做高考真题，记高频单词DAY8（记叙文阅读）

该高中英语高考复习任务单以记叙文阅读为核心载体，系统整合24个高频单词、6个核心短语及词形变换考点，构建“词汇积累-语法应用-阅读解题”的递进知识网络。通过真题设问驱动和分层任务单设计，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成结构化认知框架。 亮点在于自主诊断与素养导向设计，如板块四选词填空、板块五单词填空帮助学生精准定位词汇薄弱点，语篇翻译任务强化语言能力。真题解析引导分析命题逻辑提升思维品质，培养自主复习策略。教师可通过学情数据实施个性化指导，有效支持因材施教。

高考高频单词 DAY 8（记叙文阅读） 板块一：真题再现 （2022·全国一卷·高考真题） The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善组织）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. "I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed. "It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful." There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: "Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here." Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: "We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities." 28. What is the purpose of the project? A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people's welfare. 29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement. C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality. 30. What do the underlined words "embark on" mean in paragraph 7? A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate. 31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results. 板块二：核心词汇（共30个，单词24个 + 短语6个） 单词 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年老的 resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民 charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善组织 loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ n. 孤独 wellbeing /ˌwelˈbiːɪŋ/ n. 幸福；健康 dementia /dɪˈmenʃə/ n. 痴呆 reduction /rɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 减少 medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药；医学 wheelchair /ˈwiːltʃeə/ n. 轮椅 focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ n. 焦点；关注点 creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 创造性的 activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动 financial /faɪˈnænʃl/ adj. 金融的；财政的 support /səˈpɔːt/ n./v. 支持 benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 益处；v. 有益于 director /dəˈrektə/ n. 主任；导演 purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的 harmony /ˈhɑːməni/ n. 和谐 provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供 promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 促进；提升 welfare /ˈwelfeə/ n. 福利 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；获得（文中为achievement） personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 个性 profitable /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/ adj. 有利可图的 短语 care home 养老院 dream up 凭空想出 take part in 参加 roll out 推出；推广 embark on 开始；着手 look forward to 期待 板块三：词形变换 1. elder /ˈeldə/ n. 长者 — elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年老的 2. resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民 — residence /ˈrezɪdəns/ n. 住所 — residential /ˌrezɪˈdenʃl/ adj. 住宅的 3. charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善 — charitable /ˈtʃærətəbl/ adj. 慈善的 — charitably /ˈtʃærətəbli/ adv. 慈善地 4. lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的 — loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ n. 孤独 5. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 — reduction /rɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 减少 — reducible /rɪˈdjuːsəbl/ adj. 可减少的 6. create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造 — creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 创造性的 — creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ n. 创造力 7. finance /ˈfaɪnæns/ n. 财政 — financial /faɪˈnænʃl/ adj. 金融的 — financially /faɪˈnænʃəli/ adv. 财政上 8. support /səˈpɔːt/ v./n. 支持 — supporter /səˈpɔːtə/ n. 支持者 — supportive /səˈpɔːtɪv/ adj. 支持的 9. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n./v. 益处 — beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的 — beneficially /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃli/ adv. 有益地 10. promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 促进 — promotion /prəˈməʊʃn/ n. 促进；提升 — promotional /prəˈməʊʃənl/ adj. 促销的 11. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现 — achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 — achievable /əˈtʃiːvəbl/ adj. 可实现的 板块四：选词填空（共两组） Group A（备选词汇：residents, charity, loneliness, wellbeing, dementia, reduction, medicine, wheelchair, focus，purpose） 用所给词的正确形式填空，每个词限用一次。 1. The ________ in this nursing home are very friendly and often help each other. 2. The local ________ raises money to support homeless people. 3. Long periods of isolation can lead to ________ and depression. 4. The government is working to improve the ________ of all citizens. 5. The patient was diagnosed with ________ and required special care. 6. There has been a significant ________ in the number of smokers in recent years. 7. The doctor prescribed some ________ for her cough. 8. The injured man could not walk and had to use a ________. 9. The ________ of this project is to help disadvantaged children. 10. The teacher asked the students to ________ on their studies instead of playing games. Group B（备选词汇：creative, activities, financial, support, benefit, director, purpose, harmony, provide, promote） 用所给词的正确形式填空，每个词限用一次。 11. The artist showed great ________ talent in designing the new building. 12. Afterschool ________ include sports, music, and art classes. 13. The company is facing ________ difficulties this year. 14. We need more ________ from the government to carry out this plan. 15. Regular exercise has many health ________. 16. The ________ of the school announced a new policy yesterday. 17. The ________ of this meeting is to discuss the budget. 18. The neighbors live in perfect ________ and never argue. 19. The organization ________ food and clothing for the poor. 20. The campaign aims to ________ awareness of environmental issues. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 21. The ________ (elder) often need more medical care than young people. 22. Her ________ (lonely) disappeared after she joined the club. 23. The ________ (reduce) in the price of oil affected the global economy. 24. The ________ (create) of this new product took three years. 25. The government provides ________ (finance) aid to lowincome families. 26. The ________ (support) from my family encouraged me to continue. 27. The ________ (benefit) effects of this drug have been proved. 28. The ________ (promote) of healthy eating is important for children. 29. Her ________ (achieve) in sports made her famous. 30. The ________ (direct) of the film won an award. B. 首字母单词拼写（根据句意和首字母补全单词） 31. The e________ people in this community enjoy free medical checkups. 32. Many r________ of this town are over 60 years old. 33. The c________ collected enough money to build a new school. 34. His l________ made him feel sad and isolated. 35. Regular exercise improves both physical and mental w________. 36. The doctor prescribed m________ for her high blood pressure. 37. The old man used a w________ to move around the hospital. 38. The teacher asked us to f________ our attention on the main idea. 39. The c________ session included painting and writing. 40. The school provides f________ support to students in need. 板块六：语篇翻译（英译汉，黑体词为核心词） Passage A A local charity dreamed up a project to help elderly residents in care homes fight loneliness. They were given hens to look after. The residents enjoyed the creative activities and felt a sense of achievement. One 80yearold woman in a wheelchair said she loved letting the hens out each morning. The project also reduced the use of medicine among patients with dementia. The benefits were so obvious that the charity received financial support to roll it out nationwide. Passage B Many people take part in volunteer work to connect with their community. In London, a project provides hens for elderly people to look after. The director of a local organization said the project helps residents share interests and build relationships. Wendy Wilson, a care manager, was one of the first to embark on the project. She said everyone looked forward to the creative sessions. The purpose is not just to keep the elderly busy but to promote their welfare and wellbeing. Passage C The success of this project demonstrates that simple activities can bring great benefits. When elderly people engage in meaningful tasks, their sense of loneliness decreases and their psychological health improves. The harmony within care homes also strengthens. Financial support from the government has helped roll out the project to more areas. As one resident said, having a different focus makes life more enjoyable. Everyone plays a part in making this project well received. Its achievement lies in connecting people through shared interests. 板块七：参考译文（板块一完整真题语篇全文翻译） 伦敦养老院的老年居民被给予母鸡来照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。 这个项目是由当地一家慈善机构构想出来的，旨在减少孤独感，改善老年人的福祉。它也被用来帮助患有痴呆症的患者——一种严重的脑部疾病。养老院的工作人员报告说，在养鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。 参与该项目的有一位80岁的露丝·泽维尔。她说：“我年轻的时候养过母鸡，每天早上去上学前都要给它们准备早餐。” “我非常喜欢这个项目。早上我坐着轮椅下去把母鸡放出来，晚上再下去看看它们是否已经回窝睡觉了。” “有一个不同的关注点是好事。人们带着孩子来看母鸡，居民们过来坐在外面观看。我很享受这些创造性的活动，做了有用的事情感觉很好。” 现在英格兰东北部的20家养老院中有700名老年人在照顾母鸡，该慈善机构已获得财政支持以在全国推广。 温迪·威尔逊是彭福尔德街60号的额外护理经理，是最早启动该项目的人之一，她说：“居民们非常欢迎这个项目的创意和创造性课程。我们期待这个项目能给大家带来好处和乐趣。” 诺丁山通道的主任林恩·刘易斯说：“我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民建立联系。” 【参考答案】 板块一答案 【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31. A 【导语】英国一家慈善机构发起了一个让养老院老人养鸡的项目，以缓解老年人的孤独，这个项目受到老年人的欢迎。 【详解】 28.D 事实细节题 根据第二段第一句The project was dreamed up ...to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing. 可知，这个项目的目的是为了缓解老年人的孤独，提升他们的幸福感。D项中的promote和welfare分别对应文中的improve和wellbeing，故选D。 29.B 推理判断题 根据第五段It's good to have a different focus ... I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.可知，Ruth Xavier喜欢养鸡，做些有用的事让她感觉很好，由此可推断出她从养鸡这件事中获得了成就感（a sense of achievement）。 30.C 词义猜测题 根据 embark on 前面的 one of the first 及其后面的Residents really welcome the idea of 可知，此指 Wendy Wilson是最早发起（begin）这个项目的人之一，embark on与C项begin意思相近。 31.A 推理判断题 根据最后两段中 Residents really welcome the idea of the project ... We are happy to be taking part in the project. 可知，人们欣然接受这个项目并且乐于参与，也就是这个项目很受大家欢迎（well received）。 板块四答案 Group A residents charity loneliness wellbeing dementia reduction medicine wheelchair purpose focus Group B creative activities financial support benefits director purpose harmony provides promote 板块五答案 A. 单句语法填空 elderly loneliness reduction creation financial support beneficial promotion achievement director B. 首字母单词拼写 elderly residents charity loneliness wellbeing medicine wheelchair focus creative financial 板块六答案（参考译文） Passage A 当地一家慈善机构构想出一个项目，帮助养老院的老年居民对抗孤独。他们被给予母鸡来照顾。居民们喜欢这些创造性的活动，并感到一种成就感。一位坐轮椅的80岁老妇人说她喜欢每天早上把母鸡放出去。这个项目还减少了痴呆症患者的药物使用。好处如此明显，以至于该慈善机构获得了财政支持以在全国推广。 Passage B 许多人参加志愿工作是为了与社区建立联系。在伦敦，一个项目为老年人提供母鸡来照顾。当地一家机构的主任说，这个项目帮助居民分享兴趣、建立关系。护理经理温迪·威尔逊是最早启动该项目的人之一。她说每个人都期待那些创造性的课程。目的不仅仅是让老年人有事可做，而是促进他们的福利和福祉。 Passage C 这个项目的成功表明，简单的活动能带来巨大的益处。当老年人从事有意义的任务时，他们的孤独感减少，心理健康得到改善。养老院内的和谐也会加强。政府的财政支持帮助将该项目推广到更多地区。正如一位居民所说，有一个不同的关注点让生活更加愉快。每个人都为让这个项目受欢迎而发挥作用。它的成就在于通过共同的兴趣将人们联系在一起。 $