2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册暑假作业Day15（全国适用）

**基本信息** 以现在完成时及标志副词为核心，通过语法框架梳理、易错点辨析、真题语境应用构建系统性训练，提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法梳理|3大板块+4类易错点|结构公式（肯定/否定/疑问）、标志词定位法（ever/never等位置）、时态对比规则（与一般过去时区分）|从基础结构→标志词应用→时态辨析，形成“概念-规则-应用”逻辑链| |题型训练|单选15题+填空5篇+阅读4篇|语境分析法（结合文学名著选段）、写作句式模板（仿写5类必背句）|以真题为载体，实现语法知识向阅读、写作等语言技能迁移|

Day 15 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 现在完成时 & 标志副词 ever/never/just/already/yet（原卷版） 现在完成时 & 标志副词 ever/never/just/already/yet 1、 核心语法板块1：现在完成时 基础框架 1. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have /has + 动词过去分词 否定句：主语 + haven’t /hasn’t + 动词过去分词 一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 缩写：I’ve = I have；she’s = she has；haven’t = have not；hasn’t = has not 2. 核心含义 1）过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响； 2）从过去持续到现在的经历、动作。 教材原句例句 Have you decided on a book for your report? 翻译：你确定好报告要读的书了吗？ I’ve just finished reading The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 翻译：我刚刚读完《三国演义》。 二、核心语法板块2： :五大标志副词用法（ever/never/just/already/yet） ever 曾经 位置：疑问句中，放在主语后、过去分词前 用法：询问人生过往经历 例句：Has Peter ever heard of this book? 翻译：彼得曾经听说过这本书吗？ never 从不，从未 位置：肯定句式中表否定，主语后、过去分词前 例句：He’s never heard of it. 翻译：他从没听过这本书。 just 刚刚 位置：have/has 与过去分词中间，侧重动作刚完成 例句：I’ve just finished reading it. 翻译：我刚读完这本书。 already 已经 位置：肯定句，have/has 与分词中间；表动作提前完成 例句：She’s already borrowed it from the library. 翻译：她已经从图书馆借了这本书。 yet 已经；还 位置：仅用于否定句、疑问句，放句末 疑问句：Has Chen Jie read this book yet? 翻译：陈洁读完这本书了吗？ 否定句：No, I haven’t finished it yet. 翻译：不，我还没读完。 关键区分：already（肯定句，中间） vs yet（疑问 / 否定，句尾） 四、核心语法板块 3：一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 区分规则 一般过去时：强调动作发生在明确过去时间，和现在无关；句中常有 last/at the start of this year/in the past 等过去时间词 现在完成时：无明确过去时间，侧重对现在的结果、人生经历；搭配 ever/never/just/already/yet/so far 五、高频写作 / 答题必背句式 1.Have you ever + 过去分词…? 你曾经…… 吗？ 仿写：Have you ever read a Chinese classic? 2.I’ve never + 过去分词… 我从未…… 仿写：I’ve never joined a reading club. 3.I’ve just + 过去分词… 我刚刚…… 仿写：I’ve just finished my book report. 4.I’ve already + 过去分词… 我已经…… 仿写：I’ve already read over 10 novels. 5.Have you … yet? / I haven’t … yet. 仿写：Have you finished the report yet? I haven’t written it yet. 六、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：时间标志词判断时态 有明确过去时间（last year /at the start of this year /in the past）→ 一般过去时 so far /ever/never /just/already /yet → 现在完成时 易错点 2：already 不用于否定、疑问句；yet 不用于肯定句 ✅ I’ve already read the book. ✅ Have you read the book yet? ❌ I’ve yet read the book. / I haven’t read it already. 易错点 3：have/has 后面必须加过去分词，不能用动词原形 ✅ I’ve heard of the story. ❌ I’ve hear of the story. 易错点 4：has 主语仅限单数名词 / 第三人称单数（he/she/ 单个人名）；have 搭配 I/you/we/ 复数主语 七、教材原句复盘背诵 1.Have you decided on a book for your report? Yes, I have. 2.Has Peter ever heard of this book? No, he’s never heard of it. 3.Has Chen Jie read this book yet? No, but she’s already borrowed it. 4.I’ve just finished reading The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 八、口语任务 4d 话题素材（课堂采访可用） 采访问句模板（现在完成时） 1.Have you ever read all four Chinese literary classics? 2.Have you ever read a book in a different language? 3.Have you ever read a book with more than 500 pages? 4.Have you ever watched a movie based on a novel? 5.Have you ever read a book more than twice? 6.Have you ever joined a reading club? 单项选择。 ( )1. —Have you ______ read the four great Chinese classics? —No, I have ______ read any of them. A. ever; never B. never; ever C. already; yet D. yet; already ( )2. I have ______ finished my reading report. I don’t need more time. A. yet B. never C. already D. ever ( )3. —Has your sister finished the novel ______? —No, she hasn’t started it ______. A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. ever; already D. just; never ( )4. Peter has ______ heard of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, so he knows nothing about it. A. ever B. never C. just D. already ( )5. Look! I’ve ______ borrowed this storybook from the library five minutes ago. A. just B. never C. ever D. yet ( )6. Have you ______ joined any reading clubs at your school? A. never B. ever C. just D. already ( )7. My grandma ______ more than 30 storybooks so far. A. reads B. read C. has read D. will read ( )8. I ______ a book written by Lu Xun last summer vacation. A. read B. have read C. reads D. will read ( )9. —______ you ______ the book report yet? —Yes, I finished it this morning. A. Do; finish B. Did; finish C. Have; finished D. Will; finish ( )10. He ______ interested in foreign novels since he was ten years old. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ( )11. —Why don’t you share your book? —Sorry, I haven’t finished it ______. But I’ve ______ read half of it. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. never; just D. just; never ( )12. My cousin ______ to America three times, so he knows lots of Western stories. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. has been ( )13. —Have you ever watched movies based on old Chinese novels? —Yes. I ______ one called Journey to the West last month. A. watch B. watched C. have watched D. will watch ( )14. No one in our class ______ read a book with over 1000 pages so far. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet ( )15. I ______ realize how fun reading is until I joined the reading club last term. A. never B. have never C. never realized D. have never realized 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A（25-26八下湖南张家界期末） without   great   recommend   punish   him   a   base   inspire     hate   read Have you ever read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain? It is one of the     1     novels in American literary history. For many teenagers, it has been one of the most unforgettable books since they were young. The book shows the real life of children in the 19th century and the society they lived in. It is full of fun, courage and wisdom. For most     2    , this book has been so popular that we have never lost interest in it. We have never seen such     3     lively and lovely boy like Tom in other stories. He has brought us so much joy and courage. The writer     4     the story on his own childhood experiences in a small town. The main character Tom was a spoiled and naughty boy. He     5     school and always broke rules, so his aunt had to     6     him when he did something wrong. But Tom was not a bad boy. He was kind, brave and gentle inside. He always tried     7     best to help people in trouble. One day, he and his friends experienced some dangerous and mysterious things in a quiet place. They faced the bad people     8     fear and finally won. Tom changed a lot through these experiences. He grew from a selfish boy into a helpful one. Up to now, this book has     9     millions of young people around the world. Many teachers and parents often     10     it to students as a great lesson in life. B（25-26八下吉林期末）   从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，并将答案写在下方的横线上，其中有两个选项是多余的。 A. our     B. earlier     C. earliest     D. mainly     E. sadness     F. thousands G. but     H. sad     I. should     J. of     K. Among     L. collected The Book of Songs（《诗经》）is one of the most important Chinese classics. It is not only the start of ancient Chinese poetry but also the     1     collection of poems in China. It has     2     all kinds of musical works and poems from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. The poems were created by lots of people over a period     3     500 years. When I read this book, I feel like I’m having a talk with people from     4     of years ago. It’s just like stepping into their time.     5     all the poems in this book, my favorite is Homecoming After War (《采薇》). This poem     6     tells the story of soldiers (士兵) coming back home after a long war. They missed their homeland very much,     7     the war kept them from returning. By reading the poem, we can know what these soldiers went through, feel their     8    , and see how hard the war could be. I think everyone     9     read The Book of Songs. It touches     10     hearts and helps us know more about Chinese culture in its words. C（25-26八下陕西安康期末）  用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） man        catch        be        final        win        have        he        hard        difficulty        accept I have read a book named The Old Man and the Sea. The book was written by a world-famous writer, Ernest Miller Hemingway. It     1     made a big difference to my life. Now I always look on the bright side of life when I meet     2    . The book is about an old fisherman’s     3     life. He spent many days on the sea trying to     4     a fish, but his hard work turned out to be useless. Day after day, he came back home with nothing in his hands. But he always wore a smile on his face.     5    , on the 85th day, a huge fish turned up and a fight began. The old man won the fight against it. However, on his way home, several sharks hit the     6     boat and ate the fish. Few people could     7     such a bad situation, but the old man never gave up. The old man thought he could still go back home safely. After all, life is full of ups and downs. I really like the old man. He never gave up. He loved everything in     8     life, good or bad. The old man is a     9     in my heart though some people think he is a loser because he got nothing in the end. There     10     so many things that we can learn from him. D（25-26八下新疆乌鲁木齐期末） 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Have you ever read A Traveler Sees No Boundaries (《行者无疆》) by Yu Qiuyu? It is a book about travel and culture.     1     book tells us about Yu’s travels in over 96 famous cities. And it especially shows the writer’s great interest and his understanding of foreign cultures. While I was     2     (read) this book, I felt like I was traveling with the writer and seeing the beautiful places in each country. One of the     3     (amazing) parts of the book is Yu’s visit to Rome which is a romantic (浪漫的) city.     4    , the trip didn’t start well. When Yu     5     (one) arrived in Rome, he found that there were almost no people. Then after     6     (talk) with an old couple, he found out most of the people there were on a long holiday. How interesting! They lived happily and     7     (simple). The book always reminds the readers of the streets of Rome from time     8     time. For centuries, modern buildings have been with ancient ones, creating a mix of old and new. It also shows the similarities and     9     (different) between Eastern and Western countries to add more beauty to his writing. All in all, the book     10     (it) is a great encouragement for us to look for what we haven’t done before. E（25-26八下山东临沂期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you often look for a good book to read in your spare time?     1     (recent), I’ve read a wonderful book that I’d like to share with you—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》). The school librarian     2     (recommend) the book to me last month. She said it was     3     good read for middle school students, so I borrowed it from the library and finished reading it in just a few days. Now, I’d like to give you an     4     (introduce) to this amazing book. My Altay is written by Li Juan. It is based     5     her experiences in Xinjiang’s Altay area. In this book, Li Juan writes about the beautiful scenery there and the daily life of local herdsmen (牧民). Li Juan also talks about her own inner (内心的) world in the book. She writes, “In Altay, I learned how to live with nature harmoniously (和谐地), how to treat people sincerely, and how to listen to my own heart.” Her words deeply touch many     6     (reader). This book inspires me with     7     (it) simple and warm words. So far, it     8     (become) one of the most meaningful books I’ve ever read. Because of this book, I am willing     9     (change) myself for the better. For example, I’ve started to be more helpful, just like the kind herdsmen in Altay.     10     you want to read a book that can reach your heart and open your eyes, My Altay is a perfect choice. 完形填空。 A(25-26八下河南鹤壁期末） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, the little prince told me about the big problem with baobab trees (猴面包树) on his planet. He asked, sounding worried, “    1     eat bushes (灌木), right?” “Yes,” I said. “Ah... Good,” he replied. I didn’t understand why this     2    . Then he asked, “So they eat baobabs too?” “I     3     that...” Then I explained, “Baobabs are huge trees instead of little bushes. Even many elephants together couldn’t eat one baobab.” But then he said something wise, “    4     they grow so big, the baobabs start out by being little.” “That’s true,” I     5    . “But why do you want sheep to eat little baobabs?” I had to think hard to     6    . On his planet, good plants come from good seeds (种子), and bad plants come from bad seeds. Seeds are     7    , sleeping underground until waking up. Then, a little plant grows. If it’s a nice plant, one lets it grow. But if it’s bad, it will be one’s     8    . One must pull it up. His planet had many bad seeds: baobab seeds. They had a bad     9     on the planet. If one doesn’t dig out (挖出) a small baobab     10    , it becomes hard later. If the planet is small and     11    , too many baobabs can break it apart (撑破)! “So I made rules and followed them     12    : After I wash myself in the morning, I must carefully pull out the little baobabs as soon as I see them.” “Sometimes I     13     putting off (推迟) the work. But with baobabs, waiting means trouble. I knew a     14     man on a planet. He paid no attention to three little bushes...” I drew that planet according to his     15    . I don’t like giving lessons, but I’ll still say clearly, “Children, watch out for the baobabs!” 1. A．Elephants B．Cows C．Sheep D．Rabbits 2. A．finished B．mattered C．worked D．changed 3. A．doubted B．proved C．refused D．repeated 4. A．After B．Before C．Once D．Because 5. A．shut B．explained C．wondered D．agreed 6. A．understand B．report C．decide D．trust 7. A．lost B．hidden C．punished D．shown 8. A．family B．neighbour C．enemy D．friend 9. A．idea B．effect C．opinion D．dream 10. A．at the same time B．by the time C．at a time D．in time 11. A．powerful B．ugly C．weak D．beautiful 12. A．secretly B．strictly C．partly D．wildly 13. A．enjoy B．consider C．avoid D．forget 14. A．hard-working B．patient C．lazy D．tidy 15. A．introduction B．tradition C．resolution D．education B（25-26八下广东广州期末） An excerpt from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea Professor (教授) Aronnax, his servant (仆人) Conseil, and the Canadian harpooner (捕鲸手) Ned Land were searching for a mysterious sea monster. However, they soon discovered that the “monster” was actually a strange submarine (潜艇) called the Nautilus (鹦鹉螺号). They were taken aboard by Captain Nemo. Here is what happened next. The inside of the Nautilus was nothing like what I had expected. Instead of a dark and dirty space, I found myself in a     1     hallway. The walls were covered with beautiful paintings and shells. Captain Nemo led us into a large room. My eyes widened in     2    . It was a library! Thousands of books stood neatly on tall shelves. “This is my favourite place,” said Captain Nemo. “Here, I have     3     all the knowledge of the world.” Conseil, who loved science, could not     4     his excitement. He ran to a shelf and pulled out a book about sea animals. Ned Land, however, was not interested. “Books won’t help us get back to land,” he said in a low     5    . Captain Nemo     6     him. “You are free to walk around the ship,” he said coldly, “But you will never leave.” Later, Captain Nemo took us to a huge window. What we saw was amazing. Outside the window, there were colourful fish swimming through the bright lights of the ship. It was like swimming inside a living rainbow. “The sea is everything,” Captain Nemo said. “Here, I am truly     7    . On land, people fight and destroy. But under the sea, there is     8    . This is my true home.” Ned Land looked at the beautiful sea, but his mind was still on     9    . “One day,” he     10     to me, “we will find a way out!” 1. A．poor B．bright C．polluted D．damaged 2. A．surprise B．fear C．anger D．sadness 3. A．collected B．forgotten C．lost D．burned 4. A．hide B．show C．afford D．express 5. A．sound B．laughter C．crash D．voice 6. A．turned around B．turned to C．turned off D．turned on 7. A．tired B．lonely C．busy D．free 8. A．war B．noise C．peace D．danger 9. A．space B．sea C．land D．sky 10. A．asked B．laughed C．cried D．Whispered 阅读理解。 A（25-26八下安徽池州期末）  Welcome to our school’s “Reading Stars” club. Every month, our members share their favourite books. Here are this month’s picks. Book Recommender Comments Rating To Live (《活着》) by Yu Hua Li Ming, Grade 8 This book tells the story of a man named Fugui who went through many difficulties but still chose to live on. It taught me that life is valuable, no matter how hard it gets. ★★★★★ The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Zhang Xiaoting, Grade 7 This classic book is about love, friendship and what really matters in life. A must-read for all ages. It’s as famous as Charlotte’s Web. ★★★★★ Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe Wang Tao, Grade 8 This book tells the story of a man who survived for 28 years on an island. It shows how strong a person can be when facing challenges. ★★★★☆ 1. Which book is recommended by Li Ming? A．The Little Prince. B．To Live. C．Robinson Crusoe. D．Charlotte’s Web. 2. What does Wang Tao think of Robinson Crusoe? A．It’s too long. B．It teaches how to survive at sea. C．It’s difficult to understand. D．It shows how strong a person can be. 3. The passage is for ________. A．parents B．students C．teachers D．writers B（25-26八下重庆期末） The door opened. A tall, handsome old man came in slowly. He looked very troubled and tired. It was John Turner. “Good evening, Mr. Holmes,” he said. “I received your note, so I came.” “Please sit down, Mr. Turner,” said Holmes calmly. “I have been expecting you.” “I’m afraid you expect me to face trial (审判),” Turner said sadly. “You know everything, don’t you?” “Yes, I have known for some time,” said Holmes. “Then what will you do?” the old man asked. “I want to hear the story from your own mouth,” Holmes replied. “All right,” Turner sighed. “That Charles McCarthy, who died, is a terrible man. I don’t regret doing it. But I won’t go to court (法庭). I’m not afraid of death, but I cannot let my name and my daughter’s life be destroyed. I’ll tell you the truth, but only to you.” Holmes nodded. “I will keep the secret—you have my word.” “It’s a deal,” said Turner. “I’m seriously ill and I don’t have long to live. I’d rather die peacefully in my own bed than be hanged. I’ll tell you the whole story now.” Then Turner sat down and began. “In the early 1860s, I was in Australia, at the goldfields. I was young and fell in with some bad men, then together we robbed (抢劫) a gold transport. There were six of us. Charles McCarthy was the driver. We killed the guards, but spared his life because he promised he would never tell anyone. Later I came to England and bought this land and big house in Boscombe Valley. Years later, McCarthy turned up and threatened (威胁) me. He forced me to give him money and I have lived in fear ever since. Recently, he even tried to force my daughter to marry his son. That was what I couldn’t stand the most, so I met him by the Boscombe Pool and I told him I would never agree. He threatened me again and I became mad with anger…” — Adapted from The Boscombe Valley Mystery 1. What did Holmes expect Turner to do? A．To go to court. B．To go to the police. C．To tell him the truth. D．To take his daughter away. 2. How did Turner become rich according to the passage? A．He dug lots of gold at the goldfields in Australia. B．He robbed a gold transport with bad men in Australia. C．He found gold in Australia and bought land in England . D．He forced Charles McCarthy to give him money. 3. Which one best describes Turner’s feelings to his daughter? A．Proud and excited. B．Protective and loving. C．Angry and disappointed. D．Cold and uncaring. 4. Which picture shows what Turner probably did in the story? A． B． C． D． C（25-26八下江西南昌期末）  (One day, Gulliver was caught in a storm and his ship hit a rock and was then damaged (损坏). He was washed to the beach.When he woke up, he found himself in Lilliput and a lot of tiny people were around him.) The Emperor spoke in a low voice but I could hear all the words clearly. His Majesty and I often spoke to each other but neither of us understood a single word. I tried words from many languages. No one could understand me, not even the cleverest of the Emperor's followers. After about two hours, the Emperor left. His wife, children and their servants went too. There were strong guards around me. This was to stop the crowd of people from hurting me. An officer told the guards to hold six men who made me angry. These men were given to me and I had to choose their punishment. I put five of them in my pocket. Then I pretended (假装) to eat the sixth man. The poor man screamed terribly. The guards were worried when they saw my knife in my hand. I only cut the rope round his hands. Then I put him on his feet and let him go. I lifted the other five men out of my pocket and put them gently on the ground too. The people and the soldiers were very pleased with my great kindness. They told the Emperor about it immediately.The Emperor ordered his men to make a bed for me and they had to join six hundred of their little beds together to make one bed for me. At the same time the Emperor asked all his advisers for their advice on how to deal with me. They were very worried.If they set me free, I might be dangerous. I was eating so much food that soon all the people would be hungry. The farmers could not grow enough food to feed all of us. The wise men thought that they should kill me. But they would not be able to bury (埋葬) me. My dead body would smell. This might cause much illness all over the country. —Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1. To the tiny people, Gulliver was a(n) _________ at first. A．friend B．enemy C．relative D．tourist 2. The underlined word “them” refers to “_________”. A．the guards B．the officers C．the five men D．the soldiers 3. Put the following statements in the correct order according to the story. ①The Emperor ordered his men to make a big bed for Gulliver. ②They couldn’t understand each other. ③The Emperor spoke. ④Gulliver didn’t punish the six tiny people and let them go. ⑤The Emperor left. A．③⑤②①④ B．③②⑤④① C．⑤①④③② D．②⑤①③④ 4. Why didn’t the tiny people in Lilliput kill Gulliver finally? A．He was so strong that he would work for them. B．He was so big and they didn’t have the weapon to kill him. C．The Emperor and his family liked him so much that they didn’t agree. D．His dead body would smell and cause much illness in their country. . 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。（25-26八下湖北随州期末） I like reading in my free time. Up to now I have read plenty of books, including different kinds of magazines, daily newspapers and interesting storybooks. Among all these works, my favourite book is The Story of My Life. It was written by the famous American writer Helen Keller in 1902. In the book, Helen described her terrible childhood. She lost her sight, hearing and the ability to speak because of illness when she was only one year and seven months old. Living in a dark and silent world, she felt lonely and upset most of the time. Luckily, her life changed completely when she met her good teacher, Anne Sullivan. Helen was seven years old at that time. Helen was getting happier every day. Then, Anne Sullivan helped her learn how to write English words. At first, Miss Sullivan wrote some words on Helen’s hands with her fingers again and again. Helen was a very hard-working girl. She kept practising day and night. She tried her best to remember words. After that, she wrote many famous works. The Story of My Life is one of them. The Story of My Life tells us how she became a great writer of the world. We can learn an important thing from her: Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it! That’s exactly the reason why I love this book so much. The writer’s favourite book is     1    . (不超过5个词) Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Category (分类) Description Life experience Helen couldn’t see, hear or speak when she was     2    . (不超过7个词) Important person Helen’s teacher’s name is     3    . (不超过2个词) Spirit & Lesson Helen’s story tells us: Nothing is difficult if you     4    . (不超过5个词） What do you think of Helen Keller? Why?（答案不唯一，合理即可，不超过20词）     5     学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Day 15 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 现在完成时 & 标志副词 ever/never/just/already/yet（解析版） 现在完成时 & 标志副词 ever/never/just/already/yet 1、 核心语法板块1：现在完成时 基础框架 1. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have /has + 动词过去分词 否定句：主语 + haven’t /hasn’t + 动词过去分词 一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 缩写：I’ve = I have；she’s = she has；haven’t = have not；hasn’t = has not 2. 核心含义 1）过去发生的动作，对现在造成影响； 2）从过去持续到现在的经历、动作。 教材原句例句 Have you decided on a book for your report? 翻译：你确定好报告要读的书了吗？ I’ve just finished reading The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 翻译：我刚刚读完《三国演义》。 二、核心语法板块2： :五大标志副词用法（ever/never/just/already/yet） ever 曾经 位置：疑问句中，放在主语后、过去分词前 用法：询问人生过往经历 例句：Has Peter ever heard of this book? 翻译：彼得曾经听说过这本书吗？ never 从不，从未 位置：肯定句式中表否定，主语后、过去分词前 例句：He’s never heard of it. 翻译：他从没听过这本书。 just 刚刚 位置：have/has 与过去分词中间，侧重动作刚完成 例句：I’ve just finished reading it. 翻译：我刚读完这本书。 already 已经 位置：肯定句，have/has 与分词中间；表动作提前完成 例句：She’s already borrowed it from the library. 翻译：她已经从图书馆借了这本书。 yet 已经；还 位置：仅用于否定句、疑问句，放句末 疑问句：Has Chen Jie read this book yet? 翻译：陈洁读完这本书了吗？ 否定句：No, I haven’t finished it yet. 翻译：不，我还没读完。 关键区分：already（肯定句，中间） vs yet（疑问 / 否定，句尾） 四、核心语法板块 3：一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 区分规则 一般过去时：强调动作发生在明确过去时间，和现在无关；句中常有 last/at the start of this year/in the past 等过去时间词 现在完成时：无明确过去时间，侧重对现在的结果、人生经历；搭配 ever/never/just/already/yet/so far 五、高频写作 / 答题必背句式 1.Have you ever + 过去分词…? 你曾经…… 吗？ 仿写：Have you ever read a Chinese classic? 2.I’ve never + 过去分词… 我从未…… 仿写：I’ve never joined a reading club. 3.I’ve just + 过去分词… 我刚刚…… 仿写：I’ve just finished my book report. 4.I’ve already + 过去分词… 我已经…… 仿写：I’ve already read over 10 novels. 5.Have you … yet? / I haven’t … yet. 仿写：Have you finished the report yet? I haven’t written it yet. 六、易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：时间标志词判断时态 有明确过去时间（last year /at the start of this year /in the past）→ 一般过去时 so far /ever/never /just/already /yet → 现在完成时 易错点 2：already 不用于否定、疑问句；yet 不用于肯定句 ✅ I’ve already read the book. ✅ Have you read the book yet? ❌ I’ve yet read the book. / I haven’t read it already. 易错点 3：have/has 后面必须加过去分词，不能用动词原形 ✅ I’ve heard of the story. ❌ I’ve hear of the story. 易错点 4：has 主语仅限单数名词 / 第三人称单数（he/she/ 单个人名）；have 搭配 I/you/we/ 复数主语 七、教材原句复盘背诵 1.Have you decided on a book for your report? Yes, I have. 2.Has Peter ever heard of this book? No, he’s never heard of it. 3.Has Chen Jie read this book yet? No, but she’s already borrowed it. 4.I’ve just finished reading The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 八、口语任务 4d 话题素材（课堂采访可用） 采访问句模板（现在完成时） 1.Have you ever read all four Chinese literary classics? 2.Have you ever read a book in a different language? 3.Have you ever read a book with more than 500 pages? 4.Have you ever watched a movie based on a novel? 5.Have you ever read a book more than twice? 6.Have you ever joined a reading club? 单项选择。 ( )1. —Have you ______ read the four great Chinese classics? —No, I have ______ read any of them. A. ever; never B. never; ever C. already; yet D. yet; already ( )2. I have ______ finished my reading report. I don’t need more time. A. yet B. never C. already D. ever ( )3. —Has your sister finished the novel ______? —No, she hasn’t started it ______. A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. ever; already D. just; never ( )4. Peter has ______ heard of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, so he knows nothing about it. A. ever B. never C. just D. already ( )5. Look! I’ve ______ borrowed this storybook from the library five minutes ago. A. just B. never C. ever D. yet ( )6. Have you ______ joined any reading clubs at your school? A. never B. ever C. just D. already ( )7. My grandma ______ more than 30 storybooks so far. A. reads B. read C. has read D. will read ( )8. I ______ a book written by Lu Xun last summer vacation. A. read B. have read C. reads D. will read ( )9. —______ you ______ the book report yet? —Yes, I finished it this morning. A. Do; finish B. Did; finish C. Have; finished D. Will; finish ( )10. He ______ interested in foreign novels since he was ten years old. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ( )11. —Why don’t you share your book? —Sorry, I haven’t finished it ______. But I’ve ______ read half of it. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. never; just D. just; never ( )12. My cousin ______ to America three times, so he knows lots of Western stories. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. has been ( )13. —Have you ever watched movies based on old Chinese novels? —Yes. I ______ one called Journey to the West last month. A. watch B. watched C. have watched D. will watch ( )14. No one in our class ______ read a book with over 1000 pages so far. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet ( )15. I ______ realize how fun reading is until I joined the reading club last term. A. never B. have never C. never realized D. have never realized 答案1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 A（25-26八下湖南张家界期末） without   great   recommend   punish   him   a   base   inspire     hate   read Have you ever read The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain? It is one of the     1     novels in American literary history. For many teenagers, it has been one of the most unforgettable books since they were young. The book shows the real life of children in the 19th century and the society they lived in. It is full of fun, courage and wisdom. For most     2    , this book has been so popular that we have never lost interest in it. We have never seen such     3     lively and lovely boy like Tom in other stories. He has brought us so much joy and courage. The writer     4     the story on his own childhood experiences in a small town. The main character Tom was a spoiled and naughty boy. He     5     school and always broke rules, so his aunt had to     6     him when he did something wrong. But Tom was not a bad boy. He was kind, brave and gentle inside. He always tried     7     best to help people in trouble. One day, he and his friends experienced some dangerous and mysterious things in a quiet place. They faced the bad people     8     fear and finally won. Tom changed a lot through these experiences. He grew from a selfish boy into a helpful one. Up to now, this book has     9     millions of young people around the world. Many teachers and parents often     10     it to students as a great lesson in life. 【答案】【小题 1】greatest【小题 2】readers【小题 3】a【小题 4】based 【小题 5】hated【小题 6】punish【小题 7】his【小题 8】without【小题 9】inspired 【小题 10】recommend 【导语】本文介绍《汤姆・索亚历险记》的文学地位、主角汤姆的人物经历与成长，讲述这本书对青少年的激励作用。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：它是美国文学史上最伟大的小说之一。固定结构 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示 “最…… 之一”；形容词 great 变为最高级 greatest。 【小题 2】句意：对于大多数读者来说，这本书十分受欢迎，我们从未失去对它的兴趣。many/most 后接可数名词复数；动词 read 转化为指人的名词 reader，复数形式 readers，意为 “读者们”。 【小题 3】句意：我们从未在其他故事里见过像汤姆这样活泼可爱的男孩。此处为固定搭配 “such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”，lively 以辅音音素开头，因此填不定冠词 a。 【小题 4】句意：作者以自己在小镇的童年经历为基础创作了这个故事。固定短语 base sth. on sth.，全文叙述书籍创作背景为过去，动词 base 变为过去式 based。 【小题 5】句意：他讨厌上学，还总违反规矩。后文 broke rules 为一般过去时，时态保持一致，此处应用动词过去式；hate 变为过去式 hated，意为 “厌恶、讨厌”，符合语境。 【小题 6】句意：所以每当他做错事，姨妈就不得不惩罚他。固定搭配 have to do sth.，to 后接动词原形，备选词 punish，意为 “惩罚”，符合语境。 【小题 7】句意：他总是尽自己最大努力帮助身处困境的人。固定搭配 “try one’s best to do sth.”，意为 “尽某人最大努力”，主语为 He，宾格 him 转换为形容词性物主代词 his。 【小题 8】句意：他们毫无畏惧地面对坏人，最终取得胜利。介词 without 意为 “没有、无”，without fear 构成状语，表 “毫无畏惧”，贴合勇敢对抗坏人的语境。 【小题 9】句意：到目前为止，这本书激励了全世界数百万年轻人。时间标志 “Up to now” 是现在完成时标志，结构为 “have/has + 动词过去分词”；inspire 变为过去分词 inspired。 【小题 10】句意：许多老师和家长常常把它推荐给学生，当作一堂精彩的人生课。频率副词 often 表示经常性动作，主语 “Many teachers and parents” 为复数，谓语动词用原形 recommend；固定搭配 recommend sth. to sb. “向某人推荐某物”。 B（25-26八下吉林期末）   从方框中选择正确选项，完成短文，并将答案写在下方的横线上，其中有两个选项是多余的。 A. our     B. earlier     C. earliest     D. mainly     E. sadness     F. thousands G. but     H. sad     I. should     J. of     K. Among     L. collected The Book of Songs（《诗经》）is one of the most important Chinese classics. It is not only the start of ancient Chinese poetry but also the     1     collection of poems in China. It has     2     all kinds of musical works and poems from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. The poems were created by lots of people over a period     3     500 years. When I read this book, I feel like I’m having a talk with people from     4     of years ago. It’s just like stepping into their time.     5     all the poems in this book, my favorite is Homecoming After War (《采薇》). This poem     6     tells the story of soldiers (士兵) coming back home after a long war. They missed their homeland very much,     7     the war kept them from returning. By reading the poem, we can know what these soldiers went through, feel their     8    , and see how hard the war could be. I think everyone     9     read The Book of Songs. It touches     10     hearts and helps us know more about Chinese culture in its words. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】L【小题 3】J【小题 4】F【小题 5】K 【小题 6】D【小题 7】G【小题 8】E【小题 9】I【小题 10】A 【导语】本文介绍中国经典古籍《诗经》，介绍它是我国最早的诗歌总集，跨度五百年收录各类乐歌诗作，并以《采薇》为例体会征士的思乡悲苦，呼吁大家阅读这部浸润中华文化的典籍。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：它不但是中国古诗的开端，也是中国最早的诗歌合集。the 后接形容词最高级，earliest 意为 “最早的”，贴合《诗经》文学地位。 【小题 2】句意：它收录了从西周到春秋时期各类乐歌与诗篇。本句为现在完成时 “has + 过去分词”，collected（收集、收录）符合典籍搜集诗歌的语境。 【小题 3】句意：这些诗歌由无数人在长达 500 年的时间里创作而成。固定搭配 “a period of + 时间段”，意为 “一段…… 的时间”。 【小题 4】句意：读这本书时，我仿佛在和数千年前的古人对话。固定短语 thousands of 意为 “成千上万的、数千的”，修饰 years。 【小题 5】句意：在这本书所有诗歌之中，我最喜欢《采薇》。among 用于三者及以上事物之间，意为 “在…… 之中”，符合诗歌中最喜欢其中一首的语境，句首首字母大写。 【小题 6】句意：这首诗主要讲述士兵长年征战后归乡的故事。mainly 修饰动词 tells，意为 “主要地”，介绍《采薇》的主要内容。 【小题 7】句意：他们无比思念故土，可战争阻碍他们归家。前后分句转折关系，but 作连词表 “但是、可是”。 【小题 8】句意：读这首诗，我们能知晓士兵的遭遇、体会他们的悲苦，看见战争的残酷。形容词性物主代词 their 后接名词，sadness 为名词 “悲伤、愁苦”，介绍士兵的苦楚。 【小题 9】句意：我认为每个人都应当读一读《诗经》。情态动词 should 后接动词原形 read，意为 “应该、应当”，此处是建议大家应该读《诗经》。 【小题 10】句意：它触动我们的心灵，让我们从文字中深入了解中华文化。形容词性物主代词 our 修饰名词 hearts，意为 “我们的”，表示《诗经》触动我们的心灵。 C（25-26八下陕西安康期末）  用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） man        catch        be        final        win        have        he        hard        difficulty        accept I have read a book named The Old Man and the Sea. The book was written by a world-famous writer, Ernest Miller Hemingway. It     1     made a big difference to my life. Now I always look on the bright side of life when I meet     2    . The book is about an old fisherman’s     3     life. He spent many days on the sea trying to     4     a fish, but his hard work turned out to be useless. Day after day, he came back home with nothing in his hands. But he always wore a smile on his face.     5    , on the 85th day, a huge fish turned up and a fight began. The old man won the fight against it. However, on his way home, several sharks hit the     6     boat and ate the fish. Few people could     7     such a bad situation, but the old man never gave up. The old man thought he could still go back home safely. After all, life is full of ups and downs. I really like the old man. He never gave up. He loved everything in     8     life, good or bad. The old man is a     9     in my heart though some people think he is a loser because he got nothing in the end. There     10     so many things that we can learn from him. 【答案】【小题 1】has【小题 2】difficulties【小题 3】hard【小题 4】catch 【小题 5】Finally【小题 6】man’s【小题 7】accept【小题 8】his 【小题 9】winner【小题 10】are 【导语】本文介绍海明威名著《老人与海》带给作者的人生感悟，讲述老渔夫历经艰难捕鱼却最终一无所获仍永不言弃的故事，赞扬老人直面困境的可贵精神。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：它已经对我的生活产生了巨大的影响。句子为现在完成时，主语 It 后搭配助动词，选用备选词 have，变形为 has，“It has made” 是现在完成时结构，体现书籍带来的持续影响。 【小题 2】句意：如今当我遇到困难时，我总能看到生活积极的一面。meet 后接复数名词，此处表各类困境，选用备选词 difficulty，变形为 difficulties，意为 “困难”，契合生活中会遭遇多种磨难的语境。 【小题 3】句意：这本书讲述了一位老渔夫艰苦的一生。空格修饰名词 life，需形容词，选用备选词 hard，意为 “艰难的、困苦的”，对应老人长久捕不到鱼的贫苦生活。 【小题 4】句意：他在海上耗费数日，努力捕一条鱼……。固定搭配 try to do sth. 不定式后用动词原形，选用备选词 catch，意为 “捕捉、捕捞”，贴合渔夫出海捕鱼的行为。 【小题 5】句意：终于，在第 85 天，一条大鱼出现，一场搏斗拉开序幕。句首作时间状语需副词，且首字母大写，选用备选词 final，变形为 Finally，意为 “终于”，体现漫长等待后的转机。 【小题 6】句意：然而在返航途中，数条鲨鱼袭击了老人的船，把鱼吃掉了。空格修饰名词 boat，需名词所有格表所属，选用备选词 man，变形为 man’s，指代老渔夫的小船。 【小题 7】句意：几乎没有人能接受这样糟糕的处境，可老人从未放弃。情态动词 could 后接动词原形，选用备选词 accept，意为 “接受”，对比常人难以承受的打击与老人的坚韧。 【小题 8】句意：他热爱自己生活里的一切，无论好坏。空格修饰名词 life，需形容词性物主代词，选用备选词 he，变形为 his，指代老渔夫自身的人生。 【小题 9】句意：虽然有些人觉得这位老人到头来一无所获，是一个失败者，但在我心中，他却是赢家。不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，选用备选词 win，变形为 winner，意为 “赢家”，赞扬老人精神上的胜利。 【小题 10】句意：我们能从他身上学到许许多多东西。there be 句型遵循就近原则，后文 things 为复数，选用备选词 be，变形为 are，引出老人身上诸多值得学习的品质。 D（25-26八下新疆乌鲁木齐期末） 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Have you ever read A Traveler Sees No Boundaries (《行者无疆》) by Yu Qiuyu? It is a book about travel and culture.     1     book tells us about Yu’s travels in over 96 famous cities. And it especially shows the writer’s great interest and his understanding of foreign cultures. While I was     2     (read) this book, I felt like I was traveling with the writer and seeing the beautiful places in each country. One of the     3     (amazing) parts of the book is Yu’s visit to Rome which is a romantic (浪漫的) city.     4    , the trip didn’t start well. When Yu     5     (one) arrived in Rome, he found that there were almost no people. Then after     6     (talk) with an old couple, he found out most of the people there were on a long holiday. How interesting! They lived happily and     7     (simple). The book always reminds the readers of the streets of Rome from time     8     time. For centuries, modern buildings have been with ancient ones, creating a mix of old and new. It also shows the similarities and     9     (different) between Eastern and Western countries to add more beauty to his writing. All in all, the book     10     (it) is a great encouragement for us to look for what we haven’t done before. 【答案】【小题 1】The【小题 2】reading【小题 3】most amazing【小题 4】However【小题 5】first【小题 6】talking【小题 7】simply【小题 8】to 【小题 9】differences【小题 10】itself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍余秋雨的《行者无疆》这本书，讲述书中内容以及自己阅读这本书后的感悟。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：这本书讲述了余秋雨在 96 座著名城市的旅行。根据前文提到的 “A Traveler Sees No Boundaries” 可知，上文已经提到这本书，此处表特指，用 The，句首首字母大写。 【小题 2】句意：当我在读这本书的时候，我感觉自己好像和作者一起旅行，欣赏每个国家的美丽风景。该处为 while 引导的时间状语从句，时态为过去进行时，read 的现在分词是 reading。 【小题 3】句意：书中最令人惊叹的片段之一就是余秋雨游览浪漫的城市罗马。该处为固定结构 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，这里要用最高级。amazing 的最高级是 most amazing。 【小题 4】句意：然而，这次旅行开局并不顺利。前文讲罗马很浪漫，后面说旅途开端不好，前后为转折关系；空处位于句首，后面有逗号，因此填副词 however，句首首字母大写。 【小题 5】句意：当余秋雨第一次到达罗马的时候，他发现这儿几乎没有人。此处表达第一次，one 要变为副词 first。 【小题 6】句意：在和一对老夫妇交谈过后，他了解到大多数人都在度过长假。介词 after 后面接动名词，talk 的动名词是 talking。 【小题 7】句意：他们过得幸福又简朴。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词修饰动词 lived；simple 的副词形式是 simply。 【小题 8】句意：这本书时常让读者想起罗马的街道。该处为固定搭配 “from time to time”（时不时），所以填 to。 【小题 9】句意：这本书也展示东西方国家之间的相同之处和不同之处。and 前后形式保持一致，similarities 是名词复数，different 变为名词复数 differences。 【小题 10】句意：总而言之，这本书本身鼓励我们去尝试以前没有做过的事情。此处用反身代词 itself 指代这本书本身，因此填 itself。 E（25-26八下山东临沂期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you often look for a good book to read in your spare time?     1     (recent), I’ve read a wonderful book that I’d like to share with you—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》). The school librarian     2     (recommend) the book to me last month. She said it was     3     good read for middle school students, so I borrowed it from the library and finished reading it in just a few days. Now, I’d like to give you an     4     (introduce) to this amazing book. My Altay is written by Li Juan. It is based     5     her experiences in Xinjiang’s Altay area. In this book, Li Juan writes about the beautiful scenery there and the daily life of local herdsmen (牧民). Li Juan also talks about her own inner (内心的) world in the book. She writes, “In Altay, I learned how to live with nature harmoniously (和谐地), how to treat people sincerely, and how to listen to my own heart.” Her words deeply touch many     6     (reader). This book inspires me with     7     (it) simple and warm words. So far, it     8     (become) one of the most meaningful books I’ve ever read. Because of this book, I am willing     9     (change) myself for the better. For example, I’ve started to be more helpful, just like the kind herdsmen in Altay.     10     you want to read a book that can reach your heart and open your eyes, My Altay is a perfect choice. 【答案】【小题 1】Recently【小题 2】recommended【小题 3】a【小题 4】introduction 【小题 5】on【小题 6】readers【小题 7】its【小题 8】has become【小题 9】to change 【小题 10】If 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者分享了自己阅读《我的阿勒泰》这本书的经历和感受，介绍了书籍的内容、作者及对自己的启发，并推荐读者阅读这本书。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：最近，我读了一本很棒的书，想和你分享 ——《我的阿勒泰》。作时间状语，表示 “最近”，应用副词 recently，位于句首首字母大写。故填 Recently。 【小题 2】句意：学校图书管理员上个月向我推荐了这本书。根据时间状语 “last month” 可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，recommend 的过去式为 recommended。 【小题 3】句意：她说这对中学生来说是一本好书。此处泛指 “一本好书”，且 “good” 以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。 【小题 4】句意：现在，我想给你介绍一下这本神奇的书。空前有不定冠词 “an”，应用名词单数形式，introduce 的名词为 introduction，意为 “介绍”。 【小题 5】句意：这本书基于她在新疆阿勒泰地区的经历。“be based on” 意为 “基于……”。 【小题 6】句意：她的文字深深触动了许多读者。“reader” 为可数名词，前有 “many” 修饰，应用复数形式 readers。 【小题 7】句意：这本书用简单而温暖的语言启发了我。修饰名词 “words” 应用形容词性物主代词，it 的形容词性物主代词为 its，意为 “它的”。 【小题 8】句意：到目前为止，它已经成为我读过的最有意义的书之一。根据 “So far” 可知，应用现在完成时，主语 “it” 为第三人称单数，助动词用 has，become 的过去分词为 become。故填 has become。 【小题 9】句意：因为这本书，我愿意让自己变得更好。“be willing to do sth.” 意为 “愿意做某事”，应用不定式。故填 to change。 【小题 10】句意：如果你想读一本能触动心灵、开阔眼界的书，《我的阿勒泰》是一个完美的选择。此处引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”，应用 if，位于句首首字母大写。故填 If。 完形填空。 A(25-26八下河南鹤壁期末） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, the little prince told me about the big problem with baobab trees (猴面包树) on his planet. He asked, sounding worried, “    1     eat bushes (灌木), right?” “Yes,” I said. “Ah... Good,” he replied. I didn’t understand why this     2    . Then he asked, “So they eat baobabs too?” “I     3     that...” Then I explained, “Baobabs are huge trees instead of little bushes. Even many elephants together couldn’t eat one baobab.” But then he said something wise, “    4     they grow so big, the baobabs start out by being little.” “That’s true,” I     5    . “But why do you want sheep to eat little baobabs?” I had to think hard to     6    . On his planet, good plants come from good seeds (种子), and bad plants come from bad seeds. Seeds are     7    , sleeping underground until waking up. Then, a little plant grows. If it’s a nice plant, one lets it grow. But if it’s bad, it will be one’s     8    . One must pull it up. His planet had many bad seeds: baobab seeds. They had a bad     9     on the planet. If one doesn’t dig out (挖出) a small baobab     10    , it becomes hard later. If the planet is small and     11    , too many baobabs can break it apart (撑破)! “So I made rules and followed them     12    : After I wash myself in the morning, I must carefully pull out the little baobabs as soon as I see them.” “Sometimes I     13     putting off (推迟) the work. But with baobabs, waiting means trouble. I knew a     14     man on a planet. He paid no attention to three little bushes...” I drew that planet according to his     15    . I don’t like giving lessons, but I’ll still say clearly, “Children, watch out for the baobabs!” 1. A．Elephants B．Cows C．Sheep D．Rabbits 2. A．finished B．mattered C．worked D．changed 3. A．doubted B．proved C．refused D．repeated 4. A．After B．Before C．Once D．Because 5. A．shut B．explained C．wondered D．agreed 6. A．understand B．report C．decide D．trust 7. A．lost B．hidden C．punished D．shown 8. A．family B．neighbour C．enemy D．friend 9. A．idea B．effect C．opinion D．dream 10. A．at the same time B．by the time C．at a time D．in time 11. A．powerful B．ugly C．weak D．beautiful 12. A．secretly B．strictly C．partly D．wildly 13. A．enjoy B．consider C．avoid D．forget 14. A．hard-working B．patient C．lazy D．tidy 15. A．introduction B．tradition C．resolution D．education 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】B【小题 3】A【小题 4】B【小题 5】D【小题 6】A 【小题 7】B【小题 8】C【小题 9】B【小题 10】D【小题 11】C【小题 12】B【小题 13】B【小题 14】C【小题 15】A 【导语】本文改编自《小王子》。小王子讲述猴面包树的危害，强调须及时清除坏种子，否则星球会被撑破，以此警示孩子们要警惕坏习惯。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：“羊吃灌木，对吧？” 根据下文 Then he asked, “So they eat baobabs too?” 以及常识可知，小王子是在确认羊是否吃灌木。Sheep “羊” 符合语境。Elephants “大象”、Cows “牛”、Rabbits “兔子” 均不符合原著情节及上下文逻辑。 【小题 2】句意：我不明白这有什么重要的。 根据上文 “I didn’t understand why this...” 以及下文小王子继续追问羊是否吃猴面包树，说明叙述者当时并不理解小王子为何如此在意这件事。mattered “要紧、有关系” 符合语境。finished “完成”、worked “工作”、changed “改变” 均不符。 【小题 3】句意：我怀疑那种说法。 根据上下文，叙述者对羊吃猴面包树的说法存疑，随后解释猴面包树不是灌木而是大树，哪怕很多大象一起也吃不掉一棵猴面包树。doubted “怀疑” 符合语境。proved “证明”、refused “拒绝”、repeated “重复” 均不符。 【小题 4】句意：但是在它们长得那么大之前，猴面包树起初是很小的。 根据句意逻辑，这里表示时间关系，即在变大 “之前”。Before “在…… 之前” 符合语境。After “在…… 之后”、Once “一旦”、Because “因为” 均不符。 【小题 5】句意：“那是真的，” 我同意道。 叙述者认可小王子关于猴面包树起初很小的说法。agreed “同意” 符合语境。shut “关闭”、explained “解释”、wondered “想知道” 均不符。 【小题 6】句意：我必须努力思考才能理解。 根据上文 “But why do you want sheep to eat little baobabs?”，叙述者对此感到困惑，需要思考去弄懂其中的原因。understand “理解” 符合语境。report “报告”、decide “决定”、trust “信任” 均不符。 【小题 7】句意：种子是藏在地下的，直到醒来。 根据后文 sleeping underground（睡在地下），说明种子是隐蔽的。hidden “隐藏” 符合语境。lost “丢失”、punished “惩罚”、shown “展示” 均不符。 【小题 8】句意：但如果它是一棵坏植物，它就会成为星球的敌人。 根据后文提到如果不拔除它会撑破星球，说明坏植物是有害的。enemy “敌人” 符合语境，指代有害的猴面包树，符合语境。family “家庭”、neighbour “邻居”、friend “朋友” 均不符。 【小题 9】句意：它们在星球上产生了坏的影响。 根据上下文，猴面包树如果不被控制会破坏星球，这是一种负面的作用。effect “影响、效果” 符合语境，have a bad effect on... 意为 “对…… 产生坏影响”。idea “主意”、opinion “观点”、dream “梦想” 均不符。 【小题 10】句意：如果一个人不及时挖出小猴面包树，以后它就变硬了。 根据句意，必须在它还是小苗的时候处理，否则就晚了。in time “及时” 符合语境。at the same time “同时”、by the time “到… 时候为止”、at a time “一次” 均不符。 【小题 11】句意：如果星球很小而且很脆弱，太多的猴面包树会把它撑破。 根据后文 break it apart（把它撑破），说明星球承受力有限。weak “脆弱的、弱小的” 符合语境。powerful “强大的”、ugly “丑陋的”、beautiful “美丽的” 均不能体现易被破坏的特点。 【小题 12】句意：所以我制定了规则并严格遵守。 根据后文描述的繁琐的日常清理工作，说明执行得很严格。strictly “严格地” 符合语境。secretly “秘密地”、partly “部分地”、wildly “狂野地” 均不符。 【小题 13】句意：有时候我会考虑推迟这项工作。 此处表示一种转折，表示虽然会考虑推迟这项工作，但这件事不能拖。consider “考虑” 符合语境。enjoy “喜欢”、avoid “避免”、forget “忘记” 均不符。 【小题 14】句意：我知道一个懒惰的人住在一个星球上。 根据后文 He paid no attention to three little bushes，导致后果严重，说明这个人很懒，不做清洁工作。lazy “懒惰的” 符合语境。hard-working “勤奋的”、patient “耐心的”、tidy “整洁的” 均与描述相反。 【小题 15】句意：我是根据他的描述画出了那个星球。 叙述者作为画家，是根据小王子的口头讲述来介绍的。introduction “介绍” 符合语境。tradition “传统”；resolution “决心”；education “教育” 均不符。 B（25-26八下广东广州期末） An excerpt from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea Professor (教授) Aronnax, his servant (仆人) Conseil, and the Canadian harpooner (捕鲸手) Ned Land were searching for a mysterious sea monster. However, they soon discovered that the “monster” was actually a strange submarine (潜艇) called the Nautilus (鹦鹉螺号). They were taken aboard by Captain Nemo. Here is what happened next. The inside of the Nautilus was nothing like what I had expected. Instead of a dark and dirty space, I found myself in a     1     hallway. The walls were covered with beautiful paintings and shells. Captain Nemo led us into a large room. My eyes widened in     2    . It was a library! Thousands of books stood neatly on tall shelves. “This is my favourite place,” said Captain Nemo. “Here, I have     3     all the knowledge of the world.” Conseil, who loved science, could not     4     his excitement. He ran to a shelf and pulled out a book about sea animals. Ned Land, however, was not interested. “Books won’t help us get back to land,” he said in a low     5    . Captain Nemo     6     him. “You are free to walk around the ship,” he said coldly, “But you will never leave.” Later, Captain Nemo took us to a huge window. What we saw was amazing. Outside the window, there were colourful fish swimming through the bright lights of the ship. It was like swimming inside a living rainbow. “The sea is everything,” Captain Nemo said. “Here, I am truly     7    . On land, people fight and destroy. But under the sea, there is     8    . This is my true home.” Ned Land looked at the beautiful sea, but his mind was still on     9    . “One day,” he     10     to me, “we will find a way out!” 1. A．poor B．bright C．polluted D．damaged 2. A．surprise B．fear C．anger D．sadness 3. A．collected B．forgotten C．lost D．burned 4. A．hide B．show C．afford D．express 5. A．sound B．laughter C．crash D．voice 6. A．turned around B．turned to C．turned off D．turned on 7. A．tired B．lonely C．busy D．free 8. A．war B．noise C．peace D．danger 9. A．space B．sea C．land D．sky 10. A．asked B．laughed C．cried D．Whispered 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】A【小题 3】A【小题 4】A【小题 5】D【小题 6】B 【小题 7】D【小题 8】C【小题 9】C【小题 10】D 【导语】本文节选自《海底两万里》。讲述教授等人发现鹦鹉螺号内部景象，及尼摩船长与同伴对海洋和陆地不同态度的故事。 【详解】【小题 1】句意：我发现自己身处一个明亮的走廊，而不是一个黑暗又肮脏的空间。 根据上文 “Instead of a dark and dirty space” 可知，这里描述的是与黑暗肮脏相反的环境，bright “明亮的” 符合语境，poor “贫穷的；可怜的”、polluted “受污染的”、damaged “损坏的” 均不符合。 【小题 2】句意：我惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 根据后文 “It was a library! Thousands of books stood neatly on tall shelves.” 可知，看到这样一个图书馆，“我” 应该是惊讶的，in surprise “惊讶地” 符合语境，fear “恐惧”、anger “愤怒”、sadness “悲伤” 均不合适。 【小题 3】句意：在这里，我收集了世界上所有的知识。 根据语境，船长说 “Here, I have all the knowledge of the world.”，意思是在这里他收集了世界上所有的知识，collected “收集” 符合语境，forgotten “忘记”、lost “丢失”、burned “燃烧；烧毁” 都不符合。 【小题 4】句意：热爱科学的康塞尔无法隐藏他的兴奋。 根据 “He ran to a shelf and pulled out a book about sea animals.” 可知，热爱科学的康塞尔无法掩藏他的兴奋，hide “隐藏” 符合语境，show “展示”、afford “负担得起”、express “表达” 均不符合此处 “无法抑制、隐藏” 的意思。 【小题 5】句意：“书可帮不了我们回到陆地，” 他低声说道。 根据 “said in a low...” 可知，此处表示低声说话，in a low voice “低声地” 是固定搭配，sound “声音，泛指一切声音”、laughter “笑声”、crash “碰撞声；撞击声” 均不符合。 【小题 6】句意：尼摩船长转向他。 根据语境，船长转向他说话，turn to “转向” 符合语境，turn around “转身；回转”、turn off “关掉”、turn on “打开” 均不符合。 【小题 7】句意：在这里，我是真正自由的。 根据后文 “On land, people fight and destroy. But under the sea, there is...” 可知，在陆地上人们争斗破坏，而在海里船长是自由的，free “自由的” 符合语境，tired “疲倦的”、lonely “孤独的”、busy “忙碌的” 均不符合。 【小题 8】句意：但在海底，这里有和平。 根据前文 “On land, people fight and destroy.” 以及转折词 But 可知，在海里是和平的，peace “和平” 符合语境，war “战争”、noise “噪音”、danger “危险” 均不符合。 【小题 9】句意：尼德・兰望着美丽的大海，但他的心思仍在陆地上。 根据前文 “Books won’t help us get back to land” 以及 “but his mind was still on...” 可知，尼德・兰心里仍然想着陆地，land “陆地” 符合语境，space “太空”、sea “海洋”、sky “天空” 均不符合。 【小题 10】句意：他对我低语道，“我们会找到出去的办法！”。 根据语境，尼德・兰不想让船长听到他说的话，所以是低声耳语，whispered “耳语；低声说” 符合语境，asked “问”、laughed “笑”、cried “哭；喊叫” 均不符合。 阅读理解。 A（25-26八下安徽池州期末）  Welcome to our school’s “Reading Stars” club. Every month, our members share their favourite books. Here are this month’s picks. Book Recommender Comments Rating To Live (《活着》) by Yu Hua Li Ming, Grade 8 This book tells the story of a man named Fugui who went through many difficulties but still chose to live on. It taught me that life is valuable, no matter how hard it gets. ★★★★★ The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Zhang Xiaoting, Grade 7 This classic book is about love, friendship and what really matters in life. A must-read for all ages. It’s as famous as Charlotte’s Web. ★★★★★ Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe Wang Tao, Grade 8 This book tells the story of a man who survived for 28 years on an island. It shows how strong a person can be when facing challenges. ★★★★☆ 1. Which book is recommended by Li Ming? A．The Little Prince. B．To Live. C．Robinson Crusoe. D．Charlotte’s Web. 2. What does Wang Tao think of Robinson Crusoe? A．It’s too long. B．It teaches how to survive at sea. C．It’s difficult to understand. D．It shows how strong a person can be. 3. The passage is for ________. A．parents B．students C．teachers D．writers 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】D【小题 3】B 【导语】本文介绍学校 “阅读之星” 俱乐部本月三本推荐书籍《活着》、《小王子》、《鲁滨逊漂流记》，分别标注推荐人、作者并附上评价与推荐指数。 【详解】【小题 1】根据表格第二行内容，在 “Recommender” 列找到 “Li Ming, Grade 8”，其对应的 “Book” 列显示为 “To Live”。 【小题 2】根据表格第四行内容，在 “Recommender” 列找到 “Wang Tao”，其对应的 “Comments” 列中写道 “It shows how strong a person can be when facing challenges.”。选项 D 与此意相符。 【小题 3】根据文章开头 “Welcome to our school’s ‘Reading Stars’ club.” 以及表格中推荐人身份为 “Grade 8” 和 “Grade 7” 可知，这是学校社团活动，面向的对象是学生。 B（25-26八下重庆期末） The door opened. A tall, handsome old man came in slowly. He looked very troubled and tired. It was John Turner. “Good evening, Mr. Holmes,” he said. “I received your note, so I came.” “Please sit down, Mr. Turner,” said Holmes calmly. “I have been expecting you.” “I’m afraid you expect me to face trial (审判),” Turner said sadly. “You know everything, don’t you?” “Yes, I have known for some time,” said Holmes. “Then what will you do?” the old man asked. “I want to hear the story from your own mouth,” Holmes replied. “All right,” Turner sighed. “That Charles McCarthy, who died, is a terrible man. I don’t regret doing it. But I won’t go to court (法庭). I’m not afraid of death, but I cannot let my name and my daughter’s life be destroyed. I’ll tell you the truth, but only to you.” Holmes nodded. “I will keep the secret—you have my word.” “It’s a deal,” said Turner. “I’m seriously ill and I don’t have long to live. I’d rather die peacefully in my own bed than be hanged. I’ll tell you the whole story now.” Then Turner sat down and began. “In the early 1860s, I was in Australia, at the goldfields. I was young and fell in with some bad men, then together we robbed (抢劫) a gold transport. There were six of us. Charles McCarthy was the driver. We killed the guards, but spared his life because he promised he would never tell anyone. Later I came to England and bought this land and big house in Boscombe Valley. Years later, McCarthy turned up and threatened (威胁) me. He forced me to give him money and I have lived in fear ever since. Recently, he even tried to force my daughter to marry his son. That was what I couldn’t stand the most, so I met him by the Boscombe Pool and I told him I would never agree. He threatened me again and I became mad with anger…” — Adapted from The Boscombe Valley Mystery 1. What did Holmes expect Turner to do? A．To go to court. B．To go to the police. C．To tell him the truth. D．To take his daughter away. 2. How did Turner become rich according to the passage? A．He dug lots of gold at the goldfields in Australia. B．He robbed a gold transport with bad men in Australia. C．He found gold in Australia and bought land in England . D．He forced Charles McCarthy to give him money. 3. Which one best describes Turner’s feelings to his daughter? A．Proud and excited. B．Protective and loving. C．Angry and disappointed. D．Cold and uncaring. 4. Which picture shows what Turner probably did in the story? A． B． C． D． 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】B【小题 3】B【小题 4】C 【导语】本文是改编自《博斯科姆比溪谷谜案》的记叙文，主要讲述了约翰・特纳来到福尔摩斯的住处，向福尔摩斯坦白自己杀死查尔斯・麦卡锡的过往和杀人原因的故事。 【详解】【小题 1】根据第七段福尔摩斯的话 “I want to hear the story from your own mouth” 可知，福尔摩斯见到特纳就是期望对方说出真相。 【小题 2】根据最后一段特纳的自述 “In the early 1860s, I was in Australia, at the goldfields. I was young and fell in with some bad men, then together we robbed a gold transport.” 可知，特纳的财富来源于他在澳大利亚和同伙抢劫黄金运输队。 【小题 3】根据第八段特纳的表述 “but I cannot let my name and my daughter’s life be destroyed” 和最后一段 “Recently, he even tried to force my daughter to marry his son. That was what I couldn’t stand the most” 可以推知，特纳非常爱护自己的女儿，拼尽全力保护女儿的人生不被毁掉，他对女儿是保护且充满爱意的。 【小题 4】根据原文内容，特纳在池塘边和麦卡锡争执后愤怒杀死了对方，两人发生了肢体冲突。C 选项对应的图片是两人持枪对峙，符合故事里特纳杀人时的行为；其他选项中，A 选项是两人肢体冲突的场景，B 对应握手言和、D 对应仅口头争吵，均不符合故事情节。 C（25-26八下江西南昌期末）  (One day, Gulliver was caught in a storm and his ship hit a rock and was then damaged (损坏). He was washed to the beach.When he woke up, he found himself in Lilliput and a lot of tiny people were around him.) The Emperor spoke in a low voice but I could hear all the words clearly. His Majesty and I often spoke to each other but neither of us understood a single word. I tried words from many languages. No one could understand me, not even the cleverest of the Emperor's followers. After about two hours, the Emperor left. His wife, children and their servants went too. There were strong guards around me. This was to stop the crowd of people from hurting me. An officer told the guards to hold six men who made me angry. These men were given to me and I had to choose their punishment. I put five of them in my pocket. Then I pretended (假装) to eat the sixth man. The poor man screamed terribly. The guards were worried when they saw my knife in my hand. I only cut the rope round his hands. Then I put him on his feet and let him go. I lifted the other five men out of my pocket and put them gently on the ground too. The people and the soldiers were very pleased with my great kindness. They told the Emperor about it immediately.The Emperor ordered his men to make a bed for me and they had to join six hundred of their little beds together to make one bed for me. At the same time the Emperor asked all his advisers for their advice on how to deal with me. They were very worried.If they set me free, I might be dangerous. I was eating so much food that soon all the people would be hungry. The farmers could not grow enough food to feed all of us. The wise men thought that they should kill me. But they would not be able to bury (埋葬) me. My dead body would smell. This might cause much illness all over the country. —Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1. To the tiny people, Gulliver was a(n) _________ at first. A．friend B．enemy C．relative D．tourist 2. The underlined word “them” refers to “_________”. A．the guards B．the officers C．the five men D．the soldiers 3. Put the following statements in the correct order according to the story. ①The Emperor ordered his men to make a big bed for Gulliver. ②They couldn’t understand each other. ③The Emperor spoke. ④Gulliver didn’t punish the six tiny people and let them go. ⑤The Emperor left. A．③⑤②①④ B．③②⑤④① C．⑤①④③② D．②⑤①③④ 4. Why didn’t the tiny people in Lilliput kill Gulliver finally? A．He was so strong that he would work for them. B．He was so big and they didn’t have the weapon to kill him. C．The Emperor and his family liked him so much that they didn’t agree. D．His dead body would smell and cause much illness in their country. 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】C【小题 3】B【小题 4】D 【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，讲述格列佛遭遇风暴漂流到小人国利立浦特，小人最初戒备他，格列佛宽容对待冒犯他的小人，同时大臣们讨论处置格列佛，因为担心尸体引发瘟疫而没有选择杀死他。 【详解】【小题 1】根据文章第三段 “There were strong guards around me. This was to stop the crowd of people from hurting me.”。可知，起初小人国的人对格列佛充满戒备，视其为潜在威胁或敌人。 【小题 2】根据上文 “I put five of them in my pocket.” 以及本句 “I lifted the other five men out of my pocket and put them gently on the ground too.” 可知，them 指代的是前文提到的被放进口袋的 “the five men”。 【小题 3】根据故事发展顺序：首先第二段提到 “The Emperor spoke...”（皇帝说话，对应③）；接着同段提到 “neither of us understood...”（彼此听不懂，对应②）；然后第三段 “After about two hours, the Emperor left.”（皇帝离开，对应⑤）；之后第四、五段讲述格列佛放过六个人的事（对应④）；最后第六段 “The Emperor ordered his men to make a bed for me...”（皇帝下令做床，对应①）。正确顺序为③②⑤④①。 【小题 4】根据文章最后一段 “But they would not be able to bury me. My dead body would smell. This might cause much illness all over the country.” 可知，不杀他的主要原因是尸体处理问题会引发疾病。 . 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。（25-26八下湖北随州期末） I like reading in my free time. Up to now I have read plenty of books, including different kinds of magazines, daily newspapers and interesting storybooks. Among all these works, my favourite book is The Story of My Life. It was written by the famous American writer Helen Keller in 1902. In the book, Helen described her terrible childhood. She lost her sight, hearing and the ability to speak because of illness when she was only one year and seven months old. Living in a dark and silent world, she felt lonely and upset most of the time. Luckily, her life changed completely when she met her good teacher, Anne Sullivan. Helen was seven years old at that time. Helen was getting happier every day. Then, Anne Sullivan helped her learn how to write English words. At first, Miss Sullivan wrote some words on Helen’s hands with her fingers again and again. Helen was a very hard-working girl. She kept practising day and night. She tried her best to remember words. After that, she wrote many famous works. The Story of My Life is one of them. The Story of My Life tells us how she became a great writer of the world. We can learn an important thing from her: Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it! That’s exactly the reason why I love this book so much. The writer’s favourite book is     1    . (不超过5个词) Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Category (分类) Description Life experience Helen couldn’t see, hear or speak when she was     2    . (不超过7个词) Important person Helen’s teacher’s name is     3    . (不超过2个词) Spirit & Lesson Helen’s story tells us: Nothing is difficult if you     4    . (不超过5个词） What do you think of Helen Keller? Why?（答案不唯一，合理即可，不超过20词）     5     【答案】【小题 1】The Story of My Life 【小题 2】one year and seven months old 【小题 3】Anne Sullivan 【小题 4】put your heart into it 【小题 5】I think she is hard-working because she never gives up when facing many difficulties. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者最喜欢的书《我的人生故事》及其作者海伦・凯勒的生平事迹、学习经历以及文章传达的精神启示。 【详解】【小题 1】第一段提到 “Among all these works, my favourite book is The Story of My Life.”，可知作者最喜欢的书是 The Story of My Life。答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 【小题 2】根据第二段 “She lost her sight, hearing and the ability to speak because of illness when she was only one year and seven months old.” 可知患病时的年龄为 one year and seven months old。答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 【小题 3】根据第二段 “Luckily, her life changed completely when she met her good teacher, Anne Sullivan.” 可知，老师的名字为 Anne Sullivan。答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 【小题 4】根据第三段 “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it!” 可知，文章传达的精神为 put your heart into it。答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 【小题 5】本题为开放性试题，需评价海伦・凯勒并说明理由。可围绕坚强、勤奋、不屈不挠等角度展开，言之有理且不超过 20 词即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $