Unit2第一课时课后分层作业+知识清单（湖北专用）2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“分层递进”为核心，通过“词汇-句型-语篇”三级进阶设计，覆盖单元核心知识，兼顾语言能力夯实与文化意识、思维品质培养，适配新授课基础巩固与能力提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识累积|核心词汇（如physicist、pioneer）|通过首字母填空、语境选词强化词汇记忆，夯实语言能力基础| |句型及短语聚焦|单元核心句型（如make discoveries、drop out of school）|中英互译巩固句型结构，提升语言组织与表达能力| |应用素养提升|语篇理解与综合应用|以李娜、爱迪生等人物传记为载体，通过阅读填空、任务型阅读整合知识，培养文化意识与思维品质|

Unit2 Inspiring people Section A Who do we admire? 第一课时 (Section A 1a-2d) 分层作业(原卷版） 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Marie Curie was among the greatest p________ (物理学家) in the world. 2.Driven by h____ (饥饿), Peter had two bowls of Xiangyang beef noodles for lunch. 3.The young man wants to be a s________ (士兵) and protect our country. 4. Teachers s________ (传播) knowledge in class. 5.Yuan Longping was a _____ (先驱) who made great achievements in rice research. 6..Heart trouble is a dangerous ________ (疾病). 7.The ________ (受伤的) man could not walk by himself. 8.According to the lunar ________ (日历), it is the Dragon Boat Festival today. 9.We can learn a lot about nature from ________ (化学). 10.Li Haichao is a young ________ (研究人员) from Sichuan University. 11.We ________ (钦佩) Li Bai not only for his poems but also for his spirit. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 history admire wound British airway inspire nation century discover 1. Marie Curie was a truly ____ woman. Her story encourages girls to study science. 2. Calligraphy and Peking Opera are parts of Chinese _____ culture. 3. The old building has stood here for over three _____. 4.The _____ of the Terracotta Army surprised the whole world. 5.We have learned a lot from the life of ______Sima Qian. 6.Their _______ teamwork helped them win the game. 7.The _______ connects China with many Asian countries. 8. B_____ people often eat cakes, cookies and a few sandwiches at teatime. 9.Let’s take the _______dog to the animal hospital right now. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 玛丽·居里在物理学和化学方面做出了许多重要发现，并获得了两项诺贝尔奖。    Marie Curie made many important ____ in physics and chemistry, and ___ two Nobel Prizes. 2.司马迁是《史记》的作者，并参与了当时中国历法的修订。 Sima Qian was the ________ of the book Shiji and took part in revising the Chinese ________. 3. 迈克尔·法拉第早年辍学，但他继续学习，成为了一名伟大的科学家。 Michael Faraday ________ ________ of school at an early age, but he ________ to study and became a great scientist. 4.袁隆平开发了一种新的水稻，帮助解决了饥饿问题。    Yuan Longping _____ a new kind of rice and _____ _____ hunger problem. 5.我们要做一项家庭成员问卷调查，主题是大家最敬佩的人。 We need to _____ ___ ___ of our family members about their most admired people.. 6.艾伦·图灵是计算机科学的先驱。他设计了一个测试来检验计算机是否能像人一样思考。    Alan Turing was a ________ of computer ________. He ________ a test to see if a computer could think like a person. 7伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔建造了英国第一条铁路，并帮助英国发展成为现代化国家。 Isambard Brunel built the first British ___ and helped the UK ___ __ a modern nation. 8. 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔自愿做护士帮助受伤的士兵。 Florence Nightingale ________ as a nurse to help the ________ soldiers. 9.艾萨克·牛顿在物理学方面做出了重要发现。 Isaac Newton ________ important ________ in physics. 10. 他虽然没接受过正规教育，却在物理、化学领域开展科学研究，太令人惊叹了。 It ___ ___ ___ he did scientific research in physics and chemistry _____ _____ he didn’t receive a formal education. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 discovery of wound pioneer chemistry history research though admire hungry When we talk about the people who light up the world with their efforts, many great figures come to our minds. Different people hold different opinions on who is worth respecting, and each role model carries touching stories behind their achievements. A well-known writer and __1___ Sima Qian spent years sorting out ancient records. As a careful __2___, he devoted all his life to completing Shiji, even __3__ he suffered great pain in his life. He never gave up his writing tasks and kept checking the old calendar day after day, which makes him truly __4___ in Chinese history. Yuan Longping chose farming research as his lifelong career. He created new rice types to fight global _5___ and trained crowds of young people to master modern planting skills. His valuable __6__ in agriculture saved countless people from starvation across poor areas. Michael Faraday loved science deeply. He dropped out __7__ school at a young age, yet he never stopped reading and studying by himself. He made amazing breakthroughs in physics and __8__, becoming a ___9__ of modern electromagnetic research. Florence Nightingale is another person we look up to. She volunteered to take care of ___10___ soldiers during wars and built clean hospitals. Her work helped cut down the spread of terrible diseases and created modern nursing systems. All these people stick to their dreams regardless of difficulties, so they are the heroes we always admire. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 . . At the age of 14, Li Na fell in love with tennis. But her road to success was not smooth at all. In 2002, she had to stop playing because of a serious injury in her knee. Many people thought she would never come back to the court again. However, Li Na didn’t give up. She spent two years receiving medical treatment and training patiently. In 2004, she returned and worked even harder than before. She practised from early morning till late evening every day. Her efforts finally paid off. In 2011, she won the French Open, becoming the first Asian player to win a Grand Slam singles title. In 2014, she won the Australian Open and reached the second place in the world ranking. Li Na retired in 2014 because of her knee problem, but she has never left tennis. She has been helping young players and building tennis schools for children in China. “Life may hit you hard sometimes, but never lose heart,” Li Na once said. “Every fall teaches you something and makes you stronger. Just keep going and you will find your way.” 1. Why did Li Na stop playing tennis in 2002? A．She lost interest in tennis B．She had a serious knee injury C．She wanted to study abroad D．Her family asked her to stop 2. How long did Li Na spend on treatment and training before her return? A．About one year B．About two years C．About three years D．About four years 3. What made Li Na special in tennis history? A．She was the youngest tennis player in China B．She won all the tennis matches in her career C．She was the first Asian to win a Grand Slam singles title D．She never lost a match after returning from injury 4. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．付清工资 B．得到回报 C．花费巨大 D．宣告失败 5. What can we learn from Li Na’s story? A．Tennis is an easy sport to learn B．Injuries are common in sports C．Never give up when facing difficulties D．It’s important to retire at the right time 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Thomas Edison is one of the most famous inventors in history.     1     He was not a good student at school, and his teacher once said he was “too stupid to learn anything.” However, his mother believed in him and taught him at home. Edison’s curiosity was endless.     2     He once said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His most famous invention was the electric light bulb, which changed the world forever. For Edison, hard work was more important than talent.     3     He often worked for hours without rest. It was common for him to sleep only a few hours a night. It was his persistence that led to his success. Edison also believed in teamwork.     4     He had a team of talented assistants at his laboratory in Menlo Park. Together, they created many inventions that improved people’s lives. It is true that Edison’s inventions have made our lives much easier.     5     “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” he said. His words continue to inspire people to work hard and never give up. A．He tried thousands of times before he succeeded. B．He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas. C．He was born in 1847 in the United States. D．He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic. E．He was often seen as a failure in his early years. F．He was known for his incredible patience and determination. 思维创新 任务型阅读。 A Great Physicist — Yang Zhenning Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, passed away on October 18,2025, in Beijing at the age of 103.His life was filled with great scientific achievements and deep love for his motherland. Born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922, Yang developed a strong interest in science at an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during the war and later went to the United States for further education. In 1948, he got his doctorate (博士学位) from the University of Chicago and began his successful study and work. Yang did a lot for physics. In 1954, he came up with the“Yang-Mills Gauge theory (理论)” with Mills, which became one of the bases (基础) of modern physics. Together with Li Zhengdao, he put forward the theory of “ parity non-conservation in weak interactions” in 1956, an important thought that changed people’s understanding of the world. For this achievement, they won the Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖) in Physics in 1957,becoming the first Chinese scientist to get the prize. He also discovered the" Yang-Baxter Equation", opening up new research directions in physics and maths. Though living abroad for many years, Yang always cared about China. In 1971, he returned to China, building a bridge for academic exchange (学术交流) between China and the world. Later, as a teacher at Tsinghua University, he worked hard at training young scientists. He raised money, introduced top scientists, and gave away many books and materials to support China’s scientific and educational development. Yang Zhenning’s life was a great story of looking into the unknown and loving his country. His spirit of searching for truth and serving the motherland will always encourage us. 1. Yang Zhenning’s life was full of great scientific     1     and deep love for China. (仅填1词) 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. A Famous Scientist — Yang Zhenning Achievement ·In 1948 , he got his doctorate from the University of Chicago. ·In 1954, he     2     the “Yang-Mills Gauge theory.(不超过5词) ·In 1956, he put forward the theory of “parity non-conservation in weak interactions”. ·In 1957, he became     3     to get the Nobel Prize.(不超过5词) Support ·Raising money. ·Introducing top scientists. ·    4    and materials to support China’s scientific and educational development. (不超过5 词) 5. What do you think of Yang Zhenning? And why? (不超过20词)     5     学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 Inspiring people Section A Who do we admire? 第一课时(SectionA1a-2d)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 / 拓展 inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 inspire (v. 激励，鼓舞)；inspiration (n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人) admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 钦佩；赞赏 admiration (n. 钦佩，赞美)；admirable (adj. 令人敬佩的) historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/ n. 历史学家 history (n. 历史)；historical (adj. 历史的) researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ n. 研究人员 research (v./n. 研究，调研) chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 化学家 chemistry (n. 化学)；chemical (adj. 化学的 n. 化学品) physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/ n. 物理学家 physics (n. 物理)；physical (adj. 物理的，身体的) hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə(r)/ n. 饥饿 hungry (adj. 饥饿的)；hungrily (adv. 饥饿地) chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学 chemist (n. 化学家)；chemical (adj. 化学的) calendar /ˈkælɪndə(r)/ n. 日历 lunar calendar 农历；solar calendar 公历 discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现 discover (v. 发现)；discoverer (n. 发现者) century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪 centuries (pl.)；the 19th century 19 世纪 wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 wound (n. 伤口 v. 使受伤)；the wounded 伤员 soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵 soldierly (adj. 英勇的，军人般的) British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj./n. 英国的；英国人 Britain (n. 英国)；Briton (n. 英国人) airway /ˈeəweɪ/ n.(飞机的) 航线；航路 air (n. 空气)；airport (n. 机场) nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家；民族 national (adj. 国家的，民族的)；nationality (n. 国籍) spread /spred/ v./n. 传播；散布 过去式 / 过去分词 spread；spread out 扩散 disease /dɪˈziːz/ n. 疾病 illness (近义词 n. 疾病)；prevent disease 预防疾病 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 engineering (n. 工程学) nursing /ˈnɜːsɪŋ/ n. 护理工作 nurse (n. 护士 v. 护理) pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ n. 先驱，开拓者 pioneer of …… 领域的先驱 2、 重点短语（必背） 1.drop out (of sth) 辍学；不再参加 2.a new kind of rice 一种新型水稻 3.help stop hunger 缓解饥饿 4.train sb. to do farming 培训某人耕作 5.make important discoveries 取得重大发现 6.at an early age 在年少时 7.the author of …… …… 的作者 8.work hard in doing sth 致力于做某事 9.Nobel Prizes 诺贝尔奖 10.19th century 十九世纪 11.wounded soldiers 受伤士兵 12.British railways 英国铁路 13.develop into a modern nation 发展为现代化国家 14.modern nursing 现代护理 15.stop the spread of diseases 阻止疾病传播 16.pioneer of computer science 计算机科学先驱 17.fields of work 工作领域 18.admire sb. 钦佩某人 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1.单元核心提问句型：询问钦佩的人 Who do you admire? 你钦佩谁？ 拓展：Who is the person you admire most? 你最敬佩的人是谁？ 2.介绍人物身份与职业 Sima Qian was a famous historian and writer. 司马迁是著名的历史学家、文学家。 Marie Curie was a scientist, chemist and physicist. 居里夫人是科学家、化学家兼物理学家。 3.描述人物贡献（一般过去时） He developed a new kind of rice and helped stop hunger worldwide. 他培育了新型水稻，帮助全世界缓解饥饿。 She made many important discoveries in physics and chemistry. 她在物理和化学领域取得许多重大发现。 4.让步状语句型：although 引导 He did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive much school education. 尽管他没接受多少学校教育，但他仍坚持物理与化学研究。 5.描述人物早年经历 He dropped out of school at an early age, but he kept reading to study by himself. 他年少辍学，但坚持自学。 6.谈论人物令人敬佩的原因（2d 对话核心句型） I think Tu Youyou is inspiring because she saved millions of people with medical discoveries. 我认为屠呦呦很鼓舞人心，因为她依靠医学发现拯救了数百万人。 It is great of Zheng He to make great sea travel achievements. 郑和取得伟大航海成就，实在了不起。 7.听力问答句型：询问家人敬佩的人物 —Who does your dad admire? 你爸爸敬佩谁？ —He admires Isaac Newton for his physics discoveries. 他敬佩牛顿，因为他的物理学发现。 四、核心语法点：一般过去时描述人物生平与成就 用法说明 本单元全部伟人成就、生平经历均使用一般过去时，描述过去人一生发生的动作、创造的成就。 规则动词：develop → developed；discover → discovered；train → trained 不规则动词：drop → dropped；spread → spread；make → made；build → built 句式结构 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes. 居里夫人获得了两项诺贝尔奖。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 He didn’t finish school when he was young. 他年少时没有完成学业。 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? Did Yuan Longping help solve hunger problems? 袁隆平是否帮助解决了饥饿问题？ 补充拓展：复合不定代词、人物评价形容词 评价伟人形容词：inspiring, admirable, great, amazing, hard-working, famous 自我检测小练习 一、词性转换填空 1.inspire → ________ (adj. 鼓舞人心的)；________ (n. 鼓舞人心的人) 2.history → ________ (n. 历史学家) 3.discover → ________ (n. 发现) 4.hunger → ________ (adj. 饥饿的) 5.physics → ________ (n. 物理学家) 6.wound → ________ (adj. 受伤的) 7.nation → ________ (adj. 国家的，民族的) 8.admire → ________ (adj. 令人敬佩的) 二、短语汉译英 1.辍学 ________________ 2.缓解饥饿 ________________ 3.取得重大发现 ________________ 4.在年少时 ________________ 5.阻止疾病传播 ________________ 6.…… 领域的先驱 ________________ 7.十九世纪 ________________ 8.诺贝尔奖 ________________ 三、根据提示完成句型填空 1.Yuan Longping ________ (培育) hybrid rice and ________ (帮助停止) hunger around the world. 2.Faraday did great science research ________ (尽管) he dropped out of school young. 3.I admire Sima Qian because he was the writer of Shiji and ________ (致力于修订) the old calendar. 4.—Who does your mum admire? —She admires Florence Nightingale. She ________ (开创) modern nursing to help wounded soldiers. 5.I think Tu Youyou is inspiring ________ (因为) her great medical discoveries. 答案： 一、词性转换 1.inspiring；inspiration 2.historian 3.discovery 4.hungry 5.physicist 6.wounded 7.national 8.admirable 二、短语汉译英 1.drop out (of school) 2.help stop hunger 3.make important discoveries 4.at an early age 5.stop the spread of diseases 6.pioneer of … 7.the 19th century 8.Nobel Prizes 三、句型填空 1.developed; helped stop 2.even though 3.worked hard in reviewing 4.created 5.because of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 Inspiring people Section A Who do we admire? 第一课时 (Section A 1a-2d) 分层作业(解析版） 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Marie Curie was among the greatest p________ (物理学家) in the world. 2.Driven by h____ (饥饿), Peter had two bowls of Xiangyang beef noodles for lunch. 3.The young man wants to be a s________ (士兵) and protect our country. 4. Teachers s________ (传播) knowledge in class. 5.Yuan Longping was a _____ (先驱) who made great achievements in rice research. 6..Heart trouble is a dangerous ________ (疾病). 7.The ________ (受伤的) man could not walk by himself. 8.According to the lunar ________ (日历), it is the Dragon Boat Festival today. 9.We can learn a lot about nature from ________ (化学). 10.Li Haichao is a young ________ (研究人员) from Sichuan University. 11.We ________ (钦佩) Li Bai not only for his poems but also for his spirit. 答案：1.physicist 2.hunger 3.soldier 4.spread 5.pioneer 6.disease 7.wounded 8.calendar 9.chemistry 10.researcher 11.admire 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 history admire wound British airway inspire nation century discover 1. Marie Curie was a truly ____ woman. Her story encourages girls to study science. 2. Calligraphy and Peking Opera are parts of Chinese _____ culture. 3. The old building has stood here for over three _____. 4.The _____ of the Terracotta Army surprised the whole world. 5.We have learned a lot from the life of ______Sima Qian. 6.Their _______ teamwork helped them win the game. 7.The _______ connects China with many Asian countries. 8. B_____ people often eat cakes, cookies and a few sandwiches at teatime. 9.Let’s take the _______dog to the animal hospital right now. 答案：1. inspiring 2. national 3. centuries 4. discovery 5. historian 6.admirable 7.airway 8.British 9.wounded 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 玛丽·居里在物理学和化学方面做出了许多重要发现，并获得了两项诺贝尔奖。    Marie Curie made many important ____ in physics and chemistry, and ___ two Nobel Prizes. 2.司马迁是《史记》的作者，并参与了当时中国历法的修订。 Sima Qian was the ________ of the book Shiji and took part in revising the Chinese ________. 3. 迈克尔·法拉第早年辍学，但他继续学习，成为了一名伟大的科学家。 Michael Faraday ________ ________ of school at an early age, but he ________ to study and became a great scientist. 4.袁隆平开发了一种新的水稻，帮助解决了饥饿问题。    Yuan Longping _____ a new kind of rice and _____ _____ hunger problem. 5.我们要做一项家庭成员问卷调查，主题是大家最敬佩的人。 We need to _____ ___ ___ of our family members about their most admired people.. 6.艾伦·图灵是计算机科学的先驱。他设计了一个测试来检验计算机是否能像人一样思考。    Alan Turing was a ________ of computer ________. He ________ a test to see if a computer could think like a person. 7伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔建造了英国第一条铁路，并帮助英国发展成为现代化国家。 Isambard Brunel built the first British ___ and helped the UK ___ __ a modern nation. 8. 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔自愿做护士帮助受伤的士兵。 Florence Nightingale ________ as a nurse to help the ________ soldiers. 9.艾萨克·牛顿在物理学方面做出了重要发现。 Isaac Newton ________ important ________ in physics. 10. 他虽然没接受过正规教育，却在物理、化学领域开展科学研究，太令人惊叹了。 It ___ ___ ___ he did scientific research in physics and chemistry _____ _____ he didn’t receive a formal education. 答案：1.discoveries;won 2.author/writer; calendar 3. dropped out; continued 4.developed; helped solve 5.do a survey 6.pioneer science designed 7.railway;develop into 8.volunteered wounded 9.made discoveries 10.was amazing that; even though 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 discovery of wound pioneer chemistry history research though admire hungry When we talk about the people who light up the world with their efforts, many great figures come to our minds. Different people hold different opinions on who is worth respecting, and each role model carries touching stories behind their achievements. A well-known writer and __1___ Sima Qian spent years sorting out ancient records. As a careful __2___, he devoted all his life to completing Shiji, even __3__ he suffered great pain in his life. He never gave up his writing tasks and kept checking the old calendar day after day, which makes him truly __4___ in Chinese history. Yuan Longping chose farming research as his lifelong career. He created new rice types to fight global _5___ and trained crowds of young people to master modern planting skills. His valuable __6__ in agriculture saved countless people from starvation across poor areas. Michael Faraday loved science deeply. He dropped out __7__ school at a young age, yet he never stopped reading and studying by himself. He made amazing breakthroughs in physics and __8__, becoming a ___9__ of modern electromagnetic research. Florence Nightingale is another person we look up to. She volunteered to take care of ___10___ soldiers during wars and built clean hospitals. Her work helped cut down the spread of terrible diseases and created modern nursing systems. All these people stick to their dreams regardless of difficulties, so they are the heroes we always admire. 【答案】1. historian 2.researcher 3.though 4.admirable 5.hunger 6.discoveries 7.of 8.chemistry 9.pioneer 10.wounded 【导语】本文是一篇人物记叙文，围绕主题 Who do we admire 展开，分别介绍司马迁、袁隆平、法拉第、南丁格尔四位中外伟人的生平贡献，展现他们不畏苦难、坚守理想的可贵品质，诠释值得我们敬佩的榜样人物。 【小题 1】句意：著名文学家兼历史学家司马迁耗费数年整理古籍史料。 前文人名 Sima Qian 是史学家，给定词汇 history 对应职业名词 historian，意为 “历史学家”，and 并列两个身份 writer 和 historian。故填 historian。 【小题 2】句意：作为一名严谨的研究人员，他倾尽一生完成《史记》。 research 为动词 “研究”，此处需要指人的名词作表语，researcher 意为 “研究人员”，符合司马迁编撰史书、考据史料的人物背景。故填 researcher。 【小题 3】句意：尽管一生历经磨难，他也从未停下写作。 固定连词搭配 even though，意为 “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，题干给出简化形式 though。故填 though。 【小题 4】句意：这份坚持让他在中国历史上实在令人敬佩。 本句使用固定结构 make sb. + 形容词，意为 “使某人……”，空格处在 makes him 后作宾语补足语；admire 是动词 “敬佩”，其形容词形式 admirable 表示 “令人敬佩的”，符合句子结构与语义。故填 admirable。 【小题 5】句意：他培育新型水稻品种，致力于对抗全球饥饿问题。 hungry 是形容词 “饥饿的”，此处动词 fight 后需要名词作宾语，hunger 为不可数名词，意为 “饥饿”，global hunger 表示 “全球饥荒”。故填 hunger。 【小题 6】句意：他在农业领域宝贵的发现拯救了贫困地区无数饥民。 discovery 为可数名词 “发现”，前文讲述多项水稻科研成果，用复数形式 discoveries 表多项科研发现。故填 discoveries。 【小题 7】句意：他年少时辍学，却从未停止自学阅读。 固定短语 drop out of school，固定介词搭配 of，表示 “从（学校）辍学”。故填 of。 【小题 8】句意：他在物理与化学领域取得惊人突破，成为现代电磁研究的先驱。 chemistry 是名词 “化学”，和并列名词 physics（物理）对应，指代法拉第跨学科的科学研究。故填 chemistry。 【小题 9】句意：他在物理与化学领域取得惊人突破，成为现代电磁研究的先驱。 pioneer 作名词表示 “先驱、开拓者”，a pioneer of... 是固定搭配，意为 “…… 领域的先驱”。故填 pioneer。 【小题 10】句意：战争期间，她自愿照料受伤的士兵，并建立洁净医院。 wound 可作名词 / 动词，此处需要形容词修饰名词 soldiers，wounded 意为 “负伤的、受伤的”，wounded soldiers 固定表达 “伤员”。故填 wounded。 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 . . At the age of 14, Li Na fell in love with tennis. But her road to success was not smooth at all. In 2002, she had to stop playing because of a serious injury in her knee. Many people thought she would never come back to the court again. However, Li Na didn’t give up. She spent two years receiving medical treatment and training patiently. In 2004, she returned and worked even harder than before. She practised from early morning till late evening every day. Her efforts finally paid off. In 2011, she won the French Open, becoming the first Asian player to win a Grand Slam singles title. In 2014, she won the Australian Open and reached the second place in the world ranking. Li Na retired in 2014 because of her knee problem, but she has never left tennis. She has been helping young players and building tennis schools for children in China. “Life may hit you hard sometimes, but never lose heart,” Li Na once said. “Every fall teaches you something and makes you stronger. Just keep going and you will find your way.” 1. Why did Li Na stop playing tennis in 2002? A．She lost interest in tennis B．She had a serious knee injury C．She wanted to study abroad D．Her family asked her to stop 2. How long did Li Na spend on treatment and training before her return? A．About one year B．About two years C．About three years D．About four years 3. What made Li Na special in tennis history? A．She was the youngest tennis player in China B．She won all the tennis matches in her career C．She was the first Asian to win a Grand Slam singles title D．She never lost a match after returning from injury 4. What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．付清工资 B．得到回报 C．花费巨大 D．宣告失败 5. What can we learn from Li Na’s story? A．Tennis is an easy sport to learn B．Injuries are common in sports C．Never give up when facing difficulties D．It’s important to retire at the right time 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】B【小题 3】C【小题 4】B【小题 5】C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述李娜历经伤病却坚持不懈，最终取得辉煌成就的故事，告诉我们面对困难不要放弃。 【详解】【小题 1】根据第一段 “In 2002, she had to stop playing because of a serious injury in her knee.”（2002 年，她因为膝盖严重受伤不得不停止打球）可知，停止打球的原因是膝盖受伤。 【小题 2】根据第二段 “She spent two years receiving medical treatment and training patiently.”（她花了两年时间接受治疗和耐心训练）可知，治疗和训练的时间约为两年。 【小题 3】根据第三段 “…becoming the first Asian player to win a Grand Slam singles title.” 可知，这是她在网球历史上特别的地方。 【小题 4】根据第三段上下文，前文提到她刻苦训练，后文提到她赢得了法网冠军，说明她的努力取得了成功。“pay off” 在此处意为 “得到回报、取得成功”。 【小题 5】全文讲述了李娜面对伤病不放弃，最终取得辉煌成就的故事，且最后一段引用她的话 “never lose heart...Just keep going”，旨在传达面对困难永不放弃的精神。 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Thomas Edison is one of the most famous inventors in history.     1     He was not a good student at school, and his teacher once said he was “too stupid to learn anything.” However, his mother believed in him and taught him at home. Edison’s curiosity was endless.     2     He once said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His most famous invention was the electric light bulb, which changed the world forever. For Edison, hard work was more important than talent.     3     He often worked for hours without rest. It was common for him to sleep only a few hours a night. It was his persistence that led to his success. Edison also believed in teamwork.     4     He had a team of talented assistants at his laboratory in Menlo Park. Together, they created many inventions that improved people’s lives. It is true that Edison’s inventions have made our lives much easier.     5     “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” he said. His words continue to inspire people to work hard and never give up. A．He tried thousands of times before he succeeded. B．He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas. C．He was born in 1847 in the United States. D．He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic. E．He was often seen as a failure in his early years. F．He was known for his incredible patience and determination. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】A【小题 3】F【小题 4】B【小题 5】D 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名发明家托马斯・爱迪生的生平事迹。文章通过讲述他早年的经历、面对失败的态度、勤奋工作的精神以及团队合作的重要性，展现了他成功背后的品质，并引用他的名言激励人们努力工作、永不放弃。 【详解】【小题 1】根据前文 “Thomas Edison is one of the most famous inventors in history.” 可知，文章开头在介绍人物背景。后文紧接着提到他在学校表现不好。C 选项 “He was born in 1847 in the United States.” 是对人物基本信息的补充，符合传记类文章开篇介绍人物出生背景的常规逻辑，起到了承上启下的作用。 【小题 2】根据前文 “Edison’s curiosity was endless.” 以及后文引用的名言 “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” 可知，这里强调的是他在探索过程中的坚持和尝试。A 选项 “He tried thousands of times before he succeeded.” 与后文的 “10,000 ways” 形成呼应，体现了他为了保持好奇心和寻找真理而进行的无数次实验。 【小题 3】本段的主题是 “For Edison, hard work was more important than talent.” 空格后提到 “He often worked for hours without rest.” 这说明他非常有毅力和决心。F 选项 “He was known for his incredible patience and determination.” 既概括了本段关于努力工作的主题，又引出了后文具体的行为描述。 【小题 4】本段首句是 “Edison also believed in teamwork.” 空格后提到 “He had a team of talented assistants...”。B 选项 “He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas.” 紧扣 “teamwork” 这一关键词，且与后文提到的拥有助手团队并在门洛帕克实验室共同创造发明的内容逻辑一致。 【小题 5】文章最后一段总结爱迪生的成就和精神。前文提到他的发明让生活更轻松，后文引用了他的名言 “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”。D 选项 “He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic.” 这句话是对全文的升华总结，既呼应了前文的 “inventions”，又引出了后文关于 “perspiration” 的名言。 思维创新 任务型阅读。 A Great Physicist — Yang Zhenning Yang Zhenning, a world-famous physicist, passed away on October 18,2025, in Beijing at the age of 103.His life was filled with great scientific achievements and deep love for his motherland. Born in Hefei, Anhui Province in 1922, Yang developed a strong interest in science at an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during the war and later went to the United States for further education. In 1948, he got his doctorate (博士学位) from the University of Chicago and began his successful study and work. Yang did a lot for physics. In 1954, he came up with the“Yang-Mills Gauge theory (理论)” with Mills, which became one of the bases (基础) of modern physics. Together with Li Zhengdao, he put forward the theory of “ parity non-conservation in weak interactions” in 1956, an important thought that changed people’s understanding of the world. For this achievement, they won the Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖) in Physics in 1957,becoming the first Chinese scientist to get the prize. He also discovered the" Yang-Baxter Equation", opening up new research directions in physics and maths. Though living abroad for many years, Yang always cared about China. In 1971, he returned to China, building a bridge for academic exchange (学术交流) between China and the world. Later, as a teacher at Tsinghua University, he worked hard at training young scientists. He raised money, introduced top scientists, and gave away many books and materials to support China’s scientific and educational development. Yang Zhenning’s life was a great story of looking into the unknown and loving his country. His spirit of searching for truth and serving the motherland will always encourage us. 1. Yang Zhenning’s life was full of great scientific     1     and deep love for China. (仅填1词) 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. A Famous Scientist — Yang Zhenning Achievement ·In 1948 , he got his doctorate from the University of Chicago. ·In 1954, he     2     the “Yang-Mills Gauge theory.(不超过5词) ·In 1956, he put forward the theory of “parity non-conservation in weak interactions”. ·In 1957, he became     3     to get the Nobel Prize.(不超过5词) Support ·Raising money. ·Introducing top scientists. ·    4    and materials to support China’s scientific and educational development. (不超过5 词) 5. What do you think of Yang Zhenning? And why? (不超过20词)     5     【答案】【小题 1】achievements【小题 2】came up with【小题 3】the first Chinese (scientist/person)【小题 4】Giving away many books【小题 5】I think he is excellent because he achieved a lot in Physics. 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文，主要讲述了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平经历、卓越的科学成就以及对祖国教育和科学发展的无私奉献。 【详解】【小题 1】根据文章第 1 段 “His life was filled with great scientific achievements and deep love for his motherland.” 可知，杨振宁的一生充满了科学成就，此处需填名词复数。故填 achievements。 【小题 2】根据文章第 3 段 “In 1954, he came up with the "Yang-Mills Gauge theory..." ” 可知，此处描述他提出理论的动作，且词数不超过 5 词。故填 came up with。 【小题 3】根据文章第 3 段 “…becoming the first Chinese scientist to get the prize.” 可知，他是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国科学家，需注意词数限制，语义、词数符合要求均可。故填 the first Chinese (scientist/person)。 【小题 4】根据文章第 4 段 ‘"...gave away many books and materials to support China’s scientific and educational development."’ 可知，他捐赠了大量书籍；为了与表格中前两项 “Raising...” , “Introducing...” 的动名词结构保持一致，此处应填捐赠书籍的动名词短语。故填 Giving away many books。 【小题 5】根据文章最后一段 “His spirit of searching for truth and serving the motherland will always encourage us.” 可知，杨振宁伟大且爱国，结合其成就作答，词数不超过 20 词。故填 I think he is excellent because he achieved a lot in Physics. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $