Unit1-6语法讲练 2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 外研版八年级上册Unit1-6语法专项卷，融合语法精讲与分层练习，覆盖现在完成时、非谓语动词、过去进行时等核心语法点，适配单元复习，助力夯实语言基础，提升语法应用能力与思维辨析能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法专项练习|每单元20题，共120题|现在完成时（含for/since、短暂性动词转换）、非谓语动词（不定式/动名词作宾语、宾补、目的状语）、过去进行时（when/while/as辨析）|精讲与练习结合，基础题（选择/填空）巩固语法结构，能力题（如have been to/gone to辨析、被动语态中不定式to还原）强化语境应用，符合核心素养中语言能力与思维品质培养要求。|

26秋外研八上英语 · 语法精讲精练 Unit 1 – Unit 6 语法专项 卧 语法单元目录 Unit 1 This is me! — 现在完成时（一） Unit 2 Getting along — 现在完成时（二） Unit 3 Make it happen! — 动词不定式、动名词作宾语Unit 4 Digital life — 动词不定式作宾语补足语 Unit 5 Play by the rules — 动词不定式作目的状语Unit 6 When disaster strikes — 过去进行时 ( Unit 1 This is me ! — 现在完成时（一） ) 囚 语法精讲 定义： 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 ，也可以表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 结构： has/have + 过去分词 常用时间状语： since, for, so far, already, yet, just, recently, ever, never, twice, in the last/past few years, up to now 等。 用法详解： ① 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响： I have lost my key. （我现在进不去门了） ② 表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态： She has lived here for 10 years. （她现在还住在这里） ③ 表示到目前为止经历过的动作： I have been to Shanghai twice. already / yet / just 辨析： • already 用于肯定句 ，放助动词和过去分词之间 ，表示“ 已经”。 • yet 用于否定句或疑问句 ，放句末 ，表示“还； 已经”。 • just 表示“刚刚” ，放助动词和过去分词之间。 have been to / have gone to / have been in 辨析： • have been to 曾经去过（已回来） • have gone to 已经去了（不在这里） • have been in 待在 一段时间（常与for/since连用） 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时强调对现在的影响 ，一般过去时只描述过去的事实 ，不强调影响。 I have had breakfast. （现在不饿了） I had breakfast at 7. （仅陈述事实） 例句： I have already finished my homework. Have you finished your homework yet? She has just left. I have been to Beijing twice. She has gone to the library. They have been in China for 5 years.會 专项练习（共20题） ( 1. I my bedroom. It's so tidy now. A. have cleaned B. will clean C. am cleaning D. clean 2. —Have you ever to Beijing? —No, never. A. gone B. been C. went D. go 3. She here since 2015. A. worked B. has worked C. works D. will work 4. I'm sure that I her be fore. A. have seen B. saw C. will see D. is seeing ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 5. —We our homework. What about going out? —That's great. A. finished B. have finished C. will finish D. are finishing 6. — you ever to Chengdu? —No, never. A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Are; going 7. I think he ever visited th e island. A. /; hasn't B. don't; was C. don't; has D. do n't; will 8. Mike's parents are Germans, but he to Germany so far. A. never went B. never go C. has never been D. will never go 9. —Why won't you go to see the film? —Because I it twice. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 10. More than 500 students this test in the past few year s. A. have pasted B. have passed C. passed D. pass 11. So far, they (learn) to speak German, Fren ch and Chinese. 12. I (complete) my DIY project, so I can go walking with you. 13. Andy (eat ) his breakfast. Now he is not hungry. 14. The exam is coming, but Tom (not write) even a word yet. 15. Alice has (hide) her diary somewhere. 16. They have (build ) four factories in their hometown. 17. — you (have) breakfast yet? —Yes, I have. 18. We (plan) to visit the tower, but the weather stopped us. 19. I (be) to New York three times so far. 20. We (learn) all the new words. We need n't worry. ) ( Unit 2 Getting along — 现在完成时（二） ) 囚 语法精讲 核心用法： 与 for + 一段时间 或 since + 过去时间点/从句 连用 ，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在。 for 与 since 的区别： • for + 一段时间 （for 2 years, for a long time） • since + 过去时间点/从句 （since 2020, since I was a child） • 两者可互相转换： I've lived here since 3 years ago. = I've lived here for 3 years. 短暂性动词 → 持续性动词（必背！）： join → be a member of / be in | buy → have | borrow → keep leave → be away (from) | die → be dead | begin/start → be on come/arrive → be in/at | marry → be married | finish → be over fall asleep → be asleep | get up → be up | open → be open 易错点警示： x He has joined the army for 3 years. ✅ He has been in the army for 3 years. x I have bought this watch for 2 years. ✅ I have had this watch for 2 years. 例句： He has been a member of the club for 2 years. I have had this watch for 3 years. I have lived here since 2020. She has been away from home for 5 days.會 专项练习（共20题） ( 1. Alex's grandfather tea culture for ten years. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. was studying 2. —How long have you been in Qingdao? — five years ago. A. When B. While C. Since D . For 3. We in t his company twice since last year. A. worked B. have work C. have worked D. are working 4. Lily says she the book for ten days and must return it today. A. has borrowed B. borrowed C. has kept D. is going to borrow 5. —Why are you in a hurry? —Because the class for 10 minutes. A. is on B. begins C. has been on D. has begun ) ( 6. Daming a member of the club for two years. A. was B. is C. will be D. has been 7. My sister has been interested in painting she was 3. A. although B. because C. when D. since 8. I must return the camera because I it for 2 months. A. have borrowed B. have bought C. have lent D. have kept 9. —My mother Shanghai for 2 days. —Really? A. has been to B. has gone to C. has be en in D. has arrived in 10. —How long you this book? —For one week. A. have; kept B. have; borrowed C. do ; keep D. will; keep 11. His grandfather has (die) since two years ago. 12. It's five years since he (come) back from the USA. 13. I (join) the League for 5 years so far. 14. I (borrow) the magazine for two weeks. I'll return it tomorrow. 15. My grandparents have been (marry) for 50 years. 16. The shop (open) for t hree years. 17. He (be) a volunteer for two years. 18. I (have) t he smart phone for 6 years. 19. Mike (become) a worker in 1998. He (work) there since then. 20. Since Alexander was 5, he (live) in China with his parents. ) Unit 3 Make it happen! — 动词不定式、动名词作宾语 囚 语法精讲 动词不定式 (to do) 作宾语： 常用动词：want, decide, hope, plan, learn, would like, agree, refuse, promise, offer, choose, fail, manage, afford, expect, pretend, seem等。 例： I want to be a teacher. 例 ：She decided to study abroad. 动名词 (doing) 作宾语： 常用动词 ：enjoy, finish, mind, practice, keep, suggest, consider, avoid, imagine, miss, admit, appreciate, delay, deny, excuse, resist, risk 等。 例： I enjoy reading books. 例 ：She keeps practicing the piano. 既可接不定式也可接动名词 ，但意义不同的动词（高频考点！）： • remember to do（记得去做） / remember doing（记得做过） • forget to do（忘记去做） / forget doing（忘记做过） • stop to do（停下来去做） / stop doing（停止做） • try to do（努力去做） / try doing（尝试做） • regret to do（遗憾去做） / regret doing（后悔做过） • mean to do（打算做） / mean doing（意味着） 例句： I remembered to lock the door.（记得要去锁门） I remembered locking the door.（记得锁过门） He stopped to smoke.（停下来去抽烟） He stopped smoking.（停止抽烟） 會 专项练习（共20题） ( 1. My sister hopes a doctor when she grow s up. A. to become B. becoming C. be come D. became 2. I enjoy in the sea in summer. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam 3. They decided a new house near the lake. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 4. Would you mind th e window? It's too hot. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 5. She keeps English every morning. A. to practice B. practice C . practicing D. practiced ) ( 6. We are planning the Great Wall n ext month. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited 7. I can't imagine a lone in a strange city. A. to live B. live C. living D. lived 8. She promised me with my maths. A. help B. to help C. helping D. h elped 9. Have you finished the book ? I want to borrow it. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 10. He refused the truth, which made ever yone angry. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 11. We should avoid mistakes in the exam. A. make B. to make C. making D. m ade 12. I suggested a picnic t his weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. h ad 13. She managed the d ifficult task on time. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 14. Don't forget the door when you leave. A. lock B. to lock C. lo cking D. locked 15. He tried the pr oblem in a different way. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 16. I plan (travel) to Japan next year. 17. She enjoys (listen) to music in her free time. 18. He kept (ask) questions until he understood. 19. I can't afford (buy) a new car now. 20. We should practice (speak) English as much as possible. ) ( Unit 4 Digital life — 动词不定式作宾语补足语 ) 囚 语法精讲 动词 + 宾语 + to do（带to的不定式作宾补）： 常用动词：tell, ask, want, would like, expect, allow, encourage, invite, warn, teach, order, advise, force, remind, persuade 等。 例： My mother told me to clean my room. 例 ：She asked him to help her. 动词 + 宾语 + 不带to的不定式（感官动词/使役动词）： 感官动词 ：see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe 等。 使役动词： make, let, have（让）等。 例： He made me laugh. 例： I saw her enter the room. 例 ：She heard him sing. 特殊动词 help： help 后可接 to do 或 do 作宾补： help s b. (to) do sth. 例 ：She helped me clean the room. / She helped me to clean the room. 被动语态中的变化（高频考点！）： 主动语态中不带to的不定式 ，在被动语态中要加to。 主动： He made me laugh. 被动： I was made to laugh by him. 主动： I saw him enter the room. 被动： He was seen to enter the room.會 专项练习（共20题） ( 1. My father always tells me too much time on games. A. not spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. don 't spend 2. The teacher asked us the experiment carefully. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 3. He made his little sister with h im. A. play B. to play C. playing D . played 4. I saw a boy into the river and I called for he lp. A. fall B. to fall C. fallin g D. fell ) 5. Parents should encourage their children new things. A. try B. to try C. trying D. tried 6. She didn't allow anyone her room without permission. A. enter B. to enter C. entering D. entered 7. We all felt the house when the earthquake happened. A. shake B. to shake C. shaking D. shook 8. He was warned the dangerous place alone. A. not visit B. not to visit C. to not visit D. don't visit 9. I would like you me with my English. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 10. She often helps her mother the housework. A. do B. to do C. doing D. both A and B 11. The boss made the workers overtime every day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 12. We invited Mr. Lee a speech at our school. A. give B. to give C. giving D. gave 13. I noticed a man out of the building quickly. A. come B. to come C. coming D. came 14. She encouraged her son the competition. A. join B. to jo in C. joining D. joined 15. We can't allow this situation worse. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 16. My teacher told me (not be) late again. 17. She asked him (turn down) the music. 18. The joke made everyone (laugh) happily. 19. I saw the cat (jump) onto the table. 20. He was forced (leave) his hometown. Unit 5 Play by the rules — 动词不定式作目的状语 囚 语法精讲 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词不定式 (to do) 作目的状语： 表示“为了 ” ，可放在句首或句末。放在句首时起强调作用。 例：To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 例：We came here to ask for help. in order to do 与 so as to do： • in order to 可放句首或句末 ，更正式。 • so as to 只能放句末 ，不能放句首。 例： In order to raise money, we held a concert. 例：We went early so as to get good seats. 否定形式（高频考点！）： • in order not to do • so as not to do 例： I got up early so as not to miss the bus. 例： In order not to be late, he ran to school. 注意： 目的状语从句也可以用 so that / in order that 引导 ，但不定式更简洁。 例： I got up early so t hat I could catch the bus. = I got up early to catch the bus. ( 會 专项练习（共20题） 1. She turns on the light the book clearly. A. to see B. seeing C. saw D. see 2. —Why do you get up so early? — the e arly bus. A. To catch B. Catching C. Catch D. C aught 3. Schools offer safety programmes students how to stay safe. A. teach B. teaching C. to tea ch D. taught 4. —Why do farmers put produ ce online? — it more easily. A. To sell B. Because se lling C. For selling D. Sell 5. your online accounts, use a strong password. A. Protect B. To protect C. Protection D. Protect ing ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 6. I covered my nose the smell. A. to reduce B. reduces C. reducing D. reduced 7. get lost in the forest, take a compass. A. In order to B. In order not to C. To not D. So as to 8. Sally studies hard in order to a good university. A. gets into B. get into C. got into D. getting into 9. We should do what we can our eyes. A. to protect B. protect C. protecti ng D. protected 10. He studies hard pass the final e xam. A. in order to B. so as to C. both A a nd B 11. Mary gave away the food people in need. A. to help B. to helping C. he lped D. helping 12. save energy, we shoul d take public transport. A. To save B. Saving C. Save D. For saving 13. He went to the library b orrow some books. A. so as to B. in order to C. both A and B 14. I got up early miss the train. A. so as not to B. in ord er not to C. both A and B 15. We should do more (spread ) Chinese culture. 16. In winter, birds fly far away (find) a warm p lace. 17. (save) energy, we should take public transport. 18. Let's find out what we can do (protect) animals. 19. I went to the park (exercise). 20. They bought a cake (celebrate) our birthday. ) ( Unit 6 When disaster strikes — 过去进行时 ) 囚 语法精讲 定义： 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作 ，意为“那时正在 ”。 结构： was/were + 动词-ing形式 常用时间状语： at 2:00 yesterday, at this time yesterday, at that time, at that moment, then, from 8 to 10 yesterday morning, while / when 从句等。 when, while, as 的用法辨析（必背！）： • when 既可指时间点也可指时间段 ，从句动词可以是瞬间动词也可以是延续性动词。 • while 只指时间段 ，从句动词必须是延续性动词。 • as 既可指时间点也可指时间段 ，强调“一边 一边 ”或“随着”。 过去进行时与一般过去时的搭配（高频考点！）： • 长动作（过去进行时） + 短动作（一般过去时） I was reading when he came in. • 两个长动作同时进行（过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时） While I was reading, she was writing. • 强调一个动作正在进行时另一个动作突然发生 I was walking in the street when he called me. 例句： I was doing my homework when my mother came in. We were watching TV at 8 last night. While we were having dinner, it began to rain.會 专项练习（共20题） ( 1. When I saw Daniel yesterday, he an old man cross the road. A. helps B. was helping C. will he lp D. is helping 2. While we an Englis h song, some visitors came in. A. were singing B. sang C. are singi ng D. sings 3. —I didn't see you at 5 yesterday. —I singing for the ceremony. A. will practise B. have practised C. am practising D. was practising 4. When I , my mobile phone ran g. A. work B. am working C. worked D. was working 5. —I went to see you but you were not in. —Oh, I a film. A. saw B. will see C. am seei ng D. was seeing ) ( 6. I'm sorry I didn't answer because I music. A. listen to B. listening to C. was listening to D. am listening to 7. I my home work when my mother came in. A. is doing B. was doing C. were doing D. am d oing 8. —Why didn't you answer? —Sorry. I a shower. A. took B. am taking C. was taking 9. —What you at 8 last night? —I was watching TV. A. do ; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing 10. He was reading a newspaper I was doing homework. A. as soon as B. while C. until 11. —Why weren't you in the room at 1 0? —I (talk) with my grandma. 12. When Mum came home, Danny (play) the piano. 13. We (watch) TV while my mother (read) at this time last night. 14. Mr Smith (giv e) a report between 8 and 9 yesterday. 15. I (do) my homework when the doorbell (ring). 16. We (discuss) the plan when you called us. 17. Jim (chat) on the Internet while Mom was cooking. 18. We (have) dinner when it began to snow. 19. I (mop) up the water at this time yesterday. 20. When I got home, my pet dog (lie) on the floor. ) 圓 参考答案 Unit 1 1-10: A B B A B / B C C C B 11. have learned 12. have completed 13. has eaten 14. hasn't written 15. hidden 16. built 17. Have; had 18. planned 19. have been 20. have learned Unit 2 1-10: C C C C C / D D D C A 11. been dead 12. came 13. have been in 14. have kept 15. married 16. has been open 17. has been 18. have had 19. became; has worked 20. has lived Unit 3 1-15: A C B C C / B C B C B / C C B B C 16. to travel 17. listening 18. asking 19. to buy 20. speaking Unit 4 1-15: B B A A B / B A B B D / A B A B B 16. not to be 17. to turn down 18. laugh 19. jump 20. to leave Unit 5 1-14: A A C A B / A B B A C / A A C C 15. to spread 16. to find 17. To save 18. to protect 19. to exercise 20. to celebrate Unit 6 1-10: B A D D D / C B C C B 11. was talking 12. was playing 13. were watching; was reading 14. was giving 15. was doing; rang 16. were discussing 17. was chatting 18. were having 19. was mopping 20. was lying $