Unit 2 Teenage problems（复习讲义）英语新教材译林版九年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统梳理“青少年问题”主题的复习要点与重难点，以40个核心知识点解析为框架，分层呈现相关词汇、短语、句型及语法（宾语从句），清晰标注if/whether区别、时态和语序等难点，构建完整知识脉络。 讲义亮点在于“主题情境化”练习设计，如结合学习困难、亲子矛盾等真实场景设置句子填空和语法训练，培养语言能力与思维品质。语法部分配备易错点提醒和分层训练题，基础学生可掌握宾语从句基本规则，优秀学生能通过短文填空深化应用，支持自主复习与教师精准教学。

Unit 2 Teenage problems（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“青少年问题”主题，重点掌握相关词汇、短语和句子 2、重点掌握语法（宾语从句） 3、本单元的主题是“青少年问题”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍青少年在学习和生活中遇到的问题及解决方式。与此相关的主要写作维度有: ①在学习中遇到的困难; ②在生活中与家长的矛盾; ③与其他同学之间的矛盾。 复习重难点 重点：掌握宾语从句 难点：if 或 whether 的区别、及宾语从句的时态和语序 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．重点单词 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 迫使;驾驶 2. 粘贴,粘住;刺,插入 3. 浪费,滥用 4. 懊悔,感到遗憾 5. 极不喜欢,厌恶 6. 争论,争吵,争辩 7. 沟通,交流 8. 经历;体验 9. 冒……的风险;冒险做 10. 决定 11. 耐心 12. 精神压力,心理负担 13. 考试 14. 底部;底 15. 对话 16. 词典,辞书 17. 青年;青春 18. 阶段,时期;舞台 19. 情绪,心情 20. 陌生人;外地人 21. 屏幕 22. 就寝时间 23. 痛苦;疼痛 24. 羞耻;让人遗憾的事 25. 成年人 26. 青少年的,十几岁的 27. 气愤;疯的 28. 注意力集中的 29. 傻的,愚蠢的 30. 正常的,典型的 31. 焦虑不安的 32. 快速的 33. 丑陋的 34. 不友善的,刻薄的 35. 最近lately 36. 很可能,大概 37. vt.恐吓,伤害,胁迫 n.恃强凌弱之人,恶霸 二．重点短语 1. 使某人发疯;使某人很恼火 2. 情绪低落 3. 熬夜;晚睡 4. 导致,引起;通向 5. 失去耐心 6. 坚持 7. 在压力之下,承受压力 8. 减少,削减,缩减 9. 落后;跟不上 10. 某人自己做决定 11. 关心;在乎;在意 12. 首先;第一 13. 远离,不接近…… 14. 至少 15. 因某事和某人争吵 16. 某人发自内心 17. 听说 18. 解决;处理;应付 19. 冒……的风险 20. 经历,遭受 21. 保持健康饮食 22. 说实话;老实说 23. 支持,维护 24. 忍受;容忍 25. 使悲伤(沮丧、忧郁等) 26. 害怕做某事 三．重点句子 1. 你一整天都情绪低落。米莉,一切都好吗？ You've been in all day. Is everything OK, Millie? 2. 熬夜是不健康的习惯,可能会导致严重健康问题。 late is not a healthy habit and it can lead to health problems. 3. 我和父母之间出现了一些问题,我不知道该怎么办。 I have some problems with my parents, and I 4. 他们不让我吃不健康的食物。 They eat unhealthy food. 5. 每次我和他们谈这件事,他们要么失去耐心,要么就固执己见。 Every time I talk to them about this, they either or just stick to their own ideas. 6. 我发现在我的家庭作业和爱好之间取得平衡很难。 I find hard to a balance between my homework and my hobbies. 7. 我经常事后后悔,但我又不知如何才能减少用手机的时间。 I always it later, but I just don't know on phone time. 8. 我想知道这是否能提高我的成绩,还是会让我压力更大。 I it would improve my grades or just make me more stressed. 9. 他们不确定如何与父母进行坦诚的对话。 They are not how they can have an dialogue with their parents. 10. 青少年的身体在这个阶段经历快速的变化。 Teenagers' bodies changes in during this stage. 11. 如果你在青少年时期感觉难过,首先试着向别人寻求帮助。 If you feel bad during your teenage years, first 12. 我总是在考试前感到很紧张。 I always get in my stomach before exams. 13. 我理解当你被伤害的时候你会充满羞耻和恐惧。 I understand you are with and fear when you are . 四．核心知识解析 知识点1：It takes courage to grow up. 长大需要勇气。 【固定搭配】 （1）It takes + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事需要…… → sb. spend time doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事 It takes patience to learn English well. 学好英语需要耐心。 I spend two hours finishing my homework every day. 我每天花两小时完成作业。 （2）courage n. 勇气（不可数） 【固定搭配】 have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事 encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 It takes great courage to face your mistakes. 直面自己的错误需要很大的勇气。 My teacher always encourages me to keep trying. 我的老师总是鼓励我不断尝试。 知识点2：Common teenage problems 常见的青少年问题 （1）teenage adj. 青少年的，十几岁的 【固定搭配】 a teenage girl/boy一个十几岁的女孩/男孩 a teenage magazine一本青少年杂志 teenage years 青少年时期 My teenage sister likes reading teenage magazines in her free time. 我十几岁的妹妹空闲时喜欢看青少年杂志。 Many people remember their happy teenage years forever. 很多人会永远铭记自己快乐的青少年时期。 teenager n. 青少年 As a teenager, I used to have lots of strange ideas. 在我青少年时期，我曾经有很多新奇的想法。 知识点3：It drives me mad. 这让我抓狂。 （1）drive vt. 迫使；驾驶（drive-drove-driven） 【固定搭配】 drive sb. + adj. 迫使某人...... drive a car 开车 Too much homework drove him tired last night. 昨晚太多作业把他弄得身心疲惫。 （2）mad adj. 气愤的；疯的（mad-madder-maddest） go mad 发疯 【固定搭配】 be mad with sb. 生某人的气 be mad about sth. 因为某事生气/对某物痴迷 My mother is mad with me for being late. 妈妈因为我迟到而生我的气。 He is mad about playing basketball all day. 他痴迷于整天打篮球。 知识点4：You’ve been in low spirits all day. 你一整天都情绪低落。 【固定搭配】 be in low spirits 情绪低落 be in high spirits 情绪高涨 He is in low spirits because he failed the exam. 他考试失利，情绪很低落。 She is in high spirits after winning the game. 赢得比赛后她心情很好。 知识点5：I wonder if I’m going to bed too late. 我想知道我是不是睡得太晚了。 wonder v. 想知道（= want to know） 【固定搭配】 wonder if/whether 想知道是否，后接陈述语序宾语从句 I wonder how to manage my time well. = I want to know how to manage my time well. 我想知道如何合理安排我的时间。 I wonder if you have the courage to speak in public. 我想知道你是否有勇气当众发言。 知识点6：Staying up late is not a healthy habit and it can lead to serious health problems. 熬夜不是健康的习惯，它会引发严重的健康问题。 （1）stay (up) late熬夜；睡得很晚 She often stays up late to finish homework. 她经常熬夜完成作业。 （2）lead to 导致（to 是介词，后接名词/doing，lead过去式为led） 【固定搭配】 lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事 Too much stress leads to bad moods. 过多压力会导致坏情绪。 The teacher leads us to think independently. 老师引导我们独立思考。 知识点7：Try to manage your time better. 尽力更好地管理你的时间。 【固定搭配】 （1）try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做某事（侧重付出努力，想做成，常暗含事情有难度） try doing sth. 试着做某事（当作一种办法、尝试手段），试试这么做看有没有效果 Try to talk with your parents when you have worries. 有烦恼时尽量和父母沟通。 Try listening to music to relax yourself. 试试听音乐放松自己。 （2）manage vt. 完成（困难的事，勉力完成；管理，安排（时间、金钱、事务） 【固定搭配】 manage to do sth. 克服困难、最终成功完成某事 manage your time 管理你的时间 He managed to finish homework before 9 p.m. 他设法在九点前写完了作业。 You should learn to manage your daily time. 你应该学会安排日常时间。 知识点8：They make all the decisions for me. 所有事情都由父母替我做决定。 decision n. 决定 【固定搭配】 make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 = decide to do sth. She made a decision to study abroad last year. 她去年决定出国留学。 It is a difficult decision for him to make. 对他来说这是一个难做的决定。 知识点9：They do not allow me to eat unhealthy food. 他们不允许我吃不健康的食物。 【固定搭配】 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 被动结构 be allowed to do Our teachers allow us to take part in after-school clubs. 老师允许我们参加课外社团。 We are allowed to share our worries with friends. 我们被允许和朋友倾诉烦恼。 知识点10： Every time I talk to them about this, they either lose patience or just stick to their own ideas. 每次我和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么固执己见。 【固定搭配】 （1）either…or… 要么…… 要么……（连接主语遵循就近原则） Either you or your sister needs to talk with parents. 要么你要么你姐姐需要和父母沟通。 （2）patience n. 耐心 【固定搭配】 lose patience 失去耐心 have patience 有耐心 with patience 耐心地 have patience with sb.对某人有耐心 Don’t lose patience when solving teenage problems. 解决青少年问题时不要失去耐心。 You need to have patience when learning new grammar. 学习新语法你要有耐心。 patient n. 病人 patient adj.耐心的 be patient with sb./sth. 对某人/物有耐心 Be patient with your classmates. 对你的同学耐心一点。 （3）stick v. 粘贴，粘住；刺，插入（stick-stuck-stuck） 【固定搭配】 stick to (doing) sth. 坚持（做）某事 stick to one’s own idea/dream/plan 坚持自己的想法/梦想/计划 stick to the rules 遵守规则 Please stick the photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片粘在笔记本上。 Don’t stick to your wrong opinions without thinking. 不要不加思考坚持错误观点。 You should stick to practicing English every day. 你应该坚持每天练习英语。 知识点11：I’m under a lot of stress at school. 我在学校压力很大。 （1）stress n. 精神压力，心理负担 【固定搭配】 under stress 在压力之下，承受压力 cause stress 引发压力 reduce stress 缓解压力 Many teenagers have too much stress from school. 许多青少年承受着太多来自学业的压力。 Students are easy to get sick when they are under stress. 学生在承受压力时很容易生病。 Too much homework will cause much stress for kids. 过多作业会给孩子们带来很大压力。 Listening to soft music can help us reduce stress. 听轻音乐能帮助我们缓解压力。 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的（修饰人） stressful adj. 压力重的（修饰事或物） My family life is stressful, so I always feel stressed. 我的家庭生活压力重重，因此我总感到焦虑不安。 知识点12：I find it hard to achieve a balance between my homework and my hobbies. 我发现很难在作业和爱好之间取得平衡。 【固定搭配】 （1）find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是…… 的（it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面不定式） I find it easy to cut back on screen time. 我发现减少看屏幕时间很简单。 achieve a balance between A and B 在 A 与 B 之间取得平衡 keep a balance between A and B在 A 与 B 之间保持平衡 It’s important to achieve a balance between study and rest. 在学习和休息间取得平衡很重要。 We should keep a balance between work and hobbies. 我们应当平衡学习和爱好。 知识点13： As a result, I feel tired the next day. 结果，我第二天感到疲惫。 【固定搭配】 as a result 因此（= so/therefore，单独使用放句首） as a result of + 名词 因为…… He stays up late every night. As a result, he falls behind others. 他每晚熬夜，因此落后于其他人。 He falls behind as a result of wasting time on phones. 他因为玩手机浪费时间而落后。 He lacks sleep. Therefore, he feels sleepy in class. 他睡眠不足，所以上课犯困。 知识点14：Sometimes I waste time on my mobile phone when I need to do homework. 有时候本该写作业，我却浪费时间玩手机。 （1）waste v. 浪费，滥用 【固定搭配】 waste ... on ... 在......浪费...... waste ... (in) doing sth. 做某事浪费...... Don’t waste your time on meaningless games. 不要把你的时间浪费在无意义的游戏上。 You shouldn’t waste time playing computer games. 你不该浪费时间玩电脑游戏。 waste n. 浪费；废弃物 【固定搭配】 a waste of ... 浪费...... reduce waste 减少废弃物 It’s a waste of water to leave the tap running. 让水龙头一直开着是浪费水。 We can reuse bags to reduce waste. 我们可以重复使用袋子来减少废弃物。 知识点15：I always regret it later, but I just don’t know how to cut back on phone time. 我经常事后后悔，但我就是不知道如何减少玩手机的时间。 （1）regret v./n. 懊悔，遗憾（regret-regretted-regretted） 【固定搭配】 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾将要去做某事（未做） to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是 I regret talking back to my parents last night. 我后悔昨晚和父母顶嘴了。 We regret to say that we have to give up this plan. 我们很遗憾地说，我们不得不放弃这个计划。 To his great regret, he didn’t stick to his dream. 让他万分懊悔的是，他没有坚持自己的梦想。 【固定搭配】 （2）cut back on （= reduce）削减，缩减 We should cut back on junk food to keep healthy. 我们应当少吃垃圾食品保持健康。 We need to reduce our time playing online games. 我们需要减少玩网游的时间。 知识点16：I hate to fall behind. 我讨厌落后于人。 【固定搭配】 fall behind 落后 catch up with 赶上 If you waste time, you will fall behind your classmates. 如果你浪费时间，你会落后于同学。 Work harder to catch up with your deskmate. 努力学习追上你的同桌。 知识点17：I hope you can offer me some advice. 我希望你能给我一些建议。 【固定搭配】 （1）offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物 provide sb. with sth. /provide sth. for sb. My teacher often offers me useful advice. 我的老师经常给我有用的建议。 Parents provide us with food and clothes. 父母为我们提供衣食。 （2）advice n. 建议（不可数） 【固定搭配】 some advice一些建议 suggestion n. 建议（可数） Can you give me some advice on teenage stress? 你能给我一些关于青少年压力的建议吗。 He gives me several useful suggestions. 他给了我几条有用的建议。 知识点18： Second, make sure you are focused when studying. 其次，学习时一定要集中注意力。 （1）focused adj. 注意力集中的 【固定搭配】 stay focused 保持专心 be focused on (doing) sth. 专注于（做）某事 You need to stay focused in class. 课堂上你要保持专心。 He is focused on finishing the difficult math problem. 他正专心攻克这道数学难题。 focus v. 集中（注意力、精力等于） 【固定搭配】 focus on (doing) sth. 集中注意力于（做）某事 Please focus on what the teacher says. 请专心听老师讲课。 We should focus on improving our English skills. 我们应该专心提升自己的英语能力。 知识点19：Amy often argues with her best friend about silly things. 埃米经常因为一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事和她最好的朋友吵架。 【固定搭配】 argue with sb. about sth. 和某人因为某事争吵 You shouldn’t argue with your best friend about silly things. 你不该为鸡毛蒜皮的小事和你最好的朋友争吵。 argument 争吵；争论 have an argument with sb. = argue with sb. 和某人争吵、吵架 Lucy had an argument with her mom about mobile phones. 露西因为手机和妈妈发生了争执。 知识点20：She wonders if this is normal. 她想知道这是否正常。 （1）if/whether 引导一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序 I wonder whether I can solve the problem by myself. 我想知道我能否独自解决这个问题。 I have no idea about whether he will forgive me. 我不知道他是否会原谅我。 normal adj. 正常的，典型的 【固定搭配】 （2）It’s normal (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事是正常的 It’s normal for you to regret your mistakes. 你为自己的错误感到懊悔是正常的。 normally adv. 正常地；通常 I normally focus on my study after dinner. 我通常晚饭后专心学习。 知识点21：The teacher wanted to know whether the students were under a lot of stress. 老师想知道学生是否承受着巨大压力。 【固定搭配】 be under a lot of stress 承受巨大压力 = suffer from stress be free from stress摆脱压力；没有压力 Many Grade 9 students are under a lot of stress from exams. 许多九年级学生承受着巨大的考试压力。 Some teenagers suffer from great stress every day. 一些青少年每天承受巨大压力。 Taking exercise makes you free from stress. 运动能让你摆脱压力。 I find it easy to be free from stress by listening to soft music. 我发现听轻音乐就能轻松缓解压力。 stress n. 压力 → stressed adj.（人）感到有压力的、焦虑的 【固定搭配】 feel stressed 感到压力大 be stressed out 疲惫不堪 stressful adj. （事物）令人产生压力的 Too much school stress makes me tired. 太多学业压力让我疲惫。 I always feel stressed before exams. 考试前我总是感到压力很大。 She is stressed out because of lots of homework. 大量作业让她身心俱疲。 It’s a stressful week for all students. 对所有学生来说，这是充满压力的一周。 知识点22： From the bottom of my heart, I just want to succeed and feel proud of myself. 发自内心来说，我只想获得成功，为自己感到骄傲。 （1）bottom n. 底部；底 【固定搭配】 at the bottom of ... 在......底部/末尾 from top to bottom 从上到下；彻底地 the bottom of the page 页面底端 There are many stones at the bottom of the river. 河底有许多石头。 The teacher checked my article from top to bottom. 老师从头到尾仔细检查了我的作文。 You can find the answer at the bottom of the page. 你能在页面底端找到答案。 知识点23：They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 他们并不总能理解父母为什么制定这么多规矩。 特殊疑问词 why/what/how/who/where 引导宾语从句，从句必须陈述语序 I don’t understand why my parents are strict with me. 我不明白父母为什么对我严格。 知识点24：Many teenagers do not know what they should do. 许多青少年不知道他们该做什么。 what 在宾语从句中作宾语 → 疑问词 where 作地点状语；how 作方式状语 He doesn’t know what he can do to reduce stress. 他不知道自己能做些什么来减压。 I don’t know where I can ask for help. 我不知道去哪里寻求帮助。 She wonders how she can balance study and hobbies. 她想知道如何平衡学习与爱好。 知识点25： I don’t know ... I can communicate with them. 我不知道......才能和他们沟通。 communicate v. 沟通 【固定搭配】 communicate with sb. 和某人交流/沟通 You should communicate with your parents when you feel stressed. 当你感到压力大时，你应该和父母沟通。 communication n. 交流；沟通 face-to-face communication 面对面交流 Good communication helps us get on well with others. 良好的沟通有助于我们和别人友好相处。 知识点26：I wonder if/whether Millie can help me get along well with my friends. 我想知道米莉是否能帮我和我的朋友们好好相处。 【固定搭配】 get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 get along badly with sb. 和某人相处不好 You should learn to get along well with others. 你应该学会和别人友好相处。 Don’t get along badly with your deskmate over small things. 不要因为小事和同桌闹矛盾。 知识点27：Teenage years are a stage of change and growth. 青少年时期是一段充满变化与成长的阶段。 （1）teenage adj. 青少年的 Teenage years 青少年岁月 teenager n. 青少年 Teenage years are a special stage of change and growth for every teenager. 青少年时期对每一位青少年来说都是一段充满变化与成长的特殊阶段。 Many teenagers feel much stressed during their teenage years because of heavy schoolwork. 许多青少年在青少年时期都会因为繁重的学业感到巨大压力。 （2）a stage of … …… 的阶段 Facing all kinds of difficulties bravely is an important stage of everyone’s life. 勇敢面对各种各样的困难是每个人人生中至关重要的一段历程。 知识点28：Teenagers’ bodies experience rapid changes in shape during this stage. 青少年的身体在这个阶段会经历外形的快速变化。 experience v. 经历（ = go through） experience n. 经历（可数）/ 经验（不可数） 【固定搭配】 a special experience 一次特别的经历 have much/rich experience in ... 在......方面经验丰富 All teenagers experience different growing troubles. 所有青少年都会经历不同的成长烦恼。 We all go through hard times in teenage years. 我们都会度过艰难的青少年时期。 This is a special experience for every teen. 这对每个青少年都是一段特别的经历。 The guide has rich experience in introducing Nanjing culture. 这位导游介绍南京文化经验丰富。 知识点29：Many teenagers suffer from skin problems. 许多青少年受皮肤问题困扰。 suffer from 遭受；患有（疾病、烦恼） Lots of students suffer from exam stress every term. 很多学生每学期都饱受考试压力困扰。 知识点30： Sometimes your friends want you to do things that you probably do not want to do. 有时候朋友想让你做一些你可能不想做的事。 probably adv. 很可能，大概（作状语，放在be动词/助动词后、行为动词前） It is probably going to rain this afternoon. 今天下午大概要下雨。 They have probably finished their homework already. 他们很可能已经写完作业了。 It probably takes ten minutes to walk there. 走路去那儿大概需要十分钟。 知识点31： It might be hard for you to refuse because you do not want to risk losing the friendship. 你或许很难拒绝，因为你不想冒着失去这份友谊的风险。 【固定搭配】 （1）It is + adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事…… It is + adj. of sb. to do 某人做某事真是……（形容人品质） It is hard for teens to say no to their friends. 青少年很难对朋友说不。 It is kind of you to listen to my worries. 你能倾听我的烦恼真是善良。 （2）risk vt. 冒......的风险；冒险做 【固定搭配】 risk sth./doing sth. 冒......的风险 = take a risk to do avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 He risked his life to save the little boy. 他冒着生命危险救下了小男孩。 He takes a risk to tell his parents the truth. 他冒险告诉父母真相。 Don’t risk driving after drinking. 不要冒险酒后驾车。 She risked losing her job to tell the truth. 她冒着丢掉工作的风险说出了真相。 We should avoid staying up late to be free from stress. 我们应该避免熬夜，远离压力。 risk n. 风险；危险 at risk 处于危险中 take a risk/take risks 冒险 Over 10, 000 jobs are at risk due to AI. 由于人工智能，超过10000个工作岗位面临风险。 You shouldn’t take a risk when crossing the road. 过马路时你不应该冒险。 知识点32：Putting on weight, for example, can make you feel like a stranger in your own body and even make you feel ugly. 例如，体重增加会让你对自己的身体感到陌生，甚至让你觉得自己很丑， （1）stranger n. 陌生人；外地人 【固定搭配】 be a strange to sb. 对某人来说是陌生人 As a stranger here, he gets lost easily. 作为外地人，他很容易迷路。 He is a stranger to Nanjing and knows little about Xuanwu Lake. 他是刚来南京的外地人，对玄武湖不太了解。 strange adj. 陌生的；奇怪的 It’s strange that she didn’t come to school today. 很奇怪她今天没来上学。 知识点33：I’m so nervous. I always get butterflies in my stomach before exams. 我紧张得不行，每次考试前心里都七上八下的。 （1）nervous adj. 紧张的 【固定搭配】 feel nervous 感到紧张 be nervous about sth. 对某事感到紧张 If you feel nervous before exams, you can ask your teachers for some useful advice. 如果你考前感到焦虑，可以向老师寻求一些有用的建议。 Many teenagers are nervous about communicating with their parents when they have different opinions. 很多青少年在和父母产生分歧时，会对和他们沟通这件事感到紧张。 get butterflies in my stomach 心里七上八下；紧张忐忑 Many students get butterflies in their stomach before important exams. 很多学生在重大考试前都会紧张不安。 知识点34： Bullying is a serious problem and causes a lot of pain. 欺凌是很严重的问题，会造成很大痛苦。 pain n. 痛苦；疼痛 【固定搭配】 have a pain in + 身体部位 某部位疼痛 be in pain 处于痛苦中 She has a pain in her right leg after running. 跑完步后她右腿疼。 The little dog is in pain after falling down. 小狗摔倒后十分痛苦。 painful adj. 疼痛的；令人痛苦的 → painless adj. 无痛的 It was a painful experience for him. 对他来说这是一段痛苦的经历。 The new treatment is quick and painless. 这种新疗法快速又无痛。 知识点35：To be honest, I often feel lonely lately. 说实话，我最近常常感到孤单。 【固定搭配】 （1）To be honest = To tell the truth 说实话；老实说 To be honest, I don’t get on well with my brother. 说实话，我和我弟弟相处得不好。 （2）lately 最近；近来 = recently （常和现在完成时、一般现在时连用） I often feel upset and lonely lately. 我最近时常感到失落又孤单。 He has made great progress in English lately. 他最近在英语上取得了很大进步。 知识点36：No one should have to put up with that. 没有人必须忍受那样的事。 【固定搭配】 put up with 忍受 = stand /bear → put up 张贴、搭建 We should not put up with school bullying. 我们不应该忍受校园欺凌。 I can’t stand too much study pressure. 我无法承受过重的学习压力。 Please put up the notice on the wall. 请把通知张贴在墙上。 知识点37：Do not let a bully get you down. 不要让欺凌者使你消沉。 （1）bully vt. 恐吓，胁迫，伤害 【固定搭配】 bully sb. 欺负某人 bully sb. into doing sth. 逼迫某人做某事 We should never bully our classmates at school. 在学校里，我们绝不应该欺负同学。 They bullied him into giving them his pocket money. 他们逼迫他把零花钱交给他们。 【固定搭配】 （2）get sb. down 使某人沮丧、消沉 → cheer sb. up 使某人振作 Don’t let small failures get you down. 不要让小小的失败使你消沉。 Your friends will cheer you up when you are sad. 你难过时朋友会让你振作起来。 知识点38：Be strong and stand up for yourself. 坚强一点，勇敢为自己挺身而出。 （1）strong adj. 坚强的 【固定搭配】 be strong 坚强一点 stay strong 保持坚强 When you feel upset, you should be strong and face all your troubles bravely. 当你难过时，要坚强，勇敢面对所有烦恼。 Stay strong and talk with friends if you often feel lonely in your teenage years. 少年时期若常感到孤单，保持坚强并和朋友倾诉。 【固定搭配】 （2）stand up for sb. 支持/维护某人 Real friends will always stand up for you when others misunderstand you at school. 真正的朋友会在学校有人误解你时，始终站出来维护你。 知识点39：I understand you are filled with shame and fear when you are bullied. 我知道被欺负时，你（内心）满是羞耻和害怕。 shame n. 羞耻 【固定搭配】 to one’s shame 令某人惭愧的是 It’s a shame to do sth. 做某事很可惜/羞耻 To his shame, he lied to his best friend. 令他羞愧的是，他对最好的朋友撒了谎。 It’s a shame to waste so much food. 浪费这么多食物实在太可惜了。 It’s a shame to laugh at disabled people. 嘲笑残疾人是很可耻的。 知识点40：Please reach out to me. I’m always here for you. 请随时找我，我会一直陪着你。 【固定搭配】 reach out to sb. 向某人求助、主动联系某人 = ask sb. for help If you feel lonely, reach out to your family members. 如果你感到孤单，可以主动找家人聊聊。 You can ask your best friend for help at any time. 你随时可以向最好的朋友求助。 be here for you陪着你、支持你、为你守候 Don’t be afraid. I am here for you no matter what happens. 别害怕，无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 单元语法：宾语从句 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 我们可用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。 如：I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 （1）连词 if 和 whether 意思是 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用 if。 如：Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week.汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 如： "Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?" Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking if/whether Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday.胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 （3）宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。 如： She wonders, "Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?" → She wonders if/whether she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 "Can you help me?" she asks. → She asks if/whether I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 教材原句解析 1.She wonders if this is normal, so she talks to her mum about it. 解析：if引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（this is normal）；主句是一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。 2.She asks whether her mum has any advice. 解析：whether引导宾语从句，可与if互换；从句用陈述语序（her mum has any advice）。 3.I'm not sure if talking about it will help. 解析：形容词sure后面接if引导的宾语从句；从句的主语是动名词短语talking about it。 易错点提醒 1.不要混淆if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 宾语从句：if意为“是否”，时态根据主句变化 条件状语从句：if意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现” 例：I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will tell you. 解析：第一个if引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。 2.宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即使主句是疑问句 错误：Do you know if will he come? 正确：Do you know if he will come? 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know whose pencil this is. 我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows when the train will arrive. 没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有 what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有 when、where、how、why。 （1）连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me what they are doing? 你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ （what 在从句中做宾语，意思是 “什么”） （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know why that little boy is crying. 她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 （3）宾语从句中的连接代词 who 与 whom 都指人，意思是 “谁”。其中 who 为主格，在从句中做主语；whom 为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know who is playing the piano next door. 我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with? 你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom 在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用 who 代替 whom。 （4）含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough. 我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take? 你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 教材原句解析 1.They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 解析：why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语；从句用陈述语序（their parents have so many rules）。 2.Many teenagers do not know what they should do about it. 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语；从句用陈述语序（they should do what）。 3.They are not sure how they can have an honest dialogue with their parents. 解析：how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语；从句用陈述语序（they can have an honest dialogue how）。 易错点提醒 1.疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问词后面必须接陈述语序 2.注意区分疑问词在从句中作的成分，避免语序错误 例：I don't know who is knocking at the door.（who在从句中作主语，语序不变） 例：I don't know who he is looking for.（who在从句中作宾语，用陈述语序） 随堂训练 一．根据中文提示完成句子 1.我想知道你是否喜欢这本书。 I ______ ______ you like this book. 2.你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ Can you tell me ______ the library ______? 3.我不知道他什么时候回来。 I don't know ______ he ______ ______ back. 4.她问我是否去过上海。 She asked me ______ I ______ ______ to Shanghai. 5.你知道他在等谁吗？ Do you know ______ he ______ ______ ______? 6.我不确定明天是否会下雨。 I am not sure ______ it ______ ______ tomorrow. 7.你能告诉我怎样才能学好英语吗？ Can you tell me ______ I ______ ______ English well? 8.他问我为什么上学迟到了。 He asked me ______ I ______ ______ for school. 9.我不知道该做什么。 I don't know ______ ______ ______. 10.她还没决定是否去参加聚会。 She hasn't decided ______ ______ ______ to the party. 二、改为宾语从句（陈述语序） 1. Where does Tom live? I don’t know. 2. Will she join us? He wants to know. 三、改错（划出错误并改正） 1. Do you know where is the library? 2. I wonder who are you waiting for. （时间：40分钟） 一．选用方框中的短语填空 A make decisions ，be allowed to，stick to ，lose patience ， cut back on ，fall behind 1. Kitty’s parents __________ all the __________ in her life. She has no chance to be herself. 2. Kitty is not __________ eat unhealthy food, even as a treat. 3. Every time Kitty talks to her parents, they either __________ or just __________ their own opinions. 4. Simon wonders if he should __________ football. 5. Simon is __________ in many of his classes. B deal with ， run into trouble， put on weight ，stand up for ， reach out to ， put up with 1. Teenagers often __________ with their friends during this stage. 2. Many teenagers suffer from skin problems and may not know how to __________ them. 3. __________ can make you feel like a stranger in your own body. 4. If someone bullies you, you should __________ yourself bravely. 5. No one should have to __________ bullying. It is a terrible problem. 6. If you need someone to talk to, please __________ me. 二．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 我觉得我的父母做了我生活中所有的决定，我没有机会做自己。 I feel like my parents __________ all the __________ in my life and I don’t have any chance to be __________. 2. 每次我试图和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么坚持己见。 Every time I try __________ to them about this, they either __________ patience or just __________ to their own opinions. 3. 我经常不得不比同学花更多时间在学业上，所以我必须熬夜完成作业。 I often have to __________ more time on my schoolwork than my classmates, so I have to __________ __________ late to finish it. 4. 我后悔在那之后，但我就是不知道如何控制自己。 I always __________ it after, but I just don’t know how to __________ myself. 5. 我想知道我是否应该减少踢足球的时间。 I wonder __________ I should __________ __________ on football. 6. 青少年时期是一个充满变化和成长的阶段。每天，青少年都在应对各种压力和问题。 Teenage years are a stage of __________ and __________. Every day, teenagers are __________ with all kinds of stresses and problems. 7. 许多青少年遭受皮肤问题的困扰，这让他们觉得自己很丑。 Many teenagers __________ from skin problems, which make them feel __________. 8. 有时候，你的朋友可能想让你做你不想做的事情，但你很难拒绝。 Sometimes your friends may want you to do things that you probably do not want to do, but it might be __________ for you to say __________. 9. 不要害怕告诉别人发生了什么。和你的父母或老师谈谈这件事。 Don’t be __________ to tell people what is going on. __________ to your parents or a teacher about it. 10. 如果你需要倾诉，请联系我。我永远在这里支持你。 If you need someone to __________, please __________ out to me. I’m always here for you. 三．语法训练 A.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.I don't know if he ______ (come) tomorrow. 2.She asked me if I ______ (be) free the next day. 3.Can you tell me where he ______ (go) yesterday? 4.I wonder when the meeting ______ (begin). 5.He asked me how I ______ (get) to school every day. 6.I don't know what ______ (do) next. 7.She hasn't decided whether ______ (stay) at home or go out. 8.Do you know who ______ (win) the game yesterday? 9.I am not sure if it ______ (rain) tomorrow. 10.He told me that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. B.完成句子 1.（if引导宾语从句）我想知道他明天是否会来。 2.（whether...or not）我不知道她是否会同意我的意见。 3.（what引导宾语从句）你能告诉我你在做什么吗？ 4.（where引导宾语从句）他问我住在哪里。 5.（how引导宾语从句）我不知道怎样才能解决这个问题。 C.短文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的连接词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Mr Friend, I have some problems with my parents. I don't know 1. ______ I should do. I feel like my parents make all the decisions for me. I wonder 2. ______ I can have some freedom. I tried talking to them, but I don't know 3. ______ they will listen to me. I am not sure 4. ______ I can get along well with them. Can you tell me 5. ______ I should do? Yours, Zhang Ke 四．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 People believe that almost all children are born clever kids. The problem is how to stay clever as they are growing older. Being careless and 1 (patient) will not only be bad for learning, but also for their future life. A famous 2 (science) once said that a troubled heart is a distracted (注意力分散的) mind. If problems are always on his mind, it’s hard to focus. Some students think their parents are strict 3 them and can’t get on well with them. Some students always keep worries to 4 (they), and this drives them even 5 (mad). Others don’t know how to deal with their problems. Feeling helpless, they have no choice but 6 (give) up. My cousin had the same problems. 7 he knew his parents and teachers cared, he didn’t know how to talk about his problems. He bought a book on how to achieve a balance between study and play. He found its advice was worth 8 (follow). For example, the book advises that when studying, full attention should 9 (pay) to the lessons. It also points out the importance of growing up in a well-rounded way. Since then, everything 10 (change) for my cousin. We hope more and more students like my cousin will find their path to growth. 五．阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过8个单词。 Waking up to success Feeling tired is very common, especially when you have too much homework and too many activities. But there are some easy ways to help you look and feel better. When you get up, go outside for a few minutes. Just 5 to 10 minutes in the sun can help your body feel more awake in the day. Besides sunlight, a little exercise helps a lot. Even easy activities like simple yoga, stretching, or a 10-to-20-minute walk can make your mind clear and help you relax. But movement is not the only way to get more energy. Deep breathing helps too. When you are stressed, your breath becomes shallow and your muscles get tight. This makes you more tired. Try slow, deep breaths. Breathe out longer than you breathe in. This helps you relax and calm down. If you need to focus before class, try box breathing. Breathe in for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, breathe out for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds. After a few minutes, you will feel more focused. Good posture (姿势) is also important. Your posture shows if you are tired. If you slump forward (驼背), you look and feel more tired. Sit up straight, lift your chest, and imagine you are growing taller. This makes you look awake and feel better at once. If you sit for long every day, roll your shoulders back every hour. This simple action helps your muscles, improves blood flow to your brain, and keeps you awake. 1．How do you feel when you have too much homework and too many activities? 2．How long should you stay outside in the sun to feel more awake during the day? 3．Why does the writer suggest you not to slump forward when sitting? 4．What can help you relax according to the passage? 5．What method do you think is the most helpful in your daily life? Why? $Unit 2 Teenage problems（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“青少年问题”主题，重点掌握相关词汇、短语和句子 2、重点掌握语法（宾语从句） 3、本单元的主题是“青少年问题”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍青少年在学习和生活中遇到的问题及解决方式。与此相关的主要写作维度有: ①在学习中遇到的困难; ②在生活中与家长的矛盾; ③与其他同学之间的矛盾。 复习重难点 重点：掌握宾语从句 难点：if 或 whether 的区别、及宾语从句的时态和语序 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．重点单词 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 迫使;驾驶drive 2. 粘贴,粘住;刺,插入stick 3. 浪费,滥用waste 4. 懊悔,感到遗憾regret 5. 极不喜欢,厌恶hate 6. 争论,争吵,争辩argue 7. 沟通,交流communicate 8. 经历;体验experience 9. 冒……的风险;冒险做risk 10. 决定decision 11. 耐心patience 12. 精神压力,心理负担stress 13. 考试exam (=examination) 14. 底部;底bottom 15. 对话dialogue 16. 词典,辞书dictionary 17. 青年;青春youth 18. 阶段,时期;舞台stage 19. 情绪,心情mood 20. 陌生人;外地人stranger 21. 屏幕screen 22. 就寝时间bedtime 23. 痛苦;疼痛pain 24. 羞耻;让人遗憾的事shame 25. 成年人adult 26. 青少年的,十几岁的teenage 27. 气愤;疯的mad 28. 注意力集中的focused 29. 傻的,愚蠢的silly 30. 正常的,典型的normal 31. 焦虑不安的stressed 32. 快速的rapid 33. 丑陋的ugly 34. 不友善的,刻薄的unkind 35. 最近lately 36. 很可能,大概probably 37. vt.恐吓,伤害,胁迫 n.恃强凌弱之人,恶霸bully 二．重点短语 1. 使某人发疯;使某人很恼火drive sb mad 2. 情绪低落be in low spirits 3. 熬夜;晚睡stay up late 4. 导致,引起;通向lead to 5. 失去耐心lose patience 6. 坚持stick to 7. 在压力之下,承受压力under stress 8. 减少,削减,缩减cut back on sth 9. 落后;跟不上fall behind 10. 某人自己做决定make decisions by oneself 11. 关心;在乎;在意care about 12. 首先;第一first of all 13. 远离,不接近……stay away from ... 14. 至少at least 15. 因某事和某人争吵argue with sb about sth 16. 某人发自内心from the bottom of one's heart 17. 听说hear of 18. 解决;处理;应付deal with 19. 冒……的风险risk sth/doing sth 20. 经历,遭受go through 21. 保持健康饮食keep a healthy diet 22. 说实话;老实说to be honest 23. 支持,维护stand up for sb/sth 24. 忍受;容忍put up with sb/sth 25. 使悲伤(沮丧、忧郁等)get sb down 26. 害怕做某事be afraid to do sth 三．重点句子 1. 你一整天都情绪低落。米莉,一切都好吗？ You've been in low spirits all day. Is everything OK, Millie? 2. 熬夜是不健康的习惯,可能会导致严重健康问题。 Staying up late is not a healthy habit and it can lead to serious health problems. 3. 我和父母之间出现了一些问题,我不知道该怎么办。 I have some problems with my parents, and I am not sure what to do. 4. 他们不让我吃不健康的食物。 They do not allow me to eat unhealthy food. 5. 每次我和他们谈这件事,他们要么失去耐心,要么就固执己见。 Every time I talk to them about this, they either lose patience or just stick to their own ideas. 6. 我发现在我的家庭作业和爱好之间取得平衡很难。 I find it hard to achieve a balance between my homework and my hobbies. 7. 我经常事后后悔,但我又不知如何才能减少用手机的时间。 I always regret it later, but I just don't know how to cut back on phone time. 8. 我想知道这是否能提高我的成绩,还是会让我压力更大。 I wonder whether/if it would improve my grades or just make me more stressed. 9. 他们不确定如何与父母进行坦诚的对话。 They are not sure how they can have an honest dialogue with their parents. 10. 青少年的身体在这个阶段经历快速的变化。 Teenagers' bodies experience rapid changes in shape during this stage. 11. 如果你在青少年时期感觉难过,首先试着向别人寻求帮助。 If you feel bad during your teenage years, first try asking someone for help. 12. 我总是在考试前感到很紧张。 I always get butterflies in my stomach before exams. 13. 我理解当你被伤害的时候你会充满羞耻和恐惧。 I understand you are filled with shame and fear when you are bullied. 四．核心知识解析 知识点1：It takes courage to grow up. 长大需要勇气。 【固定搭配】 （1）It takes + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事需要…… → sb. spend time doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事 It takes patience to learn English well. 学好英语需要耐心。 I spend two hours finishing my homework every day. 我每天花两小时完成作业。 （2）courage n. 勇气（不可数） 【固定搭配】 have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事 encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 It takes great courage to face your mistakes. 直面自己的错误需要很大的勇气。 My teacher always encourages me to keep trying. 我的老师总是鼓励我不断尝试。 知识点2：Common teenage problems 常见的青少年问题 （1）teenage adj. 青少年的，十几岁的 【固定搭配】 a teenage girl/boy一个十几岁的女孩/男孩 a teenage magazine一本青少年杂志 teenage years 青少年时期 My teenage sister likes reading teenage magazines in her free time. 我十几岁的妹妹空闲时喜欢看青少年杂志。 Many people remember their happy teenage years forever. 很多人会永远铭记自己快乐的青少年时期。 teenager n. 青少年 As a teenager, I used to have lots of strange ideas. 在我青少年时期，我曾经有很多新奇的想法。 知识点3：It drives me mad. 这让我抓狂。 （1）drive vt. 迫使；驾驶（drive-drove-driven） 【固定搭配】 drive sb. + adj. 迫使某人...... drive a car 开车 Too much homework drove him tired last night. 昨晚太多作业把他弄得身心疲惫。 （2）mad adj. 气愤的；疯的（mad-madder-maddest） go mad 发疯 【固定搭配】 be mad with sb. 生某人的气 be mad about sth. 因为某事生气/对某物痴迷 My mother is mad with me for being late. 妈妈因为我迟到而生我的气。 He is mad about playing basketball all day. 他痴迷于整天打篮球。 知识点4：You’ve been in low spirits all day. 你一整天都情绪低落。 【固定搭配】 be in low spirits 情绪低落 be in high spirits 情绪高涨 He is in low spirits because he failed the exam. 他考试失利，情绪很低落。 She is in high spirits after winning the game. 赢得比赛后她心情很好。 知识点5：I wonder if I’m going to bed too late. 我想知道我是不是睡得太晚了。 wonder v. 想知道（= want to know） 【固定搭配】 wonder if/whether 想知道是否，后接陈述语序宾语从句 I wonder how to manage my time well. = I want to know how to manage my time well. 我想知道如何合理安排我的时间。 I wonder if you have the courage to speak in public. 我想知道你是否有勇气当众发言。 知识点6：Staying up late is not a healthy habit and it can lead to serious health problems. 熬夜不是健康的习惯，它会引发严重的健康问题。 （1）stay (up) late熬夜；睡得很晚 She often stays up late to finish homework. 她经常熬夜完成作业。 （2）lead to 导致（to 是介词，后接名词/doing，lead过去式为led） 【固定搭配】 lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事 Too much stress leads to bad moods. 过多压力会导致坏情绪。 The teacher leads us to think independently. 老师引导我们独立思考。 知识点7：Try to manage your time better. 尽力更好地管理你的时间。 【固定搭配】 （1）try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做某事（侧重付出努力，想做成，常暗含事情有难度） try doing sth. 试着做某事（当作一种办法、尝试手段），试试这么做看有没有效果 Try to talk with your parents when you have worries. 有烦恼时尽量和父母沟通。 Try listening to music to relax yourself. 试试听音乐放松自己。 （2）manage vt. 完成（困难的事，勉力完成；管理，安排（时间、金钱、事务） 【固定搭配】 manage to do sth. 克服困难、最终成功完成某事 manage your time 管理你的时间 He managed to finish homework before 9 p.m. 他设法在九点前写完了作业。 You should learn to manage your daily time. 你应该学会安排日常时间。 知识点8：They make all the decisions for me. 所有事情都由父母替我做决定。 decision n. 决定 【固定搭配】 make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 = decide to do sth. She made a decision to study abroad last year. 她去年决定出国留学。 It is a difficult decision for him to make. 对他来说这是一个难做的决定。 知识点9：They do not allow me to eat unhealthy food. 他们不允许我吃不健康的食物。 【固定搭配】 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 被动结构 be allowed to do Our teachers allow us to take part in after-school clubs. 老师允许我们参加课外社团。 We are allowed to share our worries with friends. 我们被允许和朋友倾诉烦恼。 知识点10： Every time I talk to them about this, they either lose patience or just stick to their own ideas. 每次我和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么固执己见。 【固定搭配】 （1）either…or… 要么…… 要么……（连接主语遵循就近原则） Either you or your sister needs to talk with parents. 要么你要么你姐姐需要和父母沟通。 （2）patience n. 耐心 【固定搭配】 lose patience 失去耐心 have patience 有耐心 with patience 耐心地 have patience with sb.对某人有耐心 Don’t lose patience when solving teenage problems. 解决青少年问题时不要失去耐心。 You need to have patience when learning new grammar. 学习新语法你要有耐心。 patient n. 病人 patient adj.耐心的 be patient with sb./sth. 对某人/物有耐心 Be patient with your classmates. 对你的同学耐心一点。 （3）stick v. 粘贴，粘住；刺，插入（stick-stuck-stuck） 【固定搭配】 stick to (doing) sth. 坚持（做）某事 stick to one’s own idea/dream/plan 坚持自己的想法/梦想/计划 stick to the rules 遵守规则 Please stick the photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片粘在笔记本上。 Don’t stick to your wrong opinions without thinking. 不要不加思考坚持错误观点。 You should stick to practicing English every day. 你应该坚持每天练习英语。 知识点11：I’m under a lot of stress at school. 我在学校压力很大。 （1）stress n. 精神压力，心理负担 【固定搭配】 under stress 在压力之下，承受压力 cause stress 引发压力 reduce stress 缓解压力 Many teenagers have too much stress from school. 许多青少年承受着太多来自学业的压力。 Students are easy to get sick when they are under stress. 学生在承受压力时很容易生病。 Too much homework will cause much stress for kids. 过多作业会给孩子们带来很大压力。 Listening to soft music can help us reduce stress. 听轻音乐能帮助我们缓解压力。 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的（修饰人） stressful adj. 压力重的（修饰事或物） My family life is stressful, so I always feel stressed. 我的家庭生活压力重重，因此我总感到焦虑不安。 知识点12：I find it hard to achieve a balance between my homework and my hobbies. 我发现很难在作业和爱好之间取得平衡。 【固定搭配】 （1）find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是…… 的（it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面不定式） I find it easy to cut back on screen time. 我发现减少看屏幕时间很简单。 achieve a balance between A and B 在 A 与 B 之间取得平衡 keep a balance between A and B在 A 与 B 之间保持平衡 It’s important to achieve a balance between study and rest. 在学习和休息间取得平衡很重要。 We should keep a balance between work and hobbies. 我们应当平衡学习和爱好。 知识点13： As a result, I feel tired the next day. 结果，我第二天感到疲惫。 【固定搭配】 as a result 因此（= so/therefore，单独使用放句首） as a result of + 名词 因为…… He stays up late every night. As a result, he falls behind others. 他每晚熬夜，因此落后于其他人。 He falls behind as a result of wasting time on phones. 他因为玩手机浪费时间而落后。 He lacks sleep. Therefore, he feels sleepy in class. 他睡眠不足，所以上课犯困。 知识点14：Sometimes I waste time on my mobile phone when I need to do homework. 有时候本该写作业，我却浪费时间玩手机。 （1）waste v. 浪费，滥用 【固定搭配】 waste ... on ... 在......浪费...... waste ... (in) doing sth. 做某事浪费...... Don’t waste your time on meaningless games. 不要把你的时间浪费在无意义的游戏上。 You shouldn’t waste time playing computer games. 你不该浪费时间玩电脑游戏。 waste n. 浪费；废弃物 【固定搭配】 a waste of ... 浪费...... reduce waste 减少废弃物 It’s a waste of water to leave the tap running. 让水龙头一直开着是浪费水。 We can reuse bags to reduce waste. 我们可以重复使用袋子来减少废弃物。 知识点15：I always regret it later, but I just don’t know how to cut back on phone time. 我经常事后后悔，但我就是不知道如何减少玩手机的时间。 （1）regret v./n. 懊悔，遗憾（regret-regretted-regretted） 【固定搭配】 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾将要去做某事（未做） to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是 I regret talking back to my parents last night. 我后悔昨晚和父母顶嘴了。 We regret to say that we have to give up this plan. 我们很遗憾地说，我们不得不放弃这个计划。 To his great regret, he didn’t stick to his dream. 让他万分懊悔的是，他没有坚持自己的梦想。 【固定搭配】 （2）cut back on （= reduce）削减，缩减 We should cut back on junk food to keep healthy. 我们应当少吃垃圾食品保持健康。 We need to reduce our time playing online games. 我们需要减少玩网游的时间。 知识点16：I hate to fall behind. 我讨厌落后于人。 【固定搭配】 fall behind 落后 catch up with 赶上 If you waste time, you will fall behind your classmates. 如果你浪费时间，你会落后于同学。 Work harder to catch up with your deskmate. 努力学习追上你的同桌。 知识点17：I hope you can offer me some advice. 我希望你能给我一些建议。 【固定搭配】 （1）offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物 provide sb. with sth. /provide sth. for sb. My teacher often offers me useful advice. 我的老师经常给我有用的建议。 Parents provide us with food and clothes. 父母为我们提供衣食。 （2）advice n. 建议（不可数） 【固定搭配】 some advice一些建议 suggestion n. 建议（可数） Can you give me some advice on teenage stress? 你能给我一些关于青少年压力的建议吗。 He gives me several useful suggestions. 他给了我几条有用的建议。 知识点18： Second, make sure you are focused when studying. 其次，学习时一定要集中注意力。 （1）focused adj. 注意力集中的 【固定搭配】 stay focused 保持专心 be focused on (doing) sth. 专注于（做）某事 You need to stay focused in class. 课堂上你要保持专心。 He is focused on finishing the difficult math problem. 他正专心攻克这道数学难题。 focus v. 集中（注意力、精力等于） 【固定搭配】 focus on (doing) sth. 集中注意力于（做）某事 Please focus on what the teacher says. 请专心听老师讲课。 We should focus on improving our English skills. 我们应该专心提升自己的英语能力。 知识点19：Amy often argues with her best friend about silly things. 埃米经常因为一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事和她最好的朋友吵架。 【固定搭配】 argue with sb. about sth. 和某人因为某事争吵 You shouldn’t argue with your best friend about silly things. 你不该为鸡毛蒜皮的小事和你最好的朋友争吵。 argument 争吵；争论 have an argument with sb. = argue with sb. 和某人争吵、吵架 Lucy had an argument with her mom about mobile phones. 露西因为手机和妈妈发生了争执。 知识点20：She wonders if this is normal. 她想知道这是否正常。 （1）if/whether 引导一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序 I wonder whether I can solve the problem by myself. 我想知道我能否独自解决这个问题。 I have no idea about whether he will forgive me. 我不知道他是否会原谅我。 normal adj. 正常的，典型的 【固定搭配】 （2）It’s normal (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事是正常的 It’s normal for you to regret your mistakes. 你为自己的错误感到懊悔是正常的。 normally adv. 正常地；通常 I normally focus on my study after dinner. 我通常晚饭后专心学习。 知识点21：The teacher wanted to know whether the students were under a lot of stress. 老师想知道学生是否承受着巨大压力。 【固定搭配】 be under a lot of stress 承受巨大压力 = suffer from stress be free from stress摆脱压力；没有压力 Many Grade 9 students are under a lot of stress from exams. 许多九年级学生承受着巨大的考试压力。 Some teenagers suffer from great stress every day. 一些青少年每天承受巨大压力。 Taking exercise makes you free from stress. 运动能让你摆脱压力。 I find it easy to be free from stress by listening to soft music. 我发现听轻音乐就能轻松缓解压力。 stress n. 压力 → stressed adj.（人）感到有压力的、焦虑的 【固定搭配】 feel stressed 感到压力大 be stressed out 疲惫不堪 stressful adj. （事物）令人产生压力的 Too much school stress makes me tired. 太多学业压力让我疲惫。 I always feel stressed before exams. 考试前我总是感到压力很大。 She is stressed out because of lots of homework. 大量作业让她身心俱疲。 It’s a stressful week for all students. 对所有学生来说，这是充满压力的一周。 知识点22： From the bottom of my heart, I just want to succeed and feel proud of myself. 发自内心来说，我只想获得成功，为自己感到骄傲。 （1）bottom n. 底部；底 【固定搭配】 at the bottom of ... 在......底部/末尾 from top to bottom 从上到下；彻底地 the bottom of the page 页面底端 There are many stones at the bottom of the river. 河底有许多石头。 The teacher checked my article from top to bottom. 老师从头到尾仔细检查了我的作文。 You can find the answer at the bottom of the page. 你能在页面底端找到答案。 知识点23：They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 他们并不总能理解父母为什么制定这么多规矩。 特殊疑问词 why/what/how/who/where 引导宾语从句，从句必须陈述语序 I don’t understand why my parents are strict with me. 我不明白父母为什么对我严格。 知识点24：Many teenagers do not know what they should do. 许多青少年不知道他们该做什么。 what 在宾语从句中作宾语 → 疑问词 where 作地点状语；how 作方式状语 He doesn’t know what he can do to reduce stress. 他不知道自己能做些什么来减压。 I don’t know where I can ask for help. 我不知道去哪里寻求帮助。 She wonders how she can balance study and hobbies. 她想知道如何平衡学习与爱好。 知识点25： I don’t know ... I can communicate with them. 我不知道......才能和他们沟通。 communicate v. 沟通 【固定搭配】 communicate with sb. 和某人交流/沟通 You should communicate with your parents when you feel stressed. 当你感到压力大时，你应该和父母沟通。 communication n. 交流；沟通 face-to-face communication 面对面交流 Good communication helps us get on well with others. 良好的沟通有助于我们和别人友好相处。 知识点26：I wonder if/whether Millie can help me get along well with my friends. 我想知道米莉是否能帮我和我的朋友们好好相处。 【固定搭配】 get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 get along badly with sb. 和某人相处不好 You should learn to get along well with others. 你应该学会和别人友好相处。 Don’t get along badly with your deskmate over small things. 不要因为小事和同桌闹矛盾。 知识点27：Teenage years are a stage of change and growth. 青少年时期是一段充满变化与成长的阶段。 （1）teenage adj. 青少年的 Teenage years 青少年岁月 teenager n. 青少年 Teenage years are a special stage of change and growth for every teenager. 青少年时期对每一位青少年来说都是一段充满变化与成长的特殊阶段。 Many teenagers feel much stressed during their teenage years because of heavy schoolwork. 许多青少年在青少年时期都会因为繁重的学业感到巨大压力。 （2）a stage of … …… 的阶段 Facing all kinds of difficulties bravely is an important stage of everyone’s life. 勇敢面对各种各样的困难是每个人人生中至关重要的一段历程。 知识点28：Teenagers’ bodies experience rapid changes in shape during this stage. 青少年的身体在这个阶段会经历外形的快速变化。 experience v. 经历（ = go through） experience n. 经历（可数）/ 经验（不可数） 【固定搭配】 a special experience 一次特别的经历 have much/rich experience in ... 在......方面经验丰富 All teenagers experience different growing troubles. 所有青少年都会经历不同的成长烦恼。 We all go through hard times in teenage years. 我们都会度过艰难的青少年时期。 This is a special experience for every teen. 这对每个青少年都是一段特别的经历。 The guide has rich experience in introducing Nanjing culture. 这位导游介绍南京文化经验丰富。 知识点29：Many teenagers suffer from skin problems. 许多青少年受皮肤问题困扰。 suffer from 遭受；患有（疾病、烦恼） Lots of students suffer from exam stress every term. 很多学生每学期都饱受考试压力困扰。 知识点30： Sometimes your friends want you to do things that you probably do not want to do. 有时候朋友想让你做一些你可能不想做的事。 probably adv. 很可能，大概（作状语，放在be动词/助动词后、行为动词前） It is probably going to rain this afternoon. 今天下午大概要下雨。 They have probably finished their homework already. 他们很可能已经写完作业了。 It probably takes ten minutes to walk there. 走路去那儿大概需要十分钟。 知识点31： It might be hard for you to refuse because you do not want to risk losing the friendship. 你或许很难拒绝，因为你不想冒着失去这份友谊的风险。 【固定搭配】 （1）It is + adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事…… It is + adj. of sb. to do 某人做某事真是……（形容人品质） It is hard for teens to say no to their friends. 青少年很难对朋友说不。 It is kind of you to listen to my worries. 你能倾听我的烦恼真是善良。 （2）risk vt. 冒......的风险；冒险做 【固定搭配】 risk sth./doing sth. 冒......的风险 = take a risk to do avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 He risked his life to save the little boy. 他冒着生命危险救下了小男孩。 He takes a risk to tell his parents the truth. 他冒险告诉父母真相。 Don’t risk driving after drinking. 不要冒险酒后驾车。 She risked losing her job to tell the truth. 她冒着丢掉工作的风险说出了真相。 We should avoid staying up late to be free from stress. 我们应该避免熬夜，远离压力。 risk n. 风险；危险 at risk 处于危险中 take a risk/take risks 冒险 Over 10, 000 jobs are at risk due to AI. 由于人工智能，超过10000个工作岗位面临风险。 You shouldn’t take a risk when crossing the road. 过马路时你不应该冒险。 知识点32：Putting on weight, for example, can make you feel like a stranger in your own body and even make you feel ugly. 例如，体重增加会让你对自己的身体感到陌生，甚至让你觉得自己很丑， （1）stranger n. 陌生人；外地人 【固定搭配】 be a strange to sb. 对某人来说是陌生人 As a stranger here, he gets lost easily. 作为外地人，他很容易迷路。 He is a stranger to Nanjing and knows little about Xuanwu Lake. 他是刚来南京的外地人，对玄武湖不太了解。 strange adj. 陌生的；奇怪的 It’s strange that she didn’t come to school today. 很奇怪她今天没来上学。 知识点33：I’m so nervous. I always get butterflies in my stomach before exams. 我紧张得不行，每次考试前心里都七上八下的。 （1）nervous adj. 紧张的 【固定搭配】 feel nervous 感到紧张 be nervous about sth. 对某事感到紧张 If you feel nervous before exams, you can ask your teachers for some useful advice. 如果你考前感到焦虑，可以向老师寻求一些有用的建议。 Many teenagers are nervous about communicating with their parents when they have different opinions. 很多青少年在和父母产生分歧时，会对和他们沟通这件事感到紧张。 get butterflies in my stomach 心里七上八下；紧张忐忑 Many students get butterflies in their stomach before important exams. 很多学生在重大考试前都会紧张不安。 知识点34： Bullying is a serious problem and causes a lot of pain. 欺凌是很严重的问题，会造成很大痛苦。 pain n. 痛苦；疼痛 【固定搭配】 have a pain in + 身体部位 某部位疼痛 be in pain 处于痛苦中 She has a pain in her right leg after running. 跑完步后她右腿疼。 The little dog is in pain after falling down. 小狗摔倒后十分痛苦。 painful adj. 疼痛的；令人痛苦的 → painless adj. 无痛的 It was a painful experience for him. 对他来说这是一段痛苦的经历。 The new treatment is quick and painless. 这种新疗法快速又无痛。 知识点35：To be honest, I often feel lonely lately. 说实话，我最近常常感到孤单。 【固定搭配】 （1）To be honest = To tell the truth 说实话；老实说 To be honest, I don’t get on well with my brother. 说实话，我和我弟弟相处得不好。 （2）lately 最近；近来 = recently （常和现在完成时、一般现在时连用） I often feel upset and lonely lately. 我最近时常感到失落又孤单。 He has made great progress in English lately. 他最近在英语上取得了很大进步。 知识点36：No one should have to put up with that. 没有人必须忍受那样的事。 【固定搭配】 put up with 忍受 = stand /bear → put up 张贴、搭建 We should not put up with school bullying. 我们不应该忍受校园欺凌。 I can’t stand too much study pressure. 我无法承受过重的学习压力。 Please put up the notice on the wall. 请把通知张贴在墙上。 知识点37：Do not let a bully get you down. 不要让欺凌者使你消沉。 （1）bully vt. 恐吓，胁迫，伤害 【固定搭配】 bully sb. 欺负某人 bully sb. into doing sth. 逼迫某人做某事 We should never bully our classmates at school. 在学校里，我们绝不应该欺负同学。 They bullied him into giving them his pocket money. 他们逼迫他把零花钱交给他们。 【固定搭配】 （2）get sb. down 使某人沮丧、消沉 → cheer sb. up 使某人振作 Don’t let small failures get you down. 不要让小小的失败使你消沉。 Your friends will cheer you up when you are sad. 你难过时朋友会让你振作起来。 知识点38：Be strong and stand up for yourself. 坚强一点，勇敢为自己挺身而出。 （1）strong adj. 坚强的 【固定搭配】 be strong 坚强一点 stay strong 保持坚强 When you feel upset, you should be strong and face all your troubles bravely. 当你难过时，要坚强，勇敢面对所有烦恼。 Stay strong and talk with friends if you often feel lonely in your teenage years. 少年时期若常感到孤单，保持坚强并和朋友倾诉。 【固定搭配】 （2）stand up for sb. 支持/维护某人 Real friends will always stand up for you when others misunderstand you at school. 真正的朋友会在学校有人误解你时，始终站出来维护你。 知识点39：I understand you are filled with shame and fear when you are bullied. 我知道被欺负时，你（内心）满是羞耻和害怕。 shame n. 羞耻 【固定搭配】 to one’s shame 令某人惭愧的是 It’s a shame to do sth. 做某事很可惜/羞耻 To his shame, he lied to his best friend. 令他羞愧的是，他对最好的朋友撒了谎。 It’s a shame to waste so much food. 浪费这么多食物实在太可惜了。 It’s a shame to laugh at disabled people. 嘲笑残疾人是很可耻的。 知识点40：Please reach out to me. I’m always here for you. 请随时找我，我会一直陪着你。 【固定搭配】 reach out to sb. 向某人求助、主动联系某人 = ask sb. for help If you feel lonely, reach out to your family members. 如果你感到孤单，可以主动找家人聊聊。 You can ask your best friend for help at any time. 你随时可以向最好的朋友求助。 be here for you陪着你、支持你、为你守候 Don’t be afraid. I am here for you no matter what happens. 别害怕，无论发生什么，我都会支持你。 单元语法：宾语从句 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 我们可用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。 如：I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 （1）连词 if 和 whether 意思是 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用 if。 如：Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week.汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 如： "Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?" Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking if/whether Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday.胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 （3）宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。 如： She wonders, "Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?" → She wonders if/whether she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 "Can you help me?" she asks. → She asks if/whether I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 教材原句解析 1.She wonders if this is normal, so she talks to her mum about it. 解析：if引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（this is normal）；主句是一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。 2.She asks whether her mum has any advice. 解析：whether引导宾语从句，可与if互换；从句用陈述语序（her mum has any advice）。 3.I'm not sure if talking about it will help. 解析：形容词sure后面接if引导的宾语从句；从句的主语是动名词短语talking about it。 易错点提醒 1.不要混淆if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 宾语从句：if意为“是否”，时态根据主句变化 条件状语从句：if意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现” 例：I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will tell you. 解析：第一个if引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。 2.宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即使主句是疑问句 错误：Do you know if will he come? 正确：Do you know if he will come? 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know whose pencil this is. 我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows when the train will arrive. 没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有 what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有 when、where、how、why。 （1）连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me what they are doing? 你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ （what 在从句中做宾语，意思是 “什么”） （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know why that little boy is crying. 她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 （3）宾语从句中的连接代词 who 与 whom 都指人，意思是 “谁”。其中 who 为主格，在从句中做主语；whom 为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know who is playing the piano next door. 我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with? 你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom 在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用 who 代替 whom。 （4）含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough. 我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take? 你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 教材原句解析 1.They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 解析：why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语；从句用陈述语序（their parents have so many rules）。 2.Many teenagers do not know what they should do about it. 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语；从句用陈述语序（they should do what）。 3.They are not sure how they can have an honest dialogue with their parents. 解析：how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语；从句用陈述语序（they can have an honest dialogue how）。 易错点提醒 1.疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问词后面必须接陈述语序 2.注意区分疑问词在从句中作的成分，避免语序错误 例：I don't know who is knocking at the door.（who在从句中作主语，语序不变） 例：I don't know who he is looking for.（who在从句中作宾语，用陈述语序） 随堂训练 一．根据中文提示完成句子 1.我想知道你是否喜欢这本书。 I ______ ______ you like this book. 2.你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ Can you tell me ______ the library ______? 3.我不知道他什么时候回来。 I don't know ______ he ______ ______ back. 4.她问我是否去过上海。 She asked me ______ I ______ ______ to Shanghai. 5.你知道他在等谁吗？ Do you know ______ he ______ ______ ______? 6.我不确定明天是否会下雨。 I am not sure ______ it ______ ______ tomorrow. 7.你能告诉我怎样才能学好英语吗？ Can you tell me ______ I ______ ______ English well? 8.他问我为什么上学迟到了。 He asked me ______ I ______ ______ for school. 9.我不知道该做什么。 I don't know ______ ______ ______. 10.她还没决定是否去参加聚会。 She hasn't decided ______ ______ ______ to the party. 【答案】1.wonder if/whether2.where; is3.when; will come4.if/whether; had been5.who; is waiting for6.if/whether; will rain7.how; can learn8.why; was late9.what to do10.whether to go 二、改为宾语从句（陈述语序） 1. Where does Tom live? I don’t know. 2. Will she join us? He wants to know. 【答案】 1. I don’t know where Tom lives. 2. He wants to know if/whether she will join us. 三、改错（划出错误并改正） 1. Do you know where is the library? 2. I wonder who are you waiting for. 【答案】 1. where is → where the library is 2. who are you → who you are （时间：40分钟） 一．选用方框中的短语填空 A make decisions ，be allowed to，stick to ，lose patience ， cut back on ，fall behind 1. Kitty’s parents __________ all the __________ in her life. She has no chance to be herself. 2. Kitty is not __________ eat unhealthy food, even as a treat. 3. Every time Kitty talks to her parents, they either __________ or just __________ their own opinions. 4. Simon wonders if he should __________ football. 5. Simon is __________ in many of his classes. 【答案】1. make; decisions 2. allowed to 3. lose patience; stick to 4. cut back on 5. falling behind B deal with ， run into trouble， put on weight ，stand up for ， reach out to ， put up with 1. Teenagers often __________ with their friends during this stage. 2. Many teenagers suffer from skin problems and may not know how to __________ them. 3. __________ can make you feel like a stranger in your own body. 4. If someone bullies you, you should __________ yourself bravely. 5. No one should have to __________ bullying. It is a terrible problem. 6. If you need someone to talk to, please __________ me. 【答案】1. run into trouble 2. deal with 3. Putting on weight 4. stand up for 5. put up with 6. reach out to 二．根据课文内容，用正确的词汇完成句子。 1. 我觉得我的父母做了我生活中所有的决定，我没有机会做自己。 I feel like my parents __________ all the __________ in my life and I don’t have any chance to be __________. 2. 每次我试图和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么坚持己见。 Every time I try __________ to them about this, they either __________ patience or just __________ to their own opinions. 3. 我经常不得不比同学花更多时间在学业上，所以我必须熬夜完成作业。 I often have to __________ more time on my schoolwork than my classmates, so I have to __________ __________ late to finish it. 4. 我后悔在那之后，但我就是不知道如何控制自己。 I always __________ it after, but I just don’t know how to __________ myself. 5. 我想知道我是否应该减少踢足球的时间。 I wonder __________ I should __________ __________ on football. 6. 青少年时期是一个充满变化和成长的阶段。每天，青少年都在应对各种压力和问题。 Teenage years are a stage of __________ and __________. Every day, teenagers are __________ with all kinds of stresses and problems. 7. 许多青少年遭受皮肤问题的困扰，这让他们觉得自己很丑。 Many teenagers __________ from skin problems, which make them feel __________. 8. 有时候，你的朋友可能想让你做你不想做的事情，但你很难拒绝。 Sometimes your friends may want you to do things that you probably do not want to do, but it might be __________ for you to say __________. 9. 不要害怕告诉别人发生了什么。和你的父母或老师谈谈这件事。 Don’t be __________ to tell people what is going on. __________ to your parents or a teacher about it. 10. 如果你需要倾诉，请联系我。我永远在这里支持你。 If you need someone to __________, please __________ out to me. I’m always here for you. 【答案】1. make; decisions; myself 2. to talk; lose; stick 3. spend; stay up 4. regret; control 5. whether; cut back6. change; growth; dealing 7. suffer; ugly 8. hard; no 9. afraid; Talk 10. talk; reach 三．语法训练 A.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.I don't know if he ______ (come) tomorrow. 2.She asked me if I ______ (be) free the next day. 3.Can you tell me where he ______ (go) yesterday? 4.I wonder when the meeting ______ (begin). 5.He asked me how I ______ (get) to school every day. 6.I don't know what ______ (do) next. 7.She hasn't decided whether ______ (stay) at home or go out. 8.Do you know who ______ (win) the game yesterday? 9.I am not sure if it ______ (rain) tomorrow. 10.He told me that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. 【答案】1.will come 2.would be 3.went 4.will begin 5.got 6.to do 7.to stay 8.won 9.will rain 10.goes B.完成句子 1.（if引导宾语从句）我想知道他明天是否会来。 2.（whether...or not）我不知道她是否会同意我的意见。 3.（what引导宾语从句）你能告诉我你在做什么吗？ 4.（where引导宾语从句）他问我住在哪里。 5.（how引导宾语从句）我不知道怎样才能解决这个问题。 【答案】1.I wonder if he will come tomorrow. 2.I don't know whether she will agree with me or not. 3.Can you tell me what you are doing? 4.He asked me where I lived. 5.I don't know how I can solve this problem. C.短文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的连接词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Mr Friend, I have some problems with my parents. I don't know 1. ______ I should do. I feel like my parents make all the decisions for me. I wonder 2. ______ I can have some freedom. I tried talking to them, but I don't know 3. ______ they will listen to me. I am not sure 4. ______ I can get along well with them. Can you tell me 5. ______ I should do? Yours, Zhang Ke 【答案】1.what 2.if/whether 3.if/whether 4.if/whether 5.what 四．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 People believe that almost all children are born clever kids. The problem is how to stay clever as they are growing older. Being careless and 1 (patient) will not only be bad for learning, but also for their future life. A famous 2 (science) once said that a troubled heart is a distracted (注意力分散的) mind. If problems are always on his mind, it’s hard to focus. Some students think their parents are strict 3 them and can’t get on well with them. Some students always keep worries to 4 (they), and this drives them even 5 (mad). Others don’t know how to deal with their problems. Feeling helpless, they have no choice but 6 (give) up. My cousin had the same problems. 7 he knew his parents and teachers cared, he didn’t know how to talk about his problems. He bought a book on how to achieve a balance between study and play. He found its advice was worth 8 (follow). For example, the book advises that when studying, full attention should 9 (pay) to the lessons. It also points out the importance of growing up in a well-rounded way. Since then, everything 10 (change) for my cousin. We hope more and more students like my cousin will find their path to growth. 【答案】1．impatient 2．scientist 3．with 4．themselves 5．madder 6．to give 7．Although/Though 8．following 9．be paid 10．has changed 【导语】本文通过描述孩子们在成长过程中保持聪明才智的问题，探讨了分心、焦虑和压力对孩子学习的影响，并通过作者表弟的例子，提出了如何通过寻求平衡和有效沟通来应对这些问题。 1．句意：粗心和急躁不仅不利于学习，也不利于他们未来的生活。根据“Being careless and...”可知，此处应填一个与careless词性相同的词，patient“耐心的”，形容词，其反义词为impatient“不耐心的”。故填impatient。 2．句意：一位著名的科学家曾经说过，内心不安，思绪就会分散。根据“A famous...”可知，此处应填名词，science“科学”，名词，其表示人的名词为scientist“科学家”。故填scientist。 3．句意：一些学生认为他们的父母对他们很严格，不能和他们相处得很好。be strict with sb“对某人要求严格”，固定短语。故填with。 4．句意：有些学生总是把自己的忧虑藏在心里，这让他们更加疯狂。keep sth to oneself“保密，不与他人分享”，固定短语，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 5．句意：有些学生总是把自己的忧虑藏在心里，这让他们更加疯狂。even“甚至”，后跟比较级，mad“疯狂的”，形容词，其比较级为madder。故填madder。 6．句意：感到无助，他们别无选择，只能放弃。have no choice but to do sth“别无选择，只能做某事”，固定短语。故填to give。 7．句意：虽然他知道他的父母和老师很关心他，但他不知道如何谈论他的问题。根据“...he knew his parents and teachers cared, he didn’t know how to talk about his problems.”可知，前后句为转折关系，though/although“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Though/Although。 8．句意：他发现它的建议值得采纳。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，固定短语。故填following。 9．句意：例如，这本书建议在学习时，应该全神贯注于功课。pay attention to“注意”，固定短语，attention与pay之间为被动关系，故此处应用被动语态，情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填be paid。 10．句意：从那以后，我表弟的一切都变了。根据“Since then”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语everything为不定代词，助动词用has。故填has changed。 五．阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过8个单词。 Waking up to success Feeling tired is very common, especially when you have too much homework and too many activities. But there are some easy ways to help you look and feel better. When you get up, go outside for a few minutes. Just 5 to 10 minutes in the sun can help your body feel more awake in the day. Besides sunlight, a little exercise helps a lot. Even easy activities like simple yoga, stretching, or a 10-to-20-minute walk can make your mind clear and help you relax. But movement is not the only way to get more energy. Deep breathing helps too. When you are stressed, your breath becomes shallow and your muscles get tight. This makes you more tired. Try slow, deep breaths. Breathe out longer than you breathe in. This helps you relax and calm down. If you need to focus before class, try box breathing. Breathe in for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, breathe out for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds. After a few minutes, you will feel more focused. Good posture (姿势) is also important. Your posture shows if you are tired. If you slump forward (驼背), you look and feel more tired. Sit up straight, lift your chest, and imagine you are growing taller. This makes you look awake and feel better at once. If you sit for long every day, roll your shoulders back every hour. This simple action helps your muscles, improves blood flow to your brain, and keeps you awake. 1．How do you feel when you have too much homework and too many activities? 2．How long should you stay outside in the sun to feel more awake during the day? 3．Why does the writer suggest you not to slump forward when sitting? 4．What can help you relax according to the passage? 5．What method do you think is the most helpful in your daily life? Why? 【答案】1．Tired. 2．5 to 10 minutes. 3．Because you look and feel more tired. 4．Easy activities and deep breathing. 5．Deep breathing, because it is easy. (答案不唯一) 【导语】本文主要介绍了应对学习与活动繁忙时产生疲劳的几种简单方法，包括晒太阳、运动、深呼吸、调整姿势等，帮助人们改善状态、恢复精力。 【详解】1．首段直接描述了作业和活动过多时的感受：“Feeling tired is very common, especially when you have too much homework and too many activities.”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段明确给出了晒太阳的时长：“Just 5 to 10 minutes in the sun can help your body feel more awake in the day.”。这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 3．第五段直接说明了不建议驼背的原因：“If you slump forward, you look and feel more tired.”。答案几乎是原文引述。 4．第三、四段分别提到了能帮助放松的方式：“Even easy activities like simple yoga, stretching, or a 10-to-20-minute walk can make your mind clear and help you relax. Deep breathing helps too.”。答案是对原文信息的概括总结。 5．开放题型，结合文中方法阐述观点，理由贴合文意即可。 $