专题02 阅读理解——记叙文（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考阅读理解记叙文专题，覆盖作者感受、人物特征、主旨要义等核心考点，按“命题规律-思维建模-考点突破”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（如人物特征形容词分类）、方法指导（如主旨题三问检验法）、真题训练（近5年真题溯源）等环节，帮助学生系统构建解题框架，突破高频难点。 资料以“靶向突破+素养融合”为特色，如考点一通过人物特征形容词与事迹对应训练，培养思维品质；考点二用三问检验法提升语言能力。设置分层练习配合即时反馈，确保有限时间内高效复习，助力学生掌握解题范式，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

专题02 阅读理解——记叙文 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查记叙文中的独特特征 知识解构 知识点1 描述作者的自己感受 知识点2 描述文中人物特征 知识点3 描述作者对发生事件的态度 考向破译 考向01 考查作者的自己感受 考向02 考查描述作者对发生事件的态度 考点二 考查记叙文中的主旨要义 知识解构 知识点 记叙文主旨要义题解题指导 考向破译 考向01考查文章大意 考向02 考查文章标题 考向03 考查段落大意 考点三 考查细节理解题 知识解构 知识点 记叙文细节理解题解题指导 考向破译 考向 考查细节理解 考点四 考查写作目的 知识解构 知识点 写作目的指导 考向破译 考向 考查写作目的 考点五 考查推理判断题 知识解构 知识点 情节推理 考向破译 考向 考查推理判断 考点六 考查猜测词义 知识解构 知识点 猜测词义指导 考向破译 考向 考查猜测词义 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 阅读理解之记叙文 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 人与自我 （2026高考一卷）通过纸质词典学习单词的经历（2026高考二卷）建筑保护事业的故事（2026浙江1月卷）课堂教学的经历 （2025高考I卷）一位写作教师的教学认知突破之旅（2025高考II卷）在医院学校帮助患病儿童进行课业学习 人与社会 （2024新高考I卷）美国兽医采用针灸技术治疗动物 （2024新高考II卷）旧金山捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务（2024浙江1月卷）感受电话亭变迁 考情分析 考情分析： 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 2．从命题思路上看： 记叙文最主要的特征是考查人物的性格特征，其次是细节理解，也会考查主旨大意、写作意图等。记叙文阅读材料内容丰富多彩，总是描写正能量的人物形象，传递积极向善的主题思想，有时需要通过语言、场景、人物思想情绪的描写来感悟弦外之音和深化主题。 预计2027年记叙文仍然是命题的必考点。复习过程中要熟练掌握记叙文的命题特点和解题方法，做到成功拿下记叙文阅读拿。 复习目标 复习目标：1.掌握记叙文的文体特征，作者感受、对人物的评价及对事件的评价是记叙文的特色。 2.掌握记叙文的命题规律及各种题型的解题要领。如细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题。 3.掌握记叙文选项的常见干扰项的设置特点及应对策略。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查记叙文中的独特特征 知●识●解●构 知识点1 描述作者的自己感受 记叙文与其他文体最大的区别是：记叙文通过人物故事、环境描写、人物情绪、人物动作等立体情境，描绘出一个活灵活现的画面，从而表达作者的某种情感和态度，进而表达主题思想、歌颂美好事物和内心感受。所以在高考记叙文命题中，常考学生通过故事情节的变化，推断作者的感受。 常见的选项词汇有：annoyed adj. 恼怒的，气恼的；disappointed adj. 失望的，灰心的；encouraged受鼓舞的astonished adj. 感到惊讶的；十分惊奇的；honored adj. 光荣的：荣幸的；amused adj. 被逗笑的；愉快的；顽皮的；stressed adj. 紧张的；感到有压力的；inspired adj. 有创造力的；品质优秀的；有雄心壮志的uplifted adj. 感到振奋的；puzzled adj. 困惑的，糊涂的，茫然的；concerned adj. 忧虑的；认为重要的；关注的 知识点2 描述文中人物特征 高考阅读理解中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。 把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 【描写人物特征的形容词】 generous慷慨的；brave勇敢的；demanding要求高的; 苛求的; 需要高技能(或耐性等)的; 费力的; 要求极严的; 难满足的；impatient不耐烦的； outgoing外向的；easy-going随和的；organized有条理的；modest谦虚的；optimistic乐观的；cautious小心，谨慎的；caring乐于助人的; 关心他人的; 体贴人的； skillful熟练的; 灵巧的; 擅长于 (at; in); 制作精巧的；responsible负责任的； determined有决心的；modest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitious有雄心的；adventurous冒险的；cooperative 有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capable adj. 有能力的,有才能的；confident adj.自信的；diligent adj.勤奋的；voluntary adj.自愿的,主动的；energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；humorous adj.幽默的；enthusiastic adj.热情的；experienced adj.有经验的 intelligent聪明的; 智能的; 有才智的; 悟性强的; 有智力的; 有理解和学习能力的；grateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型; 体育运动的; 健壮的；patient有耐心的；innovative创新的；tolerant忍受的；positive 积极的；committed坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的；considerate 体贴的；ashamed惭愧的; regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；shocked震惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；sorrowful悲伤的；sympathetic同情的；hardworking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；proud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；courageous勇敢的; 无畏的；independent独立的；sensitive敏感的。 熟记这些人物特征的形容词，深刻理解每个词的含义。设想每个词可能支撑的事实。这样我们在考试上，就能迅速找到正确答案。 关于人物的性质特征的描述，在试题题有时出现两个并列的词。例如：Determined and adaptable这时要注意，考生一定要从文章找到两个词的相关依据，不要看到一个词依据就做出判断，这样容易出错。 知识点3 描述作者对发生事件的态度 高考记叙文阅读理解中常有描述作者对事件的态度阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对文章的整体内容的思考，进而让考生推测作者的写作态度。 【解题指导】 把描述作者态度的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事实相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 【描写作者态度的形容词】（选项常用词） ambitious有雄心的；undoubted无怀疑的；indifferent冷漠的；unconfident没信心的；uncaring不关心的；worried担心的；satisfied满意的；cautious谨慎的；favorable赞同的；doubtful怀疑的；uninterested不感兴趣的；frightened 害怕的；puzzled迷惑不解的；concerned关心的；happy高兴的；tolerant忍受的；sympathetic同情的； delighted高兴的；carefree无忧无虑的; 无牵挂的; 不负责任的 unclear不清楚的； opposed反对的；appreciative adj.感激的; 感谢的; 欣赏的; 赏识的; suspicious adj.感觉可疑的; 怀疑的; 令人怀疑的; 可疑的; 不信任的; 持怀疑态度的；objective adj.客观的; 就事论事的; 不带个人感情的; 客观存在的; 基于事实的; confused迷惑不解的；conservative adj.保守的; 守旧的;pessimistic悲观的； disapproving不同意的；ambiguous模棱两可的；skeptical怀疑的 考●向●破●译 考向一 考查作者的自己感受 例1（2026·北京卷B）节选 ……I breathed a huge sigh of relief: I had expected sadness, maybe even doubt, but Dad was already looking to the future. His response had an impact on me. Yes, it was a huge goodbye in so many ways, but it was also the start of something new — an adventure in multigenerational living. I realised this wasn’t about loss at all, but about movement and trust. Hearing Dad’s cheerfulness, I realised that what I’d been seeing as “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one. Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. 26．How did the author feel after hearing her dad’s response? A．Uplifted. B．Puzzled. C．Concerned. D．Honoured. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→How→ author feel→hearing her dad’s response ●文章定位：倒数第二段中“I breathed a huge sigh of relief: I had expected sadness, maybe even doubt, but Dad was already looking to the future. (我如释重负地长舒了一口气：我原以为会是悲伤，甚至是怀疑，但爸爸已经在展望未来了。)”+ 最后一段中“Yes, it was a huge goodbye in so many ways, but it was also the start of something new an adventure in multigenerational living. (是的，这在很多方面都是一次巨大的告别，但也意味着新的开始——一种跨代际共同生活的冒险。)”+“Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. (坐在餐桌旁，做着我的迷你三明治，我终于明白，我已经准备好迎接我们下一章的人生了。)”→A．Uplifted. ●解析思维过程→从找到相关的事实→ 总结推断→15→A．Uplifted ●故选A 例2（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. 6. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→What → think of himself ●文章定位：Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking.I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.→Digitally competent ●解析思维过程→I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.→D. Digitally competent ●故选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。 例3（2026·山东济宁市一模） ……Trying things you thought you wouldn’t enjoy, I found, became oddly addictive. I didn’t love everything straight away, but I stopped saying no before I had even begun. Most recently, I tried out my local library’s chess club. I was easily 30 years younger than everyone else, but that didn’t matter. Honestly, there was nothing quite like being wiped off the board by someone who had been playing since before your parents met. I felt more of a connection with others there than at any organized twenty-something social event I’ve attended. …… 6．How did the author feel when losing the chess game? A．Totally relieved. B．Slightly puzzled. C．Rather embarrassed. D．Somewhat delighted. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ How→ author feel→losing the chess game ●文章定位：“Honestly, there was nothing quite like being wiped off the board by someone who had been playing since before your parents met. I felt more of a connection with others there than at any organized twenty-something social event I’ve attended. (老实说，那种被人在你还没出生的时候就就开始下棋的人面前就被淘汰出局的感觉，是前所未有的。在那里，我与他人的联系比我在任何一场有组织的二十多岁年轻人参加的社交活动中所建立的联系都要紧密得多)” ●解析思维过程→more of a connection with others联系都要紧密得多→D．Somewhat delighted. ●故选D 考向二 考查描述文中人物特征 例1（2026全国一卷B）I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” 25．How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A．Annoyed. B．Disappointed. C．Encouraged. D．Astonished. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→How→ Kevin feel→looking up the word in the dictionary ●文章定位：第二段中“I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” (我取下一本字典，我们一起读了几分钟，然后我把它递给了他。他试了好几次才找到那个词。在翻阅书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词?”)” ●解析思维过程→he kept saying, wide-eyed他睁大眼睛不停地说→ D．Astonished. ●故选D 例2（2026年1月浙江卷B）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 7．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ describes→ the author as a teacher ●文章定位：通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，通过第二段“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (例如，如果我们要讨论摩擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活中是如何工作的)” ●解析思维过程→敢于创新教学方式→打破学生对学习的固有认知→ 富有创新精神的→A．Innovative ●故选A 例3 （2024新课标Ⅰ卷）“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→What→think of him ●文章定位：If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) → odd ●解析思维过程→laugh at his unusual methods→ odd→15→A. He’s odd ●故选A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 例4（2026·湖南岳阳摸底）I grew up not loving the name, but once I was asked to change it, I thought, well, it is my name and do I look like a Suzie to you? I thought, no, it doesn’t feel right. I’m not going to change my name. And whether people remember it or not, that’s OK. And then they said they didn’t like the way I looked, so they sent me to a salon where they gave me a perm (烫发). After a few days all my hair fell out and I had to shave my head. At last, they really didn’t like the way I looked, because I was black and bald and sitting on TV wasn’t a pretty picture. But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other people’s tragedies as a part of my daily duty. And after eight months, I lost that job. They said I was too emotional. But since they didn’t want to pay out the contract, they put me on a talk show. And the moment I sat down on that show, the moment I felt like I’d come home. I realized that TV could be more than just a playground, but a platform for helping other people lift their lives. And the moment I sat down, doing that talk show, it felt like breathing. And that’s where everything that followed for me began. 6．Which can best describe Oprah? A．Careful and considerate. B．Understanding and optimistic. C．Persuasive and emotional. D．Determined and sympathetic. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→best describe Oprah ●文章定位：第三段中“I’m not going to change my name. And whether people remember it or not, that’s OK.”（我不会改名字的。不管人们记不记得，都没关系。）→Determined 第五段中“But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other people’s tragedies as a part of my daily duty. ”（但比秃顶更糟糕的是，我真的很讨厌被派去报道别人的悲剧，这是我日常工作的一部分。）→sympathetic→Determined+sympathetic→D．Determined and sympathetic. ●故选D 考向三 考查描述作者对发生事件的态度 例1 （2026全国二卷B）Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. …… 24．How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A．Honored. B．Amused. C．Stressed. D．Inspired. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→Reisley feel→having Wright as his house designer ●文章定位：“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”) ●解析思维过程→the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright→still living in the home he designed for me→A．Honored. ●故选A 例2 （2024北京卷）When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since. I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ How→result of the art exam ●文章定位：I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.→Discouraged ●解析思维过程→ talentless→C. Discouraged ●故选C 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ best describe→ the author’s dream ●文章定位：The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. →Empowering ●解析思维过程→a form of energy→B. Empowering ●故选B 【答案】24. C 26. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。 24.推理判断题。根据第二段“I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。 26.推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，还给我失去的东西。)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。 考点二 考查记叙文中的主旨要义 知●识●解●构 知识点 记叙文主旨要义题解题指导 在记叙文的阅读过程中，要注意把握人物的情感发展过程；事件的发展线索；作者思想感情的变化过程以及时间、空间的变化。阅读时做到不漏细节，把准寓意，方能成功。 在阅读过程中，找出“5Ws 和 1H”；按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，理解了文章的脉络，理解整个故事。记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。 依附原文，切忌主观臆断 答题时把握文章的线索，结合文章的主旨大意，切勿主观臆断； 主旨大意题 1. 避免主观臆断：在阅读原文基础上，仔细甄别选项是否与文章主题有密切联系； 2. 涵盖性强：看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。避免以偏概全，范围过大或过小。 解题步骤 1.通览全局 2.关注首尾段落：70%的记叙文在开头点题，结尾升华 3.勾画重复出现的关键词（人物行为/情感变化/象征物） 4.分析结构 情节发展： 开端 → 发展 → 高潮 → 结局 → 感悟 5.情感曲线： 通过形容词/副词捕捉情绪变化（如：frustrated → determined → relieved） 6.定位核心要素 ①主人公的关键抉择或顿悟时刻 ②人物关系转折点（如：从冲突到和解） ③象征物的深层含义（如：broken watch象征时间珍贵） ④排除干扰项 错误选项特征： □ 仅概括某个细节（出现具体人名/数字） □ 包含未提及的推论（出现must/only等绝对词） □ 与作者情感基调相悖（如文章悲伤却选乐观选项） 实战技巧 1.标题关联法：结合文章标题理解主旨（如标题"The Gift"多指情感馈赠而非实物） 2.三问检验法： ①主要人物经历了什么？ ②这个经历带来什么改变？ ③作者想通过这个变化说明什么？ ④高频词统计：快速统计重复3次以上的名词/动词 ⑤视角判断：第一人称故事往往包含个人成长主题 典型错误规避 1.混淆客观事实与主观意图：避免把故事内容当主旨 2.过度解读：不添加原文未有元素 考●向●破●译 考向一 考查文章大意 例1（2026北京卷） …… Yes, it was a huge goodbye in so many ways, but it was also the start of something new — an adventure in multigenerational living. I realised this wasn’t about loss at all, but about movement and trust. Hearing Dad’s cheerfulness, I realised that what I’d been seeing as “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one. Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. …… 27．What does the story mainly tell us? A．Silence is the best cure for nostalgia. B．Distance makes the heart grow fonder. C．Optimism lights the path for tomorrow. D．Parenting sets the pace of a child’s growth. 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→the story→mainly tell us ●文章定位：文章大意以及最后一段中“Hearing Dad’s cheerfulness, I realised that what I’d been seeing as “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one. Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. (听到爸爸的乐观，我才明白，我曾认为“一个时代的终结”，其实正是另一个新时代的开端。坐在餐桌旁，做着我的迷你三明治，我终于明白，我已经准备好迎接我们下一章的人生了。) ●解析思维过程→记叙文的结尾段往往有点睛之笔→ “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one“一个时代的终结”，其实正是另一个新时代的开端→C．Optimism lights the path for tomorrow. ●故选C 例2（2023年浙江1月卷）Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 27．What is the text mainly about? A．How to get on well with other family members. B．How to have one’s own personal space at home. C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D．How to control the budget when buying groceries. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→mainly about ●文章定位：①Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)→②I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞) ●解析思维过程→①+②→C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. ●故选C 27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。 例3（2018年北京卷） My First Marathon（马拉松） A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂. The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂ By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. zxxk Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂. 39. What does the story mainly tell us? A. A man owes his success to his family support. B. A winner is one with a great effort of will. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One is never too old to learn. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→mainly tell us ●文章定位：Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂ ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→Determined→free of shame and worldly labels→a great effort of will（选项）→call myself a ＂marathon winner＂→B. A winner is one with a great effort of will. ●故选B 【答案】39. B 39.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。 考向二 考查文章标题 例1（2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【思维过程】 ●题干关键词→What→ a suitable title ●文章定位：①The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles②“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.③ include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. ●解析思维过程→①+②+③→B. Experiencing Country Life ●故选B 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。 例2(2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷)A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools." Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries." 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→Which→a suitable title ●文章定位：Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）bring about a classroom revolution+promote the teaching of the arts in our schools→A. Bring Artists to Schools ●故选A 【解析】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。 考向三 考查段落大意 例1（2026·山西金科大联考联考）……The program was founded by Professor Marvin at Arizona State University. He grew up in a farming town as the child of immigrant farmworkers. His high school had limited funding and low expectations; college was rare for students like him. He graduated with a 1.9 GPA (Grade Point Average) and started at a community college, even earning a 0.0 GPA in his first year. With teachers’ encouragement, he kept studying, and finally earned a master’s degree from Johns Hopkins and a doctorate from Harvard.…… What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Marvin’s personal growth. B．The origin of the STEM program. C．The present educational difficulties in Arizona. D．Marvin’s immigrant farmworkers’ background. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→paragraph 2 →mainly about ●文章定位：He grew up in a farming town as the child of immigrant farmworkers. His high school had limited funding and low expectations; college was rare for students like him. He graduated with a 1.9 GPA (Grade Point Average) and started at a community college, even earning a 0.0 GPA in his first year. With teachers’ encouragement, he kept studying, and finally earned a master’s degree from Johns Hopkins and a doctorate from Harvard.(他在一座农业小镇长大，父母是移民农场工人。他就读的高中资金有限，对学生的期待值也很低；像他这样的学生很少能上大学。他毕业时平均绩点仅 1.9，先进入一所社区大学就读，第一年甚至考出了0.0的平均绩点。在老师们的鼓励下，他坚持学习，最终取得了约翰・霍普金斯大学的硕士学位以及哈佛大学的博士学位) ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→the child of immigrant farmworkers→graduated with a 1.9 GPA→ earned a master’s degree from Johns Hopkins →a doctorate from Harvard→personal growth ●故选A 例2（2027·河南新乡市第一次模拟）……The garden is a great place to learn and be a part of a community. Volunteers gain valuable skills and learn more about themselves. “Working on the Community Garden helped me gain the knowledge and experience to start my own garden at home to provide my family with a sustainable source of produce,” said Kelly. Being able to volunteer here provides students with new perspectives on agriculture and the importance of community. “Agriculture is hard, calculated work- it’s extremely time sensitive and requires an immense amount of consistent care.” …… What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The knowledge needed in voluntary work. B．The importance of providing community service. C．The hard and demanding work involved in agriculture. D．The benefits of volunteering for the Community Garden. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→the last paragraph →mainly idea ●文章定位：“The garden is a great place to learn and be a part of a community. Volunteers gain valuable skills and learn more about themselves.(这座菜园是学习知识、融入社区的好去处。志愿者可以习得实用技能，更加了解自我。)” ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→a great place to learn→gain valuable skills→learn more about themselves→The benefits ●故选D 考点三 考查细节理解题 知●识●解●构 知识点 记叙文细节理解题解题指导 记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。最后升华总结作者的感悟。 解题步骤 在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查细节理解 例1（2026全国一卷B） Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary.…… 24．What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A．Use electronic devices. B．Consult a paper dictionary. C．Guess from the context. D．Turn to his English teacher. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ Kevin usually do→to get the meaning of a word ●文章定位：“Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. (不久前，我上五年级的儿子Kevin问我一本小说里某个词的意思。“查字典，”我回答。“但是我的屏幕使用时间已经用完了，”他说。我刻意地看向放着至少三本字典的书架，Kevin夸张地叹了口气。“你就不能用你的手机查吗？”他问道。) ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→ my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word→ “But my screen time is off,” he said→ Use electronic devices ●故选 A 例2（2026全国二卷B）……Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.…… 25．What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A．Its natural environment. B．Its large-sized houses. C．The convenience of its location. D．The warmth of its residents. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→What→ settle down in Usonia ●文章定位：“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。) ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→ they were greeted with such enthusiasm→ they decided to join→The warmth of its residents.→同义表达：enthusiasm——warmth ●故选 D 例3（2026·广东汕头市普通高考第一次模拟） When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. 6．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→ unexpected outcome→the author’s teaching method ●文章定位：“When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them (起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能提高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密的关系)” ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them→C．A closer teacher-student bond.→同义表达relationships——bond ●故选C 考点四 考查写作目的 知●识●解●构 知识点 写作目的 （1）记叙文写作目的特点： 记叙文很重要的特征进行人物描写、环境描写、心理描写，作者总是通过这些手段达到通过描写抒发情感和感慨的作用，所以，记叙文写作目的是被考查的重要特色。 （2）解题技巧： 写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。 一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。 （3）目的意图题的设问方式 What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? The purpose of the text is to get more people to _______. The writer of the story wants to tell us that________. The fact…is mentioned by the author to show________. The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________. 考●向●破●译 考向 考查写作目的 例1(2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷) The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol. I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit. "Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box." "What's that?" they asked. "It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied, "You don't have grandchildren," someone said. 4. What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students? A. To collect the water pistol. B. To talk about her grandchildren. C. To recommend some toys. D. To explain her teaching method. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→the author's purpose→having the conversation with the students ●文章定位：①I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.→②Please bring that pistol to me,’ I said. ‘I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box. ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→①+②→A. To collect the water pistol. ●故选 A 【简单解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。现在流行的是水枪)”以及第三段中“‘Please bring that pistol to me,’ I said. ‘I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box.’(“请把那支水枪给我，”我说。“我要把它放在我‘奶奶的盒子’里。”)”由此可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是收集水枪。故选A。 例2（2018年浙江卷6月）In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad. In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a great writer. B. To introduce an English novel. C. To encourage studies on culture. D. To promote values of the Victorian age. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→the author’s purpose→in writing the text ●文章定位：when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved→Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.→But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one→A. To remember a great writer ●故选 A 【简单解析】 23.A 写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。 考点五 考查推理判断题 知●识●解●构 知识点 情节推理 推理判断是主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义。高考记叙文对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的故事情节的细节、人物情感的话语及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断事件发生的前因后果，升华故事的背后隐藏含义及给人的启示等。解答该类型题目时要从故事中的某个描述的细节或人物情感的变化，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。 1. 设问形式 What can we infer/ conclude from the passage? The author suggests that… 2. 设题特点 推理隐含意义的隐含推断题是高考阅读理解中的常见题型，难易程度不等。解答此类题目常在理解原文表面文字信息的基础之上。读懂原文，理解弦外之音。做出最合理的推断。 3. 解题技巧 第一 定位信息。确定题干关键词。利用跳读在文中定位相关信息。这样能够进行推理的依据。 第二 综合分析。抓住原文关键信息。以全文主旨和中心为依据，在理解字面意义的基础之上进行有逻辑的推断，理解作者的言外之意。 第三 正确选项。正确选项中的意思与原文信息点属于同义表达的意思相近。是立足原文推断出的内容，不是原文直接叙述的信息。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查推理判断 例1（2026全国一卷B）……I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase.…… 26．What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A．It helped her through college. B．It was given to Kevin as a gift. C．It bore witness to her efforts. D．It was a valuable limited edition. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→learn about→author’s first dictionary ●文章定位：“I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. (我的第一本字典是我13岁生日时的礼物。我决定要尽可能多地学习单词，并开始用铅笔在我查过的每个词条旁做标记来衡量自己的进步。我持续做这些铅笔标记多年，上大学时，我把那本字典装进了行李箱)” ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→measure my progress+continued for years→同义表达measure——witness ●故选 C 例2（2026全国二卷B）……The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 27．What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A．He is very attached to Wright buildings. B．He is devoted to health education. C．He is an expert in home decoration. D．He is passionate about tourism. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→inferred→ Reisley→the last paragraph ●文章定位：“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)” ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→a good steward→not just of the Wright creation，but all others as well→co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy →A．He is very attached to Wright buildings.他对赖特设计的建筑情有独钟。 ●故选 A 例3（2025年1月浙江卷）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. …… 24．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．She is upset by her kids’ weight. B．She is critical of the way she was fed. C．She is interested in making food. D．She is particular about what she eats. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→inferred→about the author→the first paragraph ●文章定位：When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)→often told what not to eat→messed up my relationship with food→took me years to overcome→B．She is critical of the way she was fed. ●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→messed up+years to overcome→推断背后的情绪→critical ●故选 B 考点 六 考查猜测词义 知●识●解●构 知识点 猜测词义 猜测词义是阅读能力的一部分，也是高考阅读理解测试中重要的一项。在完整的语篇中，单词和词组的意义总是受特定的语境、上下文限制的，因此考生可以根据上下文，并利用所掌握的语法、词汇和构词法等知识确定它们的意义。词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断；既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，而要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。 一、根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。 二．根据同位关系进行猜测 阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。 三．根据构词法(前缀、后缀、派生等)进行猜测 在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。 四．根据因果关系进行猜测 在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。 五．根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测 文章中的代词it, that, he, him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。 六．根据同义或近义关系进行猜测 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。 七．根据转折或对比关系进行猜测 根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如： 考●向●破●译 考向 考查猜测词义 例1（2025全国I卷）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 6. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→staggering→mean ●文章定位：diverse topics→turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each→broadened my view and touched my heart→Amazing ●故选 B 【简单解析】 6. B词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (结果是staggering。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 例2（2016年新课标Ⅱ卷）Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, "But I’m just not creative." 7. What does the underlined word "downside" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden. 【解题思维过程】 ●题干关键词→downside→mean ●文章定位：Encouraging this kind of thinking→ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking→ I’m just not creative→Drawback ●故选 B B考查词义猜测。根据下文的"I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking"可知,作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险。故可知该词的意思为"不足,缺点",所以 选B项。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1. 【2024浙江1月卷】When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago， right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The play. B. The shared house. C. The sofa. D. The telephone box. 5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice. C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition. 6. What do we know about the “mini community library”? A. It provides phone service for free. B. Anyone can contribute to its collection. C. It is popular among young readers. D. Books must be returned within a month. 7. Why did the author start to use the “library”? A. He wanted to borrow some love stories. B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C. He found there were excellent free books. D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。 4.词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。 5.细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。 6.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。 7.细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。 2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 4.细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 5.细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。 6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 3.【2023年全国乙卷】 Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their equipment. 7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。 4.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。 5.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。 6.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。 7.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。 4.【2023年全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day? A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement. 27. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。 4.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。 5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。 6.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。 7.细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。 5.【2023年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。 24.推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。 25.细节理解题。根据第三段“So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。 26.推理判断题。根据第四段“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。 27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. (我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供的机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。 6.【2022年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption. C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration. 25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up. 26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety. C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。 24.细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。 25.细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。 26.细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。 27.推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。 7.【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn. C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different. 2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. An Italian teacher. B. A government official. C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate. 3. How did the summer job benefit the author? A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true. 【答案】l.D 2.C 3.C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。 2.C推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。 3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。 8.【2022年浙江卷1月】 For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was bom of the financial crisis （危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job. Merebeth*s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas. This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking. It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, *'When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals. 1. Why did Merebeth changed her job? A. She wanted to work near her home. B. She was tired of working in the office. C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver. D. Her former employer was out of business. 2. The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to ? A. make money. B. try various jobs. C. be close to nature. D. travel to different places. 3 What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job? A. She has chances to see rare animals. B. She works hard throughout the year. C. She relies on herself the whole time. D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary. 【答案】l.D 2.D 3.C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专 家。 1.推理判断题。根据第一段中 “ The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了 10 年 的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换 工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。 2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中 “ It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新 的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不 同的地方旅行”。故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界 里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。 故选C。 9.【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn. C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different. 2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. An Italian teacher. B. A government official. C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate. 3. How did the summer job benefit the author? A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true. 【答案】l.D 2.C 3.C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。 1.D细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。 2.C推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。 3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。 10.【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments. 25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous. 26. What does Titterton need to practise? A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”. C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style. 27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”? A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience. C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。 24. A细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。 25. C推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。 26. B细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。 27. D细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解——记叙文 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查记叙文中的独特特征 知识解构 知识点1 描述作者的自己感受 知识点2 描述文中人物特征 知识点3 描述作者对发生事件的态度 考向破译 考向01 考查作者的自己感受 考向02 考查描述作者对发生事件的态度 考点二 考查记叙文中的主旨要义 知识解构 知识点 记叙文主旨要义题解题指导 考向破译 考向01考查文章大意 考向02 考查文章标题 考向03 考查段落大意 考点三 考查细节理解题 知识解构 知识点 记叙文细节理解题解题指导 考向破译 考向 考查细节理解 考点四 考查写作目的 知识解构 知识点 写作目的指导 考向破译 考向 考查写作目的 考点五 考查推理判断题 知识解构 知识点 情节推理 考向破译 考向 考查推理判断 考点六 考查猜测词义 知识解构 知识点 猜测词义指导 考向破译 考向 考查猜测词义 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 阅读理解之记叙文 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 人与自我 （2026高考一卷）通过纸质词典学习单词的经历（2026高考二卷）建筑保护事业的故事（2026浙江1月卷）课堂教学的经历 （2025高考I卷）一位写作教师的教学认知突破之旅（2025高考II卷）在医院学校帮助患病儿童进行课业学习 人与社会 （2024新高考I卷）美国兽医采用针灸技术治疗动物 （2024新高考II卷）旧金山捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务（2024浙江1月卷）感受电话亭变迁 考情分析 考情分析： 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 2．从命题思路上看： 记叙文最主要的特征是考查人物的性格特征，其次是细节理解，也会考查主旨大意、写作意图等。记叙文阅读材料内容丰富多彩，总是描写正能量的人物形象，传递积极向善的主题思想，有时需要通过语言、场景、人物思想情绪的描写来感悟弦外之音和深化主题。 预计2027年记叙文仍然是命题的必考点。复习过程中要熟练掌握记叙文的命题特点和解题方法，做到成功拿下记叙文阅读拿。 复习目标 复习目标：1.掌握记叙文的文体特征，作者感受、对人物的评价及对事件的评价是记叙文的特色。 2.掌握记叙文的命题规律及各种题型的解题要领。如细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题。 3.掌握记叙文选项的常见干扰项的设置特点及应对策略。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 考查记叙文中的独特特征 知●识●解●构 知识点1 描述作者的自己感受 记叙文与其他文体最大的区别是：记叙文通过人物故事、环境描写、人物情绪、人物动作等立体情境，描绘出一个活灵活现的画面，从而表达作者的某种情感和态度，进而表达主题思想、歌颂美好事物和内心感受。所以在高考记叙文命题中，常考学生通过故事情节的变化，推断作者的感受。 常见的选项词汇有：annoyed adj. 恼怒的，气恼的；disappointed adj. 失望的，灰心的；encouraged受鼓舞的astonished adj. 感到惊讶的；十分惊奇的；honored adj. 光荣的：荣幸的；amused adj. 被逗笑的；愉快的；顽皮的；stressed adj. 紧张的；感到有压力的；inspired adj. 有创造力的；品质优秀的；有雄心壮志的uplifted adj. 感到振奋的；puzzled adj. 困惑的，糊涂的，茫然的；concerned adj. 忧虑的；认为重要的；关注的 知识点2 描述文中人物特征 高考阅读理解中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。 把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 【描写人物特征的形容词】 generous慷慨的；brave勇敢的；demanding要求高的; 苛求的; 需要高技能(或耐性等)的; 费力的; 要求极严的; 难满足的；impatient不耐烦的； outgoing外向的；easy-going随和的；organized有条理的；modest谦虚的；optimistic乐观的；cautious小心，谨慎的；caring乐于助人的; 关心他人的; 体贴人的； skillful熟练的; 灵巧的; 擅长于 (at; in); 制作精巧的；responsible负责任的； determined有决心的；modest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitious有雄心的；adventurous冒险的；cooperative 有合作意识的；honest诚实的；capable adj. 有能力的,有才能的；confident adj.自信的；diligent adj.勤奋的；voluntary adj.自愿的,主动的；energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；humorous adj.幽默的；enthusiastic adj.热情的；experienced adj.有经验的 intelligent聪明的; 智能的; 有才智的; 悟性强的; 有智力的; 有理解和学习能力的；grateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型; 体育运动的; 健壮的；patient有耐心的；innovative创新的；tolerant忍受的；positive 积极的；committed坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的；considerate 体贴的；ashamed惭愧的; regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；shocked震惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；sorrowful悲伤的；sympathetic同情的；hardworking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；proud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；courageous勇敢的; 无畏的；independent独立的；sensitive敏感的。 熟记这些人物特征的形容词，深刻理解每个词的含义。设想每个词可能支撑的事实。这样我们在考试上，就能迅速找到正确答案。 关于人物的性质特征的描述，在试题题有时出现两个并列的词。例如：Determined and adaptable这时要注意，考生一定要从文章找到两个词的相关依据，不要看到一个词依据就做出判断，这样容易出错。 知识点3 描述作者对发生事件的态度 高考记叙文阅读理解中常有描述作者对事件的态度阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对文章的整体内容的思考，进而让考生推测作者的写作态度。 【解题指导】 把描述作者态度的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事实相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 【描写作者态度的形容词】（选项常用词） ambitious有雄心的；undoubted无怀疑的；indifferent冷漠的；unconfident没信心的；uncaring不关心的；worried担心的；satisfied满意的；cautious谨慎的；favorable赞同的；doubtful怀疑的；uninterested不感兴趣的；frightened 害怕的；puzzled迷惑不解的；concerned关心的；happy高兴的；tolerant忍受的；sympathetic同情的； delighted高兴的；carefree无忧无虑的; 无牵挂的; 不负责任的 unclear不清楚的； opposed反对的；appreciative adj.感激的; 感谢的; 欣赏的; 赏识的; suspicious adj.感觉可疑的; 怀疑的; 令人怀疑的; 可疑的; 不信任的; 持怀疑态度的；objective adj.客观的; 就事论事的; 不带个人感情的; 客观存在的; 基于事实的; confused迷惑不解的；conservative adj.保守的; 守旧的;pessimistic悲观的； disapproving不同意的；ambiguous模棱两可的；skeptical怀疑的 考●向●破●译 考向一 考查作者的自己感受 例1（2026·北京卷B）节选 ……I breathed a huge sigh of relief: I had expected sadness, maybe even doubt, but Dad was already looking to the future. His response had an impact on me. Yes, it was a huge goodbye in so many ways, but it was also the start of something new — an adventure in multigenerational living. I realised this wasn’t about loss at all, but about movement and trust. Hearing Dad’s cheerfulness, I realised that what I’d been seeing as “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one. Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. 26．How did the author feel after hearing her dad’s response? A．Uplifted. B．Puzzled. C．Concerned. D．Honoured. 例2（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. 6. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 例3（2026·山东济宁市一模） ……Trying things you thought you wouldn’t enjoy, I found, became oddly addictive. I didn’t love everything straight away, but I stopped saying no before I had even begun. Most recently, I tried out my local library’s chess club. I was easily 30 years younger than everyone else, but that didn’t matter. Honestly, there was nothing quite like being wiped off the board by someone who had been playing since before your parents met. I felt more of a connection with others there than at any organized twenty-something social event I’ve attended. …… 6．How did the author feel when losing the chess game? A．Totally relieved. B．Slightly puzzled. C．Rather embarrassed. D．Somewhat delighted. 考向二 考查描述文中人物特征 例1（2026全国一卷B）I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” 25．How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A．Annoyed. B．Disappointed. C．Encouraged. D．Astonished. 例2（2026年1月浙江卷B）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 7．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. 例3 （2024新课标Ⅰ卷）“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 例4（2026·湖南岳阳摸底）I grew up not loving the name, but once I was asked to change it, I thought, well, it is my name and do I look like a Suzie to you? I thought, no, it doesn’t feel right. I’m not going to change my name. And whether people remember it or not, that’s OK. And then they said they didn’t like the way I looked, so they sent me to a salon where they gave me a perm (烫发). After a few days all my hair fell out and I had to shave my head. At last, they really didn’t like the way I looked, because I was black and bald and sitting on TV wasn’t a pretty picture. But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other people’s tragedies as a part of my daily duty. And after eight months, I lost that job. They said I was too emotional. But since they didn’t want to pay out the contract, they put me on a talk show. And the moment I sat down on that show, the moment I felt like I’d come home. I realized that TV could be more than just a playground, but a platform for helping other people lift their lives. And the moment I sat down, doing that talk show, it felt like breathing. And that’s where everything that followed for me began. 6．Which can best describe Oprah? A．Careful and considerate. B．Understanding and optimistic. C．Persuasive and emotional. D．Determined and sympathetic. 考向三 考查描述作者对发生事件的态度 例1 （2026全国二卷B）Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. …… 24．How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A．Honored. B．Amused. C．Stressed. D．Inspired. 例2 （2024北京卷）When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since. I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 考点二 考查记叙文中的主旨要义 知●识●解●构 知识点 记叙文主旨要义题解题指导 在记叙文的阅读过程中，要注意把握人物的情感发展过程；事件的发展线索；作者思想感情的变化过程以及时间、空间的变化。阅读时做到不漏细节，把准寓意，方能成功。 在阅读过程中，找出“5Ws 和 1H”；按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，理解了文章的脉络，理解整个故事。记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。 依附原文，切忌主观臆断 答题时把握文章的线索，结合文章的主旨大意，切勿主观臆断； 主旨大意题 1. 避免主观臆断：在阅读原文基础上，仔细甄别选项是否与文章主题有密切联系； 2. 涵盖性强：看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。避免以偏概全，范围过大或过小。 解题步骤 1.通览全局 2.关注首尾段落：70%的记叙文在开头点题，结尾升华 3.勾画重复出现的关键词（人物行为/情感变化/象征物） 4.分析结构 情节发展： 开端 → 发展 → 高潮 → 结局 → 感悟 5.情感曲线： 通过形容词/副词捕捉情绪变化（如：frustrated → determined → relieved） 6.定位核心要素 ①主人公的关键抉择或顿悟时刻 ②人物关系转折点（如：从冲突到和解） ③象征物的深层含义（如：broken watch象征时间珍贵） ④排除干扰项 错误选项特征： □ 仅概括某个细节（出现具体人名/数字） □ 包含未提及的推论（出现must/only等绝对词） □ 与作者情感基调相悖（如文章悲伤却选乐观选项） 实战技巧 1.标题关联法：结合文章标题理解主旨（如标题"The Gift"多指情感馈赠而非实物） 2.三问检验法： ①主要人物经历了什么？ ②这个经历带来什么改变？ ③作者想通过这个变化说明什么？ ④高频词统计：快速统计重复3次以上的名词/动词 ⑤视角判断：第一人称故事往往包含个人成长主题 典型错误规避 1.混淆客观事实与主观意图：避免把故事内容当主旨 2.过度解读：不添加原文未有元素 考●向●破●译 考向一 考查文章大意 例1（2026北京卷） …… Yes, it was a huge goodbye in so many ways, but it was also the start of something new — an adventure in multigenerational living. I realised this wasn’t about loss at all, but about movement and trust. Hearing Dad’s cheerfulness, I realised that what I’d been seeing as “the end of an era” was actually the start of a new one. Sitting at the table, making my mini sandwich, I realised I was ready for our next chapter. …… 27．What does the story mainly tell us? A．Silence is the best cure for nostalgia. B．Distance makes the heart grow fonder. C．Optimism lights the path for tomorrow. D．Parenting sets the pace of a child’s growth. 例2（2023年浙江1月卷）Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 27．What is the text mainly about? A．How to get on well with other family members. B．How to have one’s own personal space at home. C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D．How to control the budget when buying groceries. 例3（2018年北京卷） My First Marathon（马拉松） A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂. The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂ By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. zxxk Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂. 39. What does the story mainly tell us? A. A man owes his success to his family support. B. A winner is one with a great effort of will. C. Failure is the mother of success. D. One is never too old to learn. 考向二 考查文章标题 例1（2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 例2(2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷)A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools." Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries." 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher 考向三 考查段落大意 例1（2026·山西金科大联考联考）……The program was founded by Professor Marvin at Arizona State University. He grew up in a farming town as the child of immigrant farmworkers. His high school had limited funding and low expectations; college was rare for students like him. He graduated with a 1.9 GPA (Grade Point Average) and started at a community college, even earning a 0.0 GPA in his first year. With teachers’ encouragement, he kept studying, and finally earned a master’s degree from Johns Hopkins and a doctorate from Harvard.…… What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Marvin’s personal growth. B．The origin of the STEM program. C．The present educational difficulties in Arizona. D．Marvin’s immigrant farmworkers’ background. 例2（2027·河南新乡市第一次模拟）……The garden is a great place to learn and be a part of a community. Volunteers gain valuable skills and learn more about themselves. “Working on the Community Garden helped me gain the knowledge and experience to start my own garden at home to provide my family with a sustainable source of produce,” said Kelly. Being able to volunteer here provides students with new perspectives on agriculture and the importance of community. “Agriculture is hard, calculated work- it’s extremely time sensitive and requires an immense amount of consistent care.” …… What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The knowledge needed in voluntary work. B．The importance of providing community service. C．The hard and demanding work involved in agriculture. D．The benefits of volunteering for the Community Garden. 考点三 考查细节理解题 知●识●解●构 知识点 记叙文细节理解题解题指导 记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。最后升华总结作者的感悟。 解题步骤 在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查细节理解 例1（2026全国一卷B） Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary.…… 24．What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A．Use electronic devices. B．Consult a paper dictionary. C．Guess from the context. D．Turn to his English teacher. 例2（2026全国二卷B）……Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.…… 25．What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A．Its natural environment. B．Its large-sized houses. C．The convenience of its location. D．The warmth of its residents. 例3（2026·广东汕头市普通高考第一次模拟） When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. 6．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 考点四 考查写作目的 知●识●解●构 知识点 写作目的 （1）记叙文写作目的特点： 记叙文很重要的特征进行人物描写、环境描写、心理描写，作者总是通过这些手段达到通过描写抒发情感和感慨的作用，所以，记叙文写作目的是被考查的重要特色。 （2）解题技巧： 写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。 一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。 （3）目的意图题的设问方式 What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? The purpose of the text is to get more people to _______. The writer of the story wants to tell us that________. The fact…is mentioned by the author to show________. The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________. 考●向●破●译 考向 考查写作目的 例1(2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷) The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol. I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit. "Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box." "What's that?" they asked. "It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied, "You don't have grandchildren," someone said. 4. What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students? A. To collect the water pistol. B. To talk about her grandchildren. C. To recommend some toys. D. To explain her teaching method. 例2（2018年浙江卷6月）In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad. In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a great writer. B. To introduce an English novel. C. To encourage studies on culture. D. To promote values of the Victorian age. 考点五 考查推理判断题 知●识●解●构 知识点 情节推理 推理判断是主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义。高考记叙文对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的故事情节的细节、人物情感的话语及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断事件发生的前因后果，升华故事的背后隐藏含义及给人的启示等。解答该类型题目时要从故事中的某个描述的细节或人物情感的变化，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。 1. 设问形式 What can we infer/ conclude from the passage? The author suggests that… 2. 设题特点 推理隐含意义的隐含推断题是高考阅读理解中的常见题型，难易程度不等。解答此类题目常在理解原文表面文字信息的基础之上。读懂原文，理解弦外之音。做出最合理的推断。 3. 解题技巧 第一 定位信息。确定题干关键词。利用跳读在文中定位相关信息。这样能够进行推理的依据。 第二 综合分析。抓住原文关键信息。以全文主旨和中心为依据，在理解字面意义的基础之上进行有逻辑的推断，理解作者的言外之意。 第三 正确选项。正确选项中的意思与原文信息点属于同义表达的意思相近。是立足原文推断出的内容，不是原文直接叙述的信息。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查推理判断 例1（2026全国一卷B）……I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase.…… 26．What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A．It helped her through college. B．It was given to Kevin as a gift. C．It bore witness to her efforts. D．It was a valuable limited edition. 例2（2026全国二卷B）……The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 27．What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A．He is very attached to Wright buildings. B．He is devoted to health education. C．He is an expert in home decoration. D．He is passionate about tourism. 例3（2025年1月浙江卷）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. …… 24．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．She is upset by her kids’ weight. B．She is critical of the way she was fed. C．She is interested in making food. D．She is particular about what she eats. 考点 六 考查猜测词义 知●识●解●构 知识点 猜测词义 猜测词义是阅读能力的一部分，也是高考阅读理解测试中重要的一项。在完整的语篇中，单词和词组的意义总是受特定的语境、上下文限制的，因此考生可以根据上下文，并利用所掌握的语法、词汇和构词法等知识确定它们的意义。词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断；既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，而要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。 一、根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。 二．根据同位关系进行猜测 阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。 三．根据构词法(前缀、后缀、派生等)进行猜测 在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。 四．根据因果关系进行猜测 在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。 五．根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测 文章中的代词it, that, he, him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。 六．根据同义或近义关系进行猜测 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。 七．根据转折或对比关系进行猜测 根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如： 考●向●破●译 考向 考查猜测词义 例1（2025全国I卷）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 6. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 例2（2016年新课标Ⅱ卷）Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, "But I’m just not creative." 7. What does the underlined word "downside" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden. 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 1. 【2024浙江1月卷】When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago， right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The play. B. The shared house. C. The sofa. D. The telephone box. 5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice. C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition. 6. What do we know about the “mini community library”? A. It provides phone service for free. B. Anyone can contribute to its collection. C. It is popular among young readers. D. Books must be returned within a month. 7. Why did the author start to use the “library”? A. He wanted to borrow some love stories. B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C. He found there were excellent free books. D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 3.【2023年全国乙卷】 Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their equipment. 7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 4.【2023年全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day? A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement. 27. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. 5.【2023年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. 6.【2022年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption. C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration. 25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up. 26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety. C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait. 7.【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn. C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different. 2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. An Italian teacher. B. A government official. C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate. 3. How did the summer job benefit the author? A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true. 8.【2022年浙江卷1月】 For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was bom of the financial crisis （危机）in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job. Merebeth*s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas. This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking. It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, *'When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals. 1. Why did Merebeth changed her job? A. She wanted to work near her home. B. She was tired of working in the office. C. Her sister asked her to move to Denver. D. Her former employer was out of business. 2. The word "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to ? A. make money. B. try various jobs. C. be close to nature. D. travel to different places. 3 What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job? A. She has chances to see rare animals. B. She works hard throughout the year. C. She relies on herself the whole time. D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary. 9.【2022年浙江卷6月】Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be fluent in two languages. In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. 1. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn? A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn. C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different. 2. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. An Italian teacher. B. A government official. C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate. 3. How did the summer job benefit the author? A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction. C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true. 10.【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments. 25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous. 26. What does Titterton need to practise? A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”. C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style. 27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”? A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience. C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $