Unit 4 Break boundaries 打破边界（单元阅读精练）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“打破边界”为主题，融合语篇阅读、词汇积累与解题方法，构建“主题引领-方法提炼-素养提升”的专项训练体系，强化语言能力与跨文化思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|5篇（含高考真题）|细节理解题四步法（定位-比对-排除-顺序）|以MSF组织等语篇为载体，串联词汇（如metaphorical）、词块（如transcend boundaries）与细节题解题逻辑| |七选五|2篇|逻辑衔接分析法（显性/隐性线索）|围绕“无形边界”“全球公民”主题，训练语篇结构与上下文关联能力| |完形填空|2篇|语境词义推断法|通过人道主义援助、文化交流故事，融合词汇辨析与主题意义理解| |语法填空|1篇|语法规则应用法（如时态、非谓语）|结合全球化背景，强化语法知识在语篇中的综合运用|

Unit 4 Break boundaries 打破边界 单元阅读精练 In a world increasingly defined by walls, both physical and metaphorical, there exists an organization that has made it its mission to tear them down. Since its founding in 1971, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)—or Doctors Without Borders, as it is known in English—has operated on a simple but radical principle: that every human being, regardless of nationality, race, religion, or political affiliation, deserves access to medical care. This principle, born out of the conviction that humanitarian aid should transcend political boundaries, has guided MSF through some of the most devastating crises of the past half-century. The organization was established by a group of French doctors and journalists who were frustrated with the limitations of traditional humanitarian organizations. They had witnessed firsthand how political considerations often delayed or prevented aid from reaching those who needed it most. Their vision was clear: create an organization that could respond quickly and impartially to emergencies anywhere in the world, without waiting for government permission or political consensus. This was, in many ways, a revolutionary idea—one that challenged the very notion that borders should determine who lives and who dies. MSF's first major mission was in 1971, responding to a devastating cyclone that struck East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Since then, the organization has been at the forefront of virtually every major humanitarian crisis—from the famine in Ethiopia in the 1980s to the genocide in Rwanda in 1994, from the Ebola outbreaks in West Africa to the ongoing conflicts in Syria, Yemen, and Ukraine. In each of these settings, MSF teams have worked under extreme conditions, often risking their own lives to save others. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999 in recognition of its pioneering humanitarian work. What sets MSF apart is not just its willingness to go where others will not, but its commitment to speaking out. The organization practices what it calls "témoignage"—a French word meaning "bearing witness." This means that MSF does not simply provide medical care in silence; it also speaks out about the suffering it witnesses, holding governments and other actors accountable for humanitarian crises. This dual commitment—to action and to advocacy—has made MSF a powerful voice for the voiceless. The boundaries that MSF crosses are not only geographical. The organization actively works to break down barriers between different medical traditions, between local communities and international aid workers, and between emergency relief and long-term development. In recent years, MSF has also been at the forefront of challenging the boundaries that limit access to essential medicines, advocating for lower drug prices and greater investment in research for neglected diseases. Perhaps the most profound boundary that MSF challenges is the boundary between "us" and "them." In a world where nationalist rhetoric is on the rise and divisions seem to deepen by the day, MSF's work serves as a powerful reminder of our shared humanity. When a doctor from France treats a patient in South Sudan, when a nurse from Japan vaccinates a child in Yemen, when a logistician from Brazil ensures that supplies reach a clinic in Ukraine—these acts embody a vision of a world without borders, a world where human life is valued above all else. The challenges facing MSF today are greater than ever. Conflicts are more complex, humanitarian access is more restricted, and the gap between humanitarian needs and resources continues to widen. Yet the organization's commitment to breaking boundaries remains unwavering. As one MSF veteran put it: "We don't cross borders because it's easy. We cross borders because people need us on the other side." In a time of walls, MSF remains a bridge. In a time of division, it stands for unity. In a time of indifference, it insists on compassion. The boundaries we build may be many, but the humanity we share is one. 在一个日益由有形和无形的墙所定义的世界里，有一个组织以拆除这些墙为使命。自1971年成立以来，无国界医生组织（MSF）——英文名为Doctors Without Borders——一直秉持一个简单而激进的原则：每一个人，无论国籍、种族、宗教或政治立场如何，都应当获得医疗救治。这一原则源于人道主义援助应当超越政治边界的信念，指引无国界医生走过了过去半个世纪中最具毁灭性的一些危机。 该组织由一群对传统人道主义组织的局限性感到失望的法国医生和记者创立。他们亲身见证了政治考量如何常常延误或阻止援助到达最需要的人手中。他们的愿景很明确：创建一个能够快速、公正地响应世界各地紧急情况的组织，无需等待政府许可或政治共识。这在许多方面都是一个革命性的想法——它挑战了边界应当决定谁生谁死这一观念本身。 无国界医生的第一个重大任务是1971年，响应袭击东巴基斯坦（现孟加拉国）的毁灭性气旋。此后，该组织几乎一直站在每一次重大人道主义危机的最前线——从20世纪80年代埃塞俄比亚的饥荒到1994年卢旺达的种族灭绝，从西非的埃博拉疫情到叙利亚、也门和乌克兰持续不断的冲突。在每一种环境中，无国界医生的团队都在极端条件下工作，常常冒着生命危险拯救他人。该组织于1999年获得诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰其开创性的人道主义工作。 使无国界医生与众不同的不仅是它愿意去别人不愿去的地方，还有它对发声的承诺。该组织践行所谓的“témoignage”——一个法语词，意为“见证”。这意味着无国界医生不仅仅是在沉默中提供医疗救治；它还就其所目睹的苦难发声，要求政府和其他行为者为 humanitarian crises 负责。这种对行动和倡导的双重承诺，使无国界医生成为无声者的强大声音。 无国界医生跨越的边界不仅是地理上的。该组织积极致力于打破不同医疗传统之间、当地社区与国际援助工作者之间、紧急救济与长期发展之间的障碍。近年来，无国界医生还站在挑战限制基本药物获取的边界的最前沿，倡导降低药品价格和增加对被忽视疾病研究的投入。 也许无国界医生所挑战的最深刻的边界是“我们”与“他们”之间的边界。在一个民族主义言论抬头、分歧日益加深的世界里，无国界医生的工作有力地提醒着我们共同的人性。当一位来自法国的医生在南苏丹治疗病人，当一位来自日本的护士在也门为儿童接种疫苗，当一位来自巴西的后勤人员确保物资到达乌克兰的一家诊所——这些行为体现了一个没有边界的世界的愿景，一个人类生命高于一切的世界。 如今无国界医生面临的挑战比以往任何时候都更加严峻。冲突更加复杂，人道主义准入更加受限，人道主义需求与资源之间的差距持续扩大。然而该组织打破边界的承诺始终坚定不移。正如一位无国界医生的资深成员所说：“我们跨越边界不是因为容易。我们跨越边界是因为另一边的人们需要我们。” 在一个充满墙的时代，无国界医生依然是一座桥梁。在一个分裂的时代，它代表着团结。在一个冷漠的时代，它坚持同情。我们建造的边界可能很多，但我们共享的人性只有一个。 metaphorical [ˌmetəˈfɒrɪkl] adj. 隐喻的，比喻性的 radical [ˈrædɪkl] adj. 根本的，激进的 principle [ˈprɪnsəpl] n. 原则，准则 conviction [kənˈvɪkʃn] n. 信念，确信 transcend [trænˈsend] v. 超越，超出 devastating [ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ] adj. 毁灭性的 humanitarian [hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən] adj. 人道主义的 impartial [ɪmˈpɑːʃl] adj. 公正的，不偏不倚的 consensus [kənˈsensəs] n. 共识，一致意见 revolutionary [ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri] adj. 革命性的 genocide [ˈdʒenəsaɪd] n. 种族灭绝 témoignage [teɪmwɑːˈnɑːʒ] n. （法）见证，证词 advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] v. 倡导，提倡 neglect [nɪˈɡlekt] v. 忽视，忽略 profound [prəˈfaʊnd] adj. 深刻的，深远的 rhetoric [ˈretərɪk] n. 修辞，言辞 embody [ɪmˈbɒdi] v. 体现，代表 unwavering [ʌnˈweɪvərɪŋ] adj. 坚定的，不动摇的 solidarity [ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti] n. 团结， solidarity compassion [kəmˈpæʃn] n. 同情，怜悯 一、无国界医生组织（Médecins Sans Frontières） 无国界医生组织由一群法国医生和记者于1971年创立，总部设在日内瓦。该组织是全球最大的独立人道主义医疗组织之一，每年在超过70个国家开展项目。其核心原则包括：中立、公正、独立。无国界医生不接受任何政府的直接资助，以保持其行动的自由和独立性。1999年，该组织获得诺贝尔和平奖。 二、“见证”（Témoignage）理念 “Témoignage”是无国界医生组织核心理念之一，源自法语，意为“见证”或“作证”。这一理念要求无国界医生的成员不仅要提供医疗援助，还要公开记录和讲述他们所目睹的苦难，以引起国际社会的关注并推动改变。这种将实地救助与公众倡导相结合的做法，使无国界医生区别于许多其他人道主义组织。 三、人类命运共同体 “人类命运共同体”是中国提出的重要国际关系理念，强调各国人民的前途命运紧密相连，应共同努力建设一个持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。这一理念与无国界医生“超越边界”的使命在精神上高度契合，都强调跨越国界、团结合作的重要性。 词块搭配 tear down walls拆除墙壁（打破障碍） transcend boundaries超越边界 humanitarian aid人道主义援助 bear witness见证，作证 speak out公开发声 hold accountable追究责任 at the forefront处于最前沿 break down barriers打破障碍 on the rise在上升，在增长 serve as a reminder作为一个提醒 embody a vision体现一种愿景 remain unwavering保持坚定不移 【高考真题链接】 （2022·北京卷·阅读理解B篇） My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled my ability to do anything. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at everything I attempted, which was impossible from the start, so I was constantly setting myself up for failure. I had to do something. I was introduced to a volunteer group that worked on a community farm. Every Saturday, I would wake up early, drive an hour to the farm, and work there for six hours. I would harvest crops, remove weeds, and water plants. The work was hard and I often left with my back aching and my hands covered in calluses (老茧). But I felt a sense of accomplishment that I had never experienced before. The best part was that on the farm, there was no such thing as “perfection”. The crops didn't care whether I had carefully read every gardening book. The weeds didn't judge me for pulling them out too slowly. I learned that it was okay not to be perfect. I didn't have to be the perfect volunteer, the perfect student, or the perfect person. I just needed to be present and do my best. I continued this routine for several months, and gradually, the anxiety that had once consumed me began to fade. I became more forgiving of myself and more patient with others. I started to apply this new mindset to my studies and relationships. I realized that growth doesn't come from achieving perfection — it comes from showing up, trying, and learning from failure. Looking back, I see that joining that volunteer group was a turning point in my life. It broke the boundaries I had built around myself — the unrealistic standards, the fear of judgment, and the constant pressure to be flawless. The farm taught me that imperfection is not a weakness; it is what makes us human. 1. What was the main cause of Alice's anxiety? A. She was overloaded with schoolwork. B. She feared being judged by others. C. She demanded perfection of herself. D. She lacked experience in social activities. 2. How did Alice feel about her volunteer work on the farm? A. Bored and exhausted. B. Fulfilled and rewarded. C. Anxious and stressed. D. Disappointed and regretful. 3. What did Alice learn from her experience on the farm? A. Perfection is the key to success. B. Hard work always brings recognition. C. It is acceptable not to be perfect. D. Volunteering is the best way to relax. 4. What does the author's story mainly convey? A. Volunteering is the only way to overcome anxiety. B. Breaking self-imposed boundaries leads to personal growth. C. Perfectionism is a desirable quality for students. D. Hard physical labor cures all mental problems. ( 1 ． My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at everything I attempted, which was impossible from the start, so I was constantly setting myself up for failure. 抓标志： 冒号表示解释说明；关系代词 which 引导非限制性定语从句；连词 so 表示因果关系 判类型： 主句＋冒号引导的解释说明成分（内含定语从句和结果状语从句） 试翻译： 我的完美主义倾向是这一切的根源：我想在尝试的每件事上都做到完美，而这从一开始就是不可能的，所以我不断让自己陷入失败。 2 ． It broke the boundaries I had built around myself — the unrealistic standards, the fear of judgment, and the constant pressure to be flawless. 抓标志： 省略关系代词 that/which 的定语从句；破折号表示补充说明 判类型： 主句（含定语从句修饰 boundaries ）＋破折号引导的同位语补充说明 试翻译： 它打破了我围绕自己所建立的边界——不切实际的标准、对被评判的恐惧以及不断追求完美的压力。 ) ( 命题特点 细节理解题是阅读理解中最基础的题型，旨在考查考生对文章中具体信息的获取和辨认能力。这类题目在高 考阅读理解中占比最大，通常达到 4-6 题。细节理解题包括直接信息题（答案可在文中直接找到）和间接信息题（需对原文信息进行简单转换或推理）。命题常见于：（ 1 ）人物、时间、地点、事件等具体信息处；（ 2 ）因果关系处；（ 3 ）方式方法处；（ 4 ）人物感受和态度处。 命题规律 1. 因果关系处常考：文中明确说明原因或结果的句子，常成为细节题的命题点。 2. 人物感受和评价处常考：表达人物情感、态度、观点的句子，是细节题的高频考点。 3. 转折和对比处常考：包含 but, however, although 等转折词的句子，往往包含重要信息。 细节理解题 解题思维 1. 精准定位：根据题干中的关键词（如人名、专有名词、特定描述等）迅速回文定位，找到相关信息所在的句子或段落。 2. 比对选项：将选项与原文信息进行逐一比对，注意选项是否对原文进行了同义替换、词性转换或语态变换。 3. 排除干扰：排除与原文信息不符、无中生有、张冠李戴或过于绝对的选项。 4. 注意顺序：高考阅读理解的题目顺序通常与文章行文顺序一致，可利用这一规律辅助定位。 细节理解题干扰项特征 1. 偷换概念：选项中的关键词与原文相似但实质不同。 2. 张冠李戴：将文中 A 的信息安到 B 身上。 3. 无中生有：选项内容在文中根本没有提及。 4. 正误混淆：选项与原文意思相反。 5. 过于绝对：选项中包含 “always” 、 “never” 、 “only” 等绝对化词汇，而原文并未如此绝对表述。 ) ( 词汇 / 短语 词性 释义 anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑 perfectionist n./adj. 完美主义者；完美主义的 tendency n. 倾向，趋势 cripple v. 严重削弱，使瘫痪 root n. 根源，起因 set up for 短语 使 …… 陷入（某种境地） callus n. 老茧，胼胝 accomplishment n. 成就，成就感 consume v. 吞噬，使全神贯注 forgiving adj. 宽容的，体谅的 mindset n. 心态，思维模式 flawless adj. 无瑕疵的，完美的 turning point 短语 转折点 self-imposed adj. 自我强加的，自我设定的 ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 318 无国界医生的历史与使命 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 302 一位无国界医生在也门的亲身经历 Passage 3 阅读理解 议论文 296 边界是如何被构建的，以及我们为何要打破它们 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 310 国际合作在应对全球疫情中的关键作用 Passage 5 阅读理解 记叙文 288 跨越文化边界：一位交换生的故事 Passage 6 阅读理解七选五 夹叙夹议 215 打破无形边界——偏见与刻板印象 Passage 7 阅读理解七选五 说明文 342 如何成为跨越边界的全球公民 Passage 8 完形填空 说明文 280 人道主义援助中的边界挑战 Passage 9 完形填空 记叙文 258 一个打破语言障碍的故事 Passage 10 语法填空 说明文 250 全球化时代边界的重新定义 Passage 1 Doctors Without Borders: A History of Breaking Boundaries （2024-2025学年广东广州高一下期末） In 1971, a group of French doctors and journalists founded Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), an organization with a radical mission: to provide medical care to people in crisis, regardless of their nationality, politics, or religion. The founders were frustrated with the Red Cross and other traditional humanitarian organizations, which they felt were too slow and too constrained by political considerations. MSF's first major mission came later that same year, when a cyclone struck East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The organization sent a team of doctors to provide emergency medical care. Since then, MSF has been at the forefront of almost every major humanitarian crisis—from the Ethiopian famine of the 1980s to the Rwandan genocide of 1994, from the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to the wars in Syria and Ukraine. What makes MSF unique is its commitment to what it calls "témoignage"—bearing witness. MSF does not simply provide medical care; it also speaks publicly about the suffering it witnesses, holding governments and other actors accountable for humanitarian crises. This combination of action and advocacy has earned MSF the Nobel Peace Prize and the respect of people around the world. The organization operates in over 70 countries, with more than 40,000 staff members, most of whom are local healthcare workers. MSF relies on private donations and does not accept funding from governments that might compromise its independence. MSF's work reminds us that in a world of borders, some things should remain boundary-less: our compassion, our sense of justice, and our commitment to human dignity. As one MSF doctor put it, "We cross borders not because it's easy, but because people need us on the other side." 1. Why did the founders of MSF establish the organization? A. To compete with the Red Cross. B. To provide faster and more impartial aid. C. To make a profit from medical services. D. To promote French culture abroad. 2. What does MSF's "témoignage" principle involve? A. Providing medical care in silence. B. Bearing witness and speaking out about suffering. C. Accepting funding from any government. D. Working only in French-speaking countries. 3. How does MSF maintain its independence? A. By refusing all donations. B. By relying on government funding. C. By depending on private donations. D. By operating only in wealthy countries. 4. What is the author's main message about MSF? A. It is the largest medical organization in the world. B. It shows that compassion should have no borders. C. It has failed to respond to many crises. D. It only operates in times of war. Passage 2 My Mission in Yemen （2024-2025学年湖北武汉高一下期中） I arrived in Yemen on a hot August morning, my heart pounding with a mixture of excitement and fear. I had been working with Médecins Sans Frontières for three years, but this was my first mission in a conflict zone. The airport was crowded with aid workers and journalists, all of us aware of the dangers that lay ahead. My assignment was to manage a small clinic in a rural area outside the capital, Sana'a. The clinic served a population of about 20,000 people who had been displaced by the ongoing war. Most of our patients were women and children suffering from malnutrition, respiratory infections, and injuries from the fighting. The conditions were far from ideal. We had limited supplies, intermittent electricity, and no reliable source of clean water. But the local staff—nurses, drivers, and interpreters—were extraordinary. They worked long hours, often without pay, driven by a determination to help their own people. One day, a young boy was brought in with a severe shrapnel wound to his leg. His mother, a woman in her thirties with tired eyes, held his hand as we worked. The surgery was long and difficult, but in the end, we saved his leg. When I told the mother the news, she wept. "Thank you," she said. "I had lost hope." That moment reminded me why I had joined MSF. In a world filled with borders and divisions, there is something deeply meaningful about crossing them to offer help. The boy's leg healed, and he returned to his family. I don't know what happened to him after that, but I like to think he grew up to become a doctor himself—or at least someone who believes that boundaries are made to be crossed. 1. What was the author's assignment in Yemen? A. To report on the war. B. To manage a small clinic. C. To train local doctors. D. To deliver supplies. 2. What condition did the clinic face? A. Abundant supplies and clean water. B. Limited supplies and no reliable water. C. Too many staff and not enough patients. D. Excellent electricity and modern equipment. 3. Why did the local staff work so hard? A. They were well paid. B. They wanted to help their own people. C. They were forced to work. D. They hoped to leave Yemen. 4. What lesson did the author learn from the experience? A. War is necessary sometimes. B. Medical care is too expensive. C. Boundaries are made to be crossed. D. Local people do not need help. Passage 3 Why Boundaries Are Made to Be Broken （2024-2025学年山东青岛高一下期末） Throughout human history, we have built boundaries—between nations, between races, between religions, between rich and poor. These boundaries have served various purposes: they have protected us, defined us, and given us a sense of identity. But they have also divided us, excluded us, and justified unspeakable cruelty. The question we must ask ourselves is: which boundaries are worth keeping, and which are worth breaking? Some boundaries are necessary. Laws, for example, are boundaries that protect us from harm. Moral principles are boundaries that guide our behavior. Cultural traditions are boundaries that give us a sense of belonging. These boundaries, when respected, can enrich our lives and strengthen our communities. But other boundaries serve no such purpose. Boundaries of prejudice, for example, are based on fear and ignorance. Boundaries of inequality are based on power and greed. Boundaries of hatred are based on the false belief that some lives matter more than others. These boundaries do not protect us—they diminish us. The great human achievements have often come from breaking boundaries. When scientists challenged the boundaries of knowledge, they discovered new truths. When artists broke the boundaries of convention, they created new forms of beauty. When activists crossed the boundaries of injustice, they won new freedoms. In each case, breaking the boundary was not an act of destruction, but of creation. The work of organizations like Médecins Sans Frontières reminds us that boundaries can be broken in the most literal sense. When a doctor treats a patient on the other side of a border, they are not just providing medical care—they are making a statement: that human life transcends political divisions. Ultimately, the boundaries that matter most are not the lines we draw on maps, but the lines we draw in our hearts. And these are the boundaries we have the power to redraw. 1. According to the author, what is the purpose of some boundaries? A. To create division and conflict. B. To protect, define, and give identity. C. To make communication impossible. D. To justify cruelty and exclusion. 2. Which boundaries does the author consider unnecessary? A. Laws and moral principles. B. Cultural traditions and customs. C. Boundaries of prejudice and inequality. D. Boundaries that protect communities. 3. What does the author say about breaking boundaries? A. It is always an act of destruction. B. It often leads to great achievements. C. It should be avoided at all costs. D. It only happens in science and art. 4. What is the author's final message about boundaries? A. All boundaries are harmful and should be removed. B. The most important boundaries are in our hearts. C. Only physical borders matter in the modern world. D. Boundaries cannot be changed once they are drawn. Passage 4 Global Cooperation in the Age of Pandemics （2024-2025学年湖南长沙高一下月考） The COVID-19 pandemic was a stark reminder of a simple truth: diseases do not respect borders. A virus that emerges in one part of the world can, within weeks, spread to every continent. In the face of such threats, national boundaries become not just irrelevant, but dangerous—barriers that can delay the flow of information, supplies, and expertise. Yet the pandemic also demonstrated the power of international cooperation. Scientists from around the world shared data and collaborated on vaccines at unprecedented speed. The development of multiple effective vaccines within a year was a triumph of global science. Countries shared resources, sent medical teams across borders, and coordinated their response efforts. Organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) played a crucial role in coordinating the global response. Despite its limitations and the political controversies that surrounded it, the WHO provided a platform for countries to share information and coordinate strategies. Without such international institutions, the response would have been far more chaotic and deadly. However, the pandemic also exposed the weaknesses of our global system. Wealthy countries hoarded vaccines, while poorer countries struggled to secure even small supplies. Travel bans and border closures, while sometimes necessary, also disrupted supply chains and separated families. The pandemic revealed that our world is both deeply interconnected and deeply unequal. The lesson is clear: in a globalized world, no country can solve its problems alone. Whether it's pandemics, climate change, or economic crises, the challenges we face are increasingly transnational. The boundaries we have built may provide a sense of security, but they are ultimately illusory. Our survival depends not on building higher walls, but on building stronger bridges. 1. According to the passage, how do national boundaries affect pandemic response? A. They help contain the virus. B. They can delay the flow of information and supplies. C. They make vaccines more effective. D. They are irrelevant to disease spread. 2. What achievement does the author highlight in global cooperation? A. The creation of new borders. B. The rapid development of vaccines. C. The closure of international travel. D. The hoarding of medical supplies. 3. What problem did the pandemic expose in the global system? A. Too much international cooperation. B. The equality between rich and poor countries. C. The hoarding of vaccines by wealthy countries. D. The effectiveness of border closures. 4. What is the author's conclusion about solving global problems? A. Each country should focus on its own problems. B. Building higher walls is the best solution. C. International cooperation is essential. D. National borders are the most important. Passage 5 Crossing Cultural Borders: An Exchange Student's Story （2024-2025学年福建厦门高一下期中） When I first arrived in Japan as an exchange student, I was convinced that the cultural differences would be impossible to overcome. I couldn't speak the language, I didn't understand the customs, and I felt like an outsider wherever I went. The boundary between my world and theirs seemed insurmountable. My host family was patient and kind, but I still felt a sense of distance. We communicated through gestures, broken English, and the occasional translation app. Meals were awkward, with long silences and misunderstandings. I began to wonder if I had made a terrible mistake. Everything changed one evening when my host mother, Mrs. Tanaka, invited me to help her prepare dinner. As we chopped vegetables together, she began to teach me the names of ingredients in Japanese. I repeated the words, stumbling over the unfamiliar sounds. She laughed gently and corrected my pronunciation. In that moment, the boundary between us began to dissolve. Over the following weeks, I learned more than just words. I learned about the importance of respect in Japanese culture—the careful way Mrs. Tanaka arranged food on plates, the precise way she folded her hands before eating. I learned about patience, about the value of silence, about the beauty of small gestures. By the end of my year in Japan, I had not only learned the language—I had learned to see the world through different eyes. The boundary I had once seen as insurmountable had become a bridge. I realized that cultural differences are not walls that separate us, but opportunities to learn and grow. Now, when I meet someone from a different culture, I don't see a stranger. I see a person with a story to tell—and another boundary waiting to be crossed. 1. How did the author feel when first arriving in Japan? A. Excited and confident. B. Like an outsider and doubtful. C. Immediately at home. D. Indifferent to the culture. 2. What event marked the turning point in the author's experience? A. Attending a Japanese language class. B. Helping Mrs. Tanaka prepare dinner. C. Visiting a famous temple in Tokyo. D. Making friends with other exchange students. 3. What did the author learn from the experience? A. Cultural differences are impossible to overcome. B. Learning a language is the only thing that matters. C. Cultural differences can become bridges for growth. D. Japanese culture is too difficult to understand. 4. What is the author's final attitude toward cultural boundaries? A. They should be avoided. B. They are opportunities for growth. C. They are always negative. D. They cannot be crossed. Passage 6 Breaking Invisible Boundaries （2024-2025学年广东深圳高一下期末） Boundaries come in many forms. Some are visible, like walls and borders. [1]________These invisible boundaries—prejudice, stereotypes, and fear—can be just as limiting as any physical wall. Prejudice is one of the most common invisible boundaries. It is a preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience. [2]________When we judge others based on their race, religion, or nationality, we are building walls that separate us. These walls prevent us from seeing the humanity in others. Stereotypes are another form of invisible boundary. [3]________They reduce complex individuals to simple categories. When we stereotype, we fail to see the unique person standing before us. Fear is perhaps the most powerful invisible boundary. [4]________Fear of the unknown, fear of those who are different, fear of change—all of these keep us trapped within our comfort zones. Breaking these invisible boundaries requires conscious effort. [5]________It means questioning our assumptions, challenging our prejudices, and stepping outside our comfort zones. It means recognizing that the person on the other side of the boundary is not so different from us after all. As the work of organizations like Médecins Sans Frontières shows, invisible boundaries can be broken. When a doctor treats a patient regardless of their background, they are breaking the boundary of prejudice. When a community welcomes refugees, they are breaking the boundary of fear. These acts remind us that the boundaries that divide us are not as strong as the humanity that unites us. A. It starts with awareness. B. They are oversimplified beliefs about groups of people. C. They can be built by governments or communities. D. Others are invisible, but no less real. E. It can be a barrier to progress and understanding. F. They are based on facts and evidence. G. Breaking them takes courage and determination. Passage 7 （2024-2025学年湖北武汉高一下期末） Becoming a global citizen means recognizing that we are part of something larger than our own communities. [1]________Here are some practical steps to help you become a more engaged global citizen. First, educate yourself about the world. [2]________Read international news, watch documentaries, and learn about different cultures. Understanding the challenges facing other parts of the world is the first step toward meaningful engagement. Second, question your assumptions. We all have biases and preconceptions. [3]________When you encounter a perspective different from your own, instead of dismissing it, try to understand where it comes from. Third, build connections across boundaries. [4]________This doesn't mean you have to travel the world—you can connect with people from different backgrounds in your own community. Join multicultural organizations, attend cultural events, or simply start a conversation with someone different from you. Fourth, take action. Global citizenship is not just about understanding—it's about doing. [5]________This could mean volunteering, donating to humanitarian causes, or advocating for policies that promote justice and equality. Finally, be patient with yourself. Becoming a global citizen is a journey, not a destination. It takes time to unlearn old habits and develop new ways of thinking. But every small step—every boundary crossed—brings us closer to a more connected and compassionate world. A. You don't need to travel far to cross cultural boundaries. B. This requires us to look beyond our own borders. C. Find ways to make a positive difference in the world. D. It can be uncomfortable to have your beliefs challenged. E. But recognizing them is the first step to overcoming them. F. The world is becoming increasingly disconnected. G. Learn about the history, culture, and challenges of other countries. Passage 8 （2024-2025学年山东济南高一下期末） The concept of boundaries has shaped human civilization for thousands of years. From the Great Wall of China to the Berlin Wall, from the borders between nations to the [1]________that divide communities, boundaries have both protected and [2]________us. Yet throughout history, there have always been those who refused to accept boundaries as permanent or just. The [3]________of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) in 1971 represented a radical challenge to the idea that [4]________should determine who receives medical care. The founders believed that [5]________aid should transcend political boundaries. MSF's work is guided by several core [6]________. The first is impartiality: care is provided based on need alone, without regard to nationality, race, religion, or political affiliation. The second is [7]________: MSF does not accept funding from governments that might compromise its ability to act freely. The third is témoignage: MSF speaks out about the [8]________it witnesses, holding governments accountable for humanitarian crises. These principles have guided MSF through some of the most [9]________crises of the past fifty years. MSF teams have worked in war zones, refugee camps, and areas devastated by natural disasters. They have treated patients [10]________by Ebola, cholera, and countless other diseases. They have [11]________their own lives to save others. In 1999, MSF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel committee recognized the organization's [12]________humanitarian work and its courage in speaking out against injustice. Today, MSF operates in more than 70 countries, with over 40,000 staff members, most of whom are local [13]________workers. The story of MSF reminds us that boundaries are not [14]________. They are human creations, and they can be [15]________by human action. When we cross a boundary to help someone in need, we are not just providing aid—we are making a statement about the kind of world we want to live in. 1. A. walls B. oceans C. mountains D. forests 2. A. united B. limited C. inspired D. educated 3. A. founding B. closing C. rebuilding D. destroying 4. A. geography B. wealth C. borders D. language 5. A. military B. economic C. humanitarian D. political 6. A. problems B. principles C. challenges D. questions 7. A. dependence B. independence C. obedience D. submission 8. A. suffering B. beauty C. progress D. peace 9. A. minor B. local C. devastating D. temporary 10. A. infected B. protected C. ignored D. forgotten 11. A. saved B. risked C. enjoyed D. wasted 12. A. ordinary B. secret C. pioneering D. limited 13. A. healthcare B. government C. military D. education 14. A. necessary B. permanent C. flexible D. invisible 15. A. ignored B. forgotten C. changed D. celebrated Passage 9 （2024-2025学年湖南长沙高一下期中） I was sixteen when I first encountered a boundary I didn't know how to cross. My family had just moved to a new country, and I was the only Asian student in my high school. The other students were friendly enough, but there was a [1]________between us—a distance I couldn't explain. I tried everything to [2]________in. I dressed like them, listened to their music, and adopted their slang. But the boundary remained. I was still the "foreign student," the one who ate strange food and had an [3]________accent. One day, my English teacher assigned us a project: to [4]________a presentation about our family history. I dreaded it. I knew my story would be different from everyone else's. When my turn came, I stood in front of the class, [5]________. But as I began to speak, something [6]________. I talked about my grandparents' village, the food my mother cooked, the festivals we celebrated. I shared my family's [7]________—the hardships they had faced and the dreams they had held. When I finished, there was [8]________. Then, one by one, my classmates began to applaud. After class, several students came up to me. They asked questions about my culture. They shared [9]________of their own. For the first time, I felt seen—not as a foreigner, but as a person with a story worth [10]________. That experience taught me that boundaries are not always broken by trying to be like others. Sometimes, they are broken by [11]________who you are. When we share our authentic selves, we [12]________others to do the same. And in that shared vulnerability, the boundaries between us [13]________. I still face boundaries every day. But now I know that [14]________them is not about erasing my identity—it's about [15]________it. And that is something I can do. 1. A. connection B. boundary C. friendship D. similarity 2. A. fit B. give C. take D. break 3. A. perfect B. familiar C. accent D. invisible 4. A. watch B. attend C. give D. avoid 5. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. calm 6. A. worsened B. remained C. happened D. disappeared 7. A. secrets B. recipes C. stories D. photos 8. A. laughter B. silence C. music D. shouting 9. A. stories B. meals C. clothes D. jokes 10. A. hiding B. forgetting C. hearing D. reading 11. A. hiding B. changing C. denying D. embracing 12. A. force B. invite C. require D. warn 13. A. strengthen B. disappear C. remain D. multiply 14. A. crossing B. drawing C. avoiding D. erasing 15. A. hiding B. losing C. celebrating D. questioning Passage 10 （2024-2025学年广东广州高一下期末） In today's interconnected world, the concept of boundaries is being redefined. Traditional [1]______ (geography) borders between nations are becoming less significant as technology and trade bring people closer together. However, new boundaries are emerging—digital divides, cultural misunderstandings, and economic inequalities that separate people just [2]______ effectively as any physical wall. One organization that has long understood the need to transcend boundaries is Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). [3]______ (found) in 1971 by a group of French doctors and journalists, MSF operates on the principle that every human being deserves access to medical care, [4]______ (regard) of nationality or political affiliation. This principle has guided MSF through some of the most devastating crises of the past half-century. MSF's work is based on several core [5]______ (value). The first is impartiality—care is provided based on need alone. The second is independence—MSF does not accept funding that might compromise its freedom [6]______ action. The third is témoignage, or "bearing witness"—MSF speaks out about the suffering it sees, holding governments and other [7]______ (act) accountable for humanitarian crises. In 1999, MSF [8]______ (award) the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of its pioneering humanitarian work. Today, the organization operates in more than 70 countries, with over 40,000 staff members, most of [9]______ are local healthcare workers. The COVID-19 pandemic [10]______ (highlight) both the importance of crossing boundaries and the dangers of maintaining them. The virus spread across borders [11]______ (rapid), demonstrating that diseases do not respect national boundaries. Yet the pandemic also revealed deep inequalities in global health systems, with wealthier countries [12]______ (hoard) vaccines while poorer nations struggled to protect their populations. The lesson is clear: in a [13]______ (global) world, our fates are connected. The boundaries we build may provide a false sense of security, but they cannot protect us from the challenges that [14]______ (face) us all. True security comes not from isolation, [15]______ from cooperation. As the work of MSF demonstrates, when we cross boundaries to help others, we are also helping ourselves. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 16 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Break boundaries 打破边界 单元阅读精练 In a world increasingly defined by walls, both physical and metaphorical, there exists an organization that has made it its mission to tear them down. Since its founding in 1971, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)—or Doctors Without Borders, as it is known in English—has operated on a simple but radical principle: that every human being, regardless of nationality, race, religion, or political affiliation, deserves access to medical care. This principle, born out of the conviction that humanitarian aid should transcend political boundaries, has guided MSF through some of the most devastating crises of the past half-century. The organization was established by a group of French doctors and journalists who were frustrated with the limitations of traditional humanitarian organizations. They had witnessed firsthand how political considerations often delayed or prevented aid from reaching those who needed it most. Their vision was clear: create an organization that could respond quickly and impartially to emergencies anywhere in the world, without waiting for government permission or political consensus. This was, in many ways, a revolutionary idea—one that challenged the very notion that borders should determine who lives and who dies. MSF's first major mission was in 1971, responding to a devastating cyclone that struck East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Since then, the organization has been at the forefront of virtually every major humanitarian crisis—from the famine in Ethiopia in the 1980s to the genocide in Rwanda in 1994, from the Ebola outbreaks in West Africa to the ongoing conflicts in Syria, Yemen, and Ukraine. In each of these settings, MSF teams have worked under extreme conditions, often risking their own lives to save others. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999 in recognition of its pioneering humanitarian work. What sets MSF apart is not just its willingness to go where others will not, but its commitment to speaking out. The organization practices what it calls "témoignage"—a French word meaning "bearing witness." This means that MSF does not simply provide medical care in silence; it also speaks out about the suffering it witnesses, holding governments and other actors accountable for humanitarian crises. This dual commitment—to action and to advocacy—has made MSF a powerful voice for the voiceless. The boundaries that MSF crosses are not only geographical. The organization actively works to break down barriers between different medical traditions, between local communities and international aid workers, and between emergency relief and long-term development. In recent years, MSF has also been at the forefront of challenging the boundaries that limit access to essential medicines, advocating for lower drug prices and greater investment in research for neglected diseases. Perhaps the most profound boundary that MSF challenges is the boundary between "us" and "them." In a world where nationalist rhetoric is on the rise and divisions seem to deepen by the day, MSF's work serves as a powerful reminder of our shared humanity. When a doctor from France treats a patient in South Sudan, when a nurse from Japan vaccinates a child in Yemen, when a logistician from Brazil ensures that supplies reach a clinic in Ukraine—these acts embody a vision of a world without borders, a world where human life is valued above all else. The challenges facing MSF today are greater than ever. Conflicts are more complex, humanitarian access is more restricted, and the gap between humanitarian needs and resources continues to widen. Yet the organization's commitment to breaking boundaries remains unwavering. As one MSF veteran put it: "We don't cross borders because it's easy. We cross borders because people need us on the other side." In a time of walls, MSF remains a bridge. In a time of division, it stands for unity. In a time of indifference, it insists on compassion. The boundaries we build may be many, but the humanity we share is one. 【译文欣赏】 在一个日益由有形和无形的墙所定义的世界里，有一个组织以拆除这些墙为使命。自1971年成立以来，无国界医生组织（MSF）——英文名为Doctors Without Borders——一直秉持一个简单而激进的原则：每一个人，无论国籍、种族、宗教或政治立场如何，都应当获得医疗救治。这一原则源于人道主义援助应当超越政治边界的信念，指引无国界医生走过了过去半个世纪中最具毁灭性的一些危机。 该组织由一群对传统人道主义组织的局限性感到失望的法国医生和记者创立。他们亲身见证了政治考量如何常常延误或阻止援助到达最需要的人手中。他们的愿景很明确：创建一个能够快速、公正地响应世界各地紧急情况的组织，无需等待政府许可或政治共识。这在许多方面都是一个革命性的想法——它挑战了边界应当决定谁生谁死这一观念本身。 无国界医生的第一个重大任务是1971年，响应袭击东巴基斯坦（现孟加拉国）的毁灭性气旋。此后，该组织几乎一直站在每一次重大人道主义危机的最前线——从20世纪80年代埃塞俄比亚的饥荒到1994年卢旺达的种族灭绝，从西非的埃博拉疫情到叙利亚、也门和乌克兰持续不断的冲突。在每一种环境中，无国界医生的团队都在极端条件下工作，常常冒着生命危险拯救他人。该组织于1999年获得诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰其开创性的人道主义工作。 使无国界医生与众不同的不仅是它愿意去别人不愿去的地方，还有它对发声的承诺。该组织践行所谓的“témoignage”——一个法语词，意为“见证”。这意味着无国界医生不仅仅是在沉默中提供医疗救治；它还就其所目睹的苦难发声，要求政府和其他行为者为 humanitarian crises 负责。这种对行动和倡导的双重承诺，使无国界医生成为无声者的强大声音。 无国界医生跨越的边界不仅是地理上的。该组织积极致力于打破不同医疗传统之间、当地社区与国际援助工作者之间、紧急救济与长期发展之间的障碍。近年来，无国界医生还站在挑战限制基本药物获取的边界的最前沿，倡导降低药品价格和增加对被忽视疾病研究的投入。 也许无国界医生所挑战的最深刻的边界是“我们”与“他们”之间的边界。在一个民族主义言论抬头、分歧日益加深的世界里，无国界医生的工作有力地提醒着我们共同的人性。当一位来自法国的医生在南苏丹治疗病人，当一位来自日本的护士在也门为儿童接种疫苗，当一位来自巴西的后勤人员确保物资到达乌克兰的一家诊所——这些行为体现了一个没有边界的世界的愿景，一个人类生命高于一切的世界。 如今无国界医生面临的挑战比以往任何时候都更加严峻。冲突更加复杂，人道主义准入更加受限，人道主义需求与资源之间的差距持续扩大。然而该组织打破边界的承诺始终坚定不移。正如一位无国界医生的资深成员所说：“我们跨越边界不是因为容易。我们跨越边界是因为另一边的人们需要我们。” 在一个充满墙的时代，无国界医生依然是一座桥梁。在一个分裂的时代，它代表着团结。在一个冷漠的时代，它坚持同情。我们建造的边界可能很多，但我们共享的人性只有一个。 【词汇积累】 metaphorical [ˌmetəˈfɒrɪkl] adj. 隐喻的，比喻性的 radical [ˈrædɪkl] adj. 根本的，激进的 principle [ˈprɪnsəpl] n. 原则，准则 conviction [kənˈvɪkʃn] n. 信念，确信 transcend [trænˈsend] v. 超越，超出 devastating [ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ] adj. 毁灭性的 humanitarian [hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən] adj. 人道主义的 impartial [ɪmˈpɑːʃl] adj. 公正的，不偏不倚的 consensus [kənˈsensəs] n. 共识，一致意见 revolutionary [ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri] adj. 革命性的 genocide [ˈdʒenəsaɪd] n. 种族灭绝 témoignage [teɪmwɑːˈnɑːʒ] n. （法）见证，证词 advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] v. 倡导，提倡 neglect [nɪˈɡlekt] v. 忽视，忽略 profound [prəˈfaʊnd] adj. 深刻的，深远的 rhetoric [ˈretərɪk] n. 修辞，言辞 embody [ɪmˈbɒdi] v. 体现，代表 unwavering [ʌnˈweɪvərɪŋ] adj. 坚定的，不动摇的 solidarity [ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti] n. 团结， solidarity compassion [kəmˈpæʃn] n. 同情，怜悯 【知识拓展】 一、无国界医生组织（Médecins Sans Frontières） 无国界医生组织由一群法国医生和记者于1971年创立，总部设在日内瓦。该组织是全球最大的独立人道主义医疗组织之一，每年在超过70个国家开展项目。其核心原则包括：中立、公正、独立。无国界医生不接受任何政府的直接资助，以保持其行动的自由和独立性。1999年，该组织获得诺贝尔和平奖。 二、“见证”（Témoignage）理念 “Témoignage”是无国界医生组织核心理念之一，源自法语，意为“见证”或“作证”。这一理念要求无国界医生的成员不仅要提供医疗援助，还要公开记录和讲述他们所目睹的苦难，以引起国际社会的关注并推动改变。这种将实地救助与公众倡导相结合的做法，使无国界医生区别于许多其他人道主义组织。 三、人类命运共同体 “人类命运共同体”是中国提出的重要国际关系理念，强调各国人民的前途命运紧密相连，应共同努力建设一个持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。这一理念与无国界医生“超越边界”的使命在精神上高度契合，都强调跨越国界、团结合作的重要性。 【词汇延伸】 词块搭配 tear down walls拆除墙壁（打破障碍） transcend boundaries超越边界 humanitarian aid人道主义援助 bear witness见证，作证 speak out公开发声 hold accountable追究责任 at the forefront处于最前沿 break down barriers打破障碍 on the rise在上升，在增长 serve as a reminder作为一个提醒 embody a vision体现一种愿景 remain unwavering保持坚定不移 【高考真题链接】 （2022·北京卷·阅读理解B篇） My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled my ability to do anything. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at everything I attempted, which was impossible from the start, so I was constantly setting myself up for failure. I had to do something. I was introduced to a volunteer group that worked on a community farm. Every Saturday, I would wake up early, drive an hour to the farm, and work there for six hours. I would harvest crops, remove weeds, and water plants. The work was hard and I often left with my back aching and my hands covered in calluses (老茧). But I felt a sense of accomplishment that I had never experienced before. The best part was that on the farm, there was no such thing as “perfection”. The crops didn't care whether I had carefully read every gardening book. The weeds didn't judge me for pulling them out too slowly. I learned that it was okay not to be perfect. I didn't have to be the perfect volunteer, the perfect student, or the perfect person. I just needed to be present and do my best. I continued this routine for several months, and gradually, the anxiety that had once consumed me began to fade. I became more forgiving of myself and more patient with others. I started to apply this new mindset to my studies and relationships. I realized that growth doesn't come from achieving perfection — it comes from showing up, trying, and learning from failure. Looking back, I see that joining that volunteer group was a turning point in my life. It broke the boundaries I had built around myself — the unrealistic standards, the fear of judgment, and the constant pressure to be flawless. The farm taught me that imperfection is not a weakness; it is what makes us human. 1. What was the main cause of Alice's anxiety? A. She was overloaded with schoolwork. B. She feared being judged by others. C. She demanded perfection of herself. D. She lacked experience in social activities. 2. How did Alice feel about her volunteer work on the farm? A. Bored and exhausted. B. Fulfilled and rewarded. C. Anxious and stressed. D. Disappointed and regretful. 3. What did Alice learn from her experience on the farm? A. Perfection is the key to success. B. Hard work always brings recognition. C. It is acceptable not to be perfect. D. Volunteering is the best way to relax. 4. What does the author's story mainly convey? A. Volunteering is the only way to overcome anxiety. B. Breaking self-imposed boundaries leads to personal growth. C. Perfectionism is a desirable quality for students. D. Hard physical labor cures all mental problems. 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Alice因完美主义倾向而陷入焦虑，无法正常生活。在加入社区农场志愿者团队后，她通过艰苦的体力劳动逐渐领悟到“不完美并不可怕”的道理，最终打破了自我设定的完美主义边界，实现了心灵的成长与蜕变。文章揭示了“打破自我设限方能实现个人成长”的深刻主题。 【答案与解析】 1. C 【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at everything I attempted, which was impossible from the start, so I was constantly setting myself up for failure.（我的完美主义倾向是这一切的根源：我想在尝试的每件事上都做到完美，而这从一开始就是不可能的，所以我不断让自己陷入失败。）”可知，Alice焦虑的主要原因是她对自己要求完美。选项C“She demanded perfection of herself.（她对自己要求完美）”与此完全吻合。选项A（她学业负担过重）、选项B（她害怕被别人评判）和选项D（她缺乏社交活动经验）文中均未提及。 2. B 【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第二段“But I felt a sense of accomplishment that I had never experienced before.（但我感受到了一种前所未有的成就感。）”可知，Alice在农场做志愿工作时感受到的是成就感和满足感。选项B“Fulfilled and rewarded.（充实而有收获的）”准确概括了她的感受。选项A（无聊而疲惫）——文中提到疲惫但未提无聊；选项C（焦虑而紧张）与她的实际感受相反；选项D（失望而遗憾）文中无依据。 3. C 【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第三段“I learned that it was okay not to be perfect.（我明白了不完美也是可以的。）”可知，Alice从农场经历中学到的是“不完美是可以接受的”。选项C“It is acceptable not to be perfect.（不完美是可以接受的）”与此一致。选项A（完美是成功的关键）与文章主旨相反；选项B（努力工作总能带来认可）文中未提及；选项D（志愿服务是最好的放松方式）过于绝对且非文章重点。 4. B【解析】主旨大意题。 文章最后一段点明主题：“It broke the boundaries I had built around myself — the unrealistic standards, the fear of judgment, and the constant pressure to be flawless.（它打破了我围绕自己所建立的边界——不切实际的标准、对被评判的恐惧以及不断追求完美的压力。）”Alice通过志愿服务打破了自我设限的心理边界，实现了个人成长。选项B“Breaking self-imposed boundaries leads to personal growth.（打破自我设限的边界带来个人成长）”准确概括了文章主旨。选项A（志愿服务是克服焦虑的唯一途径）过于绝对；选项C（完美主义是学生的理想品质）与文意相反；选项D（艰苦的体力劳动能治愈所有心理问题）过夸大且文中无依据。 ( 1 ． My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at everything I attempted, which was impossible from the start, so I was constantly setting myself up for failure. 抓标志： 冒号表示解释说明；关系代词 which 引导非限制性定语从句；连词 so 表示因果关系 判类型： 主句＋冒号引导的解释说明成分（内含定语从句和结果状语从句） 试翻译： 我的完美主义倾向是这一切的根源：我想在尝试的每件事上都做到完美，而这从一开始就是不可能的，所以我不断让自己陷入失败。 2 ． It broke the boundaries I had built around myself — the unrealistic standards, the fear of judgment, and the constant pressure to be flawless. 抓标志： 省略关系代词 that/which 的定语从句；破折号表示补充说明 判类型： 主句（含定语从句修饰 boundaries ）＋破折号引导的同位语补充说明 试翻译： 它打破了我围绕自己所建立的边界——不切实际的标准、对被评判的恐惧以及不断追求完美的压力。 ) ( 命题特点 细节理解题是阅读理解中 最 基础的题型，旨在考查考生对文章中具体信息的获取和辨认能力。这类题目在高 考阅读理解中占比最大，通常达到 4-6 题。细节理解 题包括 直接信息题（答案可在文中直接找到）和间接信息题（需对原文信息进行简单转换或推理）。命题常见于：（ 1 ）人物、时间、地点、事件等具体信息处；（ 2 ）因果关系处；（ 3 ）方式方法处；（ 4 ）人物感受和态度处。 命题规律 1. 因果关系处常考：文中明确说明原因或结果的句子，常成为细节题的命题点。 2. 人物感受和评价处常考：表达人物情感、态度、观点的句子，是细节题的高频考点。 3. 转折和对比处常考：包含 but, however, although 等转折词的句子，往往包含重要信息。 细节理 解题 解题 思维 1. 精准定位：根据题干中的关键词（如人名、专有名词、特定描述等）迅速回文定位，找到相关信息所在的句子或段落。 2. 比对选项：将选项与原文信息进行逐一比对，注意选项是否对原文进行了同义替换、词性转换或语态变换。 3. 排除干扰：排除与原文信息不符、无中生有、张冠李戴或过于绝对的选项。 4. 注意顺序：高考阅读理解的题目顺序通常与文章行文顺序一致，可利用这一规律辅助定位。 细节理解题 干扰项特征 1. 偷换概念：选项中的关键词与原文相似但实质不同。 2. 张冠李戴：将文中 A 的信息安到 B 身上。 3. 无中生有：选项内容在文中根本没有提及。 4. 正误混淆：选项与原文意思相反。 5. 过于绝对：选项中包含 “always” 、 “never” 、 “only” 等绝对化词汇，而原文并未如此绝对表述。 ) ( 词汇 / 短语 词性 释义 anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑 perfectionist n./adj. 完美主义者；完美主义的 tendency n. 倾向，趋势 cripple v. 严重削弱，使瘫痪 root n. 根源，起因 set up for 短语 使 …… 陷入（某种境地） callus n. 老茧，胼胝 accomplishment n. 成就，成就感 consume v. 吞噬，使全神贯注 forgiving adj. 宽容的，体谅的 mindset n. 心态，思维模式 flawless adj. 无瑕疵的，完美的 turning point 短语 转折点 self-imposed adj. 自我强加的，自我设定的 ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 318 无国界医生的历史与使命 Passage 2 阅读理解 记叙文 302 一位无国界医生在也门的亲身经历 Passage 3 阅读理解 议论文 296 边界是如何被构建的，以及我们为何要打破它们 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 310 国际合作在应对全球疫情中的关键作用 Passage 5 阅读理解 记叙文 288 跨越文化边界：一位交换生的故事 Passage 6 阅读理解七选五 夹叙夹议 215 打破无形边界——偏见与刻板印象 Passage 7 阅读理解七选五 说明文 342 如何成为跨越边界的全球公民 Passage 8 完形填空 说明文 280 人道主义援助中的边界挑战 Passage 9 完形填空 记叙文 258 一个打破语言障碍的故事 Passage 10 语法填空 说明文 250 全球化时代边界的重新定义 Passage 1 Doctors Without Borders: A History of Breaking Boundaries （2024-2025学年广东广州高一下期末） In 1971, a group of French doctors and journalists founded Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), an organization with a radical mission: to provide medical care to people in crisis, regardless of their nationality, politics, or religion. The founders were frustrated with the Red Cross and other traditional humanitarian organizations, which they felt were too slow and too constrained by political considerations. MSF's first major mission came later that same year, when a cyclone struck East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The organization sent a team of doctors to provide emergency medical care. Since then, MSF has been at the forefront of almost every major humanitarian crisis—from the Ethiopian famine of the 1980s to the Rwandan genocide of 1994, from the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to the wars in Syria and Ukraine. What makes MSF unique is its commitment to what it calls "témoignage"—bearing witness. MSF does not simply provide medical care; it also speaks publicly about the suffering it witnesses, holding governments and other actors accountable for humanitarian crises. This combination of action and advocacy has earned MSF the Nobel Peace Prize and the respect of people around the world. The organization operates in over 70 countries, with more than 40,000 staff members, most of whom are local healthcare workers. MSF relies on private donations and does not accept funding from governments that might compromise its independence. MSF's work reminds us that in a world of borders, some things should remain boundary-less: our compassion, our sense of justice, and our commitment to human dignity. As one MSF doctor put it, "We cross borders not because it's easy, but because people need us on the other side." 1. Why did the founders of MSF establish the organization? A. To compete with the Red Cross. B. To provide faster and more impartial aid. C. To make a profit from medical services. D. To promote French culture abroad. 2. What does MSF's "témoignage" principle involve? A. Providing medical care in silence. B. Bearing witness and speaking out about suffering. C. Accepting funding from any government. D. Working only in French-speaking countries. 3. How does MSF maintain its independence? A. By refusing all donations. B. By relying on government funding. C. By depending on private donations. D. By operating only in wealthy countries. 4. What is the author's main message about MSF? A. It is the largest medical organization in the world. B. It shows that compassion should have no borders. C. It has failed to respond to many crises. D. It only operates in times of war. 【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段，创始人"were frustrated with...traditional humanitarian organizations, which they felt were too slow and too constrained by political considerations"，他们希望提供更快、更公正的援助。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段，témoignage意为"bearing witness"，MSF不仅提供医疗救治，还公开讲述其所目睹的苦难。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段"MSF relies on private donations and does not accept funding from governments"可知，MSF依靠私人捐赠来维持独立性。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段，作者强调"compassion should have no borders"（同情心不应有边界），这与MSF的使命一致。故选B。 Passage 2 My Mission in Yemen （2024-2025学年湖北武汉高一下期中） I arrived in Yemen on a hot August morning, my heart pounding with a mixture of excitement and fear. I had been working with Médecins Sans Frontières for three years, but this was my first mission in a conflict zone. The airport was crowded with aid workers and journalists, all of us aware of the dangers that lay ahead. My assignment was to manage a small clinic in a rural area outside the capital, Sana'a. The clinic served a population of about 20,000 people who had been displaced by the ongoing war. Most of our patients were women and children suffering from malnutrition, respiratory infections, and injuries from the fighting. The conditions were far from ideal. We had limited supplies, intermittent electricity, and no reliable source of clean water. But the local staff—nurses, drivers, and interpreters—were extraordinary. They worked long hours, often without pay, driven by a determination to help their own people. One day, a young boy was brought in with a severe shrapnel wound to his leg. His mother, a woman in her thirties with tired eyes, held his hand as we worked. The surgery was long and difficult, but in the end, we saved his leg. When I told the mother the news, she wept. "Thank you," she said. "I had lost hope." That moment reminded me why I had joined MSF. In a world filled with borders and divisions, there is something deeply meaningful about crossing them to offer help. The boy's leg healed, and he returned to his family. I don't know what happened to him after that, but I like to think he grew up to become a doctor himself—or at least someone who believes that boundaries are made to be crossed. 1. What was the author's assignment in Yemen? A. To report on the war. B. To manage a small clinic. C. To train local doctors. D. To deliver supplies. 2. What condition did the clinic face? A. Abundant supplies and clean water. B. Limited supplies and no reliable water. C. Too many staff and not enough patients. D. Excellent electricity and modern equipment. 3. Why did the local staff work so hard? A. They were well paid. B. They wanted to help their own people. C. They were forced to work. D. They hoped to leave Yemen. 4. What lesson did the author learn from the experience? A. War is necessary sometimes. B. Medical care is too expensive. C. Boundaries are made to be crossed. D. Local people do not need help. 【答案】1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段"My assignment was to manage a small clinic"可知，作者的职责是管理一个小诊所。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段"We had limited supplies, intermittent electricity, and no reliable source of clean water"可知，诊所物资有限且没有可靠的水源。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段"driven by a determination to help their own people"可知，当地工作人员努力工作是出于帮助自己同胞的决心。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"boundaries are made to be crossed"可知，作者认识到边界就是用来跨越的。故选C。 Passage 3 Why Boundaries Are Made to Be Broken （2024-2025学年山东青岛高一下期末） Throughout human history, we have built boundaries—between nations, between races, between religions, between rich and poor. These boundaries have served various purposes: they have protected us, defined us, and given us a sense of identity. But they have also divided us, excluded us, and justified unspeakable cruelty. The question we must ask ourselves is: which boundaries are worth keeping, and which are worth breaking? Some boundaries are necessary. Laws, for example, are boundaries that protect us from harm. Moral principles are boundaries that guide our behavior. Cultural traditions are boundaries that give us a sense of belonging. These boundaries, when respected, can enrich our lives and strengthen our communities. But other boundaries serve no such purpose. Boundaries of prejudice, for example, are based on fear and ignorance. Boundaries of inequality are based on power and greed. Boundaries of hatred are based on the false belief that some lives matter more than others. These boundaries do not protect us—they diminish us. The great human achievements have often come from breaking boundaries. When scientists challenged the boundaries of knowledge, they discovered new truths. When artists broke the boundaries of convention, they created new forms of beauty. When activists crossed the boundaries of injustice, they won new freedoms. In each case, breaking the boundary was not an act of destruction, but of creation. The work of organizations like Médecins Sans Frontières reminds us that boundaries can be broken in the most literal sense. When a doctor treats a patient on the other side of a border, they are not just providing medical care—they are making a statement: that human life transcends political divisions. Ultimately, the boundaries that matter most are not the lines we draw on maps, but the lines we draw in our hearts. And these are the boundaries we have the power to redraw. 1. According to the author, what is the purpose of some boundaries? A. To create division and conflict. B. To protect, define, and give identity. C. To make communication impossible. D. To justify cruelty and exclusion. 2. Which boundaries does the author consider unnecessary? A. Laws and moral principles. B. Cultural traditions and customs. C. Boundaries of prejudice and inequality. D. Boundaries that protect communities. 3. What does the author say about breaking boundaries? A. It is always an act of destruction. B. It often leads to great achievements. C. It should be avoided at all costs. D. It only happens in science and art. 4. What is the author's final message about boundaries? A. All boundaries are harmful and should be removed. B. The most important boundaries are in our hearts. C. Only physical borders matter in the modern world. D. Boundaries cannot be changed once they are drawn. 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段"they have protected us, defined us, and given us a sense of identity"可知，边界的目的是保护、定义并给予我们身份认同。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段"boundaries of prejudice...inequality...hatred...do not protect us—they diminish us"可知，作者认为偏见、不平等和仇恨的边界是不必要的。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段"great human achievements have often come from breaking boundaries"可知，打破边界常常带来伟大成就。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"the boundaries that matter most are not the lines we draw on maps, but the lines we draw in our hearts"可知，作者认为最重要的边界是在我们心中。故选B。 Passage 4 Global Cooperation in the Age of Pandemics （2024-2025学年湖南长沙高一下月考） The COVID-19 pandemic was a stark reminder of a simple truth: diseases do not respect borders. A virus that emerges in one part of the world can, within weeks, spread to every continent. In the face of such threats, national boundaries become not just irrelevant, but dangerous—barriers that can delay the flow of information, supplies, and expertise. Yet the pandemic also demonstrated the power of international cooperation. Scientists from around the world shared data and collaborated on vaccines at unprecedented speed. The development of multiple effective vaccines within a year was a triumph of global science. Countries shared resources, sent medical teams across borders, and coordinated their response efforts. Organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) played a crucial role in coordinating the global response. Despite its limitations and the political controversies that surrounded it, the WHO provided a platform for countries to share information and coordinate strategies. Without such international institutions, the response would have been far more chaotic and deadly. However, the pandemic also exposed the weaknesses of our global system. Wealthy countries hoarded vaccines, while poorer countries struggled to secure even small supplies. Travel bans and border closures, while sometimes necessary, also disrupted supply chains and separated families. The pandemic revealed that our world is both deeply interconnected and deeply unequal. The lesson is clear: in a globalized world, no country can solve its problems alone. Whether it's pandemics, climate change, or economic crises, the challenges we face are increasingly transnational. The boundaries we have built may provide a sense of security, but they are ultimately illusory. Our survival depends not on building higher walls, but on building stronger bridges. 1. According to the passage, how do national boundaries affect pandemic response? A. They help contain the virus. B. They can delay the flow of information and supplies. C. They make vaccines more effective. D. They are irrelevant to disease spread. 2. What achievement does the author highlight in global cooperation? A. The creation of new borders. B. The rapid development of vaccines. C. The closure of international travel. D. The hoarding of medical supplies. 3. What problem did the pandemic expose in the global system? A. Too much international cooperation. B. The equality between rich and poor countries. C. The hoarding of vaccines by wealthy countries. D. The effectiveness of border closures. 4. What is the author's conclusion about solving global problems? A. Each country should focus on its own problems. B. Building higher walls is the best solution. C. International cooperation is essential. D. National borders are the most important. 【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段"national boundaries become not just irrelevant, but dangerous—barriers that can delay the flow of information, supplies, and expertise"可知，国界会延误信息和物资的流通。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段"development of multiple effective vaccines within a year was a triumph of global science"可知，作者强调了疫苗的快速研发这一成就。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段"Wealthy countries hoarded vaccines, while poorer countries struggled to secure even small supplies"可知，疫情暴露了富裕国家囤积疫苗的问题。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"our survival depends not on building higher walls, but on building stronger bridges"可知，作者认为解决全球问题需要国际合作。故选C。 Passage 5 Crossing Cultural Borders: An Exchange Student's Story （2024-2025学年福建厦门高一下期中） When I first arrived in Japan as an exchange student, I was convinced that the cultural differences would be impossible to overcome. I couldn't speak the language, I didn't understand the customs, and I felt like an outsider wherever I went. The boundary between my world and theirs seemed insurmountable. My host family was patient and kind, but I still felt a sense of distance. We communicated through gestures, broken English, and the occasional translation app. Meals were awkward, with long silences and misunderstandings. I began to wonder if I had made a terrible mistake. Everything changed one evening when my host mother, Mrs. Tanaka, invited me to help her prepare dinner. As we chopped vegetables together, she began to teach me the names of ingredients in Japanese. I repeated the words, stumbling over the unfamiliar sounds. She laughed gently and corrected my pronunciation. In that moment, the boundary between us began to dissolve. Over the following weeks, I learned more than just words. I learned about the importance of respect in Japanese culture—the careful way Mrs. Tanaka arranged food on plates, the precise way she folded her hands before eating. I learned about patience, about the value of silence, about the beauty of small gestures. By the end of my year in Japan, I had not only learned the language—I had learned to see the world through different eyes. The boundary I had once seen as insurmountable had become a bridge. I realized that cultural differences are not walls that separate us, but opportunities to learn and grow. Now, when I meet someone from a different culture, I don't see a stranger. I see a person with a story to tell—and another boundary waiting to be crossed. 1. How did the author feel when first arriving in Japan? A. Excited and confident. B. Like an outsider and doubtful. C. Immediately at home. D. Indifferent to the culture. 2. What event marked the turning point in the author's experience? A. Attending a Japanese language class. B. Helping Mrs. Tanaka prepare dinner. C. Visiting a famous temple in Tokyo. D. Making friends with other exchange students. 3. What did the author learn from the experience? A. Cultural differences are impossible to overcome. B. Learning a language is the only thing that matters. C. Cultural differences can become bridges for growth. D. Japanese culture is too difficult to understand. 4. What is the author's final attitude toward cultural boundaries? A. They should be avoided. B. They are opportunities for growth. C. They are always negative. D. They cannot be crossed. 【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段"I felt like an outsider wherever I went"和"began to wonder if I had made a terrible mistake"可知，作者感到自己是局外人并充满怀疑。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段"Everything changed one evening when my host mother...invited me to help her prepare dinner"可知，帮助寄宿母亲准备晚餐是转折点。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段"cultural differences are not walls that separate us, but opportunities to learn and grow"可知，作者认识到文化差异可以成为成长的桥梁。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"I don't see a stranger. I see a person with a story to tell—and another boundary waiting to be crossed"可知，作者认为文化边界是成长的机会。故选B。 Passage 6 Breaking Invisible Boundaries （2024-2025学年广东深圳高一下期末） Boundaries come in many forms. Some are visible, like walls and borders. [1]________These invisible boundaries—prejudice, stereotypes, and fear—can be just as limiting as any physical wall. Prejudice is one of the most common invisible boundaries. It is a preconceived opinion not based on reason or actual experience. [2]________When we judge others based on their race, religion, or nationality, we are building walls that separate us. These walls prevent us from seeing the humanity in others. Stereotypes are another form of invisible boundary. [3]________They reduce complex individuals to simple categories. When we stereotype, we fail to see the unique person standing before us. Fear is perhaps the most powerful invisible boundary. [4]________Fear of the unknown, fear of those who are different, fear of change—all of these keep us trapped within our comfort zones. Breaking these invisible boundaries requires conscious effort. [5]________It means questioning our assumptions, challenging our prejudices, and stepping outside our comfort zones. It means recognizing that the person on the other side of the boundary is not so different from us after all. As the work of organizations like Médecins Sans Frontières shows, invisible boundaries can be broken. When a doctor treats a patient regardless of their background, they are breaking the boundary of prejudice. When a community welcomes refugees, they are breaking the boundary of fear. These acts remind us that the boundaries that divide us are not as strong as the humanity that unites us. A. It starts with awareness. B. They are oversimplified beliefs about groups of people. C. They can be built by governments or communities. D. Others are invisible, but no less real. E. It can be a barrier to progress and understanding. F. They are based on facts and evidence. G. Breaking them takes courage and determination. 【答案】1.D 2.A 3.B 4.E 5.G 【解析】1. 前文"Some are visible, like walls and borders"提到可见的边界，D项"Others are invisible, but no less real"承接上文，引出下文讨论无形的边界。故选D。 2. 前文提到偏见是一种预判，后文说明偏见的危害，A项"It starts with awareness"作为段落过渡，指出打破偏见需要从意识开始。故选A。 3. 前文提到刻板印象是另一种无形边界，B项"They are oversimplified beliefs about groups of people"具体解释了刻板印象的定义。故选B。 4. 前文提到恐惧是最强大的无形边界，E项"It can be a barrier to progress and understanding"说明恐惧的负面影响，符合语境。故选E。 5. 前文提到打破无形边界需要有意识的努力，G项"Breaking them takes courage and determination"进一步说明打破边界需要勇气和决心。故选G。 Passage 7 （2024-2025学年湖北武汉高一下期末） Becoming a global citizen means recognizing that we are part of something larger than our own communities. [1]________Here are some practical steps to help you become a more engaged global citizen. First, educate yourself about the world. [2]________Read international news, watch documentaries, and learn about different cultures. Understanding the challenges facing other parts of the world is the first step toward meaningful engagement. Second, question your assumptions. We all have biases and preconceptions. [3]________When you encounter a perspective different from your own, instead of dismissing it, try to understand where it comes from. Third, build connections across boundaries. [4]________This doesn't mean you have to travel the world—you can connect with people from different backgrounds in your own community. Join multicultural organizations, attend cultural events, or simply start a conversation with someone different from you. Fourth, take action. Global citizenship is not just about understanding—it's about doing. [5]________This could mean volunteering, donating to humanitarian causes, or advocating for policies that promote justice and equality. Finally, be patient with yourself. Becoming a global citizen is a journey, not a destination. It takes time to unlearn old habits and develop new ways of thinking. But every small step—every boundary crossed—brings us closer to a more connected and compassionate world. A. You don't need to travel far to cross cultural boundaries. B. This requires us to look beyond our own borders. C. Find ways to make a positive difference in the world. D. It can be uncomfortable to have your beliefs challenged. E. But recognizing them is the first step to overcoming them. F. The world is becoming increasingly disconnected. G. Learn about the history, culture, and challenges of other countries. 【答案】1.B 2.G 3.E 4.A 5.C 【解析】1. 前文提到全球公民意味着认识到自己是更大整体的一部分，B项"This requires us to look beyond our own borders"承接上文，指出这需要我们超越自己的边界。故选B。 2. 小标题"educate yourself about the world"要求了解世界，G项"Learn about the history, culture, and challenges of other countries"具体说明了如何了解世界。故选G。 3. 前文提到我们都有偏见和预判，E项"But recognizing them is the first step to overcoming them"说明承认偏见是克服它们的第一步。故选E。 4. 小标题"build connections across boundaries"要求建立跨越边界的联系，A项"You don't need to travel far to cross cultural boundaries"说明在本地也可以跨越文化边界。故选A。 5. 前文"it's about doing"强调行动，C项"Find ways to make a positive difference in the world"具体说明如何采取行动。故选C。 Passage 8 （2024-2025学年山东济南高一下期末） The concept of boundaries has shaped human civilization for thousands of years. From the Great Wall of China to the Berlin Wall, from the borders between nations to the [1]________that divide communities, boundaries have both protected and [2]________us. Yet throughout history, there have always been those who refused to accept boundaries as permanent or just. The [3]________of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) in 1971 represented a radical challenge to the idea that [4]________should determine who receives medical care. The founders believed that [5]________aid should transcend political boundaries. MSF's work is guided by several core [6]________. The first is impartiality: care is provided based on need alone, without regard to nationality, race, religion, or political affiliation. The second is [7]________: MSF does not accept funding from governments that might compromise its ability to act freely. The third is témoignage: MSF speaks out about the [8]________it witnesses, holding governments accountable for humanitarian crises. These principles have guided MSF through some of the most [9]________crises of the past fifty years. MSF teams have worked in war zones, refugee camps, and areas devastated by natural disasters. They have treated patients [10]________by Ebola, cholera, and countless other diseases. They have [11]________their own lives to save others. In 1999, MSF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel committee recognized the organization's [12]________humanitarian work and its courage in speaking out against injustice. Today, MSF operates in more than 70 countries, with over 40,000 staff members, most of whom are local [13]________workers. The story of MSF reminds us that boundaries are not [14]________. They are human creations, and they can be [15]________by human action. When we cross a boundary to help someone in need, we are not just providing aid—we are making a statement about the kind of world we want to live in. 1. A. walls B. oceans C. mountains D. forests 2. A. united B. limited C. inspired D. educated 3. A. founding B. closing C. rebuilding D. destroying 4. A. geography B. wealth C. borders D. language 5. A. military B. economic C. humanitarian D. political 6. A. problems B. principles C. challenges D. questions 7. A. dependence B. independence C. obedience D. submission 8. A. suffering B. beauty C. progress D. peace 9. A. minor B. local C. devastating D. temporary 10. A. infected B. protected C. ignored D. forgotten 11. A. saved B. risked C. enjoyed D. wasted 12. A. ordinary B. secret C. pioneering D. limited 13. A. healthcare B. government C. military D. education 14. A. necessary B. permanent C. flexible D. invisible 15. A. ignored B. forgotten C. changed D. celebrated 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C 【解析】1. 考查名词。根据上下文，边界包括国家间的边界和社区间的隔阂，walls（墙）最符合语境。故选A。 2. 考查动词。边界既保护了我们，也限制了我们。limited意为"限制"。故选B。 3. 考查名词。MSF的"创立"代表了对边界的挑战。founding意为"创立"。故选A。 4. 考查名词。MSF挑战的是"边界"决定谁获得医疗服务的观念。borders意为"边界"。故选C。 5. 考查形容词。"人道主义"援助应超越政治边界。humanitarian意为"人道主义的"。故选C。 6. 考查名词。MSF的工作以几个核心"原则"为指导。principles意为"原则"。故选B。 7. 考查名词。第二个原则是"独立性"。independence意为"独立"。故选B。 8. 考查名词。MSF公开讲述其所目睹的"苦难"。suffering意为"苦难"。故选A。 9. 考查形容词。MSF经历了过去五十年中最"毁灭性的"危机。devastating意为"毁灭性的"。故选C。 10. 考查动词。MSF治疗了被埃博拉等疾病"感染"的患者。infected意为"感染的"。故选A。 11. 考查动词。MSF成员"冒着"生命危险去拯救他人。risked意为"冒险"。故选B。 12. 考查形容词。诺贝尔委员会认可了MSF"开创性的"人道主义工作。pioneering意为"开创性的"。故选C。 13. 考查名词。MSF大部分员工是当地的"医疗保健"工作者。healthcare意为"医疗保健"。故选A。 14. 考查形容词。边界不是"永久的"。permanent意为"永久的"。故选B。 15. 考查动词。边界可以通过人类行动"改变"。changed意为"改变"。故选C。 Passage 9 （2024-2025学年湖南长沙高一下期中） I was sixteen when I first encountered a boundary I didn't know how to cross. My family had just moved to a new country, and I was the only Asian student in my high school. The other students were friendly enough, but there was a [1]________between us—a distance I couldn't explain. I tried everything to [2]________in. I dressed like them, listened to their music, and adopted their slang. But the boundary remained. I was still the "foreign student," the one who ate strange food and had an [3]________accent. One day, my English teacher assigned us a project: to [4]________a presentation about our family history. I dreaded it. I knew my story would be different from everyone else's. When my turn came, I stood in front of the class, [5]________. But as I began to speak, something [6]________. I talked about my grandparents' village, the food my mother cooked, the festivals we celebrated. I shared my family's [7]________—the hardships they had faced and the dreams they had held. When I finished, there was [8]________. Then, one by one, my classmates began to applaud. After class, several students came up to me. They asked questions about my culture. They shared [9]________of their own. For the first time, I felt seen—not as a foreigner, but as a person with a story worth [10]________. That experience taught me that boundaries are not always broken by trying to be like others. Sometimes, they are broken by [11]________who you are. When we share our authentic selves, we [12]________others to do the same. And in that shared vulnerability, the boundaries between us [13]________. I still face boundaries every day. But now I know that [14]________them is not about erasing my identity—it's about [15]________it. And that is something I can do. 1. A. connection B. boundary C. friendship D. similarity 2. A. fit B. give C. take D. break 3. A. perfect B. familiar C. accent D. invisible 4. A. watch B. attend C. give D. avoid 5. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. calm 6. A. worsened B. remained C. happened D. disappeared 7. A. secrets B. recipes C. stories D. photos 8. A. laughter B. silence C. music D. shouting 9. A. stories B. meals C. clothes D. jokes 10. A. hiding B. forgetting C. hearing D. reading 11. A. hiding B. changing C. denying D. embracing 12. A. force B. invite C. require D. warn 13. A. strengthen B. disappear C. remain D. multiply 14. A. crossing B. drawing C. avoiding D. erasing 15. A. hiding B. losing C. celebrating D. questioning 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C 【解析】1. 考查名词。根据下文"a distance I couldn't explain"可知，作者感到了一种"边界"。boundary意为"边界"。故选B。 2. 考查动词。作者试图"融入"（fit in）。fit in为固定搭配。故选A。 3. 考查名词。作者有"口音"（accent）。accent意为"口音"。故选C。 4. 考查动词。老师布置的任务是"做"（give）一个展示。give a presentation为固定搭配。故选C。 5. 考查形容词。作者站在全班面前感到"紧张"（nervous）。nervous意为"紧张的"。故选B。 6. 考查动词。当作者开始说话时，一些事情"发生了"（happened）。happened意为"发生了"。故选C。 7. 考查名词。作者分享了家人的"故事"（stories）。stories意为"故事"。故选C。 8. 考查名词。作者讲完后，教室里一片"寂静"（silence）。silence意为"寂静"。故选B。 9. 考查名词。同学们分享了他们自己的"故事"（stories）。stories意为"故事"。故选A。 10. 考查动词。作者感到自己是一个有故事值得被"倾听"（hearing）的人。hearing意为"倾听"。故选C。 11. 考查动词。边界有时是通过"拥抱"（embracing）真实的自己来打破的。embracing意为"拥抱，接受"。故选D。 12. 考查动词。当我们分享真实的自我时，我们"邀请"（invite）他人也这样做。invite意为"邀请"。故选B。 13. 考查动词。在这种共同的脆弱中，边界"消失"了（disappear）。disappear意为"消失"。故选B。 14. 考查动词。"跨越"（crossing）边界不是抹去身份。crossing意为"跨越"。故选A。 15. 考查动词。而是"庆祝"（celebrating）它。celebrating意为"庆祝"。故选C。 Passage 10 （2024-2025学年广东广州高一下期末） In today's interconnected world, the concept of boundaries is being redefined. Traditional [1]______ (geography) borders between nations are becoming less significant as technology and trade bring people closer together. However, new boundaries are emerging—digital divides, cultural misunderstandings, and economic inequalities that separate people just [2]______ effectively as any physical wall. One organization that has long understood the need to transcend boundaries is Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). [3]______ (found) in 1971 by a group of French doctors and journalists, MSF operates on the principle that every human being deserves access to medical care, [4]______ (regard) of nationality or political affiliation. This principle has guided MSF through some of the most devastating crises of the past half-century. MSF's work is based on several core [5]______ (value). The first is impartiality—care is provided based on need alone. The second is independence—MSF does not accept funding that might compromise its freedom [6]______ action. The third is témoignage, or "bearing witness"—MSF speaks out about the suffering it sees, holding governments and other [7]______ (act) accountable for humanitarian crises. In 1999, MSF [8]______ (award) the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of its pioneering humanitarian work. Today, the organization operates in more than 70 countries, with over 40,000 staff members, most of [9]______ are local healthcare workers. The COVID-19 pandemic [10]______ (highlight) both the importance of crossing boundaries and the dangers of maintaining them. The virus spread across borders [11]______ (rapid), demonstrating that diseases do not respect national boundaries. Yet the pandemic also revealed deep inequalities in global health systems, with wealthier countries [12]______ (hoard) vaccines while poorer nations struggled to protect their populations. The lesson is clear: in a [13]______ (global) world, our fates are connected. The boundaries we build may provide a false sense of security, but they cannot protect us from the challenges that [14]______ (face) us all. True security comes not from isolation, [15]______ from cooperation. As the work of MSF demonstrates, when we cross boundaries to help others, we are also helping ourselves. 【答案】1. geographical 2. as 3. Founded 4. regardless 5. values 6. of 7. actors 8. was awarded 9. whom 10. highlighted 11. rapidly 12. hoarding 13. globalized 14. face 15. but 【解析】1. 考查形容词。修饰名词borders，用形容词geographical（地理的）。故填geographical。 2. 考查固定搭配。as...as为固定结构，表示"和……一样"。故填as。 3. 考查非谓语动词。MSF与found之间为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填Founded。 4. 考查固定搭配。regardless of为固定短语，意为"不管，不顾"。故填regardless。 5. 考查名词复数。value为可数名词，被several修饰，用复数形式。故填values。 6. 考查介词。freedom of action为固定搭配，意为"行动自由"。故填of。 7. 考查名词复数。actors意为"行为者"，此处指政府和其他行为者。故填actors。 8. 考查动词时态和语态。MSF与award之间为被动关系，描述过去事件，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。 9. 考查定语从句。先行词为staff members，在非限制性定语从句中作of的宾语，用whom。故填whom。 10. 考查动词时态。描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时。故填highlighted。 11. 考查副词。修饰动词spread，用副词rapidly。故填rapidly。 12. 考查非谓语动词。with + 宾语 + 宾补结构，countries与hoard之间为主动关系，用现在分词。故填hoarding。 13. 考查形容词。修饰名词world，用形容词globalized（全球化的）。故填globalized。 14. 考查动词时态。描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数，用face。故填face。 15. 考查连词。not...but...为固定结构，表示"不是……而是……"。故填but。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $