精品解析：广东省深圳市多校联考2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共8页，47小题，满分120分。考试用时120分钟 1. 答题前, 考生请务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案, 答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Having a quality first aid kit allows you to treat minor injuries, prevent infections, and even increase the chances of keeping an accident victim alive until proper medical help arrives. We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online. Adventure Medical Kit Recommended uses: Picnics Item Feature: Kit measures approximately 6x8.5x3 inches. It provides critical information on wound care,stabilizing sprains, and medications for children. It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags. Protect Life Kit Recommended uses: Traveling Item Feature: Designed by doctors and EM’Ts & CPR instructors, the first aid medical kit is packed full of first aid supplies. It is packed in a hardshell case with lightweight. The bag can be refilled, so it is an ideal mini first aid kit for businesses. Disaster Zone Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: The pack is designed for first responders in disaster zones, with all emergency necessities.Whatever adventures you engage in, take our tactical first aid kit. Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch. Outdoor Emergency Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: Designed by survivalists, it contains essential first aid supplies and survival tools required for emergencies. Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures. It is stuffed with blanket, flashlight, multi-function bracelet (compass, whistle), knife, two 12-hour glow sticks and emergency raincoats. 1. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the best first aid kits. B. To ask the readers to buy first aid kits. C. To advocate the importance of first aid. D. To inform the readers of online first aid. 2. Which kit promises medical team support? A. Adventure Medical Kit. B. Protect Life Kit. C. Disaster Zone Kit. D. Outdoor Emergency Kit. 3. What do Adventure Medical Kit and Outdoor Emergency Kit have in common? A. They are light-weighted. B. They are water-resistant. C. They are intended for children. D. They are designed by rescuers. B A 13-year-old boy, Jonathan Werner, is breaking a new path when it comes to the Scout (童子军) slogan “Do a Good Turn Daily”. The boy in Troop 506 has got an unusual high rank for someone of that age. Like many troops, 506 sells popcorn each fall to raise money. In 2019, Jonathan watched as kids who’d made $1,800 or more in sales received a Lego set as a reward. “I really wanted that Lego set,” he says. The next year, he earned his Lego set. But Troop 506 doesn’t just give out Lego sets. Under its generous reward program, scouts receive a percentage of their sales in gift cards and cash points. Inspired, Jonathan spent the next few years developing some astonishing tricks for selling. Popcorn too expensive? A simple donation would do. No cash? Credit cards were acceptable. He set up in front of local stores, working 12 hours a day. He even struck a deal with a car dealer: In all his sales efforts, he’d wear a mask with the company’s logo if the owner would buy popcorn for all his employees. Jonathan started pulling down jaw-dropping numbers. In 2021, he earned $46,193.75 in sales. He might have spent much on himself, but he had other ideas. The popcorn season closes in late November, and the holidays were on his mind — particularly the stories his father, Steve Kolk, had told him about his own days in foster (寄养) care. “They didn’t really have New Year.” Jonathan says. With $5,000, he could bring New Year to a lot of kids. He shifted from a big seller to a big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids according to their personal details. Each present must be hand-wrapped. And no kid should get just one gift. If you weren’t unwrapping at least two packages, you weren’t getting the real New Year morning experience that his father never had. The next year he strengthened his efforts, achieving a higher aim in sales and spending more on gifts. “It really makes me happy,” he says, “the feeling that I’m making those kids happy on New Year.” 4. What originally motivated Jonathan to sell more popcorn? A. Making money for Lego sets. B. Being persuaded by scout kids. C. Desiring a toy he dreamed about. D. Receiving gift cards and cash points. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Challenges Jonathan met in sales. B. Help that the car dealer provided. C. Marketing strategies Jonathan used. D. The role the reward program played. 6. Why did Jonathan turn into a big spender over New Year? A. He hoped the kids could experience real New Year. B. His father suggested he should pay it forward. C. He had earned enough money to spend on gifts. D. A scout should do this during the popcorn closing season. 7. Which of the following can best describe Jonathan? A. Determined and caring. B. Generous and cautious. C. Confident but selfish. D. Modest but pessimistic. C Imagine it’s Saturday morning. You’re relaxing when your best friend texts, “Could you help me move today?” You sigh — there go your weekend plans — but reply, “Of course.” A week later, a coworker you barely know asks for a hand. This time, you hesitate. Psychologists call this tendency “social discounting”: our generosity declines as social distance increases. But what happens in the brain during these decisions? A small region called the basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a key role. It helps us balance self-interest with social intentions by assigning value to both our own well-being and that of others. To test this, researchers studied individuals in South Africa with Urbach-Wiethe disease, a rare genetic condition that damages the BLA. They compared five women with this disease to 16 healthy participants in a social discounting task. Each person listed eight people, ranging from their closest friend to a complete stranger, and decided how much money to share with each. As expected, all participants gave more to close contacts. Interestingly, those with BLA damage were less generous overall, and their generosity decreased more sharply as social distance increased. These differences could not be explained by personality or empathy levels. The findings suggest the BLA helps people create a “model” of the social world to guide decision-making. An unharmed BLA allows us to consider social context and rules when deciding whether to be generous. Without it, individuals may rely on a “standard” strategy, unless the receiver is emotionally very close, in which case helping remains automatic. Generosity is therefore not an all-or-nothing trait; it is a model-based social behavior, shaped by how close we feel to the receiver of help. And deep in the brain, the basolateral amygdala is helping us do that calculation. 8. Why does the author describe the “moving-day dilemma” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate how social discounting works. B. To argue people should treat others equally. C. To show generosity is mainly driven by emotions. D. To suggest a conflict between self and others’ interest. 9. What do researchers try to show by comparing the two groups? A. The risk of the Urbach-Wiethe disease. B. The BLA’s role in social decision-making. C. The difference in participants’ social network. D. The personality’s influence on social discounting. 10. What can be inferred from the findings in social decision-making? A. People with Urbach-Wiethe are more generous. B. BLA damage leads to complete loss of generosity. C. BLA allows individuals to weigh social information. D. Personality can potentially affect BLA-harmed people. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Brain’s Role: How We Balance Choices. B. The BLA: A Hidden Guide to Social Behavior. C. Social Discounting: Why We Help Our Friends. D. Urbach-Wiethe Disease: A Rare Genetic Condition. D Do you concern that you have spent too much time on surfing online with your phone? But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders. The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month. Although the participants had to block the internet on their phones, they were allowed to maintain mobile connection (through texts and calls) and non-mobile access to the internet (e.g. through desktop computers). During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. The results showed that 91% of the participants improved their scores in at least one aspect (方面). 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better happiness. A break from the internet on their phones also improved the participants’ attention. “The effects on attention were about as large as if the participants had become 10 years younger,” said one of the researchers. “I’m not surprised by the findings,” says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. “Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop,” she says, “When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.” 12. What does the underlined word “hiatus” refer to? A. Break. B. Belief. C. Review. D. Preference. 13. What were the participants required to do during the study? A. To block the calls from their friends. B. To stop going online with their mobile. C. To text the researchers from time to time. D. To limit their access to physical activities. 14. What do we know about the process of the study? A. Three measuring methods were conducted. B. Doctors were invited to examine the participants. C. Computers were used to report the positive effects. D. The participants’ attention was measured by a survey. 15. What does Dr. Julia think of the findings of the study? A. Unexpected. B. Creative. C. Confusing. D. Encouraging. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I grew up in Sichuan, but I only learned to cook surprisingly late in life, after moving to Germany when I began missing the taste of home. My first adult kitchen was in a small shared flat in Berlin — Mitte. Out of necessity, I turned to Xiachufang, a Chinese user-generated recipe (菜谱) app, and taught myself a handful of dishes. ____16____ And over the next decade, I must have made it at least fifty, if not a hundred times. I know I’m not alone. For many Chinese immigrants, tomato and egg is the first dish we master once we leave home. ____17____ It only began appearing in Chinese kitchens in the 1940s, yet it somehow became the most “default (默认的)” of home-cooked meals. ____18____ Some will claim no version (版本) tops their mother’s. Others chase down hidden menu at high-end restaurants or drive across Chengdu just for the plate everyone says is “the best”. For all its simplicity, with just tomatoes, eggs, oil, and salt, some versions do taste better than others. ____19____ This summer, though, with late-season tomatoes at their peak, I decided to test what actually makes a difference. I cooked plate after plate, sometimes five or six times within two weeks. At one point, I threw a batch (一批) into the fridge, determined never to see tomato and egg again. ____20____ A. They were an absolute treat. B. Tomato and egg stir-fry was one of them. C. The dish often pulled me back to my childhood. D. The surprising fact is that the dish itself is relatively young. E. Today, tomato and egg are both universal and deeply personal. F. Yet the next day, I reheated it, paired it with steamed rice, and ate up the whole thing. G. For years, I made mine with the cheapest supermarket tomatoes I could find in Germany. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Peregrine Church, a former magician, has always struggled with the gloomy weather in his home city of Seattle. Thus, he wanted to come up with a new way to surprise and delight people, in part to help ____21____ his own mood in the dark days of winter. He developed a(n) ____22____ spray (喷雾) that can be used to make sidewalk art that can last for up to four months. The water-based solution proves environmentally friendly as it degrades ____23____. Most importantly, it ensures that the art work appears only when wet. “It gives people a ____24____ to look forward to the rainy days,” Church said. He had no idea that what started as his own experiment would ____25____ to other cities in the United States and even around the world. Church’s ____26____ came from a viral video, in which clothes were sprayed with a hydrophobic (不溶于水的) coating, a substance that protects ____27____ from getting wet. This sparked a question in his mind: could the same ____28____ be applied to sidewalks? After trial and error, he finally ____29____ the right method for his sidewalk art. Recently, he has partnered with schools and authorities to create ____30____ amusement for those waiting or walking down the street on dull days. The art never fails to arouse ____31____ in viewers. “You could see their faces light up,” one official recalled. Church also sells the spray and tools to help people make their own rain art for special ____32____, like festivals or celebrations. The only challenge is timing. The ground needs to be ____33____ enough to make the art and then wet enough for it to ____34____. Church hopes that he can inspire others to break free from daily routine. “The whole goal is to make people ____35____ when it rains,” he said. 21. A. lift B. hide C. maintain D. detect 22. A. complex B. invisible C. expensive D. cooling 23. A. slowly B. suddenly C. partially D. naturally 24. A. way B. need C. reason D. chance 25. A. return B. switch C. jump D. spread 26. A. fortune B. inspiration C. memory D. reputation 27. A. items B. devices C. creations D. surfaces 28. A. test B. label C. principle D. art 29. A. hit on B. set aside C. referred to D. gave away 30. A. basic B. ordinary C. rigid D. playful 31. A. delight B. pride C. curiosity D. confusion 32. A. parties B. functions C. occasions D. affairs 33. A. dry B. flat C. hard D. clean 34. A. fade away B. show up C. take in D. come off 35. A. wait B. draw C. run D. smile 第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 200 years ago, an opera troupe (表演团) from what is now Anhui Province ____36____ (journey) to Beijing, the capital city, to celebrate Emperor Qianlong’s birthday during the Qing Dynasty. This historical event contributed ____37____ the birth of Peking Opera. Based on the clothing of the Ming and Qing dynasties, ____38____ costumes of Peking Opera underwent a transformation spanning over 200 years. Enriched by the diverse cultural influences from different ____39____ (region) across the country, these costumes ____40____ (gradual) evolved into a set of delicate, detailed and elegant dress codes. Costumes are crucial to the artistic beauty of Peking Opera, ____41____ (support) character images and enhancing the performance’s expressiveness. Upon a performer’s entrance onto the stage, seasoned audience can quickly ____42____ (identity) the character based on the costume and makeup. When several performers appear, it is also easy to tell the social position ____43____ they belong to in society, especially in the stories which ____44____ (set) in ancient China, in Tang and Song dynasties, for example. Traditionally, Peking Opera collection includes 3,000 stories set in Tang and 800 set in Song, as well as numerous ones in eras such as the Warring States Period, Ming and Qing. The ____45____ (present) of so many stories relies largely on costumes packed in the limited costume trunks owned by a troupe. 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 近年来，越来越多的博物馆推出了线上看展服务。你们学校的英文校报Technology vs. Tradition专栏就此现象展开征稿，话题是“Is visiting museums online a good or bad idea?”，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Is visiting museums online a good or bad idea? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 看图续写(满分25分) 47. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。 注意：词数不少于60。 提示词：西瓜watermelon _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共8页，47小题，满分120分。考试用时120分钟 1. 答题前, 考生请务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案, 答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Having a quality first aid kit allows you to treat minor injuries, prevent infections, and even increase the chances of keeping an accident victim alive until proper medical help arrives. We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online. Adventure Medical Kit Recommended uses: Picnics Item Feature: Kit measures approximately 6x8.5x3 inches. It provides critical information on wound care,stabilizing sprains, and medications for children. It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags. Protect Life Kit Recommended uses: Traveling Item Feature: Designed by doctors and EM’Ts & CPR instructors, the first aid medical kit is packed full of first aid supplies. It is packed in a hardshell case with lightweight. The bag can be refilled, so it is an ideal mini first aid kit for businesses. Disaster Zone Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: The pack is designed for first responders in disaster zones, with all emergency necessities.Whatever adventures you engage in, take our tactical first aid kit. Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch. Outdoor Emergency Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: Designed by survivalists, it contains essential first aid supplies and survival tools required for emergencies. Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures. It is stuffed with blanket, flashlight, multi-function bracelet (compass, whistle), knife, two 12-hour glow sticks and emergency raincoats. 1. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the best first aid kits. B. To ask the readers to buy first aid kits. C. To advocate the importance of first aid. D. To inform the readers of online first aid. 2. Which kit promises medical team support? A. Adventure Medical Kit. B. Protect Life Kit. C. Disaster Zone Kit. D. Outdoor Emergency Kit. 3. What do Adventure Medical Kit and Outdoor Emergency Kit have in common? A. They are light-weighted. B. They are water-resistant. C. They are intended for children. D. They are designed by rescuers. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些最好的急救箱。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online.(我们在实验室里测试了几十个最好用的急救箱。根据我们的测试，这里是网上最好的)”可知，文章主要介绍了经过测试最好的急救箱，故本文目的是介绍一些最好的急救箱，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Disaster Zone Kit部分中“Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch.(如果您在没有急救箱的情况下遇到任何问题，请立即与我们联系，我们的医疗团队将与您联系)”可知，灾难急救箱有医疗团队支持，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Adventure Medical Kit部分中“It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags.(它包含了广泛的药物治疗疼痛，和常见的过敏，包装在尼龙外袋与防水内塑料储存袋)”和Outdoor Emergency Kit部分中“Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures.(这款防水装备只有2磅重，是你冒险的必备装备)”可知，两款急救箱的共同点是防水，故选B。 B A 13-year-old boy, Jonathan Werner, is breaking a new path when it comes to the Scout (童子军) slogan “Do a Good Turn Daily”. The boy in Troop 506 has got an unusual high rank for someone of that age. Like many troops, 506 sells popcorn each fall to raise money. In 2019, Jonathan watched as kids who’d made $1,800 or more in sales received a Lego set as a reward. “I really wanted that Lego set,” he says. The next year, he earned his Lego set. But Troop 506 doesn’t just give out Lego sets. Under its generous reward program, scouts receive a percentage of their sales in gift cards and cash points. Inspired, Jonathan spent the next few years developing some astonishing tricks for selling. Popcorn too expensive? A simple donation would do. No cash? Credit cards were acceptable. He set up in front of local stores, working 12 hours a day. He even struck a deal with a car dealer: In all his sales efforts, he’d wear a mask with the company’s logo if the owner would buy popcorn for all his employees. Jonathan started pulling down jaw-dropping numbers. In 2021, he earned $46,193.75 in sales. He might have spent much on himself, but he had other ideas. The popcorn season closes in late November, and the holidays were on his mind — particularly the stories his father, Steve Kolk, had told him about his own days in foster (寄养) care. “They didn’t really have New Year.” Jonathan says. With $5,000, he could bring New Year to a lot of kids. He shifted from a big seller to a big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids according to their personal details. Each present must be hand-wrapped. And no kid should get just one gift. If you weren’t unwrapping at least two packages, you weren’t getting the real New Year morning experience that his father never had. The next year he strengthened his efforts, achieving a higher aim in sales and spending more on gifts. “It really makes me happy,” he says, “the feeling that I’m making those kids happy on New Year.” 4. What originally motivated Jonathan to sell more popcorn? A. Making money for Lego sets. B. Being persuaded by scout kids. C. Desiring a toy he dreamed about. D. Receiving gift cards and cash points. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Challenges Jonathan met in sales. B. Help that the car dealer provided. C. Marketing strategies Jonathan used. D. The role the reward program played. 6. Why did Jonathan turn into a big spender over New Year? A. He hoped the kids could experience real New Year. B. His father suggested he should pay it forward. C. He had earned enough money to spend on gifts. D. A scout should do this during the popcorn closing season. 7. Which of the following can best describe Jonathan? A. Determined and caring. B. Generous and cautious. C. Confident but selfish. D. Modest but pessimistic. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述13岁童子军乔纳森为心仪玩具售卖爆米花，创新销售方式收获高额收入，并花钱为寄养儿童购置新年礼物、传递温暖的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 2019, Jonathan watched as kids who’d made $1,800 or more in sales received a Lego set as a reward. “I really wanted that Lego set,” he says.(2019年，乔纳森看到销售额达到1800美元及以上的孩子能获得一套乐高积木作为奖励。他说：“我真的很想要那套乐高积木。”)”可知，乔纳森最初努力售卖更多爆米花是为了得到自己梦寐以求的玩具。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Popcorn too expensive? A simple donation would do. No cash? Credit cards were acceptable. He set up in front of local stores, working 12 hours a day. He even struck a deal with a car dealer: In all his sales efforts, he’d wear a mask with the company’s logo if the owner would buy popcorn for all his employees.(爆米花太贵？简单的捐款也可以。没有现金？也可以刷信用卡。他在当地商店门口摆摊，每天工作12个小时。他甚至和一位汽车经销商达成合作：如果老板为所有员工购买爆米花，他就全程佩戴印有该公司标志的口罩售卖)”可知，第四段主要介绍了乔纳森售卖爆米花用到的各类营销方法与策略。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的““They didn’t really have New Year.” Jonathan says. With $5,000, he could bring New Year to a lot of kids.(“他们没有体验过真正的新年，”Jonathan说。有了5000美元，他可以给很多孩子带来新年。)”和“If you weren’t unwrapping at least two packages, you weren’t getting the real New Year morning experience that his father never had.(如果孩子拆不到至少两份礼物，就无法拥有他父亲从未体验过的真正的新年清晨氛围)”可知，乔纳森在新年期间大量花钱购置礼物，是希望孩子们能够体验到真正的新年。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He set up in front of local stores, working 12 hours a day.(他在本地商店门口摆摊，每天工作12小时)”以及第七段中的“The next year he strengthened his efforts, achieving a higher aim in sales and spending more on gifts.(第二年他更加努力，实现了更高的销售目标，也花更多钱购买礼物)”可知，乔纳森意志坚定；根据第六段中的“With $5,000, he could bring New Year to a lot of kids. He shifted from a big seller to a big spender, hand-selecting $5,000 worth of gifts for dozens of kids according to their personal details.(有了5000美元，他可以给很多孩子带来新年。他从销售大户变成了大手笔花费的人，根据几十个孩子的个人信息亲手挑选价值5000美元的礼物)”以及第七段中的““It really makes me happy,” he says, “the feeling that I’m making those kids happy on New Year.”(他说，“那种我让孩子们在新年感到开心的感觉，真的让我快乐”)”可知，他心怀善意、关爱他人，因此“坚定且有爱心”最符合对乔纳森的描述。 C Imagine it’s Saturday morning. You’re relaxing when your best friend texts, “Could you help me move today?” You sigh — there go your weekend plans — but reply, “Of course.” A week later, a coworker you barely know asks for a hand. This time, you hesitate. Psychologists call this tendency “social discounting”: our generosity declines as social distance increases. But what happens in the brain during these decisions? A small region called the basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a key role. It helps us balance self-interest with social intentions by assigning value to both our own well-being and that of others. To test this, researchers studied individuals in South Africa with Urbach-Wiethe disease, a rare genetic condition that damages the BLA. They compared five women with this disease to 16 healthy participants in a social discounting task. Each person listed eight people, ranging from their closest friend to a complete stranger, and decided how much money to share with each. As expected, all participants gave more to close contacts. Interestingly, those with BLA damage were less generous overall, and their generosity decreased more sharply as social distance increased. These differences could not be explained by personality or empathy levels. The findings suggest the BLA helps people create a “model” of the social world to guide decision-making. An unharmed BLA allows us to consider social context and rules when deciding whether to be generous. Without it, individuals may rely on a “standard” strategy, unless the receiver is emotionally very close, in which case helping remains automatic. Generosity is therefore not an all-or-nothing trait; it is a model-based social behavior, shaped by how close we feel to the receiver of help. And deep in the brain, the basolateral amygdala is helping us do that calculation. 8. Why does the author describe the “moving-day dilemma” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate how social discounting works. B. To argue people should treat others equally. C. To show generosity is mainly driven by emotions. D. To suggest a conflict between self and others’ interest. 9. What do researchers try to show by comparing the two groups? A. The risk of the Urbach-Wiethe disease. B. The BLA’s role in social decision-making. C. The difference in participants’ social network. D. The personality’s influence on social discounting. 10. What can be inferred from the findings in social decision-making? A. People with Urbach-Wiethe are more generous. B. BLA damage leads to complete loss of generosity. C. BLA allows individuals to weigh social information. D. Personality can potentially affect BLA-harmed people. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Brain’s Role: How We Balance Choices. B. The BLA: A Hidden Guide to Social Behavior. C. Social Discounting: Why We Help Our Friends. D. Urbach-Wiethe Disease: A Rare Genetic Condition. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了大脑中基底外侧杏仁核（BLA）在社交决策中的作用，揭示了BLA如何帮助人们根据社交距离调整慷慨程度。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“You sigh — there go your weekend plans — but reply, “Of course.” A week later, a coworker you barely know asks for a hand. This time, you hesitate. Psychologists call this tendency “social discounting”: our generosity declines as social distance increases. (你叹了口气——周末计划泡汤了——但还是回复：“当然可以。”一周后，一个你几乎不认识的同事请求帮忙。这一次，你犹豫了。心理学家将这种倾向称为“社交贴现”：我们的慷慨程度随着社交距离的增加而下降。)”可知，作者通过描述“搬家日困境”这一日常场景，引出了“社交贴现”这一心理学概念，是用具体事例说明其含义，第一段的作用是为了说明社交贴现是如何运作的。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But what happens in the brain during these decisions? A small region called the basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a key role. (但在这些决策过程中，大脑中发生了什么？一个叫做基底外侧杏仁核的小区域起着关键作用。)”以及第三段“To test this, researchers studied individuals in South Africa with Urbach-Wiethe disease, a rare genetic condition that damages the BLA. They compared five women with this disease to 16 healthy participants in a social discounting task. (为了验证这一点，研究人员研究了南非患有类脂蛋白沉积症的个体，这是一种罕见的遗传病，会损伤BLA。他们在一项社交贴现任务中，将患有这种疾病的5名女性与16名健康参与者进行了比较。)”可知，研究人员通过比较BLA受损患者与健康参与者，目的是测试BLA在社交决策中的作用。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The findings suggest the BLA helps people create a “model” of the social world to guide decision-making. An unharmed BLA allows us to consider social context and rules when deciding whether to be generous. (研究结果表明，BLA帮助人们创建一个社交世界的“模型”来指导决策。未受损的BLA使我们在决定是否慷慨时能够考虑社交情境和规则。)”可知，BLA使个体能够根据社交情境和规则调整决策，即权衡社交信息。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇引入“社交贴现”概念，第二段提出问题“大脑中发生了什么”并指出BLA起关键作用，第三段和第四段通过对比实验证明BLA受损影响慷慨程度，第五段解释BLA的功能，它能帮助创建社交世界模型以指导决策，最后一段总结慷慨是基于模型的社交行为，而BLA帮助进行计算。全文围绕BLA在社交决策中的作用展开，核心是揭示BLA如何指导社交行为。B选项“BLA：社交行为的隐性指南”准确概括了文章主旨。 D Do you concern that you have spent too much time on surfing online with your phone? But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders. The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month. Although the participants had to block the internet on their phones, they were allowed to maintain mobile connection (through texts and calls) and non-mobile access to the internet (e.g. through desktop computers). During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. The results showed that 91% of the participants improved their scores in at least one aspect (方面). 71% reported better mental health after the break, compared to before, and 73% reported better happiness. A break from the internet on their phones also improved the participants’ attention. “The effects on attention were about as large as if the participants had become 10 years younger,” said one of the researchers. “I’m not surprised by the findings,” says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. “Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop,” she says, “When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.” 12. What does the underlined word “hiatus” refer to? A. Break. B. Belief. C. Review. D. Preference. 13. What were the participants required to do during the study? A. To block the calls from their friends. B. To stop going online with their mobile. C. To text the researchers from time to time. D. To limit their access to physical activities. 14. What do we know about the process of the study? A. Three measuring methods were conducted. B. Doctors were invited to examine the participants. C. Computers were used to report the positive effects. D. The participants’ attention was measured by a survey. 15. What does Dr. Julia think of the findings of the study? A. Unexpected. B. Creative. C. Confusing. D. Encouraging. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项研究表明，暂停使用手机移动网络一个月能显著改善参与者的心理健康、幸福感及注意力，证明适度“数字断连”对生活质量有积极作用。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“But does stepping away from your phone really make a difference? Researchers say yes, and a hiatus in surfing the internet on your phone can do wonders. (但是远离手机真的有用吗？研究人员说是的，而你手机上网的一个hiatus就能创造奇迹)”可知，句中 hiatus 与前文 stepping away 语义一致，意为暂停、休息，与break意义相近。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers included 467 participants (参与者), aged 18 to 74, who were asked to install (安装) a mobile phone application to block all mobile internet access from their smartphones for a month. (研究人员招募了467名年龄在18至74岁之间的参与者，要求他们安装一款手机应用程序，在一个月内屏蔽智能手机上的所有移动互联网接入)”可知，参与者被要求在研究期间停止使用手机上网。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“During the study, the researchers measured the participants’ happiness by using the model that consists of self-reported positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction. And a survey, which is often used by doctors to test depression and anxiety, was conducted to rate the participants’ overall mental health. Besides, the participants’ attention was examined by a computer task. All the measures were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the four-week study. (在研究期间，研究人员通过使用由自我报告的积极效应、消极效应和生活满意度组成的模型来衡量参与者的幸福感。并进行了一项医生常用于测试抑郁和焦虑的调查，以评估参与者的整体心理健康状况。此外，参与者的注意力通过计算机任务进行检查。所有这些测量都在为期四周的研究的开始、中间和结束时进行)”可知，研究采用了主观幸福感模型、医学调查问卷和计算机任务三种测量方式。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““I’m not surprised by the findings,” says Dr. Julia, a psychologist at New York University. “Most people know their phones are a problem, but they just can’t stop,” she says, “When they start to behave as those in study — more exercise, time outdoors, good sleep, more social interactions — they naturally start to feel better. When people see this improvement in joy in such a short period of time, it gives them hope to have a try.”(“我对这些发现并不感到惊讶，”纽约大学的心理学家Julia博士说。“大多数人知道手机是个问题，但他们就是停不下来，”她说，“当他们开始像研究中的那些人一样行事——更多锻炼、户外时间、良好睡眠、更多社交互动——他们自然会开始感觉更好。当人们看到在如此短的时间内快乐有了这样的改善，这给了他们尝试的希望。”)”可知，Julia博士认为研究结果证实了人们的确可以通过减少手机使用来改善状态，且能给人带来改变的希望，因此是积极正向的。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I grew up in Sichuan, but I only learned to cook surprisingly late in life, after moving to Germany when I began missing the taste of home. My first adult kitchen was in a small shared flat in Berlin — Mitte. Out of necessity, I turned to Xiachufang, a Chinese user-generated recipe (菜谱) app, and taught myself a handful of dishes. ____16____ And over the next decade, I must have made it at least fifty, if not a hundred times. I know I’m not alone. For many Chinese immigrants, tomato and egg is the first dish we master once we leave home. ____17____ It only began appearing in Chinese kitchens in the 1940s, yet it somehow became the most “default (默认的)” of home-cooked meals. ____18____ Some will claim no version (版本) tops their mother’s. Others chase down hidden menu at high-end restaurants or drive across Chengdu just for the plate everyone says is “the best”. For all its simplicity, with just tomatoes, eggs, oil, and salt, some versions do taste better than others. ____19____ This summer, though, with late-season tomatoes at their peak, I decided to test what actually makes a difference. I cooked plate after plate, sometimes five or six times within two weeks. At one point, I threw a batch (一批) into the fridge, determined never to see tomato and egg again. ____20____ A. They were an absolute treat. B. Tomato and egg stir-fry was one of them. C. The dish often pulled me back to my childhood. D. The surprising fact is that the dish itself is relatively young. E. Today, tomato and egg are both universal and deeply personal. F. Yet the next day, I reheated it, paired it with steamed rice, and ate up the whole thing. G. For years, I made mine with the cheapest supermarket tomatoes I could find in Germany. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己作为四川人，在移居德国后因思乡而学会烹饪，并从一道“西红柿炒蛋”入手，进而探讨了这道家常菜对于海外华人的特殊意义、其普及与个性化的特质，以及作者本人在尝试不同做法过程中的感悟与体验。 【16题详解】 上文“I grew up in Sichuan, but I only learned to cook surprisingly late in life, after moving to Germany when I began missing the taste of home. My first adult kitchen was in a small shared flat in Berlin — Mitte. Out of necessity, I turned to Xiachufang, a Chinese user-generated recipe (菜谱) app, and taught myself a handful of dishes. (我在四川长大，但我学会做饭晚得出奇，是在搬到德国后，因为开始想念家乡的味道。我第一个属于成年人的厨房在柏林米特区的一个合租小公寓里。出于需要，我转向了“下厨房”这个中国用户自创的食谱App，自学了几道菜)”讲述了作者在德国开始自学做菜的背景。B选项“Tomato and egg stir-fry was one of them. (西红柿炒蛋就是其中之一)”顺承上文，明确了“a handful of dishes”中的一道具体菜式，引出了后文将要围绕其展开的深入回忆和讨论。下文“And over the next decade, I must have made it at least fifty, if not a hundred times. (在接下来的十年里，我肯定至少做了它五十次，如果没有一百次的话)”中的“it”正是指代B选项中的“Tomato and egg stir-fry”。故选B项。 【17题详解】 上文“For many Chinese immigrants, tomato and egg is the first dish we master once we leave home. (对于许多中国移民来说，西红柿炒蛋是我们离开家后掌握的第一道菜)”指出了这道菜对海外华人的普遍意义。下文“It only began appearing in Chinese kitchens in the 1940s, yet it somehow became the most “default (默认的)” of home-cooked meals. (它直到20世纪40年代才开始出现在中国厨房中，但不知怎地就成为了最“默认的”家常菜)”说明了这道菜历史相对较短但却非常普及。D选项“The surprising fact is that the dish itself is relatively young. (令人惊讶的事实是，这道菜本身的历史相对较年轻)”位于两者之间，既承接上文关于“第一道菜”的普遍性论述，又引出了下文对其历史起源的具体说明，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。 【18题详解】 下文“Some will claim no version (版本) tops their mother’s. Others chase down hidden menu at high-end restaurants or drive across Chengdu just for the plate everyone says is “the best”. (有些人会声称没有哪个版本能胜过他们妈妈做的。另一些人则会追逐高端餐厅里的隐藏菜单，或者驱车穿越成都就为了那道大家都说是“最好的”菜)”描述了人们对这道菜的两种极端态度：一种是高度个人化的(妈妈版最好)，一种是追求极致的公认“最佳”。E选项“Today, tomato and egg are both universal and deeply personal. (如今，西红柿炒蛋既普遍存在，又极具个人色彩)”位于段首，作为本段的总起句，精准地概括了下文描述的两种现象所体现出的双重特性——普遍性（到处都有）和个人性（妈妈做的无可替代）。上下文形成“总—分”结构。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“For all its simplicity, with just tomatoes, eggs, oil, and salt, some versions do taste better than others. (尽管它很简单，只用西红柿、鸡蛋、油和盐，但有些版本确实比其他版本味道更好)”指出了简单材料下口味仍有差异。G选项“For years, I made mine with the cheapest supermarket tomatoes I could find in Germany. (多年来，我一直用我在德国能找到的最便宜的超市西红柿来做我的西红柿炒蛋)”顺承上文，以作者自身为例，说明了长期以来，他做的版本属于“others (其他版本)”之一，用的是普通便宜的食材，暗示这可能不是“taste better”的那个版本，为下文决定进行口味测试埋下伏笔。下文“This summer, though, with late-season tomatoes at their peak, I decided to test what actually makes a difference. (然而今年夏天，趁着晚季西红柿正当季，我决定测试一下到底是什么造成了差异)”中的“though”正是对G选项中长期使用便宜番茄做法的转折。故选G项。 【20题详解】 上文“I cooked plate after plate, sometimes five or six times within two weeks. At one point, I threw a batch (一批) into the fridge, determined never to see tomato and egg again. (我做了一盘又一盘，有时两周内做了五六次。有一次，我把一批倒进了冰箱，决心再也不做西红柿炒蛋了)”描述了作者因反复试做而感到极度厌倦，甚至决定放弃。F选项“Yet the next day, I reheated it, paired it with steamed rice, and ate up the whole thing. (然而第二天，我把它重新加热，配上米饭，吃得一干二净)”通过“Yet”形成强烈转折，生动地描绘了作者对这道菜矛盾而深沉的情感——尽管嘴上说厌倦，但身体和味蕾依然诚实，最终它依然是一道无法抗拒、能抚慰人心的家常美味。这个场景有力地总结了作者与这道菜之间纠缠又亲密的个人关系，给叙述增添了一个幽默而真实的结尾。故选F项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Peregrine Church, a former magician, has always struggled with the gloomy weather in his home city of Seattle. Thus, he wanted to come up with a new way to surprise and delight people, in part to help ____21____ his own mood in the dark days of winter. He developed a(n) ____22____ spray (喷雾) that can be used to make sidewalk art that can last for up to four months. The water-based solution proves environmentally friendly as it degrades ____23____. Most importantly, it ensures that the art work appears only when wet. “It gives people a ____24____ to look forward to the rainy days,” Church said. He had no idea that what started as his own experiment would ____25____ to other cities in the United States and even around the world. Church’s ____26____ came from a viral video, in which clothes were sprayed with a hydrophobic (不溶于水的) coating, a substance that protects ____27____ from getting wet. This sparked a question in his mind: could the same ____28____ be applied to sidewalks? After trial and error, he finally ____29____ the right method for his sidewalk art. Recently, he has partnered with schools and authorities to create ____30____ amusement for those waiting or walking down the street on dull days. The art never fails to arouse ____31____ in viewers. “You could see their faces light up,” one official recalled. Church also sells the spray and tools to help people make their own rain art for special ____32____, like festivals or celebrations. The only challenge is timing. The ground needs to be ____33____ enough to make the art and then wet enough for it to ____34____. Church hopes that he can inspire others to break free from daily routine. “The whole goal is to make people ____35____ when it rains,” he said. 21. A. lift B. hide C. maintain D. detect 22. A. complex B. invisible C. expensive D. cooling 23. A. slowly B. suddenly C. partially D. naturally 24. A. way B. need C. reason D. chance 25. A. return B. switch C. jump D. spread 26. A. fortune B. inspiration C. memory D. reputation 27. A. items B. devices C. creations D. surfaces 28. A. test B. label C. principle D. art 29. A. hit on B. set aside C. referred to D. gave away 30. A. basic B. ordinary C. rigid D. playful 31. A. delight B. pride C. curiosity D. confusion 32. A. parties B. functions C. occasions D. affairs 33. A. dry B. flat C. hard D. clean 34. A. fade away B. show up C. take in D. come off 35. A. wait B. draw C. run D. smile 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】前魔术师丘奇因西雅图常年阴雨，受疏水涂层视频启发研发遇水显现的隐形路面喷雾。该环保喷雾风靡全球，他还推广工具供人们节日创作，希望用雨天趣味画作让人们摆脱沉闷、展露笑容。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，他想出一种新奇的方式给人们带去惊喜与愉悦，部分原因是为了在冬日阴沉的日子里改善自己的心情。A. lift提升；B. hide隐藏；C. maintain维持；D. detect察觉。根据前文“has always struggled with the gloomy weather in his home city of Seattle”可知，西雅图常年阴沉天气让他心情低落，他想办法改善情绪，lift one’s mood为固定搭配，表示“提振心情”，符合语境。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他研发出一种隐形喷雾，用它在人行道创作的画作能留存长达四个月。A. complex复杂的；B. invisible隐形的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. cooling清凉的。根据后文“it ensures that the art work appears only when wet”可知，干燥时画作看不见，只有遇水才显现，所以喷雾形成的图案平时是隐形的。 【23题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种水溶性试剂十分环保，因为它会自然降解。A. slowly缓慢地；B. suddenly突然地；C. partially部分地；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“The water-based solution proves environmentally friendly”可知，产品环保，所以此处指环保试剂会自然分解。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：丘奇说：“这给了人们一个期待雨天的理由。”A. way方式；B. need需求；C. reason理由；D. chance机会。根据前文“the art work appears only when wet”描述雨天会浮现趣味路面画可知，此处指人们因此愿意盼望下雨，拥有期待雨天的缘由。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：他不知道，这场始于个人尝试的实验会传播到美国其他城市，甚至世界各地。A. return返回；B. switch转换；C. jump跳跃；D. spread传播。根据后文“to other cities in the United States and even around the world”以及语境可知，此处指这项创意从发源地扩散至全球各地。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：丘奇的灵感来源于一段热门短视频，视频里衣物喷上疏水涂层后，这种物质能保护物件不被打湿。A. fortune运气；B. inspiration灵感；C. memory记忆；D. reputation名声。根据后文“This sparked a question in his mind: could the same principle be applied to sidewalks?”可知，此处指视频让他萌生研发路面喷雾的想法，是创作灵感来源。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：丘奇的灵感来源于一段热门短视频，视频里衣物喷上疏水涂层，这种物质能保护表层不被打湿。A. items物品；B. devices设备；C. creations作品；D. surfaces表层。根据前文“clothes were sprayed with a hydrophobic (不溶于水的) coating”可知，疏水涂层是附着在衣物表层起到防水作用，后文他又将原理运用在人行道路面表层，前后对应表层这一概念，surfaces符合语境。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：这让他脑中产生一个疑问：相同的原理能否运用在人行道上？A. test测试；B. label标签；C. principle原理；D. art艺术。根据前文“clothes were sprayed with a hydrophobic (不溶于水的) coating, a substance that protects 　　　　 from getting wet”描述疏水涂层防水的底层逻辑可知，此处指他思考能否把这套原理迁移到路面。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：经过反复试验，他终于找到适合创作路面画作的正确方法。A. hit on偶然找到；B. set aside搁置；C. referred to提及；D. gave away赠送。根据前文“After trial and error”以及语境可知，此处指经历多次试错后终于摸索出可行方案，hit on表示“无意间找到办法”，符合语境。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最近，他与学校和当地部门合作，为阴雨天等候、走在街上的人们打造趣味消遣。A. basic基础的；B. ordinary普通的；C. rigid死板的；D. playful趣味好玩的。根据后文“The art never fails to arouse 　　　　 in viewers. You could see their faces light up”可知， 路面画作能让人展露笑颜，所以此处指为路人打造趣味消遣。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些画作总能唤起观赏者内心的愉悦。A. delight愉悦；B. pride自豪；C. curiosity好奇；D. confusion困惑。根据后文“You could see their faces light up”可知，人们看到画作面露喜色，内心充满欢喜。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：丘奇还售卖喷雾和工具，方便人们在各类特殊场合自制雨水画作，例如节日或庆典。A. parties派对；B. functions正式典礼；C. occasions场合；D. affairs事务。根据后文“like festivals or celebrations”以及语境可知，此处列举各类活动场景，special occasions为固定搭配，表示“特殊场合”，符合语境。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：唯一的难点在于把控时机。地面需要足够干燥才能作画，之后又要足够湿润，图案才能显现。A. dry干燥的；B. flat平坦的；C. hard坚硬的；D. clean干净的。根据前文“the art work appears only when wet”描述喷雾干燥后图案隐形可知，因此指作画时地面必须干燥。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：唯一的难点在于把控时机。地面需要足够干燥才能作画，之后又要足够湿润，图案才能显现。A. fade away消退；B. show up显现；C. take in吸收；D. come off脱落。根据前文“it ensures that the art work appears only when wet”以及语境可知，此处指遇水图案显现，show up符合语境。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：他说：“我的全部目标就是让人们在下雨时展露笑容。”A. wait等待；B. draw画画；C. run奔跑；D. smile微笑。根据前文“The art never fails to arouse 　　　　 in viewers. “You could see their faces light up,” one official recalled.”描述雨天路面画带给人们欢乐可知，此处指他希望雨天能让人们开心微笑。 第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 200 years ago, an opera troupe (表演团) from what is now Anhui Province ____36____ (journey) to Beijing, the capital city, to celebrate Emperor Qianlong’s birthday during the Qing Dynasty. This historical event contributed ____37____ the birth of Peking Opera. Based on the clothing of the Ming and Qing dynasties, ____38____ costumes of Peking Opera underwent a transformation spanning over 200 years. Enriched by the diverse cultural influences from different ____39____ (region) across the country, these costumes ____40____ (gradual) evolved into a set of delicate, detailed and elegant dress codes. Costumes are crucial to the artistic beauty of Peking Opera, ____41____ (support) character images and enhancing the performance’s expressiveness. Upon a performer’s entrance onto the stage, seasoned audience can quickly ____42____ (identity) the character based on the costume and makeup. When several performers appear, it is also easy to tell the social position ____43____ they belong to in society, especially in the stories which ____44____ (set) in ancient China, in Tang and Song dynasties, for example. Traditionally, Peking Opera collection includes 3,000 stories set in Tang and 800 set in Song, as well as numerous ones in eras such as the Warring States Period, Ming and Qing. The ____45____ (present) of so many stories relies largely on costumes packed in the limited costume trunks owned by a troupe. 【答案】36. went 37. to 38. the 39. regions 40. gradually 41. supporting 42. identify 43. which##that 44. are set##were set 45. presentation 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了京剧戏服的发展历史、文化融合过程及其在塑造角色形象和传递社会信息中的重要作用。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：200多年前，一个来自现在安徽省的戏班来到了清朝的首都北京，庆祝乾隆皇帝的生日。空处作句子的谓语，根据“More than 200 years ago”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，应用动词journey的过去式形式journeyed。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一历史事件促成了京剧的诞生。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“促成，导致，为……做出贡献”。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在明清服装的基础上，京剧戏服经历了两百多年的演变。此处特指“京剧的戏服”，应用定冠词the限定，特指。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：受全国不同地区多样文化影响的丰富，这些戏服逐渐演变成一套精致、细腻、优雅的着装规范。region(地区)是可数名词，其前有different修饰，表示多个不同地区，应用复数形式，作宾语。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：受全国不同地区多样文化影响的丰富，这些戏服逐渐演变成一套精致、细腻、优雅的着装规范。提示词gradual(逐渐的)在句中修饰动词evolved，应用副词形式gradually(逐渐地)作状语。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：戏服对京剧的艺术美至关重要，它支撑角色形象并增强表演的表现力。此处作伴随状语，support(支撑，支持)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语Costumes之间是主动关系，用现在分词supporting表主动；与现在分词enhancing并列。 【42题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：表演者一上台，经验丰富的观众就能根据其服装和妆容迅速识别出角色。提示词作谓语，用动词形式identify(识别)，情态动词can后接动词原形。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当几位表演者同时出现时，也容易分辨出他们在社会中所属的社会地位，尤其是在以中国古代为背景的故事中，例如唐宋时期的故事。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the social position，指物，关系词指代先行词，在从句中作belong to的宾语，应用关系代词which或者that引导该从句。 【44题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当几位表演者同时出现时，也容易分辨出他们在社会中所属的社会地位，尤其是在以中国古代为背景的故事中，例如唐宋时期的故事。set(设置背景)是定语从句的谓语动词，与主语which(指代先行词the stories)之间是被动关系；句子可理解为描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，也可用一般过去时的被动语态，表示这些故事是过去被设定的；主语是复数概念，谓语用复数形式are set或者were set。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：如此多故事的呈现很大程度上依赖于剧团拥有的有限戏装箱中的戏服。提示词作主语，且有定冠词The限定，用名词形式为presentation(呈现，展示)，结合谓语动词relies on可推知，主语是单数形式。 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 近年来，越来越多的博物馆推出了线上看展服务。你们学校的英文校报Technology vs. Tradition专栏就此现象展开征稿，话题是“Is visiting museums online a good or bad idea?”，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Is visiting museums online a good or bad idea? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Is visiting museums online a good or bad idea? In my opinion, visiting museums online is a good idea for several reasons. First, it breaks geographical and financial barriers. A student in a remote area can freely explore world-famous museums, which promotes educational equality. Second, virtual tours offer unique advantages, such as zooming in on detailed brushstrokes and accessing clear audio guides, sometimes offering a deeper understanding than crowded physical visits. However, online viewing cannot replace the authentic experience of seeing artifacts in person. The awe of standing before a masterpiece is irreplaceable. Therefore, I believe virtual visits are a valuable supplement. They inspire curiosity and encourage more meaningful on-site exploration, making culture accessible to all. 【解析】 【导语】学校的英文校报Technology vs. Tradition专栏展开征稿，要求考生就‌“线上参观博物馆是好是坏”发表观点并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 障碍：barrier → obstacle 促进：promote → encourage/facilitate 独特的：unique → distinctive 有价值的：valuable → worthwhile/precious 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, online viewing cannot replace the authentic experience of seeing artifacts in person. 拓展句：However, online viewing cannot replace the authentic experience of seeing artifacts in person, as it lacks the tangible connection and historical atmosphere of a real museum visit. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A student in a remote area can freely explore world-famous museums, which promotes educational equality. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] They inspire curiosity and encourage more meaningful on-site exploration, making culture accessible to all. (运用了现在分词作结果状语) 第二节 看图续写(满分25分) 47. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。 注意：词数不少于60。 提示词：西瓜watermelon _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs. At the class meeting, our teacher told us about the programme with the theme “Working is most beautiful”. And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands. When I got home, I packed up my luggage for the trip. On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. When I came back home, I shared my experiences with my parents. And they were very proud of me. 【解析】 【分析】本文属于图画作文，要求根据图画内容写一篇英文周记。 【详解】假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。要求根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。分析四幅图可知，图画作文内容要点比较清晰，其中包括：老师宣布活动内容和意义，我为活动准备，在农场的劳动过程，介绍活动感受。这样有利于学生写作时发挥与扩展。全文可分成三部分，开头段概括活动，中间段描述图画，结尾段总结收获和意义。文章用第一人称来写，使用一般过去时。 【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述通顺。使用了连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。文章使用了宾语从句how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.，还使用了At the class meeting, When I got home, On the farm, While working, When I came back home等过渡词，使文章上下文衔接流畅。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $