小小的小数点，这展示了数字是多么精准。） 6. We use numbers to measure time, distance, and weight, but we also use them to count our blessings and cherish memories.（我们用数字来衡量时间、距离和重量，但也用它们来计算我们的福气并珍藏回忆。） 7. A single digit can change everything; adding a zero behind a one turns it into ten, multiplying its value instantly.（一个单独的数字就能改变一切；在“1”后面加一个“0”就变成了“10”，瞬间让它的价值翻倍。） 8. Learning about magic numbers isn't just about memorizing formulas; it's about discovering the rhythm of the world.（了解神奇的数字不仅仅是背诵公式，更是为了发现这个世界的节奏。） 9. Whether it is your age or your favorite jersey number, specific numbers hold a unique place in our personal histories.（无论是你的年龄还是你最喜欢的球衣号码，特定的数字在我们的个人历史中都占据着独特的位置。） Passage 1 （2024·福建福州模拟考） Take a pen and write the number 6174 on a piece of paper. It looks just like any other number, doesn’t it? But what if I told you that it was a magic number? Do you think this is a joke? Well, let’s see the magic with a quick experiment (实验). Start with a four-digit (四位) number — make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113. Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354. Go back to the second step and repeat the process: 6543-3456 = 3087 ▶ 8730-0378 = 8352 ▶ 8532-2358 = 6174 Ta-da! There you have it: 6174! You can repeat this experiment with another number. What do you end up with? Is it 6174? This number is known as Kaprekar’s constant. It is named after the Indian mathematician Dattatreya Ramchandra Kaprekar. He discovered the magic behind this number in 1949 after performing the above process. Kaprekar had always enjoyed playing with numbers. But when he showed the magic of 6174 at an international mathematics meeting, other mathematicians didn’t roll out the red carpet. They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him. Yet to this day, no scientist can fully explain why this magic works. Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least? 1. Which of the following is suitable for the experiment? A. 1111. B. 1112. C. 1113. D. 6566. 2. If the number for the experiment is 2025, which of the following is the next step? A. 5220-0225 B. 5220-2520 C. 2025-0252 D. 2025-0225 3. What does the underlined part “roll out the red carpet” probably mean? A. Show their opinions. B. Talk loudly. C. Express their welcome. D. Understand clearly. 4. What does the writer think of this experiment? A. It’s useless. B. It’s worth studying. C. It’s explainable. D. It’s hard to carry out. 5. What’s the best title of the text? A. A Magic Number B. A Math Competition C. A Great Scientist D. An International Discovery 【答案与解析】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 本文主要介绍了数字6174是一个神奇的数字，通过对任意一个符合条件的四位数进行特定的运算步骤，最终都会得到6174，这个数字被称为卡普雷卡尔常数，同时还讲述了其发现者卡普雷卡尔的相关故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“ ... make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113.”可知，确保至少有两个数位上的数字不同，并且如果有三个数字相同，那么另一个数字与这三个相同数字的差值不能为1，因此1113符合条件。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354.”可知，对于数字2025，要得到下一步，需先组成最小的数0225，最大的数5220，然后用较大数减去较小数，即5220-0225。故选A。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him.” 可知，其他数学家认为这是无用的发现并嘲笑他，并没有欢迎他的发现，由此可推测“roll out the red carpet”意思是表达欢迎。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least?”可知，作者鼓励读者深入研究这个实验，说明作者认为这个实验值得研究。故选B。 5. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了6174这个神奇的数字以及与之相关的实验和故事，选项A“一个神奇的数字”最能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （2026·河南永城模拟考） Have you ever wondered how AI “sees” the world? Unlike humans, AI has no eyes, ears, or nose to learn about the world. Instead, it uses a special way to “know” things—through the data (数据) we provide. If we feed it photos, it learns from the colors and shapes. If we give it sound, it studies the sound waves. AI has no feelings. It doesn’t feel hunger, cold, or fear. It never lies awake at night, worrying about a test. Since it has no body, it has no real-life experiences. However, AI can still help us understand the world. It can look at millions of pictures in one minute and find the cat among them. It can read a long story very quickly and tell us the main idea. It can even predict tomorrow’s weather by processing (处理) today’s data. All of these abilities rest on one simple truth: AI is only as good as what we feed it. We have to remember the rule: Garbage in, garbage out. If we provide AI with wrong or messy data, the answers will be wrong or messy. If we give it exact data, the answers can be clear. The better the data, the clearer its “vision (视觉)”. So, AI’s “eye” is the data we share. We are the ones who open or close that “eye”. Use it carefully, and AI becomes a bright flashlight (手电筒) in a dark room. Use it carelessly, and it’s only a broken mirror. The choice is always ours—set clear goals, check the facts, and decide what “good” should look like. 1. What does Paragraph 1 tell us? A. Why AI is smart. B. What data AI needs. C. What AI can and cannot do. D. How AI learns about the world. 2. How does the writer introduce the ways that AI helps us? A. By explaining reasons. B. By providing examples. C. By answering questions. D. By describing experiences. 3. What does the underlined part “Garbage in, garbage out.” mean? A. Wrong data leads to wrong answers. B. Messy data is as useless as garbage. C. AI is good at dealing with messy data. D. AI can turn useless data into useful information. 4. Why does the writer compare AI to a flashlight and a broken mirror? A. To compare AI to humans. B. To tell the importance of AI. C. To explain how AI deals with data. D. To encourage the careful use of AI. 5. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Future of AI B. AI: A Fast Learner C. The Everyday Use of AI D. AI: Seeing Through Data 【答案与解析】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了AI如何通过数据来“看”世界，说明AI没有感官和情感，它通过我们提供的数据来学习和理解世界，并强调了数据质量对AI输出结果的重要性，最后呼吁人们谨慎使用AI。 1. 第一段开头提出问题“Have you ever wondered how AI ‘sees’ the world?”，随后指出“Unlike humans, AI has no eyes, ears, or nose to learn about the world. Instead, it uses a special way to ‘know’ things—through the data we provide.”，并举例说明AI如何通过照片、声音等数据来学习，因此第一段主要告诉我们AI是如何认识世界的。 2. 第二段中，作者通过列举具体例子来介绍AI如何帮助我们:“It can look at millions of pictures in one minute and find the cat among them. It can read a long story very quickly and tell us the main idea. It can even predict tomorrow’s weather by processing today’s data.”，因此作者是通过提供例子（providing examples）的方式来介绍的。 3. 第三段中，“Garbage in, garbage out.”后面紧跟解释“If we provide AI with wrong or messy data, the answers will be wrong or messy. If we give it exact data, the answers can be clear.”，说明输入错误的数据就会得到错误的答案，即“垃圾进，垃圾出”的含义。 4. 最后一段中，作者将AI比作手电筒和破镜子“Use it carefully, and AI becomes a bright flashlight in a dark room. Use it carelessly, and it’s only a broken mirror.”，紧接着说“The choice is always ours—set clear goals, check the facts, and decide what ‘good’ should look like.”，目的是鼓励人们谨慎使用AI。 5. 全文围绕AI如何通过数据来“看”世界展开，第一段提出“how AI ‘sees’ the world”，最后一段总结“AI’s ‘eye’ is the data we share”，因此最佳标题是“AI: Seeing Through Data”（AI：透过数据看世界）。 Passage 1 （2024-2025·江苏泰州月考）The third month of the school year has now arrived. Have you noticed how, when we talk about numbers, we naturally think of the number three? In some ways, “three” is a number that has magical powers. You can find that this number is all around us. Everything has a beginning, a middle and an end. We eat three meals a day. Traffic lights all over the world use three colors: red, yellow and green. And there is the rule of three. It is an old writing technique. According to this rule, things can always become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. Have you ever noticed how powerful brands (品牌) use the rule of three to improve their marketing? “Just do it.” “I’m loving it.” “Coke is it.” All of these famous slogans (标语) are three words long. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? Well, we know that the human brain is very complex (复杂的). However, it enjoys thinking in patterns (模式). It is always trying to find patterns in seemingly unconnected information. What’s more, if there are no patterns, our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern. As the old saying goes, “Once is luck, twice is coincidence (巧合) and three times is a pattern.” Moreover, our brains can remember only a little information at any given moment. An audience (观众) will usually only remember three things from a speech. Do you want your audience to remember your speech in their minds deeply? Present it to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives, we can make many things easier. For example, many people like to add lots of tasks to their to-do lists. However, experts (专家) suggest they should limit themselves to just three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable. And the next time you are making New Year’s tasks, consider listing only three things to work on. The longer your list is, ________. 1. The underlined word “technique” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. course B. limit C. skill D. mistake 2. What example does the writer list to explain the rule of three in marketing? A. Three meals eaten daily. B. Three slogans that consist of three words. C. Three types of advertising methods. D. Three different colors in traffic lights. 3. According to the article, big brands prefer three-word slogans because ___________. A. three is a lucky number in many cultures B. people probably trust shorter slogans more C. patterns can only form when three items are used D. three-word slogans are easier for people to remember 4. What advice is given in the article on making to-do lists? A. Care about tasks that are hard to reach. B. Choose tasks that are easy to complete. C. List as many tasks as possible to stay organized. D. Limit the list to three difficult but achievable tasks. 5. Which of the following best fits the blank __________ in the last paragraph? A. the happier you will feel B. the less possible it is to achieve it C. the faster you will improve D. the better you can manage your time 【答案与解析】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. B 本文主要介绍了数字“三”的魔力，以及如何在日常生活中合理运用“三”的规则来使事情变得更容易。 1. 根据第二段“It is an old writing technique.”以及下文对“三”的规则在广告语中应用的举例，可以推断“technique”意为“技巧，技能”，与skill意思相近。 2. 根据第二段“Have you ever noticed how powerful brands … All of these famous slogans (标语) are three words long.”可知，文章通过列举三个由三个单词组成的著名广告语来说明“三”的规则在市场营销中的应用。 3. 根据第二段“According to this rule, things can always become more … the rule of three to improve their marketing?”和第三段“Moreover, our brains can remember only a little information at any given moment.”可知，人脑只能记住一点信息，品牌使用三词标语是为了便于记忆。 4. 根据最后一段“However, experts (专家) suggest they should limit themselves to just three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable.”可知，文章建议制作待办事项清单时，应将清单限制为三个具有挑战性但可实现的任务。 5. 最后一段“And the next time you are making New Year’s tasks, consider listing only three things to work on.”指出，列清单时只列出三件要做的事情，结合上文提到的“三”的规则和大脑记忆的限制可知，清单越长，你越不可能坚持完成它。 Passage 2 （2024-2025·江苏苏州月考）On March 14, math and science lovers around the world celebrated a special day: Pi Day. Pi is equal to about 3.14, but the number goes on endlessly. It is sometimes written in Greek, π. With the help of computers, mathematicians have been able to calculate (计算) pi out to over a trillion (万亿) decimal (小数的) places, but there is still no end to the number. This makes pi puzzling, even for the most famous scientists and mathematicians. Pi Day is celebrated around the world on March 14, since how we write this date, 3/14, looks just like the number pi. For some people, the appeal (吸引力) of Pi Day goes far beyond math and science. Pi shows up through popular culture. You can see it in movies, comics, music and more. “In modern movies, any time the filmmaker wants to evoke (唤起) a sense of mystery, often the symbol pi is used,” said David Blatner, a Jewish - American writer of The Joy of Pi. People also love trying to memorize the digits (数字) of pi and competing against others to see who can remember the most. Many teachers hold class contests to see how many numbers their students can memorize. The Guinness World Record for reciting (背诵) the most digits of pi is held by Lyu Chao of China, who successfully recited pi out to nearly 67,890 decimal places. Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with the number. People celebrate Pi Day by eating or throwing pie and with fun pi - related games and activities. In 2016, Princeton, New Jersey, held a birthday party for Albert Einstein whose birthday also falls on March 14. There was also a “Walk a Pi Event” where people walked 3.14 miles together. Just like the number itself, the possibilities for Pi Day are truly endless. 1. Which description of pi is NOT correct? A. Pi Day falls on March 14. B. The number of pi is endless. C. People usually write pi as π. D. Pi was first found in Greece. 2. In modern movies, the symbol pi is often used to ________. A. stand for maths and science B. remind us of movies and comics C. show something mysterious D. show great understanding of the world 3. People show interest in pi by ________. a. calculating it out to over a trillion decimal places b. reciting as many digits of pi as possible c naming many inventions after pi d. including pi in many forms of creative work A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 4. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Fun activities to celebrate Pi Day. B. People’s expectation of pi. C. The story between Albert Einstein and pi. D. The importance of pi to math. 5. Which of the following best describes the author’s writing approach (方法) in the passage? A. Using personal stories to explain the importance of pi in daily life. B. Presenting facts and examples to introduce Pi Day and its cultural meaning. C. Comparing pi with other mathematical constants (常数) to show its uniqueness (独特). D. Arguing for the need to celebrate Pi Day in schools worldwide. 【答案与解析】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 本文主要介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动及其背后的文化意义。 1. 第一段和第二段直接指出，圆周率日是3月14日，圆周率是无穷无尽的，有时用希腊字母π来表示，文章并未提及圆周率最早是在希腊发现的。 2. 第三段指出 “evoke a sense of mystery”，即圆周率的符号在电影中常被用来表现神秘感。 3. 定位第一、三、四段，“mathematicians have been able to calculate pi out to over a trillion decimal places”，正确； “People also love trying to memorize the digits of pi and competing against others”，正确；“Pi shows up through popular culture. You can see it in movies, comics, music and more”，正确。即人们通过将圆周率计算到小数点后一万亿位，尽可能多地背诵圆周率数字以及将圆周率融入多种形式的创造性工作中来表达对圆周率的兴趣。 4. 最后一段点明 “Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with the number”，后文举例了吃派、玩π相关游戏、为爱因斯坦庆生、“Walk a Pi Event” 等活动，本段主要介绍了庆祝圆周率日的趣味活动。 5. 文章通过陈述π的计算事实、Pi Day的日期由来、流行文化中的π案例、背诵记录、各类庆祝活动等客观事实与具体例子，介绍Pi Day及其文化意义。文章通过呈现事实与例子来介绍Pi Day和其文化意义，符合写作方法。 Passage 3 （2024-2025·广东深圳外国语期末）Do you like the number 13? 1 In the past, a lot of tall buildings didn’t have the 13th floor. 2 For example, the number “4” is said to be unlucky because it sounds like the Chinese word for “death”. But that’s just one example about numbers in China. When I first came here, I was surprised to see that many websites had numbers in their names instead of letters. I soon found that this is actually convenient, as Chinese characters (汉字) cannot be used for website addresses. 3 In pinyin, the telecom company China Unicom is called Zhongguo Liantong. If the company used their pinyin name for their website address, it would be quite long. 4 In addition, the pronunciations of some numbers sound similar to other words in Chinese. This is wordplay (双关语). For example, the numbers “520” in Chinese sound similar to the pronunciation of the Chinese phrase “I love you”. 5 A. They can only use numbers or letters instead. B. There are also superstitions (迷信) about some numbers in China. C. In western countries, some people think the number 13 brings bad luck. D. It is interesting to see how Chinese people use numbers in different ways. E. So instead, they used the hotline number—10010.com. This is easier to type and remember. F. Many couples choose to get married on May 20th for this reason. 【答案与解析】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. F 本文介绍了数字在文化中的特殊意义以及它们在网站名称中的应用；文章还提到了一些数字与中文词语发音相似，形成有趣的双关语现象。 1. 根据上文“Do you like the number 13? ”可知，此处是人们对于数字13的看法；选项C“在西方国家，有些人认为数字13会带来厄运。”符合语境。故选C。 2. 根据下文“For example, the number ‘4’ is said to be unlucky because it sounds like the Chinese word for ‘death’.”可知，中国文化中对数字也有迷信的说法；选项B“在中国也有一些关于数字的迷信。”符合语境。故选B。 3. 根据上文“I soon found that this is actually convenient, as Chinese characters (汉字) cannot be used for website addresses.”可知，汉字不能在网址上用，所以此处是介绍什么可以用在网址上；选项A“它们只能用数字或字母来代替。”符合语境。故选A。 4. 根据上文“If the company used their pinyin name for their website address, it would be quite long.”可知，中国联通使用拼音导致网址太长，所以他们采用了数字；选项E“因此，他们使用了热线电话10010.com。这样更容易打字和记忆。”符合语境。故选E。 5. 根据上文“For example, the numbers ‘520’ in Chinese sound similar to the pronunciation of the Chinese phrase ‘I love you’. ”可知，520的谐音是“我爱你”；选项F“出于这个原因，许多情侣选择在5月20日结婚。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 4 （广东广州铁一期中）It seems very natural that if you have two dollars and someone gives you 1 more, you will have four dollars. But do you know it really took human beings a very long time to be able to think this way? In fact, one of the most 2 things to teach children is the idea of numbers. In ancient times when a man wanted to tell how many animals he 3 , he had no system of numbers to use. He put a 4 into a bag for each animal. The more animals owned, the more stones he had. It may explain 5 the word “calculate” comes from the Latin word “calculus”. “Calculus” means “stone”. Then, man used lines to count. People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, but they still had no 6 to tell the numbers, so they could not write the numbers down. Later on, people used fingers. Again, we have the word that 7 this. The word “digit” comes from the Latin word “digitus”. It means “finger”! The fact that we have 10 fingers 8 the use of 10 in the system of numbers. The Hindus in India 9 the number system we use today and Arab traders (商人) 10 it to Europe during the 8th to the 11th century. In this system, people count things with ten numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0. It is called decimal system, that is, it is built on the base of 10. 1. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. A. difficult B. wonderful C. important D. intelligent 3. A. killed B. ate C. had D. included 4. A. line B. stone C. finger D. stick 5. A. what B. how C. why D. when 6. A. words B. names C. books D. pens 7. A. goes back to B. looks forward to C. talks about D. happens to 8. A. came from B. was close to C. led to D. was made up of 9. A. wrote B. made C. produced D. invented 10. A. introduced B. developed C. gave D. sold 【答案与解析】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 本文主要介绍了从古代到现在用数字表示东西多少的演变过程。 1. 句意：很自然地，如果你有两美元，有人再给你两美元，你就有四美元。 one一个；two两个；three三个；four四个。根据“you have two dollars”及“you will have four dollars”可知，再额外得到两美元，就会有四美元，故选B。 2. 句意：事实上，教给孩子们最困难的事情之一就是数字的概念。 difficult困难的；wonderful精彩的；important重要的；intelligent聪明的。根据“But do you know it really took human beings a very long time to be able to think this way”可知，人类花了很长时间才能以这种方式思考，所以教孩子们有数字的概念是困难的，故选A。 3. 句意：在古代，当一个人想要说出他有多少动物时，他没有数字系统可以使用。 killed杀死；ate吃；had有；included包括。根据“how many animals he ”可知，他有多少只动物，故选C。 4. 句意：他为每只动物放了一块石头到袋子里。 line线；stone石头；finger手指；stick棍子。根据“The more animals owned, the more stones he had”可知，放了一块石头到袋子里，故选B。 5. 句意：这也许可以解释为什么“calculate”一词来自拉丁语“calculus”。 what什么；how怎样；why为什么；when何时。根据“It may explain … the word ‘calculate’ comes from the Latin word ‘calculus’”可知，解释为什么“calculate”一词来自拉丁语“calculus”，故选C。 6. 句意：但是他们仍然没有词来描述这些数字，所以他们不能把数字写下来。 words词语；names名字；books书；pens钢笔。根据“People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count”可知，为每一件他们想数的东西画一条线，是因为他们没有词来描述这些数字，故选A。 7. 句意：再一次，我们有一个词可以追溯到这个。 goes back to追溯到；looks forward to期待；talks about谈论；happens to发生。根据“Again, we have the word that … this”可知，这个词可以追溯到数字的概念，故选A。 8. 句意：我们有10个手指的事实引起了10在数字系统中的使用。 came from来自；was close to离……近；led to引起；was made up of由……组成。根据“The fact that we have 10 fingers … the use of 10 in the system of numbers”可知，10个手指引起了10在数字系统中的使用，故选C。 9. 句意：印度的印度教徒发明了我们今天使用的数字系统，阿拉伯商人在8世纪至11世纪将它引入欧洲。 wrote写；made制造；produced生产；invented发明。根据“The Hindus in India… the number system”可知，印度教徒发明了数字系统，故选D。 10. 句意：印度的印度教徒发明了我们今天使用的数字系统，阿拉伯商人在8世纪至11世纪将它引入欧洲。 introduced引进；developed发展；gave给；sold卖。根据“Arab traders (商人) … it to Europe”可知，阿拉伯商人将它引入欧洲，故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit Amazing numbers 奇妙的数字 单元阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 227 介绍了数字在生活中的多方面应用。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 231 介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的相关信息，包括罗马数字的计数方式、阿拉伯数字的起源与传播等。 真题示例 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 300 介绍了数字6174是一个神奇的数字。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 276 介绍了AI如何通过数据来“看”世界。 模拟演练 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 375 介绍了数字“三”的魔力。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 330 介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动及其背后的文化意义。 Passage 3 阅读还原 说明文 240 介绍了数字在文化中的特殊意义以及它们在网站名称中的应用。 Passage 4 完形填空 说明文 258 介绍了从古代到现在用数字表示东西多少的演变过程。 · God made the integers; all else is the work of man. – Leopold Kronecker 上帝创造了整数，其余皆是人为。——利奥波德·克罗内克（数学家） · Everything is number. – Pythagoras 万物皆数。——毕达哥拉斯（哲学家、数学家） · Mathematics is the queen of the sciences and arithmetic is the queen of mathematics. – Carl Friedrich Gauss 数学是科学之王，而算术是数学之王。——卡尔·弗里德里希·高斯（数学家） · There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics. – Benjamin Disraeli 世上有三种谎言：谎言、该死的谎言和统计数字。——本杰明·迪斯雷利 · One is never afraid of the unknown; one is afraid of the known coming to an end. – Jiddu Krishnamurti 人从不害怕未知，人害怕的是已知事物的终结。（强调“一”与“终”的概念）——吉杜·克里希那穆提 · Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe. – Albert Einstein 有两样东西是无穷无尽的：宇宙和人类的愚蠢；而且我对宇宙是否无穷无尽还不敢确定。——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（物理学家） · Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world. – Archimedes 给我一个足够长的杠杆和一个支点，我就能撬动地球。——阿基米德（数学家、物理学家） · Three can keep a secret, if two of them are dead. – Benjamin Franklin 三个人能保守秘密，前提是其中两个已经死了。——本杰明·富兰克林（政治家、科学家） · The first principle is that you must not fool yourself—and you are the easiest person to fool. – Richard Feynman 首要原则是你不能愚弄自己——而你自己是最容易被愚弄的人。——理查德·费曼（物理学家） · Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation... – Abraham Lincoln 八十七年前（四个二十加七年），我们的先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家……——亚伯拉罕·林肯 · Fifty percent of being smart is knowing what you're dumb at. – Sol Hurok 聪明的百分之五十在于知道自己哪里笨。——索尔·休洛克 · Six essential qualities that are the key to success: Sincerity, personal integrity, humility, courtesy, wisdom, charity. – William Menninger 通往成功的六个关键品质：真诚、个人正直、谦逊、礼貌、智慧、仁慈。——威廉·梅宁格 · Seven habits of highly effective people. – Stephen Covey 高效能人士的七个习惯。（虽是书名，已成为现代管理学名言）——史蒂芬·柯维（教育家） · Eighty percent of success is showing up. – Woody Allen 成功的百分之八十在于现身（参与）。——伍迪·艾伦 · A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. – Lao Tzu 千里之行，始于足下。——老子 Passage A（数字应用） ①Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems. Science & Health ②Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ ③Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well. Everyday Uses ④We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes. On the road, signs like “60 km/h” tell drivers the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. ⑤There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky. ⑥Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1. Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ” ? A. Numbers in Art. B. Numbers for Fun. C. Numbers and Cultures. D. Numbers for Decisions. 2. Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A. To find out popular products easily. B. To count how many products they have. C. To check if people pay the right money. D. To make the prices of their products higher. 3. What can we know according to Paragraph 4? A. We don’t need numbers when baking a cake. B. Clothes will be cheaper if there is a 20% discount. C. The number of people can decide how many schools to build. D. Numbers are useless for the drivers on the road. 4. Why do people like the number “8” in China? A. Because they believe that it is easy to write. B. Because they believe that it can help people make money. C. Because they believe that it can bring good luck. D. Because they believe that it can help people remember dates. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B. Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C. Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D. People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第二句） Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won't fall down. 译文：建筑工人们使用像 3.14 (π) 这样的特殊数字来建造不会倒塌的坚固桥梁。 分析：本句包含不定式作目的状语和定语从句。to make strong bridges 是动词不定式短语作目的状语，解释了使用特殊数字的目的；that won't fall down 是由 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 bridges，具体说明了桥梁的特性（坚固、不倒塌）。 原句：（第三段第四句） In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. 译文：在困难时期，数字有助于决定需要多少食物或药品。 分析：本句包含一个宾语从句。help decide 后省略了宾语（或者理解为 help [people] decide），紧接着 how much food or medicine is needed 是一个由 how much 引导的宾语从句，作为 decide 的宾语，说明了决定的具体内容是关于食物或药品的需求量。 译文 ①数字在我们的世界中无处不在。它们的作用远不止数数。它们帮助我们理解生活并解决难题。 科学与健康 ②数字让我们保持安全和健康。建筑工人使用像 3.14 (π) 这样的特殊数字来建造不会倒塌的坚固桥梁。医生使用像 37°C（正常体温）和每分钟 60-100 次（正常心跳）这样的数字来检查健康状况。▲ ③数字告诉我们关于人的信息。你知道亚洲大约有 48 亿人口吗？这超过了地球总人口的一半！领导人利用这些数字来决定建造多少学校。在困难时期，数字有助于决定需要多少食物或药品。商店甚至利用数字来了解哪些产品畅销。 日常用途 ④我们每天都看到数字。烤蛋糕时，你需要两倍于糖的面粉。在商店里，20% 的折扣意味着你可以花更少的钱买衣服。在路上，像“60 km/h”这样的标志告诉司机最大速度。日期也使用数字，比如“6月26日”。 ⑤关于数字还有一些有趣的事实。人们对某些数字有不同的看法。在中国，人们相信数字 8 意味着好运。同时，在一些西方国家，人们认为 13 是不吉利的。 ⑥数字帮助我们描述一切——从微小的事物到巨大的恒星。它们是世界通用的特殊语言。 重难点词汇 billion / ˈbɪljən / num. 十亿 normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的，标准的 fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 财富，运气，命运 Passage B（罗马和阿拉伯数字） Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1. Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A. L. B. M. C. V. D. X. 2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Arabic numerals. B. Watches and clocks. C. Zero. D. Roman numerals. 3. What do we know about Arabic numerals? A. People in Rome didn’t use them. B. Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C. Only Arabic people use them today. D. “0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4. Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A. Because they are not easy to write and count. B. Because there are no Romans anymore. C. Because the numbers look stupid. D. Because they are hard to remember. 5. In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A. b—c—a—d B. b—a—c—d C. d—b—a—c D. d—c—b—a 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第三句） But it's not the only number system that people use. 译文：但这并不是人们使用的唯一数字系统。 分析：本句包含一个由 that 引导的定语从句。it's not the only number system 是主句，其中 the only 是先行词的修饰语；that people use 是定语从句，修饰先行词 number system。当先行词被 the only, the very, the last 等词修饰时，关系代词通常只能用 that 而不用 which。 原句：（第三段第三句）Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. 译文：如今，很少有人使用它们（罗马数字），因为它们既难写又难数。 分析：本句是一个由 because 引导的原因状语从句构成的复合句。主句是 Today, few people use them，注意这里的 few 表示否定含义，意为“很少，几乎没有”；从句 because they are difficult to write and count 解释了没人使用的原因。其中 be difficult to do sth. 是常用句型，意为“做某事很困难”，动词不定式 to write and count 用主动形式表示被动含义（即“很难被书写和计算”）。 译文 你很熟悉数字 0—9 吗？它们是阿拉伯数字。现在人们用它们来标记数字。但这并不是人们使用的唯一数字系统。 大约 2500 年前，罗马人用手来计数。在罗马数字中，一根手指表示 1，两根手指表示 2，三根手指表示 3，四根手指表示 4。如果你想表示 5，你可以把四根手指并拢放在一边，拇指放在另一边。让你的每只手都表示 5，这样你就有了 10。所以在罗马，数字是 “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”。此外，“L” 表示五十，“C” 表示一百。 “D” 表示五百，“M” 表示一千。但是罗马数字中没有零。今天，很少有人使用它们，因为它们既难写又难数。但我们仍然可以在一些手表和时钟上看到它们。 今天，大多数人都使用阿拉伯数字。它们容易记忆和书写。它们帮助人们每天清点物品。事实上，是印度人首先创造并使用了阿拉伯数字。在 8 世纪后期，阿拉伯国家的人了解了它们。然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲。所以欧洲人称它们为阿拉伯数字。今天，世界各地的人们都在使用阿拉伯数字，它们帮了大忙。 重难点词汇 Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. 阿拉伯的 numeral /ˈnjuːmərəl/ n. 数字，数词 1. Numbers are not just cold symbols for calculation; they are the secret codes hidden in nature’s beauty.（数字不仅仅是冰冷的计算符号，它们是隐藏在自然之美中的秘密代码。） 2. From the lucky number eight in Chinese culture to the unlucky thirteen in the West, numbers carry different emotions and stories.（从中国文化中吉祥的“八”到西方文化中不祥的“十三”，数字承载着不同的情感和故事。） 3. Zero seems like nothing, but without it, our modern world of computers and technology would simply not exist.（“零”看起来像是什么都没有，但如果没有它，我们要依赖计算机和科技的现代世界根本无法存在。） 4. The number three appears everywhere in storytelling: three little pigs, three wishes, and three musketeers make stories feel complete.（数字“三”出现在故事的方方面面：三只小猪、三个愿望和三剑客，它让故事听起来更加完整。） 5. In sports, the difference between winning gold and silver can come down to a tiny decimal point, showing how precise numbers can be.（在体育比赛中，金牌和银牌的差距往往取决于一个小小的小数点，这展示了数字是多么精准。） 6. We use numbers to measure time, distance, and weight, but we also use them to count our blessings and cherish memories.（我们用数字来衡量时间、距离和重量，但也用它们来计算我们的福气并珍藏回忆。） 7. A single digit can change everything; adding a zero behind a one turns it into ten, multiplying its value instantly.（一个单独的数字就能改变一切；在“1”后面加一个“0”就变成了“10”，瞬间让它的价值翻倍。） 8. Learning about magic numbers isn't just about memorizing formulas; it's about discovering the rhythm of the world.（了解神奇的数字不仅仅是背诵公式，更是为了发现这个世界的节奏。） 9. Whether it is your age or your favorite jersey number, specific numbers hold a unique place in our personal histories.（无论是你的年龄还是你最喜欢的球衣号码，特定的数字在我们的个人历史中都占据着独特的位置。） Passage 1 （2024·福建福州模拟考） Take a pen and write the number 6174 on a piece of paper. It looks just like any other number, doesn’t it? But what if I told you that it was a magic number? Do you think this is a joke? Well, let’s see the magic with a quick experiment (实验). Start with a four-digit (四位) number — make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113. Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354. Go back to the second step and repeat the process: 6543-3456 = 3087 ▶ 8730-0378 = 8352 ▶ 8532-2358 = 6174 Ta-da! There you have it: 6174! You can repeat this experiment with another number. What do you end up with? Is it 6174? This number is known as Kaprekar’s constant. It is named after the Indian mathematician Dattatreya Ramchandra Kaprekar. He discovered the magic behind this number in 1949 after performing the above process. Kaprekar had always enjoyed playing with numbers. But when he showed the magic of 6174 at an international mathematics meeting, other mathematicians didn’t roll out the red carpet. They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him. Yet to this day, no scientist can fully explain why this magic works. Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least? 1. Which of the following is suitable for the experiment? A. 1111. B. 1112. C. 1113. D. 6566. 2. If the number for the experiment is 2025, which of the following is the next step? A. 5220-0225 B. 5220-2520 C. 2025-0252 D. 2025-0225 3. What does the underlined part “roll out the red carpet” probably mean? A. Show their opinions. B. Talk loudly. C. Express their welcome. D. Understand clearly. 4. What does the writer think of this experiment? A. It’s useless. B. It’s worth studying. C. It’s explainable. D. It’s hard to carry out. 5. What’s the best title of the text? A. A Magic Number B. A Math Competition C. A Great Scientist D. An International Discovery Passage 2 （2026·河南永城模拟考） Have you ever wondered how AI “sees” the world? Unlike humans, AI has no eyes, ears, or nose to learn about the world. Instead, it uses a special way to “know” things—through the data (数据) we provide. If we feed it photos, it learns from the colors and shapes. If we give it sound, it studies the sound waves. AI has no feelings. It doesn’t feel hunger, cold, or fear. It never lies awake at night, worrying about a test. Since it has no body, it has no real-life experiences. However, AI can still help us understand the world. It can look at millions of pictures in one minute and find the cat among them. It can read a long story very quickly and tell us the main idea. It can even predict tomorrow’s weather by processing (处理) today’s data. All of these abilities rest on one simple truth: AI is only as good as what we feed it. We have to remember the rule: Garbage in, garbage out. If we provide AI with wrong or messy data, the answers will be wrong or messy. If we give it exact data, the answers can be clear. The better the data, the clearer its “vision (视觉)”. So, AI’s “eye” is the data we share. We are the ones who open or close that “eye”. Use it carefully, and AI becomes a bright flashlight (手电筒) in a dark room. Use it carelessly, and it’s only a broken mirror. The choice is always ours—set clear goals, check the facts, and decide what “good” should look like. 1. What does Paragraph 1 tell us? A. Why AI is smart. B. What data AI needs. C. What AI can and cannot do. D. How AI learns about the world. 2. How does the writer introduce the ways that AI helps us? A. By explaining reasons. B. By providing examples. C. By answering questions. D. By describing experiences. 3. What does the underlined part “Garbage in, garbage out.” mean? A. Wrong data leads to wrong answers. B. Messy data is as useless as garbage. C. AI is good at dealing with messy data. D. AI can turn useless data into useful information. 4. Why does the writer compare AI to a flashlight and a broken mirror? A. To compare AI to humans. B. To tell the importance of AI. C. To explain how AI deals with data. D. To encourage the careful use of AI. 5. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Future of AI B. AI: A Fast Learner C. The Everyday Use of AI D. AI: Seeing Through Data Passage 1 （2024-2025·江苏泰州月考）The third month of the school year has now arrived. Have you noticed how, when we talk about numbers, we naturally think of the number three? In some ways, “three” is a number that has magical powers. You can find that this number is all around us. Everything has a beginning, a middle and an end. We eat three meals a day. Traffic lights all over the world use three colors: red, yellow and green. And there is the rule of three. It is an old writing technique. According to this rule, things can always become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. Have you ever noticed how powerful brands (品牌) use the rule of three to improve their marketing? “Just do it.” “I’m loving it.” “Coke is it.” All of these famous slogans (标语) are three words long. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? Well, we know that the human brain is very complex (复杂的). However, it enjoys thinking in patterns (模式). It is always trying to find patterns in seemingly unconnected information. What’s more, if there are no patterns, our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern. As the old saying goes, “Once is luck, twice is coincidence (巧合) and three times is a pattern.” Moreover, our brains can remember only a little information at any given moment. An audience (观众) will usually only remember three things from a speech. Do you want your audience to remember your speech in their minds deeply? Present it to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives, we can make many things easier. For example, many people like to add lots of tasks to their to-do lists. However, experts (专家) suggest they should limit themselves to just three tasks. These top three tasks should be hard enough to be challenging while still being achievable. And the next time you are making New Year’s tasks, consider listing only three things to work on. The longer your list is, ________. 1. The underlined word “technique” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. course B. limit C. skill D. mistake 2. What example does the writer list to explain the rule of three in marketing? A. Three meals eaten daily. B. Three slogans that consist of three words. C. Three types of advertising methods. D. Three different colors in traffic lights. 3. According to the article, big brands prefer three-word slogans because ___________. A. three is a lucky number in many cultures B. people probably trust shorter slogans more C. patterns can only form when three items are used D. three-word slogans are easier for people to remember 4. What advice is given in the article on making to-do lists? A. Care about tasks that are hard to reach. B. Choose tasks that are easy to complete. C. List as many tasks as possible to stay organized. D. Limit the list to three difficult but achievable tasks. 5. Which of the following best fits the blank __________ in the last paragraph? A. the happier you will feel B. the less possible it is to achieve it C. the faster you will improve D. the better you can manage your time Passage 2 （2024-2025·江苏苏州月考）On March 14, math and science lovers around the world celebrated a special day: Pi Day. Pi is equal to about 3.14, but the number goes on endlessly. It is sometimes written in Greek, π. With the help of computers, mathematicians have been able to calculate (计算) pi out to over a trillion (万亿) decimal (小数的) places, but there is still no end to the number. This makes pi puzzling, even for the most famous scientists and mathematicians. Pi Day is celebrated around the world on March 14, since how we write this date, 3/14, looks just like the number pi. For some people, the appeal (吸引力) of Pi Day goes far beyond math and science. Pi shows up through popular culture. You can see it in movies, comics, music and more. “In modern movies, any time the filmmaker wants to evoke (唤起) a sense of mystery, often the symbol pi is used,” said David Blatner, a Jewish - American writer of The Joy of Pi. People also love trying to memorize the digits (数字) of pi and competing against others to see who can remember the most. Many teachers hold class contests to see how many numbers their students can memorize. The Guinness World Record for reciting (背诵) the most digits of pi is held by Lyu Chao of China, who successfully recited pi out to nearly 67,890 decimal places. Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with the number. People celebrate Pi Day by eating or throwing pie and with fun pi - related games and activities. In 2016, Princeton, New Jersey, held a birthday party for Albert Einstein whose birthday also falls on March 14. There was also a “Walk a Pi Event” where people walked 3.14 miles together. Just like the number itself, the possibilities for Pi Day are truly endless. 1. Which description of pi is NOT correct? A. Pi Day falls on March 14. B. The number of pi is endless. C. People usually write pi as π. D. Pi was first found in Greece. 2. In modern movies, the symbol pi is often used to ________. A. stand for maths and science B. remind us of movies and comics C. show something mysterious D. show great understanding of the world 3. People show interest in pi by ________. a. calculating it out to over a trillion decimal places b. reciting as many digits of pi as possible c naming many inventions after pi d. including pi in many forms of creative work A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 4. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Fun activities to celebrate Pi Day. B. People’s expectation of pi. C. The story between Albert Einstein and pi. D. The importance of pi to math. 5. Which of the following best describes the author’s writing approach (方法) in the passage? A. Using personal stories to explain the importance of pi in daily life. B. Presenting facts and examples to introduce Pi Day and its cultural meaning. C. Comparing pi with other mathematical constants (常数) to show its uniqueness (独特). D. Arguing for the need to celebrate Pi Day in schools worldwide. Passage 3 （2024-2025·广东深圳外国语期末）Do you like the number 13? 1 In the past, a lot of tall buildings didn’t have the 13th floor. 2 For example, the number “4” is said to be unlucky because it sounds like the Chinese word for “death”. But that’s just one example about numbers in China. When I first came here, I was surprised to see that many websites had numbers in their names instead of letters. I soon found that this is actually convenient, as Chinese characters (汉字) cannot be used for website addresses. 3 In pinyin, the telecom company China Unicom is called Zhongguo Liantong. If the company used their pinyin name for their website address, it would be quite long. 4 In addition, the pronunciations of some numbers sound similar to other words in Chinese. This is wordplay (双关语). For example, the numbers “520” in Chinese sound similar to the pronunciation of the Chinese phrase “I love you”. 5 A. They can only use numbers or letters instead. B. There are also superstitions (迷信) about some numbers in China. C. In western countries, some people think the number 13 brings bad luck. D. It is interesting to see how Chinese people use numbers in different ways. E. So instead, they used the hotline number—10010.com. This is easier to type and remember. F. Many couples choose to get married on May 20th for this reason. Passage 4 （广东广州铁一期中）It seems very natural that if you have two dollars and someone gives you 1 more, you will have four dollars. But do you know it really took human beings a very long time to be able to think this way? In fact, one of the most 2 things to teach children is the idea of numbers. In ancient times when a man wanted to tell how many animals he 3 , he had no system of numbers to use. He put a 4 into a bag for each animal. The more animals owned, the more stones he had. It may explain 5 the word “calculate” comes from the Latin word “calculus”. “Calculus” means “stone”. Then, man used lines to count. People would just draw a line for each thing they wanted to count, but they still had no 6 to tell the numbers, so they could not write the numbers down. Later on, people used fingers. Again, we have the word that 7 this. The word “digit” comes from the Latin word “digitus”. It means “finger”! The fact that we have 10 fingers 8 the use of 10 in the system of numbers. The Hindus in India 9 the number system we use today and Arab traders (商人) 10 it to Europe during the 8th to the 11th century. In this system, people count things with ten numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0. It is called decimal system, that is, it is built on the base of 10. 1. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. A. difficult B. wonderful C. important D. intelligent 3. A. killed B. ate C. had D. included 4. A. line B. stone C. finger D. stick 5. A. what B. how C. why D. when 6. A. words B. names C. books D. pens 7. A. goes back to B. looks forward to C. talks about D. happens to 8. A. came from B. was close to C. led to D. was made up of 9. A. wrote B. made C. produced D. invented 10. A. introduced B. developed C. gave D. sold 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit Amazing numbers 奇妙的数字 单元阅读精练 Passage A（数字应用） 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A Passage B（罗马和阿拉伯数字） 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B Passage 1 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A Passage 2 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. D Passage 1 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. B Passage 2 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B Passage 3 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. F Passage 4 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $