Unit 2 Looking into the Future（知识清单）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“Looking into the Future”单元核心内容，涵盖词汇（阅读词汇、写作词汇、词汇变形、熟词生义）、语法（将来进行时）、写作（议论文框架与句型）及易错点辨析等知识范畴，搭建从基础词汇积累到语法运用再到语篇输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理与关联设计构建完整知识体系，如词汇变形部分以“词根-词性-用法”串联（如persuade→persuasion→persuasive），培养语言能力；写作模块提供“现象分析-利弊评述-观点升华”三段式模板，融入非限制性定语从句等高级句式，提升思维品质。特别设置“易错点对比表”（如rather than/more than/other than用法辨析）和“语法用法对比”（将来进行时与一般将来时区别），助力精准掌握，不同基础学生可高效学习，教师也能据此优化教学环节，增强课堂实效。

Unit 2 Looking into the Future 词汇 一、阅读词汇 单词 1. phrase n.短语；词组 2. secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 & vt.获得；栓牢；保护 3. knob n.旋钮；球形把手 4. appliance n. 电器；器具 5. automatic adj. 自动的 6. integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 7. sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 8. mode n. 模式；方式；风格 9. routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 10. warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 11. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 12. cancer /n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 13. potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 14. leak vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 15. electrical adj. 电的；用电的 16. wiring n. 电线线路；线路系统 17. detect vt. 发现；查明 18. relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 19. fantasy n. 幻想；想象 20. innovation n. 创新；创造 21. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 22. structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 23. security n. 保护措施；安全工作 24. crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 25. nanobot n. 纳米机器人 26. clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物（或植物） 27. predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 28. forecast vt.&n. 预测；预报 29. occupation n. 职业；占领 30. cease vi.&vt. (使) 停止；终止 31. emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性 32. luxury n. 奢华 33. career n. 职业；事业 34. prospect n. 可能性；前景 35. resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 36. signpost n. 路标 37. essay n. 文章 38. accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 短语 1. remote control 遥控器；遥控 2. air conditioner 空调机；空调设备 3. daily routine 日常生活 4. early on 在初期；早先 5. catch fire 着火 6. artificial intelligence 人工智能 7. all the time 一直；始终 二、写作词汇： 1. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi.&vt.(使) 改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 2.distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 3.efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的 4.preference n. 爱好；偏爱 5.instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 6.command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 7.obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守 8.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 9.critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 10.potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性 11.available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 12.combine vt.&vi. (使) 结合；混合 13.absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 14.rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 15.advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 16.persuade vt. 劝说；说服 短语 1. switch off/on 关 / 开（电灯、机器等） 2. in this sense 从这种意义上来讲 3. keep in touch (with ...) （与……）保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况） 4. be programmed to do 被设定程序去做…… 5. keep track of 掌握…… 的最新情况；记录 6. prevent ... from 阻止…… 做某事 7. provide ... with 为…… 提供…… 8. in the absence of 缺乏；在没有…… 的情况下 9. rather than 而不是 10. on one hand ... on the other hand 一方面…… 另一方面…… 11. in place of 代替；取代 12. place emphasis on 重视；强调 13. in my opinion 在我看来 14. be meant to do 旨在；意在；应该做 15. the instant 一…… 就…… 16. in addition 此外；另外 17. allow sb to do 允许某人做某事 18. benefit from 从…… 中获益 19. kind of 有点儿；稍微 20. all in all 总而言之 21. take turns doing 轮流做某事 三、词汇变形： 1.persuade v. 劝说；说服 → persuasion n. 劝说；说服力 → persuasive adj. 有说服力的 2.distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 → distance n. 距离；间距；疏远 3.secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护 → security n. 安全；安保措施 → securely adv. 牢固地；安心地 4.automatic adj. 自动的 → automatically adv. 自动地 → automation n. 自动化 5.integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 → integrate vi.&vt.(使) 合并；成为一体 → integration n. 融合；一体化 6.sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 → sense n. 感官；感觉 v. 感知，察觉到 → sensitive adj. 敏感的 7.efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的 → efficiency n. 效率；效能 → efficiently adv. 高效地 8.preference n. 爱好；偏爱 → prefer v. 更喜欢；偏好 9.instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 → instantly adv. 立刻，马上& conj.一......就...... 10.command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 → commander n. 指挥官；负责人 11.obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守 → obedient adj. 顺从的，听话的 → obedience n. 服从，顺从 12.warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 → warn v. 警告，警示 13.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 → constantly adv. 不断地；时常 → constancy n. 恒定；忠贞不渝 14.abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 → normal adj. 正常的 → normally adv. 正常地 → abnormally adv. 反常地 15.critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 → critically adv. 严重地；批判性地 → critic n. 批评者；评论家 → criticism n. 批评；评论 16.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 → potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 n. 潜力；可能性 17.electrical adj. 电的；用电的 → electric adj. 电动的；发电的 → electricity n. 电；电能 18.wire n. 电线；金属丝 vt. 接通电源；将…… 连接到 → wiring n. 线路系统 → wired adj. 有线的 → wireless adj. 无线的 19.detect vt. 发现；查明 → detection n. 探测；察觉 → detective n. 侦探 20.relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 → relevance n. 相关性 → relevantly adv. 相关地 21.fantasy n. 幻想；想象 → fantastic adj. 极好的；空想的 → fantasize v. 幻想，想象 22.innovation n. 创新；创造 → innovate v. 创新，革新 → innovative adj. 创新的 23.available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 → avail v. 利用；有益于 → availability n. 可用性；可得性 24.structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 → structural adj. 结构的 → structured adj. 有条理的 25.crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 → criminal adj. 犯罪的 n. 罪犯 26.combine vt.&vi.(使) 结合；混合→ combination n. 结合；组合→ combined adj. 组合在一起的 27.artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 → artificially adv. 人工地；人为地 28.predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 → prediction n. 预测；预言 29.occupation n. 职业；占领 → occupy v. 占据；从事（职业）→ occupied adj.已占用的；使用中的；无空闲的 30.oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 → opposite adj. 相反的 n. 对立面 → opposition n. 反对；反对派→ opponent n.反对者；对手 31.absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 → absent adj. 缺席的；缺少的 32.advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 → advocacy n. 倡导；支持 33.emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性 → emphasize v. 强调；重视 34.luxury n. 奢华 → luxurious adj. 奢华的；奢侈的 35.resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 → resistance n. 抵制；阻力 36.accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 → accuracy n. 精准度；准确 → accurately adv. 精确地 37.librarian n. 图书管理员 → library n. 图书馆 38.remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 → remotely adv. 遥远地；丝毫，微弱地 → remoteness n. 遥远；疏远 四、熟词生义 1. persuade 熟义：vt. 劝说；说服 生义：vt. 驱使；敦促 例句： It was the lack of privacy that eventually persuaded us to move after Ben was born.   正是因为缺少隐私感才最终迫使我们在本出生后搬了家。 2. switch 熟义：vt&vi. 转换；交换；改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 生义：vt. 调班；临时掉换工作时间 例句： I can't work next weekend—will you switch with me? 下个周末我不能上班—咱俩调个班好不好？ 3. remote 熟义：adj. 偏僻的；（时间上）久远的；；远程的 生义：adj.（机会或可能性）渺茫的 例句：There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。 4. command 熟义：n.指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 生义：adj.（尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力 例句：(2021·北京卷)You should have a good command of either English or French. 你应该精通英语或法语中的任何一个。 5. structure 熟义：n.结构；体系 vt.系统安排；精心组织 生义：n. 建筑物 例句：（2024·全国一卷）This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. 这座名为“温室”的美丽建筑位于一座新花园的中心，展示了丝绸之路在现代对英国花园的影响。 6.emphasis 熟义：n. 强调；重视；重要性 生义：n.（对某个词或短语的）强调，加重语气，重读 例句：‘I can assure you,’ she added with emphasis, ‘the figures are correct.’ “我可以向你保证，”她加重语气补充道，“这些数字是正确的。” 写作 句型 1. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. the instant: 连词词组, 引导时间状语从句，译为“一…… 就……”= as soon as = immediately = directly = instantly = the moment = the minute 译文：当你走进家门的那一刻，你的灯就会亮起来，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。 The instant I saw him, I knew he was my old friend. 我一看见他，就认出他是我的老朋友。 2. Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 固定句式：It takes / took/ will take some time before......, 译为“多长时间才......./ ......需要多长时间” 译文：然而，大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 ①It takes months before you can speak a foreign language fluently. 要花好几个月，你才能流利地说一门外语。 ②It took nearly half a year before he fully adapted to the rural school life. 过了将近半年，他才完全适应乡村校园生活。 ③It will take a long time before you achieve your dream of being a librarian. 要很久之后，你才能实现成为图书管理员的梦想。 3.Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. 本句是主系表结构，表语“probably the most well-known”置于句首，构成完全倒装句，目的是突出 “最出名的群体”，平衡句子。 译文：或许最广为人知的便是阿米什人，他们是居住在美国乡村的基督教群体。 Even more interesting is his film, telling a very absurd story. 更有趣的是他的电影，讲述了一个非常荒诞的故事。 4.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 固定句式：make it +adj./ n. +for sb. + to do sth, 译为“使做某事对某人来说是…… 的”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。 译文：此外，互联网使朋友和家人保持联系成为可能，即使他们在世界的两端。 Smart appliances make it easy for us to control our houses. 智能电器让我们轻松管控房屋。 This rule makes it a duty for us to save electricity. 这条规定让节约用电成为我们的责任。 语法 将来进行时 写作 一篇探讨科技带来的种种变革的议论文 一、知识点精讲 1.（2020-2022年考查两次）persuade vt. 劝说；说服；使相信；使信服 短语： persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 persuade sb that ...... 使某人相信...... He tried to persuade me of his innocence. 他试图使我相信他是无辜的。 It will be difficult to persuade them that there's no other choice.很难让他们相信别无选择。 （2022·全国二卷）Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。 （2020·全国三卷）I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling. 我知道店员会有多生气，但我试着说服他们保持微笑。 【词汇拓展】 1 persuasion n. 说服，劝服；说服力 After a little gentle persuasion, he agreed to come. 耐心劝说一下，他就同意来了。 ② persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的 He can be very persuasive. 他有时很会说服人。 ③ persuasively adv. 令人信服地；口才好地 2.（2026年考查一次）preference n. 爱好；偏爱 （2026·全国一卷）For instance, interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user’s preferences and responses. 短语： have a preference for sth 偏爱某物；更喜欢某物 give preference to sb/sth 给......以优惠；优待 in preference to sth 而不是 I have a preference for automatic home appliances. 我更喜欢智能家居电器。 The system gives preference to safe modes. 该系统优先选用安全模式。 I choose remote control in preference to manual operation. 我选遥控操作，而非手动操作。 【词汇拓展】 （2018-2024年考查六次）prefer vt. 更喜爱，宁可 短语： prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A prefer doing A to doing B 比起做后者，更喜欢做前者= prefer to do A rather than do B （2021·全国一卷）We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 我们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能，既可以用于好的目的，也可以用于坏的目的。 （2018·全国二卷）You prefer healthy food to fast food. 比起快餐，你更喜欢健康食品。 I prefer to cook at home rather than eat out on weekends. 周末我宁愿在家做饭，也不愿出去吃。 Most people prefer staying at home to going out on cold days. 天冷的时候，大多数人比起出门更喜欢待在家里。 2. command n.指令；命令；控制 ；精通；掌握 & vt. 命令；控制 短语： in command of 指挥；控制 under one’s command 由某人统率或支配 take/have command of 控制；管辖 have (a) good command of 掌握；精通 command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that ......(should) do sth 命令....做某事（从句中用虚拟语气，should可省略） He has 1,200 men under his command. 他掌管着1 200人。 He has command of 1 200 men. 有1 200人由他管辖。 The police arrived and took command of the situation. 警察到达后就控制了局势。 For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life. 多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。 Applicants will be expected to have (a) good command of English. 申请人必须精通英语。 As time was limited, the manager commanded the workers to finish the work as scheduled. 由于时间有限，经理命令工人们按时完成工作。 He commanded that all the gates should be shut when it was getting dark in case thieves came in. 他下令：天色渐暗时，所有大门都必须关闭，以防窃贼入侵。 3. in this sense 在这种意义上 "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy. 在这个意义上，“财富”并不是钱，因为我们不是靠钱生活，而是靠钱能买到的东西生活 【词汇拓展】 (2017-2026年考查十三次) sense n. 感觉官能;理解力；判断力;意义；含义 vt.感觉到；意识到 短语： a sense of achievement 成就感 a sense of duty 责任感 a sense of belonging 归属感 a sense of direction 方向感 a sense of excitement 一种兴奋感 in that sense 在那种意义上 in many senses 从许多方面来说 in no sense 决不 in a sense 从某种意义上说 make sense 讲得通，有道理 make sense of 搞清.......的意思；理解 get a better sense of 更深入的了解 There is no sense (in) doing sth 做某事没意义 (2026·全国二卷) This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. 这种不确定性让我开始思考零的含义。由此，我踏上了探寻海平面概念历史的旅程。 (2024·全国一卷) This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. 这一观点具有合理性，因为通过移动设备获取生物多样性观测数据的用户通常是记录其在周边地区与物种接触情况的公民科学家。 (2023·全国一卷) In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. 在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更深入地了解该群体成员在讨论中实际开展了哪些活动。 (2022·全国一卷) She has gained a sense of achievement from the program. 通过该项目，她获得了强烈的成就感。 (2022·全国一卷)Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next. 如今，每年丈夫把我们的房车从车库开出来时，我们都会充满兴奋感，期待着接下来能体验怎样的露营乐趣与冒险。 (2021·全国二卷) What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries. 当人工智能全面取代人类时，我们唯一留存下来的将是创造力；而正是这种创造精神、这种富有远见的创新意识，几个世纪以来始终是我们强大的核心竞争力。 (2019·全国二卷) In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. 从这个意义上看，我相当确信志愿服务本质上更是一种自私的行为——尽管我并不情愿承认这一点。 (2019·全国二卷)The author likes doing volunteer work because it gives her a sense of duty. 作者喜欢做志愿者工作，因为这让她感受到责任。 (2019·全国三卷) China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. 中国已不再仅仅是一个普通的市场；从许多方面来看，它已经发展成为了一个重要的市场。 (2018·全国一卷) Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. 邓恩认为，那些主动与陌生人接触的人会感受到更强的归属感，并与他人建立更紧密的联系。 (2017·全国二卷)Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on. 查尔斯·达尔文在150多年前就设想了一个远比我们所见所闻的世界更为繁忙、喧嚣且亲密无间（亲密的）的世界。我们的感官十分有限，但那个世界却充满无限生机。 4.（2018-2024年考查五次）combine vt. & vi. （使）结合；混合 短语： combine ......with/and.......把......与......结合起来；把......与......融为一体；兼有......和......；兼做......和...... (2019·全国三卷)The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward. 然后，研究人员测试了猴子如何组合或添加这些符号来获得奖励。 She has successfully combined a career and/with bringing up a family. 她成功地兼顾了事业和抚养子女。 They have successfully combined the old with/and the new in this room. 他们在这个房间里成功地把古老和现代的风格融为一体。 (2018·全国三卷)The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty. 学习传统应与实践相结合。否则，传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的。 【词汇拓展】 (2019-2014年考查三次) combination n.  结合体；结合，联合 (2023·全国一卷)With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. 5.（2019-2023年考查三次）oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 oppose sth反对某事 oppose doing sth 反对做某事 I would oppose changing the law.我将反对改变这个法规。 (2017·全国三卷) Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. 【词汇拓展】 ①opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 be opposed to (doing) sth 反对（做）某事 Some students were opposed to the decision,thinking that it would limit their freedom. ②opposite adj. 对面的；相反的（用在名词前做定语）& n.对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面 &prep. 与…相对；在…对面 We live further down on the opposite side of the road. 我们住在马路对面再远一点的地方。 The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行在超市的正对面。 (2025·全国二卷) But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 但相反的情况发生了：她被淹没了，仅在2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。 ③opposition n.反对，反抗 in opposition to sb/sth反对某人/某事;对比；对照 Protest marches were held in opposition to the proposed law. 为抗议新提出的法规举行了示威游行 Leisure is often defined in opposition to work. 休闲常被定义为工作的反面。 ④opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者 (2025·全国一卷) In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘guidance’ till they lose. 在围棋比赛中，每一步棋都应服务于长远目标。你需要引导对手落入你的陷阱，并迫使他们遵循你的“指引”，直至其落败。 6. （2025-2026年考查两次）resist vt.& vi. 反抗；抵挡；抵制；忍住 (2026·全国二卷) The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. 关键在于让他们经历一些困难——当他们遇到挫折时，要克制住立即帮忙解决问题的冲动。 (2025·全国一卷) My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. 我妻子建议我联系我的弟弟，但我拒绝了，认为他应该先打电话。 短语： resist doing sth 抵制/反对做某事 can’t resist doing sth 禁不住做某事；忍不住做某事 = can’t help doing sth The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 银行强烈反对降低利率。 He couldn't resist showing off his new car. 他忍不住炫耀起了他的新车。 【词汇拓展】 ① resistant adj. 抵抗的；抵制的；抗......的 be resistant to ....... 抵抗...... Elderly people are not always resistant to change. 上了年纪的人并不总是抵制变革。 2 resistance n. 抵抗；抵抗力 resistance to sb/sth 抵抗某人/某事；抵制某人/某事 The demonstrators offered little or no resistance to the police. 示威者几乎没有对警察进行任何反抗。 There has been a lot of resistance to this new law. 这项新的法规已经遇到很多的抵制。 【易混辨析】 resist doing sth ①反对做某事，=oppose doing ②克制自己不去做某事（忍住）③对抗外来力量、阻碍； 侧重克制自身欲望 / 抵挡外部施压 oppose doing 反对做某事，公开反对、不赞同（观点 / 计划 / 行为），侧重立场、态度 二、核心语法精讲 将来进行时 一．定义：将来进行时用于表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作或状态或者在将来某一段时间一直在进行的动作或状态，强调动作的持续性。 二．基本结构 将来进行时由 will/shall + be + 动词现在分词（-ing） 构成, shall用于第一人称，一般情况下，常用will。 1. 肯定句：主语 + will be + 现在分词 例：I will be studying for my exam tomorrow afternoon. 我明天下午将正在复习考试 2.否定句：主语 + will not be + 现在分词，缩写为 won't be + 现在分词 例：They won't be having dinner at that time. 他们那时将不在吃饭 3.一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 例：Will you be working late tonight? 你今晚会工作到很晚吗？ 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 例：Where will they be staying during their vacation? 他们度假期间将住在哪里？ 三．将来进行时的用法 1. 表示最近或较远的将来正在进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 ①The bus will be leaving in a minute. 公交车很快就要开了。 ②In the future, we will/shall be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. 在未来，我们将每天运用先进技术来实现家中几乎所有设备的自动控制。 2.表示已计划好的事。 ①We will/shall be taking a test at this time tomorrow. 明天这个时候我们将在考试。 ②Don’t call her between 2:30 pm and 3:00 pm. I will be taking a nap. 下午 2 点半到 3 点之间不要给我打电话，我那时在午休。 ③Sorry,I can’t meet you at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon, because I will be playing soccer then. 抱歉，我明天下午五点无法与您见面，因为那时我要踢足球。 3.有时也用来委婉地提出请求或者表达其他含义。 A:—Will you be passing the shop? 你将会经过商店吗？ B:—Probably. Why? 可能吧。怎么了？ A:—I need some salt and sugar. 我需要一些盐和糖。 B:—OK. I’ll get some for you. 好吧，我给你买回来。 【练一练】用将来进行时完成句子 1.明天上午九点，我正在上英语课。 At 9 o’clock tomorrow morning, I will be having an English class. 2.今晚八点别打扰我，我那时正在看一部科普纪录片。 Don’t disturb me at 8 tonight. I will be watching a science documentary. 3.十分钟后，列车即将驶离车站。 In ten minutes, the train will be leaving the station. 4.我姐姐明年就要出国留学了。 My sister will be studying abroad next year. 5.本周五下午我们将开展一场关于未来科技的讨论会。 We will be holding a discussion about future technology this Friday afternoon. 6.科学家们下周将开展这项太空实验。 7.The scientists will be carrying out the space experiment next week. 8.接下来几年，他们将修建更多智慧社区。 They will be building more smart communities in the following years. 四．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 (1) 将来进行时通常表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作；一般将来时通常表示将来某一时刻将会进行的动作或事件。 What will you be doing at 8:00 tonight? 今晚 8 点你将会在做什么呢？ What will you do tonight? 你今晚打算干什么？ (2) 将来进行时有时只单纯表示将来或按计划进行的事，而一般将来时则具有其他的意味。 I will be attending the online lecture this evening. 我今晚将参加线上讲座。 (表示将来，按计划进行) I will attend the online lecture this evening. 我今晚要参加线上讲座。(表示意愿，也可能表示许诺) Will you be coming to join us for lunch tomorrow? 你明天会和我们一起吃午饭吗？ (询问计划) Will you come join us for lunch tomorrow? 你明天来和我们一起吃午饭吗？ (发出邀请) 【巩固练习】 1. 明天晚上八点，我正在复习我的功课。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们小组将会讨论如何高效完成这个课题。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.下周这个时候，同学们正在进行英语测试。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.周日下午三点，他正在图书馆查阅相关参考资料。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.我将会抽出空闲时间巩固薄弱的语法知识点。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.老师将会推荐几本适合课外阅读的英文小说。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.她将会制定一份合理的暑期学习计划。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.下个月此时，很多学生正在参加学科竞赛。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.I will be going over my lessons at eight tomorrow evening. 2.Our group will discuss how to finish the project efficiently. 3.The students will be taking the English test this time next week. 4.He will be looking up relevant reference materials in the library at 3 p.m. on Sunday. 5.I will spare time to strengthen weak grammar points. 6.The teacher will recommend several English novels suitable for after-school reading. 7.She will work out a reasonable study plan for the summer vacation. 8.Many students will be taking part in academic competitions this time next month. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 1) 写作主题 围绕现代科技发展，探讨科技给生活、学习、社交、社会带来的种种变革，可从积极赋能和双面利弊两个角度立意，贴合科技进步与时代发展的单元主题。 2) 文体类型 观点类议论文，以现象分析+利弊评述+个人观点升华为主，词数80–100词，高中高频应试题型。 3) 写作核心要求 现象层面：简述科技飞速发展、改变日常生活； 论述层面：或者侧重科技便利与进步，或者辩证分析利弊双面性； 升华层面：表达理性看待、合理利用科技的个人态度； 语法加分：熟练运用非限制性定语从句、非谓语作状语、名词性从句、倒装句等高级句式。 2. 写作框架（三段式万能模板） 第一段：开篇点题，引出话题（1–2句） 总述科技飞速发展，全方位重塑现代生活，用非限制性定语从句开篇，点明科技带来巨大变革。 第二段：主体论述，分层阐释（3–4句） 正向角度：列举科技便利，打破时空限制、便利学习沟通、提升生活效率、推动社会进步； 辩证角度：先肯定科技便利，再转折指出弊端，沉迷电子产品、弱化现实交往、影响身心健康。 第三段：结尾升华，发表观点（2句） 总结科技价值，提出青少年应理性对待、合理利用科技，扬长避短，让科技为生活赋能。 3. 写作素材 一）高级核心词汇 transform v. 彻底改变；重塑 reshape v. 重新塑造 rapid adj. 迅速的 efficient adj. 高效的 convenient adj. 便利的 unavoidable adj. 不可避免的 rational adj. 理性的 beneficial adj. 有益的 negative adj. 消极的；有害的 significant adj. 意义重大的 二）高分核心短语 with the rapid advancement of 随着……的飞速发展 break the boundaries of time and space 打破时空界限 boost efficiency of study and life 提升学习生活效率 facilitate daily communication 便利日常交流 be obsessed with digital devices 沉迷数码设备 weaken face-to-face interaction 弱化面对面交流 exert negative effects on 对……产生负面影响 strike a balance between A and B 在AB之间保持平衡 make full use of 充分利用 三）分级模板句型（含单元核心语法） 1. 开篇引入句型（定语从句高分） With the rapid advancement of modern technology, our life has been greatly transformed, which brings us numerous changes. 随着现代科技飞速发展，我们的生活被极大重塑，这为我们带来了无数改变。 Modern technology is developing fast, which reshapes every aspect of our daily life. 现代科技发展迅猛，重塑了我们日常生活的方方面面。 2. 主体正向论述句型（非谓语+定语从句） Breaking the limits of time and space, technology allows us to study and work online anytime. 科技打破时空限制，让我们随时线上学习工作。 It offers abundant learning resources, which greatly improves our study efficiency. 它提供丰富的学习资源，极大提升我们的学习效率。 3. 辩证转折句型（万能提分） While technology brings unprecedented convenience, it also causes some unavoidable problems. 虽然科技带来前所未有的便利，也引发了一些不可避免的问题。 Every coin has two sides, and technology is no exception. 万物皆有两面，科技亦是如此。 4. 弊端描述句型 Spending too much time on screens, many teenagers ignore real-life communication. 许多青少年沉迷屏幕，忽视了现实交往。 This habit may exert a bad influence on their physical and mental health. 这种习惯会对他们的身心健康造成不良影响。 5. 结尾升华句型（强调句+定语从句） It is rational use of technology that makes our life better. 正是对科技的理性使用让生活更美好。 We should strike a balance, which helps us benefit more from modern technology. 我们应当保持平衡，这能让我们从现代科技中获益更多。 4. 范文背诵 范文一 Great Changes Brought by Technology With the rapid advancement of modern technology, our daily life has been greatly transformed, which brings us countless benefits and profound social changes. Modern technology perfectly breaks the boundaries of time and space, making our study, work and daily life far more efficient. We can gain abundant and diverse learning resources online and communicate with people around the world conveniently at any time. Besides, advanced transportation and medical technology greatly improve people’s living standards and promote social progress steadily. Technology is undoubtedly a powerful helper in our modern life. We teenagers should cherish the convenience it brings and make full and rational use of it to enrich ourselves and create a more promising future for society. 范文二 The Double-edged Sword of Modern Technology Modern technology is developing rapidly all over the world, which profoundly reshapes people’s lifestyles and every aspect of social life. It provides us with great convenience in academic study, daily work and interpersonal communication. However, every coin has two sides. While enjoying its benefits, many teenagers are easily obsessed with digital devices. This bad habit weakens their face-to-face interaction with others and even exerts negative effects on their physical and mental health. As far as I am concerned, technology itself is neither good nor bad. The key lies in how we use it. We must treat it rationally and strike a balance between digital life and real life to let technology serve us better. 易错点01 rather than /more than/other than 【错因辨析】 1.rather than 而不是, 表示取舍，肯定前者，否定后者。（高考高频） 平行原则，前后词性 / 形式一致；后接动词原形最常见。 ①后接名词 / 代词 I’d like tea rather than coffee. 我想要茶，而不是咖啡。 It is he rather than you who is to blame. 该受责备的是他，而不是你。 ②后接动词（最高频考点） 情况 1：平行结构，前后形式一致 She enjoys reading rather than watching TV. 她喜欢阅读，而不是看电视。 I decided to call him rather than send an email.（第二个 to 常省略） 我决定打电话给他，而不是发邮件。 情况 2：最常考：would do…rather than do（后面直接用动词原形）：宁愿做...而不愿做...;与其做（后者）不如做（前者） He would wait rather than take a taxi. 他宁愿等待，也不愿打车。 Rather than waste time, we should start immediately. 与其浪费时间，我们不如立刻行动。 ③后接形容词 She seems excited rather than worried. 她看起来很兴奋，而非担忧。 ④后接介词短语 We travel by bike rather than by car. 我们骑自行车出行，而不是开车。 ⑤位置灵活：可置于句首 Rather than give up, he kept on practising. 他没有放弃，而是坚持练习。 2.more than (高考高频) 三层常考含义： ①more than+数词：多于，超过 （高考考查最多） He has more than 200 books. 他有两百多本书。 ② more than (just) +n：不仅仅；不只是（高考高频） Music is more than just entertainment. 音乐不仅仅是娱乐。 ③more than + adj./adv：极其，非常 I am more than glad to help you. 我非常乐意帮助你。 ④more than + 从句：难以……；超出……所能 The problem is more than I can handle. 这个问题超出了我的能力范围。 That is more than I can bear. 那是我无法忍受的。 3. other than 除了…… 之外 = except I have no friends here other than you. 除了你之外，我在这儿没有别的朋友。 You can’t enter the lab other than working hours. 除了工作时间，你不能进入实验室。 【对点训练】用rather than,more than, other than 填空。 1. (2026·全国一卷) You do ________________ just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an extension of your family. 【答案】more than 【解析】句意：你不只是和邻居闲聊 —— 很多时候，邻居实际上就是你家庭的延伸。more than just talk 不只是闲聊 / 不仅仅只是交谈 （句型：more than just do sth；前面有实义动词 do，此处 talk 用原形。 2. (2025·全国一卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China ________________ 4,000 years ago. 【答案】more than 【解析】 more than + 数字 ： 超过，多于； 句意：上海久事美术馆正在展出一系列灵感源自围棋的艺术作品。围棋起源于中国，距今已有四千多年历史。 3.(2024·全国二卷）______________watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. 【答案】Rather than（句首首字母大写） 【解析】rather than：而不是；否定后面大面积浇灌，肯定精准供水。 句意：这套系统并非成片浇灌土地，而是为每一株植物精准供给适量水分。 4.(2024·全国二卷）Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness ________________ our downfall. 【答案】rather than 【解析】 rather than：而不是 ； 取舍关系：成就伟业，而非走向覆灭。 句意：拥有条理清晰的思维，再辅以全局管控，我们就能成就辉煌，而非走向衰败。 5.(2023·全国一卷)As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was________________ two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. 【答案】more than 【解析】more than + 数字：超过 more than two-thirds 超过三分之二 句意：据当地一家报纸报道，贝利赛程跑完三分之二多时，前方一名选手因疼痛哭喊起来。 6.(2021·全国二卷) Keep the room cool ________________warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 【答案】rather than 【解析】rather than：而不是 ；取舍关系：保持凉爽，不要闷热。 句意：房间保持凉爽，不要太暖和，以免犯困。 7.(2021·全国一卷) ________________getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? 【答案】Rather than（句首大写） 【解析】rather than doing：与其纠结…… 不如…… 句意：与其纠结自己本可以做得更好，不如善待、体谅自己。 8.(2020·全国二卷) Oranges: Orange trees are ________________decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. 【答案】more than 【解析】more than + 名词：不仅仅是 句意：橘子：橘树不只是装饰物，更是好运与财富的象征。 9.(2019·全国二卷)"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, ________________ 'Are you working towards your goal?' 【答案】other than 【解析】other than = except 除…… 之外 句意：“没有考试，” 戈登说，“没有打分作业，几乎没有分数评级，唯一的评判标准就是‘你是否在为目标努力？’。” 10. (2018·全国三卷)"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories ________________ focusing on Chinese traditions. 【答案】rather than 【解析】rather than 而不是， 后接平行结构，focusing on 与learning平行。句意：“如今许多中国人学习西方模式与理论，却不重视中国传统。” 易错点02 in place of / take the place of / take place 【错因辨析】 1. take place （事件、活动预先安排、有计划地）发生，举行 不及物动词短语，无宾语，无被动语态 错误：The meeting was taken place. 正确：The meeting took place yesterday. The sports meeting will take place next Friday. 运动会将于下周五举行。 Great changes have taken place in our hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 (2026·全国一卷) Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. 大集市（又称大型露天集市）通常在农历特定日期举行，例如以五或七为末位数字的日期。 2. take the place of sb./sth. 取代、接替某人 / 某物 动词短语，可以直接作句子谓语 = replace sb./sth. 例句： Robots will not take the place of humans completely. 机器人不会完全取代人类。 Nobody can take the place of your parents. 没有人能够取代你的父母。 3. in place of sb./sth. 代替…… 介词短语，不能充当谓语,常常作状语= instead of ；若作谓语，必须和be动词连用；be+in place of sb/sth =take the place of sth/sb I used plastic bags in place of paper bags. 我用塑料袋代替纸袋。 （谓语动词：used；in place of 只是状语） Lily will be in place of Lucy for the volunteer work tomorrow. 明天莉莉会代替露西做志愿工作。 He attended the meeting in place of his manager. 他代替经理出席了会议。 【对点训练】 1. (2026·全国一卷) Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically______________________ on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. 【答案】take place 【解析】take place 举行， 句意：大集市（又称大型露天集市）通常在农历特定日期举行，例如以五或七为末位数字的日期。 2.(2020·全国一卷) We expect that the glowing plants will ____________________ power plants in the future. 【答案】take the place of 【解析】take the place of 代替 ， 句意：我们期待，在未来发光植物将会取代发电厂。 3.Many new energy vehicles will ____________________traditional fuel cars in the near future as people pay more attention to environmental protection. 【答案】take the place of 【解析】take the place of 代替， 句意：随着人们日益重视环境保护，许多新能源汽车将在不久的将来取代传统燃油车。 4.The school sports meeting____________________ every October to encourage students to keep exercising. 【答案】takes place 【解析】take place 举行，句中 every October 是时间状语，表示每年发生的事情，应该用一般现在时，主语是单数，所以用takes。 句意：学校每年十月都会举办体育运动会，旨在鼓励学生坚持锻炼。 5.Most teenagers prefer to take part in outdoor sports ____________________staying indoors alone and playing online games all weekend. 【答案】in place of 【解析】in place of 代替，而不是，在句中作状语。 句意：大多数青少年更喜欢参与户外运动，而非整个周末都待在室内独自玩网络游戏。 易错点03 which在非限制性定语从句中的用法和that的用法 【错因辨析】 1.which 在非限制性定语从句中的用法 ①which 指代前面事物名词或者词组（指物） which在非限制性定语从句作主语或宾语，指代前面一个词或者词组 结构：先行词，which+从句 The park, which we visited last weekend, is very beautiful. 我们上周末看的那个公园非常漂亮。 which 指代 the park，逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句。 ②which 指代前面完整一句话（高考高频考点） which在非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代前面整个句子 结构：完整主句，which + 从句 ； 译为：这一点 / 这件事 She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit.她和家人骑自行车上班，这有助于保持身体健康。 which指代前面整句话，逗号隔开，引导非限制性定语从句 He lost his new bike, which made him very upset. 他弄丢了新自行车，这让他非常沮丧。 ③介词+ which 介词后只能用 which，绝对不能用 that。 The wooden bridge, on which many tourists take photos, dates back to 100 years ago. 很多游客在这座木桥上拍照，它已有百年历史。 The house, in which we lived last year, is very comfortable. ④代词/数词/the +n.+of +which 先行词为复数事物，逗号隔开,非限制性从句, 译为：其中…… ⑴数词 + of which（基数词、分数、百分数） There are hundreds of new machines, two thirds of which work automatically. 这里有数百台新机器，其中三分之二可以自动运转。 He bought many books, ten of which are about new energy. 他买了很多书，其中十本是关于新能源的。 ⑵不定代词 + of which（all, some, many, most, none, several，both，none, neither） The city has many parks, most of which are filled with green plants. 这座城市有很多公园，其中大部分种满绿植。 There are several power stations, all of which produce electricity day and night. 这里有几座发电站，全都日夜发电。 ⑶ the + 名词 + of which = whose + 名词 表示所属关系，“…… 的” I saw a gold watch, the hands of which were made of diamond. = I saw a gold watch, whose hands were made of diamond. 我看见了一块金表，它的指针由钻石制成。 They visited a lab, the windows of which face the sea. =They visited a lab, whose windows face the sea. 他们参观了一间实验室，实验室的窗户面朝大海。 2.that 在定语从句中的用法 （1）that只引导限制性定语从句（高考常考），不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以在非限制性定语从句中，绝不能用关系代词that，这是最容易错的知识点。 that引导限制性定语从句，指代事物，在从句中作主语，宾语，也可以用which。 The power plant that/which we visited last week saves much energy. 我们上周参观的发电厂节约大量能源。 从句和主句之间没有逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词是the power plant ,发电厂是物，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that或which。 I like the article that/which appeared in 2020 National Paper Ⅰ. 我喜欢 2020 年全国一卷刊登的那篇文章。 从句和主句之间没有逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词是the article,指物，在从句中作主语，关系代词用that或which。 （2）用that不用which的情况 ① 先行词包含「人 + 物」 We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们聊了我们拜访过的老师和学校。 ②先行词被最高级修饰 This is the most useful technology that I have ever seen. 这是我见过最实用的技术。 ③先行词被序数词修饰 The first thing that we should do is save energy. 我们第一件要做的事是节约能源。 ④先行词被 all, everything, nothing, little, much 不定代词修饰 All that he said is about new energy plants. 他所说的一切都是关于新能源植物。 ⑤先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰 This is the only way that can reduce power waste. 这是唯一能减少电力浪费的办法。 【对点训练】 1.（2026·全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ___________ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026·全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 3.（2025·全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 4.（2024·全国一卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 5.（2022·全国一卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 6.（2021·全国二卷）I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company ________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 7.（2019·全国二卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. 8.（2018·全国一卷Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes 9.（2017·全国一卷·）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,  70  is not good for the health. 【答案】 1. that/which 2.which 3.which 4.that/which 5.that 6.that/which 7.which 8.that/which 9.which 【解析】 1.that/which考查定语从句/关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空白处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词stands(摊位)，先行词为物，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that或 which。 句意：街边小吃的香气吸引着他们，众人在小吃摊前排起长队，摊位上售卖着热气腾腾的饺子与热汤面。 2.which考查定语从句。空白处所在的从句是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作介词 of的宾语，指代先行词positions，故填which。 句意：接下来我们学习太极招式，安吉拉所教授的这套拳法一共有四十二式。今天我们只学习前九式。 3.which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是完整的句子，再根据空白处前的逗号以及空白处所在句缺主语可知，此处需要引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词Go是物，故填which。 句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出一批以围棋为灵感创作的艺术作品；围棋起源于中国，距今已有四千多年历史。 语法：which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代围棋。 4.that/which此处考查限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词为the Silk Route，故填that/which. 句意：这座玻璃温室堪称当代设计的杰出成果，用于培育中国西南地区的各类植物；一条步道尽头便是温室，这条步道还原了古丝绸之路的路线。当年正是这条丝路，将原产于亚洲的各类植物运往欧洲，极大丰富了英国园艺的品种。 语法：that 限制性定语从句，先行词 the Silk Route。 5.that 此处考查限制性定语从句。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句关系代词，它在句中作主语，先行词由all修饰时，关系词一般用that。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在为所有栖息在大熊猫分布区内的物种提供更完善的保护，并大幅改善该区域的生态系统状况。 6.that/which考查限制性定语从句。分析句子结构， ____59____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句。 句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。 7.which 引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词the pet shop,which 在从句中作 opened的宾语。 句意：如今艾琳・阿斯特伯里每天上午九点到下午五点，在麦克尔斯菲尔德的宠物店工作。这家店是她和已故丈夫莱斯一同创办的。 8.that/which 考查限制性定语从句，此处用that/which 引导语从句修饰先行词 study。句意：该综述的两位撰稿人还在 2014 年发表了一项研究。研究表明，每天仅跑步 5 至 10 分钟，就能降低心脏病患病风险以及各类原因导致的早逝概率。 9.which 考查非限制定语从句 结合上下文，此处意为 “可能二者吃的太多，对我们的健康不利”，且 ...is not good for the health 缺少主语，因此应填关系代词 which，指代上文提到的内容。句意：和其他事物一样，这两样东西一旦摄入过量，就会有损身体健康。 一、默写重点单词 1.___________________ adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 & vt.获得；栓牢；保护 2.___________________n. 警告；警示；先兆 3.___________________adj. 不正常的；反常的 4.___________________ adv. 潜在地；可能地 5.___________________ adj. 有关的；有意义的 6.___________________ vt. 预测；预言；预料 7.___________________n. 强调；重视；重要性 8.___________________ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 9.___________________ adj. 精确的；准确的 10.___________________ adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 11.___________________ adj. 乡村的；农村的 12.___________________vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 13.___________________ 关 / 开（电灯、机器等） 14.___________________着火 15.___________________从这种意义上来讲 16.___________________缺乏；在没有…… 的情况下 17.___________________在初期；早先 【答案】1. secure 2.warning 3.abnormal 4.potentially 5.relevant 6.predict 7.emphasis 8.resistance 9.accurate 10. critical 11.rural 12. advocate 13.switch off/on 14.catch fire 15.in this sense 16.in the absence of 17.early on 二、词汇运用 1.After talking with my parents for three hours last night, I finally ________________ (劝说) them to allow me to join the mountain volunteer program. 2.We can catch sight of faint lights from the _______________ (遥远的) hills when we stand on the top of the mountain at dusk. 3.With the new intelligent equipment, all the workers finished their tasks much more ______________ (高效的) than they did five years ago. 4.This special medicine can bring _____________ (立刻的) relief to your sore throat the moment you take it. 5.Almost everyone has a _____________ (偏爱) for quiet outdoor activities to noisy parties when they have spare time. 6.The general _____________ (命令) all soldiers to finish the defense task before dark when the war broke out. 7.Every citizen _____________ (遵守) the national laws and public rules to keep social order all the time. 8.The _____________ (持续不断的) noise of cars outside the window disturbed my study the whole afternoon yesterday. 9.Before you visit the art exhibition, you’d better check if tickets are still _____________ (可获得的) on the official website. 10.The artist _____________ (结合) traditional Chinese painting skills with Western oil painting for many years and created lots of famous works. 11.The teacher was very worried about Tom’s long _____________ (缺席) from class, so she called his parents at once. 【答案】1. persuaded 2. distant 3.efficiently 4.instant 5.preference 6.ordered 7.obeys 8.constant 9.available 10.combined 11.absence 三、重点句型 1.__________________________________________________, all students start to collect recyclable rubbish. 老师一倡导减少塑料垃圾，所有同学就开始收集可回收垃圾。 2.______________________________________________ scientists find a method to make the experimental data accurate enough. 科学家们要花费很久，才能找到让实验数据足够精准的方法。 3.______________________________________________the experts who devoted themselves to environmental research. 出席会议的是那些致力于环保研究的专家。 4.Clear rules ______________________________________________ public management regulations. 清晰的规章制度让每位市民遵守公共管理规定变得简单。 5. We __________________________________________________low-carbon lifestyles among teenagers. 我们把向青少年倡导低碳生活方式设为长期目标。 【答案】 1. The instant the teacher advocates reducing plastic waste 2.It will take a long time before 3.Present at the meeting were 4.made it easy for every citizen to obey 5.make it a long-term goal for the teenagers to advocate 四、课文语法填空 Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. Have you ever forgotten 1. ______________ (switch) off your computer or TV after using it? These small mistakes waste energy and can sometimes lead 2. __________ potential safety problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, smart homes will change our life completely. Smart homes are homes that integrate advanced technology into daily life. They can lock the door automatically when we are away, and switch off electrical devices when we forget to do so. 3.____________ (equip) with intelligent sensors, future homes will enter an energy-efficient mode all by themselves. This smart system will make it much 4. __________ (easy) for people to save energy and live comfortably. Your home will learn your daily routine and 5. __________ (prefer), so everything will be ready for you the moment you return home. The instant you enter the door, your lights will turn on, and your favourite music will play softly. It will take some time 6. __________ most ordinary families equip their houses with such smart systems. All controls will respond to voice commands. You only need to speak out your needs, and the smart home system will obey your orders 7.________________ (immediate). Scientists are constantly improving the technology, 8. __________ shows great potential in future life. Though some people oppose the rapid development of smart technology, most experts advocate combining intelligence with daily life to create a better living environment. Present in every smart home 9.___________(be) intelligent devices that serve people whole-heartedly. In the near future, smart homes will surely bring us 10.___________ more convenient and secure life. 【答案】 1. to switch 2. to 3. Equipped 4. easier 5. preferences 6. before 7. immediately 8. which 9. are 10. a 【解析】 1. to switch 考查不定式作宾语 解析：固定搭配 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事（事情没做）；forget doing 忘记做过某事（事情已做完）。此处指用完后忘记关掉电视/电脑，动作未发生，用不定式。 2. to 考查介词 解析：固定短语 lead to，意为“导致，造成”，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。本句指小失误会带来潜在安全隐患。 3. Equipped 考查过去分词作状语 解析：分词作状语。固定搭配 be equipped with 配备有……；主句主语 future homes 和 equip 是被动关系（房屋被安装传感器），因此用过去分词 Equipped 表被动、状态。句首首字母大写。 4. easier 考查形容词比较级 解析：固定结构 make it + 形容词 + to do；much 只能修饰形容词/副词比较级，easy 的比较级为 easier。句意：这套智能系统会让人们节约能源变得容易得多。 5. preferences 考查名词复数 解析：and 并列并列名词 routine（日常习惯），因此需要把动词 prefer 变为名词 preference；此处泛指各类个人喜好，用复数形式 preferences。 6. before 考查连词 解析：固定句型 It takes some time before… 要过一段时间才……。句意：普通家庭还要过上一段时间，才能给住宅配齐这套智能系统。 7. immediately 考查副词 解析：空格修饰动词 obey（遵从），修饰动词必须用副词；形容词 immediate 变副词 immediately。 8. which 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词 解析：逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整件事（科学家持续改进这项技术）；非限制性定语从句指代事物、指代整件事时，只能用 which，不能用 that。 9. are 考查谓语 解析：主系表完全倒装句。正常语序：Intelligent devices that serve people whole-heartedly are present in every smart home. 表语 Present 提前倒装，主语 intelligent devices 是复数，因此系动词用 are。 10. a 考查冠词 解析：固定搭配 a … life 一种……样的生活。more convenient 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a；a more convenient and secure life 一种更加便捷、安全的生活。 五、阅读理解 A TIANJIN — At the 2026 World Intelligence Expo, cutting-edge intelligent equipment turns science-fiction imagination into daily reality, painting a vivid picture of the future world in our unit Looking into the Future. The four-day exhibition gathered over 700 tech enterprises to display AI-driven solutions for residential life, urban management, medical care and transportation. Unlike early smart devices with simple voice control, the 2026 autonomous AI agents can actively predict human demands without repeated manual orders. A modern futuristic smart home adopts an integrated network of sensors, household robots and monitoring devices. When residents wake up, the AI adjusts indoor temperature and humidity based on overnight sleep data, opens windows for fresh air and prepares warm drinks via kitchen robotic arms. The bathroom smart mirror quickly detects users’ physical indicators and sends detailed health reports to family doctors in real time. Beyond families, AI serves as the “digital brain” of modern smart cities. Millions of embedded sensors transmit round-the-clock real-time data to the central computing platform. Traffic lights dynamically adjust timing to ease rush-hour congestion. In rainy weather, the system automatically activates urban drainage systems and pushes early flood warnings to all citizens. AI robots also handle daily community administrative work, greatly cutting residents’ waiting time. Despite the tremendous convenience brought by intelligent technology, experts warn of non-negligible hidden risks. Massive collection of personal living data creates serious privacy loopholes, and database hacking may lead to illegal use of private information. Excessive AI dependence weakens people’s independent thinking and basic life abilities, especially among teenagers who rely on AI for all study tasks. Besides, intelligent automation replaces numerous traditional posts, causing structural unemployment for low-skilled workers. Scientists and policymakers have reached a clear consensus: AI is an irreversible future trend, yet it remains neutral. A bright intelligent future relies on sound data protection laws, widespread digital literacy education and targeted vocational retraining for displaced workers. Balancing technological progress and social security is the key to steady development of future intelligent society. 1. What is the biggest difference between 2026 AI home systems and early smart devices? A. They can control household appliances by voice. B. They can predict people’s needs actively without orders. C. They can send health reports automatically to hospitals. D. They can connect different equipment through the Internet. 2. What function does the city’s “digital brain” serve in rainy weather? A. It adjusts traffic lights to avoid traffic jams. B. It collects citizens’ personal data for analysis. C. It opens drainage gates and sends flood warnings. D. It provides online administrative services for residents. 3. Which hidden risk of AI is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Personal private data may be stolen and misused. B. People may lose the ability to think independently. C. Traditional jobs will be replaced by intelligent robots. D. AI systems may make wrong medical diagnosis reports. 4. What is the author’s attitude toward AI and smart technology? A. Fully supportive and optimistic. B. Completely negative and worried. C. Objective and rational with balanced analysis. D. Doubtful and unwilling to accept new technology. 【答案】 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 【导读】本文是一篇科技说明文，文章以2026年世界智能博览会为切入点，介绍了AI技术在智能家居、智慧城市中的广泛应用与便捷优势，同时剖析了隐私泄露、能力退化、结构性失业等潜在风险，指出AI是时代必然趋势，需通过完善制度平衡科技发展与社会安全。 【解析】 1. B 细节理解题 根据第二段Unlike early smart devices with simple voice control, the 2026 autonomous AI agents can actively predict human demands without repeated manual orders（不像早期智能设备，2026款自主AI代理能够主动预测用户需求，无需重复手动指令。）可知，对比新旧智能设备的核心区别，2026年的AI智能系统可主动预判用户需求、无需人工指令，对应B选项内容:They can predict people’s needs actively without orders(它们能够主动预测人们的需求，无需任何指令);. 错项排除： A. They can control household appliances by voice(用户可通过语音控制家用电器):语音控制是老式智能设备的功能，并非新款优势； C.They can send health reports automatically to hospitals(他们能自动给医院发送健康报告):智能健康报告是新款智能家居的附属功能，不是新旧设备的核心差异； D.They can connect different equipment through the Internet（它们可通过互联网连接不同的设备）: 设备联网是所有智能设备的基础属性，非核心区别。 2. C 细节理解题 根据第四段 In rainy weather, the system automatically activates urban drainage systems and pushes early flood warnings to all citizens（在降雨天气下，该系统会自动启动城市排水系统，并向全体市民发送早期洪水预警。）可知，智慧城市“数字大脑”在雨天的核心功能：启动排水系统、向市民推送洪水预警，完全匹配C选项It opens drainage gates and sends flood warnings（它开启泄洪闸门并发布洪水预警）。 错项排除： A. It adjusts traffic lights to avoid traffic jams(它调节交通灯避免交通堵塞)：调节红绿灯是日常缓堵功能，非雨天专属功能； B. It collects citizens' personal data for analysis（它收集公民的个人数据用于分析）.：数据收集是系统常态工作，和雨天应对措施无关； D.It provides online administrative services for residents（它为居民提供在线行政服务）：社区政务服务是AI机器人功能，不属于雨天应急功能。 3. D 细节判断题 根据第五段 Massive collection of personal living data creates serious privacy loopholes...（海量个人生活数据的收集造成了严重的隐私漏洞...）可知，隐私泄露，对应A选项； 根据Excessive AI dependence weakens people’s independent thinking and basic life abilities...（过多的AI依赖性削弱了人们的独立思考能力和基本生活能力）可知，独立思考能力退化，对应B选项；根据...... intelligent automation replaces numerous traditional posts, causing structural unemployment...(智能自动化取代了大量传统岗位，导致结构性失业)可知，传统岗位被替代，对应C选项。文章提及了隐私泄露、个人能力退化、结构性失业三大AI隐患，全程未提及“AI误诊医疗报告”相关内容，因此D为未提及选项。 错项排除：A、B、C三项均在原文第五段有明确对应内容，属于文中提到的AI风险，故排除。 4. C 作者态度题 根据第五段和第六段可知，文章先客观阐述AI带来的极大便利，再理性分析各类潜在风险，最后指出AI是不可逆趋势，需通过制度规范实现良性发展。作者既不全盘肯定、也不完全否定AI，而是辩证分析利弊，态度客观理性。故选C ：Objective and rational with balanced analysis.（客观合理，分析平衡）。 错项排除： A. Fully supportive and optimistic (完全支持且充满乐观)：未完全支持，重点强调了科技隐患与规范发展的必要性； B. Completely negative and worried(完全消极且忧心忡忡).：未全盘否定，认可AI是未来发展必然趋势； D.Doubtful and unwilling to accept new technology（对新技术持怀疑态度且不愿接受）：无质疑抵触情绪，仅主张理性规范发展。 B The rapid evolution of generative AI in 2026 has sparked global debates over future human life and job markets, perfectly fitting the unit theme Looking into the Future, which requires rational analysis of technological benefits and challenges. AI has replaced repetitive, mechanical work across industries, greatly boosting social efficiency. In programming, AI generates standard error-free code frameworks in minutes, freeing junior engineers from tedious basic work to focus on creative research and logical optimization. In medical care, AI tools rapidly analyze medical images to screen early lesions, improving diagnosis accuracy and benefiting remote areas short of professional medical resources. In agriculture, AI-controlled drones monitor crop growth and adjust water and fertilizer supply intelligently, effectively raising crop yields and safeguarding global food security. AI also brings comprehensive changes to ordinary people’s daily life. It formulates personalized learning plans for students based on their weak points, offers real-time translation for cross-language communication, and provides round-the-clock companionship and health monitoring for the elderly living alone. Intelligent technology has removed numerous life obstacles and greatly improved people’s quality of life. Nevertheless, AI’s huge potential comes with unavoidable social and ethical dilemmas. The most prominent problem is structural unemployment. A large number of repetitive posts such as assembly line workers and basic customer service staff are being eliminated by automation. Although new AI-related jobs emerge, traditional workers lack matching professional skills, and skill retraining is unaffordable for many low-income groups. Another critical problem is algorithmic bias and ethical confusion. AI models learn from existing human data, so inherent social prejudices in raw data will be amplified by algorithms, causing unfairness in recruitment, loan evaluation and other fields. Meanwhile, the blurred boundary between human and AI creation triggers widespread copyright disputes over AI-generated cultural works. Technology is always a double-edged sword. AI will neither create a perfect world nor lead to total disaster. Governments, enterprises and individuals should jointly establish sound AI supervision rules, ethical norms and vocational training systems. Only by maximizing technological advantages and restraining negative impacts can we build a more equitable, convenient and sustainable future. 5. What main benefit does AI bring to junior programmers according to Paragraph 2? A. It helps them finish all creative design work. B. It writes basic repetitive code to save their time. C. It can find all errors in the programs automatically. D. It provides professional training for young engineers. 6. Which ethical problem caused by AI is mentioned in the passage? A. AI robots may lose control and hurt human beings. B. AI medical tools may make wrong diagnoses and harm patients. C. Algorithmic bias leads to unfair treatment in recruitment and loans. D. AI translation tools may distort the original meaning of conversations. 7. What does the underlined phrase “a double-edged sword” in the last paragraph mean? A. Something that has both good and bad sides. B. A powerful tool that can completely change society. C. A dangerous technology that will bring huge disasters. D. A high-cost invention that only wealthy countries can use. 8. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. AI technology has greatly improved work efficiency in all industries. B. The wide application of AI will cause serious unemployment worldwide. C. We should strictly restrict the development of AI to avoid ethical risks. D. AI brings great benefits as well as challenges, and joint efforts are needed to develop it properly. 【答案】5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 【导语】本文是一篇科技议论文，主要介绍了2026年生成式AI全面赋能各行各业与日常生活，极大提升生产生活效率，但同时引发结构性失业、算法偏见、版权争议等社会与伦理问题，科技是双刃剑，需要多方协同完善监管与规范，实现AI可持续良性发展。 【解析】 5.B 细节理解题 根据第二段AI generates standard error-free code frameworks in minutes, freeing junior engineers from tedious basic work to focus on creative research and logical optimization.（AI 可在几分钟内生成无标准误差的代码框架，使初级工程师免于繁琐的基础工作，专注于创新性研究与逻辑优化。）可知，AI可快速完成繁琐的基础代码编写工作，让初级工程师摆脱重复劳动、专注创新，对应B选项 It writes basic repetitive code to save their time.“编写基础重复代码、节省时间”。 A. It helps them finish all creative design work.这有助于他们完成所有创意设计工作 C. It can find all errors in the programs automatically.它能自动检测程序中的所有错误。 D. It provides professional training for young engineers.该机构为年轻工程师提供专业培训。 错项排除： A：AI仅辅助基础工作，创意设计仍需人工，并非完成所有创意工作； C：原文未提及AI自动排查所有程序错误； D：文章无AI为工程师提供专业培训的相关表述。 6. C 细节理解题 根据第五段...... inherent social prejudices in raw data will be amplified by algorithms, causing unfairness in recruitment, loan evaluation and other fields(原始数据中固有的社会偏见会被算法放大，导致招聘、贷款评估及其他领域出现不公平现象。)可知，算法偏见会放大社会固有歧视，造成招聘、贷款评估中的不公，对应C选项：Algorithmic bias leads to unfair treatment in recruitment and loans.（算法偏见会导致招聘和贷款过程中出现不公平待遇）。 A. AI robots may lose control and hurt human beings.人工智能机器人可能失控并对人类造成伤害 B. AI medical tools may make wrong diagnoses and harm patients. 人工智能医疗工具可能产生误诊并危害患者健康 D. AI translation tools may distort the original meaning of conversations. 人工智能翻译工具可能会扭曲对话的原意 错项排除： A、B、D：文章全程未提及AI机器人失控伤人、医疗误诊、翻译失真等问题，均属于无中生有。 7.A 词义猜测题 根据全文以及最后一段可知，前文大篇幅阐述AI的便捷优势，又详细列举社会伦理弊端，尾段用该短语总结AI的双重属性。“a double-edged sword”为固定表达，意为“双刃剑”，指代事物兼具利弊、好坏两面。故选A项： Something that has both good and bad sides.（事物既有优点也有缺点。） B. A powerful tool that can completely change society.一个能够彻底改变社会的强大工具。 C. A dangerous technology that will bring huge disasters.一项将引发巨大灾难的危险技术。 D. A high-cost invention that only wealthy countries can use. 一项成本高昂、仅富裕国家才能使用的发明 错项排除： B：仅强调科技的变革力量，未体现弊端； C：片面夸大危害，忽略AI的巨大优势； D：文章未提及AI成本高、仅限富国使用。 8. D 主旨大意题 全文总分总结构 开头：AI引发关于利弊的热议；中间：分段阐述各行各业优势+失业、伦理弊端；结尾：需多方协作规范AI发展。文章核心是辩证论述AI的利弊，并提出协同治理的解决办法，故选D项AI brings great benefits as well as challenges, and joint efforts are needed to develop it properly（AI 既带来巨大益处，也存在诸多挑战，需要各方共同努力才能妥善推进其发展。） A. AI technology has greatly improved work efficiency in all industries. 人工智能技术已显著提升了所有行业的工作效率。 B. The wide application of AI will cause serious unemployment worldwide. 人工智能的广泛应用将导致全球范围内严重的失业问题。 C. We should strictly restrict the development of AI to avoid ethical risks. 我们必须严格限制人工智能的发展，以避免伦理风险。 错项排除： A：仅片面概括AI优势，未涵盖弊端与对策，内容片面； B：仅提及弊端，忽略核心优势，概括不完整； C：观点错误，文章不主张严格限制AI，而是规范引导发展。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Looking into the Future 词汇 一、阅读词汇 单词 1. ______________________ n.短语；词组 2. ______________________ adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 & vt.获得；栓牢；保护 3. ______________________ n.旋钮；球形把手 4. ______________________ n. 电器；器具 5. ______________________adj. 自动的 6. ______________________adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 7. ______________________ n. 传感器；敏感元件 8. ______________________ n. 模式；方式；风格 9. ______________________ n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的 10. ______________________ n. 警告；警示；先兆 11. ______________________ adj. 不正常的；反常的 12. ______________________ n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 13. ______________________ adv. 潜在地；可能地 14. ______________________ vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 15. ______________________ adj. 电的；用电的 16. ______________________n. 电线线路；线路系统 17. ______________________vt. 发现；查明 18. ______________________adj. 有关的；有意义的 19. ______________________ n. 幻想；想象 20. ______________________ n. 创新；创造 21. ______________________ adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 22. ______________________ n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 23. ______________________ n. 保护措施；安全工作 24. ______________________ n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 25. ______________________ n. 纳米机器人 26. ______________________ vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物（或植物） 27. ______________________ vt. 预测；预言；预料 28. ______________________vt.&n. 预测；预报 29. ______________________ n. 职业；占领 30. ______________________ vi.&vt. (使) 停止；终止 31. ______________________ n. 强调；重视；重要性 32. ______________________ n. 奢华 33. ______________________ n. 职业；事业 34. ______________________ n. 可能性；前景 35. ______________________ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 36. ______________________ n. 路标 37. ______________________ n. 文章 38. ______________________ adj. 精确的；准确的 短语 1. ______________________遥控器；遥控 2. ______________________ 空调机；空调设备 3. ______________________ 日常生活 4. ______________________在初期；早先 5. ______________________ 着火 6. _____________________人工智能 7. ______________________一直；始终 二、写作词汇： 1.______________________ vt. 转换；交换 vi.&vt.(使) 改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 2.______________________ adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 3.______________________adj. 效率高的；有功效的 4.______________________ n. 爱好；偏爱 5.______________________ n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 6.______________________n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 7.______________________ vi.&vt. 服从；遵守 8.______________________ adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 9.______________________ adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 10.______________________ adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性 11.______________________ adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 12.______________________ vt.&vi. (使) 结合；混合 13.______________________n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 14.______________________adj. 乡村的；农村的 15.______________________vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 16.______________________ vt. 劝说；说服 短语 1. ______________________关 / 开（电灯、机器等） 2. ______________________ 从这种意义上来讲 3. ______________________（与……）保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况） 4. ______________________被设定程序去做…… 5. ______________________掌握…… 的最新情况；记录 6. ______________________阻止…… 做某事 7. ______________________为…… 提供…… 8. ______________________ 缺乏；在没有…… 的情况下 9. ______________________而不是 10. ______________________ 一方面…… 另一方面…… 11. ______________________代替；取代 12. ______________________ 重视；强调 13. ______________________在我看来 14. ______________________ 旨在；意在；应该做 15. ______________________ 一…… 就…… 16. ______________________此外；另外 17. ______________________ 允许某人做某事 18. ______________________从…… 中获益 19. ______________________ 有点儿；稍微 20. ______________________总而言之 21. ______________________轮流做某事 三、词汇变形： 1.persuade v. 劝说；说服 →________________n. 劝说；说服力 → ________________adj. 有说服力的 2.distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 → ________________n. 距离；间距；疏远 3.secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护 → ________________n. 安全；安保措施 → ________________adv. 牢固地；安心地 4.automatic adj. 自动的 → ________________adv. 自动地 → ________________n. 自动化 5.integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 → ________________vi.&vt.(使) 合并；成为一体 → ________________n. 融合；一体化 6.sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 → ________________n. 感官；感觉 v. 感知，察觉到 → ________________adj. 敏感的 7.efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的 → ________________n. 效率；效能 → ________________adv. 高效地 8.preference n. 爱好；偏爱 → ________________v. 更喜欢；偏好 9.instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 → ________________adv. 立刻，马上& conj.一......就...... 10.command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 → ________________n. 指挥官；负责人 11.obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守 → ________________adj. 顺从的，听话的 → ________________n. 服从，顺从 12.warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 → ________________v. 警告，警示 13.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 → ________________adv. 不断地；时常 → ________________n. 恒定；忠贞不渝 14.abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 → ________________adj. 正常的 → ________________adv. 正常地 → ________________adv. 反常地 15.critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 → ________________adv. 严重地；批判性地 → ________________n. 批评者；评论家 → ________________n. 批评；评论 16.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 → ________________adj. 潜在的；可能的 n. 潜力；可能性 17.electrical adj. 电的；用电的 → ________________adj. 电动的；发电的 → ________________n. 电；电能 18.wire n. 电线；金属丝 vt. 接通电源；将…… 连接到 → ________________n. 线路系统 → ________________adj. 有线的 → ________________adj. 无线的 19.detect vt. 发现；查明 → ________________n. 探测；察觉 → ________________n. 侦探 20.relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 → ________________n. 相关性 → ________________adv. 相关地 21.fantasy n. 幻想；想象 → ________________adj. 极好的；空想的 → ________________v. 幻想，想象 22.innovation n. 创新；创造 → ________________v. 创新，革新 → ________________adj. 创新的 23.available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 → ________________v. 利用；有益于 → ________________n. 可用性；可得性 24.structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织 → ________________adj. 结构的 → ________________adj. 有条理的 25.crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 → ________________adj. 犯罪的 n. 罪犯 26.combine vt.&vi.(使) 结合；混合→ ________________n. 结合；组合→ ________________adj. 组合在一起的 27.artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 → ________________adv. 人工地；人为地 28.predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 → ________________n. 预测；预言 29.occupation n. 职业；占领 → ________________v. 占据；从事（职业）→ ________________adj.已占用的；使用中的；无空闲的 30.oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 → ________________adj. 相反的 n. 对立面 → ________________n. 反对；反对派→________________n.反对者；对手 31.absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 → ________________adj. 缺席的；缺少的 32.advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 → ________________n. 倡导；支持 33.emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性 → ________________v. 强调；重视 34.luxury n. 奢华 → ________________adj. 奢华的；奢侈的 35.resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 → ________________n. 抵制；阻力 36.accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 → ________________n. 精准度；准确 → ________________adv. 精确地 37.librarian n. 图书管理员 → ________________n. 图书馆 38.remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 → ________________adv. 遥远地；丝毫，微弱地 → ________________n. 遥远；疏远 四、熟词生义 1. persuade 熟义：vt. 劝说；说服 生义：______________________ 例句： It was the lack of privacy that eventually persuaded us to move after Ben was born.   正是因为缺少隐私感才最终迫使我们在本出生后搬了家。 2. switch 熟义：vt&vi. 转换；交换；改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 生义：______________________________________ 例句： I can't work next weekend—will you switch with me? 下个周末我不能上班—咱俩调个班好不好？ 3. remote 熟义：adj. 偏僻的；（时间上）久远的；；远程的 生义：_____________________________________ 例句：There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。 4. command 熟义：n.指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制 生义：________________________________________ 例句：(2021·北京卷)You should have a good command of either English or French. 你应该精通英语或法语中的任何一个。 5. structure 熟义：n.结构；体系 vt.系统安排；精心组织 生义：______________________ 例句：（2024·全国一卷）This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. 这座名为“温室”的美丽建筑位于一座新花园的中心，展示了丝绸之路在现代对英国花园的影响。 6.emphasis 熟义：n. 强调；重视；重要性 生义：____________________________________________ 例句：‘I can assure you,’ she added with emphasis, ‘the figures are correct.’ “我可以向你保证，”她加重语气补充道，“这些数字是正确的。” 写作 句型 1. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. the instant: 连词词组, 引导时间状语从句，译为“一…… 就……”= as soon as = immediately = directly = instantly = the moment = the minute 译文：当你走进家门的那一刻，你的灯就会亮起来，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。 _______________________________________, I knew he was my old friend. 我一看见他，就认出他是我的老朋友。 2. Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 固定句式：It takes / took/ will take some time before......, 译为“多长时间才......./ ......需要多长时间” 译文：然而，大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 ①________________________________________ you can speak a foreign language fluently. 要花好几个月，你才能流利地说一门外语。 ②_______________________________________ he fully adapted to the rural school life. 过了将近半年，他才完全适应乡村校园生活。 ③______________________________________ before you achieve your dream of being a librarian. 要很久之后，你才能实现成为图书管理员的梦想。 3.Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. 本句是主系表结构，表语“probably the most well-known”置于句首，构成完全倒装句，目的是突出 “最出名的群体”，平衡句子。 译文：或许最广为人知的便是阿米什人，他们是居住在美国乡村的基督教群体。 ___________________________________________, telling a very absurd story. 更有趣的是他的电影，讲述了一个非常荒诞的故事。 4.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 固定句式：make it +adj./ n. +for sb. + to do sth, 译为“使做某事对某人来说是…… 的”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。 译文：此外，互联网使朋友和家人保持联系成为可能，即使他们在世界的两端。 Smart appliances ____________________________________________ our houses. 智能电器让我们轻松管控房屋。 This rule____________________________________________ electricity. 这条规定让节约用电成为我们的责任。 语法 将来进行时 写作 一篇探讨科技带来的种种变革的议论文 一、知识点精讲 1.（2020-2022年考查两次）persuade vt. 劝说；说服；使相信；使信服 短语： persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 persuade sb that ...... 使某人相信...... He tried to ________ ________ ________ his innocence. 他试图使我相信他是无辜的。 It will be difficult to_________________ ______ _ there's no other choice.很难让他们相信别无选择。 （2022·全国二卷）Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to _______________________________ their phones when they are behind the wheel. 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。 （2020·全国三卷）I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to______________________ smiling. 我知道店员会有多生气，但我试着说服他们保持微笑。 【词汇拓展】 1 persuasion n. 说服，劝服；说服力 After a little gentle________ ________ , he agreed to come. 耐心劝说一下，他就同意来了。 ② persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的 He can be very ________ . 他有时很会说服人。 ③ persuasively adv. 令人信服地；口才好地 2.（2026年考查一次）preference n. 爱好；偏爱 （2026·全国一卷）For instance, interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user’s ______________ and responses. 短语： have a preference for sth 偏爱某物；更喜欢某物 give preference to sb/sth 给......以优惠；优待 in preference to sth 而不是 I ____________________________ automatic home appliances. 我更喜欢智能家居电器。 The system ____________________________ safe modes. 该系统优先选用安全模式。 I choose remote control ____________________________ manual operation. 我选遥控操作，而非手动操作。 【词汇拓展】 （2018-2024年考查六次）prefer vt. 更喜爱，宁可 短语： prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A prefer doing A to doing B 比起做后者，更喜欢做前者= prefer to do A rather than do B （2021·全国一卷）We ____________________________ emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 我们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能，既可以用于好的目的，也可以用于坏的目的。 （2018·全国二卷）You prefer healthy food ___________ fast food. 比起快餐，你更喜欢健康食品。 I prefer to cook at home____________________________ on weekends. 周末我宁愿在家做饭，也不愿出去吃。 Most people ____________________________ at home to going out on cold days. 天冷的时候，大多数人比起出门更喜欢待在家里。 2. command n.指令；命令；控制 ；精通；掌握 & vt. 命令；控制 短语： in command of 指挥；控制 under one’s command 由某人统率或支配 take/have command of 控制；管辖 have (a) good command of 掌握；精通 command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that ......(should) do sth 命令....做某事（从句中用虚拟语气，should可省略） He has 1,200 men ____________________________. 他掌管着1 200人。 He ____________________________1 200 men. 有1 200人由他管辖。 The police arrived and ____________________________ the situation. 警察到达后就控制了局势。 For the first time in years, she felt ____________________________ her life. 多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。 Applicants will be expected to____________________________ English. 申请人必须精通英语。 As time was limited, the manager _____________________________________________the work as scheduled. 由于时间有限，经理命令工人们按时完成工作。 He commanded that all the gates _________________________when it was getting dark in case thieves came in. 他下令：天色渐暗时，所有大门都必须关闭，以防窃贼入侵。 3. in this sense 在这种意义上 "Wealth"______________________ is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy. 在这个意义上，“财富”并不是钱，因为我们不是靠钱生活，而是靠钱能买到的东西生活 【词汇拓展】 (2017-2026年考查十三次) sense n. 感觉官能;理解力；判断力;意义；含义 vt.感觉到；意识到 短语： ____________________________ 成就感 ____________________________ 责任感 ____________________________ 归属感 ____________________________方向感 ____________________________ 一种兴奋感 ____________________________ 在那种意义上 ____________________________从许多方面来说 ____________________________决不 ____________________________从某种意义上说 ____________________________讲得通，有道理 ____________________________搞清.......的意思；理解 ____________________________更深入的了解 ____________________________做某事没意义 翻译下列句子 (2026·全国二卷) This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2024·全国一卷) This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2023·全国一卷) In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2022·全国一卷) She has gained a sense of achievement from the program. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2022·全国一卷)Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience next. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2021·全国二卷) What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2019·全国二卷) In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2019·全国二卷)The author likes doing volunteer work because it gives her a sense of duty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2019·全国三卷) China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2018·全国一卷) Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ (2017·全国二卷)Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.（2018-2024年考查五次）combine vt. & vi. （使）结合；混合 短语： combine ......with/and.......把......与......结合起来；把......与......融为一体；兼有......和......；兼做......和...... (2019·全国三卷)The researchers then tested how the monkeys ____________(combine)—or added—the symbols to get the reward. 然后，研究人员测试了猴子如何组合或添加这些符号来获得奖励。 She has successfully combined a career and/with bringing up a family. 她成功地兼顾了事业和抚养子女。 They have successfully ____________ the old ____________the new in this room. 他们在这个房间里成功地把古老和现代的风格融为一体。 (2018·全国三卷)The study of traditions ________________________ practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty. 学习传统应与实践相结合。否则，传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的。 【词汇拓展】 (2019-2014年考查三次) combination n.  结合体；结合，联合 (2023·全国一卷)With the right____________(combine) of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. 5.（2019-2023年考查三次）oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 oppose sth反对某事 oppose doing sth 反对做某事 I would ________________________the law.我将反对改变这个法规。 (2017·全国三卷) Many farmers ____________(oppose) the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. 【词汇拓展】 ①opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 be opposed to (doing) sth 反对（做）某事 Some students _____________________________ the decision,thinking that it would limit their freedom. 一些学生反对这个决定，认为这将限制他们的自由。 ②opposite adj. 对面的；相反的（用在名词前做定语）& n.对立的人（或物）；对立面；反面 &prep. 与…相对；在…对面 We live further down on the____________side of the road. 我们住在马路对面再远一点的地方。 The bank is____________the supermarket. 银行在超市的正对面。 (2025·全国二卷) But the ____________ happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 但相反的情况发生了：她被淹没了，仅在2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。 ③opposition n.反对，反抗 in opposition to sb/sth反对某人/某事;对比；对照 Protest marches were held ______________________ the proposed law. 为抗议新提出的法规举行了示威游行 Leisure is often defined in opposition to work. 休闲常被定义为工作的反面。 ④opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者 (2025·全国一卷) In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the____________ into your trap and force them to follow your ‘guidance’ till they lose. 在围棋比赛中，每一步棋都应服务于长远目标。你需要引导对手落入你的陷阱，并迫使他们遵循你的“指引”，直至其落败。 6. （2025-2026年考查两次）resist vt.& vi. 反抗；抵挡；抵制；忍住 (2026·全国二卷) The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. 关键在于让他们经历一些困难——当他们遇到挫折时，要克制住立即帮忙解决问题的冲动。 (2025·全国一卷) My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I _________, thinking he should call first. 我妻子建议我联系我的弟弟，但我拒绝了，认为他应该先打电话。 短语： resist doing sth 抵制/反对做某事 can’t resist doing sth 禁不住做某事；忍不住做某事 =______________________________ The bank strongly______________________ interest rates. 银行强烈反对降低利率。 He couldn't ___________________________________his new car. 他忍不住炫耀起了他的新车。 【词汇拓展】 ① resistant adj. 抵抗的；抵制的；抗......的 be resistant to ....... 抵抗...... Elderly people are not always ______________________ change. 上了年纪的人并不总是抵制变革。 2 resistance n. 抵抗；抵抗力 resistance to sb/sth 抵抗某人/某事；抵制某人/某事 The demonstrators offered little or no ___________________the police. 示威者几乎没有对警察进行任何反抗。 There has been a lot of______________________this new law. 这项新的法规已经遇到很多的抵制。 【易混辨析】 resist doing sth ①反对做某事，=oppose doing ②克制自己不去做某事（忍住）③对抗外来力量、阻碍； 侧重克制自身欲望 / 抵挡外部施压 oppose doing 反对做某事，公开反对、不赞同（观点 / 计划 / 行为），侧重立场、态度 二、核心语法精讲 将来进行时 一．定义：将来进行时用于表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作或状态或者在将来某一段时间一直在进行的动作或状态，强调动作的持续性。 二．基本结构 将来进行时由 will/shall + be + 动词现在分词（-ing） 构成, shall用于第一人称，一般情况下，常用will。 1. 肯定句：主语 + will be + 现在分词 例：I will be studying for my exam tomorrow afternoon. 我明天下午将正在复习考试 2.否定句：主语 + will not be + 现在分词，缩写为 won't be + 现在分词 例：They won't be having dinner at that time. 他们那时将不在吃饭 3.一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 例：Will you be working late tonight? 你今晚会工作到很晚吗？ 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 现在分词？ 例：Where will they be staying during their vacation? 他们度假期间将住在哪里？ 三．将来进行时的用法 1. 表示最近或较远的将来正在进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 ①The bus will be leaving in a minute. 公交车很快就要开了。 ②In the future, we will/shall be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. 在未来，我们将每天运用先进技术来实现家中几乎所有设备的自动控制。 2.表示已计划好的事。 ①We will/shall be taking a test at this time tomorrow. 明天这个时候我们将在考试。 ②Don’t call her between 2:30 pm and 3:00 pm. I will be taking a nap. 下午 2 点半到 3 点之间不要给我打电话，我那时在午休。 ③Sorry,I can’t meet you at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon, because I will be playing soccer then. 抱歉，我明天下午五点无法与您见面，因为那时我要踢足球。 3.有时也用来委婉地提出请求或者表达其他含义。 A:—Will you be passing the shop? 你将会经过商店吗？ B:—Probably. Why? 可能吧。怎么了？ A:—I need some salt and sugar. 我需要一些盐和糖。 B:—OK. I’ll get some for you. 好吧，我给你买回来。 【练一练】用将来进行时完成句子 1.明天上午九点，我正在上英语课。 At 9 o’clock tomorrow morning, I ___________________________ an English class. 2.今晚八点别打扰我，我那时正在看一部科普纪录片。 Don’t disturb me at 8 tonight. I ___________________________ a science documentary. 3.十分钟后，列车即将驶离车站。 In ten minutes, the train ___________________________ the station. 4.我姐姐明年就要出国留学了。 My sister ___________________________ abroad next year. 5.本周五下午我们将开展一场关于未来科技的讨论会。 We ___________________________a discussion about future technology this Friday afternoon. 6.科学家们下周将开展这项太空实验。 7.The scientists ___________________________the space experiment next week. 8.接下来几年，他们将修建更多智慧社区。 They___________________________more smart communities in the following years. 四．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 (1) 将来进行时通常表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作；一般将来时通常表示将来某一时刻将会进行的动作或事件。 What will you be doing at 8:00 tonight? 今晚 8 点你将会在做什么呢？ What will you do tonight? 你今晚打算干什么？ (2) 将来进行时有时只单纯表示将来或按计划进行的事，而一般将来时则具有其他的意味。 I will be attending the online lecture this evening. 我今晚将参加线上讲座。 (表示将来，按计划进行) I will attend the online lecture this evening. 我今晚要参加线上讲座。(表示意愿，也可能表示许诺) Will you be coming to join us for lunch tomorrow? 你明天会和我们一起吃午饭吗？ (询问计划) Will you come join us for lunch tomorrow? 你明天来和我们一起吃午饭吗？ (发出邀请) 【巩固练习】 1. 明天晚上八点，我正在我正在复习我的功课。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们小组将会讨论如何高效完成这个课题。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.下周这个时候，同学们正在进行英语测试。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.周日下午三点，他正在图书馆查阅相关参考资料。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.我将会抽出空闲时间巩固薄弱的语法知识点。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.老师将会推荐几本适合课外阅读的英文小说。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.她将会制定一份合理的暑期学习计划。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.下个月此时，很多学生正在参加学科竞赛。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 1) 写作主题 围绕现代科技发展，探讨科技给生活、学习、社交、社会带来的种种变革，可从积极赋能和双面利弊两个角度立意，贴合科技进步与时代发展的单元主题。 2) 文体类型 观点类议论文，以现象分析+利弊评述+个人观点升华为主，词数80–100词，高中高频应试题型。 3) 写作核心要求 现象层面：简述科技飞速发展、改变日常生活； 论述层面：或者侧重科技便利与进步，或者辩证分析利弊双面性； 升华层面：表达理性看待、合理利用科技的个人态度； 语法加分：熟练运用非限制性定语从句、非谓语作状语、名词性从句、倒装句等高级句式。 2. 写作框架（三段式万能模板） 第一段：开篇点题，引出话题（1–2句） 总述科技飞速发展，全方位重塑现代生活，用非限制性定语从句开篇，点明科技带来巨大变革。 第二段：主体论述，分层阐释（3–4句） 正向角度：列举科技便利，打破时空限制、便利学习沟通、提升生活效率、推动社会进步； 辩证角度：先肯定科技便利，再转折指出弊端，沉迷电子产品、弱化现实交往、影响身心健康。 第三段：结尾升华，发表观点（2句） 总结科技价值，提出青少年应理性对待、合理利用科技，扬长避短，让科技为生活赋能。 3. 写作素材 一）高级核心词汇 ___________________________v. 彻底改变；重塑 ___________________________ v. 重新塑造 ___________________________ adj. 迅速的 ___________________________ adj. 高效的 ___________________________adj. 便利的 ___________________________ adj. 不可避免的 ___________________________adj. 理性的 ___________________________adj. 有益的 ___________________________adj. 消极的；有害的 ___________________________ adj. 意义重大的 二）高分核心短语 ____________________________________ 随着……的飞速发展 ___________________________________ 打破时空界限 ___________________________________ 提升学习生活效率 ____________________________ ______ 便利日常交流 ___________________________________ 沉迷数码设备 ____________________________ _______ 弱化面对面交流 ____________________________ _______ 对……产生负面影响 ___________________________ ________ 在AB之间保持平衡 __________________________ _________ 充分利用 三）分级模板句型（含单元核心语法） 1. 开篇引入句型（定语从句高分） With the rapid advancement of modern technology, our life has been greatly transformed, ________ brings us numerous changes. 随着现代科技飞速发展，我们的生活被极大重塑，这为我们带来了无数改变。 Modern technology is developing fast, ________ reshapes every aspect of our daily life. 现代科技发展迅猛，重塑了我们日常生活的方方面面。 2. 主体正向论述句型（非谓语+定语从句） ________ (break) the limits of time and space, technology allows us to study and work online anytime. 科技打破时空限制，让我们随时线上学习工作。 It offers abundant learning resources, ________ greatly improves our study efficiency. 它提供丰富的学习资源，极大提升我们的学习效率。 3. 辩证转折句型（万能提分） Although technology brings unprecedented convenience, it also causes some unavoidable problems. 虽然科技带来前所未有的便利，也引发了一些不可避免的问题。 Every coin has two sides, and technology is no exception. 万物皆有两面，科技亦是如此。 4. 弊端描述句型 ________ (spend) too much time on screens, many teenagers ignore real-life communication. 许多青少年沉迷屏幕，忽视了现实交往。 This habit may exert a bad influence on their physical and mental health. 这种习惯会对他们的身心健康造成不良影响。 5. 结尾升华句型（强调句+定语从句） _________ ________ rational use of technology___________ makes our life better. 正是对科技的理性使用让生活更美好。 We should strike a balance,________ helps us benefit more from modern technology. 我们应当保持平衡，这能让我们从现代科技中获益更多。 4. 范文背诵 范文一 Great Changes Brought by Technology With the rapid advancement of modern technology, our daily life has been greatly transformed, which brings us countless benefits and profound social changes. Modern technology perfectly breaks the boundaries of time and space, making our study, work and daily life far more efficient. We can gain abundant and diverse learning resources online and communicate with people around the world conveniently at any time. Besides, advanced transportation and medical technology greatly improve people’s living standards and promote social progress steadily. Technology is undoubtedly a powerful helper in our modern life. We teenagers should cherish the convenience it brings and make full and rational use of it to enrich ourselves and create a more promising future for society. 范文二 The Double-edged Sword of Modern Technology Modern technology is developing rapidly all over the world, which profoundly reshapes people’s lifestyles and every aspect of social life. It provides us with great convenience in academic study, daily work and interpersonal communication. However, every coin has two sides. While enjoying its benefits, many teenagers are easily obsessed with digital devices. This bad habit weakens their face-to-face interaction with others and even exerts negative effects on their physical and mental health. As far as I am concerned, technology itself is neither good nor bad. The key lies in how we use it. We must treat it rationally and strike a balance between digital life and real life to let technology serve us better. 易错点01 rather than /more than/other than 【错因辨析】 1.rather than 而不是,表示取舍，肯定前者，否定后者。（高考高频） 平行原则，前后词性 / 形式一致；后接动词原形最常见。 ①后接名词 / 代词 I’d like tea rather than coffee. 我想要茶，而不是咖啡。 It is he rather than you who is to blame. 该受责备的是他，而不是你。 ②后接动词（最高频考点） 情况 1：平行结构，前后形式一致 She enjoys reading rather than watching TV. 她喜欢阅读，而不是看电视。 I decided to call him rather than send an email.（第二个 to 常省略） 我决定打电话给他，而不是发邮件。 情况 2：最常考：would do…rather than do（后面直接用动词原形）：宁愿做...而不愿做...;与其做（后者）不如做（前者） He would wait rather than take a taxi. 他宁愿等待，也不愿打车。 Rather than waste time, we should start immediately. 与其浪费时间，我们不如立刻行动。 ③后接形容词 She seems excited rather than worried. 她看起来很兴奋，而非担忧。 ④后接介词短语 We travel by bike rather than by car. 我们骑自行车出行，而不是开车。 ⑤位置灵活：可置于句首 Rather than give up, he kept on practising. 他没有放弃，而是坚持练习。 2.more than (高考高频) 三层常考含义： ①more than+数词：多于，超过 （高考考查最多） He has more than 200 books. 他有两百多本书。 ② more than (just) +n：不仅仅；不只是（高考高频） Music is more than just entertainment. 音乐不仅仅是娱乐。 ③more than + adj./adv：极其，非常 I am more than glad to help you. 我非常乐意帮助你。 ④more than + 从句：难以……；超出……所能 The problem is more than I can handle. 这个问题超出了我的能力范围。 That is more than I can bear. 那是我无法忍受的。 3. other than 除了…… 之外 = except I have no friends here other than you. 除了你之外，我在这儿没有别的朋友。 You can’t enter the lab other than working hours. 除了工作时间，你不能进入实验室。 【对点训练】用rather than,more than, other than 填空。 1. (2026·全国一卷) You do ________________ just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an extension of your family. 【答案】more than 2. (2025·全国一卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China ________________ 4,000 years ago. 3.(2024·全国二卷）______________watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. 4.(2024·全国二卷）Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness ________________ our downfall. 5.(2023·全国一卷)As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was________________ two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. 6.(2021·全国二卷) Keep the room cool ________________warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 7.(2021·全国一卷) ________________getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? 8.(2020·全国二卷) Oranges: Orange trees are ________________decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. 9.(2019·全国二卷)"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, ________________ 'Are you working towards your goal?' 10. (2018·全国三卷)"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories ________________ focusing on Chinese traditions. 易错点02 in place of / take the place of / take place 【错因辨析】 1. take place （事件、活动预先安排、有计划地）发生，举行 不及物动词短语，无宾语，无被动语态 错误：The meeting was taken place. 正确：The meeting took place yesterday. The sports meeting will take place next Friday. 运动会将于下周五举行。 Great changes have taken place in our hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 (2026·全国一卷) Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. 大集市（又称大型露天集市）通常在农历特定日期举行，例如以五或七为末位数字的日期。 2. take the place of sb./sth. 取代、接替某人 / 某物 动词短语，可以直接作句子谓语 = replace sb./sth. 例句： Robots will not take the place of humans completely. 机器人不会完全取代人类。 Nobody can take the place of your parents. 没有人能够取代你的父母。 3. in place of sb./sth. 代替…… 介词短语，不能充当谓语,常常作状语= instead of ；若作谓语，必须和be动词连用；be+in place of sb/sth =take the place of sth/sb I used plastic bags in place of paper bags. 我用塑料袋代替纸袋。 （谓语动词：used；in place of 只是状语） Lily will be in place of Lucy for the volunteer work tomorrow. 明天莉莉会代替露西做志愿工作。 He attended the meeting in place of his manager. 他代替经理出席了会议。 【对点训练】 1. (2026·全国一卷) Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically______________________ on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. 2.(2020·全国一卷) We expect that the glowing plants will ____________________ power plants in the future. 3.Many new energy vehicles will ____________________traditional fuel cars in the near future as people pay more attention to environmental protection. 4.The school sports meeting____________________ every October to encourage students to keep exercising. 5.Most teenagers prefer to take part in outdoor sports ____________________staying indoors alone and playing online games all weekend. 易错点03 which在非限制性定语从句中的用法和that的用法 【错因辨析】 1.which 在非限制性定语从句中的用法 ①which 指代前面事物名词或者词组（指物） which在非限制性定语从句作主语或宾语，指代前面一个词或者词组 结构：先行词，which+从句 The park, which we visited last weekend, is very beautiful. 我们上周末看的那个公园非常漂亮。 which 指代 the park，逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句。 ②which 指代前面完整一句话（高考高频考点） which在非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代前面整个句子 结构：完整主句，which + 从句 ； 译为：这一点 / 这件事 She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit.她和家人骑自行车上班，这有助于保持身体健康。 which指代前面整句话，逗号隔开，引导非限制性定语从句 He lost his new bike, which made him very upset. 他弄丢了新自行车，这让他非常沮丧。 ③介词+ which 介词后只能用 which，绝对不能用 that。 The wooden bridge, on which many tourists take photos, dates back to 100 years ago. 很多游客在这座木桥上拍照，它已有百年历史。 The house, in which we lived last year, is very comfortable. ④代词/数词/the +n.+of +which 先行词为复数事物，逗号隔开,非限制性从句, 译为：其中…… ⑴数词 + of which（基数词、分数、百分数） There are hundreds of new machines, two thirds of which work automatically. 这里有数百台新机器，其中三分之二可以自动运转。 He bought many books, ten of which are about new energy. 他买了很多书，其中十本是关于新能源的。 ⑵不定代词 + of which（all, some, many, most, none, several，both，none, neither） The city has many parks, most of which are filled with green plants. 这座城市有很多公园，其中大部分种满绿植。 There are several power stations, all of which produce electricity day and night. 这里有几座发电站，全都日夜发电。 ⑶ the + 名词 + of which = whose + 名词 表示所属关系，“…… 的” I saw a gold watch, the hands of which were made of diamond. = I saw a gold watch, whose hands were made of diamond. 我看见了一块金表，它的指针由钻石制成。 They visited a lab, the windows of which face the sea. =They visited a lab, whose windows face the sea. 他们参观了一间实验室，实验室的窗户面朝大海。 2.that 在定语从句中的用法 （1）that只引导限制性定语从句（高考常考），不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以在非限制性定语从句中，绝不能用关系代词that，这是最容易错的知识点。 that引导限制性定语从句，指代事物，在从句中作主语，宾语，也可以用which。 The power plant that/which we visited last week saves much energy. 我们上周参观的发电厂节约大量能源。 从句和主句之间没有逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词是the power plant ,发电厂是物，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that或which。 I like the article that/which appeared in 2020 National Paper Ⅰ. 我喜欢 2020 年全国一卷刊登的那篇文章。 从句和主句之间没有逗号，是限制性定语从句，先行词是the article,指物，在从句中作主语，关系代词用that或which。 （2）用that不用which的情况 ① 先行词包含「人 + 物」 We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们聊了我们拜访过的老师和学校。 ②先行词被最高级修饰 This is the most useful technology that I have ever seen. 这是我见过最实用的技术。 ③先行词被序数词修饰 The first thing that we should do is save energy. 我们第一件要做的事是节约能源。 ④先行词被 all, everything, nothing, little, much 不定代词修饰 All that he said is about new energy plants. 他所说的一切都是关于新能源植物。 ⑤先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰 This is the only way that can reduce power waste. 这是唯一能减少电力浪费的办法。 【对点训练】 1.（2026·全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ___________ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026·全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 3.（2025·全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 4.（2024·全国一卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 5.（2022·全国一卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 6.（2021·全国二卷）I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company ________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 7.（2019·全国二卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. 8.（2018·全国一卷Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes 9.（2017·全国一卷·）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,  70  is not good for the health. 一、默写重点单词 1.___________________ adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 & vt.获得；栓牢；保护 2.___________________n. 警告；警示；先兆 3.___________________adj. 不正常的；反常的 4.___________________ adv. 潜在地；可能地 5.___________________ adj. 有关的；有意义的 6.___________________ vt. 预测；预言；预料 7.___________________n. 强调；重视；重要性 8.___________________ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 9.___________________ adj. 精确的；准确的 10.___________________ adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 11.___________________ adj. 乡村的；农村的 12.___________________vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 13.___________________ 关 / 开（电灯、机器等） 14.___________________着火 15.___________________从这种意义上来讲 16.___________________缺乏；在没有…… 的情况下 17.___________________在初期；早先 二、词汇运用 1.After talking with my parents for three hours last night, I finally ________________ (劝说) them to allow me to join the mountain volunteer program. 2.We can catch sight of faint lights from the _______________ (遥远的) hills when we stand on the top of the mountain at dusk. 3.With the new intelligent equipment, all the workers finished their tasks much more ______________ (高效的) than they did five years ago. 4.This special medicine can bring _____________ (立刻的) relief to your sore throat the moment you take it. 5.Almost everyone has a _____________ (偏爱) for quiet outdoor activities to noisy parties when they have spare time. 6.The general _____________ (命令) all soldiers to finish the defense task before dark when the war broke out. 7.Every citizen _____________ (遵守) the national laws and public rules to keep social order all the time. 8.The _____________ (持续不断的) noise of cars outside the window disturbed my study the whole afternoon yesterday. 9.Before you visit the art exhibition, you’d better check if tickets are still _____________ (可获得的) on the official website. 10.The artist _____________ (结合) traditional Chinese painting skills with Western oil painting for many years and created lots of famous works. 11.The teacher was very worried about Tom’s long _____________ (缺席) from class, so she called his parents at once. 三、重点句型 1.__________________________________________________, all students start to collect recyclable rubbish. 老师一倡导减少塑料垃圾，所有同学就开始收集可回收垃圾。 2.______________________________________________ scientists find a method to make the experimental data accurate enough. 科学家们要花费很久，才能找到让实验数据足够精准的方法。 3.______________________________________________the experts who devoted themselves to environmental research. 出席会议的是那些致力于环保研究的专家。 4.Clear rules ______________________________________________ public management regulations. 清晰的规章制度让每位市民遵守公共管理规定变得简单。 5. We __________________________________________________low-carbon lifestyles among teenagers. 我们把向青少年倡导低碳生活方式设为长期目标。 四、课文语法填空 Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. Have you ever forgotten 1. ______________ (switch) off your computer or TV after using it? These small mistakes waste energy and can sometimes lead 2. __________ potential safety problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, smart homes will change our life completely. Smart homes are homes that integrate advanced technology into daily life. They can lock the door automatically when we are away, and switch off electrical devices when we forget to do so. 3.____________ (equip) with intelligent sensors, future homes will enter an energy-efficient mode all by themselves. This smart system will make it much 4. __________ (easy) for people to save energy and live comfortably. Your home will learn your daily routine and 5. __________ (prefer), so everything will be ready for you the moment you return home. The instant you enter the door, your lights will turn on, and your favourite music will play softly. It will take some time 6. __________ most ordinary families equip their houses with such smart systems. All controls will respond to voice commands. You only need to speak out your needs, and the smart home system will obey your orders 7.________________ (immediate). Scientists are constantly improving the technology, 8. __________ shows great potential in future life. Though some people oppose the rapid development of smart technology, most experts advocate combining intelligence with daily life to create a better living environment. Present in every smart home 9.___________(be) intelligent devices that serve people whole-heartedly. In the near future, smart homes will surely bring us 10.___________ more convenient and secure life. 五、阅读理解 A TIANJIN — At the 2026 World Intelligence Expo, cutting-edge intelligent equipment turns science-fiction imagination into daily reality, painting a vivid picture of the future world in our unit Looking into the Future. The four-day exhibition gathered over 700 tech enterprises to display AI-driven solutions for residential life, urban management, medical care and transportation. Unlike early smart devices with simple voice control, the 2026 autonomous AI agents can actively predict human demands without repeated manual orders. A modern futuristic smart home adopts an integrated network of sensors, household robots and monitoring devices. When residents wake up, the AI adjusts indoor temperature and humidity based on overnight sleep data, opens windows for fresh air and prepares warm drinks via kitchen robotic arms. The bathroom smart mirror quickly detects users’ physical indicators and sends detailed health reports to family doctors in real time. Beyond families, AI serves as the “digital brain” of modern smart cities. Millions of embedded sensors transmit round-the-clock real-time data to the central computing platform. Traffic lights dynamically adjust timing to ease rush-hour congestion. In rainy weather, the system automatically activates urban drainage systems and pushes early flood warnings to all citizens. AI robots also handle daily community administrative work, greatly cutting residents’ waiting time. Despite the tremendous convenience brought by intelligent technology, experts warn of non-negligible hidden risks. Massive collection of personal living data creates serious privacy loopholes, and database hacking may lead to illegal use of private information. Excessive AI dependence weakens people’s independent thinking and basic life abilities, especially among teenagers who rely on AI for all study tasks. Besides, intelligent automation replaces numerous traditional posts, causing structural unemployment for low-skilled workers. Scientists and policymakers have reached a clear consensus: AI is an irreversible future trend, yet it remains neutral. A bright intelligent future relies on sound data protection laws, widespread digital literacy education and targeted vocational retraining for displaced workers. Balancing technological progress and social security is the key to steady development of future intelligent society. 1. What is the biggest difference between 2026 AI home systems and early smart devices? A. They can control household appliances by voice. B. They can predict people’s needs actively without orders. C. They can send health reports automatically to hospitals. D. They can connect different equipment through the Internet. 2. What function does the city’s “digital brain” serve in rainy weather? A. It adjusts traffic lights to avoid traffic jams. B. It collects citizens’ personal data for analysis. C. It opens drainage gates and sends flood warnings. D. It provides online administrative services for residents. 3. Which hidden risk of AI is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Personal private data may be stolen and misused. B. People may lose the ability to think independently. C. Traditional jobs will be replaced by intelligent robots. D. AI systems may make wrong medical diagnosis reports. 4. What is the author’s attitude toward AI and smart technology? A. Fully supportive and optimistic. B. Completely negative and worried. C. Objective and rational with balanced analysis. D. Doubtful and unwilling to accept new technology. B The rapid evolution of generative AI in 2026 has sparked global debates over future human life and job markets, perfectly fitting the unit theme Looking into the Future, which requires rational analysis of technological benefits and challenges. AI has replaced repetitive, mechanical work across industries, greatly boosting social efficiency. In programming, AI generates standard error-free code frameworks in minutes, freeing junior engineers from tedious basic work to focus on creative research and logical optimization. In medical care, AI tools rapidly analyze medical images to screen early lesions, improving diagnosis accuracy and benefiting remote areas short of professional medical resources. In agriculture, AI-controlled drones monitor crop growth and adjust water and fertilizer supply intelligently, effectively raising crop yields and safeguarding global food security. AI also brings comprehensive changes to ordinary people’s daily life. It formulates personalized learning plans for students based on their weak points, offers real-time translation for cross-language communication, and provides round-the-clock companionship and health monitoring for the elderly living alone. Intelligent technology has removed numerous life obstacles and greatly improved people’s quality of life. Nevertheless, AI’s huge potential comes with unavoidable social and ethical dilemmas. The most prominent problem is structural unemployment. A large number of repetitive posts such as assembly line workers and basic customer service staff are being eliminated by automation. Although new AI-related jobs emerge, traditional workers lack matching professional skills, and skill retraining is unaffordable for many low-income groups. Another critical problem is algorithmic bias and ethical confusion. AI models learn from existing human data, so inherent social prejudices in raw data will be amplified by algorithms, causing unfairness in recruitment, loan evaluation and other fields. Meanwhile, the blurred boundary between human and AI creation triggers widespread copyright disputes over AI-generated cultural works. Technology is always a double-edged sword. AI will neither create a perfect world nor lead to total disaster. Governments, enterprises and individuals should jointly establish sound AI supervision rules, ethical norms and vocational training systems. Only by maximizing technological advantages and restraining negative impacts can we build a more equitable, convenient and sustainable future. 5. What main benefit does AI bring to junior programmers according to Paragraph 2? A. It helps them finish all creative design work. B. It writes basic repetitive code to save their time. C. It can find all errors in the programs automatically. D. It provides professional training for young engineers. 6. Which ethical problem caused by AI is mentioned in the passage? A. AI robots may lose control and hurt human beings. B. AI medical tools may make wrong diagnoses and harm patients. C. Algorithmic bias leads to unfair treatment in recruitment and loans. D. AI translation tools may distort the original meaning of conversations. 7. What does the underlined phrase “a double-edged sword” in the last paragraph mean? A. Something that has both good and bad sides. B. A powerful tool that can completely change society. C. A dangerous technology that will bring huge disasters. D. A high-cost invention that only wealthy countries can use. 8. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. AI technology has greatly improved work efficiency in all industries. B. The wide application of AI will cause serious unemployment worldwide. C. We should strictly restrict the development of AI to avoid ethical risks. D. AI brings great benefits as well as challenges, and joint efforts are needed to develop it properly. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $