Unit 6能力检测卷2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级下册

**基本信息** 本卷为外研版英语九年级下册Unit 6单元检测卷，以航天科技为主题，融合嫦娥任务、天宫空间站等真实情境，全面考查语言运用与跨文化意识，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词语运用|10题/10分|词形转换（excite→excitement）、汉译英（历史地标）|结合航天术语，强化词汇应用| |阅读理解|15题/30分|细节查找（太空垃圾速度）、推理判断（火星水存在）|选用2026年天宫防护等科技素材，培养信息获取能力| |书面表达|1题/10分|活动描述（航天主题活动）、观点表达|关联真实校园活动，渗透坚持不懈的科学精神|

2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级下册Unit 6能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的形式填空 1.He shouted in (excite) when he heard the good news. 2.You need to stay (prepare) when you meet challenges. 3.The engineers are fully (qualify) to work on Chang’e missions. 4.Her (willing) to try new things makes her successful. 5.We (proud) watch every success of space exploration. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 6.你有资格参加这场比赛。 You take part in the competition. 7.我们有很多时间做准备。 There is for us to prepare. 8.长城是中国重要的历史地标。 The Great Wall is an important of China. 9.嫦娥五号从月球采集土壤并带回地球。 Chang’e-5 the moon and brought it back to Earth. 10.简单来说，熟能生巧。 , practice makes perfect. 二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 11.Scientists new expressions to describe lunar research. A.coined B.wrote C.remembered D.found ( ) 12. this button to start the machine. Remember not to touch other keys. A.Repair B.Press C.Catch D.Lift ( ) 13.We found some animal on the sand. We followed them to look for the animal. A.pictures B.sounds C.footprints D.shapes ( ) 14.The machine can great temperature changes on the Moon. It helps scientists carry out research smoothly. A.operate B.separate C.uncover D.withstand ( ) 15.Hold your head and never give up. Every small effort brings you closer to your dream. A.high B.beyond C.fully D.surely ( ) 16.Scientists spent years preparing for the difficult task. The on the far side of the Moon was a great success. A.greeting B.lifetime C.landing D.partner ( ) 17.Over ________ of the students went to the lab to do experiments. A. two third B. two thirds C. second three D. second thirds ( ) 18.Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A. which B. whom C. who D.whose ( ) 19.The notebook is the first gift ________ I received from my father. It means a lot to me. A. that B. who C. which D.what ( ) 20.The shop ________ sells many delicious snacks is near my school. A. what B. which C. whom D.where 三、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) In 2025, China’s space station Tiangong (天宫) became a busy place again. Three astronauts (宇航员) arrived to continue scientific work. Among them was 42-year-old Wang Hao, who was making his first space trip. The team spent six months in space. They did experiments in the microgravity (微重力) environment. One of the most exciting moments was the spacewalk. When Wang Hao first stepped out of the capsule (舱), he felt his heart beating fast. Looking down at the Earth, a beautiful blue planet, he was ____21____ by its beauty. “It’s something you can never ____22____ from the ground,” he said later. Life in space was not just about work. They celebrated the Lunar New Year together, hanging red lanterns that ____23____ in the air. They also had video calls with students on Earth, answering questions about space life. Many young people were ____24____ to learn how astronauts drink water-it floats in little balls! However, the work was not easy. Every task required ____25____ training and careful planning. Once, a small problem with the air system ____26____ the whole team work for hours to fix it. “We are like a family,” Wang Hao said. “When one of us faces a ____27____, all of us work together.” The task was a great ____28____. After returning to Earth, Wang Hao visited schools to share his experience. He told students, “Space is hard, but if you have a dream and never ____29____, you can reach the stars.” His words ____30____ many young people to set their eyes on the sky. ( ) 21. A. amazed B. bored C. scared D. tired ( ) 22. A. hide B. imagine C. discover D. record ( ) 23. A. floated B. fell C. moved D. dropped ( ) 24. A. worried B. sorry C. surprised D. nervous ( ) 25. A. cheap B. easy C. free D. strict ( ) 26. A. caused B. made C. helped D. let ( ) 27. A. chance B. choice C. change D. challenge ( ) 28. A. problem B. risk C. success D. accident ( ) 29. A. grow up B. stay up C. wake up D. give up ( ) 30. A. encouraged B. ordered C. warned D. forced 四、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A China’s Tiangong space station got some new protection. On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours. They put up special panels (防护板) outside the station to keep it safe from space junk. So, what is space junk? It is things that humans have left in space. Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore. Some is tiny, like small pieces of rockets or even little chips of paint. But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships. Right now, there are about 34,000 big pieces of junk (larger than 10 cm) going around Earth, and millions of smaller pieces, too. Why did they decide to put up special panels outside the station? Well, there was a problem with Shenzhou-20 spaceship. It was supposed to bring three astronauts home from Tiangong. But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it. Tiangong is a home in space where astronauts live and do science experiments (实验) for months. With the new panels, it will be safer from all that speeding space junk. ( ) 31. How long did the astronauts’ spacewalk on March 16 take? A. 2 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours. ( ) 32. What does space junk include? A. Natural rocks from space. B. Plants on space station. C. Old satellites with no use. D. Astronaut tools in use. ( ) 33. Why is space junk dangerous? A. It is too large. B. It moves very fast. C. It is near Earth. D. It pollutes the space. ( ) 34. What does the underlined word “cracks” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Small breaks. B. Some pictures. C. Finger prints. D. New parts. ( ) 35. What is the best title for this text? A. Live and Work in Space B. Visit China’s Space Station C. Enjoy a Space Travel D. Protect Tiangong from Space Junk B The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. ( ) 36. What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代) in paragraph 2? A. Earth. B. Solar surface. C. Mars. D. Microbial life. ( ) 37. Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To explain the great influence of solar wind. B. To provide further information about Mars. C. To stress the importance of water on Mars. D. To suggest keeping skin from getting dry. ( ) 38. How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? A. By sending out the spaceship to Mars. B. By measuring the amount of salt on Mars. C. By checking the materials collected from Mars. D. By noticing the number of reflected radio waves. ( ) 39. What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? A. Comfortable. B. Hopeful. C. Disappointed. D. Uncaring. ( ) 40. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Exploration of Energy on Mars B. The Situation of Living Things on Mars C. The Explanation of The Climate on Mars D. The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars C A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ▲ . The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000 ℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100 g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 g to 7.6 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of human living on the moon! ( ) 41. What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A. The purpose of the moon exploration. B. The way to do research on lunar minerals. C. People’s ideas about living on the moon. D. The method to produce water on the earth. ( ) 42. Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A. So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. B. So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. D. So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. ( ) 43. How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000 g of lunar soil? A. B. C. D. ( ) 44. What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A. Comes from. B. Turns down. C. Opens up. D. Depends on. ( ) 45. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. A new way to get water on the moon. B. Human trips to the moon in the future. C. How human can live on the moon. D. Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. 五、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) For thousands of years, people have hoped to explore the Moon. Today, this wish has come true through Chang’e Project. It is China’s special program to explore and study the Moon. Since Chang’e-1 successfully flew around the Moon in 2007, China has finished the Chang’e-2, 3, 4 and 5 missions (任务). Among them, Chang’e-4 was the first in the world to land softly on the far side of the Moon. In 2020, Chang’e-5 brought back 1,731 grams of regolith (月壤), which gave scientists valuable materials to research and learn more about the Moon’s history and how it came to be. China has also shared some lunar samples (样本) with other countries, supporting international space research together. Based on these successes, Chang’e-6 has made new progress in exploring the Moon. These include the world’s first sample return from the far side of the Moon, collecting about 1,935 grams of regolith. Another new discovery is that negative ions (负离子) were found on the Moon’s surface for the first time. These ions are difficult to find because they last for only a very short time. This discovery opens new possibilities for space science. ▲ Chang’e-7 will explore the Moon’s south pole (极地). It will look for water ice and study the environment to get ready for future lunar base. Chang’e-8 will land on the Moon’s south pole too. It will build communications and energy systems. It will also test using regolith to build lunar base. Together, these missions show China’s rapid development in space technology and its wish to work with other countries to explore the universe. 46. What is Chang’e Project? 47. When did Chang’e-5 bring back regolith? 48. Why are negative ions on the lunar surface very hard to find? 49. Write a topic sentence (中心句) for Paragraph 4. (不超过 15 个词) 50. If you can design a new Chang’e mission, what will it do? (不超过 15 个词) 六、补全对话(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) A: Hi, Tom! You look so excited. What’s up? B: ____51____ A: Really? What is it about? B: ____52____ A: Wow! ____53____ B: They can do experiments (实验), exercise and talk with people on the earth. A: That’s so cool. Is international cooperation (合作) important for space exploration? B: Sure. ____54____ And it’s reported that a Pakistani astronaut will work at the China Space Station. A: Great! Space exploration sounds amazing. I really want to learn more about it. B: Me too. ____55____ A: Good idea! A. What can they do there? B. Do you like space very much? C. It’s about how astronauts live and work in space. D. How do astronauts live in the space station? E. Several countries have worked together on space projects. F. I just watched a cool video about China’s space station. G. Why not read some science books about space exploration? 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He has been a space lover since he was four. And after he entered the primary school, he even gave his classmates ____56___ lesson about rockets at an opening ceremony. Because of that, all of his friends called him “rocket boy”. In 2022, Yan pointed out a rocket ___57____ (name) wrongly in an educational video shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once ____58___ thanked him. In the same year, Yan made his decision to build his own rocket. It took him ten months ____59____ (do) research. He finally created his ____60___ (one) rocket. That rocket only traveled 200 meters in the air and then began to fall, and didn’t open its parachute (降落伞) at the ___61___ (high) point. That day, Yan was excited but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made changes in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his second rocket ____62____ (successful). According to Yan’s father, Yan is busy ___63____ his schoolwork like other kids. His father ___64____ (believe) that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their dreams. Meanwhile, parents should give ____65____ (they) enough support. 八、书面表达(共10分) 假如你是李华, 上个月你参加了你校举办的令人难忘的航天主题活动, 请根据以下要点写一篇短文, 描述这次活动, 并表达你的想法。 （1）我听了宇航员的故事, 深刻学习了坚持不懈的科学精神。 （2）我做了物理实验, 增长了知识, 理解了团队合作的重要性。 （3）我参观了展览, 激发了对太空旅行的兴趣。 （4）我认为…… 参考词汇：科学精神scientific spirit 团队合作 teamwork 要求： （1）词数：80~100个。 （2）题目和开头已给出, 不计入总词数。 （3）要点齐全, 行文连贯, 可适当发挥。 The activities on Space Day of China Last month, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级下册Unit 6能力检测卷 （满分：100分） 一、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的形式填空 1.He shouted in (excite) when he heard the good news. 2.You need to stay (prepare) when you meet challenges. 3.The engineers are fully (qualify) to work on Chang’e missions. 4.Her (willing) to try new things makes her successful. 5.We (proud) watch every success of space exploration. 1.excitement 2.prepared 3.qualified 4.willingness 5.proudly B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 6.你有资格参加这场比赛。 You take part in the competition. 7.我们有很多时间做准备。 There is for us to prepare. 8.长城是中国重要的历史地标。 The Great Wall is an important of China. 9.嫦娥五号从月球采集土壤并带回地球。 Chang’e-5 the moon and brought it back to Earth. 10.简单来说，熟能生巧。 , practice makes perfect. 6.are qualified to 7. plenty of time 8. historic landmark 9. took soil from 10.To put it simply 二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 11.Scientists new expressions to describe lunar research. A.coined B.wrote C.remembered D.found ( ) 12. this button to start the machine. Remember not to touch other keys. A.Repair B.Press C.Catch D.Lift ( ) 13.We found some animal on the sand. We followed them to look for the animal. A.pictures B.sounds C.footprints D.shapes ( ) 14.The machine can great temperature changes on the Moon. It helps scientists carry out research smoothly. A.operate B.separate C.uncover D.withstand ( ) 15.Hold your head and never give up. Every small effort brings you closer to your dream. A.high B.beyond C.fully D.surely ( ) 16.Scientists spent years preparing for the difficult task. The on the far side of the Moon was a great success. A.greeting B.lifetime C.landing D.partner ( ) 17.Over ________ of the students went to the lab to do experiments. A. two third B. two thirds C. second three D. second thirds ( ) 18.Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A. which B. whom C. who D.whose ( ) 19.The notebook is the first gift ________ I received from my father. It means a lot to me. A. that B. who C. which D.what ( ) 20.The shop ________ sells many delicious snacks is near my school. A. what B. which C. whom D.where 11.A【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：科学家创造出新词汇来描述月球研究。coined创造；wrote撰写；remembered 回忆；found 发现。coined符合句意。故选A。 12.B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：按下此按钮启动机器。请勿触碰其他按键。Repair修理；Press按压；Catch 抓住；Lift举起。Press符合句意，故选B。 13.C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我们在沙地上发现了一些动物足迹，便沿着这些足迹去寻找那只动物。pictures图画；sounds声音；footprints足迹；shapes外形。footprints符合句意，故选C。 14.D【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：该设备能够承受月球上的剧烈温度变化。 这有助于科学家顺利开展研究工作。operate 操作；separate（使）分开；uncover揭发；withstand承受。withstand符合句意，故选D。 15.A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：昂首挺胸，永不放弃。每一次微小的努力都会让你离梦想更近一步。high在高处；beyond在更远处；fully完全地；surely无疑。high符合句意，故选A。 16.C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：科学家们花费了数年时间为这项艰巨任务做准备。在月球背面的着陆取得了巨大成功。greeting问候；lifetime寿命；landing着陆；partner同伴。landing符合句意，故选C。 17.B【解析】考查分数的表达方法。句意：超过三分之二的学生去实验室做实验。 分数的构成法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1，分母加s。2/3的表达为：two thirds。故选B。 18.C【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：杜甫是一位伟大的中国诗人，他受到世界各地许多人的欢迎。考查定语从句。which哪一个；whom宾格，谁；who主格，谁；whose谁的。句中poet是先行词，表示“人”，所以此处使用who或whom引导定语从句，由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用who引导定语从句。故选C。 19.A【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：这个笔记本是我从父亲那里收到的第一份礼物。它对我来说意义重大。that关系代词（指人或物，可用于限制性定语从句，尤其当先行词被序数词、最高级等修饰时）；who关系代词（指人）；which关系代词（指物）；what不能引导定语从句。根据题干先行词gift被序数词the first修饰，定语从句关系代词应用that，应填that。 20.B【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：那家卖很多美味小吃的商店在我的学校附近。 what不能引导定语从句；which可引导定语从句，指代事物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom可引导定语从句，指代人，在从句中作宾语； where不能引导定语从句。本句先行词the shop是事物，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which。 三、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) In 2025, China’s space station Tiangong (天宫) became a busy place again. Three astronauts (宇航员) arrived to continue scientific work. Among them was 42-year-old Wang Hao, who was making his first space trip. The team spent six months in space. They did experiments in the microgravity (微重力) environment. One of the most exciting moments was the spacewalk. When Wang Hao first stepped out of the capsule (舱), he felt his heart beating fast. Looking down at the Earth, a beautiful blue planet, he was ____21____ by its beauty. “It’s something you can never ____22____ from the ground,” he said later. Life in space was not just about work. They celebrated the Lunar New Year together, hanging red lanterns that ____23____ in the air. They also had video calls with students on Earth, answering questions about space life. Many young people were ____24____ to learn how astronauts drink water-it floats in little balls! However, the work was not easy. Every task required ____25____ training and careful planning. Once, a small problem with the air system ____26____ the whole team work for hours to fix it. “We are like a family,” Wang Hao said. “When one of us faces a ____27____, all of us work together.” The task was a great ____28____. After returning to Earth, Wang Hao visited schools to share his experience. He told students, “Space is hard, but if you have a dream and never ____29____, you can reach the stars.” His words ____30____ many young people to set their eyes on the sky. ( ) 21. A. amazed B. bored C. scared D. tired ( ) 22. A. hide B. imagine C. discover D. record ( ) 23. A. floated B. fell C. moved D. dropped ( ) 24. A. worried B. sorry C. surprised D. nervous ( ) 25. A. cheap B. easy C. free D. strict ( ) 26. A. caused B. made C. helped D. let ( ) 27. A. chance B. choice C. change D. challenge ( ) 28. A. problem B. risk C. success D. accident ( ) 29. A. grow up B. stay up C. wake up D. give up ( ) 30. A. encouraged B. ordered C. warned D. forced 【主旨大意】 本文讲述了2025年中国航天员王浩在天宫空间站的经历，包括太空行走、生活趣事、克服困难及激励青少年等内容。 21.A【解析】句意：俯瞰地球，一个美丽的蓝色星球，他被它的美惊呆了。根据“by its beauty”，可知面对美景应感到惊奇。be amazed by“被……震撼”，符合面对美景时的逻辑。 22.B【解析】句意：“这是你在地球上永远无法想象的事情，” 他之后说道。根据“from the ground”，可知地面视角无法构想太空景象。imagine“想象”，契合语境。 23.A【解析】句意：他们一起庆祝农历新年，挂起在空中漂浮的红灯笼。太空微重力环境，物品不受重力而下落，会在空中漂浮，float“漂浮”，贴合太空环境特点。 24.C【解析】句意：许多年轻人得知宇航员喝水的方式后都感到惊讶——水会变成小水球漂浮起来！水变成水珠漂浮是和地面常识不同的现象，因此孩子们感到意外吃惊，surprised“意外的，惊讶的”，符合语境。 25.D【解析】句意：每项任务都需要严格的训练和仔细的计划。“However, the work was not easy”说明训练要求高，strict“严格的”，符合航天任务的性质。 26.B【解析】句意：有一次，空气系统出现小故障，致使全队连续数小时抢修。句中work为动词原形，可知需用make sb. do sth.结构，表示“迫使某人做某事”，符合空气系统问题导致全队抢修的逻辑。 27.D【解析】句意：当我们中的一人面临挑战时，我们所有人一起工作。前文修理故障是困难挑战，face a challenge“面临挑战”，符合语境。 28.C【解析】句意：这项任务取得了巨大的成功。后文返回地球后航天员进校园分享经历，说明任务圆满完成，是一次成功的任务，success“成功”，符合语境。 29.D【解析】句意：太空之路艰难，但如果你有梦想且永不放弃，你就能触及星辰。励志名言逻辑，拥有梦想、不放弃才能实现目标，give up“放弃”，符合句意。 30.A【解析】句意：他的话语鼓舞无数年轻人把目光投向星空、追逐航天梦。励志发言起到激励青少年的作用，encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓舞某人做某事”，符合语境。 四、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A China’s Tiangong space station got some new protection. On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours. They put up special panels (防护板) outside the station to keep it safe from space junk. So, what is space junk? It is things that humans have left in space. Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore. Some is tiny, like small pieces of rockets or even little chips of paint. But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships. Right now, there are about 34,000 big pieces of junk (larger than 10 cm) going around Earth, and millions of smaller pieces, too. Why did they decide to put up special panels outside the station? Well, there was a problem with Shenzhou-20 spaceship. It was supposed to bring three astronauts home from Tiangong. But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it. Tiangong is a home in space where astronauts live and do science experiments (实验) for months. With the new panels, it will be safer from all that speeding space junk. ( ) 31. How long did the astronauts’ spacewalk on March 16 take? A. 2 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours. ( ) 32. What does space junk include? A. Natural rocks from space. B. Plants on space station. C. Old satellites with no use. D. Astronaut tools in use. ( ) 33. Why is space junk dangerous? A. It is too large. B. It moves very fast. C. It is near Earth. D. It pollutes the space. ( ) 34. What does the underlined word “cracks” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Small breaks. B. Some pictures. C. Finger prints. D. New parts. ( ) 35. What is the best title for this text? A. Live and Work in Space B. Visit China’s Space Station C. Enjoy a Space Travel D. Protect Tiangong from Space Junk 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国天宫空间站为抵御太空垃圾而安装防护板的事件，解释了太空垃圾的定义、危害及防护措施的背景。 31.B【解析】第一段“On March 16, 2026, two astronauts, Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, did a spacewalk that took 7 hours”说明太空行走时长为7小时。 32.C【解析】第二段“Some space junk is big, like old satellites (人造卫星) that don’t work anymore.”说明太空垃圾包括无用的旧卫星。 33.B【解析】第三段“But don’t let the small size fool you—most of it moves really fast, as fast as 18,000 miles per hour! That makes it very dangerous for spaceships.”说明太空垃圾危险的原因是移动速度快。 34.A【解析】第四段“But during a check, people found cracks in its window. Scientists think a tiny piece of space junk hit it.”指出科学家认为小块太空垃圾撞击了窗户，因此可推知是在检查期间，发现了窗户上的“裂缝、破损”，划线词与“Small breaks”意思一致。 35.D【解析】文章围绕“天宫空间站安装防护板抵御太空垃圾”展开，介绍了太空垃圾的定义、危害及防护措施的背景，核心主题是保护天宫空间站免受太空垃圾威胁。 B The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. ( ) 36. What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代) in paragraph 2? A. Earth. B. Solar surface. C. Mars. D. Microbial life. ( ) 37. Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To explain the great influence of solar wind. B. To provide further information about Mars. C. To stress the importance of water on Mars. D. To suggest keeping skin from getting dry. ( ) 38. How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? A. By sending out the spaceship to Mars. B. By measuring the amount of salt on Mars. C. By checking the materials collected from Mars. D. By noticing the number of reflected radio waves. ( ) 39. What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? A. Comfortable. B. Hopeful. C. Disappointed. D. Uncaring. ( ) 40. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Exploration of Energy on Mars B. The Situation of Living Things on Mars C. The Explanation of The Climate on Mars D. The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了‌火星地下咸水湖相关的科学研究与推论，研究证实火星地下存在咸水湖，数十亿年前火星曾温暖宜居，主流观点认为太阳风夺走了火星绝大多数水分，如今靠欧空局探测器的高反射率探测确认了地下储水，但高盐低温环境几乎无法留存生命，当下火星仍不适合居住。 36.C【解析】根据第二段前一句“Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet...”可知，科学家不确定的是火星上的水发生了什么，因此代词it指代的是Mars。 37.A【解析】第三段将火星表面水分流失比作风吹干湿润的皮肤（It is just like when we get our skin wet... the wind will finally dry us off），旨在通过类比生动地解释太阳风（solar wind）对火星水分流失的巨大影响，导致火星表面变得干燥。 38.D【解析】根据第四段“Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity...”可知，科学家是通过发射无线电波并检测其反射率（reflected radio waves）来证明火星表面下存在水的。 39.B【解析】文章最后一段“With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet.”提到火星目前不适宜居住，但科学家仍在探索火星宜居的可能性、坚持研究火星，说明对未来人类在火星居住仍抱有希望。 40.D【解析】文章首段即点明主题“The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes...”，随后围绕火星咸水湖的发现、成因、探测方法及意义展开，因此“火星咸水湖的发现”是最合适的标题。 C A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ▲ . The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000 ℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100 g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 g to 7.6 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of human living on the moon! ( ) 41. What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A. The purpose of the moon exploration. B. The way to do research on lunar minerals. C. People’s ideas about living on the moon. D. The method to produce water on the earth. ( ) 42. Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A. So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. B. So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. D. So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. ( ) 43. How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000 g of lunar soil? A. B. C. D. ( ) 44. What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A. Comes from. B. Turns down. C. Opens up. D. Depends on. ( ) 45. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. A new way to get water on the moon. B. Human trips to the moon in the future. C. How human can live on the moon. D. Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了中国科学家发现的一种利用月球土壤生产水的新方法，这一发现可能改变人类未来在月球上生活的可能性。 41.C【解析】第一段指出：“could change how we think about living on the moon in the future”，说明这一发现改变了人们对在月球上生活的看法。 42.C【解析】第二段指出月球矿物中水含量极低：“only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there.”，因此很难找到和利用水，所以人们很难期待在月球上生活，C项符合文意。 43.B【解析】第三段指出：“100 g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 g to 7.6 g of water”，因此1000克可产生51克到76克水，图片B的量杯刻度为50-80ml，符合这一范围。 44.C【解析】最后一段“reveals”所在句意为“这项研究揭示了在月球上找水的新可能性”，因此“reveals”意为“揭示”，与“opens up”意思最接近。 45.A【解析】全文围绕中国科学家发现的利用月球土壤生产水的新方法展开，介绍了其原理和意义。 五、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) For thousands of years, people have hoped to explore the Moon. Today, this wish has come true through Chang’e Project. It is China’s special program to explore and study the Moon. Since Chang’e-1 successfully flew around the Moon in 2007, China has finished the Chang’e-2, 3, 4 and 5 missions (任务). Among them, Chang’e-4 was the first in the world to land softly on the far side of the Moon. In 2020, Chang’e-5 brought back 1,731 grams of regolith (月壤), which gave scientists valuable materials to research and learn more about the Moon’s history and how it came to be. China has also shared some lunar samples (样本) with other countries, supporting international space research together. Based on these successes, Chang’e-6 has made new progress in exploring the Moon. These include the world’s first sample return from the far side of the Moon, collecting about 1,935 grams of regolith. Another new discovery is that negative ions (负离子) were found on the Moon’s surface for the first time. These ions are difficult to find because they last for only a very short time. This discovery opens new possibilities for space science. ▲ Chang’e-7 will explore the Moon’s south pole (极地). It will look for water ice and study the environment to get ready for future lunar base. Chang’e-8 will land on the Moon’s south pole too. It will build communications and energy systems. It will also test using regolith to build lunar base. Together, these missions show China’s rapid development in space technology and its wish to work with other countries to explore the universe. 46. What is Chang’e Project? 47. When did Chang’e-5 bring back regolith? 48. Why are negative ions on the lunar surface very hard to find? 49. Write a topic sentence (中心句) for Paragraph 4. (不超过 15 个词) 50. If you can design a new Chang’e mission, what will it do? (不超过 15 个词) 【主旨大意】 本文介绍中国嫦娥探月工程。文章依次讲述嫦娥一号至六号取得的各项探月成就，重点介绍嫦娥六号的新突破；同时展望嫦娥七号、八号未来的月球南极探测任务。全文展现中国航天技术快速发展，也表达中国愿意与各国合作探索宇宙的愿景。 46. It is China’s special program to explore and study the Moon.【解析】定位：第一段最后一句。 47. In 2020.【解析】定位：第二段：In 2020, Chang’e-5 brought back 1,731 grams of regolith. 48. Because they last for only a very short time.【解析】定位：第三段 These ions are difficult to find because they last for only a very short time. 49.Future Chang’e missions will explore the Moon’s south pole.【解析】中心句需要总领整段，点明 “后续嫦娥任务将探测月球南极”，简洁且不超词数。 50. If you can design a new Chang’e mission, what will it do? 开放表达题（合理即可） 示例 1：It will search for more water resources on the Moon. 示例 2：It will study more secrets under the Moon’s surface. 六、补全对话(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) A: Hi, Tom! You look so excited. What’s up? B: ____51____ A: Really? What is it about? B: ____52____ A: Wow! ____53____ B: They can do experiments (实验), exercise and talk with people on the earth. A: That’s so cool. Is international cooperation (合作) important for space exploration? B: Sure. ____54____ And it’s reported that a Pakistani astronaut will work at the China Space Station. A: Great! Space exploration sounds amazing. I really want to learn more about it. B: Me too. ____55____ A: Good idea! A. What can they do there? B. Do you like space very much? C. It’s about how astronauts live and work in space. D. How do astronauts live in the space station? E. Several countries have worked together on space projects. F. I just watched a cool video about China’s space station. G. Why not read some science books about space exploration? 51~55 FCAEG 七、短文填空(共10空，每空1分，共10分) Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He has been a space lover since he was four. And after he entered the primary school, he even gave his classmates ____56___ lesson about rockets at an opening ceremony. Because of that, all of his friends called him “rocket boy”. In 2022, Yan pointed out a rocket ___57____ (name) wrongly in an educational video shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once ____58___ thanked him. In the same year, Yan made his decision to build his own rocket. It took him ten months ____59____ (do) research. He finally created his ____60___ (one) rocket. That rocket only traveled 200 meters in the air and then began to fall, and didn’t open its parachute (降落伞) at the ___61___ (high) point. That day, Yan was excited but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made changes in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his second rocket ____62____ (successful). According to Yan’s father, Yan is busy ___63____ his schoolwork like other kids. His father ___64____ (believe) that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their dreams. Meanwhile, parents should give ____65____ (they) enough support. 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了来自浙江的学生严弘森，他从四岁起就是太空爱好者，被称为“火箭男孩”。他曾在拉萨天文馆指出教育视频中的火箭命名错误，并决定自己造火箭。经过研究，他成功发射了第二枚火箭。他的父亲认为父母应给孩子更多空间和支持去实现梦想。 56. a 57. named 58. and 59. to do 60. first 61. highest 62. successfully 63. with 64. believes 65. them 八、书面表达(共10分) 假如你是李华, 上个月你参加了你校举办的令人难忘的航天主题活动, 请根据以下要点写一篇短文, 描述这次活动, 并表达你的想法。 （1）我听了宇航员的故事, 深刻学习了坚持不懈的科学精神。 （2）我做了物理实验, 增长了知识, 理解了团队合作的重要性。 （3）我参观了展览, 激发了对太空旅行的兴趣。 （4）我认为…… 参考词汇：科学精神scientific spirit 团队合作 teamwork 要求： （1）词数：80~100个。 （2）题目和开头已给出, 不计入总词数。 （3）要点齐全, 行文连贯, 可适当发挥。 The activities on Space Day of China Last month, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Last month, I took part in an unforgettable space activity in our school. First, I listened to astronauts’ stories and learned about their scientific spirit of never giving up. Then, I did some physics experiments, which helped me gain more knowledge and understand the importance of teamwork. After that, I visited an exhibition about space travel. It was so amazing that it greatly increased my interest in exploring space. I think such activities are very meaningful. They not only make us learn more about science but also encourage us to work hard for our dreams. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，用一般过去时为主 明确要点：校园太空活动（经历、收获）、活动意义 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明参加了一次难忘的校园太空活动 主体段：按时间顺序分别介绍活动内容（听宇航员故事、团队任务、参观航天展）及个人收获 结尾段：总结感受，升华活动意义 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：太空活动内容 活动选择：听宇航员分享、模拟太空任务、参观航天展览 顺序描述：First/Then/After that... 具体内容：listen to astronauts’ stories/do team tasks/visit an exhibition about space travel 收获效果：learn about scientific spirit/understand the importance of teamwork/increase interest in exploring space 要点二：活动意义 核心作用：not only…but also…结构 具体说明：expand our horizons/encourage us to work hard for our dreams 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $