Unit 1 Here and Now（知识清单）英语新教材鲁教版五四制七年级上册

该初中英语Unit 1知识清单系统整合了“Here and Now”主题下的重点词汇、短语、句型及核心语法现在进行时，构建从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到写作场景输出的递进式学习支架，全面覆盖语言理解与表达所需要素。 清单通过分类标注与情境关联呈现知识体系，如词汇标注音标词性，句型结合日常对话场景，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“知识点详解+典例分析”模块，如辨析voice/noise/sound配表格对比，写作提供“总—分—总”结构及佳句积累，不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师能据此设计分层教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Here and Now Unit 1 重点词汇 1.ride /raid/ v.骑 n.旅程 2.moment /'məumənt/ n.某个时刻；片刻；瞬间 3.dragon /ˈdræɡən/ n.龙 4.festival /'festivl/ n.节日 5.hold /həuld/ v.拿着；抓住 6.voice /vɔɪs/ n.嗓音；声音 7.race /reis/ n.比赛；竞赛 8.darling /ˈda: lɪŋ/ n.亲爱的；宝贝 9.somebody /ˈsʌmbədi/ pron.某人；有人 10.could /kʊd , kəd/ modal v.能；可以 11.message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ n.消息；信息 12.kick /kik/ v.踢；踹 13.wow /waʊ/ interj.哇；呀 14.online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj.在线的 15.shuttlecock /ˈʃʌtlkɒk/ n.羽毛球 16.sight /saɪt/ n.名胜；风景；视力 17.exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ (=examination [ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn] ）n.考试 18.hope /həʊp/ v.＆n.希望 19.forward /ˈfɔ: wəd/ adv.向前 20.skate /skeɪt/ v.滑冰 21.happen /ˈhæpən/ v.发生 22.zone /zəʊn/ n.地区；地带；区域 23.rush /rʌʃ/ v.＆n.冲；奔 24.shine /ʃaɪn/ v.发光；照耀 n.光亮 25.brightly /ˈbraɪtli/ adv.明亮地 26.colourful /ˈkʌləfl/ adj.色彩鲜艳的 27.slowly /ˈsləʊli/ adv.缓慢地 28.such /sʌtʃ/ adj.这样的；那样的 pron.这样（那样）的人或事物 29.painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ n.绘画作品；绘画；油画 30.market /ˈmɑ:kɪt/ n.市场 31.side /saɪd/ n.边；侧 32.subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n.地铁 33.bright /braɪt/ adj.鲜艳的；明亮的；聪明的 34.drop /drɒp/ v. 把......送至；落下n.滴；下降 35.passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ n.乘客 36.central /ˈsentrəl/ adj.中心的；中央的 37.explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v.解释；说明 38.tour /tʊə(r)/ n.＆v.旅行；旅游 39.sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n.阳光 40.drive /draɪv/ v.开车；驾驶 重点短语 1.here and now 此时此地 2.ride a bike 骑自行车 3.wash dishes= do the dishes 洗碗 4.right now 现在；立刻 5.at the moment 现在；此刻 6.work on做；从事 7.have a holiday 度假 8.make... for... 为......做...... 9.hold on 别挂断电话；等一等 10.watch dragon boat races 看赛龙舟比赛 11.prepare...for... 为......做准备 12.care about 关心；在乎 13.answer the phone 接电话 14.take a message 捎个口信 15.leave a message 留个口信 16.call back回电话 17.take an online class 上网络课 18.write to sb. 写信给某人 19.look forward to 盼望 20. show sb. all the sights领某人看所有的风景 21.time zone 时区 22.around the world世界各地 23.rush to do sth. 着急做某事 24.in a hurry匆忙 25.such as 例如 26.side by side并排；并肩地 27.pick up sb. 接某人 28.drop off（开车）把某人送到某处 29.explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 30.take part in参加 31.buy sth. for sb. 买某物给某人 32.rush hour（上下班时的）交通高峰期 33.take/have a look at 看一看 34.a group of 一组 35.on a mat 在垫子上 重点句型 1. What brings people together? 是什么让人们聚在一起。 2.—What are you doing right now/at the moment? 你现在在做什么？ —I’m doing my homework. 我正在做作业。 3. —Do you want to play volleyball at the sports park? 你想在运动公园打排球吗？ —Of course/I’d love to, but I’m working on something important. 当然/我想去，但是我正在做一些重要的事情。 4. Are you making them for the Dragon Boat Festival? 5. —Is Mum there too？Is she feeling better？ 妈妈也在吗？她感觉好些了吗？ —Yes, her cold is gone. She’s gardening. Hold on. Here’s Mum. 在，她的感冒好了。她在打理花园。别挂断电话。妈妈来了。 6. Can I take a message? 我可以捎个口信吗？ 7. Would you like to leave a message? 你想留个口信吗？ 8. Could you tell him/her to call me back? 你能让他/她给我回电话吗？ 9. I’m looking forward to seeing you soon! 我盼望着能快点见到你。 10. How do we share our lives with others? 我们如何与他人分享我们的生活？ 11. What is happening in different time zones around the world right now？现在世界各地不同时区正在发生什么？ 12．Lights are shining brightly across the city and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 灯光明亮地照耀着整个城市，五颜六色的船只正慢慢地顺流而下。 13. In the city, people live side by side with many wonderful animals. 14. It’s early, but the city is getting busy! 时间还早，但城市越来越忙了！ 15．Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers. 亮黄色出租车正在接送乘客。 16．Can you explain why the time is different in each city at the same moment？ 你能解释一下为什么每个城市在同一时刻的时间是不同的吗？ 17. I’m driving to work today, but it’s taking a long time because it’s rush hour. 我今天要开车上班，但是由于是交通高峰期，要花很长时间。 18. Living in a global village, we should think like a global citizen. 生活在地球村，我们应该像全球公民一样思考。 语言目标 掌握现在进行时的用法 【知识点1】 How many of his friends are free to do the activity? 他的朋友中有多少人有空做这项活动？ 【详解】(1) how many多少 　　 how many of... ······中有多少 例句：How many of your classmates like playing basketball?　你的同学中有多少人喜欢打篮球? （2）free空闲的，形容词，意为“空闲的”。其反义词是busy。 例句：I am not free today. I’m busy. 我今天没有空。我很忙。 for free 免费地 【拓展】 ①free作形容词，意为“免费的” 例句：This is a free school. 这是一所免费的学校。 搭配：in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间 ②free作形容词，意为“自由的” 　搭配：be free to do sth 随意做某事 例句：He is free to come and go. 他来去自由。 ③free作动词，意为“解救，使...自由” free from / free of 免于…… 例句： 【典例】 1. —Will you be ______ this Saturday afternoon? I’d like to discuss the plan with you. —Sure. And the coffee in the new coffee shop is ______, so we can chat there. A. free; freely B. freely; free C. free; free D. freely; freely 【答案】C 【解析】第一空表示"有空的"，用形容词 free 作表语（be free）；第二空表示"免费的"，同样用形容词 free 作表语说明咖啡的属性。 freely 是副词，意为"自由地、随意地"，不能表示"免费"或"空闲"，故排除A、B、D。2．Ms. 2.After the successful operation, the old man is ______ pain at last and can sleep well. A. free from B. come from C. far from D. away from 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查固定搭配 be free from，意为"免于；摆脱"，后常接表示痛苦、危险、担忧、责任等抽象名词，如 pain, worry, danger, duty 等。come from来自于；far from远非；一点也不；away from远离，均不符合句意。 【知识点2】 He is watching a film. 他正在看电影。 【详解】 watch a film 意为“看电影”。watch 在句中用作及物动词，意为“看，观看”。 常用于“看电视，看录像，看戏，看比赛”，相当于see a film, watch a movie, go to the movies/cinema 例句：I often watch TV in the evening. 我晚上经常看电视。 常用句型： （1）watch sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事。 （2）watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。 （3）watch还可用作可数名词，意为“手表”。 【拓展】辨析read，look，see与watch 1）watch 意为“观看、注视”。指长时间看某一活动的场面，如：看电视、比赛、表演、赏月等。 2）look 强调发出看的动作，不注重结果。是一个不及物动词，带宾语时加at。 例句：Look. There is a boy under the tree. 看，树下有一个男孩。 Please look at the blackboard. 请看黑板。 3）see 强调“看”的结果。指看见还是没看见。 也指看电影（see a comedy）、看病（see a doctor） 例句：I can see some birds in the tree. 我能看见树上有一些鸟。 4）read 意为“看、读”。其宾语常是有文字的“书、报、杂志”等。如： He is reading a book. 他正在看书。 【典例】 1. —What are you doing, Tom? —I'm ______ a novel. And my sister is ______ a movie on her iPad. A. reading; watching B. looking; seeing C. seeing; looking D. watching; reading 【答案】A 【解析】read 后接书籍、报刊、文件等文字类材料，read a novel 意为"读小说"；watch 后接电视、电影、比赛等动态画面，watch a movie 意为"看电影"。look 强调"看"的动作，为不及物动词，后接宾语时需加 at；see 强调"看见"的结果，均不符合此处搭配。 2. ______! There is a lovely bird in that tree. Can you ______ it? A. See; look B. Look; see C. Watch; look D. Look; watch 【答案】B 【解析】第一空用 Look（单独使用，后加感叹号）引起对方注意，强调"看"的动作；第二空用 see 强调"看见"的结果，意为"你能看见它吗？"。 watch 强调专注地观看动态过程（如电视、比赛），不符合此处语境；see 不能用于祈使句引起注意。 3. I watched my little brother ______ his homework carefully when I entered the room. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 watch sb. doing sth.，强调"看见某人正在做某事"，表示动作正在进行。句中 when I entered the room（当我进房间时）提示动作在那一时刻正在发生，故用 doing。 watch sb. do sth. 强调看见动作全过程或动作经常发生，不符合此处语境。 【知识点3】 I’d love to，but I’m working on something important. 我想去，但是我正在做一些重要的事情。 【详解1】 此句型常用来回答对方的礼貌邀请或表达自己的意愿，语气非常委婉。此处’d为would的缩写。 例句：—Do you want to go to the movies with me? —I’d love to. 【拓展】 1. would like/love sth. “想要……” 例如：I would like a cup of tea. 1. would love to do sth.=would like to do sth. “想要做某事” 例句： Linda would like you to help her. 1. 想对方提出有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望等时，常用Would you like……？ 例句：—Sir, would you like some tea? 或 Sir, would you like to drink some coffee? —Yes,I’d like to. 【详解2】 something important意为“一些重要的事情”，something 为复合不定代词，多用于肯定句或表示建议及请求的疑问句中；形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置。 【典例】 1.—What would you like ______ this weekend? —I’d like ______ a picnic with my family in the countryside. A. do; to have B. doing; having C. to do; having D. to do; to have 【答案】D 【解析】第一空考查 would like to do sth.（想要做某事），疑问词 what 作 do 的宾语，故用 to do；第二空答语中 I'd like 后接动词不定式 to have。 2.—Would you like to go to the concert with us tonight? —______. But I have to finish my science report first. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't m C. I'd love to D. I don't think so 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 Would you like to...? 的口语应答。根据答语中 But 的转折可知，说话人愿意接受邀请，但存在客观限制，故用 I'd love to（我很乐意）。 【知识点4】 Hold on. 别挂断电话；等一等 This is..speaking. 我是...... 【详解1】 hold on 的用法： 1. 用于打电话时，叫对方不要挂断电话，意为：等一下；别挂断：别放下筒。 例句：Hold on a minute，I' ll just get a pen. 等一下，我去找支钢笔来。 2. 用作电话用语以外的其它情况，叫对方等一下，意为：等一下。 例句：Hold on. I'm not ready yet. 等等，我还没有准备好。 Hold on. I can't hear what you are saying. 等一等，我没听清你的话。 3. 叫对方坚持下去，不要放弃。意为：坚持下去，继续下去 例句：Hold on ,everything will be all right. 坚持下去，一切都会好的。 4. 表示：抓紧。 例句：Hold on to my hand when we cross the street. 过马路的时候，你要抓紧我的手。 【详解2】 This is..speaking. 是打电话的常用语，相当于"Hello? This is Jenny speaking.". “This is ... ”是打电话时介绍自己的常用句型，意为“我是 ......”。打电话时，一般用 this 代表“我” ，用that代表“对方”，而不用 I 和 you。询问对方是谁用“ Who’s that?”。 Hello, this is Kate. Who’s that? 你好，我是凯特。你是谁? 【拓展】 打电话常用语小结： (1)“打电话找某人”的常用句型： May/Can/Could I speak to ... (please)? 请让 ……接电话好吗? (2)“打电话介绍自己”的句型： This is ... ( speaking). 我是 …… Speaking. 我就是。 (3)“询问对方是谁”的句型： Is that ... (speaking)? 你是……吗？ Who’s that (speaking)? 你是谁？ (4)其他用语： Hold on, please. 请别挂断。 Wait a moment/minute, please. 请稍等。 Can/May/Should I take a message? 要我记个留言吗？ 【典例】 1. — Hello, may I speak to Mr. Green? — ______, please. I'll see if he's available. A. Hold on B. Come on C. Go on D. Keep on 【答案】A 【解析】在电话用语中，hold on 意为"请稍等，别挂断"，用于请对方等待自己去叫人或查询信息。B项 come on 意为"加油/快点"；C项 go on 意为"继续"；D项 keep on 意为"坚持"，均不符合电话语境。 2.— ______? — This is Jenny speaking. A. Who are you B. Who is it C. Who's speaking D. Who do you speak 【答案】C 【解析】电话交流中询问对方身份时，标准表达是 "Who's speaking?" 或 "Who's that speaking?"。A项 Who are you 虽然语法正确，但在电话中显得过于直接、不礼貌；B项 Who is it 多用于日常面对面，不用于电话；D项语法错误。 3.— Is that Tom? — ______. He has gone out for lunch. A. Yes, he is B. No, this isn't C. Sorry, he isn't D. No, he doesn't 【答案】C 【解析】电话中告知对方要找的人不在时，常用 "Sorry, he/she isn't (here/at home/in)." 语气委婉礼貌。B项 No, this isn't 语法不通（this 不能指代人）；D项助动词 doesn't 与问句中的 is 不匹配。 4. — Could I leave a message for Mary? — Sure. ______ A. I'll tell her B. Go ahead C. Speak it D. Say it 【答案】B 【解析】Go ahead 在电话用语中表示"请说/继续"，用于同意对方留言。A项 I'll tell her 意为"我会告诉她"，虽然意思相关，但在此语境下不如 go ahead 自然地道；C、D项不是标准的电话应答用语。 【知识点5】 It’s great to hear your voice！ 听到你的声音真好！ 【详解】voice名词，意为“声音，嗓音”。 常用短语：in a low/loud voice，意为“低声/大声地” 例句： We talked in a low voice because the baby was sleeping. 因为婴儿在睡觉，我们小声说话。 【拓展】辨析：voice，noise，sound voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在的嗓音不好。 noise 意为＂噪声，喧闹声＂，指不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂声、噪声。make noise 制造噪音 I can’t stand the noise outside. 我无法忍受外面的噪音。 sound 的含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音，有意义或无意义的声音。 There’s no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有发出声音。 【典例】 1.I could hear strange ______ coming from the empty house at midnight. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. shout 【答案】C 【解析】 sound 是含义最广泛的词，泛指一切"声音"，可指人或自然界发出的任何声响，不强调是否悦耳。句中"strange sound"指从空房子里传来的不明声响，符合语境。 voice 特指人的"嗓音、说话声或歌声"，不能用于描述房子里的不明声响。 noise 强调"噪音、喧闹声"，通常指令人不悦的嘈杂声，但此处强调的是"奇怪的、不明的"声音，而非"嘈杂刺耳"，用 sound 更恰当。 shout 意为"呼喊、喊叫"，语义过于具体，与"strange"搭配不当。 2.The children were making too much ______ in the library, so the librarian asked them to be quiet. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. cry 【答案】B 【解析】 noise 指"噪音、喧闹声"，强调令人烦躁、不悦耳的嘈杂声，常与 make 搭配构成 "make noise"（制造噪音）。句中图书馆管理员要求孩子们安静，说明他们发出的声音是干扰他人的噪音。 【知识点6】 Hao Yi and I are making zongzi and watching dragon boat races on TV. 郝毅和我正在边做粽子边在电视上看龙舟赛。 【详解】 race可数名词，意为“竞赛”。 【拓展】辨析：race与game race 指赛跑、速度方面的比赛，如赛车、赛马等。 a horse race 赛马 a 10-mile race 10英里赛跑 game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则，凡参加者均需遵守，多用于美式英语。英式英语则用match，此时game与match可以互换。 a football game/match 足球赛 a basketball game/match 篮球赛 用作复数形式，一般指大型的国际体育运动会或学校的游戏课、体育课。 the Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会 【典例】 1.Our school will hold a basketball ______ against the team from No. 2 Middle School next Friday. A. race B. game C. run D. speed 【答案】B 【解析】 game 泛指有规则的"球类比赛、竞技活动"，basketball game 是固定搭配，意为"篮球比赛"。句中"against the team"（对抗另一支队伍）体现了团队对抗性，这是 game 的典型用法。 race 强调速度竞赛，篮球比赛不以速度为唯一评判标准，故不适用。 run 作名词指"跑步"，与 basketball 搭配不当。 speed 意为"速度"，不能表示"比赛"的含义。 【知识点7】 Can I take a message for him? 我可以捎个口信吗？ 【详解】 message用作可数名词，表示“信息、消息” 常用搭配： （1）take a message意为“捎口信、传话” （2）take a message for sb.“为某人捎口信” （3）leave a message意为“留口信” （4）send a message“发送信息” （5）give sb. a message “捎信给某人” 【拓展】 辨析news, information,message news 不可数名词 意为“信息；新闻”，指公众感兴趣的近来发生的事件，尤其是通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等报道的事件。 如：a piece of news 一则新闻 information 不可数名词 意为“信息”，常指通过学习、阅读、查询等方式获得的。 message 可数名词 一般指口头传递或书写的“音信”。 例句：We often listen to the morning news. 我们常常收听早间新闻。 I have some information about the exam. 我有一些关于这次考试的信息。 Can I take a message for him? 能给他捎个信吗？ 【典例】 1.I need to collect more ______ about this university before I decide to apply for it. A. news B. information C. message D. notice 【答案】B 【解析】 information 指通过各种途径获得的"信息、资料"，为不可数名词，强调事实、数据或知识的总和。句中"收集关于大学的资料"属于系统性的信息搜集，用 information 最恰当。 news 特指"新闻、消息"，强调通过媒体发布的时事报道，范围较窄，不适用于描述为申请学校而收集的综合资料。 message 指口头或书面的"口信、留言、信息"，侧重具体的、一次性的传递内容（如 leave a message 留言），不表示系统性的资料。 notice 意为"通知、布告"，指官方张贴或发布的简短通告，语义不符。 2.—Please tell your mother I called, and ask her to call me back. It's urgent. — OK, I'll give her the ______ right away. A. news B. information C. message D. word 【答案】C 【解析】message 指具体的"口信、留言"，常用于转达某人留下的简短信息，固定搭配 "give sb. the message" 意为"给某人带口信"。句中"让她回电话"是一次性的具体传话内容，用 message 最准确。 news 指新闻报道，不能用于个人之间的简短口信。 information 是抽象、综合的信息概念，不与 give 搭配表示"带口信"。 word 虽有"消息"之意（如 send word），但通常不与 give 构成 "give the word" 表示带口信（give the word 实际意为"下令"）。 【知识点8】 Could you tell him/her to call me back? 你能让他/她给我回电话吗？ 【详解1】此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼貌地请求或请求允许做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。 Could you (please) …?“你做……好吗？”表示有礼貌地提出请求或建议，希望得到肯定回答和认可，后接动词原形。因此，句型中如有some，不用变成any。 例句： Could I watch TV? 我可以看电视吗? —Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？ —Sure. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。 【拓展】 1. 常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语 委婉请求：Could you please+do sth? Could you + do sth? Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to. /With pleasure. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but... 2. Could you please...? 句型的否定结构是在please后加not。 例句：Could you please not make noises? 请你不要制造噪音好吗？ 【典例】 1.— Could you ask Mr. Wang to call me back? — ______ A. I'm afraid I can't. B. Sure, I'll tell him. C. No, he isn't here. D. Why do you ask? 【答案】B 【解析】 根据下句"Thank you very much."（非常感谢）可知，上句应是欣然答应对方的请求。B项 "Sure, I'll tell him."（当然，我会告诉他的）是接受请求的标准礼貌答语，sure 表示同意，I'll tell him 明确承诺会转告，与感谢语衔接自然。 2.— I'm afraid Mrs. Green isn't in. Can I take a message? — ______ A. Yes, you can take it. B. No, thanks. I'll call back later. C. Why isn't she in? D. Who are you? 【答案】B 【解析】上句是接电话者主动提出"我可以帮你捎个口信吗？"（Can I take a message?）。B项 "No, thanks. I'll call back later."（不用了，谢谢。我稍后再打来。）是委婉拒绝对方好意并说明后续安排的得体答语。 【详解2】tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事。 例句：My mother told me not to watch TV before I finish homework. 在没做完作业之前，我妈妈告诉我不让我看电视。 ③call (sb.) back意为“（给某人）回电话”，其中call意为“打电话”， 还可作为名词，构成短语give sb. a call“给某人打电话”。 例句：I’ll call (you) back. 我将（给你）回电话。 【拓展】 call还可意为“称呼，给……命名，把……叫做”。 例句：We call the pet dog Dingding. 我们给这只宠物狗起名为叮叮。 【典例】 1.My mother often tells me ______ too much time on computer games. A. not to spend B. don't spend C. to not spend D. not spend 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 句型，意为"告诉某人（不要）做某事"。其否定形式是在不定式符号 to 前加 not，即 tell sb. not to do sth.。因此"告诉我不要花太多时间"应表达为 tells me not to spend。 2.— I called you yesterday afternoon, but nobody answered. — Sorry, I was out. Why didn't you ______? A. call up B. call back C. call for D. call in 【答案】B 【解析】call back 意为"回电话"，符合语境——对方昨天打电话没接通，此处反问"你为什么不回电话呢？"。 call up 意为"打电话（给某人）；征召入伍"； call for 意为"需要；呼吁；去接（某人）"； call in 意为"召集；召来"。 【知识点9】 My uncle is showing us all the sights.我叔正带我们参观所有的名胜。 【详解】show用作及物动词，意为“给……看，展示”，表示这一意思时，可用于两个结构， 即：show sb sth或show sth to sb。 例句：Please show me your English book. =Please show your English book to me. 请将你的英语书给我看看。 【拓展】 ①show用作可数名词，意为“（电视或广播的）节目”，talk shows意为“访谈节目”。 例句：He is a talk show host. 他是一名访谈节目的主持人。 What’s your favourite TV show? 你最喜爱的电视节目是什么？ ②show用作名词，还可意为“表演，展览”。 on show意为“在展出，在展览中”。 例句：There is a flower show in the park. 公园里有一个花展。 My paintings are on show in Beijing this month. 我的画本月在北京展出。 【典例】 1.Could you please ______ your collection of stamps ______ me? I'd love to see them. A. show; to B. show; for C. take; to D. bring; for 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查 show sth. to sb. 句型，意为"把某物展示给某人看"，其同义结构为 show sb. sth.（双宾语结构）。因此"把你的邮票收藏给我看看"应表达为 show your collection to me。 2.Yesterday the guide ______ us ______ the old town and told us many interesting stories about it. A. showed; around B. showed; off C. looked; around D. took; off 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 show sb. around 短语，意为"带领某人参观某地"。句中"导游带我们参观老城"符合该短语用法。 show off 意为"炫耀"，如 show off his new car（炫耀他的新车）； look around 意为"环顾四周"，主语应为参观者本人，且不接双宾语； take off 意为"脱下；起飞"，与语境完全不符。 【知识点10】 I hope it is all going well! 我希望一切顺利！ 【详解】 hope 意为希望；期望 用法： hope to do sth 意为希望做某事。 hope + (that)从句 希望…… ，常表示可以实现的愿望 例句： I hope to see my pen pal, Lucy. =I hope (that) I can see my pen pal, Lucy. 我希望见到我的笔友露西。 【拓展】 ①wish sb. sth. 希望某人…… ，表示祝愿 ②wish to do sth. 希望做某事 ③wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 ④wish +（that）从句 希望……，常表示不可能实现或实现的可能性较小的愿望 ⑤hope和wish都可作名词，但hope意为＂希望＂；wish意为＂愿望；心愿；祝愿＂。 【注意】 hope后可接不定式作宾语，但不能接复合宾语。即我们可以表达为：hope to do sth，但不可以表达为hope sb to do sth。 【典例】 I ______ I could travel back in time and meet the great poet Li Bai. A. hope B. wish C. want D. expect 【答案】B 【解析】wish 后接宾语从句表示与事实相反或难以实现的愿望时，从句需用虚拟语气（could/were 等）。句中"穿越回唐朝见李白"是不可能实现的事情，故用 wish。hope 后接从句时用陈述语气，表示有可能实现的愿望，不符合此处语境。 2.— Do you think our team will win the match tomorrow? — ______. We have practiced hard for it. A. I wish so B. I hope so C. I want so D. I expect so 【答案】B 【解析】 I hope so 是固定搭配，意为"希望如此"，用于对将来可能发生的事表达期望。wish 没有 "I wish so" 的用法；want 和 expect 也不与 so 构成此类固定答语。 3.— I hope you ______ good results in the final exam. — Thank you. I'll do my best. A. to get B. getting C. will get D. get 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 hope + that 从句（that 可省略）。hope 后接宾语从句时，从句用陈述语气。此处表示对将来的期望，应用一般将来时 will get。 【知识点11】 I’m looking forward to seeing you soon! 我盼望着能快点见到你。 【详解】 look forward to 是一个固定的结构，表示“期待；期盼”，其中to是介词，因此后面若使用动词，要使用其-ing形式。 【拓展】辨析look forward to和expect look forward to 和 expect二者都可意为＂期待＂，区别如下： (1)look forward to指带着愉快的心情期待着某事的发生。 例句：The students are looking forward to their holiday. 学生们盼望着他们的假期。 (2)expect指确信某事必将发生，多用于好的事物，也可用于不好的事物。 例句：I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没有预料到会在这儿遇到你。 (3) forward adv. 意为“向前地”，修饰动词，在句中作状语。 例句：She hurried forward to meet him. 她急忙走上前去迎接他。 【典例】 1.We are all looking forward to ______ your good news. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear 【答案】B 【解析】 look forward to 中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，因此后面必须接名词、代词或动名词（doing）。句意为"我们都期待听到你的好消息"，故用 hearing。A 项为动词原形；C 项为过去式/过去分词；D 项为不定式，均不符合该短语用法。 【知识点12】 What is happening in different time zones around the world right now? 现在世界各地不同时区正在发生什么？ 【详解】 ①happen “发生” 是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。 常用句式: sth happened to sb 某人发生了什么事（常指不好的事） sth happened＋ 地点/时间，意为＂某地/某时发生了某事＂ 例句：What happened to him last year? 他昨天发生什么事情了？ An accident happened on Center Street. 事故发生在中心街。 ②happen v. 还意为“碰巧” sb happened to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 It happened that... 碰巧...... 例句： I happened to see my teacher in the supermarket.　我碰巧在在超市看到了我的老师。 It happens that Tom is here.　碰巧汤姆在这里。 【拓展】辨析happen/take place 相同点：都意为＂发生＂，都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。 不同点： happen指具体客观事件发生，有偶然性，未能预见。 take place尤指根据安排或计划发生，含有事先预料或计划的意思。 例句：When did the accident happen? 事故什么时候发生的？ When will the sports meeting take place? 运动会什么时候举行？ 【典例】 1.— I ______ meet my old friend Tom at the airport yesterday. What a coincidence! — Really? That's amazing. A. happened B. happened to C. was happened to D. was happening to 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查 happen to do sth. 句型，意为"碰巧做某事"。happen 为不及物动词，没有被动语态，因此 C 项错误；A 项缺少 to，无法接动词原形 meet；D 项过去进行时在此语境下不恰当。句意为"昨天我碰巧在机场遇到了老朋友汤姆"。 2.The 2026 Asian Games will ______ in Hangzhou. The city has been preparing for it for years. A. happen B. take place C. be happened D. be taken place 【答案】B 【解析】 take place 指有计划、有安排地"发生、举行"，常用于运动会、会议、婚礼等事先筹备好的活动。句中亚运会是多年筹备的大型赛事，故用 take place。 happen 多指偶然、意外发生的事情，不强调事先计划； happen 和 take place 都是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，因此 C、D 两项均错误。 3.— Do you know what ______ to him yesterday? He looks painful. — He fell off his bike on his way home. A. was happened B. was taken place C. happened D. took place 【答案】C 【解析】happen to sb. 是固定搭配，意为"发生在某人身上"，常指意外或偶然事件。句中"从自行车上摔下来"属于意外事故，故用 happened。 【知识点13】 But others are not in a hurry! 但有一些人并不着急！ 【详解】 in a hurry 此处hurry用作名词，意为“匆忙，急忙”。hurry 还可以做动词，意为“赶快，匆忙”。副词是 hurriedly 意为“匆忙地”。 常用搭配：hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry= do sth. hurriedly 急忙做某事 例句: He hurried to finish his homework. = He finished his homework in a hurry. = He finished his homework hurriedly. 他急急忙忙地完成他的作业。 【拓展】hurry up赶快；急忙（做某事） 例句：Hurry up，or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 【典例】 1.— The movie will start in five minutes. ______, or we'll be late! — OK, I'm coming. A. Hurry up B. Be hurry C. In a hurry D. Hurry to 【答案】A 【解析】Hurry up 是固定短语，意为"快点、赶快"，用于催促他人加快速度，是祈使句的常用表达。B 项 "Be hurry" 语法错误（hurry 作动词时直接用 Hurry!，不作形容词用）；C 项 "In a hurry" 是介词短语，意为"匆忙地"，不能单独构成祈使句；D 项 "Hurry to" 后需接动词原形（hurry to do sth.），单独使用不完整。 2.When I got to the station, I realized I had left my ticket at home, so I ______ back to get it. A. hurried B. was in a hurry C. hurried to D. was hurried 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 hurry to do sth. 句型，意为"匆忙去做某事"。句中"匆忙赶回去取票"应表达为 hurried back，其中 back 为副词，to 被省略（hurried to go back 的简略形式）。A 项 hurried 后缺少方向副词/介词，语义不完整；B 项 "was in a hurry" 后需加介词才能接动作；D 项 hurry 是不及物动词，没有被动语态。 3. Jack hurried (catch) the bus. Because he got up too late. 【答案】to catch 【解析】考查hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事，故填to catch。 【知识点14】 Some people are shopping for gifts, such as paintings and bags, in the markets. 一些人正在市场上购买礼物，比如油画和手提包。 【详解】such as “例如；诸如” 例句：Children like ball games, such as basketball, football and table tennis. 孩子们喜欢球类运动，例如篮球、足球和乒乓球。 【拓展】辨析：such as/for example such as 列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物作例。其后没有逗号，直接加所列举的内容。 for example 列举整体之中的一个为例，在句子中多用作插入语，用逗号与其前内容隔开，位置可以在句首、句中或句末。 【典例】 1.______, many cities in China have built smart public transport systems. Shanghai, for instance, has a very advanced metro network. A. Such as B. Like C. For example D. As 【答案】C 【解析】 for example 用于举例说明某一论点或情况，可独立使用，通常放在句首，并用逗号与主句隔开。句中"许多中国城市建设了智能公共交通系统"是一个总体情况，后面用 Shanghai 举例说明。 such as 和 like 用于列举同类事物中的例子，后面必须直接跟名词或名词短语，不能独立使用或放在句首； as 表示"作为"或"正如"，不符合此处举例的语境。 2.My grandfather enjoys traditional Chinese arts, ______ paper-cutting, calligraphy and Peking Opera. A. for example B. such as C. is like D. seem like 【答案】B 【解析】such as 用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，后面直接跟名词或名词短语，是正式书面语中的标准表达。句中列举了剪纸、书法、京剧三个例子。 【知识点15】 Many people are rushing to the subway.许多人正冲向地铁。 【详解】rush 此处做动词，意为“冲，奔；急促”，表示动作很急促。 常用搭配： ①rush to+地点名词 冲向某地 ②rush to do sth 匆忙做某事 ③rush out of... 冲出...... 例句：He rushed home to tell his parents the good news. 他冲回家告诉他父母这个好消息。 He rushes out of the door without breakfast.　他没吃早餐就冲出了门。 【拓展】rush 还可以做名词，意为“匆忙；仓促” 　 短语：in a rush急匆匆（地） rush hour （上下班时的）交通高峰期 例句：He goes to work in a rush every day.　每天他都急匆匆地去上班。 【典例】 1.Don't ______ making such an important decision. You'd better think it over carefully. A. rush into B. rush to C. rush for D. rush in 【答案】A 【解析】 rush into (doing) sth. 是固定搭配，意为"仓促做某事、急于做某事"。句中"不要急于做如此重要的决定"符合该短语用法。 2.I got up late this morning, so I was ______ and left my keys at home. A. on the rush B. in a rush C. with rush D. for a rush 【答案】B 【解析】in a rush 是固定短语，意为"匆忙地、仓促地"，在句中作表语，描述主语的状态。句意为"今天早上我起晚了，所以很匆忙，把钥匙落在家里了"。 【知识点16】 Our family are taking part in a boat tour right now. 现在我们一家人正参加乘船旅行。 【详解】take part in参加；通常指参加会议、旅行、比赛等活动，并在活动中发挥重要作用。 【拓展】join; join in和take part in 的辨析： join 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。 join的宾语一般是人、团体、组织等。 I joined the army in 1996 join in 指参加某项比赛或活动，常用于口语中，也可用于join sb in (doing) sth 意为“加入……（做）……”。 May I join in the football match? take part in 指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与join in互换。 I'd like to take part in the sports meeting.　我想参加运动会。 【典例】 1.My uncle decided to ______ the army after he graduated from high school. A. join in B. take part in C. join D. attend 【答案】C 【解析】 join 指加入某个组织、团体或机构，成为其中一员，如 join the army（参军）、join the club（加入俱乐部）、join the Party（入党）。军队是一个正式组织，故用 join。 2.Everyone was encouraged to ______ the volunteer activities to protect the environment. A. join B. join in C. take part in D. enter 【答案】C 【解析】take part in 指参加有组织、有目的的大型活动，并在其中承担一定角色或做出贡献。句中"参加志愿者活动"是参与社会公益活动，强调积极参与并发挥作用，故用 take part in。 3.— When did you ______ the English club? — Last month. And next week I'll ______ the English speech contest. A. join; take part in B. join in; join C. take part in; join D. join; join in 【答案】A 【解析】join 指加入某个组织、团体或俱乐部，成为其中一员，后接表示组织的名词（如 club, army, Party）。 take part in 指参加大型活动、会议或比赛，强调积极参与并在其中发挥作用。 join in 通常指参加小型活动（如游戏、讨论），不如 take part in 正式。 第一空"加入英语俱乐部"用 join；第二空"参加英语演讲比赛"用 take part in。 4.— We're going to play basketball after school. Would you like to ______ us? — Sure. And I hope more classmates can ______ the game. A. take part in; join B. join; join in C. join in; take part in D. join; take part in 【答案】B 【解析】join sb. 表示"加入某人、和某人一起"，后接人作宾语。第一空后面是 us（人），故用 join。 join in 表示参加某项活动，后接活动名词（如 game, discussion）。第二空后面是 the game，故用 join in。 现在进行时 1. 定义 现在进行时态表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作；还可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 例如：The students are listening to the teacher. He is watching TV now. We are working on a farm these days . I am writing a book this month. 2. 结构 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+现在分词+其他. 否定句：主语+am not/is not/are not/isn’t/aren’t+现在分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ am/is/ are. 否定回答：No, 主语+ am not/isn’t/ aren’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+现在分词+其他? 例如：肯定式：I am singing. She is dancing. He is listening. They are watching TV. 否定式：I am not singing. She is not dancing. He is not listening. They are not watching TV. 一般疑问句及回答：—Are you singing? —Yes, I am./No, I’m not. —Is she dancing? —Yes, she is./No, she isn’t. —Is he listening? —Yes, he is./No, he isn’t. —Are they watching TV? —Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问句：What are you doing? What is he/she doing? What are they doing? 3. 现在分词v-ing的构成： 一般情况直接在动词原形后+ing go ask going asking 以不发音字母e结尾的单词，去e,+ ing write take close writing taking closing 以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写末尾字母+ing get run swim put getting running swimming putting 【注意】以 “ie”结尾，要变“ie”为“y”,再加-ing.如：die—dying(死）lie—lying(平躺） 4. 常与现在进行时态连用的词：now现在，listen听，look看等。 例如：What are you doing now? I’m reading now. Listen! She is singing. 语法巩固练习 一、单项选择 1. — Where is Tom? — He ______ basketball on the playground. A. plays B. is playing C. played D. will play 【答案】B 【解析】问句询问 Tom 现在在哪里，答句描述他正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时 is playing。 2. Listen! The birds ______ in the tree. A. sing B. are singing C. sang D. were singing 【答案】B 【解析】提示词 Listen! 是现在进行时的标志词，表示动作正在发生，故用 are singing。 3. Please be quiet. The students ______ an important exam in the classroom. A. have B. are having C. had D. will have 【答案】B 【解析】"Please be quiet."（请安静）暗示动作正在进行，学生们正在考试，应用现在进行时 are having。 4. — Is your mother cooking dinner now? — No, she ______. She is washing clothes. A. isn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't 【答案】A 【解析】现在进行时的一般疑问句否定回答用 No, 主语 + isn't/aren't。主语 she 搭配 isn't。 5. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ soon. A. rains B. is raining C. is going to rain D. rained 【答案】B 【解析】提示词 Look at 表示正在观察到的情景，但"即将下雨"用现在进行时可以表示按计划或迹象即将发生的动作，此处 is raining 表示根据乌云判断雨马上就要下了（也可用 is going to rain 表预测，但选项 B 更符合"看乌云"这一即时情景）。 6. — Why are you in such a hurry? — Because the bus ______. I don't want to miss it. A. comes B. is coming C. came D. will come 【答案】B 【解析】某些表示位移的动词（come, go, leave, arrive 等）可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。句中"公交车要来了"用 is coming。 7. My little brother ______ TV when I got home yesterday. A. watches B. is watching C. was watching D. watched 【答案】C 【解析】时间状语从句 "when I got home yesterday" 表示过去某一时刻，主句动作正在进行，应用过去进行时 was watching（现在进行时的过去形式）。 8. — ______ your parents ______ for a walk now? — Yes, they are. A. Do; go B. Are; going C. Did; go D. Will; go 【答案】B 【解析】答句 "Yes, they are." 提示问句是以 Are 开头的一般疑问句，现在进行时结构为 Are + 主语 + doing? 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。 1. Be careful! The baby __________ (sleep) in the bedroom. 【答案】is sleeping 【解析】"Be careful!" 提示动作正在进行，主语 the baby 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 2. — What are you doing? — I __________ (write) an email to my pen pal. 【答案】am writing 【解析】问句用现在进行时，答句也应使用现在进行时，主语 I 搭配 am。 3. It's 8 o'clock now. The Smiths __________ (have) breakfast at the table. 【答案】are having 【解析】具体时间 "It's 8 o'clock now" 提示动作正在进行，The Smiths 表示"史密斯一家人"，为复数概念，be 动词用 are。 4. Look! The children __________ (run) after a cute dog in the garden. 【答案】are running 【解析】"Look!" 是现在进行时的标志词，主语 the children 为复数，be 动词用 are；run 的现在分词需双写 n 加 ing。 5. — Where is Jim? — He __________ (not read) in the library. He __________ (play) chess with his classmates. 【答案】isn't reading; is playing 【解析】第一空否定现在进行时，主语 He 用 isn't reading；第二空描述正在进行的另一动作，用 is playing。 三.按要求完成下列句子。 1. They are watching a football match on TV.（改为否定句） 【答案】They aren't watching a football match on TV. 【解析】现在进行时的否定句在 be 动词后加 not，are not 缩写为 aren't。 2. Linda is doing her homework in her room.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） 【答案】— Is Linda doing her homework in her room? — Yes, she is. 【解析】现在进行时变一般疑问句，将 be 动词 is 提到句首；肯定回答用 "Yes, 主语 + is."。 3. The boys are playing basketball on the playground.（对划线部分提问） 【答案】What are the boys doing on the playground? 【解析】对正在进行的动作提问用 What + be + 主语 + doing? 4. My father is reading newspapers in the study.（对划线部分提问） 【答案】Where is your father reading newspapers? 【解析】对地点提问用 Where，将 be 动词 is 提到主语前，第一人称 my 改为第二人称 your。 5. Are the students having an English class?（用 now 改写，保持句意不变） 【答案】The students are having an English class now. 【解析】将一般疑问句改为陈述句，now 置于句末；主语 the students 为复数，be 动词用 are，语序调整为"主语 + be + doing"。 1、 单元写作主题 1. 单元主题：本单元围绕 "此时此地"（Here and Now） 展开，核心话题为 "描述正在发生的事情"。通过本单元的学习，学生需要能够运用现在进行时描述人物在特定时间、特定地点正在进行的活动。 2. 写作类型：记叙文/场景描写：描述某人或某群人正在做的事情。 3. 核心语法：现在进行时：am/is/are + doing 4. 时间表达：at the moment, right now, at present, now, It's + 时间点 5. 写作要点：准确使用现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；合理运用时间状语和地点状语；注意动词-ing形式的正确变化规则；适当使用连接词使文章连贯（and, but, some...others...） 2、 写作思路提示 思路一：描述家人/朋友的活动（"总—分—总"结构） 开头段：点明时间、地点、人物 It's + 时间. + 人物 + are all at + 地点. 中间段：逐一描述每个人正在做的事 sb. is/are doing... / sb. is/are + 活动 + while sb. is/are + 活动 结尾段：总结感受或心情 They are all having a good time. / What a happy family! 思路二：描述不同地方人们的生活（时区对比） 开头段：引出主题：同一时刻，不同地方 What is happening around the world right now? 中间段：分述不同城市/地点的人们正在做的事 In + 地点, it's + 时间. People are doing... 结尾段：总结感受 It's amazing that people are doing different things at the same time. 3、 佳句积累 【开头段】 1. It's seven o'clock in the evening, and my family are all at home. 现在是晚上七点，我的家人都在家。 2. Now it's ten o'clock in the morning, and I'm at People's Park. 现在是上午十点，我在人民公园。 3. What is happening in different time zones around the world right now? 此刻，世界上不同的时区正在发生什么呢？ 4. Look! The sun is shining brightly, and the birds are singing in the trees. 看！阳光明媚，鸟儿在树上唱歌。 5. It's Sunday today, and people are doing different things in the community. 今天是周日，人们在社区里做着不同的事情。 6. The clock says 8 p.m. It's time to see what my classmates are doing. 时钟显示晚上8点。是时候看看我的同学们在做什么了。 【中间段】 1. My father is reading a newspaper on the sofa while my mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 我爸爸正在沙发上看报纸，而我妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 2. My little sister is playing games in her room, and she is laughing happily. 我的小妹妹正在房间里玩游戏，她笑得很开心。 3. Some people are rushing to get home from work, but others are not in a hurry. 有些人正赶着下班回家，但另一些人不着急。 4. They are enjoying the city at night. Lights are shining brightly across the city. 他们正在享受夜晚的城市。整座城市灯火辉煌。 5. Many people are working hard in their offices, and some are shopping for gifts in the markets. 许多人正在办公室里辛勤工作，还有一些人正在市场里购买礼物。 6. On the left, some children are flying kites. On the right, some old people are doing tai chi. 在左边，一些孩子正在放风筝。在右边，一些老人正在打太极。 7. Near the lake, a group of students are drawing pictures. Under the tree, a girl is reading a book. 在湖边，一群学生正在画画。在树下，一个女孩正在看书。 8. The yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers. The subway is crowded with people. 黄色的出租车正在接送乘客。地铁里挤满了人。 9. Some people are jogging, walking, and riding bikes in the park. 一些人在公园里慢跑、散步和骑自行车。 10. My grandparents are watching TV in the living room. They are watching a dragon boat race. 我的爷爷奶奶正在客厅看电视。他们正在看龙舟比赛。 11. In Nairobi, many others are walking in the parks and looking at elephants and giraffes. 在内罗毕，还有许多人在公园里散步，观赏大象和长颈鹿。 12. People are eating delicious food, such as hot pot and noodles. 人们正在品尝美食，比如火锅和面条。 【结尾段】 1. They are all having a good time. What a happy family! 他们都玩得很开心。多么幸福的一家人啊！ 2. Everyone is enjoying themselves in this beautiful park. 每个人都在这个美丽的公园里玩得很开心。 3. It's amazing that people around the world are doing different things at the same time. 世界各地的人们在同一时刻做着不同的事情，这太神奇了。 4. Living in a global village, we should think like a global citizen. 生活在地球村，我们应该像一个全球公民一样思考。 5. What a lively and wonderful scene! I love this moment. 多么生动美好的场景啊！我喜欢这一刻。 6. Although we are in different places, we are sharing this beautiful world together. 尽管我们在不同的地方，但我们一起分享这个美丽的世界。 四、句子练习 1. 看！那些孩子正在操场上打篮球。 【答案】 Look! Those children are playing basketball on the playground. 2. 请不要大声说话。婴儿正在房间里睡觉。 【答案】Please don't speak loudly. The baby is sleeping in the room. 3. — 你爸爸正在做什么？ — 他正在客厅看报纸。 【答案】— What is your father doing? — He is reading newspapers in the living room. 4. 现在是晚上七点。我的家人都在家。我爸爸正在沙发上看书，而我妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 【答案】 It's seven o'clock in the evening. My family are all at home. My father is reading books on the sofa while my mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 5. 那些学生不在教室里上课。他们正在操场上踢足球。 【答案】Those students aren't having classes in the classroom. They are playing football on the playground. 6. 听！谁正在隔壁房间唱歌？ 【答案】Listen! Who is singing in the next room? 7. 我们现在不能出去。外面正在下大雨。 【答案】We can't go out now. It is raining heavily outside. 8. 请稍等。我正在给你查电话号码。 【答案】Please hold on. I'm looking up the telephone number for you. 9. 现在是伦敦时间下午三点。许多人正在咖啡馆里喝下午茶。 【答案】It's three o'clock in the afternoon in London. Many people are drinking afternoon tea in cafes. 10. 看这张照片！人们正在享受这座城市美丽的夜晚。整座城市灯火辉煌。 【答案】Look at this photo! People are enjoying the beautiful night of the city. Lights are shining brightly across the city. 五、写作范文 假如你是李华，正在南京度假。现在是上午十点，你正在公园漫步。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍你的所见所闻。 要求：（1）语句通顺，表达准确；（2）不少于60词。 初级范文 高分范文 My name is Li Hua. I'm taking a holiday in Nanjing. It's 10 o'clock on Sunday morning. I am walking in the park. There are many people in the park. ① Some visitors are walking around. They are enjoying the nice sights here.   ② Some are taking photos and sharing them with their friends on WeChat. There are some children in the park too. They are flying kites. Some old people are singing and dancing under the big trees. ③ They are very happy. Everyone is having a good time. I like the relaxing life here. My name is Li Hua. I'm taking a holiday in Nanjing. It's 10 o'clock on Sunday morning. I am walking in the park. There are many people in the park. ①Some visitors are walking around the park, enjoying the nice sights here.（使用 v.-ing形式作伴随状语升格）②Some are busy taking photos and sharing them with their friends on WeChat.（使用 be busy doing 结构升格） There are some children in the park too. They are flying kites. Some old people are singing and dancing under the big trees. ③How happy they are!（使用感叹句升格） Everyone is having a good time. I like the relaxing life here. 名师指导： 一、高分范文中，①使用v.-ing形式作伴随状语升格，使文章句式丰富；②使用be busy doing 结构升格，使文章句式不单调，增加层次感；③使用感叹句升格，增强了语气，提升表达效果。 二、两篇范文都正确使用了现在进行时来描述正在做的事情。文章条理清晰，包含了全部要点。 六、实战演练 假设你是Simon，你校正在举办体艺节（The Sports and Art Festival），同学们正在积极参加各种各样的活动。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一篇短文描述你们的活动。 注意： (1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 (3)语句连贯，词数70左右。作文开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Our school is holding the Sports and Art Festival now. 【答案】 Our school is holding the Sports and Art Festival now. Itˈs 3:00 p. m. and students are all in the playground at the moment. Most students are doing different kinds of sports right now, such as running, jumping and playing volleyball. What about me? Iˈm kicking jianzi with my friends. There is also a great music show! Some girls are dancing and some boys are playing drums now. At the same time, some students are rushing to prepare for the show and others are watching this show excitedly. I love this festival, because everyone is having fun! Itˈs great to take part in this festival! 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Here and Now Unit 1 重点词汇 1. /raid/ v.骑 n.旅程 2. /'məumənt/ n.某个时刻；片刻；瞬间 3. /ˈdræɡən/ n.龙 4. /'festivl/ n.节日 5. /həuld/ v.拿着；抓住 6. /vɔɪs/ n.嗓音；声音 7. /reis/ n.比赛；竞赛 8. /ˈda: lɪŋ/ n.亲爱的；宝贝 9. /ˈsʌmbədi/ pron.某人；有人 10. /kʊd , kəd/ modal v.能；可以 11. /ˈmesɪdʒ/ n.消息；信息 12. /kik/ v.踢；踹 13. /waʊ/ interj.哇；呀 14. /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj.在线的 15. /ˈʃʌtlkɒk/ n.羽毛球 16. /saɪt/ n.名胜；风景；视力 17. /ɪɡˈzæm/ (=examination [ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn] ）n.考试 18. /həʊp/ v.＆n.希望 19. /ˈfɔ: wəd/ adv.向前 20. /skeɪt/ v.滑冰 21. /ˈhæpən/ v.发生 22. /zəʊn/ n.地区；地带；区域 23. /rʌʃ/ v.＆n.冲；奔 24. /ʃaɪn/ v.发光；照耀 n.光亮 25. /ˈbraɪtli/ adv.明亮地 26. /ˈkʌləfl/ adj.色彩鲜艳的 27. /ˈsləʊli/ adv.缓慢地 28. /sʌtʃ/ adj.这样的；那样的 pron.这样（那样）的人或事物 29. /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ n.绘画作品；绘画；油画 30. /ˈmɑ:kɪt/ n.市场 31. /saɪd/ n.边；侧 32. /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n.地铁 33. /braɪt/ adj.鲜艳的；明亮的；聪明的 34. /drɒp/ v. 把......送至；落下n.滴；下降 35. /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ n.乘客 36. /ˈsentrəl/ adj.中心的；中央的 37. /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v.解释；说明 38. /tʊə(r)/ n.＆v.旅行；旅游 39. /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n.阳光 40. /draɪv/ v.开车；驾驶 重点短语 1. 此时此地 2. 骑自行车 3. = 洗碗 4. 现在；立刻 5. 现在；此刻 6. 做；从事 7. 度假 8. 为......做...... 9. 别挂断电话；等一等 10. 看赛龙舟比赛 11. 为......做准备 12. 关心；在乎 13. 接电话 14. 捎个口信 15. 留个口信 16. 回电话 17. 上网络课 18. 写信给某人 19. 盼望 20. 领某人看所有的风景 21. 时区 22. 世界各地 23. 着急做某事 24. 匆忙 25. 例如 26. 并排；并肩地 27. 接某人 28. （开车）把某人送到某处 29. 向某人解释某事 30. 参加 31. 买某物给某人 32. （上下班时的）交通高峰期 33. 看一看 34. 一组 35. 在垫子上 重点句型 1. What people ? 是什么让人们聚在一起。 2.—What you right now/at the moment? 你现在在做什么？ —I’m my homework. 我正在做作业。 3. —Do you want to play volleyball at the sports park? 你想在运动公园打排球吗？ —Of course/I’d love to, but I’m something important. 当然/我想去，但是我正在做一些重要的事情。 4. you them for the Dragon Boat Festival? 5. —Is Mum too？Is she better？ 妈妈也在吗？她感觉好些了吗？ —Yes, her cold is . She’s gardening. . Here’s Mum. 在，她的感冒好了。她在打理花园。别挂断电话。妈妈来了。 6. Can I ? 我可以捎个口信吗？ 7. Would you like to a message? 你想留个口信吗？ 8. Could you tell him/her to me ? 你能让他/她给我回电话吗？ 9. I’m you soon! 我盼望着能快点见到你。 10. How do we our lives others? 我们如何与他人分享我们的生活？ 11. What is happening in different around the world right now？现在世界各地不同时区正在发生什么？ 12．Lights are across the city and colourful boats are moving slowly the river. 灯光明亮地照耀着整个城市，五颜六色的船只正慢慢地顺流而下。 13. In the city, people live with many wonderful animals. 14. It’s early, but the city is ! 时间还早，但城市越来越忙了！ 15．Bright yellow taxis are and passengers. 亮黄色出租车正在接送乘客。 16．Can you the time is different in each city at the same moment？ 你能解释一下为什么每个城市在同一时刻的时间是不同的吗？ 17. I’m to work today, but it’s a long time because it’s . 我今天要开车上班，但是由于是交通高峰期，要花很长时间。 18. in a global village, we should think like a . 生活在地球村，我们应该像全球公民一样思考。 语言目标 掌握现在进行时的用法 【知识点1】 How many of his friends are free to do the activity? 他的朋友中有多少人有空做这项活动？ 【详解】(1) how many多少 　　 how many of... ······中有多少 例句：How many of your classmates like playing basketball?　你的同学中有多少人喜欢打篮球? （2）free空闲的，形容词，意为“空闲的”。其反义词是busy。 例句：I am not free today. I’m busy. 我今天没有空。我很忙。 for free 免费地 【拓展】 ①free作形容词，意为“免费的” 例句：This is a free school. 这是一所免费的学校。 搭配：in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间 ②free作形容词，意为“自由的” 　搭配：be free to do sth 随意做某事 例句：He is free to come and go. 他来去自由。 ③free作动词，意为“解救，使...自由” free from / free of 免于…… 例句： 【典例】 1. —Will you be ______ this Saturday afternoon? I’d like to discuss the plan with you. —Sure. And the coffee in the new coffee shop is ______, so we can chat there. A. free; freely B. freely; free C. free; free D. freely; freely 2.After the successful operation, the old man is ______ pain at last and can sleep well. A. free from B. come from C. far from D. away from 【知识点2】 He is watching a film. 他正在看电影。 【详解】 watch a film 意为“看电影”。watch 在句中用作及物动词，意为“看，观看”。 常用于“看电视，看录像，看戏，看比赛”，相当于see a film, watch a movie, go to the movies/cinema 例句：I often watch TV in the evening. 我晚上经常看电视。 常用句型： （1）watch sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事。 （2）watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。 （3）watch还可用作可数名词，意为“手表”。 【拓展】辨析read，look，see与watch 1）watch 意为“观看、注视”。指长时间看某一活动的场面，如：看电视、比赛、表演、赏月等。 2）look 强调发出看的动作，不注重结果。是一个不及物动词，带宾语时加at。 例句：Look. There is a boy under the tree. 看，树下有一个男孩。 Please look at the blackboard. 请看黑板。 3）see 强调“看”的结果。指看见还是没看见。 也指看电影（see a comedy）、看病（see a doctor） 例句：I can see some birds in the tree. 我能看见树上有一些鸟。 4）read 意为“看、读”。其宾语常是有文字的“书、报、杂志”等。如： He is reading a book. 他正在看书。 【典例】 1. —What are you doing, Tom? —I'm ______ a novel. And my sister is ______ a movie on her iPad. A. reading; watching B. looking; seeing C. seeing; looking D. watching; reading 2. ______! There is a lovely bird in that tree. Can you ______ it? A. See; look B. Look; see C. Watch; look D. Look; watch 3. I watched my little brother ______ his homework carefully when I entered the room. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does 【知识点3】 I’d love to，but I’m working on something important. 我想去，但是我正在做一些重要的事情。 【详解1】 此句型常用来回答对方的礼貌邀请或表达自己的意愿，语气非常委婉。此处’d为would的缩写。 例句：—Do you want to go to the movies with me? —I’d love to. 【拓展】 1. would like/love sth. “想要……” 例如：I would like a cup of tea. 1. would love to do sth.=would like to do sth. “想要做某事” 例句： Linda would like you to help her. 1. 想对方提出有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望等时，常用Would you like……？ 例句：—Sir, would you like some tea? 或 Sir, would you like to drink some coffee? —Yes,I’d like to. 【详解2】 something important意为“一些重要的事情”，something 为复合不定代词，多用于肯定句或表示建议及请求的疑问句中；形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置。 【典例】 1.—What would you like ______ this weekend? —I’d like ______ a picnic with my family in the countryside. A. do; to have B. doing; having C. to do; having D. to do; to have 2.—Would you like to go to the concert with us tonight? —______. But I have to finish my science report first. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't m C. I'd love to D. I don't think so 【知识点4】 Hold on. 别挂断电话；等一等 This is..speaking. 我是...... 【详解1】 hold on 的用法： 1. 用于打电话时，叫对方不要挂断电话，意为：等一下；别挂断：别放下筒。 例句：Hold on a minute，I' ll just get a pen. 等一下，我去找支钢笔来。 2. 用作电话用语以外的其它情况，叫对方等一下，意为：等一下。 例句：Hold on. I'm not ready yet. 等等，我还没有准备好。 Hold on. I can't hear what you are saying. 等一等，我没听清你的话。 3. 叫对方坚持下去，不要放弃。意为：坚持下去，继续下去 例句：Hold on ,everything will be all right. 坚持下去，一切都会好的。 4. 表示：抓紧。 例句：Hold on to my hand when we cross the street. 过马路的时候，你要抓紧我的手。 【详解2】 This is..speaking. 是打电话的常用语，相当于"Hello? This is Jenny speaking.". “This is ... ”是打电话时介绍自己的常用句型，意为“我是 ......”。打电话时，一般用 this 代表“我” ，用that代表“对方”，而不用 I 和 you。询问对方是谁用“ Who’s that?”。 Hello, this is Kate. Who’s that? 你好，我是凯特。你是谁? 【拓展】 打电话常用语小结： (1)“打电话找某人”的常用句型： May/Can/Could I speak to ... (please)? 请让 ……接电话好吗? (2)“打电话介绍自己”的句型： This is ... ( speaking). 我是 …… Speaking. 我就是。 (3)“询问对方是谁”的句型： Is that ... (speaking)? 你是……吗？ Who’s that (speaking)? 你是谁？ (4)其他用语： Hold on, please. 请别挂断。 Wait a moment/minute, please. 请稍等。 Can/May/Should I take a message? 要我记个留言吗？ 【典例】 1. — Hello, may I speak to Mr. Green? — ______, please. I'll see if he's available. A. Hold on B. Come on C. Go on D. Keep on 2.— ______? — This is Jenny speaking. A. Who are you B. Who is it C. Who's speaking D. Who do you speak 3.— Is that Tom? — ______. He has gone out for lunch. A. Yes, he is B. No, this isn't C. Sorry, he isn't D. No, he doesn't 4. — Could I leave a message for Mary? — Sure. ______ A. I'll tell her B. Go ahead C. Speak it D. Say it 【知识点5】 It’s great to hear your voice！ 听到你的声音真好！ 【详解】voice名词，意为“声音，嗓音”。 常用短语：in a low/loud voice，意为“低声/大声地” 例句： We talked in a low voice because the baby was sleeping. 因为婴儿在睡觉，我们小声说话。 【拓展】辨析：voice，noise，sound voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在的嗓音不好。 noise 意为＂噪声，喧闹声＂，指不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂声、噪声。make noise 制造噪音 I can’t stand the noise outside. 我无法忍受外面的噪音。 sound 的含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音，有意义或无意义的声音。 There’s no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有发出声音。 【典例】 1.I could hear strange ______ coming from the empty house at midnight. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. shout 2.The children were making too much ______ in the library, so the librarian asked them to be quiet. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. cry 【知识点6】 Hao Yi and I are making zongzi and watching dragon boat races on TV. 郝毅和我正在边做粽子边在电视上看龙舟赛。 【详解】 race可数名词，意为“竞赛”。 【拓展】辨析：race与game race 指赛跑、速度方面的比赛，如赛车、赛马等。 a horse race 赛马 a 10-mile race 10英里赛跑 game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则，凡参加者均需遵守，多用于美式英语。英式英语则用match，此时game与match可以互换。 a football game/match 足球赛 a basketball game/match 篮球赛 用作复数形式，一般指大型的国际体育运动会或学校的游戏课、体育课。 the Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会 【典例】 1.Our school will hold a basketball ______ against the team from No. 2 Middle School next Friday. A. race B. game C. run D. speed 【知识点7】 Can I take a message for him? 我可以捎个口信吗？ 【详解】 message用作可数名词，表示“信息、消息” 常用搭配： （1）take a message意为“捎口信、传话” （2）take a message for sb.“为某人捎口信” （3）leave a message意为“留口信” （4）send a message“发送信息” （5）give sb. a message “捎信给某人” 【拓展】 辨析news, information,message news 不可数名词 意为“信息；新闻”，指公众感兴趣的近来发生的事件，尤其是通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等报道的事件。 如：a piece of news 一则新闻 information 不可数名词 意为“信息”，常指通过学习、阅读、查询等方式获得的。 message 可数名词 一般指口头传递或书写的“音信”。 例句：We often listen to the morning news. 我们常常收听早间新闻。 I have some information about the exam. 我有一些关于这次考试的信息。 Can I take a message for him? 能给他捎个信吗？ 【典例】 1.I need to collect more ______ about this university before I decide to apply for it. A. news B. information C. message D. notice 2.—Please tell your mother I called, and ask her to call me back. It's urgent. — OK, I'll give her the ______ right away. A. news B. information C. message D. word 【知识点8】 Could you tell him/her to call me back? 你能让他/她给我回电话吗？ 【详解1】此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼貌地请求或请求允许做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。 Could you (please) …?“你做……好吗？”表示有礼貌地提出请求或建议，希望得到肯定回答和认可，后接动词原形。因此，句型中如有some，不用变成any。 例句： Could I watch TV? 我可以看电视吗? —Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？ —Sure. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。 【拓展】 1. 常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语 委婉请求：Could you please+do sth? Could you + do sth? Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to. /With pleasure. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but... 2. Could you please...? 句型的否定结构是在please后加not。 例句：Could you please not make noises? 请你不要制造噪音好吗？ 【典例】 1.— Could you ask Mr. Wang to call me back? — ______ A. I'm afraid I can't. B. Sure, I'll tell him. C. No, he isn't here. D. Why do you ask? 2.— I'm afraid Mrs. Green isn't in. Can I take a message? — ______ A. Yes, you can take it. B. No, thanks. I'll call back later. C. Why isn't she in? D. Who are you? 【详解2】tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事。 例句：My mother told me not to watch TV before I finish homework. 在没做完作业之前，我妈妈告诉我不让我看电视。 ③call (sb.) back意为“（给某人）回电话”，其中call意为“打电话”， 还可作为名词，构成短语give sb. a call“给某人打电话”。 例句：I’ll call (you) back. 我将（给你）回电话。 【拓展】 call还可意为“称呼，给……命名，把……叫做”。 例句：We call the pet dog Dingding. 我们给这只宠物狗起名为叮叮。 【典例】 1.My mother often tells me ______ too much time on computer games. A. not to spend B. don't spend C. to not spend D. not spend 2.— I called you yesterday afternoon, but nobody answered. — Sorry, I was out. Why didn't you ______? A. call up B. call back C. call for D. call in 【知识点9】 My uncle is showing us all the sights.我叔正带我们参观所有的名胜。 【详解】show用作及物动词，意为“给……看，展示”，表示这一意思时，可用于两个结构， 即：show sb sth或show sth to sb。 例句：Please show me your English book. =Please show your English book to me. 请将你的英语书给我看看。 【拓展】 ①show用作可数名词，意为“（电视或广播的）节目”，talk shows意为“访谈节目”。 例句：He is a talk show host. 他是一名访谈节目的主持人。 What’s your favourite TV show? 你最喜爱的电视节目是什么？ ②show用作名词，还可意为“表演，展览”。 on show意为“在展出，在展览中”。 例句：There is a flower show in the park. 公园里有一个花展。 My paintings are on show in Beijing this month. 我的画本月在北京展出。 【典例】 1.Could you please ______ your collection of stamps ______ me? I'd love to see them. A. show; to B. show; for C. take; to D. bring; for 2.Yesterday the guide ______ us ______ the old town and told us many interesting stories about it. A. showed; around B. showed; off C. looked; around D. took; off 【知识点10】 I hope it is all going well! 我希望一切顺利！ 【详解】 hope 意为希望；期望 用法： hope to do sth 意为希望做某事。 hope + (that)从句 希望…… ，常表示可以实现的愿望 例句： I hope to see my pen pal, Lucy. =I hope (that) I can see my pen pal, Lucy. 我希望见到我的笔友露西。 【拓展】 ①wish sb. sth. 希望某人…… ，表示祝愿 ②wish to do sth. 希望做某事 ③wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 ④wish +（that）从句 希望……，常表示不可能实现或实现的可能性较小的愿望 ⑤hope和wish都可作名词，但hope意为＂希望＂；wish意为＂愿望；心愿；祝愿＂。 【注意】 hope后可接不定式作宾语，但不能接复合宾语。即我们可以表达为：hope to do sth，但不可以表达为hope sb to do sth。 【典例】 I ______ I could travel back in time and meet the great poet Li Bai. A. hope B. wish C. want D. expect 2.— Do you think our team will win the match tomorrow? — ______. We have practiced hard for it. A. I wish so B. I hope so C. I want so D. I expect so 3.— I hope you ______ good results in the final exam. — Thank you. I'll do my best. A. to get B. getting C. will get D. get 【知识点11】 I’m looking forward to seeing you soon! 我盼望着能快点见到你。 【详解】 look forward to 是一个固定的结构，表示“期待；期盼”，其中to是介词，因此后面若使用动词，要使用其-ing形式。 【拓展】辨析look forward to和expect look forward to 和 expect二者都可意为＂期待＂，区别如下： (1)look forward to指带着愉快的心情期待着某事的发生。 例句：The students are looking forward to their holiday. 学生们盼望着他们的假期。 (2)expect指确信某事必将发生，多用于好的事物，也可用于不好的事物。 例句：I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没有预料到会在这儿遇到你。 (3) forward adv. 意为“向前地”，修饰动词，在句中作状语。 例句：She hurried forward to meet him. 她急忙走上前去迎接他。 【典例】 1.We are all looking forward to ______ your good news. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear 【知识点12】 What is happening in different time zones around the world right now? 现在世界各地不同时区正在发生什么？ 【详解】 ①happen “发生” 是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。 常用句式: sth happened to sb 某人发生了什么事（常指不好的事） sth happened＋ 地点/时间，意为＂某地/某时发生了某事＂ 例句：What happened to him last year? 他昨天发生什么事情了？ An accident happened on Center Street. 事故发生在中心街。 ②happen v. 还意为“碰巧” sb happened to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 It happened that... 碰巧...... 例句： I happened to see my teacher in the supermarket.　我碰巧在在超市看到了我的老师。 It happens that Tom is here.　碰巧汤姆在这里。 【拓展】辨析happen/take place 相同点：都意为＂发生＂，都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。 不同点： happen指具体客观事件发生，有偶然性，未能预见。 take place尤指根据安排或计划发生，含有事先预料或计划的意思。 例句：When did the accident happen? 事故什么时候发生的？ When will the sports meeting take place? 运动会什么时候举行？ 【典例】 1.— I ______ meet my old friend Tom at the airport yesterday. What a coincidence! — Really? That's amazing. A. happened B. happened to C. was happened to D. was happening to 2.The 2026 Asian Games will ______ in Hangzhou. The city has been preparing for it for years. A. happen B. take place C. be happened D. be taken place 3.— Do you know what ______ to him yesterday? He looks painful. — He fell off his bike on his way home. A. was happened B. was taken place C. happened D. took place 【知识点13】 But others are not in a hurry! 但有一些人并不着急！ 【详解】 in a hurry 此处hurry用作名词，意为“匆忙，急忙”。hurry 还可以做动词，意为“赶快，匆忙”。副词是 hurriedly 意为“匆忙地”。 常用搭配：hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry= do sth. hurriedly 急忙做某事 例句: He hurried to finish his homework. = He finished his homework in a hurry. = He finished his homework hurriedly. 他急急忙忙地完成他的作业。 【拓展】hurry up赶快；急忙（做某事） 例句：Hurry up，or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 【典例】 1.— The movie will start in five minutes. ______, or we'll be late! — OK, I'm coming. A. Hurry up B. Be hurry C. In a hurry D. Hurry to 2.When I got to the station, I realized I had left my ticket at home, so I ______ back to get it. A. hurried B. was in a hurry C. hurried to D. was hurried 3. Jack hurried (catch) the bus. Because he got up too late. 【知识点14】 Some people are shopping for gifts, such as paintings and bags, in the markets. 一些人正在市场上购买礼物，比如油画和手提包。 【详解】such as “例如；诸如” 例句：Children like ball games, such as basketball, football and table tennis. 孩子们喜欢球类运动，例如篮球、足球和乒乓球。 【拓展】辨析：such as/for example such as 列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物作例。其后没有逗号，直接加所列举的内容。 for example 列举整体之中的一个为例，在句子中多用作插入语，用逗号与其前内容隔开，位置可以在句首、句中或句末。 【典例】 1.______, many cities in China have built smart public transport systems. Shanghai, for instance, has a very advanced metro network. A. Such as B. Like C. For example D. As 2.My grandfather enjoys traditional Chinese arts, ______ paper-cutting, calligraphy and Peking Opera. A. for example B. such as C. is like D. seem like 【知识点15】 Many people are rushing to the subway.许多人正冲向地铁。 【详解】rush 此处做动词，意为“冲，奔；急促”，表示动作很急促。 常用搭配： ①rush to+地点名词 冲向某地 ②rush to do sth 匆忙做某事 ③rush out of... 冲出...... 例句：He rushed home to tell his parents the good news. 他冲回家告诉他父母这个好消息。 He rushes out of the door without breakfast.　他没吃早餐就冲出了门。 【拓展】rush 还可以做名词，意为“匆忙；仓促” 　 短语：in a rush急匆匆（地） rush hour （上下班时的）交通高峰期 例句：He goes to work in a rush every day.　每天他都急匆匆地去上班。 【典例】 1.Don't ______ making such an important decision. You'd better think it over carefully. A. rush into B. rush to C. rush for D. rush in 2.I got up late this morning, so I was ______ and left my keys at home. A. on the rush B. in a rush C. with rush D. for a rush 【知识点16】 Our family are taking part in a boat tour right now. 现在我们一家人正参加乘船旅行。 【详解】take part in参加；通常指参加会议、旅行、比赛等活动，并在活动中发挥重要作用。 【拓展】join; join in和take part in 的辨析： join 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。 join的宾语一般是人、团体、组织等。 I joined the army in 1996 join in 指参加某项比赛或活动，常用于口语中，也可用于join sb in (doing) sth 意为“加入……（做）……”。 May I join in the football match? take part in 指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与join in互换。 I'd like to take part in the sports meeting.　我想参加运动会。 【典例】 1.My uncle decided to ______ the army after he graduated from high school. A. join in B. take part in C. join D. attend 2.Everyone was encouraged to ______ the volunteer activities to protect the environment. A. join B. join in C. take part in D. enter 3.— When did you ______ the English club? — Last month. And next week I'll ______ the English speech contest. A. join; take part in B. join in; join C. take part in; join D. join; join in 4.— We're going to play basketball after school. Would you like to ______ us? — Sure. And I hope more classmates can ______ the game. A. take part in; join B. join; join in C. join in; take part in D. join; take part in 现在进行时 1. 定义 现在进行时态表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作；还可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 例如：The students are listening to the teacher. He is watching TV now. We are working on a farm these days . I am writing a book this month. 2. 结构 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+现在分词+其他. 否定句：主语+am not/is not/are not/isn’t/aren’t+现在分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ am/is/ are. 否定回答：No, 主语+ am not/isn’t/ aren’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+现在分词+其他? 例如：肯定式：I am singing. She is dancing. He is listening. They are watching TV. 否定式：I am not singing. She is not dancing. He is not listening. They are not watching TV. 一般疑问句及回答：—Are you singing? —Yes, I am./No, I’m not. —Is she dancing? —Yes, she is./No, she isn’t. —Is he listening? —Yes, he is./No, he isn’t. —Are they watching TV? —Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 特殊疑问句：What are you doing? What is he/she doing? What are they doing? 3. 现在分词v-ing的构成： 一般情况直接在动词原形后+ing go ask going asking 以不发音字母e结尾的单词，去e,+ ing write take close writing taking closing 以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写末尾字母+ing get run swim put getting running swimming putting 【注意】以 “ie”结尾，要变“ie”为“y”,再加-ing.如：die—dying(死）lie—lying(平躺） 4. 常与现在进行时态连用的词：now现在，listen听，look看等。 例如：What are you doing now? I’m reading now. Listen! She is singing. 语法巩固练习 一、单项选择 1. — Where is Tom? — He ______ basketball on the playground. A. plays B. is playing C. played D. will play 2. Listen! The birds ______ in the tree. A. sing B. are singing C. sang D. were singing 3. Please be quiet. The students ______ an important exam in the classroom. A. have B. are having C. had D. will have 4. — Is your mother cooking dinner now? — No, she ______. She is washing clothes. A. isn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't 5. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ soon. A. rains B. is raining C. is going to rain D. rained 6. — Why are you in such a hurry? — Because the bus ______. I don't want to miss it. A. comes B. is coming C. came D. will come 7. My little brother ______ TV when I got home yesterday. A. watches B. is watching C. was watching D. watched 8. — ______ your parents ______ for a walk now? — Yes, they are. A. Do; go B. Are; going C. Did; go D. Will; go 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。 1. Be careful! The baby __________ (sleep) in the bedroom. 2. — What are you doing? — I __________ (write) an email to my pen pal. 3. It's 8 o'clock now. The Smiths __________ (have) breakfast at the table. 4. Look! The children __________ (run) after a cute dog in the garden. 5. — Where is Jim? — He __________ (not read) in the library. He __________ (play) chess with his classmates. 三.按要求完成下列句子。 1. They are watching a football match on TV.（改为否定句） 2. Linda is doing her homework in her room.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） 3. The boys are playing basketball on the playground.（对划线部分提问） 4. My father is reading newspapers in the study.（对划线部分提问） 5. Are the students having an English class?（用 now 改写，保持句意不变） 1、 单元写作主题 1. 单元主题：本单元围绕 "此时此地"（Here and Now） 展开，核心话题为 "描述正在发生的事情"。通过本单元的学习，学生需要能够运用现在进行时描述人物在特定时间、特定地点正在进行的活动。 2. 写作类型：记叙文/场景描写：描述某人或某群人正在做的事情。 3. 核心语法：现在进行时：am/is/are + doing 4. 时间表达：at the moment, right now, at present, now, It's + 时间点 5. 写作要点：准确使用现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；合理运用时间状语和地点状语；注意动词-ing形式的正确变化规则；适当使用连接词使文章连贯（and, but, some...others...） 2、 写作思路提示 思路一：描述家人/朋友的活动（"总—分—总"结构） 开头段：点明时间、地点、人物 It's + 时间. + 人物 + are all at + 地点. 中间段：逐一描述每个人正在做的事 sb. is/are doing... / sb. is/are + 活动 + while sb. is/are + 活动 结尾段：总结感受或心情 They are all having a good time. / What a happy family! 思路二：描述不同地方人们的生活（时区对比） 开头段：引出主题：同一时刻，不同地方 What is happening around the world right now? 中间段：分述不同城市/地点的人们正在做的事 In + 地点, it's + 时间. People are doing... 结尾段：总结感受 It's amazing that people are doing different things at the same time. 3、 佳句积累 【开头段】 1. It's seven o'clock in the evening, and my family are all at home. 现在是晚上七点，我的家人都在家。 2. Now it's ten o'clock in the morning, and I'm at People's Park. 现在是上午十点，我在人民公园。 3. What is happening in different time zones around the world right now? 此刻，世界上不同的时区正在发生什么呢？ 4. Look! The sun is shining brightly, and the birds are singing in the trees. 看！阳光明媚，鸟儿在树上唱歌。 5. It's Sunday today, and people are doing different things in the community. 今天是周日，人们在社区里做着不同的事情。 6. The clock says 8 p.m. It's time to see what my classmates are doing. 时钟显示晚上8点。是时候看看我的同学们在做什么了。 【中间段】 1. My father is reading a newspaper on the sofa while my mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 我爸爸正在沙发上看报纸，而我妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 2. My little sister is playing games in her room, and she is laughing happily. 我的小妹妹正在房间里玩游戏，她笑得很开心。 3. Some people are rushing to get home from work, but others are not in a hurry. 有些人正赶着下班回家，但另一些人不着急。 4. They are enjoying the city at night. Lights are shining brightly across the city. 他们正在享受夜晚的城市。整座城市灯火辉煌。 5. Many people are working hard in their offices, and some are shopping for gifts in the markets. 许多人正在办公室里辛勤工作，还有一些人正在市场里购买礼物。 6. On the left, some children are flying kites. On the right, some old people are doing tai chi. 在左边，一些孩子正在放风筝。在右边，一些老人正在打太极。 7. Near the lake, a group of students are drawing pictures. Under the tree, a girl is reading a book. 在湖边，一群学生正在画画。在树下，一个女孩正在看书。 8. The yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers. The subway is crowded with people. 黄色的出租车正在接送乘客。地铁里挤满了人。 9. Some people are jogging, walking, and riding bikes in the park. 一些人在公园里慢跑、散步和骑自行车。 10. My grandparents are watching TV in the living room. They are watching a dragon boat race. 我的爷爷奶奶正在客厅看电视。他们正在看龙舟比赛。 11. In Nairobi, many others are walking in the parks and looking at elephants and giraffes. 在内罗毕，还有许多人在公园里散步，观赏大象和长颈鹿。 12. People are eating delicious food, such as hot pot and noodles. 人们正在品尝美食，比如火锅和面条。 【结尾段】 1. They are all having a good time. What a happy family! 他们都玩得很开心。多么幸福的一家人啊！ 2. Everyone is enjoying themselves in this beautiful park. 每个人都在这个美丽的公园里玩得很开心。 3. It's amazing that people around the world are doing different things at the same time. 世界各地的人们在同一时刻做着不同的事情，这太神奇了。 4. Living in a global village, we should think like a global citizen. 生活在地球村，我们应该像一个全球公民一样思考。 5. What a lively and wonderful scene! I love this moment. 多么生动美好的场景啊！我喜欢这一刻。 6. Although we are in different places, we are sharing this beautiful world together. 尽管我们在不同的地方，但我们一起分享这个美丽的世界。 四、句子练习 1. 看！那些孩子正在操场上打篮球。 2. 请不要大声说话。婴儿正在房间里睡觉。 3. — 你爸爸正在做什么？ — 他正在客厅看报纸。 4. 现在是晚上七点。我的家人都在家。我爸爸正在沙发上看书，而我妈妈正在厨房做晚饭。 5. 那些学生不在教室里上课。他们正在操场上踢足球。 6. 听！谁正在隔壁房间唱歌？ 7. 我们现在不能出去。外面正在下大雨。 8. 请稍等。我正在给你查电话号码。 9. 现在是伦敦时间下午三点。许多人正在咖啡馆里喝下午茶。 10. 看这张照片！人们正在享受这座城市美丽的夜晚。整座城市灯火辉煌。 五、写作范文 假如你是李华，正在南京度假。现在是上午十点，你正在公园漫步。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍你的所见所闻。 要求：（1）语句通顺，表达准确；（2）不少于60词。 初级范文 高分范文 My name is Li Hua. I'm taking a holiday in Nanjing. It's 10 o'clock on Sunday morning. I am walking in the park. There are many people in the park. ① Some visitors are walking around. They are enjoying the nice sights here.   ② Some are taking photos and sharing them with their friends on WeChat. There are some children in the park too. They are flying kites. Some old people are singing and dancing under the big trees. ③ They are very happy. Everyone is having a good time. I like the relaxing life here. My name is Li Hua. I'm taking a holiday in Nanjing. It's 10 o'clock on Sunday morning. I am walking in the park. There are many people in the park. ①Some visitors are walking around the park, enjoying the nice sights here.（使用 v.-ing形式作伴随状语升格）②Some are busy taking photos and sharing them with their friends on WeChat.（使用 be busy doing 结构升格） There are some children in the park too. They are flying kites. Some old people are singing and dancing under the big trees. ③How happy they are!（使用感叹句升格） Everyone is having a good time. I like the relaxing life here. 名师指导： 一、高分范文中，①使用v.-ing形式作伴随状语升格，使文章句式丰富；②使用be busy doing 结构升格，使文章句式不单调，增加层次感；③使用感叹句升格，增强了语气，提升表达效果。 二、两篇范文都正确使用了现在进行时来描述正在做的事情。文章条理清晰，包含了全部要点。 六、实战演练 假设你是Simon，你校正在举办体艺节（The Sports and Art Festival），同学们正在积极参加各种各样的活动。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一篇短文描述你们的活动。 注意： (1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 (3)语句连贯，词数70左右。作文开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Our school is holding the Sports and Art Festival now. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $