精品解析：辽宁锦州市实验学校2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

锦州市实验学校八年级 英语学科期末检测试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 注意：所有试题必须在答题卡上作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A HOW TO CREATE WATER ON THE MOON? Scientists found a lot of hydrogen (氢) in the soil (土壤) on the moon. Now, Chinese scientists have discovered a way to create water from it. 1. Chinese scientists have discovered _________ now. A. a way to create water on the moon. B. the hydrogen will turn into water. C. a lot of hydrogen in the soil on the moon. D. the water will come out as vapor. 2. The key condition to turn hydrogen and minerals into water is _________ A. heating the soil. B. sorting the soil. C. mixing the soil. D. freezing the soil. 3. How much water can we get from 1 ton of lunar soil? A. A gram. B. Over 50 kilograms. C. 51 milligrams. D. 76 milligrams. 4. Where can we read the passage? A. In a story magazine. B. In a travel journal. C. In a science magazine. D. In a sports newspaper. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述中国科学家发现从月球土壤中制造水的方法，介绍了制造过程及产水量等科学内容。 【1题详解】 根据第1段“Chinese scientists have discovered a way to create water from it.”可知，中国科学家发现了从月球土壤中制造水的方法。 【2题详解】 根据图文说明部分“Burn (燃烧) the soil until it is very hot. ”可知是加热土壤。 【3题详解】 根据图文说明部分“From this, we can get more than 50 kilograms of water out of 1 ton of lunar soil.”可知，1吨月球土壤能提取50多公斤水。 【4题详解】 文章内容是关于月球土壤制水的科学发现，属于科学领域内容。由此可知，能在科学杂志上读到这篇文章。 B The Strait of Hormuz (霍尔木兹海峡) is a narrow (窄的) and important sea channel (航道) in West Asia. It lies between Iran (伊朗) and Oman (阿曼) . The narrowest part of the strait is only about 33 kilometers wide. It connects the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and the Indian Ocean. There is no other direct sea road linking these two waters, so this strait is the only ocean way out of the Persian Gulf. Lots of oil and natural gas are stored under the sea floor of the Persian Gulf. Every day, thousands of large ships carry these energy supplies across the strait to different countries all over the world. Over 20 percent of the world’s oil carried by ships and lots of natural gas travel through this waterway. Most of them go to Asia and Europe to help people’s daily life and factory work. People often call it the world’s “energy throat”. The word “throat” means a narrow path (小路) that everything must pass through. Along the two sides of the strait, we can see rocky coasts and low mountains. The seawater here stays warm all year round. Many kinds of sea fish live in these waters, and local people nearby make a living by fishing and small sea trade. Without this strait, it would be hard to send the gulf’s oil and gas to other parts of the world. It plays an important role in moving energy around the whole world. 5. Where is the Strait of Hormuz? A. Between China and Japan. B. Between Iran and Oman. C. Between India and Pakistan. D. Between Europe and Africa. 6. The word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to _________. A. large ships B. sea fish C. different countries D. oil and natural gas 7. What does “energy throat” mean in the passage? A. A place that looks like a neck. B. A narrow path to pass through. C. A place for people to talk about energy. D. A place with lots of underground energy. 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The trade history of the Middle East. B. Countries around the Persian Gulf. C. The value of the Strait of Hormuz. D. Ways to make ships safer on the sea. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍霍尔木兹海峡的地理位置，以及它在全球能源运输中发挥的重要价值。 【5题详解】 根据第一段“It lies between Iran and Oman.”可知，霍尔木兹海峡位于伊朗和阿曼之间。 【6题详解】 根据第二段“Over 20 percent of the world’s oil carried by ships and lots of natural gas travel through this watery. Most of them go to Asia and Europe…”可知，them指代前文提到的石油和天然气。 【7题详解】 根据第三段“The word ‘throat’ means a narrow path (小路) that everything must pass through.”可知，文中“energy throat”指一条供物资通行的狭窄通道。 【8题详解】 全文介绍霍尔木兹海峡地理位置、能源运输作用以及它对全球能源输送的重要意义，也就是霍尔木兹海峡的价值。 C A shop owner put up a sign above his door that said: “Pets For Sale”. Just as he expected, a boy appeared at the sign. “How much are you going to sell the dogs for?” he asked. The owner replied, “Any money from $30 to $50.” The little boy took out some money from his pocket. “I have $2.37”, he said. “Can I look at them?” “Sure,” the owner smiled, taking out five little dogs. One was left behind. The little boy pointed to him and asked “What’s wrong with him?” The owner then explained that the little dog was disabled. And he would never be able to walk quickly. The little boy became excited, “That’s the dog I want to buy!” The owner said, “No, you don’t need to buy that little dog. If you really want him, I’ll just give him to you.” The little boy got quite upset. He looked into the store owner’s eyes and said, “I don’t want you to give him to me for free. That little dog is worth the same as all the other dogs and I’ll pay full price. In fact, I’ll give you $2.37 now, and I will pay the rest of the money in a month.” The owner was surprised, “He can’t run or jump and never play with you like the other dogs.” On hearing this, the little boy rolled up his trouser leg to show his left leg supported by a big metal bracket (支架) . He looked up at the shop owner and softly replied, “Well, I don’t run so well, either, and the little dog needs someone who understands him!” 9. What did the boy want to do when he knew about the price for the dogs? A. To buy all of them. B. To feed all of them. C. To take a look at them. D. To get one of them for free. 10. Why was the boy interested in the disabled dog? A. Because the dog was similar to him. B. Because the dog was active and ran the fastest. C. Because the dog looked like the one he had before. D. Because the dog was the only one that he could afford. 11. Which is the correct order of the following events according to the passage? ① The boy asked to look at the dogs with only $2.37. ② The shop owner took out five little dogs for the boy to see. ③ The boy rolled up his trouser leg and showed his disabled leg. ④ The boy told the shop owner he would pay full price for the disabled dog. A. ①②③④ B. ①③②④ C. ③①②④ D. ①②④③ 12. What can we infer (推断) from the text? A. The little dog will walk quickly with the help of the boy. B. The shop owner gave the disabled dog to the boy for free. C. The boy will go to the shop again to pay the rest of the money. D. The shop owner will never know why the boy wanted that dog. 【答案】9. C 10. A 11. D 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述腿部存在残疾的小男孩购买同样行动不便的小狗，拒绝了店主免费赠予、坚持全款买下，只因自身境遇和小狗相似，能够理解、共情这只残疾小狗的故事。 【9题详解】 原文第二段男孩得知价格、说出自己仅有2.37美元后，随即询问“Can I look at them?”，也就是想要看一看这些小狗，对应C选项。 【10题详解】 文章末尾“On hearing this, the little boy rolled up his trouser leg...who understands him!”男孩卷起裤腿，露出依靠金属支架支撑的左腿，坦言自己跑步也不顺畅，残疾小狗需要能理解它的主人；小狗和男孩一样腿脚不便、处境相似，所以男孩执意选购这只小狗，对应A选项。 【11题详解】 梳理原文事件先后：①男孩带着2.37美元请求查看小狗→②店主拿出五只幼犬供男孩观赏→④男孩表明会全额支付残疾小狗的费用→③男孩卷起裤腿露出自己残疾的腿，事件顺序为①②④③，对应D选项。 【12题详解】 原文第四段男孩明确说明“In fact, I’ll give you $2.37 now, and I will pay the rest of the money in a month”，可以推断男孩后续会再次来到店铺付清剩余款项。 D Some people say The Classic of Mountains and Seas is just a book of myths (神话). It talks about strange creatures, like a bird with three legs and a horse with a human face. These sound too odd (古怪的) to be real, so many think they’re made-up stories to entertain or teach lessons. But others believe it has historical roots. The book describes mountains, rivers, and tribes (部落) in detail. Some places it mentions, like the Yellow River, still exist (存在) today. This makes people wonder if the writers recorded what they saw, even if they exaggerated (夸张) a little. Interesting links to modern discoveries make the argument popular. Take Sanxingdui as an example: a bronze (青铜) tree with nine branches (树枝) was unearthed, which matches a tree mentioned in Classic of Mountains and Seas. Such similarities make us question if the book holds memories of lost prehistoric cultures. It’s also possible that time changes how we see it. Long ago, people explained unknown things with stories. A rare (罕见的) animal might become a “monster” (妖怪) in their words. So what feels like myth now could have been their way of writing history. Maybe we don’t need to choose. The Classic of Mountains and Seas could be both: a collection of ancient stories that also holds clues to the past. It shows how people thought and lived, which is a kind of history too. In the end, whether myth or history, it matters because it connects us to our roots—especially as new finds like Sanxingdui build a bridge between its pages and reality. 13. What can we know about the book? A. It was written recently. B. Some places in it still exist. C. None of its stories are true. D. All its stories are real history. 14. Which word shows the writer’s attitude (态度) best? A. doubtful B. objective (客观的) C. bored D. negative 15. Why did ancient people write stories according to Para 4? A. To explain things they didn’t know. B. To show the lost prehistoric cultures. C. To talk about mountains, rivers, and tribes. D. To record farming work and people’s thought. 16. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A. To tell strange animal stories in the book. B. To say the book is completely true history. C. To show the book has both myths and history. D. To introduce the special bronze tree of Sanxingdui. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕《山海经》展开讨论，介绍了人们对这本书的两种不同看法：有人认为它只是一本神话故事书，也有人认为它具备一定的历史依据，同时结合三星堆考古发现、古人认知特点，论证《山海经》兼具神话色彩与历史线索，是连接现代与远古文明的纽带。 【13题详解】 文章第二段明确提到“The book describes mountains, rivers, and tribes in detail. Some places it mentions, like the Yellow River, still exist today.”，直接说明书中记载的部分地点至今仍然存在。文中未提及该书为近代所写，同时作者认为该书不全是虚构神话、也不全是真实历史，因此其余三项错误。 【14题详解】 文章先介绍大众认为《山海经》是虚构神话的观点，再阐述其具备历史渊源、契合现代考古发现的依据，最后提出无需二选一，该书兼具神话与历史价值，没有偏向任何一方、无消极质疑或敷衍的态度，全面中立地陈述观点，因此作者态度是客观的。 【15题详解】 第四段明确指出“Long ago, people explained unknown things with stories.”，直接点明古人创作这类故事的原因是为了解释自己不了解的未知事物，其余选项均不是第四段对应的内容。 【16题详解】 文章开篇介绍《山海经》的神话属性，作者行文核心是论证《山海经》既包含古代神话故事，也留存着指向过往的历史线索。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Do you ever feel like you are just rushing from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, maybe you can’t understand clearly what you are doing or learning so it is important to stop yourself to think about what you have been doing or learning. ____17____ By calming down and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to think about what it has already received. Some people prefer to do self-reflection only in their mind. Others keep a diary. What’s more, taking notes is also OK. Each method works, depending on your own personal learning. ____18____ First, choose the proper time to do it. School textbooks are divided into units of study. This makes it easier to begin self-reflection. Look for time when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks to stop and do self-reflection. ____19____ Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections. Finally, think about things that you are not sure of. Maybe you learned a new way to work out a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. ____20____ It’s helpful to look for answers the next time when you are working with the same topic. Successful students always know the importance of self-reflection. If you have never taken the time to do self-reflection, try it now. A. You can follow the steps to do self-reflection. B. Then, find a quiet place and take out your reflection diary. C. Write down your questions about something you’re not sure of. D. Second, talk to your friends or your family that you trust the most. E. Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and calming yourself. 【答案】17. E 18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了自我反省（self-reflection）的定义、方法以及进行自我反省的具体步骤，旨在帮助学生通过反省提高学习效果。 【17题详解】 文章第2段“By calming down and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to think about what it has already received”说明，空白处应是对这种“冷静下来”过程的定义或引入。选项E“Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and calming yourself.”与下文内容紧密呼应，解释了前文提到的“停下来思考”的具体含义。 【18题详解】 文章第3段“First, choose the proper time to do it.”说明，上文空白处应起到引出具体步骤的作用。选项A“You can follow the steps to do self-relefection.”承上启下，引出了后文的“First”、“Then”、“Finally”等步骤说明。 【19题详解】 文章第3段“First, choose the proper time to do it.”以及第4段空后“Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit.”说明，此处应为第二步操作，且与写笔记相关。选项B“Then, find a quiet place and take out your reflection diary.”中的“Then”与上文的“First”对应，且“diary”与下文的“Write down some notes”逻辑一致。 【20题详解】 文章第5段“Finally, think about things that you are not sure of.”以及空后“It’s helpful to look for answers the next time（下次寻找答案很有帮助）”说明，此处应涉及如何处理不确定的问题。选项C“Write down your questions about something you’re not sure of.”与上文“things that you are not sure of”及下文“look for answers”形成完美的逻辑链条。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ann was my first close friend after I moved to Australia last year. We first met in the small park at the end of our quiet street when we both took our pet dogs out to ____21____. We chatted warmly as our dogs ran and played together on the green grass. We shared lots of little stories every time we met, and we soon became really good ____22____ within just a few weeks. One afternoon when we walked our dogs as usual, Ann asked whether I had free time this coming Saturday. She wanted to invite me to join a small dinner ____23____ at her house with several neighbors. I looked through my daily plan and told her I was totally available. We continued our walk and talked happily about the coming dinner. Right before we parted, Ann told me to bring a plate with me when I visited her home. I felt quite ____24____ and wondered why she needed an empty plate, yet I didn’t ____25____ to her about my question. On Saturday morning, I picked a nice decorated plate and took it to Ann’s house. As soon as she opened the door and saw the empty plate in my hands, she laughed ____26____. She invited me inside and patiently told me that “bring a plate” is a local custom here. It actually means bringing some homemade food to ____27____ with everyone instead of just an empty plate. I didn’t realize this cultural ____28____ before. Later I ____29____ lots of tasty dishes from other guests and had great fun. This funny experience taught me an important ____30____ about different cultural customs. I will keep this warm memory in my heart forever. 21. A. jump B. walk C. sleep D. swim 22. A. guests B. classmates C. friends D. relatives 23. A. party B. exam C. concert D. competition 24. A. familiar B. embarrassed C. excited D. confused 25. A. give up B. speak up C. fix up D. clean up 26. A. loudly B. correctly C. secretly D. slowly 27. A. fight B. argue C. share D. compare 28. A. effect B. difference C. background D. value 29. A. brought B. returned C. provided D. tasted 30. A. problem B. worth C. lesson D. sign 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因误解澳大利亚“bring a plate”的习俗而带了个空盘子去聚会，后来才明白这是带食物分享的文化习惯，并从中学会了尊重文化差异。 【21题详解】 句意：我们第一次在安静街道尽头的小公园碰面，当时我们都带着自家宠物狗出去散步。 固定搭配take dogs out to walk=walk dogs（遛狗），是生活常用表达，后文也出现“walked our dogs as usual”对应提示，选walk。jump“跳”；sleep“睡觉”；swim“游泳”，都不符合语境 【22题详解】 句意：每次碰面我们都会分享很多小事，短短几周我们就成了十分要好的朋友。 文章第一句“Ann was my first close friend”点明Ann是我的挚友，此处呼应前文，填friends。guests“客人”；classmates“同班同学”；relatives“亲戚”，均不符合。 【23题详解】 句意：她邀请我去她家，和几位邻居参加一场小型的晚餐聚会。 后文提到去她家、带食物、其他客人，明显是“晚餐聚会”（dinner party）。exam“考试”；concert“音乐会”；competition“比赛”，均不合逻辑。 【24题详解】 句意：我感到十分困惑，不明白她为什么要我带一个空盘子过去。 后文“wondered why she needed an empty plate”（疑惑为何需要空盘子），对应内心困惑，填confused。familiar“熟悉”；embarrassed“尴尬”；excited“兴奋”都不贴合此处心理。 【25题详解】 句意：但我没有开口说出我的疑问。 此处表示作者心里有疑问但没有“说出来”，填speak up，表示坦率说出、开口表达（疑问、想法）。give up“放弃”；fix up“修理”；clean up“打扫”均不符。 【26题详解】 句意：她一开门看见我手里拿着空盘子，就大声笑了起来。 主人公只带了空盘子不懂当地习俗，安妮觉得这件事好笑，于是放声大笑，loudly laughed“大声发笑”，符合场景。correctly“正确地”；secretly“秘密地”；slowly“慢慢地”，均不符合场景。 【27题详解】 句意：这个习俗其实是带上自家做的食物和所有人一起分享，而不是只拿一个空盘子。 聚餐习俗自带食物分给大家，share sth with sb“和某人分享某物”，为固定搭配。fight“打架”；argue“争论”；compare“比较”，均不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：我之前没意识到这种文化差异。 不同国家习俗不同，体现文化差异，cultural difference“文化差异”，填difference。effect“影响”；background“背景”；value“价值”，均不符合。 【29题详解】 句意：后来我品尝了其他客人带来的许多美味菜肴，玩得十分开心。 晚宴上自然是品尝各家带来的美食，tasted dishes“品尝菜品”，逻辑通顺。brought“带来”，若是作者带来则与前文冲突；returned“归还”；provided“提供”，均不符合。 【30题详解】 句意：这段有趣的经历，教会了我关于不同风俗习惯的重要一课。 teach sb an important lesson固定短语，意为“给某人上了重要一课、让某人收获经验教训”。problem“问题”；worth“价值”；sign“标志”，都不贴切。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 As we all know, Fan Zhongyan’s Memorial to Yueyang Tower is one of the most famous ancient articles in China. His famous sentence “Be the first to worry about the country’s hardships, the last to enjoy its happiness” _____31_____ (catch) lots of readers’ hearts since hundreds of years ago. Fan Zhongyan lived a hard life as a kid. His father died young, _____32_____ he and his mother suffered from hunger and cold all year round. He loved reading _____33_____ (deep), but his family was too poor to afford pens, paper or even enough food. He tried his best to finish all his reading tasks _____34_____ time before the sun went down. When he grew _____35_____ (old), he went to study in a quiet mountain temple. Every day he only had a bowl of thin porridge. After the porridge turned cold, he divided it into four parts for his breakfast and supper. Reading as many books as he could _____36_____ (make) him get much useful knowledge. One cold winter night, while other kids _____37_____ (sleep) comfortably in warm quilts at home, he kept copying articles alone beside the cold stone wall in the temple. He only had simple food to eat and often reminded _____38_____ (he) never to give up studying no matter how difficult life was. The _____39_____ (boy) hard experience built his strong will and noble mind. Later he became _____40_____ honest and responsible official who cared about common people. We should always learn his spirit of persistence and selflessness. 【答案】31. has caught 32. so 33. deeply 34. in 35. older 36. made 37. were sleeping 38. himself 39. boy’s 40. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了范仲淹年少时家境贫寒，但他刻苦读书，最终成为一名关心百姓的好官的故事。 【31题详解】 句意：自从几百年前起，他的名句“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”就已经抓住了许多读者的心。根据时间状语“since hundreds of years ago”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语“His famous sentence”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，catch的过去分词为caught。 【32题详解】 句意：他的父亲早逝，因此他和母亲终年遭受饥寒。前句“父亲早逝”与后句“他和母亲遭受饥寒”之间是因果关系，前因后果，应用并列连词so（因此）连接。 【33题详解】 句意：他深深地热爱阅读，但是他的家庭太穷了，买不起笔、纸，甚至没有足够的食物。设空处修饰动词“loved”，应用副词形式，deep的副词为deeply。 【34题详解】 句意：他尽最大努力在太阳落山前及时完成所有的阅读任务。此处表示“及时”，应用固定搭配in time。 【35题详解】 句意：当他长大些时，他去了一座安静的山间寺庙里学习。此处表示“长大”，通常用固定表达grow older。 【36题详解】 句意：尽可能多地读书使他获得了许多有用的知识。文章整体讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，make的过去式为made。 【37题详解】 句意：在一个寒冷的冬夜，当其他孩子在家里温暖的被窝里舒服地睡觉时，他却独自在寺庙冰冷的石墙旁不停地抄写文章。由“while”引导的时间状语从句通常表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”；主语“other kids”为复数，助动词用were，sleep的现在分词为sleeping。 【38题详解】 句意：他只有简单的食物可吃，并经常提醒自己无论生活多么艰难都绝不放弃学习。主语是“He”，此处表示提醒他自己，宾语和主语是同一人，应用反身代词himself。 【39题详解】 句意：这个男孩艰苦的经历造就了他坚强的意志和高尚的心灵。设空处修饰名词短语“hard experience”，表示“这个男孩的”，应用名词所有格形式。故填boy’s。 【40题详解】 句意：后来他成为了一名关心普通百姓的、诚实且有责任心的官员。此处泛指“一名官员”，应用不定冠词；且“honest”是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应使用不定冠词an。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 In April 2025, Hubei Province met strong winds and brought lots of problems to local people. Spring in Hubei is usually warm with soft wind, but this time strong winds swept Wuhan, Xiangyang and other cities. The wind speed reached over eighty kilometres per hour. Before the wind came, the weather was dry and warm. Meteorologists said cold air from the north caused the strong wind. Hubei is in central China. It is mainly made up of plains and mountains. Wind blew harder on open land, while mountains could slow the wind down. People closed window s tightly to stop possible damage. Many trees and advertising signs fell down. Roads are covered with broken branches. Besides, all outdoor activities were put off. People were told to stay at home. To keep safe, experts asked people not to walk near tall buildings and close windows well. Few people saw such strong spring winds, so many felt scared. Though the wind brought much trouble to people’s life, it also had good sides. For example, they helped reduce air pollution by blowing away smog (雾霾) and make the sky clearer. Farmers also welcomed them because they not only kept mold (霉菌) away from damaging crops but also brought needed rain. 41. How fast did the strong wind blow? ________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why did people shut their windows tightly? ________________________________________________________________________ 43. List two bad influences that the strong winds bring to people’s life. ________________________________________________________________________ 44. What preparations should we make in daily life before natural disasters come? (More than 30 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Over eighty kilometres per hour. 42. To stop possible damage. 43. Many trees and advertising signs fell down. / Roads are covered with broken branches. / All outdoor activities were put off. (任意两条) 44. (开放性试题, 答案合理即可) We should watch weather forecasts every day. Prepare water, food and first- aid kits at home. Fix windows and doors firmly. Learn safe escape routes and safety rules for different disasters. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了 2025 年 4 月湖北省遭遇强风袭击的情况，包括风速、成因、造成的负面影响以及带来的有利方面。 【41题详解】 第一段原文直接给出信息“The wind speed reached over eighty kilometres per hour.”，直接提取该句作为答案。 【42题详解】 第二段末尾原句“People closed windows tightly to stop possible damage.”点明关紧窗户的目的。 【43题详解】 第三段列举了大风的诸多负面影响，任选两条原文信息整理即可：Many trees and advertising signs fell down./Roads are covered with broken branches./All outdoor activities were put off. 【44题详解】 开放性主观问答题，需结合本文大风灾害背景，写出不少于30词的日常防灾准备措施，逻辑通顺合理即可。如：We should watch weather forecasts every day. Prepare water, food and first- aid kits at home. Fix windows and doors firmly. Learn safe escape routes and safety rules for different disasters. 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假定你是李华，外国笔友Tom来信询问你暑假可以怎样过得充实有意义。请你给他回信，结合你以往的亲身经历给出建议： 1. 读一本好书，并推荐一本书； 2. 参加一次志愿者活动，分享你曾经做志愿的经历； 3. 提出希望。 要求： 1. 书信格式完整，行文连贯，要点齐全 2. 词数80-100，所给词不计入词数。 3. 不要出现班级和姓名。 Dear Tom, Glad to receive your letter. You asked me how to spend a meaningful summer vacation. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, Glad to receive your letter. You asked me how to spend a meaningful summer vacation. Here I’d like to share some ideas based on my own experience. First, reading a good book is always a great choice. I highly recommend The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. It teaches us never to give up, no matter how difficult life gets. Second, why not join a volunteer activity? Last summer, I worked as a guide in a city museum. It was tiring but rewarding—I not only helped visitors but also learned a lot about our local history. I hope my suggestions can help you. Wish you a wonderful and fulfilling summer! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英文书信应用文，混合一般现在时、一般过去时 明确要点：建议阅读好书并推荐书籍；建议参加志愿活动，分享自身志愿经历；送上假期祝愿；词数80–100，要点完整 确定人称：第一人称I 注意事项：书信格式规范；不出现真实个人信息；语句衔接自然 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：回信致谢，总起说明要分享建议 主体段：分别介绍读书建议（推荐书目及理由）和志愿者活动建议（分享亲身经历） 结尾段：表达希望和祝福 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：读一本好书并推荐 推荐书目：The Old Man and the Sea/Robinson Crusoe/The Little Prince/Harry Potter等 推荐理由：teaches us never to give up, no matter how difficult life gets/inspires us to stay brave/helps us understand the value of friendship/opens our mind to different cultures等 要点二：参加志愿者活动并分享经历 活动选择：worked as a guide in a city museum/volunteered at an animal shelter/helped in a community library/took part in a beach clean-up等 经历感受：tiring but rewarding/busy but meaningful/hard but eye-opening等 具体收获：not only helped visitors but also learned a lot about our local history/not only gave a hand to others but also gained valuable life experience/made new friends and improved communication skills等 要点三：提出希望 希望表达：I hope my suggestions can help you./I wish these ideas could be useful to you./Hope you find my advice helpful.等 祝福表达：Wish you a wonderful and fulfilling summer!/Wish you a great vacation!/Enjoy your summer holiday!等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 锦州市实验学校八年级 英语学科期末检测试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 注意：所有试题必须在答题卡上作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A HOW TO CREATE WATER ON THE MOON? Scientists found a lot of hydrogen (氢) in the soil (土壤) on the moon. Now, Chinese scientists have discovered a way to create water from it. 1. Chinese scientists have discovered _________ now. A. a way to create water on the moon. B. the hydrogen will turn into water. C. a lot of hydrogen in the soil on the moon. D. the water will come out as vapor. 2. The key condition to turn hydrogen and minerals into water is _________ A. heating the soil. B. sorting the soil. C. mixing the soil. D. freezing the soil. 3. How much water can we get from 1 ton of lunar soil? A. A gram. B. Over 50 kilograms. C. 51 milligrams. D. 76 milligrams. 4. Where can we read the passage? A. In a story magazine. B. In a travel journal. C. In a science magazine. D. In a sports newspaper. B The Strait of Hormuz (霍尔木兹海峡) is a narrow (窄的) and important sea channel (航道) in West Asia. It lies between Iran (伊朗) and Oman (阿曼) . The narrowest part of the strait is only about 33 kilometers wide. It connects the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and the Indian Ocean. There is no other direct sea road linking these two waters, so this strait is the only ocean way out of the Persian Gulf. Lots of oil and natural gas are stored under the sea floor of the Persian Gulf. Every day, thousands of large ships carry these energy supplies across the strait to different countries all over the world. Over 20 percent of the world’s oil carried by ships and lots of natural gas travel through this waterway. Most of them go to Asia and Europe to help people’s daily life and factory work. People often call it the world’s “energy throat”. The word “throat” means a narrow path (小路) that everything must pass through. Along the two sides of the strait, we can see rocky coasts and low mountains. The seawater here stays warm all year round. Many kinds of sea fish live in these waters, and local people nearby make a living by fishing and small sea trade. Without this strait, it would be hard to send the gulf’s oil and gas to other parts of the world. It plays an important role in moving energy around the whole world. 5. Where is the Strait of Hormuz? A. Between China and Japan. B. Between Iran and Oman. C. Between India and Pakistan. D. Between Europe and Africa. 6. The word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to _________. A. large ships B. sea fish C. different countries D. oil and natural gas 7. What does “energy throat” mean in the passage? A. A place that looks like a neck. B. A narrow path to pass through. C. A place for people to talk about energy. D. A place with lots of underground energy. 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The trade history of the Middle East. B. Countries around the Persian Gulf. C. The value of the Strait of Hormuz. D. Ways to make ships safer on the sea. C A shop owner put up a sign above his door that said: “Pets For Sale”. Just as he expected, a boy appeared at the sign. “How much are you going to sell the dogs for?” he asked. The owner replied, “Any money from $30 to $50.” The little boy took out some money from his pocket. “I have $2.37”, he said. “Can I look at them?” “Sure,” the owner smiled, taking out five little dogs. One was left behind. The little boy pointed to him and asked “What’s wrong with him?” The owner then explained that the little dog was disabled. And he would never be able to walk quickly. The little boy became excited, “That’s the dog I want to buy!” The owner said, “No, you don’t need to buy that little dog. If you really want him, I’ll just give him to you.” The little boy got quite upset. He looked into the store owner’s eyes and said, “I don’t want you to give him to me for free. That little dog is worth the same as all the other dogs and I’ll pay full price. In fact, I’ll give you $2.37 now, and I will pay the rest of the money in a month.” The owner was surprised, “He can’t run or jump and never play with you like the other dogs.” On hearing this, the little boy rolled up his trouser leg to show his left leg supported by a big metal bracket (支架) . He looked up at the shop owner and softly replied, “Well, I don’t run so well, either, and the little dog needs someone who understands him!” 9. What did the boy want to do when he knew about the price for the dogs? A. To buy all of them. B. To feed all of them. C. To take a look at them. D. To get one of them for free. 10. Why was the boy interested in the disabled dog? A. Because the dog was similar to him. B. Because the dog was active and ran the fastest. C. Because the dog looked like the one he had before. D. Because the dog was the only one that he could afford. 11. Which is the correct order of the following events according to the passage? ① The boy asked to look at the dogs with only $2.37. ② The shop owner took out five little dogs for the boy to see. ③ The boy rolled up his trouser leg and showed his disabled leg. ④ The boy told the shop owner he would pay full price for the disabled dog. A. ①②③④ B. ①③②④ C. ③①②④ D. ①②④③ 12. What can we infer (推断) from the text? A. The little dog will walk quickly with the help of the boy. B. The shop owner gave the disabled dog to the boy for free. C. The boy will go to the shop again to pay the rest of the money. D. The shop owner will never know why the boy wanted that dog. D Some people say The Classic of Mountains and Seas is just a book of myths (神话). It talks about strange creatures, like a bird with three legs and a horse with a human face. These sound too odd (古怪的) to be real, so many think they’re made-up stories to entertain or teach lessons. But others believe it has historical roots. The book describes mountains, rivers, and tribes (部落) in detail. Some places it mentions, like the Yellow River, still exist (存在) today. This makes people wonder if the writers recorded what they saw, even if they exaggerated (夸张) a little. Interesting links to modern discoveries make the argument popular. Take Sanxingdui as an example: a bronze (青铜) tree with nine branches (树枝) was unearthed, which matches a tree mentioned in Classic of Mountains and Seas. Such similarities make us question if the book holds memories of lost prehistoric cultures. It’s also possible that time changes how we see it. Long ago, people explained unknown things with stories. A rare (罕见的) animal might become a “monster” (妖怪) in their words. So what feels like myth now could have been their way of writing history. Maybe we don’t need to choose. The Classic of Mountains and Seas could be both: a collection of ancient stories that also holds clues to the past. It shows how people thought and lived, which is a kind of history too. In the end, whether myth or history, it matters because it connects us to our roots—especially as new finds like Sanxingdui build a bridge between its pages and reality. 13. What can we know about the book? A. It was written recently. B. Some places in it still exist. C. None of its stories are true. D. All its stories are real history. 14. Which word shows the writer’s attitude (态度) best? A. doubtful B. objective (客观的) C. bored D. negative 15. Why did ancient people write stories according to Para 4? A. To explain things they didn’t know. B. To show the lost prehistoric cultures. C. To talk about mountains, rivers, and tribes. D. To record farming work and people’s thought. 16. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A. To tell strange animal stories in the book. B. To say the book is completely true history. C. To show the book has both myths and history. D. To introduce the special bronze tree of Sanxingdui. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Do you ever feel like you are just rushing from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, maybe you can’t understand clearly what you are doing or learning so it is important to stop yourself to think about what you have been doing or learning. ____17____ By calming down and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to think about what it has already received. Some people prefer to do self-reflection only in their mind. Others keep a diary. What’s more, taking notes is also OK. Each method works, depending on your own personal learning. ____18____ First, choose the proper time to do it. School textbooks are divided into units of study. This makes it easier to begin self-reflection. Look for time when you complete a unit of study. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks to stop and do self-reflection. ____19____ Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections. Finally, think about things that you are not sure of. Maybe you learned a new way to work out a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. ____20____ It’s helpful to look for answers the next time when you are working with the same topic. Successful students always know the importance of self-reflection. If you have never taken the time to do self-reflection, try it now. A. You can follow the steps to do self-reflection. B. Then, find a quiet place and take out your reflection diary. C. Write down your questions about something you’re not sure of. D. Second, talk to your friends or your family that you trust the most. E. Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and calming yourself. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ann was my first close friend after I moved to Australia last year. We first met in the small park at the end of our quiet street when we both took our pet dogs out to ____21____. We chatted warmly as our dogs ran and played together on the green grass. We shared lots of little stories every time we met, and we soon became really good ____22____ within just a few weeks. One afternoon when we walked our dogs as usual, Ann asked whether I had free time this coming Saturday. She wanted to invite me to join a small dinner ____23____ at her house with several neighbors. I looked through my daily plan and told her I was totally available. We continued our walk and talked happily about the coming dinner. Right before we parted, Ann told me to bring a plate with me when I visited her home. I felt quite ____24____ and wondered why she needed an empty plate, yet I didn’t ____25____ to her about my question. On Saturday morning, I picked a nice decorated plate and took it to Ann’s house. As soon as she opened the door and saw the empty plate in my hands, she laughed ____26____. She invited me inside and patiently told me that “bring a plate” is a local custom here. It actually means bringing some homemade food to ____27____ with everyone instead of just an empty plate. I didn’t realize this cultural ____28____ before. Later I ____29____ lots of tasty dishes from other guests and had great fun. This funny experience taught me an important ____30____ about different cultural customs. I will keep this warm memory in my heart forever. 21. A. jump B. walk C. sleep D. swim 22. A. guests B. classmates C. friends D. relatives 23. A. party B. exam C. concert D. competition 24. A. familiar B. embarrassed C. excited D. confused 25. A. give up B. speak up C. fix up D. clean up 26. A. loudly B. correctly C. secretly D. slowly 27. A. fight B. argue C. share D. compare 28. A. effect B. difference C. background D. value 29. A. brought B. returned C. provided D. tasted 30. A. problem B. worth C. lesson D. sign 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 As we all know, Fan Zhongyan’s Memorial to Yueyang Tower is one of the most famous ancient articles in China. His famous sentence “Be the first to worry about the country’s hardships, the last to enjoy its happiness” _____31_____ (catch) lots of readers’ hearts since hundreds of years ago. Fan Zhongyan lived a hard life as a kid. His father died young, _____32_____ he and his mother suffered from hunger and cold all year round. He loved reading _____33_____ (deep), but his family was too poor to afford pens, paper or even enough food. He tried his best to finish all his reading tasks _____34_____ time before the sun went down. When he grew _____35_____ (old), he went to study in a quiet mountain temple. Every day he only had a bowl of thin porridge. After the porridge turned cold, he divided it into four parts for his breakfast and supper. Reading as many books as he could _____36_____ (make) him get much useful knowledge. One cold winter night, while other kids _____37_____ (sleep) comfortably in warm quilts at home, he kept copying articles alone beside the cold stone wall in the temple. He only had simple food to eat and often reminded _____38_____ (he) never to give up studying no matter how difficult life was. The _____39_____ (boy) hard experience built his strong will and noble mind. Later he became _____40_____ honest and responsible official who cared about common people. We should always learn his spirit of persistence and selflessness. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41~43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 In April 2025, Hubei Province met strong winds and brought lots of problems to local people. Spring in Hubei is usually warm with soft wind, but this time strong winds swept Wuhan, Xiangyang and other cities. The wind speed reached over eighty kilometres per hour. Before the wind came, the weather was dry and warm. Meteorologists said cold air from the north caused the strong wind. Hubei is in central China. It is mainly made up of plains and mountains. Wind blew harder on open land, while mountains could slow the wind down. People closed window s tightly to stop possible damage. Many trees and advertising signs fell down. Roads are covered with broken branches. Besides, all outdoor activities were put off. People were told to stay at home. To keep safe, experts asked people not to walk near tall buildings and close windows well. Few people saw such strong spring winds, so many felt scared. Though the wind brought much trouble to people’s life, it also had good sides. For example, they helped reduce air pollution by blowing away smog (雾霾) and make the sky clearer. Farmers also welcomed them because they not only kept mold (霉菌) away from damaging crops but also brought needed rain. 41. How fast did the strong wind blow? ________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why did people shut their windows tightly? ________________________________________________________________________ 43. List two bad influences that the strong winds bring to people’s life. ________________________________________________________________________ 44. What preparations should we make in daily life before natural disasters come? (More than 30 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假定你是李华，外国笔友Tom来信询问你暑假可以怎样过得充实有意义。请你给他回信，结合你以往的亲身经历给出建议： 1. 读一本好书，并推荐一本书； 2. 参加一次志愿者活动，分享你曾经做志愿的经历； 3. 提出希望。 要求： 1. 书信格式完整，行文连贯，要点齐全 2. 词数80-100，所给词不计入词数。 3. 不要出现班级和姓名。 Dear Tom, Glad to receive your letter. You asked me how to spend a meaningful summer vacation. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $