课时作业三 -2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 高三英语一轮复习单元卷，涵盖语法填空（动词时态语态）、阅读理解（AI教育、新型发电、蘑菇基忆阻器）、七选五（运动营养）及语法填空（自然摄影），注重语言能力与思维品质，适配语法与阅读综合训练。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空（时态语态）|17题|动词时态、语态|情境融合文化（《诗经》、新疆地毯）与科技（深海探测）| |阅读理解|3篇|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|素材聚焦AI教育争议、新型发电技术、生物计算，体现科技前沿| |七选五|1篇|语篇衔接|围绕运动后营养，考查逻辑连贯| |语法填空|1篇|词法（词性转换）、句法（非谓语等）|情境真实（骆驼助拍自然），培养信息整合能力|

高三年级（英语）学科 课时作业三 I. 请用括号内所给动词的正确时态、语态填空 1. After Chinese painters (expose) to Western art during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, they began to develop new styles,which combined traditional Chinese painting with Western impressionism. 2. Once every 4 years the World Cup has always deeply attracted millions of fans around the world since it ______ (hold) . 3. The festival is also rich in interesting stories and legends that (pass) down through generations over the past centuries, adding depth and meaning to the celebration. 4. It was developed by Chinese designers starting from 2002 and (enter) service in 2010, making China the fifth country in the world with deep-sea exploration technology. 5. Among the highlights (be) the discovery of the first complete version of The Book of Songs (Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han dynasties (221BC–AD220). 6. Despite various forms of damage such as decay and fragmentation, up to now, most preservation work ______(complete), and full recovery is expected. 7. As the crossroads of the ancient Silk Road, Xinjiang (be) the cradle of carpet-making for over 2,000 years. 8. Initially, the White Snake (describe) as an evil monster, serving as a cautionary tale to warn men about the dangers of being tempted by their desires. 9. Beijing’s Stone Carving Art Museum (house) two ancient ginkgo trees, which have been carefully protected as “living cultural relics.” 10. Today, he (see) as one of Hungary’s most important contemporary writers. 11. Sales (total) 550,000 yuan on the first day, while monthly revenue reached 10 million yuan. 12. Bamboo Rhyme, shown as the centerpiece of Zhejiang Week at the China Pavilion, (invite) visitors to a multisensory encounter that reflects Zhejiang’s vision for harmony between humanity and nature. 13. These objects of beauty (employ) as decorations to cover floors and sofas or adorn walls. 14. Passed down by family masters, it carries the care that (make) Chinese paper famous around the world so far. 15. There are some good examples of “spongy cities,” and Auckland in New Zealand (top) the list. 16. With a global boom in onshore and offshore wind farming, turbine waste (expect) to grow rapidly in the coming decades. 17. The lion shares similarities with the kind of statue that might have guarded a burial site during the Tang Dynasty. The scientists suggested the whole statue could have been brought to Venice after ______ (encounter) by Maffeo Polo during their visit to Beijing. 18. It (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site together with Mount Emei in 1996. ⅠI. 阅读理解 A Last spring, it became clear to me that over half the students in my course had used AI tools to write their final take-home exams — despite my repeated warnings that they must complete the work independently. How did I know? The course was titled Contemporary Moral Problems: The Value of Human Life. I had asked them about some very recent work in philosophy, yet many of their responses happened to share titles with entirely different ideas from medieval philosophy. My situation was hardly unique — educators across the US are now universally confronting this challenge. As AI use has become very common among students, many of its critics focused on its harm to distinctly human capacities, like the human value of attention, the unique human expression and the careful reasoning required for critical thinking. Yet I have come to see that something far more fundamental is being put at risk. Many people try to separate wrong uses of AI, such as the composition of entire drafts, from helpful ones, like outlining, for instance. But it is these seemingly harmless functions that are the most damaging to developing minds. In truth, the ability to determine what is being argued for and how is not optional. No part of serious thinking can be done half-heartedly. Without chances to develop these capacities, young people will not be able to understand news reports, medical documents or the soundness of an argument. If their stock of ideas runs low, life will feel rough, and their view of the world will become shallow. However, Dr Graham Burnett, a prominent AI enthusiast and professor at Princeton University, argues that except a few elite (精英) institutions, there will soon be no point in asking students to read books. Teachers should instead ask students to “do stuff” with short texts: Sing them, memorize them, cut them up into little pieces and stick them on the walls. In other words, we ought to welcome a return to a society where functional literacy is reserved for the privileged few. To me, Dr Burnett’s seemingly “progressive” proposal amounts to downgrading most American college students to a kindergarten-level educational framework. Higher education should create cognitively mature adults, which in turn requires us to ensure students learn to read, think and write all on their own. It is easier than we think: Creating tech-free spaces and motivating students to spend time in them requires no new resources. All it takes is will. Many of our students still have it. Do their teachers? 1. Why does the author mention his experience as a teacher? A. To stress AI’s transformative role in education. B. To expose widespread AI misuse in academics. C. To criticize academic dishonesty among students. D. To present teachers’ struggles with AI integration. 2. What concerns the author most about students’ AI addiction? A. Functional illiteracy. B. Widened privilege gaps. C. Conservative worldviews. D. Fading expressive capacity. 3. What is the author’s attitude towards Dr Burnett’s proposal? A. Unconcerned. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Disapproving. 4. Which of the following questions can be answered in the text? A. How can we make AI empower education? B. What is the main obstacle to AI-free spaces? C. Why does even basic AI use do harm to students? D. How can teachers precisely detect AI-assisted cheating? B With a new technique, scientists have essentially figured out how to create power from thin air. Their tiny device generates electricity from the air’s humidity (湿气), and it can be made from nearly any substance, scientists reported last month in the journal Advanced Materials. The invention involves two electrodes (电极) and a thin layer of material, which must be covered with tiny holes less than 100 nanometers in diameter — thinner than one-thousandth the width of a human hair. As water molecules pass through the device, from an upper chamber (腔室) to a lower chamber, they knock against the tiny holes’ edges, creating an electric charge imbalance between the layered chambers. In effect, it makes the device run like a battery. The whole process is similar to the way clouds make electricity, which we see in the form of lightning. “What we have invented is like a small-scale, man-made cloud,” says Jun Yao, a co-author of the new paper and an electrical engineer at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Currently, the fingernail-sized device can only create continuous electricity equivalent to a fraction of a volt (伏特). The researchers hope it can someday become a practical, sustainable source of power. “The entire Earth is covered with a thick layer of humidity,” Yao says. “It’s an enormous source of clean energy. This is just the beginning in making use of that.” Humidity, or the amount of water vapor in the air, is in large supply on Earth. A device generating power from humidity could work in almost any location on the planet, at any time of day. Scientists have previously tried using humidity to generate electricity, but their attempts have often only worked for a short amount of time or relied on expensive materials. In 2020, Yao and other researchers found a way to continuously collect electricity from humidity using a material grown from bacteria. Now, the new paper shows that such a specific material isn’t necessary — just about any material works, such as wood or silicon, as long as it can be punctured (刺穿) with the ultra-small holes. This finding makes the device much more practical; it “turns an initially narrow window to a wide-open door for broad potential,” Yao says. Next, the researchers want to try stacking (堆叠) the devices on top of each other to produce more energy. It’s not yet clear whether the generators would become competitive with established clean energy sources, such as wind and solar, but the team envisions (预想) them powering electronics in all sorts of environments. 5. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The importance of the device. B. The way the electrodes are placed. C. The size and function of the tiny holes. D. The materials and the workings of the device. 6. What is the advantage of humidity as an energy source? A. It is available almost anywhere and anytime. B. It is as competitive as wind and solar energy. C. It can generate high-voltage electricity continuously. D. It can replace traditional batteries for electronic devices. 7. What was the limitation of scientists’ previous attempts? A. They depended on bacteria for energy. B. They required special and expensive materials. C. They were unable to collect enough water from the air. D. They relied on wind and solar energy as additional sources. 8. What is the purpose of the text? A. To promote an eco-friendly energy source. B. To show the prospect of clean energy. C. To present ways to generate electricity. D. To introduce a new invention. C What if the computers of tomorrow didn’t depend on metal and plastic, but instead grew from the soil beneath our feet? This idea is turning into reality in a laboratory, where researchers at The Ohio State University have found that common fungi — such as shiitake and button mushrooms — can be used to create memory components for computing. These mushroom-based devices act as organic memristors (忆阻器), short for memory resistors. Unlike traditional resistors, memristors have the unique ability to retain information about past electrical states. When current flows in one direction, their resistance increases; when it flows the opposite way, their resistance decreases. Even after the power is switched off, the resistance level remains, thus allowing memristors to function like tiny memory units inside a computer. Mushrooms contain a dense, thread-like network known as mycelium (菌丝体), which can send tiny electrical signals — much like memristors do. To test this, scientists attached wires to dried mushrooms and sent small electrical pulses through them. The results were remarkable: the mushrooms switched between electrical states up to 5,850 times per second with about 90% accuracy. Although their performance dropped under higher electrical frequencies, stability returned when several mushrooms were linked together — suggesting a kind of collective intelligence, similar to how brain cells function together. Beyond these exciting results, mushrooms come with major environmental advantages. Traditional memristors rely on scarce minerals and require high energy consumption. Mushrooms, however, are renewable, biodegradable, and easy to grow. Their mycelium can also be shaped into custom structures, making them suitable for wearable electronics, smart sensors, and other emerging technologies. “Everything needed to explore organic computing could be as small as a pile of natural waste and some homemade electronics — or as large as a culturing factory,” said John LaRocco, the study’s lead author. “All of it is achievable with the resources we already have.” In the not-too-distant future, the computers on our desks may very well have taken root — quite literally — in the forest. 9. What does the underlined word “retain” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Track. B. Store. C. Gather. D. Analyze. 10. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning brain cells in paragraph 3? A. The complex structure of mushrooms. B. The rapid electrical response of mycelium. C. The cooperative nature of mycelium networks. D. The unstable performance of mushroom devices. 11. What advantages do mushroom-based memristors have according to paragraph 4? A. They are rare and special. B. They are smart and powerful. C. They are creative and productive. D. They are sustainable and adaptable. 12. What can be inferred about organic computing from John LaRocco’s words? A. It has a low barrier to entry. B. It will advance forest research. C. It helps reduce agricultural waste. D. It will create more jobs in factories. III. 七选五 When it comes to exercise, I’m not someone who cares about maximizing my performance or hacking (优化) my biology—I just want to move and challenge my body. 1 But training for a half-marathon has taught me how important it is to refuel my body—and why it doesn’t have to be complicated. To be clear, when it comes to post-workout nutrition, needs will differ depending on the type of exercise you do, how long you do it and factors like age, sex and genetics. That said, a review in Sports Medicine found strong evidence for three interventions when it comes to muscle recovery and better performance. 2 The first is carbohydrates. During exercise, the body draws on its energy reserves in the liver (肝脏) and muscles. It is crucial to refill these reserves, as doing so prevents further muscle breakdown. 3 Carbohydrates are the most effective option, as your body quickly transforms them into energy. The second pillar (支柱) is protein, essential for muscle recovery. 4 A 2016 study of eight athletes found those who ate both within 2 hours of tough cycling could ride for an average of 14 minutes longer in their next workout compared with those who only ate carbohydrates. Last but not least, we come to fluids. You can stick with water, but other beverages may be more effective. Oral rehydration solutions (口服补液盐), milk and orange juice are all better for hydration (水合 作用) than water because they contain electrolytes that help your body absorb and retain fluids. 5 If water doesn’t appeal, a drink you enjoy should do the trick. A. I see them as the pillars of a post-workout meal. B. Tea, coffee and sodas are as effective as water. C. I believe exercise should be completely effortless. D. Eating too many carbohydrates will make you gain weight. E. Pairing it with carbohydrates also seems to boost performance. F. So you can imagine how little thought I put into post-workout meals. G. Moreover, it ensures you have enough fuel ready for your next workout. IV. 语法填空 Nature photographers sometimes must struggle in challenging circumstances to create their 1 　　　　　　(image). They have to deal with extreme weather conditions and 2 (demand) terrain (地形). In Saudi Arabia, photographers recently had extra help from a fourlegged assistant to go 3 　　　　　　 they couldn’t arrive. For 7 days, they enlisted the help of a camel 4 　(name) Sarha to wander areas that are not easily reachable or inhabitable. They fitted her with 5 　solar-powered camera and let her wander daily in some remote locations for a week. Each night she returned home at base camp, with a team checking on her comfort and safety. 6 　Sarha’s help, 11 photographers from around the world took remote photos for a campaign showcasing the 7 　(beautiful) of the land. The images were compiled (汇 编) in a campaign created by Wunderman Thompson, a creative agency for Saudi Telecom Company (STC), 8 　(go) further and reveal the unseen wonders of Saudi Arabia. After the mission was over, the camel 9 　(give) a thorough medical check-up and a big treat for its successful journey. The photographers returned Sarha home to the camel farm they borrowed her from. They were 10 　(constant) checking on Sarha and making sure she would be fit for the next journey of discovering new lands. 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 答案解析 I. 动词时态、语态、主谓一致 1.【答案】 were exposed 【解析】 考查时态和被动。句意：在19世纪和20世纪，中国画家接触到西方艺术之后，便开始发展新的风格，将传统的中国画与西方印象派相结合。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries”可知，用一般过去时，且主语“Chinese painters”与动词“expose”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动：were done。故填were exposed。 2.【答案】 was held 【解析】 考查时态和语态。句意：世界杯每四年举办一届，自创办以来就深深吸引着全球数百万球迷。空处作从句的谓语，主语it指代世界杯，和动词hold是被动关系，要用被动语态，since引导的时间状语从句，描述世界杯创办这个过去的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was held。 3.【答案】 have been passed 【解析】 考查动词时态语态。句意：这个节日也有着许多有趣的故事和传说，这些故事和传说在过去几个世纪里代代相传，为庆祝活动增添了深度和意义。根据时间状语over the past centuries可知，此处应是现在完成时，主语that指代stories and legends，stories and legends与pass down是动宾关系，且主语为复数，此处应是现在完成时的被动语态have been passed。故填have been passed。 4.【答案】 entered 【解析】 考查时态。句意：它由中国设计师从2002年开始研发，并于2010年投入使用，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有深海探测技术的国家。此处为句子谓语，根据时间状语in 2010可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填entered。 5.【答案】 is 【解析】 考查时态及主谓一致。句意：其中一个亮点是发现了秦汉时期（公元前221年-公元220年）的第一本完整版本的《诗经》。该空所给动词在句中作谓语，本句叙述事实，应使用一般现在时态；这是一个完全倒装句，主语the discovery为单数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填is。 6.【答案】 has been completed 【解析】 考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：尽管有各种形式的破坏，如腐烂和残缺，但到目前为止，大部分保护工作已经完成，并有望全面恢复。该空所给动词complete在句中作谓语，主语work与动词complete为被动关系，表示“工作被完成”，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语up to now可知，应使用现在完成时；主语work为不可数名词，助动词have应使用单数形式。故填has been completed。 7.【答案】 has been 【解析】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：作为古代丝绸之路的交汇点，新疆作为地毯制作的发源地已有两千多年的历史。根据时间状语“for over 2,000 years”（两千多年来），可知此处需用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续下去。主语“Xinjiang”为单数，故助动词用has，be动词的过去分词为been。故填has been。 8.【答案】 was described 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：起初，白蛇被描述为一个邪恶的怪物，作为一个警示故事，警告人们不要被欲望所诱惑。空处缺少谓语动词，根据“Initially”可知，此处指过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，“the White Snake”和“describe”为被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was described。 9.【答案】 houses 【解析】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：北京石刻艺术博物馆藏有两棵古银杏树，这两棵树作为“活文物”被精心保护着。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Beijing’s Stone Carving Art Museum是单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。house在此处为动词，意为“收藏，安置”。故填houses。 10.【答案】 is seen 【解析】 考查时态语态。句意：如今，他被视为匈牙利当代最重要的作家之一。所给动词see在句中作谓语，主语he与see是被动关系（被视为），应使用被动语态；句子描述现在的状态，主语是单三人称，助动词be应使用单数形式。故填is seen。 11.【答案】 totaled/totalled 【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：开业首日销售额达55万元，月收入近1000万元。根据时间状语in May 2023可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，total的过去式为totaled/totalled。故填totaled/totalled。 12.【答案】 invites 【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：作为中国馆浙江周核心展品的“竹韵”，邀请游客开启一场多感官体验，体现浙江对人与自然和谐共生的愿景。此处是新闻对展品功能的客观描述，用一般现在时，主语Bamboo Rhyme为单数，谓语动词用invites。故填invites。 13.【答案】 are employed 【解析】 考查时态和语态。句意：这些精美的物件被用作装饰品，铺在地板、沙发上或装饰墙壁。此空考查谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，These objects of beauty与employ为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数。故填are employed。 14.【答案】 has made 【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它由家族匠人代代相传，承载着至今让中国纸张闻名世界的匠心。此空考查谓语动词，that（the care）与make为主动关系，再根据时间状语so far可知，这里应用现在完成时；先行词the care为单数，定语从句的谓语动词也用单数。故填has made。 15.【答案】 tops 【解析】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：世界上有一些优秀的“海绵城市”案例，新西兰的奥克兰位居榜首。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Auckland为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式tops，意为“位居榜首，排名第一”。故填tops。 16.【答案】 is expected 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：随着全球陆上和海上风电产业的蓬勃发展，未来几十年涡轮机废弃物预计将快速增长。句子描述客观预测，用一般现在时；turbine waste与expect之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，waste为不可数名词，助动词用is。故填is expected。 17.【答案】 being encountered 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们认为，整个雕像可能是在马费奥·波罗访问北京期间遇到后被带到威尼斯的。after是介词，其后接动名词作宾语，且encounter与其逻辑主语the whole statue与间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being encountered。故填being encountered。 18.【答案】 was listed 【解析】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1996年，它与峨眉山一起被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。根据时间状语in 1996可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；此处主语是第三人称单数it，与谓语动词list之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数it，所以be动词需用was。故填was listed。 II. 阅读理解 A 语篇是议论文，主题是人与自我之生活与学习。作者以自己的教学经历为例，谈论了AI日益增加的使用对学生独立思考和深度认知能力的损害，同时也批判了某些教育者主张的“降低学术标准”的提议，强调 高等教育应坚守培养学生自主读写与批判性思维的核心使命。 1. B。推理判断题。通读第一段可知，作者发现尽管他反复强调必须独立完成期末居家考试，但在他教授的课程中还是有超过一半的学生使用了AI。再结合第二段的首句可知，作者的遭遇并非个例，全美的教育工作者此刻都面临着同样的挑战。由此可推知，作者以自己的教学经历开篇是为了揭示学术领域中人工智能被不当使用的普遍现象。 2. A。推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，作者认为学生若过度依赖AI，哪怕只是用它来做“看似无害”的事（如列提纲），都会逐渐丧失独立思考和理解文本的能力。如果没有机会发展这些能力，他们将无法理解新闻报道、医疗文件、甚至无法判断一个论证是否合理。 这正是倒数第二段提到的functional literacy的反面，即，功能性文盲。作者认为功能性文盲才是最根本的风险，因为它直接削弱了人作为认知主体的能力。 3. D。观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，在作者看来，Dr Burnett看似“与时俱进”的提议，无异于将多数美国大学生降格到幼儿园阶段的教育水准。作者认为高等教育理应培养认知成熟的成年人。因此，作者对于Dr Burnett的提议持反对态度。 4. C。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，人们总试图将AI的滥用（如代写整篇论文）与其合理用途（如生成提纲）区分开来。而作者认为，正是这些看似无害的功能对年轻人的思维成长最具腐蚀性。因为辨别论点实质与构建逻辑框架的能力绝非可有可无，真正的思考也容不得半点敷衍。而很显然教育界日益增加的AI使用将使年轻人失去培养这些能力的机会，这不仅会使他们的思想库存日趋枯竭，他们的世界观也会变得肤浅。而这正好回答了C项所提问题：为什么甚至连最基本的AI功能（如提纲功能）对学生来说也如此糟糕。 B 语篇是说明文，主题是人与社会之科学与技术。不管是晴天还是雨天，空气中都含有水汽。科学研究发现，可以利用这些水汽来发电。 5. D。推理判断题。第二段第一句交代该设备所用 的材料，第二、三句讲述该设备的工作原理。故D项符合题意。 6.A。细节理解题。根据第五段中Humidity, or the amount of water vapor in the air, is in large supply on Earth. A device generating power from humidity could work in almost any location on the planet, at any time of day可知，湿气作为能源的优势在于它随时随地都可以获得。 7.B。细节理解题。根据第六段中Scientists have previously tried using humidity to generate electricity, but their attempts have often only worked for a short amount of time or relied on expensive materials可知，以前利用湿气发电的一个限制是需要特殊的和昂贵的材料。 8. D。推理判断题。文章第一段讲述科学家发明了一个新的设备，可以利用空气中的水汽发电。下文就该设备的材料、工作原理以及实用潜能等展开详述。故D项符合题意。 C 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的研究发现，蘑菇可制成有机忆阻器，具备信息存储功能，且环保可再生，未来可用于新型计算设备。 9. B。词句猜测题。根据第二段“These mushroom-based devices act as organic memristors (忆阻器), short for memory resistors. Unlike traditional resistors, memristors have the unique ability to retain information about past electrical states. (这些基于蘑菇的器件充当有机忆阻器，即存储电阻器的缩写。与传统电阻器不同，忆阻器具有retain过去电状态信息的独特能力)”以及“Even after the power is switched off, the resistance level remains, thus allowing memristors to function like tiny memory units inside a computer.(即使在电源关闭后，电阻水平仍然存在，因此允许忆阻器像计算机内的微型存储单元一样工作)”可知，忆阻器能存储过去电状态信息，断电后电阻水平仍保持，就像存储信息一样，retain 意为“存储、保留”，与store意义相近。故选B。 10. C。细节理解题。根据第三段“Although their performance dropped under higher electrical frequencies, stability returned when several mushrooms were linked together — suggesting a kind of collective intelligence, similar to how brain cells function together. (尽管在较高电频率下它们的性能下降，但当多个蘑菇连接在一起时稳定性恢复——这表明一种集体智能，类似于脑细胞共同工作的方式)”可知，作者意在说明菌丝体网络的协作特性。故选C。 11. D。细节理解题。根据第四段“Mushrooms, however, are renewable, biodegradable, and easy to grow. Their mycelium can also be shaped into custom structures, making them suitable for wearable electronics, smart sensors, and other emerging technologies. (然而蘑菇是可再生、可生物降解且易于种植的。它们的菌丝体还可以被塑造成定制结构，使其适用于可穿戴电子设备、智能传感器和其他新兴技术)”可知，蘑菇基忆阻器具有可持续性和适应性。故选D。 12. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段““Everything needed to explore organic computing could be as small as a pile of natural waste and some homemade electronics — or as large as a culturing factory,” said John LaRocco, the study’s lead author. “All of it is achievable with the resources we already have.”(该研究的主要作者约翰·拉罗科说：“探索有机计算所需的一切都可以，小至一堆天然废物和一些自制电子产品，也可以大至一个养殖厂。”。“用我们现有的资源，所有这些都是可以实现的。”)”可推知，探索有机计算所需资源简单，用已有资源就能实现，说明其进入门槛低。故选A。 III. 七选五 语篇是说明文，主题是人与自我之生活与学习。本文介绍了运动后营养补充的三个关键要素，旨在为普通运动者提供实用指导。 1. F。前文阐述了作者对运动的态度（不追求极致表现，只想活动和适度挑战身体），选项F（因此，你可以想象我对运动后餐食几乎不花心思）进一步说明作者这种随性的运动态度延伸到运动后饮食方面，与后文“但是半马训练让作者认识到身体补给的重要性”形成对比，符合逻辑。 2. A。前文引用《运动医学》综述，指出有强力证据支持三种有助于恢复和提升表现的措施。选项A（我将它们视为运动后餐食的支柱）中的“它们”指代前文的“三种措施”，进而引出下文对三大支柱（ 碳水、蛋白 质、液体）的分别论述。 3. G。前文说明了补充能量储备对于防止肌肉分解的关键作用。选项G（此外，它能确保你为下一次运动准备好足够的能量）通过Moreover这一词，在“防止肌肉分解”的基础上，进一步说明了补充能量的另一项关键作用——为下次运动储备能量，并自然引出后文对碳水化合物为何是有效选择的解释。 4. E。前文点明蛋白质是肌肉恢复所必需的。选项 E（将其与碳水化合物搭配似乎也能提升运动表现）中的it指代前文的protein，并引入了“搭配碳水化合物”这一重要概念。后文紧接着引用2016年的研究，具体论证了“蛋白质与碳水同吃”相比“只吃碳水”能显著延长运动时间，对选项E进行举例论证。 5. B。前文列举“口服补液、牛奶、橙汁优于水”，选项B（茶、咖啡和汽水与水效果相当）补充说明“其余常见饮品也不比水差”，既拓宽选择范围，又为下文“如果不喜欢水，选你爱喝的即可”提供依据。 IV. 语法填空 语篇是记叙文，主题是人与自我之生活与学习。本文讲述了一只骆驼帮助摄影师拍摄沙漠景观的故事。 1. images。根据空前的their及句意可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。 2. demanding。此处应用形容词demanding修饰名 词terrain。 3. where。此处应用where引导地点状语从句，意为“去他们去不了的地方”。 4. named。a camel与动词name之间是被动关系， 故用V-ed形式作后置定语。 5. a。此处应用不定冠词a表示泛指。 6. With。With one’s help意为“在某人的帮助下”。 7. beauty。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处应用名词形式。 8. to go。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。 9. was given。the camel与give之间为被动关系，且此处讲述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。 10. constantly。此处应用副词constantly修饰动词短语checking on。 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $