校本作业一 -2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 高三英语一轮复习校本作业，涵盖完形填空、阅读理解等题型，以励志故事、环保议题等真实情境为载体，注重语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15题|动词辨析（earning MD）、名词辨析（sacrifice）|以医学毕业生感恩父母故事为情境，考查语境词义理解| |阅读理解|4题|推理判断（环保运动对象）、观点态度（Boxing Day评价）|聚焦反消费主义热点，引导批判性思维| |七选五|5题|篇章衔接（代词演变）、段落主旨（元音表达）|对比英语与其他语言差异，渗透文化意识| |语法填空|10题|冠词（a source）、代词（their）、非谓语（to disturb）|结合“音乐与学习”话题，考查语法规则运用| |书面表达素材积累|1题|情绪词汇（悲痛）、短语及句式|强化写作基础，适配高考书面表达需求|

高三英语校本作业 答案 1-15 CADCB ADBAC ADCDB 16-19 ACDB 20-24 DCAGE 25. a 26. silence 27. their 28. grown-ups 29. with 30. found 31. clearly 32. that 33. to be disturbed 34. are recalling 悲痛 词汇 sadness/sorrow/grief grieved bitterly 短语 a ripple of sadness cry one’s eyes/heart out with a heavy heart be in floods of tears one’s heart seems to be torn apart 句式A terrible sorrow washed over me. As the evening progressed, sadness turned to rage. 完形填空 本文主要介绍了主人公每获得一项新的人生成就时就会在农场与其家人合影的事件，表扬了这种积极的生活态度和家庭的温馨气氛。 详细解析： 第1题 C 固定搭配。earn有“获得”的含义，在这里earn his MD表示获得了他的博士学位。 第2题 A 联系后文。从后文“who returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree to honor”可以看出，每次获得新成就回到农场成为了主人公的习惯，因此这里应该选A。 第3题 D 固定搭配。“mark the occasion”表示庆祝，在这里表示埃里克与父母合影庆祝毕业典礼。 第4题 C 考察语法。这里that指代的不是mom，而是前文中提及的记录了这一瞬间的photo，所以在这里不能选择whom或者who。 第5题 B 段意理解。如42题所说，每次获得新成就回到农场成为了主人公的习惯，因此在这里应该选择tradition，表示传统、习惯。 第6题 A 段意理解。sacrifice表示牺牲，preparation表示准备，arrangement表示安排，allowance表示允许，在这里主人公是要纪念他父母培养他所做出的牺牲，因此选A。 第7题 D 考察介词。by通常与一种方式相连用，这里句意是“我想向我的朋友和全世界展示我的父母，以此向他们致敬。” 第8题 B 固定搭配。这里主人公是想要表示他的父母白手起家的敬佩感激，所以用nothing to lose表示他的父母一开始一无所有，因此“没什么可以失去”。 第9题 A 固定搭配。make every effort to表示不留余力做某事。 第10题 C 词义辨析。deliberately/绝望地，apparently/明显地，briefly/简短地，satisfactorily/令人满意地，这里表示选C表示“在哈佛大学获得学士学位之前，他曾在一所学院短暂学习，这使他成为第一个从家乡毕业于这所著名学校的人。” 第11题 A 词义辨析。accomplishments/成就，implements/实施，replacements/替换，agreements/协议，在这里用accomplishments表示“埃里克通过获得医学学位延续了他的一系列成就”。 第12题 D 短语辨析。concentrated on/专注于，decided on/决定，went on/继续，reflected on/回顾，在这里表示“毕业后，他在一个推文上回顾了自己的旅程”。 第13题 C 句意理解。这里用giant leap和前文的small step相呼应，表示“我从医学院毕业对我来说是一小步，对我的家庭来说是一大步。” 第14题 D 结构分析。这里用as是和前文的as much相联系的，连起来看应该是“as much as it is for me”，表示“和我一样的程度”。 第15题 B 理解句意。这里用history表示家族历史，整句话意思是“我是我家族历史上第一个获得白领工作的人。” 阅读理解 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了反消费主义其实是富人对工人阶级的生活选择进行贬低的运动，忽视了环境问题的真正原因，这种运动丝毫不会让环境问题得到改善。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion, over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sight on our “consumer culture”, with Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop.(由于对资源枯竭的担忧，近年来环保主义者越来越多地把目光转向我们的“消费文化”，像“东西的故事”和“新一天不买东西”这样的团体日益成为一种运动，越来越多地将我们所有的疾病归咎于我们的购物欲望)”及第三段中“but to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided, and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem(但将这些问题归咎于圣诞购物者是被误导的，这让我们陷入了把系统性问题归咎于个人的老陷阱)”可推知，环保主义者把环境问题归咎于购物者是错误的。故选A。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“As journalist Leigh Phillips argues, “This is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’, the Christmas presents their kids are asking for, or just an appliance that works.”(正如记者Leigh Phillips所说：“这是一年中为数不多的几次人们甚至可以指望买得起这些‘奢侈品’的时候之一，比如孩子们想要的圣诞礼物，或者只是一件好用的电器。”)”可知，Leigh Phillips把Boxing Day看作难得的购物机会。故选C。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Indeed, the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account of our consumption “problem” anyway. Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals, while ignoring people like Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, who has his own £ 1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system?(事实上，最富有的7%的人要为50%的温室气体排放负责。无论如何，当你考虑到我们的消费“问题”时，这就变得尤为有害。为什么环保主义者攻击这些人，却忽视俄罗斯亿万富翁Roman Abramovich这样的人？Abramovich拥有一艘价值15亿英镑、装有导弹防御系统的游艇)”可推知，文章提到Roman Abramovich是为了表明环保主义者没有弄清环境问题的根本原因。故选D。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Anyway, anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choice, while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problem. It is no wonder no one is changing their behaviour—or that environmental destruction continues without becoming any less severe.(不管怎么说，反消费主义已经变成了一场富人对工人阶级谈论他们的生活选择的运动，而忽视了我们环境问题的真正原因。难怪没有人改变他们的行为，也难怪环境破坏仍在继续，却丝毫没有减轻)”结合本文介绍了环保主义者认为环境问题是普通民众购物造成的，而反消费主义实际上是富人对工人阶级的生活选择进行贬低的运动，忽视了环境问题的真正原因。可知，文章主要讲的是减少购物不能解决环境问题。故选B。 七选五【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在当今多语言影响的时代下，英语随着时代变化的过程中无法实现但是其他语言可以实现的两件事。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There are over 7,000 languages in the world, each of which has its own features and advantages. Any individual language is perfectly capable of enabling communication.”(世界上有7000多种语言，每种语言都有自己的特点和优势。任何一种语言都完全有能力进行交流。)和下文第二段“There are plenty of ways to show respect in English, but what English is missing is the formal “you”.”(在英语中有很多表示尊重的方式，但是英语中缺少的是正式的“你”。)、第四段“English tries its best to reflect this in its writing system, but the fact of the matter is that people learning English through reading are going to struggle to figure out what vowels sound like.”(英语尽力在其书写系统中反映这一点，但事实上，通过阅读学习英语的人们将很难弄清楚元音听起来是什么样的。)可知，上文说世界上有很多种语言，下文主要从两个方面提到英语做不到的地方。选项D“然而，有两件事英语不能做，但其他语言可以。”和上下文意思一致。故选D。 【21题详解】 根据下文“Back in the days of Old English, the word “thou” was the singular you and “ye” was the plural you. By the 13th century, these two had shifted, so “thou” was the informal you and “ye” was the formal one. But over the past several centuries, the pronouns shifted again: “ye” became “you” and replaced both of them.”(在古英语时代，“thou”是单数“you”，“ye”是复数的“you”。到了13世纪，这两个词已经发生了变化，所以“thou”是非正式的you，“ye”是正式的you。但是在过去的几个世纪里，代词又发生了变化：“ye”变成了“you”，并取代了它们。)可知，这里在谈英语在过去的时代，曾经拥有过表达尊重的正式的第二人称表达，但是在时代的变更中最后都被“you”取代了。选项C“然而，奇怪的事情之一是，英语过去两者都有。”和下文意思一致。故选C。 【22题详解】 根据下文“How many vowels (元音) does English have? Well, if you look at the alphabet, it has only five: A, E, I, O and U. Six if you throw in Y. But if you actually listen to English, there are a lot more. English tries its best to reflect this in its writing system”(英语有几个元音？好吧，如果你看字母表，它只有5：A，E，I，O和 U，如果加上Y，就是6个。但如果你真的听英语，还有很多。英语在其书写体系中尽力反映这一点)可知，英语中以书面形式来体现所有的元音。选项A“用书面形式代表所有元音。”和下文意思一致。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据上文“But if you actually listen to English, there are a lot more. English tries its best to reflect this in its writing system, but the fact of the matter is that people learning English through reading are going to struggle to figure out what vowels sound like.”(但如果你真的听英语，还有很多。英语尽力在其书写系统中反映这一点，但事实上，通过阅读学习英语的人们将很难弄清楚元音听起来是什么样的。)可知，本空前面谈到：英语中的元音在书面表达和发音中的不同。则接下来应该举例不同的语言和英语的比较。选项G“这与西班牙语有很大不同，西班牙语大多数情况下每个字母只有一个发音。”和上文意思一致。故选G。 【24题详解】 根据上文“You could say, then, that there’s nothing on this list English “can’t” do. We probably won’t wake up tomorrow and suddenly have a completely different word order, but the Englishes spoken 10,50 and 100 years from now will all differ from the ones we speak today.”(那么，你可以说，在这个清单上没有什么是英语“不能”做的。我们可能不会在明天一觉醒来，突然有一个完全不同的语序，但是10年、50年和100年后所说的英语都将与我们今天所说的不同。)可知，接下来要提到英语在以后的发展。选项E“英语需要不断前进才能生存下去，想想它可以走向何方是件令人兴奋的事。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 语法填空 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习时听音乐或做其它事情是否会影响学习效果或降低学习效率。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。 【25题详解】考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句意表达，此处A source of是......一个根源，符合题意。故填a。 【26题详解】考查名词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，用silence（沉默），符合题意。故填silence。 【27题详解】考查代词。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。此处修饰后面名词sounds，作前置定语，their他们的，符合题意。故填their。 【28题详解】考查名词。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，grown-ups成年人，符合题意。故填grown-ups。 【29题详解】考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词without构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。 【30题详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slowed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，found发现。故填found。 【31题详解】考查副词。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，clearly清晰地，符合题意。故填clearly。 【32题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the conclusion的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。 【33题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely to do 可能做某事，后接不定式to。由by both songs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”， to be disturbed符合题意。 故填to be disturbed。 【34题详解】考查动词。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，are recalling符合题意。故填are recalling。 高三英语校本作业一 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语校本作业 班级____________ 姓名____________ I. 完形填空 A 29-year-old man who recently graduated from medical school found a special way to show respect and gratitude for his parents while looking back at how far they've come. Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in May after 1 his MD(Doctor of Medicine). To celebrate the accomplishment, the resident physician went to the 2 where his parents, Loreto and Maricela Juarez, have worked since the 1980s.Erick 3 the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents, including one in the field with his mom 4 was shared on his post. lt has now become a 5 for Erick, who returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree to honor the 6 that his parents have made for him and his four siblings." I wanted to honor my parents 7 showcasing them to my friends and the world. My parents arrived here with nothing to 8 but everything to gain," Erick said. From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor, so he made every 9 to achieve that goal. First, Erick became a student of Bainbridge High School. He went on to 10 attend an academy before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University—making him the first one from his hometown to graduate from the famous school. This spring, Erick continued his string of 11 by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Gcorgia at Augusta University. Following his graduation, he 12 his journey on a post, calling his accomplishment a "victory lap".' My graduation from medical school was one small step for me, one 13 leap for my family. It's as much, if not more, a victory lap for them 14 it is for me. And I couldn't be prouder of them," he continued. "I am the first in my entire family 15 to earn a white-collar job. And I get to help folks feel better—this is the best part!” 1.A. awarding B. reaching C. earning D. shifting 2.A. farm B. school C. hospital D. church 3.A. remembered B. forgot C. recalled D. marked 4.A. whom B. who C. that D. what 5.A. gesture B. tradition C. preference D. belief 6.A. sacrifice B. preparation C. arrangement D. allowance 7.A. in B. between C. with D.by 8.A.chat B. lose C. use D.do 9.A. effort B. certainty C. sense D. decision 10.A. deliberately B. apparently C. briefly D. satisfactorily 11.A. accomplishments B. implements C. replacements D. agreements 12. A. concentrated on B. decided on C. went on D. reflected on 13.A. moderate B. small C. giant D. mild 14.A. since B. till C. so D. as 15.A. reputation B. history C. background D. connection II. 阅读理解 Each year, backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement, people are using the holiday season to call on us all to shop less. Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion, over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sight on our “consumer culture”, with Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop. We clearly have a growing resource problem. The products we make, buy and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways, biodiversity, climate and the land on which millions of people live, but to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided, and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem. While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas, environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people. In fact, for most, rather than an add-on to an already heavy shopping year, Christmas is likely the only time of year they have the opportunity to spend on friends and family, or even just to buy the necessities needed for modern life. This is particularly true for Boxing Day, often laughed at by anti-consumerists the most. While we may look down on the queues in front of the shops, for many, those sales provide the chance to buy things they’ve needed all year. As journalist Leigh Phillips argues, “This is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’, the Christmas presents their kids are asking for, or just an appliance that works.” Indeed, the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account our consumption “problem” anyway. Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals, while ignoring people like Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, who has his own £ 1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system? Anyway, anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choice, while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problem. It is no wonder no one is changing their behaviour—or that environmental destruction continues without becoming any less severe. 16. What can be inferred about the environmentalist movement from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A. It has targeted the wrong persons. B. It has achieved its intended purposes. C. It has solved the environmental problems. D. It has persuaded consumers not to shop any more. 17. What does Leigh Phillips think of Boxing Day? A. A trap for consumers. B. A tough problem to deal with. C. A precious shopping opportunity. D. A positive contribution to the economy. 18. For what purpose is Roman Abramovich mentioned in the text? A. To show how rich he is. B. To announce he is a Russian. C. To present his contributions to the environment. D. To suggest the real cause of environmental problems hasn’t been found. 19. What is the text mainly about? A. The environmental problems are very serious. B. Less shopping can’t solve the environmental problems. C. Resources are becoming fewer and fewer on the earth. D. Measures should be taken to protect the environment. III. 七选五 There are over 7,000 languages in the world, each of which has its own features and advantages. Any individual language is perfectly capable of enabling communication. ___20___. Show Formality With A Pronoun There are plenty of ways to show respect in English, but what English is missing is the formal “you”. But English has a single, widely accepted second-person pronoun. This is also why English doesn’t have a standard form for addressing more than one person. ___21___. Back in the days of Old English, the word “thou” was the singular you and “ye” was the plural you. By the 13th century, these two had shifted, so “thou” was the informal you and “ye” was the formal one. But over the past several centuries, the pronouns shifted again: “ye” became “you” and replaced both of them. ___22___ How many vowels (元音) does English have? Well, if you look at the alphabet, it has only five: A, E, I, O and U. Six if you throw in Y. But if you actually listen to English, there are a lot more. English tries its best to reflect this in its writing system, but the fact of the matter is that people learning English through reading are going to struggle to figure out what vowels sound like. When you throw in different dialects and clusters (群组) like “trough, though, tough”, you can see how tricky a language this really is. ___23___. You could say, then, that there’s nothing on this list English “can’t” do. We probably won’t wake up tomorrow and suddenly have a completely different word order, but the Englishes spoken 10, 50 and 100 years from now will all differ from the ones we speak today.___24___. A. Represent All Its Vowels In Writing B. Express The Standard Form Of Respect C. One of the strange things, though, is that English used to have both of these D. However, there are two things English can’t do but other languages can E. English needs to keep moving to stay alive and it’s exciting to think about where it could go F. When you only know English, you’re getting a limited look at what language as a whole can do G. This differs a lot from a language like Spanish, which for the most part has only one sound per letter IV. 语法填空 The combination of music and study has long been 25 source of disagreement between adults and children. Parents and teachers alike maintain that 26 (silent) is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that 27 (they) favourite sounds help them concentrate. Now a study shows that the 28 (grown-up) have been right all along. Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays 29 and without music in the background. They 30 (find) that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates 31 (clear) that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,” said Dr. Sarah. She also came to the conclusion 32 it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “One’s ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely 33 (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added. Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You 34 (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is that more and more teenagers are studying in front of the television.” V. 书面表达素材积累 情绪表达：悲痛 1. 词汇 ________________ ________________ 2. 短语 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 3. 好句 _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 高三英语校本作业一 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $