Unit 2 语法讲解及习题：现在进行时与一般现在时的用法辨析 2025-2026学年鲁教版（五四学制）英语七年级上册

鲁教（五四制）英语七上Unit2语法讲解及习题 现在进行时与一般现在时的用法辨析 一、核心语法详细讲解 （一）现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense) 本单元是对Unit1现在进行时的拓展，核心用于描述此时此刻正在发生的动作/状态，贴合“实时描述天气和当下的活动”的单元场景。 1. 基本构成：主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词(V-ing) I → am；单数主语(he/she/it/单数名词) → is；复数主语(we/you/they/复数名词) → are 2. 核心标志词：now, right now, at the moment, Look!, Listen!，也可通过语境判断（如电话交谈、实时天气描述） 3. 例句： It’s raining heavily outside. 外面正在下大雨。 They are building a snowman in the park now. 他们现在正在公园里堆雪人。 4. V-ing变化规则（回顾巩固）： 一般情况直接加-ing：play→playing, wind→winding 不发音e结尾去e加-ing：take→taking, make→making 重读闭音节双写辅音加-ing：run→running, swim→swimming ie变y加-ing：lie→lying （二）一般现在时(Simple Present Tense) 本单元中一般现在时主要用于描述习惯性、经常性的动作，客观事实/自然现象，按规律发生的事，常与天气、日常活动搭配。 1. 基本构成 主语类型 动词形式 否定/疑问形式 第一/二人称单复数、复数名词 动词原形 借助do（don’t/do not） 第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词) 动词第三人称单数(V-s/es) 借助does（doesn’t/does not） 2. V-s/es变化规则： 一般情况直接加-s：play→plays, rain→rains s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es：pass→passes, fix→fixes, watch→watches, wash→washes, go→goes 辅音+y结尾变y为i加-es：study→studies, fly→flies 元音+y结尾直接加-s：play→plays, stay→stays 3. 核心标志词：usually, often, always, sometimes, every day/week, in spring/winter，也可用于描述客观的天气规律、自然现象 4. 例句： It snows in the north of China in winter. 中国北方冬天会下雪。（客观规律） We usually stay in when it rains. 下雨时我们通常待在家里。（习惯性动作） The sun rises in the east every day. 太阳每天从东方升起。（自然现象） （三）两大时态核心辨析 结合单元“天气与活动”话题，核心区分 “当下正在做的事”和“通常/习惯性做的事”，关键看时间标志词和语境含义 ，以下为对比表： 维度 现在进行时 一般现在时 核心含义 此时此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 习惯性、经常性动作；客观事实/自然规律；按计划发生的事 时间标志 now, right now, at the moment, Look!, Listen! usually, often, always, sometimes, every…, in+季节 典型语境 描述此刻的天气（如It’s raining.）、此刻正在做的天气相关活动（如I’m sunbathing.） 描述某个季节的常规天气（如It rains a lot in spring.）、下雨/下雪时通常做的事（如He often reads books at home when it snows.） 句式对比 We are building a snowman outside now.（我们现在正在外面堆雪人） We usually build a snowman when it snows.（下雪时我们通常堆雪人） （四）两大时态同句连用 常由but连接，表达“通常做某事，但此刻正在做另一件事”，贴合单元电话交谈、描述活动的场景，例句： It’s cold outside, but we are playing football now.（外面很冷，但我们现在正在踢足球） She usually reads at home when it rains, but she is walking outside at the moment.（下雨时她通常在家看书，但此刻她正在外面散步） 二、习题 题型一：写出下列动词的现在分词和第三人称单数形式 1. rain 2. fly 3. stay 4. run 5. watch 6. make 7. go 8. swim 9. read 10. blow 题型二：用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. Look! The wind ____________ (blow) hard outside. It’s a windy day. 2. My father ____________ (usually drink) tea at home when it ____________ (rain). 3. —What ____________ you ____________ (do) at the moment? —I ____________ (look) at the weather report. 4. It ____________ (snow) a lot in Harbin in winter, but it ____________ (not snow) now. 5. The sun ____________ (rise) in the east and ____________ (set) in the west.（客观规律） 6. —Why ____________ she ____________ (wear) a coat today? —It’s cold outside, and it ____________ (wind) now. 7. People ____________ (often fly) kites in spring because the weather ____________ (be) usually windy. 8. Listen! It ____________ (rain) heavily. We have to stay at home. 9. He ____________ (not like) rainy days, so he ____________ (always stay) in on such days. 10. They ____________ (usually play) basketball after school, but today they ____________ (play) table tennis because it’s raining. 题型三：单项选择 1. —What’s the weather like in Beijing now? —It ______ and the ground is white. A. snows B. is snowing C. snow D. snowing 2. My mother ______ a walk after dinner every day, but today she ______ TV at home because it’s cold. A. takes; watches B. is taking; is watching C. takes; is watching D. is taking; watches 3. —______ it often ______ in Shanghai in summer? —Yes, it does. A. Do; rain B. Does; rain C. Is; raining D. Does; raining 4. Look! The children ______ kites in the park. The weather ______ so nice today. A. fly; is B. are flying; is C. fly; are D. are flying; are 5. He ______ basketball every afternoon, but he ______ now because he is ill. A. plays; isn’t playing B. is playing; doesn’t play C. plays; doesn’t play D. is playing; isn’t playing 6. —What ______ you usually ______ on sunny days? —I usually ______ to the park. A. do; do; go B. are; doing; go C. do; do; am going D. are; doing; am going 7. The weather report says it ______ tomorrow, but now it ______ sunny. A. rains; is B. will rain; is C. rains; is being D. will rain; is being 8. —Is your sister reading a book now? —No, she ______. She ______ music every day. A. isn’t; listen to B. doesn’t; listens to C. isn’t; listens to D. doesn’t; listen to 题型四：按要求改写句子 1. He usually plays football on sunny days.（改为现在进行时，提示：now） _____________________________________________________________________ 2. It is raining heavily outside.（改为一般现在时，提示：often in summer） _____________________________________________________________________ 3. They are building a snowman in the park now.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________________ 4. She usually stays at home when it snows.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5. The students are having a picnic because the weather is nice.（对画线部分提问） _____________________________________________________________________ 题型五：情景对话补全（ 每空一词 ） 1. A: Hello! How’s the weather in your city now? B: It ____________ ____________ (rain) hard. I ____________ ____________ (stay) at home. A: What do you usually do on rainy days? B: I usually ____________ (read) books or ____________ (watch) TV. 2. A: The weather is so nice today! What ____________ you ____________ (do) now? B: I ____________ ____________ (fly) a kite in the park with my friend. A: Do you often ____________ (fly) kites here? B: Yes, we do. We ____________ (always come) here on sunny days. 三、答案及详细解析 题型一：动词现在分词&第三人称单数 序号 动词 现在分词 (V-ing) 第三人称单数 (V-s/es) 解析 1 rain raining rains 一般情况直接加-ing/-s 2 fly flying flies 一般加-ing；辅音+y变i加-es 3 stay staying stays 一般加-ing；元音+y直接加-s 4 run running runs 重读闭音节双写n加-ing；一般加-s 5 watch watching watches 一般加-ing；ch结尾加-es 6 make making makes 去e加-ing；一般加-s 7 go going goes 一般加-ing；o结尾加-es 8 swim swimming swims 重读闭音节双写m加-ing；一般加-s 9 read reading reads 一般情况直接加-ing/-s 10 blow blowing blows 一般情况直接加-ing/-s 题型二：动词形式填空 1. is blowing 解析：Look!是现在进行时标志，主语the wind为单数，用is blowing。 2. usually drinks; rains 解析：usually是一般现在时标志，主语my father为三单，drink变drinks；when引导的从句表客观情况，it为三单，rain变rains。 3. are; doing; am looking 解析：at the moment是现在进行时标志，第二人称you用are doing；第一人称I用am looking。 4. snows; isn’t snowing 解析：in winter是一般现在时标志，it为三单，snow变snows；now是现在进行时标志，否定用isn’t snowing。 5. rises; sets 解析：描述自然客观规律，用一般现在时，the sun为三单，动词变三单形式。 6. is; wearing; is winding 解析：语境表“此刻正穿着外套”，用现在进行时is wearing；now标志此刻正在刮风，用is winding。 7. often fly; is 解析：often是一般现在时标志，people为复数，用动词原形fly；the weather为单数，be动词用is。 8. is raining 解析：Listen!是现在进行时标志，it为单数，用is raining。 9. doesn’t like; always stays 解析：表习惯性喜好，用一般现在时，he为三单，否定借助doesn’t，后接动词原形；always标志一般现在时，he为三单，stay变stays。 10. usually play; are playing 解析：usually是一般现在时标志，they为复数，用play；but表转折，today此刻的动作用现在进行时are playing。 题型三：单项选择 1. B 解析：now标志此刻的天气，用现在进行时is snowing。 2. C 解析：every day标志习惯性动作，用一般现在时takes（my mother三单）；but转折，today此刻的动作用现在进行时is watching。 3. B 解析：often是一般现在时标志，it为三单，一般疑问句借助Does，后接动词原形rain。 4. B 解析：Look!标志现在进行时，the children为复数，用are flying；the weather为单数，be动词用is。 5. A 解析：every afternoon标志一般现在时，he为三单，用plays；now标志现在进行时，否定用isn’t playing。 6. A 解析：usually是一般现在时标志，you为第二人称，一般疑问句借助do，后接动词原形do；答句一般现在时，I用动词原形go。 7. B 解析：tomorrow表将来，用will rain；now表此刻的状态，用一般现在时is（sunny为形容词，be动词表状态，不用进行时）。 8. C 解析：now标志现在进行时，一般疑问句的否定回答用isn’t；every day标志一般现在时，she为三单，listen to变listens to。 题型四：改写句子 1. He is playing football now. 解析：改为现在进行时，添加标志词now，结构为is+playing（he为三单）。 2. It often rains heavily in summer. 解析：改为一般现在时，添加标志词often in summer，it为三单，rain变rains，去掉is。 3. They are not building a snowman in the park now. 解析：现在进行时的否定句，直接在be动词are后加not。 4. —Does she usually stay at home when it snows? —No, she doesn’t. 解析：一般现在时，she为三单，一般疑问句借助Does提至句首，后接动词原形stay；否定回答用No, she doesn’t. 5. What are the students doing because the weather is nice? 解析：对现在进行时的动作提问，用What+are+主语+doing？ 题型五：情景对话补全 1. is raining; am staying; read; watch 解析：now标志现在进行时，it用is raining，I用am staying；usually标志一般现在时，I后接动词原形read和watch。 2. are; doing; am flying; fly; always come 解析：now标志现在进行时，you用are doing，I用am flying；often/always标志一般现在时，you和we均为复数，后接动词原形fly和come。 四、单元语法核心总结 1. 两大时态核心区分：看时间标志词和动作含义，此刻正在做用现在进行时，通常/经常做/客观规律用一般现在时； 2. 三单考点：一般现在时中第三人称单数主语的动词变格是高频考点，需牢记V-s/es变化规则； 3. 同句连用：but连接两大时态是本单元难点，重点掌握“usually+一般现在时，but+now+现在进行时”的句式； 4. 天气话题固定搭配：描述天气时，it作形式主语，现在进行时表此刻天气（It’s raining.），一般现在时表季节/常规天气（It rains in spring.）。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $