Unit 2 Hobbies（知识清单）英语新教材译林版七年级上册

该初中英语Unit 2 Hobbies知识清单围绕“兴趣爱好”主题，系统整合主题分类词汇、核心短语、实用交际句型、一般现在时语法及写作模块，构建从基础语言要素到综合运用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“易错点专项标注”“语法结构表格化”“写作框架+素材库”设计，如动词-ing变化规则标注双写规则，频度副词用“be后实前，助情中间”口诀辅助记忆，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。写作模块提供话题分析与范文，助力不同水平学生掌握表达逻辑，教师可直接用于分层教学，提升课堂效率。

Unit 2 Hobbies 主 题 分 类 词 汇 一、动词： 1. /dɑːns/ v. 跳舞 名词：dancing 舞蹈（动名词可作主语/宾语） 2. /swɪm/ v. 游泳 名词：swimming 游泳（双写m+ing） 3. /riːd/ v. 阅读 现在分词：reading； 4. /rʌn/ v. 跑步 现在分词：running（双写n+ing） 5. /drɔː/ v. 画画 现在分词：drawing 6. /pleɪ/ v. 玩耍；打（球）；弹奏 考点：play+球类/棋类；play+the+乐器 二．其他： 7. /ˈhɒbi/ n. 爱好 复数：hobbies（辅音+y结尾，变y为i+es） 考点：many hobbies 许多爱好；different hobbies 不同爱好 8. /tiːm/ n. 队，队伍 搭配：sports team 运动队 9. /friː/ adj. 空闲的；免费的 搭配：free time 空闲时间 10. /strɒŋ/ adj. 强壮的 拓展：make sb. strong 使某人强壮 11. /fʌn/ n. 乐趣；adj. 有趣的 搭配：have fun 玩得开心 12. /ˈriːəli/ adv. 真正地，确实 形容词：real 真实的 短 语 1. 喜欢做某事（长期爱好） 2. 擅长做某事 3. 在某人的空闲时间 4. 在周末 5. 放学后 6. 打篮球/足球/网球 7. 去游泳 8. 很有趣，玩得很开心 9. 使某人强壮/健康 10. 许多不同的爱好 11. 看球类比赛 12. ……的一员 13. 实现（梦想） 14. 待在家 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1. ?你的爱好是什么？ 考点：hobby 单复数灵活转换 2. 我空闲时间喜欢做运动。 核心结构：like/love/enjoy + doing sth. 3. 踢足球很有趣。 考点：动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 4. 它让我强壮又开心。 核心结构：make sb. + 形容词 5. 他擅长打网球。 必考结构：be good at + 名词/doing 6. 我经常在周末做运动。 考点：频度副词位置（实义动词前） 7. ?你放学后经常游泳吗？ 8. .运动对我们有益。 固定搭配：be good for 对……有益 语法 一般现在时 写作 兴趣爱好 一、知识点精讲 1.how often 多久一次 用来提问动作发生的频率，常用来对usually、always、often、sometimes、never、once a week、twice a month等频度副词或短语进行提问。 —How often do you visit your grandparents, Simon? 西蒙，你多久去看望一次你的祖父母？ — a month.一个月两次。 2.one of... ……之一 （1）one of后接可数名词复数或人称代词复数的宾格形式。 （2）one of...作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 （3）one of后接名词复数时，名词前通常要加the、形容词性物主代词等限定词。 One of my classmates from Australia.我的一个同班同学来自澳大利亚。 One of the books from my father.这些书中有一本是爸爸送我的。 3.get to do sth.有机会做某事 We don’t get to visit the museum at this time.我们这个时候没法去参观博物馆。 拓展get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事 I’ll get Sandy buy some fruit for me.我会让桑迪帮我买些水果。 4.endless/ˈendləs/ adj.无穷无尽的，不计其数的 由“end（n.终止）+ -less（形容词后缀）”构成。 The possibilities are endless.有无限的可能性。 He always has endless work to do.他总是有无穷无尽的工作要做。 拓展-less为形容词后缀，意为“没有；无；不做”。 常见的含有该词缀的词还有： homeless meaningless useless hopeless tireless selfless 5.be good with 善于应付……的 The teacher is very good with children.这位老师对孩子很有一套。 Amy is good with money.埃米很会理财。 拓展 含good的其他常用短语: be good at 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 David is good at skating.戴维擅长滑冰。 be good to 后接名词或代词。 The Browns are good to us.布朗一家对我们很友好。 be good for 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。 6.辨析how many与how much how many How many flowers do you want？ 你想要几朵花？ how much How much are the flowers？这些花多少钱？ How much is the milk？牛奶多少钱？ How much milk does she drink？她喝了多少牛奶？ 7.辨析each与every each ①常指两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重整体中的个体。 ②既可作限定词，又可作代词（可单独使用，也可与of连用）。 every ①指三者或三者以上中的每一个，侧重整体。 ②为限定词，只能作定语，不可单独使用，也不可与of连用。 student is in the classroom and. . is doing his or her homework.所有学生都在教室里，各自做着自己的家庭作业。 8.designer/dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n.设计师；构思者 由“design（v.设计；构思）+ -er（名词后缀）”构成。 She always wears clothes by top designers.她总是穿顶级设计师设计的衣服。 拓展英语中有一些动词加上后缀-er可构成表示 职业的名词，如： teach→ （n.教师） sing→ （n.歌唱家） drive→ （n.司机） dance→ （n.舞蹈家） work→ （n.工人） write→ （n.作家） 9.hope/həʊp/ v. & n.希望 （1）［动词］用法如下： hope to do sth.希望做某事 I hope to be a music teacher.我希望成为一名音乐老师。（安徽中考） hope+（that）从句     希望…… I hope that you are well.我希望你身体健康。 hope for sth.希望…… We are hoping for good weather on Sunday.我们希望星期天天气好。 （2）［名词］希望，期望 She doesn’t lose .她没有失去希望。 二、核心语法精讲 一般现在时Ⅱ——行为动词的一般现在时 行为动词的一般现在时 一 行为动词一般现在时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 My father gets up at 6:00 every morning.我的父亲每天早上6点起床。 表示目前的爱好、能力等。 My mother sings very well.我的母亲歌唱得很好。 表示不受时限的客观事实。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时常与always、 often、 usually、 sometimes等频度副词或every day/week/morning、in the morning/afternoon/evening等时间状语连用。 二．行为动词一般现在时的两种形式 　　根据主语的人称和数的不同,行为动词的一般现在时有两种形式。 (1)当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称的复数时,行为动词使用其原形。 We have breakfast and supper at home.我们在家吃早饭和晚饭。 You like swimming, right? 你们喜欢游泳,对吗? My parents read books at weekends.我父母周末读书。 (2)当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词使用其第三人称单数形式。 He does his homework at home. 他在家里做他的家庭作业。 三． 行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成方法 规则 示例 大部分动词后加 like→ live→ 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词, study→ fly→ 以ch、sh、ss或x结尾的动词后加 watch→ wash→ dress→ fix→ 以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加 go→ do→ 特殊变化 have→ 四． 含行为动词的一般现在时的句式结构 句式 句式结构 例句 肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式(+其他). I like pears.我喜欢梨。 The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 否定句 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形(+其他). I don’t like milk.我不喜欢牛奶。 She doesn’t want to go out.她不想出去。 一般疑问句及其简略回答 Do/Does+主语+动词原形(+其他)? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t. —Do you go to school by bike?你骑自行车去上学吗? —Yes, I do./No, I don’t.是的,我骑。/不,我不骑。 —Does Millie live in Beijing? Millie住在北京吗? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.是的,她住在北京。/不,她不住在北京。 一.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 1.work 　　　         2.dress 　　　         　　　         3.write 　　　         4.wash 　　　         　　　    　     5.have 　　　         6.do 　　　             　　     7.go 　　　         8.study 　　　         　　　    　     9.teach 　　　         10.play 　　　         　　　     三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Chinese Language Day 　　　        (fall) on April 20th of every year. 2.Linda with her parents usually 　　　        (fly) kites in the park at the weekend. 3.Tom 　　　        (not like) playing football, but he likes playing chess. 4.— 　　　        your parents 　　　        (go) to work by car? —No. They usually 　　　        (take) the bus. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题是兴趣爱好，要求学生能介绍自己或他人的兴趣爱好，写作时可以从以下几个方面展开：①引出兴趣爱好是什么；②介绍喜欢这项爱好的原因及跟此爱好相关的行为等；③介绍这项爱好对生活和学习的影响。写作时要注意是介绍自己还是他人的兴趣爱好，确定好人称。 2. 写作框架 要求：1.语言通顺，要点齐全，条理清楚； 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3.90词左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear John, How is it going? I’m writing to tell you about my hobby. 3. 写作素材 （1）my favourite hobby我最喜欢的爱好　 （2）like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 （3）be good for...对……有益　 （4）great fun很有趣　 （5）all kinds of各种各样的　 （6）learn a lot from...从……学到很多　 （7）in the future在未来　 （8）come true实现 （9）a sports fan一个体育迷　 （10）enjoy riding a bike喜欢骑自行车　 （11）be good for对……有益 （12）a member of...……的一个成员　 （13）be interested in对……感兴趣　 （14）like sth. best最喜欢某物　 （15）in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间　 （16）my favourite sport我最喜爱的运动 （17）They can help us make new friends and have fun!它们可以帮助我们结交新朋友并玩得开心! 4. 范文背诵 Dear John, How is it going? I’m writing to tell you about my hobby. I love playing basketball very much.I’m a member of the school basketball team. All the best! Mike 易错点01 动词-ing 变化规则（单元最高频考点） ✅ 一般情况直接加 ing：play→playing, read→reading ✅ 以不发音e结尾，去e加ing：dance→dancing ✅ 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加ing：swim→swimming, run→running ❌ 易错陷阱：be good at 后必须用 ing，不能用原形 易错点02 频度副词用法（单选+句型转换必考） ✅ 频率排序（从高到低）：always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > never ✅ 位置口诀：be后实前，助情中间 例：She is always happy.（be动词后） She always plays football.（实义动词前） 【对点训练】 1．—I think I will ________ be a member of the school basketball team. —Come on! You can make it. Trust me! A．sometimes B．seldom C．never D．always 2．She ________ watches TV on weekdays, but she watches it on weekends. A．always B．usually C．seldom D．often 易错点03 like / love / enjoy 用法辨析 ✅ like doing sth. 长期爱好、习惯性喜欢 ✅ like to do sth. 某次具体、临时喜欢 ✅ enjoy 后只能接 doing，不接 to do 【对点训练】 1．I like ________ (sit) in the living room. 2．I enjoy ________ (talk) about my hobbies with new classmates. 3．Many students enjoy ________ (watch) the school basketball games during lunch breaks. 易错点04 make 核心句型 ✅ make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（动词原形，无to） ✅ make sb. + 形容词 使某人处于某种状态 【对点训练】 1．He is funny and always tells many interesting stories to make us ________ (laugh). 2．Listening practice makes us ________ (understand) self-introduction sentences better. 易错点05 一般现在时主谓一致 ✅ 主语三单（he/she/it/单数人名/单数名词），动词变三单： like→likes, play→plays, watch→watches ✅ 非三单主语，动词用原形 【对点训练】 1．这张照片使我想起了俄罗斯之行。 The photo ________ me ________ the trip to Russia. 2．He tells funny jokes every day. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ funny jokes every day. 易错点06 hobby 复数是 hobbies，不是 hobbyes（辅音+y变y为i加es） 易错点07 球类运动不加the，乐器必须加the：play football / play the piano 易错点08 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数：Playing sports is fun. 【对点训练】 1．Adriana is ________ Italian girl. She plays ________ violin very well. A．an; / B．an; the C．a; / D．a; the 2．—Does your cousin play ________ violin? —No, he likes playing ________ basketball. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 3．Now traveling ________ (become) easier and faster. 4．Playing computer games too often ________ good for us. A．isn’t B．aren’t C．be 一．根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 1. There are many books in the l________. You can borrow them. 2. The park is very beautiful. We can enjoy the f________ air there. 3. I'm very t________. I want to have a rest. 4. The food in this restaurant is very d________. I like it very much. 5. — What's the w________ like today?— It's sunny. 二．用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. What makes you ________ (look) so sad? 2. I have a lot of hobbies, like ________ (read) and singing. 3. My sister enjoys ________ (watch) TV in the evening. 4. It's very important for us ________ (learn) English well. 5. He is kind and always ________ (help) others. 三．用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 visit, music, swim, two, play 1. There are a lot of ________ in the concert. 2. My father goes ________ every week. 3. I like ________ the piano. 4. Look! Some ________ are taking photos in the zoo. 5. She is going to Beijing for the ________ time. 四．根据汉语意思完成句子,每空词数不限 1.西蒙非常喜欢打排球,他计划加入排球俱乐部。 Simon enjoys _______________________ very much. He __________________ the Volleyball Club. 2.我们应该向这些伟大的科学家学习,他们是我们的楷模。 We should learn from these great _______________. They are ________________ for us. 3.在我家附近有一个艺术博物馆。它里面有许多漂亮的艺术品。 There is __________________ near my home. There are many beautiful _________________ in it. 4.齐白石是一位国画大师。许多人喜欢他的画作。 Qi Baishi is ___________________________. Many people like his ______________. 5.未来我想要设计漂亮的衣服。 I want to ____________________________________. 五用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My brother ______ (like) playing football. He ______ (play) it every afternoon. 2. —What ______ (do) your sister usually do in her free time? —She ______ (enjoy) reading storybooks. 3. There are many ______ (book) in the school library. We can borrow some. 4. I like ______ (listen) to music. It makes me relaxed. 5. Tom and his friends ______ (often/go) swimming on weekends. 6. My mother ______ (not/like) watching TV. She ______ (prefer) cooking. 7. There are three ______ (knife) on the table. Be careful! 8. She ______ (want) to learn to dance. Can you teach ______ (she)? 9. —How many ______ (child) are there in the park? —About twenty. 10. My hobby is ______ (collect) stamps. I have over 200 ______ (stamp). 六．句型转换 1. He likes playing basketball.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ playing basketball. 2. They often go hiking on Sundays.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they often ______ on Sundays? 3. My hobby is collecting coins.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ your hobby? 4. She has two storybooks.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ two storybooks? 5. Tom likes to watch TV in the evening.（改为同义句） Tom likes ______ TV in the evening. 七．语法填空 （1） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chinese schools often have 1 (parent) meetings. They help 2 (they) know about their children’s schoolwork. In our school, the meeting is often on the 3 (two) Friday afternoon of a new year. The next day is the weekend, so teachers and parents have enough (足够的) time to have a good talk. The meeting 4 (start) at 6:00 p.m. and most parents can come to school after work. Sometimes the meetings are in the evening. These meetings are very short. They’re about 5 hour. These face-to-face talks are very good 6 teachers, parents and students. In our school, students can sit near their parents. How do you feel when you hear your teachers and parents talking about you? I 7 (real) feel happy 8 I’m good at all my 9 (lesson). I have a dream. I want 10 (be) a scientist. I work hard every day. How about your school? Is that OK with you? 八．阅读理解 A Welcome to Sunshine Middle School! Here are some elective courses (选修课) for you. Come and join us! SwimmingTeacher: Mr. Hu Place: The gym Time: Tuesday and Thursday 4:30 p.m. — 5:30 p.m. CookingTeacher: Mrs. Zhang Place: The kitchen room Time: Tuesday and Friday 3:00 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. GuitarTeacher: Miss Lin Place: The music room Time: Monday 3:00 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. Coding (编码)Teacher: Mr. Zhu Place: The computer room Time: Wednesday and Friday 3:30 p.m. — 4:30 p.m. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many elective courses are there in the poster? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Who is the teacher of the cooking course? A．Mr. Hu. B．Mrs. Zhang. C．Miss Lin. D．Mr. Zhu. 3．Emma likes music. What course can she choose (选择)? A． B． C． D． 4．Oliver’s maths lesson ends at 4:20 pm on Tuesday. Where can he go after class? A．To the gym. B．To the kitchen room. C．To the music room. D．To the computer room. 5．Where can you see this poster (海报)? A．In a park. B．In a restaurant. C．In a bookstore. D．In a school. B Of all the clubs in my school, I like the Hanfu Club best and I’m in it now. At school, my favorite subject is Chinese. I can learn about Chinese history, geography and culture (文化). After school, I can also learn a lot in the Hanfu Club. There are many activities in the club. First, we have a discussion every Tuesday afternoon. We talk about the hanfu in TV plays. Every Friday afternoon, we have a hanfu-making lesson. We make the hanfu at the lesson. There is a festival for all hanfu lovers (爱好者) on November 22nd. On this big day, we wear hanfu to the streets, stores and parks. In December, we have a big party before New Year’s Day. Girls and boys in our club dance and sing old songs. We all wear very beautiful hanfu at the party. Now many people love hanfu. It is relaxing for us to wear hanfu. All people in our club are interested in Chinese culture. We want more people to love hanfu and Chinese culture. 1．Which subject does the writer like best? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Geography. D．Art. 2．What is the meaning of underlined (划线的) word “discussion” in paragraph (段落) 2? A．裁剪 B．演戏 C．讨论 D．剪辑 3．At the festival, hanfu lovers________. A．wear hanfu to go out B．have a party C．go to the club D．dance and sing old songs 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A．My favorite club—Hanfu Club. B．My favorite subject. C．To help students to learn Chinese. D．How to join the Hanfu Club. 九．写作 2．你们学校的英语校报新开设了一个名叫Friends的专栏，面向全校学生征稿。你觉得你的好朋友李华各方面都非常优秀，打算写一篇介绍他的文章给校报投稿。以下是你做好的关于李华的思维导图，请根据导图要点完成你的英语文章。 Basic information Li Hua 12 years old Li Hua Appearance of medium height short straight hair … Personal qualities hard-working … (自行补充一点并举例详细介绍) Hobbies… 写作要求： 1. 词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内，要根据要点提示适当发挥； 2. 书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等真实信息，否则不予评分。 Li Hua is my best friend. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Hobbies 主 题 分 类 词 汇 一、动词： 1. dance /dɑːns/ v. 跳舞 名词：dancing 舞蹈（动名词可作主语/宾语） 2. swim /swɪm/ v. 游泳 名词：swimming 游泳（双写m+ing） 3. read /riːd/ v. 阅读 现在分词：reading； 4. run /rʌn/ v. 跑步 现在分词：running（双写n+ing） 5. draw /drɔː/ v. 画画 现在分词：drawing 6. play /pleɪ/ v. 玩耍；打（球）；弹奏 考点：play+球类/棋类；play+the+乐器 二．其他： 7. hobby /ˈhɒbi/ n. 爱好 复数：hobbies（辅音+y结尾，变y为i+es） 考点：many hobbies 许多爱好；different hobbies 不同爱好 8. team /tiːm/ n. 队，队伍 搭配：sports team 运动队 9. free /friː/ adj. 空闲的；免费的 搭配：free time 空闲时间 10. strong /strɒŋ/ adj. 强壮的 拓展：make sb. strong 使某人强壮 11. fun /fʌn/ n. 乐趣；adj. 有趣的 搭配：have fun 玩得开心 12. really /ˈriːəli/ adv. 真正地，确实 形容词：real 真实的 短 语 1. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事（长期爱好） 2. be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 3. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间 4. at the weekend 在周末 5. after school 放学后 6. play basketball/football/tennis 打篮球/足球/网球 7. go swimming 去游泳 8. have great fun 很有趣，玩得很开心 9. make sb. strong/healthy 使某人强壮/健康 10. many different hobbies 许多不同的爱好 11. watch ball games 看球类比赛 12. a member of ……的一员 13. come true 实现（梦想） 14. stay at home 待在家 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1. What’s your hobby? = What hobbies do you have?你的爱好是什么？ 考点：hobby 单复数灵活转换 2. I like/love/enjoy doing sports in my free time.我空闲时间喜欢做运动。 核心结构：like/love/enjoy + doing sth. 3. Playing football is great fun.踢足球很有趣。 考点：动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 4. It makes me strong and happy.它让我强壮又开心。 核心结构：make sb. + 形容词 5. He is good at playing tennis.他擅长打网球。 必考结构：be good at + 名词/doing 6. I often play sports at the weekend.我经常在周末做运动。 考点：频度副词位置（实义动词前） 7. Do you often swim after school?你放学后经常游泳吗？ 8. Sports are good for us.运动对我们有益。 固定搭配：be good for 对……有益 语法 一般现在时 写作 兴趣爱好 一、知识点精讲 1.how often 多久一次 用来提问动作发生的频率，常用来对usually、always、often、sometimes、never、once a week、twice a month等频度副词或短语进行提问。 —How often do you visit your grandparents, Simon? 西蒙，你多久去看望一次你的祖父母？ —Twice a month.一个月两次。 2.one of... ……之一 （1）one of后接可数名词复数或人称代词复数的宾格形式。 （2）one of...作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 （3）one of后接名词复数时，名词前通常要加the、形容词性物主代词等限定词。 One of my classmates is from Australia.我的一个同班同学来自澳大利亚。 One of the books is from my father.这些书中有一本是爸爸送我的。 3.get to do sth.有机会做某事 We don’t get to visit the museum at this time.我们这个时候没法去参观博物馆。 拓展get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事 I’ll get Sandy to buy some fruit for me.我会让桑迪帮我买些水果。 4.endless/ˈendləs/ adj.无穷无尽的，不计其数的 由“end（n.终止）+ -less（形容词后缀）”构成。 The possibilities are endless.有无限的可能性。 He always has endless work to do.他总是有无穷无尽的工作要做。 拓展-less为形容词后缀，意为“没有；无；不做”。 常见的含有该词缀的词还有： homeless无家可归的 meaningless无意义的 useless无用的 hopeless无望的 tireless孜孜不倦的 selfless无私的 5.be good with 善于应付……的 The teacher is very good with children.这位老师对孩子很有一套。 Amy is good with money.埃米很会理财。 拓展 含good的其他常用短语: be good at 擅长……； 精通…… 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 David is good at skating.戴维擅长滑冰。 be good to 对…… 友好 后接名词或代词。 The Browns are good to us.布朗一家对我们很友好。 be good for 对…… 有好处 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。 6.辨析how many与how much how many 提问可数名词的数量。 How many flowers do you want？ 你想要几朵花？ how much 提问价格,主语既可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。 How much are the flowers？这些花多少钱？ How much is the milk？牛奶多少钱？ 提问不可数名词的量。 How much milk does she drink？她喝了多少牛奶？ 7.辨析each与every each ①常指两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重整体中的个体。 ②既可作限定词，又可作代词（可单独使用，也可与of连用）。 every ①指三者或三者以上中的每一个，侧重整体。 ②为限定词，只能作定语，不可单独使用，也不可与of连用。 Every/Each student is in the classroom and. .each is doing his or her homework.所有学生都在教室里，各自做着自己的家庭作业。 8.designer/dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n.设计师；构思者 由“design（v.设计；构思）+ -er（名词后缀）”构成。 She always wears clothes by top designers.她总是穿顶级设计师设计的衣服。 拓展英语中有一些动词加上后缀-er可构成表示 职业的名词，如： teach→teacher（n.教师） sing→singer（n.歌唱家） drive→driver（n.司机） dance→dancer（n.舞蹈家） work→worker（n.工人） write→writer（n.作家） 9.hope/həʊp/ v. & n.希望 （1）［动词］用法如下： hope to do sth.希望做某事 I hope to be a music teacher.我希望成为一名音乐老师。（安徽中考） hope+（that）从句     希望…… I hope that you are well.我希望你身体健康。 hope for sth.希望…… We are hoping for good weather on Sunday.我们希望星期天天气好。 （2）［名词］希望，期望 She doesn’t lose hope.她没有失去希望。 二、核心语法精讲 一般现在时Ⅱ——行为动词的一般现在时 行为动词的一般现在时 一 行为动词一般现在时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 My father gets up at 6:00 every morning.我的父亲每天早上6点起床。 表示目前的爱好、能力等。 My mother sings very well.我的母亲歌唱得很好。 表示不受时限的客观事实。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时常与always、 often、 usually、 sometimes等频度副词或every day/week/morning、in the morning/afternoon/evening等时间状语连用。 二．行为动词一般现在时的两种形式 　　根据主语的人称和数的不同,行为动词的一般现在时有两种形式。 (1)当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称的复数时,行为动词使用其原形。 We have breakfast and supper at home.我们在家吃早饭和晚饭。 You like swimming, right? 你们喜欢游泳,对吗? My parents read books at weekends.我父母周末读书。 (2)当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词使用其第三人称单数形式。 He does his homework at home. 他在家里做他的家庭作业。 三． 行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成方法 规则 示例 大部分动词后加s like→likes live→lives 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加es study→studies fly→flies 以ch、sh、ss或x结尾的动词后加es watch→watches wash→washes dress→dresses fix→fixes 以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加es go→goes do→does 特殊变化 have→has 四． 含行为动词的一般现在时的句式结构 句式 句式结构 例句 肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式(+其他). I like pears.我喜欢梨。 The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 否定句 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形(+其他). I don’t like milk.我不喜欢牛奶。 She doesn’t want to go out.她不想出去。 一般疑问句及其简略回答 Do/Does+主语+动词原形(+其他)? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t. —Do you go to school by bike?你骑自行车去上学吗? —Yes, I do./No, I don’t.是的,我骑。/不,我不骑。 —Does Millie live in Beijing? Millie住在北京吗? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.是的,她住在北京。/不,她不住在北京。 一.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 1.work 　　　         2.dress 　　　         　　　         3.write 　　　         4.wash 　　　         　　　    　     5.have 　　　         6.do 　　　             　　     7.go 　　　         8.study 　　　         　　　    　     9.teach 　　　         10.play 　　　         　　　     【答案】1.works 2.dresses 3.writes 4.washes 5.has 6.does7.goes 8.studies 9.teaches 10.plays 三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Chinese Language Day 　　　        (fall) on April 20th of every year. 【答案】falls句意:每年的4月20日是汉语日。根据every year可知用一般现在时,主语Chinese Language Day为第三人称单数,故谓语动词用fall的第三人称单数形式falls。 2.Linda with her parents usually 　　　        (fly) kites in the park at the weekend. 【答案】flies 解析　Linda为本句的主语,是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 3.Tom 　　　        (not like) playing football, but he likes playing chess. 【答案】doesn't like解析　行为动词like的否定形式需要借助助动词。因为主语Tom为第三人称单数,故填doesn't like。 4.— 　　　        your parents 　　　        (go) to work by car? —No. They usually 　　　        (take) the bus. 【答案】Do，go，take解析　问句的主语为 your parents,故用助动词Do,第二空用动词原形go;第三空所在句的主语为They,故用动词原形take。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题是兴趣爱好，要求学生能介绍自己或他人的兴趣爱好，写作时可以从以下几个方面展开：①引出兴趣爱好是什么；②介绍喜欢这项爱好的原因及跟此爱好相关的行为等；③介绍这项爱好对生活和学习的影响。写作时要注意是介绍自己还是他人的兴趣爱好，确定好人称。 2. 写作框架 要求：1.语言通顺，要点齐全，条理清楚； 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3.90词左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear John, How is it going? I’m writing to tell you about my hobby. 3. 写作素材 （1）my favourite hobby我最喜欢的爱好　 （2）like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 （3）be good for...对……有益　 （4）great fun很有趣　 （5）all kinds of各种各样的　 （6）learn a lot from...从……学到很多　 （7）in the future在未来　 （8）come true实现 （9）a sports fan一个体育迷　 （10）enjoy riding a bike喜欢骑自行车　 （11）be good for对……有益 （12）a member of...……的一个成员　 （13）be interested in对……感兴趣　 （14）like sth. best最喜欢某物　 （15）in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间　 （16）my favourite sport我最喜爱的运动 （17）They can help us make new friends and have fun!它们可以帮助我们结交新朋友并玩得开心! 4. 范文背诵 Dear John, How is it going? I’m writing to tell you about my hobby. I love playing basketball very much.I’m a member of the school basketball team. ①I practice playing basketball with my teammates every day. ②It can not only help me keep healthy but also make me happy.③What’s more, playing basketball teaches me the importance of teamwork. ④My favourite basketball star is Yao Ming. His amazing skills make him a role model for me and many other teenagers. ⑤ I want to become a basketball player in the future. My basketball skills can help me a lot. ⑥ I hope my dream can come true one day. All the best! Mike 易错点01 动词-ing 变化规则（单元最高频考点） ✅ 一般情况直接加 ing：play→playing, read→reading ✅ 以不发音e结尾，去e加ing：dance→dancing ✅ 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加ing：swim→swimming, run→running ❌ 易错陷阱：be good at 后必须用 ing，不能用原形 易错点02 频度副词用法（单选+句型转换必考） ✅ 频率排序（从高到低）：always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > never ✅ 位置口诀：be后实前，助情中间 例：She is always happy.（be动词后） She always plays football.（实义动词前） 【对点训练】 1．—I think I will ________ be a member of the school basketball team. —Come on! You can make it. Trust me! A．sometimes B．seldom C．never D．always 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想我永远成不了校篮球队的一员。——加油！你能做到的。相信我！ sometimes有时；seldom很少；never从不；always总是。根据答语“Come on! You can make it. Trust me!”可知，对方在鼓励说话人，说明说话人对自己缺乏信心，认为自己不可能进入篮球队，应填never。 2．She ________ watches TV on weekdays, but she watches it on weekends. A．always B．usually C．seldom D．often 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她在工作日很少看电视，但她在周末看。 always总是；usually通常；seldom很少；often经常。根据句意可知，此处存在转折关系，工作日和周末形成对比，“but she watches it on weekends”说明她工作日不怎么看电视，应用seldom。 易错点03 like / love / enjoy 用法辨析 ✅ like doing sth. 长期爱好、习惯性喜欢 ✅ like to do sth. 某次具体、临时喜欢 ✅ enjoy 后只能接 doing，不接 to do 【对点训练】 1．I like ________ (sit) in the living room. 【答案】sitting 【详解】句意：我喜欢坐在客厅里。sit“坐”，like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，表示经常性的动作，此处用sit的动名词形式sitting。 2．I enjoy ________ (talk) about my hobbies with new classmates. 【答案】talking 【详解】句意：我喜欢和新同学谈论我的爱好。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，此处用动名词talking作宾语。 3．Many students enjoy ________ (watch) the school basketball games during lunch breaks. 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：许多学生喜欢在午休时间观看学校的篮球比赛。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，要用watch“观看”的动名词形式watching作宾语。 易错点04 make 核心句型 ✅ make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（动词原形，无to） ✅ make sb. + 形容词 使某人处于某种状态 【对点训练】 1．He is funny and always tells many interesting stories to make us ________ (laugh). 【答案】laugh 【详解】句意：他很风趣，总是讲很多有趣的故事逗我们笑。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”是固定搭配，此处应该用动词原形laugh。 2．Listening practice makes us ________ (understand) self-introduction sentences better. 【答案】understand 【详解】句意：听力练习让我们更好地理解自我介绍的句子。understand“理解”，动词，且make是使役动词，常用结构为make sb.do sth.，后面接 不带to的动词原形作宾语补足语，应填understand。 易错点05 一般现在时主谓一致 ✅ 主语三单（he/she/it/单数人名/单数名词），动词变三单： like→likes, play→plays, watch→watches ✅ 非三单主语，动词用原形 【对点训练】 1．这张照片使我想起了俄罗斯之行。 The photo ________ me ________ the trip to Russia. 【答案】 reminds of 【详解】原句中“使我想起”是关键词，表示“使某人想起某物”的固定短语是remind sb. of sth.。本句为一般现在时，主语“The photo”是单数可数名词，谓语动词需使用第三人称单数形式reminds。故填reminds；of。 2．He tells funny jokes every day. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ funny jokes every day. 【答案】 doesn’t tell 【详解】句意：他每天都讲有趣的笑话。原句是一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词是实义动词tell的三单形式tells，变否定句需借助助动词does的否定形式doesn’t，实义动词tell用原形。 易错点06 hobby 复数是 hobbies，不是 hobbyes（辅音+y变y为i加es） 易错点07 球类运动不加the，乐器必须加the：play football / play the piano 易错点08 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数：Playing sports is fun. 【对点训练】 1．Adriana is ________ Italian girl. She plays ________ violin very well. A．an; / B．an; the C．a; / D．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：阿德里安娜是一个意大利女孩。她小提琴拉得很好。 第一处泛指一个女孩，“Italian”是以元音音素开头，所以用an；第二处用在乐器violin前，用定冠词the。 2．—Does your cousin play ________ violin? —No, he likes playing ________ basketball. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的堂/表兄弟拉小提琴吗？——不，他喜欢打篮球。 表示演奏乐器时，乐器名词前加定冠词the；表示球类运动时，球类名词前不加冠词。 3．Now traveling ________ (become) easier and faster. 【答案】is becoming 【详解】句意：如今出行正变得越来越便捷、快速。句中Now是现在进行时态的典型提示词，强调当下出行状态的持续变化。 ‌现在进行时的结构为：主语+be (am/is/are) + 动词现在分词(v-ing)。主语traveling是动名词作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式，所以be动词用is，become的现在分词为becoming。故填is becoming。 4．Playing computer games too often ________ good for us. A．isn’t B．aren’t C．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经常玩电脑游戏对我们不好。 isn’t 不是；aren’t 不是；be是。主语“Playing computer games too often”是动名词短语，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式；根据常识可知经常玩游戏对我们“不”好，需用否定形式。应填isn’t。 一．根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 1. There are many books in the l________. You can borrow them. 2. The park is very beautiful. We can enjoy the f________ air there. 3. I'm very t________. I want to have a rest. 4. The food in this restaurant is very d________. I like it very much. 5. — What's the w________ like today?— It's sunny. 【答案】1. library 2. fresh 3. tired 4. delicious 5. weather 二．用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. What makes you ________ (look) so sad? 2. I have a lot of hobbies, like ________ (read) and singing. 3. My sister enjoys ________ (watch) TV in the evening. 4. It's very important for us ________ (learn) English well. 5. He is kind and always ________ (help) others. 【答案】1. look 2. reading 3. watching 4. to learn 5. helps 三．用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。 visit, music, swim, two, play 1. There are a lot of ________ in the concert. 2. My father goes ________ every week. 3. I like ________ the piano. 4. Look! Some ________ are taking photos in the zoo. 5. She is going to Beijing for the ________ time. 【答案】1. musicians 2. swimming 3. playing 4. visitors 5. twice 四．根据汉语意思完成句子,每空词数不限 1.西蒙非常喜欢打排球,他计划加入排球俱乐部。 Simon enjoys _______________________ very much. He __________________ the Volleyball Club. 2.我们应该向这些伟大的科学家学习,他们是我们的楷模。 We should learn from these great _______________. They are ________________ for us. 3.在我家附近有一个艺术博物馆。它里面有许多漂亮的艺术品。 There is __________________ near my home. There are many beautiful _________________ in it. 4.齐白石是一位国画大师。许多人喜欢他的画作。 Qi Baishi is ___________________________. Many people like his ______________. 5.未来我想要设计漂亮的衣服。 I want to ____________________________________. 【答案】1.playing volleyball ，　plans to join    2.scientists ，　role models    3.　an art museum  ，　works of art    4.　a master of Chinese painting ，　paintings    5.　design beautiful clothes in the future    ， 五用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My brother ______ (like) playing football. He ______ (play) it every afternoon. 2. —What ______ (do) your sister usually do in her free time? —She ______ (enjoy) reading storybooks. 3. There are many ______ (book) in the school library. We can borrow some. 4. I like ______ (listen) to music. It makes me relaxed. 5. Tom and his friends ______ (often/go) swimming on weekends. 6. My mother ______ (not/like) watching TV. She ______ (prefer) cooking. 7. There are three ______ (knife) on the table. Be careful! 8. She ______ (want) to learn to dance. Can you teach ______ (she)? 9. —How many ______ (child) are there in the park? —About twenty. 10. My hobby is ______ (collect) stamps. I have over 200 ______ (stamp). 【答案】1. likes; plays 2. does; enjoys 3. books 4. listening/to listen 5. often go 6. doesn’t like; prefers 7. knives 8. wants; her 9. children 10. collecting; stamps 六．句型转换 1. He likes playing basketball.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ playing basketball. 2. They often go hiking on Sundays.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they often ______ on Sundays? 3. My hobby is collecting coins.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ your hobby? 4. She has two storybooks.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ two storybooks? 5. Tom likes to watch TV in the evening.（改为同义句） Tom likes ______ TV in the evening. 【答案】1. doesn’t like 2. What do; do 3. What is 4. Does; have 5. watching 七．语法填空 （1） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chinese schools often have 1 (parent) meetings. They help 2 (they) know about their children’s schoolwork. In our school, the meeting is often on the 3 (two) Friday afternoon of a new year. The next day is the weekend, so teachers and parents have enough (足够的) time to have a good talk. The meeting 4 (start) at 6:00 p.m. and most parents can come to school after work. Sometimes the meetings are in the evening. These meetings are very short. They’re about 5 hour. These face-to-face talks are very good 6 teachers, parents and students. In our school, students can sit near their parents. How do you feel when you hear your teachers and parents talking about you? I 7 (real) feel happy 8 I’m good at all my 9 (lesson). I have a dream. I want 10 (be) a scientist. I work hard every day. How about your school? Is that OK with you? 【答案】1．parents’ 2．them 3．second 4．starts 5．an 6．for 7．really 8．because 9．lessons 10．to be 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国学校家长会的常规安排、形式特点，结合作者自身感受和个人梦想展开，最后询问读者所在学校的相关情况，体现了家长会对家校沟通的作用。 1．句意：中国的学校经常举办家长会。根据“Chinese schools often have...meetings.”以及提示词可知，此处表示家长们的会议，应用名词所有格形式，即parents’。故填parents’。 2．句意：这些会议帮助家长们了解他们孩子的学业情况。根据“help”可知，动词后加人称代词宾格，they的宾格为them。故填them。 3．句意：在我们学校，家长会通常在新年的第二个周五下午举行。根据“on the...Friday afternoon”以及提示词可知，此处指第二个周五下午，应用序数词，two的序数词为second。故填second。 4．句意：会议在下午6点开始，大多数家长下班后都能来学校。根据“The meeting...at 6:00 p.m.”结合前后文时态可知，本句为一般现在时态，且主语“The meeting”为单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填starts。 5．句意：大约一个小时。此处泛指“一个小时”，空后hour是以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。故填an。 6．句意：这些面对面的交流对老师、家长和学生都非常有益。be good for“对……有好处”，固定搭配。故填for。 7．句意：我真的感到很开心，因为我擅长所有的功课。此处应用副词修饰动词feel，real的副词为really。故填really。 8．句意：我真的感到很开心，因为我擅长所有的功课。根据“I...feel happy...I’m good at all my”可知，开心是因为擅长所有功课，此处应用because“因为”，表原因。故填because。 9．句意：我真的感到很开心，因为我擅长所有的功课。空前为all，空处应用名词复数。故填lessons。 10．句意：我想成为一名科学家。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故填to be。 八．阅读理解 A Welcome to Sunshine Middle School! Here are some elective courses (选修课) for you. Come and join us! SwimmingTeacher: Mr. Hu Place: The gym Time: Tuesday and Thursday 4:30 p.m. — 5:30 p.m. CookingTeacher: Mrs. Zhang Place: The kitchen room Time: Tuesday and Friday 3:00 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. GuitarTeacher: Miss Lin Place: The music room Time: Monday 3:00 p.m. — 4:00 p.m. Coding (编码)Teacher: Mr. Zhu Place: The computer room Time: Wednesday and Friday 3:30 p.m. — 4:30 p.m. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many elective courses are there in the poster? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Who is the teacher of the cooking course? A．Mr. Hu. B．Mrs. Zhang. C．Miss Lin. D．Mr. Zhu. 3．Emma likes music. What course can she choose (选择)? A． B． C． D． 4．Oliver’s maths lesson ends at 4:20 pm on Tuesday. Where can he go after class? A．To the gym. B．To the kitchen room. C．To the music room. D．To the computer room. 5．Where can you see this poster (海报)? A．In a park. B．In a restaurant. C．In a bookstore. D．In a school. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是应用文，为一则海报。主要介绍了阳光中学的四门选修课程的相关信息。 【详解】1．根据海报内容，展示了Swimming、Cooking、Guitar、Coding (编码)共4门选修课程。 2．根据“Cooking”板块下的“Teacher: Mrs. Zhang”可知，烹饪课的老师是张女士。 3．根据“Guitar”板块对应的是音乐相关课程，Emma喜欢音乐，所以可以选择吉他课。 4．根据“Swimming”板块的时间“Tuesday...4:30 p.m.—5:30 p.m.”，Oliver周二的数学课4:20结束，之后可以去体育馆上游泳课。 5．海报是关于阳光中学的选修课程，所以可以在学校看到这张海报。 B Of all the clubs in my school, I like the Hanfu Club best and I’m in it now. At school, my favorite subject is Chinese. I can learn about Chinese history, geography and culture (文化). After school, I can also learn a lot in the Hanfu Club. There are many activities in the club. First, we have a discussion every Tuesday afternoon. We talk about the hanfu in TV plays. Every Friday afternoon, we have a hanfu-making lesson. We make the hanfu at the lesson. There is a festival for all hanfu lovers (爱好者) on November 22nd. On this big day, we wear hanfu to the streets, stores and parks. In December, we have a big party before New Year’s Day. Girls and boys in our club dance and sing old songs. We all wear very beautiful hanfu at the party. Now many people love hanfu. It is relaxing for us to wear hanfu. All people in our club are interested in Chinese culture. We want more people to love hanfu and Chinese culture. 1．Which subject does the writer like best? A．History. B．Chinese. C．Geography. D．Art. 2．What is the meaning of underlined (划线的) word “discussion” in paragraph (段落) 2? A．裁剪 B．演戏 C．讨论 D．剪辑 3．At the festival, hanfu lovers________. A．wear hanfu to go out B．have a party C．go to the club D．dance and sing old songs 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title (标题) for the text? A．My favorite club—Hanfu Club. B．My favorite subject. C．To help students to learn Chinese. D．How to join the Hanfu Club. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者最喜欢的学校社团——汉服社，以及社团的活动安排和作者对汉服及中国文化的热爱。 【详解】1．文章第2段“At school, my favorite subject is Chinese.”表明作者最喜欢语文。 2．文章第2段“First, we have a discussion every Tuesday afternoon. We talk about the hanfu in TV plays.”表明我们每周二下午进行一次……，谈论电视剧中的汉服，discussion指的是大家一起交谈、探讨，即“讨论”。 3．文章第3段“On this big day, we wear hanfu to the streets, stores and parks.”表明在节日当天，汉服爱好者会穿汉服外出。 4．通读全文，第①段总起，点明作者最爱汉服社。第②③段介绍社团各类活动，第④段升华主旨，属于总分总结构，对应结构图D。 5．全文围绕汉服社展开，重点描述社团活动及文化意义，A选项契合全文主旨。 九．写作 2．你们学校的英语校报新开设了一个名叫Friends的专栏，面向全校学生征稿。你觉得你的好朋友李华各方面都非常优秀，打算写一篇介绍他的文章给校报投稿。以下是你做好的关于李华的思维导图，请根据导图要点完成你的英语文章。 Basic information Li Hua 12 years old Li Hua Appearance of medium height short straight hair … Personal qualities hard-working … (自行补充一点并举例详细介绍) Hobbies… 写作要求： 1. 词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内，要根据要点提示适当发挥； 2. 书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等真实信息，否则不予评分。 Li Hua is my best friend. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Li Hua is my best friend. He is 12 years old. Li Hua is of medium height. He has short straight hair and big brown eyes. I think he is handsome. He is good at playing badminton and swimming. We often play badminton together after school. Li Hua is hard-working and helpful. He works hard in every subject. He never gives up when he meets a difficult problem. He spends a lot of time in working out the problems. That’s why he is good at every subject. When I have difficulty in learning, he is always willing to help me. With his help, I can do better in my study. It is wonderful to have such a good friend. 【详解】一、审题立意 确定文体：人物介绍文/记叙文，以一般现在时为主。 内容要点：根据思维导图，必须包含三个核心部分——基本信息；外貌）；个人品质（勤奋……自行补充一点并举例）；爱好。 确定人称：第一人称（I, my, we），第三人称（he, his）。 注意事项：未出现真实姓名（李华为化名）和学校名称，符合要求。 二、构思布局 三段式结构： 开头段：总起，介绍朋友的基本信息和外貌。 主体段：介绍爱好。介绍品质——勤奋和乐于助人。 结尾段：表达感受。 三、要点对照 要点一：基本信息 He is 12 years old 要点二：外貌 of medium height. He has short straight hair and big brown eyes 要点三：爱好 good at playing badminton and swimming 拓展： In his free time, he enjoys playing the piano. 要点四：品质 hard-working; works hard; never gives up; helpful; When I have difficulty, he is always willing to help me 拓展： He is kind and always ready to share things with others. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $