U2 A 课时同步训练 ReadingⅡ-【初中必刷题】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语同步课件（外研版·新教材）

该初中英语课件聚焦八年级上册Unit 2“人际交往”主题，涵盖词汇运用、语法填空、语篇理解等核心知识点。通过“刷基础”到“刷能力”的层级设计，以同步训练为支架，帮助学生从单词、句型过渡到完形填空、阅读理解等综合应用，构建系统的语言知识体系。 其亮点在于以分层训练落实核心素养，基础部分通过语境化词汇语法练习（如“be afraid of doing sth”固定搭配解析）提升语言能力，能力部分借助完形填空、阅读还原等语篇训练（如亲子关系、友谊冲突案例）培养思维品质。采用超链接跳转和可编辑课件设计，学生能自主巩固知识，教师可灵活调整教学内容，有效提升教与学效率。

英 语 八年级上册 WY 1 2 3 Unit 2 Getting along 4 A 课时同步训练 Understanding ideas （ReadingⅡ） 5 刷基础 刷能力 6 基础 Ⅰ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.I noticed some _______ （hole） in my shirt after the cat jumped on me. holes 【解析】句意为：猫跳到我身上后，我发现了衬衫上的几个洞。hole意为“洞”， 作可数名词，结合some可知用其复数形式holes。 2.【2026山东潍坊调研】The time we spend with family is ___________ （price） and can’t be bought with money. priceless 【解析】句意为：我们和家人在一起度过的时间是无价的，金钱买不到。根据 can’t be bought with money可知，此处表示“无价的”，故填priceless。 刷基础 返回目录 7 3.She is shy. She is afraid of __________ （speak） in public. speaking 【解析】句意为：她很害羞。她害怕在公众面前讲话。be afraid of doing sth 意为“害怕做某事”。 4.He has read several interesting books __________ （recent）.He really loves reading in his free time. recently 【解析】句意为：他最近读了几本有趣的书。他真的很喜欢在空闲时间读书。此 处修饰整个句子，应用副词，故填recently。 5.He _________ （knock） the cup down from the shelf and it was in pieces on the floor. knocked 【解析】结合was可知用一般过去时。knock意为“碰倒”，其过去式为knocked。 刷基础 返回目录 8 Ⅱ 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空（方框中有两个词为多余项） live sudden double offer their use stressed 6.【2025甘肃白银期末】Our classroom is new, but ________ is old. theirs 【解析】此处指“他们的教室”，空后无名词，结合备选词可知此处用their的名 词性物主代词theirs。 7.—Why do you like to watch the show? —Because the host always makes his speech ________ and interesting. lively 【解析】根据“makes his speech… and interesting”可知此处应填形容词， lively意为“生动的”，符合语境。 刷基础 返回目录 9 live sudden double offer their use stressed 8.【2026江苏无锡调研】It was nice of Mr Hu __________ us help when we were in trouble. to offer 【解析】句意为：胡先生在我们遇到困难时主动提供帮助，真是太好了。此处表 示“主动提供”，故选offer；“it is+adj.+of sb to do sth”意为“某人做某 事是……的”，为固定用法，故填to offer。 知识拓展 offer意为“提供”，offer sb sth/offer sth to sb意为“给某人提供某物”。 刷基础 返回目录 10 live sudden double offer their use stressed 9.Does the teacher allow us ________ calculators in the exam? to use 【解析】句意为：老师允许我们在考试中使用计算器吗？此处表示“使用”，应 选use；allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定用法，故填to use。 10.We feel __________ when we are taking a test or playing in a sports match. stressed 【解析】feel为感官动词，其后应用形容词作表语，stressed意为“有压力的”， 符合语境。故填stressed。 刷基础 返回目录 11 Ⅲ 翻译句子 11.当我路过他的房间时，我听到他在弹钢琴。（hear sb doing sth） _______________________________________________________________________ 12.他用手捂住脸。（cover… with…） _______________________________________________________________________ 13.这本书是如此有趣以至于我们都喜欢看。（so… that…） _______________________________________________________________________ 【解析】知识拓展 “so+adj./adv.+that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”。 When I walked past his room, I heard him playing the piano. He covered/covers his face with his hands. The/This book is so interesting that we all enjoy/like reading it. 刷基础 返回目录 12 Ⅳ 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整 正确（每词限用一次） 【2025江西上饶调研】#1 a excite happy dream begin shout along invite see friend fill 刷基础 返回目录 13 Lara liked reading. She seemed to know everything except 14. ___ small thing. It was that she didn’t know how to get 15. _______ with other people. Lara thought that school was a waste of time, so she began home schooling. She 16. ________________ of being the youngest person to enter university, so she sent letters to professors（教授） to see if it was possible at her age. One day, the doorbell rang. When Lara opened the door, she17. _____ Professor Tailor, one of her favourite professors. Lara was so 18. _________ that she could hardly breathe. a along dreamt/dreamed saw excited 刷基础 返回目录 14 After she19. _________ Professor Tailor to her home, they began to talk 20. _________ and exchange ideas. The professor was amazed at what this young girl knew. Then he turned to another topic.“Lara, tell me about your friends,” the professor said. There was silence as Lara realised that she had no 21. _____________.“Well, I don’t have time for that. I’m so busy with my study,” she said.“That’s a problem. You have to learn that life is not just filled with ideas. It is also 22. ________ with people. You must remember that there is something more important than study. Go out, make friends and enjoy life,” the professor said. Since then, Lara has changed her mind and 23. _______ to make friends with others.#1.6 语篇导读 本文主要讲述了一心扑在学习上，不擅长交朋友的拉腊与教授之间的交谈。 invited happily friend（s） filled begun 刷基础 返回目录 14. ___ a 【解析】句意为：她似乎什么都懂，除了一件小事。根据句意并结合备选词可知 用a，表示“一件”。 15. _______ along 【解析】句意为：那就是她不知道如何与其他人相处。根据句意并结合备选词可 知用along，此处构成短语get along with sb，意为“和某人相处”。 16. ________________ dreamt/dreamed 【解析】dream of意为“梦想……”，符合语境；结合sent可知用一般过去时。 知识拓展 dream作动词时意为“梦想；做梦”，其过去式为dreamt或dreamed；dream of doing sth意为“梦想做某事”。 刷基础 返回目录 16 17. _____ saw 【解析】句意为：当拉腊打开门时，她看到了泰勒教授，她最喜欢的教授之一。 根据句意并结合备选词可知用see，意为“看见”；结合opened可知用一般过去时。 18. _________ excited 【解析】此处应填形容词，根据she could hardly breathe并结合备选词可知， excited意为“激动的；兴奋的”，修饰人，符合题意。 19. _________ invited 【解析】结合下文“they began to talk… and exchange ideas”和备选词可知， 此处是指拉腊邀请教授到她家；结合began可知用一般过去时。 刷基础 返回目录 17 20. _________ happily 【解析】结合下文“The professor was amazed at what this young girl knew.”和备选词可知，此处是指他们愉快地交谈，应用形容词happy的副词形式 happily（快乐地）修饰动词talk。 21. _____________ friend（s） 【解析】根据语境并结合备选词可知，她没有朋友；friend意为“朋友”，作可 数名词，no后可加可数名词单数或复数。 22. ________ filled 【解析】结合上文“You have to learn that life is not just filled with ideas.”和备选词可知，此处为be filled with，意为“充满……”。 刷基础 返回目录 18 23. _______ begun 【解析】句意为：从那以后，拉腊改变了想法，开始和别人交朋友。根据句意并 结合备选词可知用begin，意为“开始”；结合has changed可知此处为现在完成时。 知识拓展 begin意为“开始”，其过去式为began，过去分词为begun；begin to do/doing sth意为“开始做某事”。 刷基础 返回目录 19 能力 Ⅰ 完形填空 体裁：说明文 题材：家庭、朋友与周围的人 词数：225 难度:★★ 建议用时：7分钟#1 【2026天津市第二十五中学调研】As teenagers, you may think your parents are unfair to you. When you want to . .1. . in a modern way, your mum doesn’t like you to wear those clothes. When you are making phone calls, they ask if you are . .2. . to a boy or a girl. Sometimes it seems that you are not as . .3. . to your parents as you used to be. How can you become close again? 刷能力 返回目录 20 Closing the Gap by the writer Jay McGraw gives advice on how to have a better . .4. . with your parents. Both parents and children have needs. You all need to feel you are important and . .5. ..You should tell your parents your needs, and find out what their needs are. You could . .6. . your school life now and your dream for the future to get your parents to know what you are doing. It helps your parents know . .7. . about you. The book gives ways to help teenagers. .8. . their parents. When you think “My parents don’t want me to have any fun”, it usually means your parents want 刷能力 返回目录 you to be safe. The book gives you some ideas, such as making time to talk and keeping a . .9. . if you don’t want to talk face to face. If you follow these steps, you will be able to make your . .10. . a happier place.#4.1 完形填空·语篇导读 本文探讨了青少年与父母之间的问题并提供了建议。 刷能力 返回目录 1.( ) A.study B.walk C.dress D.talk C 【解析】根据wear those clothes可知，此处指“穿着打扮”。故选C项。 2.( ) A.pointing B.speaking C.telling D.warning B 【解析】根据making phone calls可知，打电话时是在“说话”，speak to sb符 合语境。故选B项。 刷能力 返回目录 23 3.( ) A.clever B.friendly C.close D.glad C 【解析】句意为：有时，你似乎不像以前那样和父母亲近了。clever意为“聪明 的”；friendly意为“友好的”；close意为“亲近的”；glad意为“高兴的”。 根据后文“How can you become close again?”可知，此处指关系不再“亲近”。 故选C项。 4.( ) A.dream B.choice C.change D.relationship D 【解析】dream意为“梦想”；choice意为“选择”；change意为“改变”； relationship意为“关系”。根据前文讨论的“与父母的关系”及become close again可知，书的内容是关于改善亲子关系的。故选D项。 刷能力 返回目录 24 5.( ) A.allowed B.loved C.hurt D.forgotten B 【解析】句意为：你们都需要感受到你们是重要的、被爱着的。根据important及 语境可知，双方都需要感受到“被爱”。故选B项。 知识拓展 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 6.( ) A.talk about B.ask about C.learn about D.worry about A 【解析】句意为：你可以谈谈你现在的学校生活和未来的梦想，让父母知道你在 做什么。talk about意为“谈论”；ask about意为“询问”；learn about意为 “了解”；worry about意为“担心”。根据to get your parents to know what you are doing可知，需要向父母“谈论”自己的生活。故选A项。 刷能力 返回目录 25 7.( ) A.better B.less C.harder D.later A 【解析】句意为：这有助于你的父母更好地了解你。根据句意可知，沟通能让父 母“更好地”了解自己。故选A项。 8.( ) A.hate B.use C.teach D.understand D 【解析】句意为：这本书提供了帮助青少年理解父母的方法。hate意为“讨厌”； use意为“使用”；teach意为“教”；understand意为“理解”。根据it usually means your parents want you to be safe可知，书中教青少年“理解” 父母。故选D项。 刷能力 返回目录 26 9.( ) A.secret B.diary C.promise D.voice B 【解析】secret意为“秘密”；diary意为“日记”；promise意为“承诺”； voice意为“声音”。根据if you don’t want to talk face to face可知，不 能当面交流时，“写日记”是一种表达方式。keep a diary意为“写日记”，故 选B项。 10.( ) A.country B.school C.bedroom D.home D 【解析】句意为：如果你遵循这些步骤，你就能让你的家成为一个更幸福的地方。 country意为“国家”；school意为“学校”；bedroom意为“卧室”；home意为 “家”。全文主要介绍亲子关系，home符合语境。故选D项。 刷能力 返回目录 27 Ⅱ 阅读理解 体裁：夹叙夹议 题材：家庭、朋友与周围的人 词数：268 难度:★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 【2026山东聊城期中】Have you ever had any conflicts （冲突） with your best friend? In fact, even the closest friends can cause conflicts without understanding or enough communication. Emma and Lily were best friends since junior high school. They shared secrets, hobbies, and laughter. However, things changed when Emma joined a science club. She spent less time with Lily who felt uncomfortable to be ignored 刷能力 返回目录 28 （忽视）.One day, Lily posted a sad message online, “Some people forget old friends when they find new ones.” Emma saw it and thought Lily was laughing at her. They stopped talking, and their friendship seemed ruined. After a week of silence, Emma felt hurt and turned to Mrs Li who was her teacher for help. Mrs Li told her that friendship conflicts often start with misunderstanding. Here are some tips from Mrs Li: 1.Speak calmly: Use “I feel” sentences instead of blaming （责备）. 刷能力 返回目录 2.Listen patiently: Understand the other’s feelings. 3.Compromise （妥协）: Find the ways that work for both to solve problems. Emma decided to talk to Lily. She said, “I miss you. I didn’t mean to make you feel ignored.” Lily said sorry， too, “I shouldn’t post the sad message online. I was just sad.” They knew their mistakes. Every friendship has conflicts, but real friends work through them. As the saying goes, “A true friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.” When we talk honestly （坦诚地）, we can turn conflicts into chances to make our friendship even stronger.#7.2 阅读理解·语篇导读 本文通过埃玛和莉莉的友谊冲突案例，探讨了如何通过理解 和沟通解决朋友间的矛盾。 刷能力 返回目录 11. 写作手法 How does the writer start this passage?( ) A A.By asking a question. B.By listing numbers. C.By comparing two things. D.By giving facts. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Have you ever had any conflicts with your best friend?”可知，作者以提问方式开篇。故选A项。 12.What does the underlined word “ruined” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?( ) A A.毁坏的 B.密切的 C.宝贵的 D.罕见的 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“They stopped talking, and their friendship seemed ruined.”及产生冲突的语境可推断，ruined意为“毁坏的”。故选A项。 刷能力 返回目录 31 13.Which is the best sentence to describe your problem according to the tips?( ) B A.You never spend time with me. B.I feel hurt that you spend less time with me. C.You don’t care about me at all and never make time for me. D.You don’t want to play with me. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Use ‘I feel’ sentences instead of blaming.” 可知，选项B符合这一原则。故选B项。 刷能力 返回目录 32 14.What is the main idea of the text?( ) C A.The closest friends have no conflicts. B.New friends are more important than old friends. C.Understanding and communication can solve friendship conflicts. D.The conflicts are common among friends. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是老师的建议和“When we talk honestly, we can turn conflicts into chances…”可知，文章核心是“理解 与沟通能解决友谊冲突”。故选C项。 刷能力 返回目录 33 Ⅲ 阅读还原 体裁：说明文 题材：人际交往 词数：243 难度:★★★ 建议用时：7 分钟 【2025四川成都期中】Humans are social beings, and we enjoy being treated nicely. Getting along with someone isn’t about being their best friend or sharing all their hobbies.15.___ Here are some tips that can help you get along with others. Think before you speak. 16.___ If you’re the kind of person who speaks before thinking, or who even thinks by speaking, then it’s time to slow down and consider how your words will make the people around you feel. A E 刷能力 返回目录 34 Say sorry if you’ve made a mistake. Whether you’ve said some offensive （冒犯的） things or shown up over half an hour late for your dinner date, if you want to get along with people, you have to work on apologising （道歉） for your mistakes. Put yourself in the other person’s shoes. 17.___ Though it’s impossible to know exactly what’s going on in another person’s mind, just making the effort to try can help you get along with people. D 刷能力 返回目录 35 Take the time to thank people. It’s important to be thankful if you want to get along with people.18.___ For example, write a thank-you card to your boss or give your friend flowers for helping you clean your apartment. F Treat others how you wish to be treated. The golden rule is still the most important rule for getting along with others.19.___ If you treat people with love and respect, they will treat you with the same. C 刷能力 返回目录 36 A.It is about treating people with respect and care. B.Never tell lies if you want to get on well with others. C.Think of how you would like your friends to act around you. D.Try thinking about how the other person may be thinking and feeling. E.Take the time to consider your words before they come out of your mouth. F.Take the time to tell people that you’re thankful for what they’ve done for you. 刷能力 返回目录 37 阅读还原·语篇导读 本文介绍了与他人相处的一些建议。 长难句分析 If you’re the kind of person who speaks before thinking, or who even thinks by speaking, then it’s time to slow down and consider how your words will make the people around you feel.如果你是那种不加思考就说话的人，或者甚至是那种 边说边思考的人，那么是时候放慢速度，考虑一下你的话会给你周围的人带来什 么感觉了。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；who speaks before thinking和who even thinks by speaking为定语从句，修饰person；it’s time to do sth意为“到做某 事的时候了”；how your words will make the people around you feel为宾语从句。 刷能力 返回目录 38 15. ___ A 【解析】根据“Getting along with someone isn’t about being their best friend or sharing all their hobbies.”可知，A选项符合语境。 16. ___ E 【解析】根据“Think before you speak.”可知，E选项（在你的话脱口而出之 前，花点时间考虑一下。）符合语境。 17. ___ D 【解析】根据“Put yourself in the other person’s shoes.”可知，此处表 示设身处地为别人着想，D选项（试着想想其他人可能的想法和感受。）符合语境。 刷能力 返回目录 39 18. ___ F 【解析】根据“Take the time to thank people.”可知，此处与感谢别人有关， F选项（花点时间告诉人们你很感激他们为你所做的事。）符合语境。 19. ___ C 【解析】根据“Treat others how you wish to be treated.”可知，C选项 （想想你想让你的朋友在你身边如何表现。）符合语境。 刷能力 返回目录 40 $