精品解析：湖南张家界市2024-2025学年年高中二年级第一学期期末联考英语试题

张家界市2024年普通高中二年级第一学期期末联考 英语试题卷 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．How does the food taste? A．Bad. B．Sweet. C．Good. 2．Where is Mike? A．At a wedding. B．At the cinema. C．At the train station. 3．What did the woman see this morning? A．A video. B．The sunrise. C．Some paintings. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．An exam. B．A dinner party. C．A weekend plan. 5．Who are the two speakers? A．Workmates. B．Boss and worker. C．Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．What’s the woman’s problem? A．She can’t learn math well. B．She can’t concentrate in class. C．She isn’t interested in any subject. 7．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Do more exercises. B．Ask the teacher for help. C．Find others to study with. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How does the man feel about the recent weather? A．Excited. B．Annoyed. C．Surprised. 9．When does the woman usually leave the office? A．At 6:00 p.m. B．At 6:30 p.m. C．At 7:00 p.m. 10．What is the man probably going to do next? A．Wait until the rain stops. B．Leave without an umbrella. C．Borrow the woman’s umbrella. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the man think of jazz? A．Unpopular. B．Difficult. C．Noisy. 12．What instrument does the man like best? A．The piano. B．The drums. C．The bass. 13．What will the man be busy with this weekend? A．A music show. B．A jazz class. C．Band practice. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．How often did the man run when he was younger? A．Twice a week. B．Four days a week. C．Every day. 15．Which event is the man good at? A．Short distance. B．Middle distance. C．Long distance. 16．How fast can the man run the event now? A．In about 3 minutes. B．Within 4 minutes. C．In about 6 minutes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．How old is the main hall? A．100 years old. B．200 years old. C．300 years old. 18．What is the main hall used for today? A．Having dinners. B．Holding parties. C．Keeping paintings. 19．Where will the speaker go last of all? A．The wooded area. B．The playground. C．The restaurant. 20．What can the listeners do upstairs? A．See some old furniture. B．Try to make bread. C．Learn the history of farming. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To Whom it May Concern: On March 5th, I bought a Perfect Muffin Kit from your store at Midfield Mall. The cashier, George, was very friendly and convinced me that the kit would live up to the guarantee on the box: “Perfect Muffins Every Time!” I followed the provided directions very carefully. First, I took out the bag of mix and poured it into a bowl. Next, I added the correct amount of water and stirred it. The directions said that after stirring the mixture, I could “add half a cup of raisins, nuts, berries, or another favorite ingredient.” Since I’m fond of spicy flavors and find that hot sauce enhances the taste of many dishes, I added half a cup of hot sauce to the mix. Finally, I poured the mix into muffin tins and baked it in the oven at 350 degrees for exactly 20 minutes. When the muffins were done, I was eager to taste the promised “perfect” ones. However, to my disappointment, these muffins were, in fact, absolutely terrible. Not even my dog was interested in eating these supposedly “perfect” muffins. I sincerely hope to receive a full refund ($3.99) for this product at the earliest. I have enclosed the receipt, the empty box, and one of the unperfect muffins for your reference. Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter. Sincerely, Michelle Bauer 1. Who is the letter most likely written to? A. A local store owner. B. The clerk at a local muffin bakery. C. George, the cashier. D. The owner of the muffin mix company. 2. Why is the author disappointed with the product? A. It was overpriced. B. It did not live up to its promise. C. The instructions were incorrect. D. The instructions were too complex. 3. Why did the author write the letter? A. To get a refund. B. To complain about the taste. C. To warn others. D. To suggest a change in packaging. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】米歇尔 3 月 5 日购买了玛芬蛋糕制作套装，严格按照说明操作，并自行加入辣酱烘烤。成品口感极差，她因此写信要求全额退款，同时附上相关物品供对方核查。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“I bought a Perfect Muffin Kit from your store at Midfield Mall.(我从你们在Midfield Mall的店里买了一个完美松饼套装)”可知，信中称呼对方为“your store(你的店)”，说明这封信是写给这家商店的负责人的，即当地商店的老板。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When the muffins were done, I was eager to taste the promised ‘perfect’ ones. However, to my disappointment, these muffins were, in fact, absolutely terrible.(当松饼做好后，我渴望品尝承诺的“完美”松饼。然而，令我失望的是，这些松饼实际上非常糟糕。)”可知，作者感到失望是因为做出来的松饼并没有像包装上承诺的那样“完美”，即产品没有兑现它的承诺。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“I sincerely hope to receive a full refund ($3.99) for this product at the earliest.(我真诚地希望能尽早收到该产品的全额退款)”以及后文提到她随信附上了收据、空盒子和难吃的松饼作为凭证，可以明确得出作者写这封信的根本目的是为了要求退款。 B For many professional athletes, retirement means saying goodbye to training and competitions. But for Shang Chunsong, born in Zhangjiajie, Hunan province, former captain of China’s national women’s gymnastics team and an Olympic bronze medalist, it marks the beginning of an exciting journey in another sport — parkour (跑酷). On Nov 17, 28-year-old Shang won the gold medal in women’s freestyle at the Parkour World Championships in Japan, becoming the first Chinese athlete to win a world championship in parkour. Shang joined the national gymnastics team in 2010 and became the captain of the women’s team. At the 2016 Rio Olympics, Shang helped China bring home the bronze medal in the team event. However, she finished fourth in the women’s individual all-around competition, missing out on a medal. Such regrets became a burden for Shang. Although she had many victories in national competitions, she has never won a world championship. She retired from gymnastics in 2022 and decided to switch to parkour, an exciting extreme sport. Years of hard training in gymnastics paved the way for Shang’s move to parkour, as both sports require skills and flexibility. Compared to the strict rules of gymnastics, parkour has a more open style, giving Shang a strong sense of freedom. However, “the biggest challenge of the extreme sport is overcoming fear,” Shang told the Global Times. Parkour landings occur on hard surfaces, greatly increasing the risk of injury. While parkour training often leaves Shang injured, she continues to chase her passion. Her next goal is to win gold at the World Games 2025 in Chengdu. “I dream of seeing parkour become an Olympic event one day — hopefully while I’m still competing,” Shang said. 4. What did Shang Chunsong accomplish on November 17? A. She won the team event gold medal. B. She set a new world record in parkour. C. She won a world championship in parkour. D. She won a bronze medal in women’s freestyle. 5. What was one of Shang’s regrets in the 2016 Rio Olympics? A. She did not participate in it. B. She did not win a medal in it. C. She did not win a team medal. D. She did not win an individual medal. 6. For Shang Chunsong, the biggest challenge in parkour lies in ________. A. skills B. flexibility C. fear D. injuries 7. Which one would be the best title of the text? A. Parkour: A Rising Sport in China B. The World of Parkour Championships C. Shang Chunsong’s New Chapter in Gymnastics D. From Gymnastics to Parkour: Shang Chunsong’s New Journey 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述前中国女子体操队队长商春松退役后转型跑酷运动员，斩获跑酷世锦赛冠军，并继续追逐运动梦想的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On Nov 17, 28-year-old Shang won the gold medal in women’s freestyle at the Parkour World Championships in Japan, becoming the first Chinese athlete to win a world championship in parkour.(11 月 17 日，28 岁的商春松在日本举办的跑酷世锦赛女子自由式项目中夺得金牌，成为首位赢得跑酷世锦赛冠军的中国运动员)”可知，她取得了跑酷世锦赛冠军。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At the 2016 Rio Olympics, Shang helped China bring home the bronze medal in the team event. However, she finished fourth in the women’s individual all-around competition, missing out on a medal.(在 2016 里约奥运会，商春松助力中国队拿下团体铜牌。但她在女子个人全能比赛中获得第四名，没能拿到个人奖牌)”可知，她的遗憾是没能获得个人项目奖牌。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“However, “the biggest challenge of the extreme sport is overcoming fear,” Shang told the Global Times.(然而，商春松在接受《环球时报》采访时表示：“这项极限运动最大的挑战是克服恐惧。”)”可知，跑酷最大挑战是恐惧。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“For many professional athletes, retirement means saying goodbye to training and competitions. But for Shang Chunsong, born in Zhangjiajie, Hunan province, former captain of China’s national women’s gymnastics team and an Olympic bronze medalist, it marks the beginning of an exciting journey in another sport — parkour (跑酷).(对绝大多数职业运动员而言，退役就意味着告别训练赛场、结束竞技生涯。但湖南张家界籍运动员商春松 —— 中国女子体操队前队长、奥运会铜牌得主，她的退役，却是另一项运动（跑酷）全新精彩征程的起点。)”可知，文章主要介绍商春松从体操运动员转型跑酷运动员，开启全新运动征程。D选项“从体操走向跑酷，商春松的新旅程。”为最佳标题。 C “Thank you for your email. I have left to pursue my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office…until my penguin friends are happy.” This is part of an email received by a Chinese student studying in the UK from her tutor, which has recently gone viral (走红) online. You may find this email surprising, but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The idea was started by the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks in Australia. The project began due to a serious oil spill near Phillip Island in the late 1990s. During that time, the number and health of baby penguins dropped significantly. When little penguins became covered in oil, they tried to clean themselves with their beaks, but eating the oil could be fatal. The oil also damaged their feathers, making it difficult for them to swim or hunt for food. To solve this problem, the foundation asked knitters from all over the world to make sweaters for affected penguins. These sweaters could keep the penguins warm during the cleaning process and stop them from eating the oil. The method has proven effective. In 2001, another oil spill occurred near Phillip Island. Thanks to the sweaters, 96 percent of the affected penguins were successfully saved. However, some people have questioned the idea of animals wearing human-made clothing. Certain bird protection groups have raised concerns that these sweaters might put more stress on the penguins’ bodies. In response, the foundation explained that the sweaters are only a short-term solution and will not be used once the penguins recover. To ensure the penguins are protected and wearing appropriate clothes, the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length of the finished sweater should be no more than 18 cm, the width across the body no more than 12 cm and the width of the bottom opening no more than 11 cm. 8. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A. By telling a joke. B. By describing an email. C. By introducing a tutor. D. By quoting a famous saying. 9. What does the underlined word “fatal” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Deadly. B. Common. C. Difficult. D. Temporary. 10. Why was the project of knitting sweaters for penguins started? A. To make penguins look cute. B. To protect penguins from the cold. C. To help penguins affected by oil spills. D. To raise awareness of climate change. 11. What did the Penguin Foundation say about the knitting project? A. It brought unexpected benefits. B. It required strict size guidelines. C. It would be a long-term solution. D. It inspired a global love of knitting. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文从一封走红网络的离职邮件切入，介绍了澳大利亚为受石油泄漏影响的小企鹅编织毛衣的公益项目。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““Thank you for your email. I have left to pursue my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office…until my penguin friends are happy.” This is part of an email received by a Chinese student studying in the UK from her tutor, which has recently gone viral (走红) online.(“感谢你的邮件。我已经离开了，去追求为南极洲的企鹅编织毛衣的梦想，不再在经济学院工作。我会离开办公室……直到我的企鹅朋友们开心为止。”这是一位在英国留学的中国学生收到的来自她导师的邮件片段，这段内容最近在网络走红)”可知，作者开篇就分享了导师离职邮件的具体内容，通过描述这封特殊的邮件引出了给企鹅织毛衣的话题。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“When little penguins became covered in oil, they tried to clean themselves with their beaks, but eating the oil could be fatal. The oil also damaged their feathers, making it difficult for them to swim or hunt for food.(当小企鹅全身沾上石油后，它们会试图用喙清理自己，但是吃石油可能会fatal。石油还会损坏它们的羽毛，让它们难以游泳和觅食)”可知，石油对企鹅带来多重致命危害，误食石油的后果是危及生命，因此fatal意为“致命的”，和deadly含义一致。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The project began due to a serious oil spill near Phillip Island in the late 1990s. During that time, the number and health of baby penguins dropped significantly.(该项目起源于20世纪90年代末菲利普岛附近发生的严重石油泄漏。那段时间里，小企鹅的数量和健康状况都大幅下降)”以及第四段“To solve this problem, the foundation asked knitters from all over the world to make sweaters for affected penguins.(为了解决这个问题，基金会呼吁全球的编织爱好者给受影响的企鹅编织毛衣)”可知，这个项目发起的目的就是帮助受石油泄漏影响的企鹅。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To ensure the penguins are protected and wearing appropriate clothes, the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length of the finished sweater should be no more than 18 cm, the width across the body no more than 12 cm and the width of the bottom opening no more than 11 cm.(为了确保企鹅受到保护并且穿上合适的衣服，基金会给编织者提供了详细的要求规范。例如，成品毛衣总长度不能超过18厘米，身宽不超过12厘米，底部开口宽度不超过11厘米)”可知，企鹅基金会对毛衣项目提出了严格的尺寸规范要求。 D Scientists recently studied possible nutrient-dense meals fit for long-term space travel that both satisfy astronauts’ nutritional needs and taste better than existing alternatives. They tested 10 dishes to see which would be the best meal for male astronauts. The best meal would help space travelers get the calories and variety of nutrients they need during their long journeys and use crops that could be grown in space with minimal water. Ultimately, the best space meal turned out to be a hearty kale salad, according to their study. Space travelers have different nutritional requirements than people on Earth do. That’s because astronauts face unique stressors, including the vibration, noise, weightlessness, cosmic radiation and extreme temperature changes. Research suggests that a male astronaut needs to consume around 1.2 kilograms of food per day to maintain their body weight and energy levels. That diet should include more than double the carbohydrates and proteins than a typical person on Earth would require. With this in mind, the team assessed a variety of nutrient-dense ingredients using a statistical model, which also measured the foods’ capability of being grown in space or stored for a long time in a spacecraft. This model provided 10 “space dishes”; four were vegetarian, and six were made with plants and meat. And the model determined the best dish to meet astronauts’ nutritional needs while being suitable for space travel is a vegetarian salad made with soybeans, kale, peanuts, sweet potatoes and sunflower seeds — but notably, no salad dressing. Compared with plants, meat options typically provide a higher concentration of certain key nutrients, such as protein. However, the storage of animal products “requires a large space for long-term space missions”, making them tough ingredients to regularly include in an astronaut’s diet. In addition, there aren’t yet efficient methods for providing lab-grown meat in large quantities. The researchers plan to use their model to design meals for female astronauts and to include more crops into its model, according to a statement. 12. To make the best meal for male astronauts, the crops are required to ________. A. be easy to take care of B. be more nutritional than meat C. have a short life cycle D. grow with a very small amount of water 13. Why do astronauts have different nutritional requirements in space? A. They get hungry more quickly. B. They become fat more easily. C. They get sick more frequently. D. They face unique sources of pressure. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Why meat is less suitable for astronauts’ diet. B. How meat can be included in astronauts’ food. C. How important meat is for astronauts in space. D. What nutrients meat can provide for astronauts. 15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Education. D. Economy. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了一项科学研究，该研究旨在设计出既能满足宇航员营养需求又适合长期太空旅行的最佳膳食，最终发现一种素食沙拉是最佳选择，并分析了肉食在太空饮食中的局限性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They tested 10 dishes to see which would be the best meal for male astronauts. The best meal would help space travelers get the calories and variety of nutrients they need during their long journeys and use crops that could be grown in space with minimal water. (他们测试了10道菜，看看哪一道菜最适合男宇航员。最好的膳食将帮助太空旅行者在长途旅行中获得所需的卡路里和各种营养物质，并使用那些可以用最少的水在太空中种植的作物。)”可知，制作男性宇航员最优餐食的作物需要只需极少量的水就可以生长。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Space travelers have different nutritional requirements than people on Earth do. That’s because astronauts face unique stressors, including the vibration, noise, weightlessness, cosmic radiation and extreme temperature changes. (太空旅行者与地球上的人有不同的营养需求。这是因为宇航员面临着独特的压力源，包括振动、噪音、失重、宇宙辐射和极端温度变化。)”可知，宇航员营养需求不同是因为他们面临独特的压力源。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Compared with plants, meat options typically provide a higher concentration of certain key nutrients, such as protein. However, the storage of animal products “requires a large space for long-term space missions”, making them tough ingredients to regularly include in an astronaut’s diet. (与植物相比，肉类通常提供更高浓度的某些关键营养物质，如蛋白质。然而，动物产品的储存“在长期太空任务中需要很大空间”，这使得它们难以成为宇航员饮食中的常规食材。)”可知，本段主要讲解肉类不太适合纳入宇航员饮食的原因。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists recently studied possible nutrient-dense meals fit for long-term space travel that both satisfy astronauts’ nutritional needs and taste better than existing alternatives. (科学家最近研究了可能适合长期太空旅行的营养密集餐食，这些餐食既能满足宇航员的营养需求，又比现有替代品味道更好。)”可知，本文报道的是一项关于太空食品的科学研究，属于科学类内容，最可能出现在报纸的“科学”版面。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are interested in a career in journalism, you will need the right skills. ___16___ Either way, you will set yourself up for success by understanding what it takes to succeed in journalism. ___17___ Journalism is a career where you are constantly researching different topics and events. A natural curiosity about those things is vital. If you feel you lack enough of it, you can develop some. Start by observing the events you see. Then, learn to look for small details that others might not notice. Ask questions about everything, and your natural curiosity will grow. Organizational skills To excel as a journalist, you will likely have to handle many leads and stories simultaneously (同时地). ___18___ This includes managing physical and digital documents effectively. Mental organization is also helpful as you get the various ideas, interviews, and events straight in your mind. Solid interviewing skills As a journalist, you will use interviews to gather information, uncover new viewpoints, and make your finished piece trustworthy. Successful interviews depend on your ability to connect with interviewees. ___19___ Excellent research skills The heart of journalism is the ability to dig into data and research facts that others don’t readily know or find. Along with your research skills, you will need tenacity (执著). ___20___ However, your tenacity will help you find the answers if you keep digging. A. Writing skills B. Natural curiosity C. Therefore, you need to be quite organized. D. Sometimes, a lead may seem to go nowhere. E. Today, people prefer to get news from digital platforms. F. They tend to give more information when they feel comfortable. G. The following skills may either come naturally to you or require development. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍从事新闻行业需要具备几项核心能力，分别是天生的好奇心、组织能力、扎实的采访能力以及优秀的调研能力，并逐一讲解各项能力的培养要点。 【16题详解】 由上文“If you are interested in a career in journalism, you will need the right skills.(如果你对新闻职业感兴趣，就需要具备相应的技能)”以及下文“Either way, you will set yourself up for success by understanding what it takes to succeed in journalism.(无论哪种方式，了解新闻行业的成功要素都会帮你走向成功)”可知，本空总起下文各项技能，说明这些技能要么天生具备、要么后天培养。G选项“The following skills may either come naturally to you or require development.(以下这些技能有些可能是你与生俱来的，有些则需要后天培养)”能承上启下，选项中“either come naturally or require development”对应后文“Either way”，同时引出下文分段介绍的各项技能。 【17题详解】 本空为小标题。由本段内容“Journalism is a career where you are constantly researching different topics and events. A natural curiosity about those things is vital.(新闻工作需要不断调研各类话题事件，与生俱来的好奇心至关重要)”可知，整段围绕好奇心展开。B选项“Natural curiosity(天生的好奇心)”能准确概括本段主旨，统领整段内容。 【18题详解】 本段小标题为“Organizational skills (组织能力)”。上文“To excel as a journalist, you will likely have to handle many leads and stories simultaneously. (要成为一名优秀的记者，你可能需要同时处理许多线索和故事。)”指出需要同时处理多项任务，下文“This includes managing physical and digital documents effectively. (这包括有效地管理纸质和数字文件。)”中的“This”指代“组织能力”。C选项“Therefore, you need to be quite organized. (因此，你需要相当有条理。)”中的“organized”与小标题“Organizational skills”相呼应，且起到承上启下的作用。 【19题详解】 由上文“Successful interviews depend on your ability to connect with interviewees.(成功的采访取决于你与受访者建立沟通联结的能力)”可知，后文应介绍和受访者搞好关系带来的好处。F选项“They tend to give more information when they feel comfortable.(当受访者感到放松自在时，往往会透露更多信息)”中“They”指代前文“interviewees”，承接采访沟通的话题。 【20题详解】 本段小标题为“Excellent research skills (优秀的研究能力)”。上文“Along with your research skills, you will need tenacity. (除了研究技能，你还需要韧性。)”指出韧性重要，下文“However, your tenacity will help you find the answers if you keep digging. (然而，如果你继续挖掘，你的韧性会帮你找到答案。)”中的“However”表示转折，说明在此之前会遇到困难。D选项“Sometimes, a lead may seem to go nowhere. (有时候，一条线索可能看起来毫无进展。)”与后文形成转折关系，符合题意。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emma is a lively girl. She joined the school’s dance club as soon as she ____21____ high school. She had heard lots of ____22____ about high school clubs and had always been curious to join one. As the school’s 100th anniversary drew near, Emma’s club needed to perform at the celebration. Emma was both excited and ____23____ when she knew she had been ____24____ to be one of the performers. Emma wasn’t used to performing ____25____. However, her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope and her ____26____ improved. The day finally came. Emma ____27____ her dance moves over and over again in her mind when she and the team were ____28____ backstage. Then, they stepped onto the stage one by one. With butterflies in her stomach, Emma began to dance. ____29____, she stumbled (绊脚) and fell. At that very moment, she breathed heavily and her heart was racing like a ____30____ rabbit. The audience saw that in surprise, ____31____ soon they cheered Emma on. With her teammates’ help, Emma picked herself up and ____32____ to dance with calm. Then the team went all out for the show, and the audience were impressed by them. When it was all over, the audience ____33____ the performers with cheers and praise. Emma’s team even won an award! Emma was ____34____ for the love and support from her teammates and the audience. She realized that bravely facing fears and rising to challenges are necessary ____35____ to have. Surely, she will remember the experience forever. 21. A. left B. finished C. started D. skipped 22. A. descriptions B. dreams C. experiences D. situations 23. A. puzzled B. nervous C. bored D. angry 24. A. chosen B. proved C. found D. expected 25. A. in advance B. in secret C. in pairs D. in public 26. A. confidence B. health C. skill D. interest 27. A. imagined B. practiced C. designed D. learned 28. A. performing B. arguing C. talking D. waiting 29. A. Quickly B. Clearly C. Suddenly D. Beautifully 30. A. dead B. scared C. wounded D. cute 31. A. so B. or C. and D. but 32. A. continued B. failed C. forgot D. stopped 33. A. helped B. troubled C. showered D. compared 34. A. famous B. thankful C. suitable D. responsible 35. A. topics B. views C. resources D. qualities 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了Emma在加入学校舞蹈俱乐部后，被选中在百年校庆上表演。尽管她紧张并在台上意外摔倒，但在队友和观众的鼓励下，她重拾信心完成了表演，并从中领悟到勇敢面对恐惧和迎接挑战是必备品质的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：她一上高中就加入了学校的舞蹈俱乐部。A. left离开；B. finished完成；C. started开始；D. skipped跳过。根据后文“She had heard lots of... about high school clubs and had always been curious to join one.”可知，Emma对高中社团充满好奇，因此是在刚开始上高中时就加入了舞蹈俱乐部。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：她听说过很多关于高中社团的描述，一直很好奇能加入一个。A. descriptions描述；B. dreams梦想；C. experiences经历；D. situations情况。根据前文“She had heard lots of”以及后文“had always been curious to join one.”可知，前文提到了听说过很多……，后文提到了产生好奇心要加入，可推理出此处说的是Emma听别人描述了高中社团的情况后，才产生了好奇心并想要加入。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当得知自己被选中成为表演者之一时，Emma既兴奋又紧张。A. puzzled困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据后文“Emma wasn’t used to performing...”以及后文她上台前“With butterflies in her stomach”可知，Emma缺乏公开表演的经验，因此得知入选时除了兴奋，还感到紧张。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. chosen挑选；B. proved证明；C. found发现；D. expected期待。根据后文“to be one of the performers.”可知，后文提到了成为表演者之一，可推理出Emma是从俱乐部成员中被选中去参加校庆表演的。 【25题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：Emma不习惯在公众面前表演。A. in advance提前；B. in secret秘密地；C. in pairs成对地；D. in public在公共场合。根据后文“her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope”可知，后文提到了队友的鼓励给了她希望，可推理出她不习惯在公众面前表演。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，队友们的鼓励给了她希望，她的自信心也增强了。A. confidence自信；B. health健康；C. skill技能；D. interest兴趣。根据前文“her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope”可知，队友的鼓励给了Emma希望，可推理出她的自信心得到了提升。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：当她和团队在后台等待时，Emma在脑海中一遍又一遍地想象着她的舞蹈动作。A. imagined想象；B. practiced练习；C. designed设计；D. learned学习。根据后文“in her mind”可知，后文提到了在脑海中，可推理出Emma是在脑海中想象舞蹈动作。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. performing表演；B. arguing争吵；C. talking谈话；D. waiting等待。根据后文“backstage”以及“Then, they stepped onto the stage one by one.”可知，后文提到了后台，还提到了他们逐一走上舞台，可推理出在走上舞台之前，Emma和团队是在后台等待上场。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：突然，她绊了一下摔倒了。A. Quickly迅速地；B. Clearly清楚地；C. Suddenly突然地；D. Beautifully美丽地。根据前文“Emma began to dance.”以及后文“she stumbled (绊脚) and fell.”可知，前文提到了开始跳舞，后文提到了她绊了一下摔倒了，可推理出意外是突然发生的。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那一刻，她喘着粗气，心跳得像一只受惊的兔子。A. dead死的；B. scared害怕的，惊恐的；C. wounded受伤的；D. cute可爱的。根据前文“she stumbled and fell”以及“breathed heavily”可知，Emma摔倒后感到非常紧张和害怕，可推理出此处说的是她心跳得像受惊的兔子。 【31题详解】 考查连词。句意：观众惊讶地看到了这一幕，但很快他们就为Emma加油。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. and并且；D. but但是。根据前文“The audience saw that in surprise”与后文“soon they cheered Emma on.”可知，观众先是惊讶，随后转为鼓励，前后存在转折关系，使用转折连词but。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：在队友的帮助下，Emma站了起来，继续平静地跳舞。A. continued继续；B. failed失败；C. forgot忘记；D. stopped停止。根据后文“dance with calm”可知，后文提到平静地跳舞，可推理出Emma摔倒后重新站起来，并继续平静地完成了舞蹈。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：当一切结束时，观众向表演者报以热烈的欢呼与赞美。A. helped帮助；B. troubled麻烦；C. showered倾泻、大量给予；D. compared比较。根据后文“with cheers and praise”可知，后文提到了欢呼和赞美，可推理出观众给予了表演者大量的欢呼和赞美，shower sb. with sth.表示“向某人倾注/大量给予某物”。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Emma对队友和观众的爱与支持感到感激。A. famous著名的；B. thankful感激的；C. suitable合适的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文“the love and support from her teammates and the audience”可知，后文提到了队友和观众的爱与支持，可推理出此处说的是Emma对队友和观众的爱与支持感到感激。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：她意识到，勇敢地面对恐惧和迎接挑战是必备的品质。A. topics话题；B. views观点；C. resources资源；D. qualities品质。根据前文“bravely facing fears and rising to challenges”可知，前文提到了，勇敢地面对恐惧和迎接挑战，可推理出此处说的是勇敢面对恐惧和迎接挑战属于个人内在的优良品质。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Respected scholar Florence Chia-ying Yeh, also ____36____ (know) as Ye Jiaying, passed away on Nov 24 in Tianjin at the age of 100, according to Nankai University, ____37____ she worked for a large part of her life. Born to ____38____ literary family in Beijing in 1924, Yeh began learning classical literature at an early age. She graduated ____39____ Peking University in 1945 and started her teaching career. Later, she taught at universities in China’s Taiwan and the United States before ____40____ (settle) in Vancouver, Canada in 1964. In 1979, Yeh returned to the Chinese mainland ____41____ (give) lectures during holidays. She lived and worked at Nankai University during her final ____42____ (decade). In 2018 and 2019, Yeh donated all her savings to Nankai University. She ____43____ (award) the “Touching China” award in 2020. Ye dedicated more than 70 years to teaching, researching and promoting classical Chinese poetry both in China and ____44____ (international), making an enormous ____45____ (contribute) to bringing it to a wider audience. 【答案】36. known 37. where 38. a 39. from 40. settling 41. to give 42. decades 43. was awarded 44. internationally 45. contribution 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍了著名学者叶嘉莹的生平经历、教育事业成就以及她为中国古典诗词传播推广做出的卓越贡献。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据叶嘉莹大半生都任职于此的南开大学消息，受人尊敬的学者Florence Chia-ying Yeh，也被称为叶嘉莹，于11月24日在天津逝世，享年100岁。passed away作谓语动词，know作非谓语动词，主语Respected scholar Florence Chia-ying Yeh和动词know之间是逻辑上的被动关系，固定搭配be known as表示“作为……被熟知、被称为”，此处用过去分词known作后置定语修饰主语。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据叶嘉莹大半生都任职于此的南开大学消息，受人尊敬的学者Florence Chia-ying Yeh，也被称为叶嘉莹，于11月24日在天津逝世，享年100岁。此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Nankai University，这是表示地点的名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，需要用关系副词where引导从句。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：叶嘉莹1924年出生于北京一个文学世家，很小的时候就开始学习古典文学。此处表示泛指“一个文学家庭”，literary是以辅音音素开头的单词，要使用不定冠词a。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：她1945年从北京大学毕业，开启了自己的教学生涯。graduate from是固定搭配，意为“从……毕业”，填介词from。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来她先后在中国台湾和美国的多所大学任教，1964年定居加拿大温哥华。before在句中为介词，后面需要接动词settle的动名词形式settling作宾语。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1979年，叶嘉莹回到中国大陆，在假期期间开设讲座。此处用动词不定式to give作目的状语，说明返回大陆的目的是讲学。 【42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：她人生的最后几十年在南开大学生活和工作。此处表示“数十年”，decade“十年”是可数名词，表示多个十年的时间，需要用复数形式decades。 【43题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：2020年她被授予“感动中国”奖项。award作谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 2020”可知，此句陈述过去发生的事情，主语She和动词award之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，对应be动词用was，此空填was awarded。  【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：叶嘉莹七十余载潜心致力于中国古典诗词的教学、研究与海内外推广工作，为让更多人了解中国古典诗词做出了巨大的贡献。此处和空前的in China并列，在句中作地点状语，需要用副词形式internationally。  【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：叶嘉莹七十余载潜心致力于中国古典诗词的教学、研究与海内外推广工作，为让更多人了解中国古典诗词做出了巨大的贡献。作make宾语，需要把动词contribute变为名词contribution，冠词an提示用名词单数形式。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 请以Effective ways to protect eyes为题，写一篇英语短文以分享保护眼睛的方法。词数80左右。 Effective ways to protect eyes ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Effective ways to protect eyes As digital devices take up much of our daily time, more people suffer from vision problems. Eyes are the most precious window for us to see the world, so it is vital to protect them. Here’re some effective ways. First, take a 10-minute break every hour when working or studying to look at distant green plants. Second, keep a proper distance from screens when reading or using phones. Finally, do eye exercises daily to relax tired eye muscles. With these small efforts, we can keep our eyes healthy for long. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以Effective ways to protect eyes为题，写一篇英语短文分享保护眼睛的方法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 占用：take up→occupy 保护：protect→preserve 合适的：proper→appropriate 保持：keep→maintain 2. 句式拓展 简单句改为复合句 原句：With these small efforts, we can keep our eyes healthy for long. 拓展句：If we stick to these small efforts, we can keep our eyes healthy for long. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As digital devices take up much of our daily time, more people suffer from vision problems.(使用了As引导时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Eyes are the most precious window for us to see the world, so it is vital to protect them. (使用了不定式to see…作后置定语和不定式to protect…在it is+adj.+to do…句型中作主语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Christmas was approaching, I somehow thought about the holiday spirit and the touching moments in my life. Over the past few holidays, many people have shown my family, especially my kids, kindness. For example, one Christmas, when my family was on the bus, my son Jimmy felt quite sick. When we got off at one stop, he threw up. But I didn’t have any tissues to clean the dirt. Just then, a lady offered me lots of tissues. And one Christmas, my little daughter Sally was ill and some neighbors visited us and brought her snacks and toys. Surely, our kids received nice things not only from such people but also from us. Each Christmas, my husband and I would give them many great gifts. So I was inspired to encourage my kids to show the spirit of Christmas — “giving”. I told my husband, “Let’s do something different this year. I’m tired of all the efforts to try to find the best gifts for our kids. They’re old enough to learn more about the true meaning of giving during the holiday. Don’t you think so?” “Uh, sure, I guess so,” he replied, looking puzzled. Maybe we shouldn’t limit our gift-giving to our own kids. We could buy our kids’ good friends — the Jones’ kids — some clothes. I explained the Jones family had such a hard year. My husband agreed and suggested getting our kids involved as well. Before I could tell them our idea, Jimmy and Sally excitedly told me what they wanted for Christmas and showed me a list. Not wanting to disappoint them, I took a deep breath and told them they wouldn’t get as much this year because we were going to help a needy family. Unsurprisingly, the joy on their faces disappeared immediately. 注意：1. 续写词数150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then I tried to explain to them the idea behind our decision. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Not wanting the family to feel embarrassed, we decided to give the gifts in secret. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Then I tried to explain to them the idea behind our decision. I told them the true Christmas spirit and the touching moments when strangers and neighbors helped our family out in previous Christmas seasons. I said, “Now it’s our turn to give.” To my relief, their upset was replaced with interest. When I told them we’d help the Jones family, their faces lit up. I asked what gifts they hoped to offer. After a moment of thought, Jimmy replied, “Warm jeans and hats, so they won’t feel cold.” Sally nodded and added, “And some snacks too!” Their excitement returned, even stronger than before. We went shopping together, and the kids carefully chose every item. Not wanting the family to feel embarrassed, we decided to give the gifts in secret. Then, on Christmas morning before sunrise, we left for their house carrying bags of gifts. Upon arrival, we quietly placed the bags at their door with a Christmas card. We rang the bell, hid behind the nearby bushes and watched as they found the gifts — their smiles said it all. Our kids were thrilled, whispering and giggling all the way home. This Christmas turned out special. We took delight in bringing surprises to others instead of merely chasing our own desires. 【解析】 【导语】本文以圣诞节“给予”的节日精神为线索，主要讲述了作者在圣诞节来临之际，引导孩子们从只关注自己的礼物转变为主动帮助困难家庭，引导孩子领悟圣诞节不在于索取，而在于分享与给予的真谛。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者如何向孩子们解释决定的缘由、孩子们从失望到理解的态度转变过程，以及全家一起为琼斯家挑选礼物的具体经过。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者一家在圣诞清晨秘密前往琼斯家赠送礼物的具体过程，以及全家从这次赠予中领悟到的“给予的快乐”。 2. 续写线索：向孩子解释决定——孩子从失望转为理解——全家一起挑选礼物——圣诞清晨前往赠礼——领悟给予的快乐与圣诞真谛 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：reply/respond ②低语：whisper/exchange whispers ③追求：chase/pursue 情绪类 ①笑：giggle/chuckle ②从……中获得快乐：take delight in/take pleasure in 【点睛】【高分句型1】I told them the true Christmas spirit and the touching moments when strangers and neighbors helped our family out in previous Christmas seasons. (运用了when引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】When I told them we’d help the Jones family, their faces lit up. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 张家界市2024年普通高中二年级第一学期期末联考 英语试题卷 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．How does the food taste? A．Bad. B．Sweet. C．Good. 2．Where is Mike? A．At a wedding. B．At the cinema. C．At the train station. 3．What did the woman see this morning? A．A video. B．The sunrise. C．Some paintings. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．An exam. B．A dinner party. C．A weekend plan. 5．Who are the two speakers? A．Workmates. B．Boss and worker. C．Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．What’s the woman’s problem? A．She can’t learn math well. B．She can’t concentrate in class. C．She isn’t interested in any subject. 7．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Do more exercises. B．Ask the teacher for help. C．Find others to study with. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How does the man feel about the recent weather? A．Excited. B．Annoyed. C．Surprised. 9．When does the woman usually leave the office? A．At 6:00 p.m. B．At 6:30 p.m. C．At 7:00 p.m. 10．What is the man probably going to do next? A．Wait until the rain stops. B．Leave without an umbrella. C．Borrow the woman’s umbrella. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the man think of jazz? A．Unpopular. B．Difficult. C．Noisy. 12．What instrument does the man like best? A．The piano. B．The drums. C．The bass. 13．What will the man be busy with this weekend? A．A music show. B．A jazz class. C．Band practice. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．How often did the man run when he was younger? A．Twice a week. B．Four days a week. C．Every day. 15．Which event is the man good at? A．Short distance. B．Middle distance. C．Long distance. 16．How fast can the man run the event now? A．In about 3 minutes. B．Within 4 minutes. C．In about 6 minutes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．How old is the main hall? A．100 years old. B．200 years old. C．300 years old. 18．What is the main hall used for today? A．Having dinners. B．Holding parties. C．Keeping paintings. 19．Where will the speaker go last of all? A．The wooded area. B．The playground. C．The restaurant. 20．What can the listeners do upstairs? A．See some old furniture. B．Try to make bread. C．Learn the history of farming. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To Whom it May Concern: On March 5th, I bought a Perfect Muffin Kit from your store at Midfield Mall. The cashier, George, was very friendly and convinced me that the kit would live up to the guarantee on the box: “Perfect Muffins Every Time!” I followed the provided directions very carefully. First, I took out the bag of mix and poured it into a bowl. Next, I added the correct amount of water and stirred it. The directions said that after stirring the mixture, I could “add half a cup of raisins, nuts, berries, or another favorite ingredient.” Since I’m fond of spicy flavors and find that hot sauce enhances the taste of many dishes, I added half a cup of hot sauce to the mix. Finally, I poured the mix into muffin tins and baked it in the oven at 350 degrees for exactly 20 minutes. When the muffins were done, I was eager to taste the promised “perfect” ones. However, to my disappointment, these muffins were, in fact, absolutely terrible. Not even my dog was interested in eating these supposedly “perfect” muffins. I sincerely hope to receive a full refund ($3.99) for this product at the earliest. I have enclosed the receipt, the empty box, and one of the unperfect muffins for your reference. Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter. Sincerely, Michelle Bauer 1. Who is the letter most likely written to? A. A local store owner. B. The clerk at a local muffin bakery. C. George, the cashier. D. The owner of the muffin mix company. 2. Why is the author disappointed with the product? A. It was overpriced. B. It did not live up to its promise. C. The instructions were incorrect. D. The instructions were too complex. 3. Why did the author write the letter? A. To get a refund. B. To complain about the taste. C. To warn others. D. To suggest a change in packaging. B For many professional athletes, retirement means saying goodbye to training and competitions. But for Shang Chunsong, born in Zhangjiajie, Hunan province, former captain of China’s national women’s gymnastics team and an Olympic bronze medalist, it marks the beginning of an exciting journey in another sport — parkour (跑酷). On Nov 17, 28-year-old Shang won the gold medal in women’s freestyle at the Parkour World Championships in Japan, becoming the first Chinese athlete to win a world championship in parkour. Shang joined the national gymnastics team in 2010 and became the captain of the women’s team. At the 2016 Rio Olympics, Shang helped China bring home the bronze medal in the team event. However, she finished fourth in the women’s individual all-around competition, missing out on a medal. Such regrets became a burden for Shang. Although she had many victories in national competitions, she has never won a world championship. She retired from gymnastics in 2022 and decided to switch to parkour, an exciting extreme sport. Years of hard training in gymnastics paved the way for Shang’s move to parkour, as both sports require skills and flexibility. Compared to the strict rules of gymnastics, parkour has a more open style, giving Shang a strong sense of freedom. However, “the biggest challenge of the extreme sport is overcoming fear,” Shang told the Global Times. Parkour landings occur on hard surfaces, greatly increasing the risk of injury. While parkour training often leaves Shang injured, she continues to chase her passion. Her next goal is to win gold at the World Games 2025 in Chengdu. “I dream of seeing parkour become an Olympic event one day — hopefully while I’m still competing,” Shang said. 4. What did Shang Chunsong accomplish on November 17? A. She won the team event gold medal. B. She set a new world record in parkour. C. She won a world championship in parkour. D. She won a bronze medal in women’s freestyle. 5. What was one of Shang’s regrets in the 2016 Rio Olympics? A. She did not participate in it. B. She did not win a medal in it. C. She did not win a team medal. D. She did not win an individual medal. 6. For Shang Chunsong, the biggest challenge in parkour lies in ________. A. skills B. flexibility C. fear D. injuries 7. Which one would be the best title of the text? A. Parkour: A Rising Sport in China B. The World of Parkour Championships C. Shang Chunsong’s New Chapter in Gymnastics D. From Gymnastics to Parkour: Shang Chunsong’s New Journey C “Thank you for your email. I have left to pursue my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office…until my penguin friends are happy.” This is part of an email received by a Chinese student studying in the UK from her tutor, which has recently gone viral (走红) online. You may find this email surprising, but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The idea was started by the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks in Australia. The project began due to a serious oil spill near Phillip Island in the late 1990s. During that time, the number and health of baby penguins dropped significantly. When little penguins became covered in oil, they tried to clean themselves with their beaks, but eating the oil could be fatal. The oil also damaged their feathers, making it difficult for them to swim or hunt for food. To solve this problem, the foundation asked knitters from all over the world to make sweaters for affected penguins. These sweaters could keep the penguins warm during the cleaning process and stop them from eating the oil. The method has proven effective. In 2001, another oil spill occurred near Phillip Island. Thanks to the sweaters, 96 percent of the affected penguins were successfully saved. However, some people have questioned the idea of animals wearing human-made clothing. Certain bird protection groups have raised concerns that these sweaters might put more stress on the penguins’ bodies. In response, the foundation explained that the sweaters are only a short-term solution and will not be used once the penguins recover. To ensure the penguins are protected and wearing appropriate clothes, the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length of the finished sweater should be no more than 18 cm, the width across the body no more than 12 cm and the width of the bottom opening no more than 11 cm. 8. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A. By telling a joke. B. By describing an email. C. By introducing a tutor. D. By quoting a famous saying. 9. What does the underlined word “fatal” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Deadly. B. Common. C. Difficult. D. Temporary. 10. Why was the project of knitting sweaters for penguins started? A. To make penguins look cute. B. To protect penguins from the cold. C. To help penguins affected by oil spills. D. To raise awareness of climate change. 11. What did the Penguin Foundation say about the knitting project? A. It brought unexpected benefits. B. It required strict size guidelines. C. It would be a long-term solution. D. It inspired a global love of knitting. D Scientists recently studied possible nutrient-dense meals fit for long-term space travel that both satisfy astronauts’ nutritional needs and taste better than existing alternatives. They tested 10 dishes to see which would be the best meal for male astronauts. The best meal would help space travelers get the calories and variety of nutrients they need during their long journeys and use crops that could be grown in space with minimal water. Ultimately, the best space meal turned out to be a hearty kale salad, according to their study. Space travelers have different nutritional requirements than people on Earth do. That’s because astronauts face unique stressors, including the vibration, noise, weightlessness, cosmic radiation and extreme temperature changes. Research suggests that a male astronaut needs to consume around 1.2 kilograms of food per day to maintain their body weight and energy levels. That diet should include more than double the carbohydrates and proteins than a typical person on Earth would require. With this in mind, the team assessed a variety of nutrient-dense ingredients using a statistical model, which also measured the foods’ capability of being grown in space or stored for a long time in a spacecraft. This model provided 10 “space dishes”; four were vegetarian, and six were made with plants and meat. And the model determined the best dish to meet astronauts’ nutritional needs while being suitable for space travel is a vegetarian salad made with soybeans, kale, peanuts, sweet potatoes and sunflower seeds — but notably, no salad dressing. Compared with plants, meat options typically provide a higher concentration of certain key nutrients, such as protein. However, the storage of animal products “requires a large space for long-term space missions”, making them tough ingredients to regularly include in an astronaut’s diet. In addition, there aren’t yet efficient methods for providing lab-grown meat in large quantities. The researchers plan to use their model to design meals for female astronauts and to include more crops into its model, according to a statement. 12. To make the best meal for male astronauts, the crops are required to ________. A. be easy to take care of B. be more nutritional than meat C. have a short life cycle D. grow with a very small amount of water 13. Why do astronauts have different nutritional requirements in space? A. They get hungry more quickly. B. They become fat more easily. C. They get sick more frequently. D. They face unique sources of pressure. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Why meat is less suitable for astronauts’ diet. B. How meat can be included in astronauts’ food. C. How important meat is for astronauts in space. D. What nutrients meat can provide for astronauts. 15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Education. D. Economy. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are interested in a career in journalism, you will need the right skills. ___16___ Either way, you will set yourself up for success by understanding what it takes to succeed in journalism. ___17___ Journalism is a career where you are constantly researching different topics and events. A natural curiosity about those things is vital. If you feel you lack enough of it, you can develop some. Start by observing the events you see. Then, learn to look for small details that others might not notice. Ask questions about everything, and your natural curiosity will grow. Organizational skills To excel as a journalist, you will likely have to handle many leads and stories simultaneously (同时地). ___18___ This includes managing physical and digital documents effectively. Mental organization is also helpful as you get the various ideas, interviews, and events straight in your mind. Solid interviewing skills As a journalist, you will use interviews to gather information, uncover new viewpoints, and make your finished piece trustworthy. Successful interviews depend on your ability to connect with interviewees. ___19___ Excellent research skills The heart of journalism is the ability to dig into data and research facts that others don’t readily know or find. Along with your research skills, you will need tenacity (执著). ___20___ However, your tenacity will help you find the answers if you keep digging. A. Writing skills B. Natural curiosity C. Therefore, you need to be quite organized. D. Sometimes, a lead may seem to go nowhere. E. Today, people prefer to get news from digital platforms. F. They tend to give more information when they feel comfortable. G. The following skills may either come naturally to you or require development. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Emma is a lively girl. She joined the school’s dance club as soon as she ____21____ high school. She had heard lots of ____22____ about high school clubs and had always been curious to join one. As the school’s 100th anniversary drew near, Emma’s club needed to perform at the celebration. Emma was both excited and ____23____ when she knew she had been ____24____ to be one of the performers. Emma wasn’t used to performing ____25____. However, her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope and her ____26____ improved. The day finally came. Emma ____27____ her dance moves over and over again in her mind when she and the team were ____28____ backstage. Then, they stepped onto the stage one by one. With butterflies in her stomach, Emma began to dance. ____29____, she stumbled (绊脚) and fell. At that very moment, she breathed heavily and her heart was racing like a ____30____ rabbit. The audience saw that in surprise, ____31____ soon they cheered Emma on. With her teammates’ help, Emma picked herself up and ____32____ to dance with calm. Then the team went all out for the show, and the audience were impressed by them. When it was all over, the audience ____33____ the performers with cheers and praise. Emma’s team even won an award! Emma was ____34____ for the love and support from her teammates and the audience. She realized that bravely facing fears and rising to challenges are necessary ____35____ to have. Surely, she will remember the experience forever. 21. A. left B. finished C. started D. skipped 22. A. descriptions B. dreams C. experiences D. situations 23. A. puzzled B. nervous C. bored D. angry 24. A. chosen B. proved C. found D. expected 25. A. in advance B. in secret C. in pairs D. in public 26. A. confidence B. health C. skill D. interest 27. A. imagined B. practiced C. designed D. learned 28. A. performing B. arguing C. talking D. waiting 29. A. Quickly B. Clearly C. Suddenly D. Beautifully 30. A. dead B. scared C. wounded D. cute 31. A. so B. or C. and D. but 32. A. continued B. failed C. forgot D. stopped 33. A. helped B. troubled C. showered D. compared 34. A. famous B. thankful C. suitable D. responsible 35. A. topics B. views C. resources D. qualities 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Respected scholar Florence Chia-ying Yeh, also ____36____ (know) as Ye Jiaying, passed away on Nov 24 in Tianjin at the age of 100, according to Nankai University, ____37____ she worked for a large part of her life. Born to ____38____ literary family in Beijing in 1924, Yeh began learning classical literature at an early age. She graduated ____39____ Peking University in 1945 and started her teaching career. Later, she taught at universities in China’s Taiwan and the United States before ____40____ (settle) in Vancouver, Canada in 1964. In 1979, Yeh returned to the Chinese mainland ____41____ (give) lectures during holidays. She lived and worked at Nankai University during her final ____42____ (decade). In 2018 and 2019, Yeh donated all her savings to Nankai University. She ____43____ (award) the “Touching China” award in 2020. Ye dedicated more than 70 years to teaching, researching and promoting classical Chinese poetry both in China and ____44____ (international), making an enormous ____45____ (contribute) to bringing it to a wider audience. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 请以Effective ways to protect eyes为题，写一篇英语短文以分享保护眼睛的方法。词数80左右。 Effective ways to protect eyes ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Christmas was approaching, I somehow thought about the holiday spirit and the touching moments in my life. Over the past few holidays, many people have shown my family, especially my kids, kindness. For example, one Christmas, when my family was on the bus, my son Jimmy felt quite sick. When we got off at one stop, he threw up. But I didn’t have any tissues to clean the dirt. Just then, a lady offered me lots of tissues. And one Christmas, my little daughter Sally was ill and some neighbors visited us and brought her snacks and toys. Surely, our kids received nice things not only from such people but also from us. Each Christmas, my husband and I would give them many great gifts. So I was inspired to encourage my kids to show the spirit of Christmas — “giving”. I told my husband, “Let’s do something different this year. I’m tired of all the efforts to try to find the best gifts for our kids. They’re old enough to learn more about the true meaning of giving during the holiday. Don’t you think so?” “Uh, sure, I guess so,” he replied, looking puzzled. Maybe we shouldn’t limit our gift-giving to our own kids. We could buy our kids’ good friends — the Jones’ kids — some clothes. I explained the Jones family had such a hard year. My husband agreed and suggested getting our kids involved as well. Before I could tell them our idea, Jimmy and Sally excitedly told me what they wanted for Christmas and showed me a list. Not wanting to disappoint them, I took a deep breath and told them they wouldn’t get as much this year because we were going to help a needy family. Unsurprisingly, the joy on their faces disappeared immediately. 注意：1. 续写词数150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then I tried to explain to them the idea behind our decision. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Not wanting the family to feel embarrassed, we decided to give the gifts in secret. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $