基础语法知识综合测试题-2026-2027学年初高中英语衔接复习专项

**基本信息** 初升高英语基础语法综合测试卷聚焦核心语法衔接，通过填空、句子成分分析、从句专项等题型，系统考查句子成分、冠词、名词性从句及定语从句等基础语法点，助力学生夯实语法基础，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语法概念填空|21分|句子成分、词性缩写、从句分类|直接考查语法术语，强化基础记忆| |句子成分综合题|35分|主/谓/宾/定/同位语等|通过标注与分析，培养语法结构思维| |名词性从句专项|20分|连接词运用、从句类型判断|结合语境考查从句逻辑，提升语言组织能力| |定语从句专项|54分|关系词选择、句型转换、翻译|多维度训练从句应用，衔接初高中语法要求|

初升高英语基础语法知识综合测试卷 （满分：150分 考试时长：45分钟） 一、基础语法概念填空（每空0.5分，共21分） 1. 英语句子六大基本成分：______、______、______、______、______、______。 2. 写出下列缩写对应的词性： n. ________；v. ________；adj. ________； prep. ________；pron. ________； 3. 英语复合从句分为三大类，分别是：________从句、________从句、_______从句。 4. 定语从句常用6个关系代词：______、______、______、______、______、______。 5. 定语从句3个关系副词： ______、______、______。 6. 名词性从句中，若从句不缺句子成分、不缺语义含义，需使用连接词：________。 7. 定语从句中，________和________可指代前面整句话；只有________可置于句首引导非限制性定语从句。 8. 写出只能用that、不能用which的五种情况： ①________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________ ③________________________________________________________________ ④________________________________________________________________ ⑤________________________________________________________________ 9. 写出只能用which、不能用that的两种情况： ①________________________________________________________________ ②________________________________________________________________ 10 . 用符号标注下列句子成分，并写出句型结构。 ★ 符号说明: S = Subject 主语；V = 谓语动词；P = Predicative 表语；O = Object 宾语 IO = Indirect Object 间接宾语；DO = Direct Object 直接宾语；OC = Object Complement 宾语补足语 ★ 五大句型： 1. S+V 主谓（不及物动词） 2. S+V+P 主系表 3. S+V+O 主谓宾 4. S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾 5. S+V+O+OC 主谓宾补 示例：He runs fast. 标注：He(S) runs(V) fast. 句型：S+V （1. My mother is a hard-working tailor. ____________________ （2. The clerk offered me a valuable piece of advice.____________________ （3. We keep our classroom clean and tidy every day.____________________ （4. Birds fly freely in the wide sky.____________________ （5. Young people pursue their dreams bravely.____________________ （6. The news makes us very excited.____________________ （7. We elected him our group leader. ____________________ （8. This kind of plastic feels smooth.____________________ 二、冠词a/an填空（每题1分，共10分） 用a / an 填入空格 1. There is _____apple on the table. 2. She has _____umbrella in her bag. 3. It takes _____hour to get there. 4. This is _______useful dictionary. 5. There is ______“f” in the word “deaf”. 6. My brother studies at_______university in Beijing. 7. I want to be ____ excellent English teacher in the future. 8. That is ____ one-year-old little dog beside the tree. 9. My brother bought ____ iPad yesterday. 10. We have ____ important meeting this afternoon. 三、句子成分综合题（共 35分） （一）划出句子主语（每题1分，共5分） 1. To obey the law is everyone's duty. 2. Eating too many sweets ruins your teeth. 3. Three and four is seven. 4. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is often acceptable. 5. Why he did it was very clear. （二）划出句子谓语（每题1分，共5分） 1. Jason enjoys traveling a lot. 2. My sister is crying over there. 3. I have been waiting for you all the time. 4. I would stay at home all day. 5. A new dormitory was built last year for the newcomers. （三）划出句子宾语（每题1分，共5分） 1. He said "Good morning." 2. I want to have a cup of tea. 3. He admits that he was mistaken. 4. I told him that the bus was late. 5. He showed me how to run the machine. （四）划出句中定语（每题1分，共5分） 1. The tall boy beside the window is my deskmate. 2. I like the books written by Mo Yan. 3. The girl standing there is my cousin. 4. Do you know the man with a black bag? 5. I want to buy a new red pen. （五）划出同位语（每题1分，共5分） 1. This is my partner Henry. 2. Last night, I ran into Paul, my new neighbor, at the bar. 3. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 4. We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an American. 5. The news that our team has won the match is true. （六）写出句中表语（每题1分，共5分） 1. The trouble is that they are short of money. 表语：__________ 2. Our well has gone dry. 表语：__________ 3. His face turned red. 表语：__________ 4. The cultural background of China is totally different from that of the US. 表语：__________ 5. My suggestion is that we should start at once. 表语：__________ （七）划出宾语补足语并抄写（每题1分，共5分） 1. You should keep the room clean and tidy. 宾补：____________________ 2. We made him our monitor. 宾补：____________________ 3. His father told him not to play in the street. 宾补：____________________ 4. My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball. 宾补：____________________ 5. I saw the bird dancing in the tree. 宾补：____________________ 四、判断句子类型（每题1分，共10分） （填写：简单句 / 并列句 / 复合句 ） 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ______________ 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ______________ 3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ______________ 4. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ______________ 5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ______________ 6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ______________ 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ______________ 8. What he said at the meeting matters a lot. ______________ 9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ______________ 10. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ______________ 五、名词性从句专项（共20分） （一）单项选择（每题1分，共10分） 1. The reason why he hasn’t come is _____. A. because of his mother being ill B. because his mother is ill C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill 2. _____ was important for Tom to pass the exam. A. It B.He C. This D.That 3. —He was born there. —That is_____ he likes the place so much. A. that B.what C.why D.how 4. —Do you know ______ our school? —The day after tomorrow. A.when the American students visit B.when the American students will visit C.when do the American students visit D.when will the American students visit 5. —Can you tell me______? —He lives in Shanghai. A. where Mark lives B. where does Mark live C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live 6. I’m not sure _____or not I can be back on time. A. if B. that C. whether D.when 7. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 8. The physics teacher told us that light _____ faster than sound. A. travelled B.travels C. travel D. to travel 9. There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 10. Information has been put forward _____more graduates will enter universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as （二）连接词填空（每题1分，共10分） 填入合适名词性从句连接词 1. ________ Caroline will come or not is still uncertain. 2. Michelle doesn’t care ___________ it rains. 3. _________ comes to the party will receive a present. 4. It doesn’t matter ________ or not Lydia will come. 5. The reason why Alan was late was ______ he missed the early bus. 6. _______ we can’t get seems better than what we have. 7. The club will give ________ wins the competition a prize. 8. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants. 9. We heard the news ______ our class won the first prize. 10. There is some doubt _________ he will come tomorrow. 六、定语从句专项（共 54分） （一）单项选择（每题1分，共10分） 1. The days ____ we spent together are unforgettable. A. when B. on which C. that D. where 2. The days ____ we worked together are unforgettable. A. which B. when C. that D. what 3. We meet a situation ____ we need more volunteers. A. which B. where C. when D. what 4. This is the factory ____ my father worked ten years ago. A. which B. where C. what D. when 5. All the books ____ are on the desk are mine. A. which B. what C. that D. whose 6. The girl ____ mother is a teacher sits beside me. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 7. Anyone ____ breaks the rule will be punished. A. which B. who C. whose D. whom 8. The house ____ we bought last year is very beautiful. A. where B. when C. that D. what 9. I still remember the time ____ we spent together last summer. A. when B. which C. where D. why 10. Could you tell me the reason ____ you refused the offer? A. which B. what C. why D. when （二）填入合适关系词（每题1分，共10分） 1. The first museum __________ he visited in China was the History Museum. 2. I know the person ___________ house was destroyed in the earthquake. 3. Those_____ want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 pm. 4. It is the tallest building _________ Ellen has ever seen. 5. She is the teacher from _______ I have borrowed this dictionary. 6. I will never forget the day ____ I joined the volunteer team. 7. This is the small town ____ we built a recycling station. 8. Can you tell me the reason ____ you refused the activity? 9. The film ___________ you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow. 10. The days ____ we worked together are unforgettable. (三）将下列句子改成正确的句子 （每题1分，共10分） 1. This is the gift that my friend sent it to me yesterday. 2. He failed the exam, it made his parents upset. 3. There are 50 students in our club, two thirds of them are not able to swim. 4. There are 50 students in our club, and two third of them are able to swim. 5. This is the factory where my father worked in last year. 6. All that should be done have been done. 7. The one who break the rule will be punished. 8. This is the very book which I want to read. 9. The girl who mother is a doctor studies hard. 10. He is one of the volunteers who is willing to take part in the activity. （四）中英翻译（每题2分，共24分） 1.（名词性从句·what）他在会上所说的是正确的。 ____________________________________________________________ 2.（名词性从句·that）事实是我们谁都没有去过那个校园。 ____________________________________________________________  3.（定语从句·which）这是我上周看到的电影。 ____________________________________________________________ 4. （定语从句·who）帮助我的那位男孩是我的同学。 ____________________________________________________________ 5.（定语从句·whose）这个女孩住在我的隔壁，她的父亲是工程师。 ____________________________________________________________ 6.（定语从句·when）我还记得我们初次见面的那一天。 ____________________________________________________________ 7.（定语从句·where）这是我们曾经一起工作过的学校。 ____________________________________________________________ 8.（定语从句·why）我不知道他缺席的原因。 ____________________________________________________________ 9.（定语从句·whom）你正在谈论的那个人来了。   ____________________________________________________________ 10.（定语从句·where）我们将去爷爷居住的小村庄。   ____________________________________________________________ 11.（定语从句·whom）刚才和你说话的那个女孩是Tom的表妹。   ____________________________________________________________ 12.（定语从句·whom）我们班有60名同学，其中三分之二来自农村。 ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、基础语法概念填空 1. 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语 2. n.名词；v.动词；adj.形容词； prep.介词；pron.代词； 3. 定语、名词性、状语 4. that, which, who, whom, whose, as 5. when, where, why 6. that 7. which；as；as 8. 只用that不用which五种情况： ①先行词为all、everything、nothing等不定代词 ②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰 ③先行词被the only、the very、all、every等修饰 ④先行词同时包含人和物 ⑤主句以who/which开头，为避免重复 9. 只用which不用that两种情况： ①介词后面 ②引导非限制性定语从句, 即逗号后面 10. （1. My mother(S) is(V系) a hard-working tailor(P) 句型：S+V+P （2. The clerk(S) offered(V) me(IO) a valuable piece of advice(DO) 句型：S+V+IO+DO （3.  We(S) keep(V) our classroom(O) clean and tidy(OC) every day. 句型：S+V+O+OC （4.  Birds(S) fly(V) freely in the wide sky. 句型：S+V （5.  Young people(S) pursue(V) their dreams(O) bravely. 句型：S+V+O （6.  The news(S) makes(V) us(O) very excited(OC). 句型：S+V+O+OC （7.  We(S) elected(V) him(O) our group leader(OC). 句型：S+V+O+OC （8.  This kind of plastic(S) feels(V系) smooth(P). 句型：S+V+P   二、冠词a/an填空 1. an 2. an 3. an 4. a 5. an 6. a 7. an 8. a 9. an 10. an 三、句子成分综合题关键答案 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 (一)主语 1. To obey the law 2. Eating too many sweets 3. Three and four 4. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 5. Why he did it (二)谓语 1. enjoys 2. is crying 3. have been waiting 4. would stay 5. was built (三)宾语 1. "Good morning." 2. a cup of tea 3. that he was mistaken 4. that the bus was late 5. how to run the machine (四)定语 1. tall；beside the window 2. written by Mo Yan 3. standing there 4. with a black bag 5. new red (五)同位语 1. Henry 2. my new neighbor 3. Chinese people 4. a Canadian and an American 5. that our team has won the match （六）写出句中表语 1. that they are short of money 2. dry 3. red 4. different from that of the US 5. that we should start at once （七）划出宾语补足语并抄写 1. clean and tidy 2. our monitor 3. not to play in the street 4. playing basketball 5. dancing in the tree. 四、判断句子类型 1.简单句 2.复合句 3.简单句 4.简单句 5.并列句 6.复合句 7.并列句 8.复合句 9.简单句 10.简单句 五、名词性从句专项 （一）单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B （二）连接词填空 1.Whether 2.if/whether 3.Whoever 4.whether 5.that 6.What 7.whoever 8.whatever 9.that 10.whether 六、定语从句专项 （一）单项选择 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C （二）填入合适关系词 1.that 2.whose 3.who 4.that 5.whom 6.when 7.where 8.why 9.that/which 10.when （三）改错 1. 删去it 2. it → which 3. them → whom 4. third → thirds 5. 删去in, 或 where→which 6. have→ has 7. break → breaks 8. which → that 9. who → whose 10. is → are （四）中英翻译参考 1. What he said at the meeting is true. 2. The fact is that none of us has been to that campus. 3. This is the film which I saw last week. 4. The boy who helped me is my classmate. 5. The girl whose father is an engineer lives next to me. 6. I still remember the day when we first met. 7. This is the school where we once worked together. 8. I don’t know the reason why he was absent. 9. The man whom you are talking about has come. 10. We will go to the small village where my grandpa lives. 11. The girl whom you talked to just now is Tom’s cousin. 12. There are sixty students in our class, two thirds of whom come from the countryside. $