做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 6（说明文阅读）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖说明文阅读高频词汇及相关语言能力考点，按“真题再现-核心词汇-词形变换-练习应用-语篇翻译”逻辑构建知识网络，通过问题链和任务驱动引导学生自主梳理词汇用法与阅读策略，形成从基础到综合的层次化认知体系。 亮点在于真题诊断与个性化练习设计，开篇真题阅读题诊断学生语言理解能力，选词填空、单词默写等分层任务巩固词汇应用，培养语言能力与学习能力。提供参考答案与翻译示例，助力学生自主纠错提升，教师可依学情精准指导，有效支持因材施教。

高考高频单词 DAY 6（说明文阅读） 板块一：真题再现 [（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）] When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. "Plants are in fashion right now," says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. "People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating," she says. "Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think." Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants," says Knuth. "This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces." If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn't make it. "Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one," Detrinidad says. 28. How was Detrinidad's business when it started? A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss. C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well. 29. What is one of Knuth's findings about plants? A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment. C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity. 30. What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability. C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Time to Replace Houseplants B. Plants Boost Your Mood C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants D. Plants Brighten Your Home 板块二：核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 flood /flʌd/ 蜂拥而至；淹没 success /səkˈses/ 成功 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加；增长 explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒən/ 激增；爆炸 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ 行业；产业 fashion /ˈfæʃən/ 时尚；流行 researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə/ 研究者 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ 环境 satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/ 满意；满足 rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ 评分；等级 nature /ˈneɪtʃə/ 自然 mood /muːd/ 情绪；心情 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ 改善；提高 decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ 减少；下降 cortisol /ˈkɔːtɪsɒl/ 皮质醇 stress /stres/ 压力 hormone /ˈhɔːməʊn/ 荷尔蒙；激素 academically /ˌækəˈdemɪkli/ 学业上地 productivity /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ 生产力；效率 translate /trænsˈleɪt/ 转化；翻译 workplace /ˈwɜːkpleɪs/ 工作场所 benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ 益处；好处 allow /əˈlaʊ/ 允许；给予 sustain /səˈsteɪn/ 维持；支撑 exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ 练习；锻炼 patience /ˈpeɪʃəns/ 耐心 invest /ɪnˈvest/ 投入；投资 face /feɪs/ 面对 competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ 竞争 purify /ˈpjʊərɪfaɪ/ 净化 板块三：词形变换（供背诵） 1. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ 成功 — success /səkˈses/ 成功 — successful /səkˈsesfəl/ 成功的 — successfully /səkˈsesfəli/ 成功地 — unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl/ 不成功的 2. increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加 — increasing /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/ 日益增长的 — increasingly /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/ 越来越 — decreased /dɪˈkriːst/ 减少的 — increasable /ɪnˈkriːsəbəl/ 可增加的 3. explode /ɪkˈspləʊd/ 爆炸 — explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒən/ 爆炸；激增 — explosive /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ 爆炸性的 — explosively /ɪkˈspləʊsɪvli/ 爆炸性地 — unexploded /ˌʌnɪkˈspləʊdɪd/ 未爆炸的 4. satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ 使满意 — satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/ 满意 — satisfactory /ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri/ 令人满意的 — satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ 满意的 — dissatisfy /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/ 使不满 5. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ 改善 — improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ 改善 — improved /ɪmˈpruːvd/ 改进的 — improvable /ɪmˈpruːvəbəl/ 可改善的 — improver /ɪmˈpruːvə/ 改进者 6. produce /prəˈdjuːs/ 生产 — productivity /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ 生产力 — productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/ 高产的 — productively /prəˈdʌktɪvli/ 高效地 — unproductive /ˌʌnprəˈdʌktɪv/ 低产的 7. translate /trænsˈleɪt/ 翻译；转化 — translation /trænsˈleɪʃən/ 翻译 — translator /trænsˈleɪtə/ 翻译者 — translatable /trænsˈleɪtəbəl/ 可翻译的 — untranslatable /ˌʌntrænsˈleɪtəbəl/ 不可翻译的 8. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ 益处 — beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəl/ 有益的 — beneficially /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəli/ 有益地 — beneficiary /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəri/ 受益人 — benefactor /ˈbenɪfæktə/ 捐助者 9. sustain /səˈsteɪn/ 维持 — sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ 可持续的 — sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ 可持续性 — sustained /səˈsteɪnd/ 持续的 — sustenance /ˈsʌstənəns/ 营养；维持 10. patient /ˈpeɪʃənt/ 有耐心的 — patience /ˈpeɪʃəns/ 耐心 — patiently /ˈpeɪʃəntli/ 耐心地 — impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/ 不耐烦的 — impatience /ɪmˈpeɪʃəns/ 不耐烦 11. invest /ɪnˈvest/ 投资；投入 — investment /ɪnˈvestmənt/ 投资 — investor /ɪnˈvestə/ 投资者 — investable /ɪnˈvestəbəl/ 可投资的 — reinvest /ˌriːɪnˈvest/ 再投资 12. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ 竞争 — competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ 竞争 — competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ 有竞争力的 — competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə/ 竞争者 — uncompetitive /ˌʌnkəmˈpetətɪv/ 无竞争力的 板块四：选词填空 Group A（从以下词汇中选择填空：flood, success, increase, explosion, industry, fashion, researcher, environment, satisfaction, rating） 1. The company has achieved great __________ in the field of renewable energy. 2. There has been an __________ in the number of people working from home. 3. The tourism __________ has been badly affected by the pandemic. 4. Wearing masks has become a __________ in many countries. 5. The __________ found a strong link between exercise and mental health. 6. Working in a pleasant __________ can improve employees' productivity. 7. Customer __________ is the top priority of our company. 8. The hotel received a five-star __________ from the travel magazine. 9. Applications for the program __________ the office within the first week. 10. The __________ of remote learning has changed education significantly. Group B（从以下词汇中选择填空：mood, improve, decrease, stress, hormone, academically, productivity, translate, workplace, benefit） 11. Regular exercise can help reduce __________ and improve your overall health. 12. The new teaching method has greatly __________ students' performance. 13. There has been a 20% __________ in the number of traffic accidents this year. 14. Adrenaline is a __________ that prepares the body for action. 15. Students who read widely often perform better __________. 16. The company's __________ has increased by 15% since the new system was introduced. 17. The skills you learn at school __________ into useful abilities in the workplace. 18. The __________ is equipped with modern facilities for employees. 19. Regular physical activity has many health __________. 20. A positive __________ can help you overcome challenges more easily. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 21. The __________ (succeed) of the project depends on everyone's hard work. 22. There has been a __________ (increase) demand for organic food in recent years. 23. The __________ (explode) of the population has caused many social problems. 24. The __________ (satisfy) of the customers is our main concern. 25. Regular exercise can lead to __________ (improve) in both physical and mental health. 26. The __________ (produce) of the workers has increased significantly. 27. The __________ (translate) of the novel into English took two years. 28. Regular reading is __________ (benefit) to language development. 29. The __________ (sustain) of the economy requires careful planning. 30. The teacher waited with __________ (patient) for the students to finish their work. B. 首字母单词拼写（根据首字母和句意补全单词） 31. The new policy has led to an e__________ in the number of start-ups. 32. The t__________ industry creates millions of jobs around the world. 33. The r__________ presented her findings at the international conference. 34. The new system has i__________ the efficiency of the entire operation. 35. The d__________ in crime rate is a positive sign for the city. 36. Students should learn to m__________ their time effectively. 37. The new technology has t__________ the way we communicate with each other. 38. The health b__________ of regular exercise are well documented. 39. Patience and p__________ are required to master any skill. 40. The competition in this i__________ is becoming increasingly fierce. 板块六：语篇翻译（英译汉，黑体词为关键） Passage A Houseplants have become increasingly popular in recent years. Many people find that taking care of plants provides them with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment. The presence of plants in the home or workplace can improve people's mood and reduce their stress levels. According to research, students who study in plant-rich environments tend to perform better academically. Furthermore, employees working in offices with plants take fewer sick leaves and report higher job satisfaction. These findings suggest that we should embrace the benefits of nature in our daily lives. Passage B Cortisol is a hormone that is released in response to stress. When we are under pressure, our cortisol levels rise, which can have negative effects on our health. However, studies have shown that spending time in nature or around plants can decrease cortisol levels and promote a sense of calm. This explains why many people feel relaxed after spending time in a garden or park. The benefits of nature on mental health are significant, and experts recommend incorporating plants into our living and working spaces. Passage C The success of Detrinidad's online houseplant business reflects a broader trend: more and more people are turning to plants for companionship and well-being. During the pandemic, when many people were confined to their homes, the demand for houseplants increased dramatically. Plants not only add beauty to our surroundings but also help purify the air and reduce noise levels. However, caring for plants requires patience and effort. Detrinidad emphasizes that we should not be discouraged by failure; even experienced plant owners lose plants occasionally. What matters is the willingness to learn and try again. 板块七：参考译文（Passage 6 全文翻译） 当索尼娅·德特里尼达开设她的线上室内植物商店时，她并没有抱太大期望。但相反的情况发生了：订单蜂拥而至，仅2020年6月就发出了1,200份订单。在过去的一年里，德特里尼达寄出了超过70,000株植物。她的成功只是居家时间增加导致室内植物行业激增的一个例子。 “目前植物很时尚，”佛罗里达大学的研究员梅琳达·克努斯博士说。“生活在植物丰富的环境中的人报告了更高的生活满意度评分，”她说。“在环境中增加更多自然元素可以改变我们的情绪和思维方式。”植物可以通过多种方式改善我们的心理状态，但最重要的是通过降低我们体内的皮质醇水平——一种压力激素。 “周围有植物的学生在学业上的表现优于在没有植物的教室里的学生，”克努斯说。“这种生产力也会转化到成年人的工作场所。我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的工作场所中，人们的病假减少了30%。” 如果你属于那些享受被植物环绕所带来的身心健康益处的人群中的一员，那么如果一株（或几株）植物没能成活，也不要自责。“医生行医，律师执业，你也应该允许自己通过练习来学会养活一株植物。照料植物是一种耐心的练习和学习过程。要投入其中，但如果它死了，再去买一株新的，”德特里尼达说。 板块八：单词默写（汉译英） 蜂拥而至；淹没 __________ 成功 __________ 增加；增长 __________ 激增；爆炸 __________ 行业；产业 __________ 时尚；流行 __________ 研究者 __________ 环境 __________ 满意；满足 __________ 评分；等级 __________ 自然 __________ 情绪；心情 __________ 改善；提高 __________ 减少；下降 __________ 皮质醇 __________ 压力 __________ 荷尔蒙；激素 __________ 学业上地 __________ 生产力；效率 __________ 转化；翻译 __________ 工作场所 __________ 益处；好处 __________ 允许；给予 __________ 维持；支撑 __________ 练习；锻炼 __________ 耐心 __________ 投入；投资 __________ 面对 __________ 竞争 __________ 净化 __________ 【参考答案】 板块一 真题再现答案 28．D 29．D 30．C 31. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过线上绿植店主Sonja Detrinidad的成功案例和佛罗里达大学研究者Melinda Knuth博士的观点，说明了室内绿植的流行趋势及其对身心健康、工作效率的多重益处，以及人们应对养护绿植所持的积极态度。 【详解】 28.D推理判断题 根据第一段可知，一开始Detrinidad对她的线上绿植生意并不抱太大期望，但结果却出人意料，从flood, ship out, send out和success以及第二句和第三句中的订单数量，都说明她的生意出乎意料地好。 29.D 推理判断题 第二段中研究人员Dr. Melinda Knuth认为绿植可以提高满足感、改善情绪等；第三段具体举例说明，在有绿植的环境中学习或工作效率都会更高，这一切都说明绿植能提高效率。 30.C推理判断题 根据最后一段Detrinidad所说的话可知，她认为养护绿植需要耐心和学习，需要投入其中，失败了就再来一次。就好比律师和医生并非天生精通技能，而是通过不断练习提升专业能力的，所以养护绿植也需要反复尝试、不懈努力。 31.B主旨大意题 通读全文可知，Detrinidad室内绿植生意的火爆说明了人们对绿植的喜爱和需求，同时研究表明绿植可以改善情绪、减压、提升效率等。由此可见，这篇文章主要介绍了绿植对情绪的积极影响。 板块四 选词填空答案 Group A success explosion industry fashion researcher environment satisfaction rating flooded increase Group B stress improved decrease hormone academically productivity translate workplace benefits mood 板块五 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空 success increasing explosion satisfaction improvement productivity translation beneficial sustainability patience B. 首字母单词拼写 explosion tourism researcher improved decrease manage transformed benefits practice industry 板块六 语篇翻译参考译文 Passage A 室内植物近年来变得越来越受欢迎。许多人发现照料植物给他们带来满足感和成就感。家中或工作场所有植物的存在可以改善人们的情绪并减少他们的压力水平。根据研究，在植物丰富的环境中学习的学生往往在学业上表现更好。此外，在办公室工作时有植物的员工请病假的天数更少，并报告了更高的工作 满意度。这些发现表明，我们应该在日常生活中拥抱自然的益处。 Passage B 皮质醇是一种在应激状态下释放的激素。当我们处于压力之下时，我们的皮质醇水平升高，这可能对我们的健康产生负面影响。然而，研究表明，花时间接触自然或植物可以降低 皮质醇水平并促进 平静感。这解释了为什么许多人在花园或公园度过一段时间后会感到放松。 自然对心理健康的益处是显著的，专家们建议将植物融入我们的生活和工作空间。 Passage C 德特里尼达线上室内植物业务的成功 反映了一个更广泛的趋势：越来越多的人转向植物寻求陪伴和幸福感。在疫情期间，当许多人被限制在家中时，对室内植物的需求 急剧 增加。植物不仅增添了我们周围环境的美感，还帮助净化空气并减少 噪音水平。然而，照料植物需要 耐心和努力。德特里尼达强调我们不应因失败而气馁；即使是经验丰富的植物主人也偶尔会失去植物。重要的是愿意学习和再次尝试。 板块八 汉译英答案 flood success increase explosion industry fashion researcher environment satisfaction rating nature mood improve decrease cortisol stress hormone academically productivity translate workplace benefit allow sustain exercise patience invest face competition purify $