Unit 2 Teenage problems 语法篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册导练测同步（译林版2024）

本讲义聚焦初中英语宾语从句核心语法点，系统梳理that、if/whether、连接代词/副词及疑问词组引导的从句用法，涵盖陈述句语序、时态匹配、易混点辨析（如whether不可替代if的场景）及简化规则，构建从基础到进阶的学习支架。 资料以表格对比呈现引导词特点与例句，结合袁隆平科学家等生活化实例，在语境中培养语言能力与思维品质，助力学生分析从句成分与语序转换。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后总结表格与简化方法便于学生自主回顾，有效查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

Unit 2 Teenage problems 语法篇 (满分45分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分15分) 1. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have ________ we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. whether D. what 2. Nobody could tell exactly ________ the ancient treasure ________ hidden during the war, but many people were still searching for it. A. when, was B. that, was C. whether, has been D. if, was 3. —Did you notice someone was passing? —Yes, I did. I knew it was a girl, but I didn’t see clearly ______ she was. A. where B. what C. how D. who 4. Before the sales start, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. which C. how D. what 5. —Anhui’s Lu’an Guapian is famous for its nice taste. Do you know ________ it is still popular today? —Because people have kept the traditional making skills. A. how B. why C. when D. where 6. ________ you see John this morning, please ask him ________  he will have time tomorrow. A. Whether, if B. If, whether C. Whether, whether or not D. If, if or not 7. I don’t doubt ________ he can do the job well, but I doubt ________ he can finish it on time. A. if, that B. that, whether C. that, that D. whether, if 8. — Mum, I’m not sure ________ I can win the school’s “Green Innovator” competition. — Just do your best, my dear. It will be a great experience ________ you win or not. A. if, that B. that, if C. if, no matter D. whether, whether 9. Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise! A. had come B. have come C. would come D. will come 10. —Could you tell me if he __________ junior high next year? —Yes, of course. If he __________ progress in his schoolwork, all of us will be proud of him. A. will attend, made B. attends, makes C. will attend, makes D. attends, will make 11. ________ others may say, you just choose ________ you like. A. No matter what, whatever B. Whatever, no matter what C. No matter how, however D. However, no matter how 12. —I’m going to study abroad, but I’m really nervous. I have no idea ______. —Take it easy. You can start by making a list of things to prepare. A. how can I get ready for it B. what I should do first C. that I need to take some courses in advance D. if the language barrier was a big problem 13.—Alice, I’m also wondering ________. —How to think deeper and broader. A. how you have learned  from reading B. what you have learned from reading C. how have you learned from reading D. what have you learned from reading 14. —Daming, do you know ________? —Because he can see the changes in our home town. A. why Grandpa loves city walks B. why does Grandpa love city walks C. when Grandpa takes a city walk D. when does Grandpa take a city walk 15. People in other countries can better understand ________ through these photos. A. what life here is like B. what is life here like C. how life here is like D. how is life here like 二、句型转换(每题2分，满分20分) 注意：1-5合并为一句；6-10改为同义句 1. Lisa asks Bailing, “How do you deal with arguments?” Lisa asks Bailing ___________________ with arguments. 2. Would you please tell me? Will Mr. Lee go hiking with us? Would you please tell me ___________________ go hiking with us? 3. “Why can Lucy always be so brave?” she thought to herself. She thought to herself ___________________ always be so brave. 4. Bill asked, “Where is the nearest restaurant?” Bill asked ________ the nearest restaurant ________. 5. Where can I get some stamps? Do you know? Do you know ___________________ get some stamps? 6. He expected to be forgiven. He expected that he ______________ forgiven. 7. Mr. White wondered where he could buy a map of Shanghai. Mr. White wondered ________ a map of Shanghai. 8. Mona doesn’t know what she can do next. Mona doesn’t know ___________________ next. 9. I wondered the date for the conference call. I wondered ___________________ have the conference call. 10. Jim hasn’t decided whether he should go home by bus or by train. Jim hasn’t decided ___________________ by bus or by train. 三、请认真阅读下面短文，在有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词(每题1分，满分10分) I have a good friend called Amy. These days she looks tired and sad all the time, so I often wonder ___1___ she feels stressed these days. Yesterday I talked with her after class. I asked her ___2___ she had too much homework every day. She sighed and told me ___3___ she didn’t sleep well every night and worried a lot about her exams. I wanted to know more about her problems, so I also wanted to know ___4___ subject she found the hardest. She told me ___5___ math was difficult for her. Then I asked her ___6___ she could finish her homework before bedtime. She shook her head and said she didn’t know ___7___ she could keep a good mood. I tried to cheer her up. I told her ___8___ she should talk with her parents about her feelings. I also asked ___9___ she needed my help with her lessons. I really hope she can find out ___10___ to relax and become happy again. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Teenage problems 语法篇 关于“if或whether引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们可用if或whether引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。如： I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 ◆连词if和whether意思是“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用if。如： Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week. 汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 ◆宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。如： “Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?” Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking if/whether Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday. 胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 ◆宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。如： She wonders, “Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?” → She wonders if/whether she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 “Can you help me?” she asks. → She asks if/whether I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 关于“连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know whose pencil this is.我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows when the train will arrive.没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有when、where、how、why。 ◆连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me what they are doing?你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ (what在从句中做宾语，意思是“什么”) ◆宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know why that little boy is crying.她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 ◆宾语从句中的连接代词who与whom都指人，意思是“谁”。其中who为主格，在从句中做主语；whom为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know who is playing the piano next door.我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with? 你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用who代替whom。 ◆含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough.我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take?你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 一、宾语从句引导词概述 宾语从句引导词 特点 例句 that 只起连接作用(往往可以省略)，在从句中不作任何成分，无实义。 I think(that)reading is very useful. 。 He says(that)he will finish homework tonight. 。 My mother tells me(that)I should keep exercising. 。 if/whether 只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分；有实义，翻译时译为“是否”，二者多数情况可互换。 I don’t know if/whether he likes English. 我不知道他 。 She asks if/whether we can play basketball after school.她问我们放学后 。 Could you tell me whether/if there is a bookstore nearby?你能告诉我附近 吗？ what/who/whom/whose/which 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词的意思。 I wonder what you bought yesterday.我想知道你昨天买了什么。(what在从句中作 ) Do you know who won the game?你知道谁赢得了比赛吗？(who在从句中作 ) I don’t know whom you met just now.我不知道你刚才遇见了谁。(whom在从句中作 ) He asks whose notebook this is.他问这是谁的笔记本。(whose在从句中作 ) She wants to know which pen you will choose. 她想知道你要选哪一支钢笔。 (which在从句中作 ) when/where/how/why 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词的意思。 I don’t know when the class meeting will start. 我不知道班会什么时候开始。 (when在从句中作 ) Could you tell me where the library is?你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ (where在从句中作 ) He asks how we learn English well.他询问我们如何学好英语。(how在从句中作 ) I want to know why she is sad today.我想知道她今天为什么悲伤。 (why在从句中作 ) how many/how much/how old/how long/how soon/how often/how far 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词组的意思。 I don’t know how many stamps he has collected. 我不知道他收集了多少张邮票。 how many stamps(how many<定语>+名词在从句中作宾语) Do you know how much the new bike is? 你知道这辆新自行车多少钱吗？ how much(在从句中作表语) She wonders how much milk we need to buy. 她想知道我们需要买多少牛奶。 how much milk(how much<定语>+名词在从句中作宾语) I want to know how old your deskmate is. 我想知道你的同桌多大了。 how old(在从句中作表语) No one knows how long they will stay in Beijing. 没人知道他们要在北京待多久。 how long(在从句中作状语) Do you know how long this bridge is?你知道这座桥有多长吗？how long(在从句中作表语) He asks how soon you will finish your homework. 他问你还要多久写完作业。 how soon(在从句中作状语) I can’t remember how often she goes shopping. 我记不清她多久逛一次街。 how often(在从句中作状语) Do you know how far it is from the town to the station?你知道小镇到车站有多远吗？ how far(在从句中作表语) He wants to know how far we can ride in one hour. 他想知道我们一小时能骑多远。 how far(在从句中作状语) 友情提醒：whatever, whoever/whomever, whichever也可以用来引导宾语从句。 You can choose whatever you like.你可以选任何你喜欢的东西。(whatever作like 的宾语) I will help whoever needs help.我会帮助任何需要帮助的人。(whoever作needs的主语) You may invite whomever you like.你可以邀请任何你喜欢的人。(whomever作like 的宾语) Take whichever book you want.随便拿一本你想要的书。(whichever<定语>+ book作want的宾语) 二、宾语从句易混点提醒 1. whether不可被if所替代 使用场景 例句 whether ... or not I will make sure I close the door . 我会确认一下我是否把门关了。 whether .. .or... I don’t really care my friends are similar to different from me.我并不介意我的朋友是否与我相似或不同。 在介词后面作宾语 We are talking we should take the risk. 我们在讨论我们是否该冒险。 区分that /if/whether 确定陈述事实用that：She her son is telling the truth.她毫不怀疑儿子说的是实话。 不确定、有疑问用if/whether：We they can finish the task on time. 我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。 2. 宾语从句与主句时态配匹 主句时态 从句时态 例句 现在时态或 一般将来时态 不受限，按实际情况选择 He says(that)he will go to Beijing tomorrow. 他说他明天要去北京。 (主句 ，从句 ) I know he moved here last year. 我知道他去年搬到这儿的。 (主句 ，从句 ) I will ask her what she is doing now. 我要去问她现在正在做什么。 (主句 ，从句 ) 过去时态 过去范畴的时态 She asked me where I lived.她问我住在哪里。 (主句 ，从句 ) He wondered what I was reading at that time. 他想知道我那时正在读什么。 (主句 ，从句 ) He asked whether I would accept the challenge. 他问我是否会接受挑战。 (主句 ，从句 ) He told me that he had been to America many times.他告诉我他去过美国很多次。 (主句 ，从句 ) 特例：客观真理、自然规律，永远用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响： The teacher told us the earth around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 The kid wondered if practice perfect.这个孩子想知道熟能生巧是不是真的。 3. 宾语从句的源头 从句类型 源头 例句 that宾语从句 直接引语中的陈述句 His friend said to him, “We are planning to have a picnic.”他的朋友对他说：“我们计划去野餐。” →His friend told him . 他的朋友告诉他说，他们计划去野餐。 if/whether宾语从句 直接引语中的一般疑问句 She asked me, “Do you like music?” 她问我：“你喜欢音乐吗？” →She asked . 她问我是否喜欢音乐。 连接代词引导的宾语从句 直接引语中的特殊疑问句 Her colleague said to her, “Who did you ask for a leave?”她的同事对她说，“你向谁请了假？” →Her colleague asked her .她的同事问她向谁请了假。 连接副词引导的宾语从句 Kevin asked, “When are you going to work, John?” 凯文问道：“约翰，你什么时候去上班？” →Kevin asked John . 凯文问约翰他什么时候去上班。 基于宾语从句的源头，所以特别提醒：宾语从句必须用陈述句语序！！！(此为高频考点) 注意：疑问词在从句中作主语或作主语的定语时，语序不变(本身就是陈述句语序) 特殊疑问句：Who is standing there? 宾语从句：I don’t know who is standing there. 特殊疑问句：Which bag belongs to her? 宾语从句：I don’t know which bag belongs to her. 4. 宾语从句的简化 条件 简化 例句 主句从句的主语同一，疑问词引导的宾语从句中常含should/can/will 疑问词+to do I don’t know how I should do it next. 我不知道我接下来该怎么做这件事。 →I don’t know . 我不知道接下来怎么做这件事。 主句从句的主语同一，whether引导的宾语从句中常含should/can/will whether+to do I don’t know whether I should tell him the truth.我不知道我是否应该告诉他真相。 →I don’t know . 我不知道是否应该告诉他真相。 宾语从句三大考点(引导词、时态匹配和语序)总结： 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Teenage problems 语法篇 关于“if或whether引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们可用if或whether引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。如： I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 ◆连词if和whether意思是“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用if。如： Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week. 汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 ◆宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。如： “Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?” Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking if/whether Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday. 胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 ◆宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。如： She wonders, “Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?” → She wonders if/whether she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 “Can you help me?” she asks. → She asks if/whether I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 关于“连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know whose pencil this is.我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows when the train will arrive.没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有when、where、how、why。 ◆连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me what they are doing?你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ (what在从句中做宾语，意思是“什么”) ◆宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know why that little boy is crying.她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 ◆宾语从句中的连接代词who与whom都指人，意思是“谁”。其中who为主格，在从句中做主语；whom为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know who is playing the piano next door.我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with? 你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用who代替whom。 ◆含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough.我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take?你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 一、宾语从句引导词概述 宾语从句引导词 特点 例句 that 只起连接作用(往往可以省略)，在从句中不作任何成分，无实义。 I think(that)reading is very useful. 我认为阅读十分有用。 He says(that)he will finish homework tonight. 他说他今晚将会完成作业。 My mother tells me(that)I should keep exercising. 妈妈告诉我我应该坚持锻炼。 if/whether 只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分；有实义，翻译时译为“是否”，二者多数情况可互换。 I don’t know if/whether he likes English. 我不知道他是否喜欢英语。 She asks if/whether we can play basketball after school.她问我们放学后是否可以打篮球。 Could you tell me whether/if there is a bookstore nearby?你能告诉我附近是否有书店吗？ what/who/whom/whose/which 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词的意思。 I wonder what you bought yesterday.我想知道你昨天买了什么。(what在从句中作宾语) Do you know who won the game?你知道谁赢得了比赛吗？(who在从句中作主语) I don’t know whom you met just now.我不知道你刚才遇见了谁。(whom在从句中作宾语) He asks whose notebook this is.他问这是谁的笔记本。(whose在从句中作定语) She wants to know which pen you will choose. 她想知道你要选哪一支钢笔。 (which在从句中作定语) when/where/how/why 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词的意思。 I don’t know when the class meeting will start. 我不知道班会什么时候开始。 (when在从句中作时间状语) Could you tell me where the library is?你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ (where在从句中作地点状语) He asks how we learn English well.他询问我们如何学好英语。(how在从句中作方式状语) I want to know why she is sad today.我想知道她今天为什么悲伤。(why在从句中作原因状语) how many/how much/how old/how long/how soon/how often/how far 兼具连接作用和作从句中有关成分，自带词义，翻译时译为对应疑问词组的意思。 I don’t know how many stamps he has collected. 我不知道他收集了多少张邮票。 how many stamps(how many<定语>+名词在从句中作宾语) Do you know how much the new bike is? 你知道这辆新自行车多少钱吗？ how much(在从句中作表语) She wonders how much milk we need to buy. 她想知道我们需要买多少牛奶。 how much milk(how much<定语>+名词在从句中作宾语) I want to know how old your deskmate is. 我想知道你的同桌多大了。 how old(在从句中作表语) No one knows how long they will stay in Beijing. 没人知道他们要在北京待多久。 how long(在从句中作状语) Do you know how long this bridge is?你知道这座桥有多长吗？how long(在从句中作表语) He asks how soon you will finish your homework. 他问你还要多久写完作业。 how soon(在从句中作状语) I can’t remember how often she goes shopping. 我记不清她多久逛一次街。 how often(在从句中作状语) Do you know how far it is from the town to the station?你知道小镇到车站有多远吗？ how far(在从句中作表语) He wants to know how far we can ride in one hour. 他想知道我们一小时能骑多远。 how far(在从句中作状语) 友情提醒：whatever, whoever/whomever, whichever也可以用来引导宾语从句。 You can choose whatever you like.你可以选任何你喜欢的东西。(whatever作like 的宾语) I will help whoever needs help.我会帮助任何需要帮助的人。(whoever作needs的主语) You may invite whomever you like.你可以邀请任何你喜欢的人。(whomever作like 的宾语) Take whichever book you want.随便拿一本你想要的书。(whichever<定语>+ book作want的宾语) 二、宾语从句易混点提醒 1. whether不可被if所替代 使用场景 例句 whether ... or not I will make sure whether I close the door or not. 我会确认一下我是否把门关了。 whether .. .or... I don’t really care whether my friends are similar to or different from me. 我并不介意我的朋友是否与我相似或不同。 在介词后面作宾语 We are talking about whether we should take the risk. 我们在讨论我们是否该冒险。 区分that /if/whether 确定陈述事实用that：She doesn’t doubt that her son is telling the truth.她毫不怀疑儿子说的是实话。 不确定、有疑问用if/whether：We doubt if/whether they can finish the task on time. 我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。 2. 宾语从句与主句时态配匹 主句时态 从句时态 例句 现在时态或 一般将来时态 不受限，按实际情况选择 He says(that)he will go to Beijing tomorrow. 他说他明天要去北京。 (主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时) I know he moved here last year. 我知道他去年搬到这儿的。 (主句一般现在时，从句一般过去时) I will ask her what she is doing now. 我要去问她现在正在做什么。 (主句一般将来时，从句现在进行时) 过去时态 过去范畴的时态 She asked me where I lived.她问我住在哪里。 (主句一般过去时，从句一般过去时) He wondered what I was reading at that time. 他想知道我那时正在读什么。 (主句一般过去时，从句过去进行时) He asked whether I would accept the challenge. 他问我是否会接受挑战。 (主句一般过去时，从句过去将来时) He told me that he had been to America many times.他告诉我他去过美国很多次。 (主句一般过去时，从句过去完成时) 特例：客观真理、自然规律，永远用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响： The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 The kid wondered if practice makes perfect.这个孩子想知道熟能生巧是不是真的。 3. 宾语从句的源头 从句类型 源头 例句 that宾语从句 直接引语中的陈述句 His friend said to him, “We are planning to have a picnic.”他的朋友对他说：“我们计划去野餐。” →His friend told him that they were planning to have a picnic.他的朋友告诉他说，他们计划去野餐。 if/whether宾语从句 直接引语中的一般疑问句 She asked me, “Do you like music?” 她问我：“你喜欢音乐吗？” →She asked if/whether I liked music. 她问我是否喜欢音乐。 连接代词引导的宾语从句 直接引语中的特殊疑问句 Her colleague said to her, “Who did you ask for a leave?”她的同事对她说，“你向谁请了假？” →Her colleague asked her who she had asked for a leave.她的同事问她向谁请了假。 连接副词引导的宾语从句 Kevin asked, “When are you going to work, John?” 凯文问道：“约翰，你什么时候去上班？” →Kevin asked John when he was going to work. 凯文问约翰他什么时候去上班。 基于宾语从句的源头，所以特别提醒：宾语从句必须用陈述句语序！！！(此为高频考点) 注意：疑问词在从句中作主语或作主语的定语时，语序不变(本身就是陈述句语序) 特殊疑问句：Who is standing there? 宾语从句：I don’t know who is standing there. 特殊疑问句：Which bag belongs to her? 宾语从句：I don’t know which bag belongs to her. 4. 宾语从句的简化 条件 简化 例句 主句从句的主语同一，疑问词引导的宾语从句中常含should/can/will 疑问词+to do I don’t know how I should do it next. 我不知道我接下来该怎么做这件事。 →I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道接下来怎么做这件事。 主句从句的主语同一，whether引导的宾语从句中常含should/can/will whether+to do I don’t know whether I should tell him the truth.我不知道我是否应该告诉他真相。 →I don’t know whether to tell him the truth. 我不知道是否应该告诉他真相。 宾语从句三大考点(引导词、时态匹配和语序)总结： 陈述that来引导，一般疑问if、whether套； 特殊问句不用绕，原有疑问词拿来导； 主句现将从不限，主句过去从随变，客观真理“一般现”； 宾从语序有规范，陈述语序永不变。 (“一般现”：一般现在时) 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Teenage problems 语法篇 (满分45分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分15分) 1. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have ________ we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. whether D. what 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们应该尊重食物，想想那些没有我们所拥有的东西的人，善待食物。that无实际意义；which哪一个；whether是否；what什么。根据“the people who don’t have ...we have here”可知，此空应填连接代词，且作have的宾语，what符合，故选D。 2. Nobody could tell exactly ________ the ancient treasure ________ hidden during the war, but many people were still searching for it. A. when, was B. that, was C. whether, has been D. if, was 【答案】A 【解析】句意：没有人能确切地说出战争期间古代宝藏是什么时候被藏起来的，但是许多人仍在寻找它。根据“Nobody could tell exactly”可知，此处强调没有人能确切地说出古代宝藏是什么时候被藏起来的，第一空应填入when引导宾语从句，其他选项不符合句意；宾语从句主语the ancient treasure和hidden之间是被动关系，动作发生在过去，第二空应填入be动词was，与hidden构成一般过去时的被动语态，作从句的谓语，故选A。 3. —Did you notice someone was passing? —Yes, I did. I knew it was a girl, but I didn’t see clearly ______ she was. A. where B. what C. how D. who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你注意到有人经过了吗？”“是的，我注意到了。我知道那是一个女孩，但我没有看清楚她是谁。”where哪里；what什么；how如何；who谁。根据“I knew it was a girl, but I didn’t see clearly...she was”可知知道是一个女孩，但是没看清楚是谁，用who引导宾语从句，故选D。 4. Before the sales start, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. which C. how D. what 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在促销开始之前，我列了一份我的孩子们下个季节将需要的东西的清单。why为什么，在从句中作原因状语，无法充当宾语；which哪一个，引导宾语从句时需依托上下文的选择范围；how如何，在从句中作方式状语，无法充当宾语；what什么，可引导宾语从句，且在从句中充当宾语。介词of后接宾语从句，谓语动词need后缺少宾语，故选D。 5. —Anhui’s Lu’an Guapian is famous for its nice taste. Do you know ________ it is still popular today? —Because people have kept the traditional making skills. A. how B. why C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“安徽六安瓜片以其醇厚的口感而闻名。你知道为什么它在今天仍然很受欢迎吗？”“因为人们保留了传统的制作技艺。”how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据答句“Because people have kept the traditional making skills.”可知，答语是以Because开头的因果逻辑，用于回答原因。对应询问原因的连接词需使用why，故选B。 6. ________ you see John this morning, please ask him ________  he will have time tomorrow. A. Whether, if B. If, whether C. Whether, whether or not D. If, if or not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你今早见到约翰，请问问他明天是否有空。if如果、是否；whether是否。第一空引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，使用If；第二空引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，可用whether，所以用If, whether，故选B。 7. I don’t doubt ________ he can do the job well, but I doubt ________ he can finish it on time. A. if, that B. that, whether C. that, that D. whether, if 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我不怀疑他能做好这项工作，但我怀疑他是否能按时完成。if如果，是否；that引导宾语从句，无实义；whether是否。第一空，根据“I don’t doubt”可知，此处是“我不怀疑他能做好这项工作”，表示肯定的意义，应该用that引导宾语从句；第二空，根据“but I doubt”可知，此处是“我怀疑他是否能按时完成”，表示疑问，应该用whether引导宾语从句，故选B。 8. — Mum, I’m not sure ________ I can win the school’s “Green Innovator” competition. — Just do your best, my dear. It will be a great experience ________ you win or not. A. if, that B. that, if C. if, no matter D. whether, whether 【答案】D 【解析】“妈妈，我不确定我能否赢得学校的‘绿色创新者’比赛。”“尽力就好，宝贝。无论输赢，这都会是一段很棒的经历。”第一空：I’m not sure后可接if/whether 引导宾语从句，表“是否”；第二空：固定搭配whether...or not表示“无论是否、不管与否”，是固定结构，if不能和or not连用；no matter 后必须搭配疑问词引导让步状语从句。即两空均用whether，故选D。 9. Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise! A. had come B. have come C. would come D. will come 【答案】C 【解析】句意：嘿，珍妮阿姨！是你！我没想到你会过来。多么惊喜啊！由“didn’t expect”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，则从句也应为过去时态。“来”的动作发生在将来，应为将来时，故空格处为过去将来时，结构是would do，故选C。 10. —Could you tell me if he __________ junior high next year? —Yes, of course. If he __________ progress in his schoolwork, all of us will be proud of him. A. will attend, made B. attends, makes C. will attend, makes D. attends, will make 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“你能告诉我他明年是否会上初中吗？”“是的，当然可以。如果他在学业上取得进步，我们所有人都会为他感到骄傲。” 根据“if he…junior high next year”和“If he…progress”可知，第一空处if 意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，宾语从句需用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”；第二空处 if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词make要变为makes，故选C。 11. ________ others may say, you just choose ________ you like. A. No matter what, whatever B. Whatever, no matter what C. No matter how, however D. However, no matter how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不管别人怎么说，你只要选择你喜欢的。no matter what无论什么；whatever无论什么；No matter how无论怎样；however无论怎样。根据“others may say”，可知，不管别人说什么，排除C和D选项。第二个空要做动词like的宾语，而no matter what只能引导让步状语从句，排除B选项，故选A。 12. —I’m going to study abroad, but I’m really nervous. I have no idea ______. —Take it easy. You can start by making a list of things to prepare. A. how can I get ready for it B. what I should do first C. that I need to take some courses in advance D. if the language barrier was a big problem 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“我打算出国留学，但我真的很紧张。我不知道我首先应该做什么。”  “放轻松。你可以从列一个要准备的事情的清单开始。 ”how can I get ready for it我怎样才能准备好它呢，是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句需用陈述句语序的要求；what I should do first我首先应该做什么，符合语境，且是陈述句语序；that I need to take some courses in advance我需要提前上一些课程，不符合语境；if the language barrier was a big problem语言障碍是否是个大问题，时态为一般过去时，而前面句子语境是一般现在时，时态不一致。根据语境及“start by...”可知，表达“不知道首先该做什么”更合适，故选B。 13.—Alice, I’m also wondering ________. —How to think deeper and broader. A. how you have learned  from reading B. what you have learned from reading C. how have you learned from reading D. what have you learned from reading 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“爱丽丝，我也想知道你从阅读中学到了什么。”“如何更深入、更广泛地思考。”how you have learned from reading语义与答句“How to think deeper and broader”不匹配，予以排除；what you have learned from reading你从阅读中学到了什么；how have you learned from reading语序错误；what have you learned from reading语序错误。what you have learned from reading是陈述语序的宾语从句，what在从句中作learn的宾语，符合答句“如何思考”的内容，故选B。 14. —Daming, do you know ________? —Because he can see the changes in our home town. A. why Grandpa loves city walks B. why does Grandpa love city walks C. when Grandpa takes a city walk D. when does Grandpa take a city walk 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“大明，你知道爷爷为什么喜欢城市漫步吗？”“因为他能看到我们家乡的变化。”do you know后跟宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除B、D选项；根据答语“Because...”可知询问原因，应用why引导，排除C选项，故选A。 15. People in other countries can better understand ________ through these photos. A. what life here is like B. what is life here like C. how life here is like D. how is life here like 【答案】A 【解析】句意：其他国家的人可以通过这些照片更好地了解这里的生活是什么样的。what life here is like这里的生活是什么样的(陈述句语序)；what is life here like这里的生活是什么样的(疑问句语序)；how life here is like错误搭配(how不与like搭配)；how is life here like错误搭配。根据宾语从句应用陈述句语序，且“询问……是什么样的”应用what...like结构，what作like的宾语，应填what life here is like，故选A。 二、句型转换(每题2分，满分20分) 注意：1-5合并为一句；6-10改为同义句 1. Lisa asks Bailing, “How do you deal with arguments?” Lisa asks Bailing ___________________ with arguments. 【答案】how she deals 【解析】原句句意：莉萨问白灵：“你怎么处理争执？”转换后句意：莉萨问白灵她是如何处理争执的。 直接引语变特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，保留引导词how；引号内第二人称you 指代主句宾语Bailing，换成第三人称代词she；宾语从句必须使用陈述语序；主句谓语 asks为一般现在时，从句时态不变，去掉助动词do，实义动词deal变为第三人称单数deals，因此填 how she deals。 2. Would you please tell me? Will Mr. Lee go hiking with us? Would you please tell me ___________________ go hiking with us? 【答案】if/whether Mr. Lee will 【解析】原句句意：你能告诉我吗？李先生会和我们一起去远足吗？转换后句意：你能告诉我李先生是否会和我们一起去远足吗？两句合并为宾语从句，原独立一般疑问句用if/whether(是否)引导；从句调整为陈述语序；主句Would you please tell me是委婉请求，视作一般现在时，从句时态不用倒退，原句一般将来时will保留并置于主语Mr. Lee之后，故填 if/whether Mr. Lee will。 3. “Why can Lucy always be so brave?” she thought to herself. She thought to herself ___________________ always be so brave. 【答案】why Lucy could 【解析】原句句意：她暗自心想：“露西为什么总能这么勇敢？”转换后句意：她暗自心想露西为什么总能这么勇敢。 直接引语特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，疑问词why作引导词；从句使用陈述语序，主语为Lucy；主句谓语thought是一般过去时，遵循 “主过从过”，情态动词can变为过去式could，故填why Lucy could。 4. Bill asked, “Where is the nearest restaurant?” Bill asked ________ the nearest restaurant ________. 【答案】where, was 【解析】原句句意：比尔问道：“最近的餐馆在哪里？”转换后句意：比尔问最近的餐馆在哪里。 特殊疑问句变宾语从句，保留引导词where；疑问倒装语序调整为陈述语序；主句谓语asked为一般过去时，从句时态倒退，原句系动词is改为一般过去时was，故第一空填where，第二空填was。 5. Where can I get some stamps? Do you know? Do you know ___________________ get some stamps? 【答案】where I can 【解析】原句句意：我在哪里能买到邮票？你知道吗？转换后句意：你知道我在哪里能买到邮票吗？ 特殊疑问句充当宾语从句，引导词where不变；从句改为陈述语序，主语I放在情态动词can前；主句Do you know为一般现在时，情态动词can无需变形，故填where I can。 6. He expected to be forgiven. He expected that he ______________ forgiven. 【答案】would be 【解析】原句句意：他期盼自己能得到原谅。转换后句意：他期盼自己将会被原谅。 简单句转换为that引导的宾语从句，expect to do sth可同义替换为expect that从句；主句expected为一般过去时，从句使用过去将来时would+动词原形；“被原谅”为被动语态be forgiven，组合为would be，故填would be。 7. Mr. White wondered where he could buy a map of Shanghai. Mr. White wondered ________ a map of Shanghai. 【答案】where to buy 【解析】原句句意：怀特先生想知道他在哪里能买到上海地图。转换后句意：怀特先生想知道去哪里买上海地图。主句主语与宾语从句主语同为he，且从句含情态动词could，符合简化规则：特殊疑问词+ to do不定式，替换原宾语从句 where he could buy，整体作wondered的宾语，故填where to buy。 8. Mona doesn’t know what she can do next. Mona doesn’t know ___________________ next. 【答案】what to do 【解析】原句句意：莫娜不知道她接下来可以做什么。转换后句意：莫娜不知道接下来该做什么。 主句主语Mona与从句主语she为同一人，从句含情态动词can，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”what to do，作know的宾语，故填what to do。 9. I wondered the date for the conference call. I wondered ___________________ have the conference call. 【答案】when to have 【解析】原句句意：我想知道这场电话会议的日期。转换后句意：我想知道什么时候开这场电话会议。 名词 the date(日期)对应疑问词when；主句和从句隐含主语均为I，采用疑问词+to do 结构when to have替换名词短语，作wondered的宾语，故填when to have。 10. Jim hasn’t decided whether he should go home by bus or by train. Jim hasn’t decided ___________________ by bus or by train. 【答案】whether to go home 【解析】原句句意：吉姆还没决定他该坐公交还是火车回家。转换后句意：吉姆还没决定坐公交还是火车回家。主句主语Jim和从句主语he是同一人，从句含情态动词should；whether引导的宾语从句可简化为whether+to do结构whether to go home，在句中作 decided的宾语，故填whether to go home。 三、请认真阅读下面短文，在有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词(每题1分，满分10分) I have a good friend called Amy. These days she looks tired and sad all the time, so I often wonder ___1___ she feels stressed these days. Yesterday I talked with her after class. I asked her ___2___ she had too much homework every day. She sighed and told me ___3___ she didn’t sleep well every night and worried a lot about her exams. I wanted to know more about her problems, so I also wanted to know ___4___ subject she found the hardest. She told me ___5___ math was difficult for her. Then I asked her ___6___ she could finish her homework before bedtime. She shook her head and said she didn’t know ___7___ she could keep a good mood. I tried to cheer her up. I told her ___8___ she should talk with her parents about her feelings. I also asked ___9___ she needed my help with her lessons. I really hope she can find out ___10___ to relax and become happy again. 【答案】 1. why 2. if/whether 3. that 4. what 5. that 6. if/whether 7. how 8. that 9. if/whether 10. how 【导语】本篇为记叙文。文章讲述了作者发现好友艾米整日疲惫低落，主动和她谈心，询问、倾听她学业压力并给出安慰与帮助的过程。 1. 句意：这些天她总是看起来疲惫又难过，所以我常常想知道她这些天为什么压力很大。根据前文她状态不佳，此处表询问原因，用连接词why引导宾语从句，意为“为什么”，故填why。 2. 句意：我问她每天是不是作业太多。此处宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来，表达“是否”，可用if或whether引导，故填if/whether。 3. 句意：她叹了口气，告诉我她每晚都睡不好，还十分担心考试。后面是完整陈述事实的陈述句，无疑问含义，用that引导宾语从句，that只起连接作用无实义，故填that。 4. 句意：我想更多了解她的烦恼，所以我也想知道她觉得哪一门科目最难。修饰名词subject，表达“什么”，用连接词what引导宾语从句，故填what。 5. 句意：她告诉我数学对她来说很难。从句为客观陈述的完整句子，无疑问语义，用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 6. 句意：然后我问她能否在睡前完成作业。本句由一般疑问句转变为宾语从句，表达“是否”，选用if/whether，故填if/whether。 7. 句意：她摇了摇头，说她不知道该如何保持好心情。此处询问方式、途径，连接词how表示“如何，怎样”，引导宾语从句，故填how。 8. 句意：我安慰她说她应该和父母聊聊自己的心事。后面是完整陈述句，用来传达建议内容，用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 9. 句意：我还问她功课上是否需要我的帮助。宾语从句源自一般疑问句，表“是否”，填 if/whether，故填 if/whether。 10. 句意：我真心希望她能找到放松的方法，重新快乐起来。“疑问词+ to do”固定结构，此处表“如何放松”，用how，故填how。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $