Unit 1 Section B Section B 2a-2c 课后分层作业+知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从词汇句型到语篇应用梯度递进，适配新授课知识巩固与能力提升，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识累积词汇夯基|词汇拼写与运用|首字母/提示写词、选词填空，夯实单元核心词汇| |句型及短语聚焦|句型结构与固定搭配|汉译英补全句子，强化“动词短语+句式结构”应用| |应用素养提升|语篇综合应用|完形填空（词汇语法语篇结合）、阅读理解（细节与推理），提升语篇理解能力| |思维创新|信息提取与表达|任务型阅读（问题简答、表格填空），培养分析与实际应用思维|

Unit2 The Changing World Section B How do changes influence us? 第五课时(Section B Vocabulary in Use 2a-2c)知识清单 一、重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的 narrowly adv. 狭窄地；勉强地 villager /ˈvɪlɪdʒə(r)/ n. 村民 village n. 村庄 Olympics /əˈlɪmpɪks/ n. 奥林匹克运动会 Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的 lead /liːd/ v. (led, led) 带领；过（某种生活） leader n. 领导者；leadership n. 领导 man-made /ˌmænˈmeɪd/ adj. 人造的；非天然的 man-made forest 人造林 miracle /ˈmɪrəkl/ n. 奇迹 miraculous adj. 奇迹般的 wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽阔的 widely adv. 广泛地；widen v. 拓宽 bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. 桥 — capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都；首府 capital city 首都城市 corn /kɔːn/ n. 玉米；谷物 — product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品；产物 produce v. 生产；production n. 产量 government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府 govern v. 统治；管理 bush /bʊʃ/ n. 灌木；灌木丛 bushes (复数) sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/ n. 沙尘暴 sand n. 沙子；storm n. 暴风雨 sandy /ˈsændi/ adj. 沙地的；多沙的 sand n. 沙子 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤 — result /rɪˈzʌlt/ n. 结果；成果 result v. 导致 二、重点短语（必背） 复合词类（2a 构词练习） 1.greenhouse 温室 2.sandstorm 沙尘暴 3.highroad 公路 4.farmland 农田 5.railway 铁路 名词搭配（2b 填空原文） 6.wide roads 宽阔的道路 7.cross the river 过河 8.host the Olympics 举办奥运会 9.digital product 数字产品 10.physical form 实体形态 课文核心短语（2c 塞罕坝阅读） 11.sandy lands 沙地 12.hold the soil 固住土壤 13.below freezing 零度以下 14.with support from the government 在政府的支持下 15.lead a group of people 带领一群人 16.be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 17.man-made forest 人造森林 18.green miracle 绿色奇迹 19.the result of hard work 努力付出的成果 20.cover with green trees 绿树覆盖 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1对比道路今昔变化 The road used to be narrow and dirty. Now, it is wide and clean. 这条路过去又窄又脏，现在宽阔又干净。 2.描述桥梁带来的便利 The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city. 这座桥方便村民过河进城。 3.介绍首都与国际赛事 Beijing, China’s capital, hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics. 中国首都北京举办了 2008 年夏季奥运会和 2022 年冬季奥运会。 4.介绍数字产品定义 A digital product is something you sell online and doesn’t have a physical form. 数字产品是线上售卖、无实体形态的商品。 5.描述塞罕坝过去恶劣环境 There were few trees to hold the soil together, and there were often sandstorms. 过去几乎没有树木固土，沙尘暴频发。 6.表达政府扶持建设 With support from the government, people led a group to improve the environment. 在政府扶持下，人们组队改善生态环境。 7.介绍塞罕坝如今的成就 Today, Saihanba is known as “the green miracle”. This is the result of hard work and people working together. 如今塞罕坝被誉为 “绿色奇迹”，这是齐心协力、艰苦奋斗的成果。 语法点拨（合成词构词法） 1.合成名词结构：名词 + 名词 green + house = greenhouse；sand + storm = sandstorm；rail + road = railway 2.合成形容词：man + made = man-made（人造的） 3.it 作形式宾语 make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事变得…… 例：The bridge made it convenient for villagers to cross the river. 自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及提示写单词（10 空） 1.The old roads were n______, but now they become wide. 2.Every v______ in the village is proud of the great changes here. 3.Beijing, the c______ of China, hosted two Olympic Games. 4.The b______ over the river connects the two villages. 5.Chickens feed on c______ and vegetables. 6.This digital p______ sells well on the Internet. 7.The ______ (政府) helps people turn sandy lands into forests. 8.Strong ______ (沙尘暴) used to hit Saihanba every spring. 9.Plants’ roots can hold the ______ (土壤) well. 10.Saihanba is called a green ______ (奇迹) in China. 二、短语填空（方框短语，每词限一次） wide roads, cross the river, with support from the government, lead a group, green miracle, man-made forest, the result of, sandy lands, host the Olympics, digital product 1.Beijing is the city that ______ twice. 2.The bridge makes it easy for villagers to ______. 3.We have turned narrow streets into ______. 4.______, 369 people built forests in Saihanba. 5.Wang Shanghai ______ of workers to plant trees year after year. 6.The huge ______ in Saihanba is world-famous. 7.People used to live on ______ without enough trees. 8.All the beautiful views are ______ thousands of people’s hard work. 9.People regard Saihanba as a great ______. 10.This ______ has no real shape and can only be bought online. 三、单项选择（10 题） 1.The word “railway” is a ______ word made up of rail and road. A. linking B. compound C. relative D. main 2.In the past, roads were narrow, but now they become ______. A. wide B. narrow C. sandy D. man-made 3.Beijing, China’s ______, held two Olympic Games successfully. A. villager B. miracle C. capital D. government 4.The bridge makes ______ easy for villagers to cross the river. A. this B. it C. that D. one 5.People feed hens on ______ and fresh vegetables. A. bridge B. corn C. soil D. bush 6.______ the help of the government, Saihanba changed a lot. A. Under B. With C. For D. To 7.There were lots of ______ before workers planted many trees. A. sandstorms B. miracles C. capitals D. products 8.Saihanba is a ______ forest built by hundreds of people. A. man-made B. narrow C. digital D. wide 9.All the beautiful environment is the ______ of hard work. A. soil B. result C. bush D. storm 10.Which word means “something you sell online without real form”? A. corn B. digital product C. railway D. village 四、句型转换（5 小题） 1.The road was narrow in the past. (同义句) The road ______ ______ narrow. 2.The bridge helps villagers cross the river easily. (改写 it 形式宾语) The bridge ______ ______ convenient for villagers ______ cross the river. 3.Beijing hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics. (对划线提问) ______ hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics? 4.Hard work created the green miracle. (改为被动) The green miracle ______ ______ by hard work. 5.They plant trees to hold the soil. (用 in the past 改写) They ______ trees to hold the soil in the past. 自我检测答案： 一、单词拼写 1.narrow 2. villager 3. capital 4. bridge 5. corn 6.product 7. government 8. sandstorms 9. soil 10. miracle 二、短语填空 1.hosted the Olympics 2.cross the river 3.wide roads 4.With support from the government 5.led a group 6.man-made forest 7.sandy lands 8.the result of 9.green miracle 10.digital product 三、单项选择1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B 四、句型转换 1.used to be 2.makes it; to 3.Which city 4.was created 5.planted 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 The Changing World Section B How do changes influence us? 第五课时(Section B Vocabulary in Use 2a-2c) 分层作业（解析版） 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.The city plans to build a ________ (人造的) island. 2. Our teacher will ________ (带领) us to visit the science museum. 3. The old town is full of ________ (狭窄的) roads and ancient small houses. 4. Beijing, the capital of China, has hosted both the Summer and Winter ____ (奥林匹克运动会)successfully. 5.All the v______ benefit a lot from the wide new bridge over the river. 答案：1.man-made 2.lead 3.narrow 4.Olympics 5.villagers 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 suggestion lead  miracle  villager  bush support 1.We’ve had a lot of ________from all our friends and neighbours. 2. Some small _____grow along the fence of our school playground. 3. It’s normal for the ______to drop by their friends’ homes if they have time. 4. Smoking seriously damaged John’s health and ____ to his death at last. 5. It was a ______that Robinson survived alone on the lonely island for so many years. 6. We protect forests and wildlife, _____ the world’s better living space. 答案：1.support 2.bushes 3.villagers 4.led 5.miracle 6.creating 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我们都知道兔子以青草和胡萝卜为食。 We all know that rabbits ________ ________ grass and carrots. 2.这座桥将会让村民们渡河进城出行变得便利。 The bridge will ________ ____________ ________ for the villagers to travel across the river to the city. 3.冒险结束后，王子选择在海边过一种普通生活。 After the adventure, the prince chose to ________ ________ ________ ________ by the sea. 4.年轻的工人们下定决心守护塞罕坝这片人造林海。 The young workers ____ ____ ___ ___ the man-made forest in Saihanba. 5.数字产品没有实体形态，只能在网上购买。 Digital products have no ____ _____ and can only be bought online. 6.冬天塞罕坝的气温常常低于零度。 In winter, the temperature in Saihanba is often ____ ____. 7.在政府的扶持下，许多村庄修建了宽阔的道路与崭新的桥梁。 ____ ____ ___ the government, many villages have built wide roads and new bridges. 8.塞罕坝优美的绿色风光是几代人艰苦奋斗的成果。 The beautiful green scenery of Saihanba is ___ ___ ___ __ ___of generations. 9.如今，干旱的沙地到处都长满了绿树。 Nowadays, the dry sandy lands ____ ____ ___green trees everywhere. 答案：1.feed on 2.make it convenient 3.lead a common life 4.are determined to protect 5.physical form 6.below freezing 7.With support from 8.the result of hard work 9.are covered with 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 Happy physics narrow convenient lead cover man-made miracle with result Years ago, the streets in my hometown were ____. Most villagers could only buy goods with real ____ form from small shops far away. Life was not ____ at all. Later, a group of young people ____ the local development project. ____ support from the government, the town built wide roads, parks and modern shopping centers. People also developed online shops to sell local special products. Now the whole town is ____ with green trees and colorful flowers. The clean and beautiful new town is a _____ wonder for all locals. This amazing change is seen as a great _____. Comfortable living conditions are the _____ of years of joint efforts. Time brings great changes to every corner of China. Small towns keep developing quickly and bring people a much____ life. 答案：1.narrow 2.physical 3.convenient 4.led 5.With 6.covered 7.man-made 8.miracle 9.result 10. happier 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 . In recent years, India has suffered from more serious heat waves. From March to June every year, temperatures in many areas often rise above 43°C, and some places even hit nearly 50°C. Recently, 95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities lie in India, making it a main center of extreme (极端的) high temperature on Earth. ________ Geographically, India lies in tropical (热带) and subtropical (亚热带) zones. Before summer monsoons (季风) arrive, sunlight hits the land directly. The Himalayas in the north block cool northern winds, keeping hot air over the plains and forming a “heat dome” that stops heat from escaping easily . Besides, weak rainfall and the El Niño climate effect make the weather drier and hotter. Human activities make the problem worse: rapid urbanization (城市化) creates urban heat islands. More roads, tall buildings and fewer trees take in and store heat. Greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from factories and cars speed up global warming as well. Extreme heat brings serious troubles. It harms people’s health greatly. Outdoor workers, elderly people and kids easily get heatstroke or heat exhaustion (虚脱). High electricity use for cooling often causes power cuts, which worsens water shortages. Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests. Long dry weather also raises risks of droughts across farmlands . To fight heat waves, India has taken useful steps. Local governments send early heat warnings to the public and build cooling centers for people to rest. Workers are ordered to avoid working during the hottest noon hours. Tree-planting projects expand city green areas to lower local temperatures. In the long run, cutting carbon pollution and developing clean energy can slow global warming effectively. India’s repeated heat waves are a clear warning of climate change. Extreme weather is no longer distant news. If we protect forests, control pollution and live a low-carbon life together, we can cool our planet and build a safer living environment for all. 1. What writing skill does the writer use in Paragraph 1? A．Telling stories. B．Giving examples. C．Listing numbers. D．Explaining reasons. 2. Which of the following can be put in ________ in Paragraph 2? A．India has a long history of different climate types. B．The Himalayas have a great influence on India's extreme heat. C．There are natural and human reasons for this extreme heat. D．The weather in India changes all the time. 3. Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Only outdoor workers will get heatstroke. B．Clean energy can make global warming worse. C．India stops all outdoor work every day. D．Extreme heat will lead to poor crop harvests. 5. What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To introduce different kinds of extreme weather on Earth. B．To call on people to protect the environment and fight climate change. C．To show how heat waves influence local farming and economy. D．To explain all the measures India has taken to prevent heat waves. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】C【小题 3】A【小题 4】D【小题 5】B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述印度近年频发极端热浪，介绍了印度高温频发的自然与人为成因、热浪带来的多重危害、印度应对热浪的各类举措，并点明热浪是气候变化的警示，呼吁人们保护环境、低碳生活。 【详解】 【小题 1】第一段出现 above 43℃、nearly 50℃、95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities 多处数据，作者使用列数字（List numbers）的写作手法。A 讲故事、B 举例子、D 阐释原因均不符合本段写法。 【小题 2】第二段后半部分先讲地理位置、喜马拉雅山、降水、厄尔尼诺等自然因素，再讲城市化、温室气体排放等人为因素，总起句需要总领两类原因。C 选项 “这种极端高温存在自然与人为两方面原因” 总领全段；A 印度气候类型历史、B 只讲喜马拉雅山片面、D 天气多变，都无法概括整段内容。故选 C。 【小题 3】第一段：引出印度高温热浪现象（总起）；第二段：分析高温产生的原因；第三段：极端高温带来的各类危害；第四段：印度应对热浪采取的措施；第五段：总结，警示气候变化、呼吁环保。结构：①总，②③④分述，⑤总结，对应结构 A。 【小题 4】原文第三段明确提到 “Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests”，和 D 选项表述一致。 A 错误：原文是户外工作者、老人、孩子都易中暑，不是只有户外工作者； B 错误：原文长远措施里清洁能源可以减缓全球变暖，而非加剧； C 错误：原文只是要求正午最热时段停工，不是全天停止所有户外工作。 【小题 5】文章结尾段点明主旨：印度反复热浪是气候变化的警示，呼吁人类共同保护森林、减少污染、低碳生活，以此降温地球、打造安全生存环境，写作目的是号召人们保护环境、应对气候变化，对应 B。 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Life in the future will be very different from what it is today. Many changes will take place in our daily life. First, there will be more people living in cities. Cities will become bigger and busier.     1     Also, medical science will develop fast. Doctors can help sick people get better easily.     2     Second, computers and the internet will play an important role in our daily life.     3     For example, shopping will become much easier and faster because we can buy anything we want online without leaving home. For this reason, every family will have at least one computer, and computer lessons will be very important in school. Third, robots will help us a lot.     4     So we will spend less time working and have more free time. We will have more time for sports, TV and travel. Travelling will be cheap and easy, so more people will travel to other countries during holidays.     5     We will eat healthier food and develop good living habits to keep fit. Our living environment (环境) will get much better. Cities will have more trees and flowers, and we will live in clean and comfortable places. A．Besides, we will pay more attention to our health. B．Computers will be smaller but more powerful, and the internet will be faster and more convenient. C．There will be more tall buildings for people to live in. D．People will prefer walking instead of driving. E．So many people will live to be over 100 years old. F．They will do heavy and dangerous work. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】E【小题 3】B【小题 4】F【小题 5】A 【导语】本文预测了未来生活的诸多变化：城市更大更拥挤，医疗进步使人更长寿，计算机和互联网让购物更便捷，机器人替代繁重工作，人们有更多休闲时间，环境更宜居，健康意识增强。 【详解】【小题 1】上文提到未来城市人口增多，城市会变得更大更忙。C 选项 “将会有更多高楼供人们居住” 是对城市变化的具体补充，符合上下文关于城市发展的语境。 【小题 2】上文提到医学科学发展迅速，医生能轻易帮助病人康复。E 选项 “所以很多人会活到 100 岁以上” 是医学进步带来的直接结果，句中的 “So” 体现了因果关系。 【小题 3】本段主题句指出电脑和互联网将扮演重要角色。B 选项具体描述了电脑变得更小更强、网络更快更便利，紧承主题句，并引出下文关于网购便利的例子。 【小题 4】上文提到机器人将帮助人类很多。F 选项中的 “They” 指代 robots，说明机器人将承担繁重和危险的工作，这解释了为什么后文提到人类工作时间会减少。 【小题 5】下文主要讲述健康饮食、生活习惯以及环境改善。A 选项 “此外，我们将更加关注健康” 作为段首主题句，引出了本段关于健康和生活环境的讨论，“Besides” 表示递进关系。 思维创新 任务型阅读。(25-26湖北荆门期末) In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is a good example. The villagers here have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业). It’s hard to believe how hard the life was there before. In the past, people walked on dirty roads in the village. On rainy days, it was hard to walk on these roads. The rows of tile-roofed (瓦屋顶的) houses were very old and sometimes the rain might drop into the rooms. Now, life is much better and more comfortable. The roads are wider, and the houses are brighter. Since 2016, tourism in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. The tourism brings money to the villagers. Last year, over 60,000 visitors came here. Each villager’s income (收入) increased to 25,600 yuan. These changes make the villagers more confident about the future. You Mingfen, a 57-year-old woman from the village, opened a hotel in her two-floor house. Her family makes gifts with fish skin and bones by hand and gives them to guests from all over China. “The busiest tourism season is from May to October. We can make over 50,000 yuan a year from it,” she said. “ In winter, we can stay in warm rooms and relax. That was impossible before. At that time, we only made a living by fishing.”    Thanks to the government’s good policies, villagers have more ways to make money. Many young people come back from big cities to work in their own hometown. They can not only look after their families but also build their hometown too. After seeing these changes, they believe they will have a great future. 1. Why was life hard in Bacha Village in the past? List two reasons.     1    (列举2项，不超过15词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Places/People Activities/Details Bacha Village     2     makes people there become rich.(不超过5词) You Mingfen’s family They give     3     made by fish skin and bones to guests.(仅填1词) Young people in the village They come back to their hometown to     4     (不超过10词). 3. What can you do to make your hometown better?     5     (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 【答案】 【小题 1】People walked on dirty roads; The rain might drop into the rooms. 【小题 2】 The development of tourism gifts look after their families and build their hometown. 【小题 3】示例 1：I’ll study hard and come back to build my hometown later. 示例 2：I’ll protect the environment and help spread local culture. 示例 3：I’ll volunteer to clean streets to make my hometown tidier.(开放性试题，答案合理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了中国黑龙江省巴查村在过去十年里，因旅游业发展而发生巨大变化，村民生活从贫困走向富裕的故事，体现了政策扶持下乡村振兴的成果。 【详解】【小题 1】原文第二段提到：“In the past, people walked on dirty roads in the village. On rainy days, it was hard to walk on these roads. The rows of tile-roofed houses were very old and sometimes the rain might drop into the rooms”，可知两个核心原因是 People walked on dirty roads; The rain might drop into the rooms. 【小题 2】①原文第一段：“The villagers here have become rich with the development of tourism”，可知旅游业让那里的人变得富有，故填 The development of tourism。 ②原文第四段：“Her family makes gifts with fish skin and bones by hand and gives them to guests from all over China.”，可知他们给客人送鱼皮和鱼骨做的礼物。故填 gifts。 ③原文第五段：“Many young people come back from big cities to work in their own hometown. They can not only look after their families but also build their hometown too”，可知他们回到家乡照顾家人，建设家园。故填 look after their families and build their hometown. 【小题 3】结合自身实际，可从环保、学习、宣传等角度作答，答案合理即可。示例：I’ll study hard and come back to build my hometown later./ I’ll protect the environment and help spread local culture./ I’ll volunteer to clean streets to make my hometown tidier. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 The Changing World Section B How do changes influence us? 第五课时(Section B Vocabulary in Use 2a-2c) 分层作业（原卷版） 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.The city plans to build a ________ (人造的) island. 2. Our teacher will ________ (带领) us to visit the science museum. 3. The old town is full of ________ (狭窄的) roads and ancient small houses. 4. Beijing, the capital of China, has hosted both the Summer and Winter ____ (奥林匹克运动会)successfully. 5.All the v______ benefit a lot from the wide new bridge over the river. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 suggestion lead  miracle  villager  bush support 1.We’ve had a lot of ________from all our friends and neighbours. 2. Some small _____grow along the fence of our school playground. 3. It’s normal for the ______to drop by their friends’ homes if they have time. 4. Smoking seriously damaged John’s health and ____ to his death at last. 5. It was a ______that Robinson survived alone on the lonely island for so many years. 6. We protect forests and wildlife, _____ the world’s better living space. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我们都知道兔子以青草和胡萝卜为食。 We all know that rabbits ________ ________ grass and carrots. 2.这座桥将会让村民们渡河进城出行变得便利。 The bridge will ________ ____________ ________ for the villagers to travel across the river to the city. 3.冒险结束后，王子选择在海边过一种普通生活。 After the adventure, the prince chose to ________ ________ ________ ________ by the sea. 4.年轻的工人们下定决心守护塞罕坝这片人造林海。 The young workers ____ ____ ___ ___ the man-made forest in Saihanba. 5.数字产品没有实体形态，只能在网上购买。 Digital products have no ____ _____ and can only be bought online. 6.冬天塞罕坝的气温常常低于零度。 In winter, the temperature in Saihanba is often ____ ____. 7.在政府的扶持下，许多村庄修建了宽阔的道路与崭新的桥梁。 ____ ____ ___ the government, many villages have built wide roads and new bridges. 8.塞罕坝优美的绿色风光是几代人艰苦奋斗的成果。 The beautiful green scenery of Saihanba is ___ ___ ___ __ ___of generations. 9.如今，干旱的沙地到处都长满了绿树。 Nowadays, the dry sandy lands ____ ____ ___green trees everywhere. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 Happy physics narrow convenient lead cover man-made miracle with result Years ago, the streets in my hometown were ____. Most villagers could only buy goods with real ____ form from small shops far away. Life was not ____ at all. Later, a group of young people ____ the local development project. ____ support from the government, the town built wide roads, parks and modern shopping centers. People also developed online shops to sell local special products. Now the whole town is ____ with green trees and colorful flowers. The clean and beautiful new town is a _____ wonder for all locals. This amazing change is seen as a great _____. Comfortable living conditions are the _____ of years of joint efforts. Time brings great changes to every corner of China. Small towns keep developing quickly and bring people a much____ life. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 . In recent years, India has suffered from more serious heat waves. From March to June every year, temperatures in many areas often rise above 43°C, and some places even hit nearly 50°C. Recently, 95 of the world’s 100 hottest cities lie in India, making it a main center of extreme (极端的) high temperature on Earth. ________ Geographically, India lies in tropical (热带) and subtropical (亚热带) zones. Before summer monsoons (季风) arrive, sunlight hits the land directly. The Himalayas in the north block cool northern winds, keeping hot air over the plains and forming a “heat dome” that stops heat from escaping easily . Besides, weak rainfall and the El Niño climate effect make the weather drier and hotter. Human activities make the problem worse: rapid urbanization (城市化) creates urban heat islands. More roads, tall buildings and fewer trees take in and store heat. Greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from factories and cars speed up global warming as well. Extreme heat brings serious troubles. It harms people’s health greatly. Outdoor workers, elderly people and kids easily get heatstroke or heat exhaustion (虚脱). High electricity use for cooling often causes power cuts, which worsens water shortages. Crops like wheat grow poorly under extreme heat, leading to lower harvests. Long dry weather also raises risks of droughts across farmlands . To fight heat waves, India has taken useful steps. Local governments send early heat warnings to the public and build cooling centers for people to rest. Workers are ordered to avoid working during the hottest noon hours. Tree-planting projects expand city green areas to lower local temperatures. In the long run, cutting carbon pollution and developing clean energy can slow global warming effectively. India’s repeated heat waves are a clear warning of climate change. Extreme weather is no longer distant news. If we protect forests, control pollution and live a low-carbon life together, we can cool our planet and build a safer living environment for all. 1. What writing skill does the writer use in Paragraph 1? A．Telling stories. B．Giving examples. C．Listing numbers. D．Explaining reasons. 2. Which of the following can be put in ________ in Paragraph 2? A．India has a long history of different climate types. B．The Himalayas have a great influence on India's extreme heat. C．There are natural and human reasons for this extreme heat. D．The weather in India changes all the time. 3. Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Only outdoor workers will get heatstroke. B．Clean energy can make global warming worse. C．India stops all outdoor work every day. D．Extreme heat will lead to poor crop harvests. 5. What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To introduce different kinds of extreme weather on Earth. B．To call on people to protect the environment and fight climate change. C．To show how heat waves influence local farming and economy. D．To explain all the measures India has taken to prevent heat waves. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Life in the future will be very different from what it is today. Many changes will take place in our daily life. First, there will be more people living in cities. Cities will become bigger and busier.     1     Also, medical science will develop fast. Doctors can help sick people get better easily.     2     Second, computers and the internet will play an important role in our daily life.     3     For example, shopping will become much easier and faster because we can buy anything we want online without leaving home. For this reason, every family will have at least one computer, and computer lessons will be very important in school. Third, robots will help us a lot.     4     So we will spend less time working and have more free time. We will have more time for sports, TV and travel. Travelling will be cheap and easy, so more people will travel to other countries during holidays.     5     We will eat healthier food and develop good living habits to keep fit. Our living environment (环境) will get much better. Cities will have more trees and flowers, and we will live in clean and comfortable places. A．Besides, we will pay more attention to our health. B．Computers will be smaller but more powerful, and the internet will be faster and more convenient. C．There will be more tall buildings for people to live in. D．People will prefer walking instead of driving. E．So many people will live to be over 100 years old. F．They will do heavy and dangerous work. 思维创新 任务型阅读。(25-26湖北荆门期末) In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is a good example. The villagers here have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业). It’s hard to believe how hard the life was there before. In the past, people walked on dirty roads in the village. On rainy days, it was hard to walk on these roads. The rows of tile-roofed (瓦屋顶的) houses were very old and sometimes the rain might drop into the rooms. Now, life is much better and more comfortable. The roads are wider, and the houses are brighter. Since 2016, tourism in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. The tourism brings money to the villagers. Last year, over 60,000 visitors came here. Each villager’s income (收入) increased to 25,600 yuan. These changes make the villagers more confident about the future. You Mingfen, a 57-year-old woman from the village, opened a hotel in her two-floor house. Her family makes gifts with fish skin and bones by hand and gives them to guests from all over China. “The busiest tourism season is from May to October. We can make over 50,000 yuan a year from it,” she said. “ In winter, we can stay in warm rooms and relax. That was impossible before. At that time, we only made a living by fishing.”    Thanks to the government’s good policies, villagers have more ways to make money. Many young people come back from big cities to work in their own hometown. They can not only look after their families but also build their hometown too. After seeing these changes, they believe they will have a great future. 1. Why was life hard in Bacha Village in the past? List two reasons.     1    (列举2项，不超过15词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Places/People Activities/Details Bacha Village     2     makes people there become rich.(不超过5词) You Mingfen’s family They give     3     made by fish skin and bones to guests.(仅填1词) Young people in the village They come back to their hometown to     4     (不超过10词). 3. What can you do to make your hometown better?     5     (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $