周周有招同步提高班讲义Starter Unit3第1讲2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册

2026-07-23
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版七年级上册
年级 七年级
章节 Starter Unit 3 Welcome!
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 159 KB
发布时间 2026-07-23
更新时间 2026-07-23
作者 周周有招学科驿站
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-07-23
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58942139.html
价格 0.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语讲义以“庭院乐趣”为主题,构建“词汇→句型→语法→语用”完整学习闭环,通过“知识体系地图”表格分层呈现庭院动植物词汇、指示代词句型、名词复数语法等要点,用“知识树”思维导图梳理核心内容,清晰展示重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于精准诊断学情的课前测和阶梯变式训练,如名词复数从基础单词变形式到拓展句子改写,语音训练融合韵文chant提升语言能力。通过易错陷阱解析培养思维品质,分层课后作业(基础巩固、能力提升、拓展挑战)支持不同层次学生自主复习,助力教师实施精准教学。

内容正文:

目录 Starter Unit 3   Welcome! 1 第一讲 · 单元导学总览 1 一、教学目标与课时规划 2 二、本讲知识体系地图 2 三、模块一:课前测(基础诊断) 2 四、模块二:核心词汇深度解析 5 五、模块三:核心句型深度建构 11 ⚠️ 易错陷阱深度解析 13 六、模块四:语音深度训练——元音字母在重读闭音节中的发音 13 一、选出划线部分发音不同的单词(每题1分,共5分) 15 二、朗读下列单词,写出划线字母的发音(每题1分,共5分) 15 📝 学生任务:听完后回答以下问题 15 七、模块五:语法精讲——指示代词 16 一、用 this/that/these/those 填空(每题1分,共5分) 17 二、按要求完成句子(每题2分,共6分) 17 八、模块六:语法精讲——可数名词复数 18 一、写出下列单词的复数形式(每题1分,共8分) 19 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空(每题1分,共5分) 19 九、模块七:课堂练习(15分钟) 20 一、单项选择 20 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 20 📖 阅读下面的短文,选择最佳答案 21 十、模块八:课堂小结(5分钟) 21 十一、模块九:课后巩固作业(30分钟量) 22 一、根据中文提示完成句子 22 二、用 be 动词(am/is/are)填空 23 一、按要求改写句子 23 二、补全对话 24 📖 阅读短文,回答问题 24 十二、板书备课要点 25 ✦ 第一讲完 ✦ 25 Starter Unit 3   Welcome! 第一讲 · 单元导学总览 本讲聚焦 Section A "What is fun in a yard?" 围绕"庭院乐趣"主题,构建词汇→句型→语法→语用的完整学习闭环。对标人教版新版教材,融合中考考点体系,实现知识深度进化。 一、教学目标与课时规划 维度 内容 时间分配 课前测 基础诊断(10分钟) 10 min 讲题 课前测精讲 5 min 课堂授课 词汇深度解析 + 句型建构 + 语音训练 + 语法精讲 80 min 课堂练习 阶梯式原创训练 15 min 练习讲评 逐题解析 + 易错归因 5 min 课堂小结 思维导图式总结 5 min 课后作业 巩固拓展(30分钟量) 课后 二、本讲知识体系地图 🌳 核心主线:认识庭院(yard)→ 描述事物(指示代词)→ 量化表达(基数词)→ 语音解码(短元音) 层级 内容 词汇层 庭院动植物词汇(yard, carrot, goose, plant, flower, animal 等) 句型层 What's this/that? / What are these/those? / How many...? 语法层 指示代词 this/that/these/those + 可数名词复数变化规则 语音层 元音字母 a/e/i/o/u 在重读闭音节中的短元音发音 语用层 介绍与询问庭院中的动植物 三、模块一:课前测(基础诊断) 限时10分钟,满分20分。检测学生已有知识储备,为分层教学提供依据。 一、根据中文提示写单词(每题1分,共5分) 1. There are many flowers in the ________(院子)。 2. My grandma grows ________(胡萝卜)in the garden. 3. Look! A ________(鹅)is swimming in the lake. 4. Please ________(数数)from one to ten. 5. This is a ________(美丽的)flower. 📘 答案与解析 1. yard   解析:考查本单元核心名词 yard。"in the yard"意为"在院子里",yard 是可数名词,此处用单数形式。易错点:学生可能误写"garden",但 yard 特指住宅周围的院子,garden 更偏向花园。 2. carrots   解析:考查名词复数。carrot 为可数名词,句中 grows 后应用复数形式 carrots 表示种类。易错点:学生忘记变复数,直接写 carrot。 3. goose   解析:考查不规则名词。goose 复数形式为 geese,但本题 a goose 表示单数"一只鹅"。易错点:学生误写复数形式 geese。 4. count   解析:考查动词 count 的用法。祈使句 Please 后用动词原形。易错点:学生可能写 counting。 5. beautiful   解析:考查形容词 beautiful 的拼写。易错点:拼写错误,漏掉字母 u 写成 beatiful。 二、单项选择(每题1分,共5分) 1. (   ) — What's this? — ________ a cat. A. This is    B. It's    C. That's    D. Its 答案:B   解析:考点为指示代词的答语规则。问句"What's this?"中的 this 在回答时要用 it 代替,构成"It's a cat."。A 选项"This is"是中文式直译,英语中回答 this/that 开头的问句必须用 it。C 选项"That's"用于回答 that 问句。D 选项"Its"是形容词性物主代词"它的",不能作主语。 2. (   ) — What are these? — ________ apple trees. A. It's    B. They're    C. That's    D. This is 答案:B   解析:考点为复数指示代词的答语。问句"these"是复数,答语要用 they 代替,构成"They're apple trees."。apple trees 是名词短语作表语。A 选项 It's 用于单数。易错点:学生受中文"这些是"影响误选 D。 3. (   ) How many ________ do you have? A. duck    B. a duck    C. ducks    D. an duck 答案:C   解析:考点为 how many 的用法。how many 后必须接可数名词复数形式。duck 的复数形式为 ducks。A 选项为单数,B 选项带不定冠词 a,D 选项冠词 an 使用错误(duck 以辅音音素开头,应用 a)。 4. (   ) Look at ________ black and white cows. A. a    B. an    C. the    D. / 答案:C   解析:考点为定冠词 the 的用法。"Look at the cows"中 cows 是双方都知道的、特定的事物(眼前看到的),因此要用定冠词 the。A 和 B 是不定冠词,用于泛指。易错点:学生认为复数名词前不加冠词而误选 D。 5. (   ) I can see some ________ on the farm. A. sheeps    B. sheep    C. sheepes    D. a sheep 答案:B   解析:考点为不规则名词复数。sheep 单复数同形,some 后接可数名词复数,sheep 本身就是复数形式。A 和 C 是错误变形。D 选项中 a sheep 是单数,与 some 矛盾。 三、写出下列单词的复数形式(每题1分,共5分) 1. goose → ________    2. baby → ________    3. tomato → ________ 4. duck → ________    5. flower → ________ 📘 答案与解析 1. geese   解析:不规则变化,oo→ee 型。同类词:foot→feet, tooth→teeth。易错警示:学生常误写为 gooses。 2. babies   解析:辅音字母+y 结尾,变 y 为 i 再加 es。易错警示:不要直接加 s 写成 babys。 3. tomatoes   解析:以 o 结尾的有生命名词加 es。记忆口诀:Negro, hero, tomato, potato——四个黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆,变复数加 es。同类词:potato→potatoes。易错警示:photo→photos(无生命,只加 s)。 4. ducks   解析:规则变化,直接加 s。注意:清辅音/k/后读/s/。 5. flowers   解析:规则变化,直接加 s。注意:元音后读/z/。 四、将下列句子改为复数句(每题1分,共5分) 1. This is a duck. → ________ 2. That is a goose. → ________ 3. What is this? → ________ 4. It is a carrot. → ________ 5. I can see a sheep. → ________ 📘 答案与解析 1. These are ducks.   解析:单数变复数需同时改变指示代词(This→These)、be 动词(is→are)和名词(duck→ducks)。不定冠词 a 去掉。 2. Those are geese.   解析:That→Those,is→are,goose→geese(不规则变化)。易错点:goose 变复数形式 geese 易写错。 3. What are these?   解析:What is→What are,this→these。注意 be 动词随主语变化。 4. They are carrots.   解析:It→They,is→are,carrot→carrots。注意指示代词答语中 it 变为 they。 5. I can see sheep.   解析:a sheep 中的 a 去掉,sheep 单复数同形不变。易错点:学生可能误加 es 写成 sheepes。 四、模块二:核心词汇深度解析 词汇认知重构:从"记单词"到"建网络"——每个单词不仅是符号,更是知识网络的节点。 4.1 名词类:庭院与动植物 4.1.1   yard /jɑːd/   n. 院子;园圃 定义与用法:yard 指房屋周围的空地,通常围起来的区域,可以是草地、花园或硬化的庭院。 结构拆解:yard 作为可数名词,复数形式为 yards。 📌 原创例句链: 1. The children are playing games in the yard.(孩子们正在院子里做游戏。) 2. My grandmother has a beautiful yard with many flowers and a small vegetable garden.(我祖母有一个漂亮的院子,里面有许多花和一个小菜园。) 3. There is a big tree in the front yard of our house.(我们家前院里有一棵大树。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 与 garden 混淆 I play in the garden.(本意想说"院子") I play in the yard. 冠词遗漏 There is big yard. There is a big yard. 介词搭配 I stay at yard. I stay in the yard. 解析:yard 侧重住宅周围的空地,garden 侧重种植花草的花园;可数名词单数前必须有冠词;in the yard 为固定搭配。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)We often have dinner in the ________ on summer evenings.   yard   解析:根据语境"夏天的傍晚在户外吃饭",yard 最恰当。 2.(提高)There are many kinds of ________(植物)in my uncle's ________(院子)。   plants, yard   解析:many kinds of 后接可数名词复数 plants;yard 用单数,因为是单数概念。 3.(拓展)— ________ can you see in the yard? — I can see a dog and some flowers.   What   解析:询问"在院子里能看到什么",用特殊疑问词 What。 规律总结:yard 是居家环境中的核心空间词汇,常与 in the yard 搭配;与之类似的还有 in the garden(在花园里)、on the farm(在农场上),注意介词使用的差异。 4.1.2   carrot /ˈkærət/   n. 胡萝卜 定义与用法:carrot 既可指"胡萝卜"这种蔬菜(可数名词),也可指胡萝卜这种植物本身。复数形式为 carrots。 📌 原创例句链: 1. Rabbits love eating fresh carrots.(兔子喜欢吃新鲜的胡萝卜。) 2. My grandpa grows carrot plants in the backyard vegetable garden.(我爷爷在后院的菜园里种了胡萝卜苗。) 3. Please wash these carrots before cooking.(煮饭前请把这些胡萝卜洗干净。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 泛指类别用单数 I eat carrot every day. I eat carrots every day. 复合名词复数 There are three carrots plants. There are three carrot plants. 解析:初中阶段考试中,泛指蔬菜类别时用复数形式是标准答案;carrot 作定语修饰 plants 时用单数形式。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)I like eating ________(胡萝卜)for breakfast.   carrots   解析:泛指胡萝卜这种食物,用复数形式。 2.(提高)Look at those ________(胡萝卜苗)in the field.   carrot plants   解析:名词 carrot 作定语修饰 plants,用单数形式;plants 根据 those 变复数。 3.(拓展)How many ________ does the rabbit have? — It has three.   carrots   解析:how many 后接可数名词复数 carrots。 规律总结:carrot 的复数变化属于规则变化,直接加 s。当 carrot 作定语修饰名词时,用单数形式(名词作定语一般用单数,man/woman 除外)。 4.1.3   goose /ɡuːs/   n. 鹅(复数 geese /ɡiːs/) 定义与用法:goose 指"鹅"这种家禽,其复数形式为不规则变化 geese。注意与 goat(山羊)区分。 📌 原创例句链: 1. A white goose is walking near the lake.(一只白鹅正在湖边散步。) 2. There are five geese on my uncle's farm.(我叔叔的农场里有五只鹅。) 3. The geese are swimming in the pond and making loud sounds.(那些鹅正在池塘里游泳,发出响亮的声音。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 复数误加 s two gooses two geese 混淆单复数答语 What's that? — They're a goose. What's that? — It's a goose. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)A ________(鹅)is a kind of bird that can swim.   goose   解析:不定冠词 a 后接单数名词 goose。 2.(提高)Those ________(鹅)over there are very beautiful.   geese   解析:指示代词 Those 为复数,后接名词复数形式 geese。 3.(拓展)— What are those? — ________ white geese.   They're   解析:问句 those 为复数,答语用 they're。易错点:学生可能用 It's 或 These are。 规律总结:goose→geese 属于不规则复数中的"元音变化型",同类词:foot→feet(脚)、tooth→teeth(牙齿)。记忆口诀:"鹅的脚(foot)变脚(feet),牙齿(tooth)变齿(teeth),鹅(goose)变鹅(geese),都是 oo 变 ee。" 4.1.4   其他核心名词速查表 单词 音标 词性 中文 复数形式 记忆提示 plant /plɑːnt/ n. 植物 plants 作"植物"与"工厂"为同形异义词,需根据语境判断 animal /ˈænɪml/ n. 动物 animals 重音在第一音节 flower /ˈflaʊə/ n. 花 flowers -er 结尾,不是 -or lake /leɪk/ n. 湖 lakes a_e 结构,元音字母发本音 farm /fɑːm/ n. 农场 farms farmer 是"农民" duck /dʌk/ n. 鸭子 ducks 与 dark"黑暗的"区分 rabbit /ˈræbɪt/ n. 兔子 rabbits 双写 b,不是 rabit chicken /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ n. 鸡/鸡肉 chickens 作"鸡肉"时不可数 4.2 动词类 4.2.1   count /kaʊnt/   v. 数数 定义与用法:count 表示按顺序数数或计算数量。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 count + 名词 Count the apples. 数苹果。 count from...to... Count from 1 to 20. 从 1 数到 20。 count down Count down from 10. 从 10 倒数。 Let me count. Let me count the ducks. 让我数数鸭子。 📌 原创例句链: 1. Let me count the number of geese on the farm.(让我数一数农场上的鹅有多少只。) 2. The little boy can count from one to one hundred in English.(那个小男孩能用英语从 1 数到 100。) 3. Please count how many apple trees there are in the yard.(请数一数院子里有多少棵苹果树。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 count 后直接接名词,不需要介词。如"Count the books"而非"Count of the books"。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)Let me ________(数数)the rabbits.   count   解析:let sb. do sth. 结构,do 用动词原形。 2.(提高)Can you ________ from one to fifteen?   count   解析:情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 3.(拓展)________ many ducks does your uncle have? Let me ________.   How, count   解析:how many 询问数量;let me 后接动词原形 count。 规律总结:count 是规则动词,第三人称单数形式为 counts,过去式/过去分词为 counted。常见搭配:count on(依赖)、count...in(把……算在内)。 4.3 兼类词深度解析 4.3.1   fun /fʌn/   n. 乐趣;快乐   adj. 有趣的;使人快乐的 定义与用法:fun 既是不可数名词(乐趣),也是形容词(有趣的)。作名词时前面不能用不定冠词 a/an;作形容词时(非正式用法/美式英语)可作定语,也可作表语。 结构拆解: 词性 功能 例句 解析 不可数名词 作主语/宾语/表语 We have fun on the farm. have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得开心 形容词 作定语或表语 It's a fun game. / The game was fun. fun 作形容词可置于名词前,也可作表语 📌 原创例句链: 1. The children are having a lot of fun playing in the yard.(孩子们在院子里玩得很开心。) 2. It's great fun to watch the baby chickens follow their mother.(看小鸡跟着母鸡走真是有趣极了。) 3. We had so much fun at the farm last weekend.(上周末我们在农场玩得非常开心。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 误用 a fun It's a fun. It's fun. 混淆 fun/funny He is a fun person. He is a funny person. 解析:fun 是不可数名词,不能与 a/an 连用;fun 意为"有趣的",funny 意为"滑稽的、好笑的",二者含义不同。⚠️ 考试提示:在正式书面考试中,great fun / much fun 比 very fun 更为规范,但不宜将 very fun 直接判为语法错误。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)We have ________(乐趣)on the farm every weekend.   fun   解析:have fun 固定搭配,fun 为不可数名词。 2.(提高)The children are having so much ________ playing with the dog.   fun   解析:have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心。much 修饰不可数名词 fun。 3.(拓展)— What is ________ in a yard? — We can see many plants and animals.   fun   解析:询问"院子里有什么好玩的",what is fun 是固定句式。 规律总结:fun 的用法口诀——"have fun 做某事,fun 是名词不可数;fun 作形容词放名前,也可作表语用;funny 滑稽是另一回事,两者区别记心间。" 4.3.2   another /əˈnʌðə/   adj. & pron. 另一;又一(人或事物) 定义与用法:another 表示"另一个"、"再一个",指三者或三者以上中的另一个。可作形容词(修饰名词)或代词(单独使用)。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 another + 单数名词 another duck 又一只鸭子 another + 数词 + 复数名词 another three ducks 另外三只鸭子 单独使用(代词) I want another. 我想要另一个。 📌 原创例句链: 1. I have one apple, but I want another one.(我有一个苹果,但还想要一个。) 2. Look there! Another duck is behind the big tree.(看那儿!大树后面还有一只鸭子。) 3. Can you give me another five minutes to finish the work?(你能再给我五分钟完成工作吗?) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 与 other 混淆 another students other students / another student 与 the other 混淆 I have two ducks. One is white, another is black. ...the other is black. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)I don't like this book. Please show me ________ one.   another   解析:another one 表示"另一本"。 2.(提高)Fourteen ducks! Oh, look! ________ duck is behind the tree.   Another   解析:在已有 14 只鸭子的基础上"又一只"。 3.(拓展)— How many more apples do you need? — I need ________ three.   another   解析:another + 数词 + 复数名词 = 再要……个,another three = three more。 规律总结:another 的核心含义是"再一个、另一个",与数量无关,与顺序有关。记忆口诀:"another 接单数,再一个;other 接复数,其他的;the other 是特指,两者中另一个。" 4.3.3   else /els/   adv. 其他的;别的 定义与用法:else 是副词,意为"其他的、别的",用于疑问词(what, who, where 等)或不定代词(something, nothing 等)之后。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 what + else What else can you see? 你还能看到什么? who + else Who else is on the farm? 还有谁在农场? something + else I need something else. 我还需要别的东西。 nothing + else Nothing else is in the yard. 院子里没有别的东西了。 📌 原创例句链: 1. What else can you see on the farm besides the cows?(除了奶牛,你在农场上还能看到什么?) 2. I have finished my homework. Is there anything else I need to do?(我做完作业了。还有别的事需要我做吗?) 3. Who else wants to go to the lake with us?(还有谁想和我们一起去湖边?) ⚠️ 易错陷阱 else 与 other 混淆。else 置于疑问词/不定代词后;other 置于名词前。如:What else? / What other things? 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)What ________(别的)can you see on the farm?   else   解析:what else 固定搭配,else 放在疑问词后面。 2.(提高)Is there anything ________ you want to tell me?   else   解析:anything else 为不定代词+else 结构。 3.(拓展)Who ________ is coming to visit the farm with us?   else   解析:who else 表示"还有谁",用于询问其他人。 规律总结:else 的用法规则——"疑问词后、不定后,else 紧跟在后头;other 放在名词前,两者区别记心间。" 五、模块三:核心句型深度建构 5.1 询问与回答:What's this/that? 📐 句型公式 问句 答句 使用场景 What's this? It's a/an + 单数名词. 询问近处的单数事物 What's that? It's a/an + 单数名词. 询问远处的单数事物 What are these? They're + 复数名词. 询问近处的复数事物 What are those? They're + 复数名词. 询问远处的复数事物 📌 原创例句链: 1. — What's this in your hand? — It's a beautiful flower.(— 你手里这是什么?— 是一朵美丽的花。) 2. — What's that near the tree? — It's a white goose.(— 树旁边那是什么?— 是一只白鹅。) 3. — What are these on the table? — They're fresh carrots.(— 桌子上这些是什么?— 是新鲜的胡萝卜。) 4. — What are those over there? — They're apple trees.(— 那边那些是什么?— 是苹果树。) ⚠️ 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:答语误用 this/that 错误:What's this? → This is a cat.   正确:What's this? → It's a cat. 解析:回答 this/that 开头的问句时,必须用 it 代替,不能重复使用 this 或 that。这是英语与中文的重要差异。 陷阱二:单复数不匹配 错误:What are these? → It's carrots.   正确:What are these? → They're carrots. 解析:问句中的 these 是复数,答语必须用 they're,be 动词用 are,名词用复数。 陷阱三:冠词遗漏或误用 错误:What's that? → It's apple tree.   正确:What's that? → It's an apple tree. 解析:apple tree 是可数名词单数,前面必须有冠词。apple 以元音音素开头,用 an。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)— ________ this? — It's a yard.   What's   解析:询问近处事物,用 What's this。 2.(提高)— What are those? — ________ horses.   They're   解析:those 为复数,答语用 They're。 3.(拓展)— What's that over there? — It's ________ orange cat.   an   解析:orange 以元音音素开头,用 an。 5.2 询问数量:How many...? 📐 句型公式 How many + 可数名词复数 + do/does + 主语 + have/can see? 📌 原创例句链: 1. — How many apple trees does your grandpa have? — He has ten.(— 你爷爷有多少棵苹果树?— 他有十棵。) 2. — How many rabbits can you see in the yard? — I can see five white rabbits.(— 你能在院子里看到多少只兔子?— 我能看到五只白兔。) 3. — How many ducks does your uncle have? — Let me count. One, two, three... fourteen ducks!(— 你叔叔有多少只鸭子?— 让我数数。一、二、三……十四只鸭子!) ⚠️ 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:名词未用复数   错误:How many duck do you have?   正确:How many ducks do you have?   解析:how many 后必须接可数名词复数形式。 陷阱二:助动词使用错误   错误:How many ducks does you have?   正确:How many ducks do you have?   解析:主语是 you 时,助动词用 do;主语是第三人称单数时用 does。 陷阱三:动词形式错误   错误:How many ducks does your uncle has?   正确:How many ducks does your uncle have?   解析:助动词 does 后,实义动词用原形 have,不能再用 has。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)— ________ ________ ducks does your uncle have? — He has eight.   How many   解析:询问可数名词数量用 how many。 2.(提高)— How many ________(sheep)are there on the farm? — There are twenty.   sheep   解析:sheep 单复数同形,how many 后仍用 sheep。 3.(拓展)— How many ________ can you see? — I can see twelve ________.   rabbits, rabbits   解析:how many 后和 can see 后都用名词复数 rabbits。 规律总结:how many 的用法口诀——"how many 后加复数,do/does 看主语;三单用 does 动词回原形,其他用 do 动词不用变。" 六、模块四:语音深度训练——元音字母在重读闭音节中的发音 6.1 闭音节概念认知 定义:闭音节是以一个元音字母 + 一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾的音节。在重读闭音节中,元音字母发短音。 元音字母 开音节(发字母本音) 闭音节(发短音) Aa name /eɪ/ cat /æ/ Ee he /iː/ bed /e/ Ii like /aɪ/ pig /ɪ/ Oo go /əʊ/ dog /ɒ/ Uu use /juː/ cup /ʌ/ 注:本表呈现的是初中阶段最基本的开闭音节发音规律,后续学习中会接触更多例外情况。 6.2 五个短元音发音精讲 Aa → /æ/ —— 嘴巴张大,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 cat /kæt/ 口型上下拉开,像"哎"但更短促 map /mæp/ 双唇放松,短促有力 bag /bæɡ/ 不要读成"拜格" hand /hænd/ 注意/n/和/d/的衔接 Ee → /e/ —— 嘴巴扁平,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 bed /bed/ 口型扁平,类似"诶"但更短 red /red/ 不要读成"瑞德" pen /pen/ 短促干脆 ten /ten/ /t/要送气 Ii → /ɪ/ —— 短促,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 pig /pɪɡ/ 嘴巴微张,不要读成"皮格" big /bɪɡ/ 短促,不要拉长 sit /sɪt/ 与 seat /siːt/ 区分 six /sɪks/ /ks/组合要清辅音化 Oo → /ɒ/ —— 嘴巴收圆,短促 示例词 音标 发音要点 dog /dɒɡ/ 圆唇,短促有力 box /bɒks/ 不要读成"伯克斯" hot /hɒt/ 与 hat /hæt/ 区分 not /nɒt/ 与 note /nəʊt/ 区分 Uu → /ʌ/ —— 嘴巴放松,短促 示例词 音标 发音要点 cup /kʌp/ 嘴巴半张,类似"啊"但更短 duck /dʌk/ 不要读成"达克" bus /bʌs/ 与 boss /bɒs/ 区分 fun /fʌn/ 与 fan /fæn/ 区分 6.3 语音辨析训练 一、选出划线部分发音不同的单词(每题1分,共5分) 1. (   ) A. cat    B. map    C. name    D. bag 答案:C   解析:A/B/D 中 a 发/æ/,C 中 a 发/eɪ/(开音节)。name 是 a_e 结构,为开音节。 2. (   ) A. bed    B. he    C. red    D. pen 答案:B   解析:A/C/D 中 e 发/e/,B 中 e 发/iː/(开音节)。 3. (   ) A. pig    B. big    C. like    D. six 答案:C   解析:A/B/D 中 i 发/ɪ/,C 中 i 发/aɪ/(开音节 i_e 结构)。 4. (   ) A. dog    B. go    C. box    D. hot 答案:B   解析:A/C/D 中 o 发/ɒ/,B 中 o 发/əʊ/(开音节)。 5. (   ) A. cup    B. duck    C. use    D. bus 答案:C   解析:A/B/D 中 u 发/ʌ/,C 中 u 发/juː/(开音节 u_e 结构)。 二、朗读下列单词,写出划线字母的发音(每题1分,共5分) 1. cat → /æ/    2. bed → /e/    3. pig → /ɪ/    4. dog → /ɒ/    5. cup → /ʌ/ 6.4 教师朗读稿——语音训练 🎙️ 使用说明 教师朗读以下语音练习韵文,学生完成信息抓取任务。教师可根据学生水平调整语速。 "Hey there, Big Cat. Let's go to the lake. Come with me and Dog, And Fox and Frog! We will listen to music, And find flowers red and pink. We will sit in the sun, tell jokes and have fun." 📝 学生任务:听完后回答以下问题 1. How many animals are mentioned in the chant? ________ 2. Where will they go? ________ 3. What will they do?(写出至少三件事)________ 📘 答案 1. Four (Big Cat, Dog, Fox, Frog)   2. To the lake.   3. Listen to music, find flowers, sit in the sun, tell jokes, have fun. 七、模块五:语法精讲——指示代词 7.1 指示代词体系总览 定义:指示代词是用来"指示"或"指明"人或事物的代词,相当于中文的"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些"。 单数 复数 功能 近指 this(这个) these(这些) 指距离说话人近的人或物 远指 that(那个) those(那些) 指距离说话人远的人或物 7.2 核心用法精讲 用法一:作主语 ▪ This is my book.(这是我的书。)—— 近处单数 ▪ That is your pen.(那是你的钢笔。)—— 远处单数 ▪ These are carrot plants.(这些是胡萝卜苗。)—— 近处复数 ▪ Those are apple trees.(那些是苹果树。)—— 远处复数 用法二:回答 this/that 和 these/those 的问句 核心规则:回答 this/that 用 it;回答 these/those 用 they。 ▪ — What's this? — It's a duck. ▪ — What's that? — It's a goose. ▪ — What are these? — They're carrots. ▪ — What are those? — They're geese. 用法三:作定语修饰名词 ▪ this book(这本书)  ▪ that car(那辆车)  ▪ these flowers(这些花)  ▪ those trees(那些树) 📌 原创例句链: 1. This is my grandpa's yard, and that is my uncle's farm.(这是我爷爷的院子,那是我叔叔的农场。) 2. These rabbits are white, but those rabbits over there are black and white.(这些兔子是白色的,但那边那些兔子是黑白相间的。) 3. I like this apple tree because it has many apples, but my sister likes that one.(我喜欢这棵苹果树因为它有很多苹果,但我妹妹喜欢那一棵。) 7.3 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:this/that 问句用 this/that 回答 错误:What's this? → This is a cat.   正确:What's this? → It's a cat. 解析:英语中回答 this/that 问句必须用 it,这是固定规则。 陷阱二:单复数不一致 错误:What are these? → It's a carrot.   正确:What are these? → They're carrots. 解析:问句是复数,答语必须用复数。 陷阱三:this 和 these 混用 错误:These is a book.   正确:This is a book. / These are books. 解析:this 接单数 is,these 接复数 are。 陷阱四:介绍人物时用错 错误:He is my friend Tom.   正确:This is my friend Tom. 解析:向别人介绍某人时,英语习惯用"This is..."而非"He is..."。 7.4 阶梯变式训练 一、用 this/that/these/those 填空(每题1分,共5分) 1. ________(近处单数)is a beautiful flower in my hand. 2. Look at ________(远处复数)mountains over there. 3. ________(近处复数)books on my desk are new. 4. ________(远处单数)man near the lake is my uncle. 5. ________(近处复数)rabbits are very cute. 📘 答案 1. This   2. those   3. These   4. That   5. These 解析:第1题"in my hand"提示近处;第2题"over there"提示远处复数;第3题"on my desk"提示近处复数;第4题"near the lake"提示远处单数;第5题无特殊提示,默认近处复数。 二、按要求完成句子(每题2分,共6分) 1. This is a duck.(改为复数句)  These are ducks.   解析:This→These,is→are,a 去掉,duck→ducks。 2. Those are apple trees.(改为单数句)  That is an apple tree.   解析:Those→That,are→is,apple trees→an apple tree。 3. What are these?(用 carrots 回答)  They're carrots.   解析:these 为复数,答语用 they're。 八、模块六:语法精讲——可数名词复数 8.1 复数变化规则体系 规则类型 变化规则 示例 读音规则 一般情况 直接加 -s duck→ducks, carrot→carrots 清辅音后读/s/;浊辅音/元音后读/z/ s/x/ch/sh 结尾 加 -es box→boxes, watch→watches 读/ɪz/ 辅音+y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -es baby→babies, story→stories 读/z/ 以 o 结尾(有生命) 加 -es tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes 读/z/ 以 o 结尾(无生命) 加 -s photo→photos, piano→pianos 读/z/ f/fe 结尾 变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es knife→knives, wife→wives 读/vz/ 8.2 本单元不规则复数 单数 复数 变化规律 goose geese oo→ee 元音变化 sheep sheep 单复数同形 child children 加 -ren man men a→e 元音变化 woman women a→e 元音变化 📌 原创例句链: 1. There are many geese on my grandpa's farm, but only two geese are white.(我爷爷的农场上有许多鹅,但只有两只是白色的。) 2. Look at those sheep! They are eating grass on the hill.(看那些羊!它们正在山坡上吃草。) 3. The children are feeding the chickens and ducks on the farm.(孩子们正在农场上喂鸡和鸭。) 8.3 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:sheep 的复数误加 s 错误:five sheeps   正确:five sheep   解析:sheep 单复数同形,永远不加 s。同类词:deer(鹿)、fish(鱼)。 陷阱二:goose 复数写成 gooses 错误:two gooses   正确:two geese   解析:goose 属不规则变化,oo→ee。 陷阱三:tomato 复数只加 s 错误:two tomatos   正确:two tomatoes   解析:以 o 结尾的有生命名词加 -es。 陷阱四:复合名词复数错误 错误:two apples trees   正确:two apple trees   解析:名词作定语时用单数形式(man/woman 除外)。 8.4 阶梯变式训练 一、写出下列单词的复数形式(每题1分,共8分) 1. goose → ________   2. sheep → ________   3. tomato → ________   4. baby → ________ 5. duck → ________   6. horse → ________   7. chicken → ________   8. rabbit → ________ 📘 答案 1. geese   2. sheep   3. tomatoes   4. babies 5. ducks   6. horses   7. chickens   8. rabbits 解析:第1题不规则变化;第2题单复数同形;第3题有生命 o 结尾加 es;第4题辅音+y 改 i 加 es;第5-8题规则变化加 s。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空(每题1分,共5分) 1. There are three ________(goose)on the lake.   geese   解析:three 后接可数名词复数,goose 变 geese。 2. How many ________(sheep)does the farmer have?   sheep   解析:how many 后接可数名词复数,sheep 单复数同形。 3. I can see many ________(tomato)in the basket.   tomatoes   解析:many 后接可数名词复数,tomato 变 tomatoes。 4. Those ________(baby)are playing with their mother.   babies   解析:those 后接可数名词复数,baby 变 babies。 5. Look at those ________(apple tree)on the hill.   apple trees   解析:those 后接复数,apple trees 中 trees 变复数,apple 作定语不变。 九、模块七:课堂练习(15分钟) 9.1 词汇与语法综合(每题1分,共10分) 一、单项选择 1. (   ) — What ________ these? — ________ apple trees. A. is; It's    B. are; They're    C. is; They're    D. are; It's 答案:B   解析:these 为复数,be 动词用 are;答语用 They're。 2. (   ) How many ________ can you see on the farm? A. goose    B. gooses    C. geese    D. a goose 答案:C   解析:how many 后接可数名词复数,goose 的复数为 geese。 3. (   ) Look at ________ ducks in the lake. They are so cute. A. a    B. an    C. the    D. / 答案:C   解析:特指湖中的鸭子,用定冠词 the。 4. (   ) — What's that over there? — ________ a white horse. A. This is    B. That is    C. It's    D. They're 答案:C   解析:回答 that 的问句,用 it 代替,构成 It's...。 5. (   ) My grandpa has five ________ on his farm. A. sheeps    B. sheep    C. sheepes    D. a sheep 答案:B   解析:five 后接可数名词复数,sheep 单复数同形。 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. There are many ________(kind)of animals on the farm.   kinds   解析:many kinds of 为固定搭配。 2. Let me ________(count)the apples on the tree.   count   解析:let sb. do sth.,do 用动词原形。 3. Those ________(baby chicken)are so cute!   baby chickens   解析:those 后接可数名词复数,baby chickens 中 chickens 变复数。 4. What ________(else)can you see in the picture?   else   解析:what else 固定搭配,else 无变形。 5. I can see two ________(goose)and five ________(duck)。   geese, ducks   解析:two 和 five 后接复数;goose 不规则变 geese,duck 规则加 s。 9.2 阅读理解(每题2分,共10分) 📖 阅读下面的短文,选择最佳答案 Hello! I'm Peter. This is my grandpa's farm. It is a big farm. Look! These are apple trees. How many apple trees does my grandpa have? Let me count. One, two, three... twelve! He has twelve apple trees. Those are carrot plants. They are green and beautiful. What are those near the lake? They are geese. Three white geese and two black geese. Look at the baby chickens! They are yellow and cute. They are following their mother. Oh, there is a duck behind the big tree. Another duck is in the lake. What a fun farm! 1. (   ) How many apple trees does Peter's grandpa have? A. Ten.    B. Eleven.    C. Twelve.    D. Twenty. 答案:C   解析:原文明确提到"He has twelve apple trees.",故选 C。 2. (   ) Where are the carrot plants? A. Near the lake.    B. Behind the tree.    C. In the yard.    D. The passage doesn't say. 答案:D   解析:原文只说"Those are carrot plants.",未说明具体位置。 3. (   ) How many geese are there on the farm? A. Three.    B. Two.    C. Five.    D. Seven. 答案:C   解析:原文说"Three white geese and two black geese",共 5 只。 4. (   ) Where are the ducks? A. In the lake.    B. Behind the tree and in the lake.    C. Near the house.    D. Under the tree. 答案:B   解析:原文说"there is a duck behind the big tree. Another duck is in the lake.",两只鸭子分别在树后和湖里。 5. (   ) What color are the baby chickens? A. White and black.    B. Yellow.    C. Green.    D. Brown. 答案:B   解析:原文明确说"They are yellow and cute."。 十、模块八:课堂小结(5分钟) 10.1 本讲知识网络图 🌳 Starter Unit 3 第一讲 · 知识树 模块 核心内容 核心词汇 1.1 庭院名词:yard, carrot, goose, plant, flower, animal 1.2 动词:count 1.3 兼类词:fun, another, else 核心句型 2.1 What's this/that? → It's... 2.2 What are these/those? → They're... 2.3 How many + 复数...? 语法体系 3.1 指示代词:this/that/these/those 3.2 名词复数:规则变化 + 不规则变化(goose→geese, sheep→sheep) 语音知识 4.1 闭音节概念 4.2 短元音:/æ/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ɒ/ /ʌ/ 10.2 高频考点自检清单 考点 掌握情况 需要巩固 this/that 的回答用 it □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ these/those 的回答用 they □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ how many 后接可数名词复数 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ goose→geese 不规则变化 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ sheep 单复数同形 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ 重读闭音节中 a/e/i/o/u 发短音 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ 十一、模块九:课后巩固作业(30分钟量) 11.1 基础巩固(每题1分,共10分) 一、根据中文提示完成句子 1. Look at those ________(兔子)in the yard. 2. How many ________(马)does your uncle have? 3. The ________(鹅)are swimming in the lake. 4. Please ________(数数)the baby chickens. 5. What ________(别的)can you see on the farm? 二、用 be 动词(am/is/are)填空 6. These ________ my grandpa's apple trees. 7. That ________ a beautiful flower. 8. I ________ a student. I like the farm. 9. Those geese ________ white and beautiful. 10. How many ducks ________ there on the farm? 📘 答案与解析 1. rabbits   解析:those 后接可数名词复数,rabbit 变 rabbits。 2. horses   解析:how many 后接可数名词复数,horse 变 horses。 3. geese   解析:定冠词 The 后接可数名词,主语为复数概念,goose 变 geese。 4. count   解析:祈使句 Please 后用动词原形。 5. else   解析:What else 固定搭配,意为"还有什么"。 6. are   解析:These 为复数指示代词,be 动词用 are。 7. is   解析:That 为单数指示代词,be 动词用 is。 8. am   解析:主语 I 的 be 动词用 am。 9. are   解析:Those geese 为复数主语,be 动词用 are。 10. are   解析:ducks 为复数名词,be 动词用 are。 11.2 能力提升(每题2分,共10分) 一、按要求改写句子 1. This is a goose.(改为复数句)  These are geese.   解析:This→These,is→are,a 去掉,goose→geese。 2. Those are tomato plants.(改为单数句)  That is a tomato plant.   解析:Those→That,are→is,tomato plants→a tomato plant。 3. I can see five ducks.(对划线部分提问)  How many ducks can you see?   解析:对数量提问用 How many。 4. It's a carrot.(改为复数句)  They are carrots.   解析:It→They,is→are,carrot→carrots。 5. There are ten apple trees on the farm.(对划线部分提问)  How many apple trees are there on the farm?   解析:对数量提问用 How many。 二、补全对话 A: Look at the picture! (1)________ is this? B: (2)________ a duck. A: And what (3)________ these? B: (4)________ baby chickens. A: How (5)________ baby chickens can you see? B: I can see six. 📘 答案 1. What   2. It's   3. are   4. They're   5. many 解析:第 1 空询问近处事物用 What;第 2 空 this 问句用 It 回答;第 3 空 these 为复数,be 动词用 are;第 4 空 these 问句用 They're 回答;第 5 空 how many 询问数量。 11.3 拓展挑战(每题2分,共10分) 📖 阅读短文,回答问题 Tom's uncle has a big farm. There are many kinds of animals on the farm. Tom goes to the farm with his parents every weekend. This Saturday, Tom sees five horses, eight cows, twelve ducks and some sheep on the farm. The horses are brown and white. The cows are black and white. The ducks are swimming in the small lake. The sheep are eating grass behind the red house. "How many sheep does my uncle have?" Tom asks. His uncle says, "Let me count. One, two, three... fifteen sheep!" Tom's uncle also has a dog. It is behind the big tree. Tom likes the farm very much. 1. How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage?   Five (horses, cows, ducks, sheep, dog).   解析:文中提到 horses, cows, ducks, sheep 和 dog 共五种动物。 2. Where are the ducks?   They are swimming in the small lake.   解析:原文"The ducks are swimming in the small lake." 3. What color are the cows?   They are black and white.   解析:原文"The cows are black and white." 4. How many sheep does Tom's uncle have?   Fifteen.   解析:原文"fifteen sheep"。 5. Where is the dog?   It is behind the big tree.   解析:原文"It is behind the big tree." 十二、板书备课要点 📌 主板书(左侧) 📌 副板书(右侧) 📌 补充区(下方) 1. 核心词汇:yard / carrot / goose (geese) / count / fun / another / else 2. 核心句型:What's this/that? → It's... / What are these/those? → They're... 3. 语法:指示代词(this/that/these/those) 4. 名词复数:规则变化 + 不规则(goose→geese, sheep→sheep) 5. 语音:重读闭音节 a/æ/ e/e/ i/ɪ/ o/ɒ/ u/ʌ/ 6. how many + 可数名词复数 7. 易错点汇总 ✦ 第一讲完 ✦ Starter Unit 3 Welcome! · 第一讲 · 单元导学总览 本讲内容涵盖词汇、句型、语法、语音、语用五大维度,构建完整学习闭环。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $Starter Unit 3  ●  Welcome! 编者前言 亲爱的老师、同学们: 当您翻开这份讲义,一场关于"庭院乐趣"的英语探索之旅即将开启。 为什么是"庭院"?因为这里藏着最生动的语言场景——从yard到carrot,从goose到flower,每一个词都是打开真实世界的钥匙。本讲围绕"What is fun in a yard?"这一核心问题,构建了"词汇→句型→语法→语用"的完整学习闭环,对标人教版新版教材,融合中考考点体系,实现知识的深度进化。 这份讲稿的每一处设计,都源于对教学现场的深刻理解。课前测精准诊断学情,阶梯变式训练照顾不同层次,易错陷阱解析直击痛点,语音训练融合韵律活动——每一个模块都经过反复打磨,只为让课堂真正"活"起来。 特别值得一提的是,本讲将语音训练与单元主题深度融合,通过韵文chant和辨析练习,让短元音 /æ/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ɒ/ /ʌ/ 的掌握变得自然有趣。语法部分以"指示代词+名词复数"为主线,配合原创阶梯训练,帮助学生从"知道"走向"会用"。 更有"知识树"思维导图式总结、高频考点自检清单、分层课后作业体系……每一个细节都在回答同一个问题:如何让学习真实发生? 我们相信,好的教学材料不是知识的堆砌,而是思维的构建。这份讲义,就是为您和孩子们搭建的、通往英语素养的坚实阶梯。 —— Miss周 · 周周有招 让每一堂课,都成为师生共同期待的精彩旅程。 目  录 第一讲 · 单元导学总览 一、教学目标与课时规划 1 二、本讲知识体系地图 1 三、模块一:课前测(基础诊断) 2 四、模块二:核心词汇深度解析 3 4.1 名词类:庭院与动植物 3 4.2 动词类 5 4.3 兼类词深度解析 5 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 五、模块三:核心句型深度建构 6 5.1 询问与回答:What's this/that? 6 5.2 询问数量:How many...? 6 六、模块四:语音深度训练 7 6.1 闭音节概念认知 7 6.2 五个短元音发音精讲 7 6.3 语音辨析训练 8 6.4 语音活动 8 七、模块五:语法精讲——指示代词 9 7.1 指示代词体系总览 9 7.2 核心用法精讲 9 7.3 易错陷阱深度解析 9 7.4 阶梯变式训练 9 八、模块六:语法精讲——可数名词复数 10 8.1 复数变化规则体系 10 8.2 本单元不规则复数 10 8.3 易错陷阱深度解析 10 8.4 阶梯变式训练 10 九、模块七:课堂练习 11 9.1 词汇与语法综合 11 9.2 阅读理解 11 十、模块八:课堂小结 12 十一、模块九:课后巩固作业 12 11.1 基础巩固 12 11.2 能力提升 12 11.3 拓展挑战 13 十二、本讲笔记 13 第一讲 · 单元导学总览 本讲聚焦 Section A "What is fun in a yard?" 围绕"庭院乐趣"主题,构建词汇→句型→语法→语用的完整学习闭环。对标人教版新版教材,融合中考考点体系,实现知识深度进化。 一、教学目标与课时规划 维度 内容 时间分配 课前测 基础诊断(10分钟) 10 min 讲题 课前测精讲 5 min 课堂授课 词汇深度解析 + 句型建构 + 语音训练 + 语法精讲 80 min 课堂练习 阶梯式原创训练 15 min 练习讲评 逐题解析 + 易错归因 5 min 课堂小结 思维导图式总结 5 min 课后作业 巩固拓展(30分钟量) 课后 二、本讲知识体系地图 🌳 核心主线:认识庭院(yard)→ 描述事物(指示代词)→ 量化表达(基数词)→ 语音解码(短元音) 层级 内容 词汇层 庭院动植物词汇(yard, carrot, goose, plant, flower, animal 等) 句型层 What's this/that? / What are these/those? / How many...? 语法层 指示代词 this/that/these/those + 可数名词复数变化规则 语音层 元音字母 a/e/i/o/u 在重读闭音节中的短元音发音 语用层 介绍与询问庭院中的动植物 三、模块一:课前测(基础诊断) 限时10分钟,满分20分。检测已有知识储备,为分层学习提供依据。 一、根据中文提示写单词(每题1分,共5分) 1. There are many flowers in the ________(院子). 2. My grandma grows ________(胡萝卜)in the garden. 3. Look! A ________(鹅)is swimming in the lake. 4. Please ________(数数)from one to ten. 5. This is a ________(美丽的)flower. 二、单项选择(每题1分,共5分) 1. (   ) — What's this? — ________ a cat. A. This is    B. It's    C. That's    D. Its 2. (   ) — What are these? — ________ apple trees. A. It's    B. They're    C. That's    D. This is 3. (   ) How many ________ do you have? A. duck    B. a duck    C. ducks    D. an duck 4. (   ) Look at ________ black and white cows. A. a    B. an    C. the    D. / 5. (   ) I can see some ________ on the farm. A. sheeps    B. sheep    C. sheepes    D. a sheep 三、写出下列单词的复数形式(每题1分,共5分) 1. goose → ________ 2. baby → ________ 3. tomato → ________ 4. duck → ________ 5. flower → ________ 四、将下列句子改为复数句(每题1分,共5分) 1. This is a duck. → ________ 2. That is a goose. → ________ 3. What is this? → ________ 4. It is a carrot. → ________ 5. I can see a sheep. → ________ 四、模块二:核心词汇深度解析 词汇认知重构:从"记单词"到"建网络"——每个单词不仅是符号,更是知识网络的节点。 4.1 名词类:庭院与动植物 4.1.1   yard   /jɑːd/   n. 院子;园圃 定义与用法:yard 指房屋周围的空地,通常围起来的区域,可以是草地、花园或硬化的庭院。可数名词,复数形式为 yards。 📌 例句链: 1. The children are playing games in the yard. 2. My grandmother has a beautiful yard with many flowers and a small vegetable garden. 3. There is a big tree in the front yard of our house. ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 与 garden 混淆 I play in the garden.(本意想说"院子") I play in the yard. 冠词遗漏 There is big yard. There is a big yard. 介词搭配 I stay at yard. I stay in the yard. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)We often have dinner in the ________ on summer evenings. 2.(提高)There are many kinds of ________(植物)in my uncle's ________(院子). 3.(拓展)— ________ can you see in the yard? — I can see a dog and some flowers. 🔑 规律总结:yard 是居家环境中的核心空间词汇,常与 in the yard 搭配;与之类似的还有 in the garden(在花园里)、on the farm(在农场上),注意介词使用的差异。 4.1.2   carrot   /ˈkærət/   n. 胡萝卜 定义与用法:carrot 既可指"胡萝卜"这种蔬菜(可数名词),也可指胡萝卜这种植物本身。复数形式为 carrots。 📌 例句链: 1. Rabbits love eating fresh carrots. 2. My grandpa grows carrot plants in the backyard vegetable garden. 3. Please wash these carrots before cooking. ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 泛指类别用单数 I eat carrot every day. I eat carrots every day. 复合名词复数 There are three carrots plants. There are three carrot plants. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)I like eating ________(胡萝卜)for breakfast. 2.(提高)Look at those ________(胡萝卜苗)in the field. 3.(拓展)How many ________ does the rabbit have? — It has three. 🔑 规律总结:carrot 的复数变化属于规则变化,直接加 s。当 carrot 作定语修饰名词时,用单数形式(名词作定语一般用单数,man/woman 除外)。 4.1.3   goose   /ɡuːs/   n. 鹅(复数 geese /ɡiːs/) 定义与用法:goose 指"鹅"这种家禽,其复数形式为不规则变化 geese。注意与 goat(山羊)区分。 📌 例句链: 1. A white goose is walking near the lake. 2. There are five geese on my uncle's farm. 3. The geese are swimming in the pond and making loud sounds. ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 复数误加 s two gooses two geese 混淆单复数答语 What's that? — They're a goose. What's that? — It's a goose. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)A ________(鹅)is a kind of bird that can swim. 2.(提高)Those ________(鹅)over there are very beautiful. 3.(拓展)— What are those? — ________ white geese. 🔑 规律总结:goose→geese 属于不规则复数中的"元音变化型",同类词:foot→feet(脚)、tooth→teeth(牙齿)。记忆口诀:"鹅的脚(foot)变脚(feet),牙齿(tooth)变齿(teeth),鹅(goose)变鹅(geese),都是 oo 变 ee。" 4.1.4   其他核心名词速查表 单词 音标 词性 中文 复数形式 记忆提示 plant /plɑːnt/ n. 植物 plants 作"植物"与"工厂"为同形异义词 animal /ˈænɪml/ n. 动物 animals 重音在第一音节 flower /ˈflaʊə/ n. 花 flowers -er 结尾,不是 -or lake /leɪk/ n. 湖 lakes a_e 结构,元音字母发本音 farm /fɑːm/ n. 农场 farms farmer 是"农民" duck /dʌk/ n. 鸭子 ducks 与 dark"黑暗的"区分 rabbit /ˈræbɪt/ n. 兔子 rabbits 双写 b,不是 rabit chicken /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ n. 鸡/鸡肉 chickens 作"鸡肉"时不可数 4.2 动词类 4.2.1   count   /kaʊnt/   v. 数数 定义与用法:count 表示按顺序数数或计算数量。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 count + 名词 Count the apples. 数苹果。 count from...to... Count from 1 to 20. 从 1 数到 20。 count down Count down from 10. 从 10 倒数。 Let me count. Let me count the ducks. 让我数数鸭子。 📌 例句链: 1. Let me count the number of geese on the farm. 2. The little boy can count from one to one hundred in English. 3. Please count how many apple trees there are in the yard. ⚠️ 易错陷阱 count 后直接接名词,不需要介词。如"Count the books"而非"Count of the books"。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)Let me ________(数数)the rabbits. 2.(提高)Can you ________ from one to fifteen? 3.(拓展)________ many ducks does your uncle have? Let me ________. 🔑 规律总结:count 是规则动词,第三人称单数形式为 counts,过去式/过去分词为 counted。常见搭配:count on(依赖)、count...in(把……算在内)。 四、模块二:核心词汇深度解析(续) 4.3 兼类词深度解析 4.3.1   fun   /fʌn/   n. 乐趣;快乐   adj. 有趣的;使人快乐的 定义与用法:fun 既是不可数名词(乐趣),也是形容词(有趣的)。作名词时前面不能用不定冠词 a/an;作形容词时可作定语,也可作表语。 结构拆解: 词性 功能 例句 解析 不可数名词 作主语/宾语/表语 We have fun on the farm. have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得开心 形容词 作定语或表语 It's a fun game. / The game was fun. fun 作形容词可置于名词前,也可作表语 📌 例句链: 1. The children are having a lot of fun playing in the yard. 2. It's great fun to watch the baby chickens follow their mother. 3. We had so much fun at the farm last weekend. ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 误用 a fun It's a fun. It's fun. 混淆 fun/funny He is a fun person. He is a funny person. 注:fun 是不可数名词,不能与 a/an 连用;fun 意为“有趣的”,funny 意为“滑稽的、好笑的”,二者含义不同。在正式书面表达中,great fun / much fun 比 very fun 更为规范。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)We have ________(乐趣)on the farm every weekend. 2.(提高)The children are having so much ________ playing with the dog. 3.(拓展)— What is ________ in a yard? — We can see many plants and animals. 🔑 规律总结:fun 的用法口诀——"have fun 做某事,fun 是名词不可数;fun 作形容词放名前,也可作表语用;funny 滑稽是另一回事,两者区别记心间。" 4.3.2   another   /əˈnʌðə/   adj. & pron. 另一;又一(人或事物) 定义与用法:another 表示“另一个”、“再一个”,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。可作形容词(修饰名词)或代词(单独使用)。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 another + 单数名词 another duck 又一只鸭子 another + 数词 + 复数名词 another three ducks 另外三只鸭子 单独使用(代词) I want another. 我想要另一个。 📌 例句链: 1. I have one apple, but I want another one. 2. Look there! Another duck is behind the big tree. 3. Can you give me another five minutes to finish the work? ⚠️ 易错陷阱 易错点 错误用法 正确用法 与 other 混淆 another students other students / another student 与 the other 混淆 I have two ducks. One is white, another is black. ...the other is black. 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)I don't like this book. Please show me ________ one. 2.(提高)Fourteen ducks! Oh, look! ________ duck is behind the tree. 3.(拓展)— How many more apples do you need? — I need ________ three. 🔑 规律总结:another 的核心含义是“再一个、另一个”,与数量无关,与顺序有关。记忆口诀:"another 接单数,再一个;other 接复数,其他的;the other 是特指,两者中另一个。" 4.3.3   else   /els/   adv. 其他的;别的 定义与用法:else 是副词,意为“其他的、别的”,用于疑问词(what, who, where 等)或不定代词(something, nothing 等)之后。 结构拆解: 结构 示例 中文 what + else What else can you see? 你还能看到什么? who + else Who else is on the farm? 还有谁在农场? something + else I need something else. 我还需要别的东西。 nothing + else Nothing else is in the yard. 院子里没有别的东西了。 📌 例句链: 1. What else can you see on the farm besides the cows? 2. I have finished my homework. Is there anything else I need to do? 3. Who else wants to go to the lake with us? ⚠️ 易错陷阱 else 与 other 混淆。else 置于疑问词/不定代词后;other 置于名词前。如:What else? / What other things? 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)What ________(别的)can you see on the farm? 2.(提高)Is there anything ________ you want to tell me? 3.(拓展)Who ________ is coming to visit the farm with us? 🔑 规律总结:else 的用法规则——"疑问词后、不定后,else 紧跟在后头;other 放在名词前,两者区别记心间。" 五、模块三:核心句型深度建构 5.1 询问与回答:What's this/that? 📐 句型公式 问句 答句 使用场景 What's this? It's a/an + 单数名词. 询问近处的单数事物 What's that? It's a/an + 单数名词. 询问远处的单数事物 What are these? They're + 复数名词. 询问近处的复数事物 What are those? They're + 复数名词. 询问远处的复数事物 📌 例句链: 1. — What's this in your hand? — It's a beautiful flower. 2. — What's that near the tree? — It's a white goose. 3. — What are these on the table? — They're fresh carrots. 4. — What are those over there? — They're apple trees. ⚠️ 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:答语误用 this/that 错误:What's this? → This is a cat. 正确:What's this? → It's a cat. 解析:回答 this/that 开头的问句时,必须用 it 代替,不能重复使用 this 或 that。 陷阱二:单复数不匹配 错误:What are these? → It's carrots. 正确:What are these? → They're carrots. 解析:问句中的 these 是复数,答语必须用 they're,be 动词用 are,名词用复数。 陷阱三:冠词遗漏或误用 错误:What's that? → It's apple tree. 正确:What's that? → It's an apple tree. 解析:apple tree 是可数名词单数,前面必须有冠词。apple 以元音音素开头,用 an。 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)— ________ this? — It's a yard. 2.(提高)— What are those? — ________ horses. 3.(拓展)— What's that over there? — It's ________ orange cat. 5.2 询问数量:How many...? 📐 句型公式 How many + 可数名词复数 + do/does + 主语 + have/can see? 📌 例句链: 1. — How many apple trees does your grandpa have? — He has ten. 2. — How many rabbits can you see in the yard? — I can see five white rabbits. 3. — How many ducks does your uncle have? — Let me count. One, two, three... fourteen ducks! ⚠️ 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:名词未用复数 错误:How many duck do you have? 正确:How many ducks do you have? 陷阱二:助动词使用错误 错误:How many ducks does you have? 正确:How many ducks do you have? 陷阱三:动词形式错误 错误:How many ducks does your uncle has? 正确:How many ducks does your uncle have? 📈 阶梯变式训练 1.(基础)— ________ ________ ducks does your uncle have? — He has eight. 2.(提高)— How many ________(sheep)are there on the farm? — There are twenty. 3.(拓展)— How many ________ can you see? — I can see twelve ________. 🔑 规律总结:how many 的用法口诀——"how many 后加复数,do/does 看主语;三单用 does 动词回原形,其他用 do 动词不用变。" 六、模块四:语音深度训练——元音字母在重读闭音节中的发音 6.1 闭音节概念认知 定义:闭音节是以一个元音字母 + 一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾的音节。在重读闭音节中,元音字母发短音。 元音字母 开音节(发字母本音) 闭音节(发短音) Aa name /eɪ/ cat /æ/ Ee he /iː/ bed /e/ Ii like /aɪ/ pig /ɪ/ Oo go /əʊ/ dog /ɒ/ Uu use /juː/ cup /ʌ/ 注:本表呈现的是初中阶段最基本的开闭音节发音规律,后续学习中会接触更多例外情况。 6.2 五个短元音发音精讲 Aa → /æ/ —— 嘴巴张大,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 cat /kæt/ 口型上下拉开,像“哎”但更短促 map /mæp/ 双唇放松,短促有力 bag /bæɡ/ 不要读成“拜格” hand /hænd/ 注意/n/和/d/的衔接 Ee → /e/ —— 嘴巴扁平,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 bed /bed/ 口型扁平,类似“诶”但更短 red /red/ 不要读成“瑞德” pen /pen/ 短促干脆 ten /ten/ /t/要送气 Ii → /ɪ/ —— 短促,舌尖抵下齿 示例词 音标 发音要点 pig /pɪɡ/ 嘴巴微张,不要读成“皮格” big /bɪɡ/ 短促,不要拉长 sit /sɪt/ 与 seat /siːt/ 区分 six /sɪks/ /ks/组合要清辅音化 Oo → /ɒ/ —— 嘴巴收圆,短促 示例词 音标 发音要点 dog /dɒɡ/ 圆唇,短促有力 box /bɒks/ 不要读成“伯克斯” hot /hɒt/ 与 hat /hæt/ 区分 not /nɒt/ 与 note /nəʊt/ 区分 Uu → /ʌ/ —— 嘴巴放松,短促 示例词 音标 发音要点 cup /kʌp/ 嘴巴半张,类似“啊”但更短 duck /dʌk/ 不要读成“达克” bus /bʌs/ 与 boss /bɒs/ 区分 fun /fʌn/ 与 fan /fæn/ 区分 6.3 语音辨析训练 一、选出划线部分发音不同的单词(每题1分,共5分) 1. (   ) A. cat    B. map    C. name    D. bag 2. (   ) A. bed    B. he    C. red    D. pen 3. (   ) A. pig    B. big    C. like    D. six 4. (   ) A. dog    B. go    C. box    D. hot 5. (   ) A. cup    B. duck    C. use    D. bus 二、朗读下列单词,写出划线字母的发音(每题1分,共5分) 1. cat → ________ 2. bed → ________ 3. pig → ________ 4. dog → ________ 5. cup → ________ 6.4 语音活动——听韵文,做任务 🎙️ 听老师朗读下面的韵文,然后回答问题。 “Hey there, Big Cat. Let's go to the lake. Come with me and Dog, And Fox and Frog! We will listen to music, And find flowers red and pink. We will sit in the sun, tell jokes and have fun.” 📝 听后任务 1. How many animals are mentioned in the chant? ________ 2. Where will they go? ________ 3. What will they do?(写出至少三件事)________ 七、模块五:语法精讲——指示代词 7.1 指示代词体系总览 定义:指示代词是用来“指示”或“指明”人或事物的代词,相当于中文的“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”。 单数 复数 功能 近指 this(这个) these(这些) 指距离说话人近的人或物 远指 that(那个) those(那些) 指距离说话人远的人或物 7.2 核心用法精讲 用法一:作主语 ▪ This is my book.    ▪ That is your pen.    ▪ These are carrot plants.    ▪ Those are apple trees. 用法二:回答 this/that 和 these/those 的问句 核心规则:回答 this/that 用 it;回答 these/those 用 they。 ▪ — What's this? — It's a duck.    ▪ — What's that? — It's a goose. ▪ — What are these? — They're carrots.    ▪ — What are those? — They're geese. 用法三:作定语修饰名词 ▪ this book    ▪ that car    ▪ these flowers    ▪ those trees 📌 例句链: 1. This is my grandpa's yard, and that is my uncle's farm. 2. These rabbits are white, but those rabbits over there are black and white. 3. I like this apple tree because it has many apples, but my sister likes that one. 7.3 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:this/that 问句用 this/that 回答 错误:What's this? → This is a cat. 正确:What's this? → It's a cat. 陷阱二:单复数不一致 错误:What are these? → It's a carrot. 正确:What are these? → They're carrots. 陷阱三:this 和 these 混用 错误:These is a book. 正确:This is a book. / These are books. 陷阱四:介绍人物时用错 错误:He is my friend Tom. 正确:This is my friend Tom. 7.4 阶梯变式训练 一、用 this/that/these/those 填空(每题1分,共5分) 1. ________(近处单数)is a beautiful flower in my hand. 2. Look at ________(远处复数)mountains over there. 3. ________(近处复数)books on my desk are new. 4. ________(远处单数)man near the lake is my uncle. 5. ________(近处复数)rabbits are very cute. 二、按要求完成句子(每题2分,共6分) 1. This is a duck.(改为复数句)→ ________ 2. Those are apple trees.(改为单数句)→ ________ 3. What are these?(用 carrots 回答)→ ________ 八、模块六:语法精讲——可数名词复数 8.1 复数变化规则体系 规则类型 变化规则 示例 读音规则 一般情况 直接加 -s duck→ducks, carrot→carrots 清辅音后读/s/;浊辅音/元音后读/z/ s/x/ch/sh 结尾 加 -es box→boxes, watch→watches 读/ɪz/ 辅音+y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -es baby→babies, story→stories 读/z/ 以 o 结尾(有生命) 加 -es tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes 读/z/ 以 o 结尾(无生命) 加 -s photo→photos, piano→pianos 读/z/ f/fe 结尾 变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es knife→knives, wife→wives 读/vz/ 8.2 本单元不规则复数 单数 复数 变化规律 goose geese oo→ee 元音变化 sheep sheep 单复数同形 child children 加 -ren man men a→e 元音变化 woman women a→e 元音变化 📌 例句链: 1. There are many geese on my grandpa's farm, but only two geese are white. 2. Look at those sheep! They are eating grass on the hill. 3. The children are feeding the chickens and ducks on the farm. 8.3 易错陷阱深度解析 陷阱一:sheep 的复数误加 s 错误:five sheeps 正确:five sheep 解析:sheep 单复数同形,永远不加 s。同类词:deer(鹿)、fish(鱼)。 陷阱二:goose 复数写成 gooses 错误:two gooses 正确:two geese 陷阱三:tomato 复数只加 s 错误:two tomatos 正确:two tomatoes 陷阱四:复合名词复数错误 错误:two apples trees 正确:two apple trees 解析:名词作定语时用单数形式(man/woman 除外)。 8.4 阶梯变式训练 一、写出下列单词的复数形式(每题1分,共8分) 1. goose → ________ 2. sheep → ________ 3. tomato → ________ 4. baby → ________ 5. duck → ________ 6. horse → ________ 7. chicken → ________ 8. rabbit → ________ 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空(每题1分,共5分) 1. There are three ________(goose)on the lake. 2. How many ________(sheep)does the farmer have? 3. I can see many ________(tomato)in the basket. 4. Those ________(baby)are playing with their mother. 5. Look at those ________(apple tree)on the hill. 九、模块七:课堂练习(15分钟) 9.1 词汇与语法综合(每题1分,共10分) 一、单项选择 1. (   ) — What ________ these? — ________ apple trees. A. is; It's    B. are; They're    C. is; They're    D. are; It's 2. (   ) How many ________ can you see on the farm? A. goose    B. gooses    C. geese    D. a goose 3. (   ) Look at ________ ducks in the lake. They are so cute. A. a    B. an    C. the    D. / 4. (   ) — What's that over there? — ________ a white horse. A. This is    B. That is    C. It's    D. They're 5. (   ) My grandpa has five ________ on his farm. A. sheeps    B. sheep    C. sheepes    D. a sheep 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. There are many ________(kind)of animals on the farm. 2. Let me ________(count)the apples on the tree. 3. Those ________(baby chicken)are so cute! 4. What ________(else)can you see in the picture? 5. I can see two ________(goose)and five ________(duck). 9.2 阅读理解(每题2分,共10分) Hello! I'm Peter. This is my grandpa's farm. It is a big farm. Look! These are apple trees. How many apple trees does my grandpa have? Let me count. One, two, three... twelve! He has twelve apple trees. Those are carrot plants. They are green and beautiful. What are those near the lake? They are geese. Three white geese and two black geese. Look at the baby chickens! They are yellow and cute. They are following their mother. Oh, there is a duck behind the big tree. Another duck is in the lake. What a fun farm! 1. (   ) How many apple trees does Peter's grandpa have?   A. Ten.   B. Eleven.   C. Twelve.   D. Twenty. 2. (   ) Where are the carrot plants?   A. Near the lake.   B. Behind the tree.   C. In the yard.   D. The passage doesn't say. 3. (   ) How many geese are there on the farm?   A. Three.   B. Two.   C. Five.   D. Seven. 4. (   ) Where are the ducks?   A. In the lake.   B. Behind the tree and in the lake.   C. Near the house.   D. Under the tree. 5. (   ) What color are the baby chickens?   A. White and black.   B. Yellow.   C. Green.   D. Brown. 十、模块八:课堂小结(5分钟) 🌳 Starter Unit 3 第一讲 · 知识树 模块 核心内容 核心词汇 yard, carrot, goose, plant, flower, animal, count, fun, another, else 核心句型 What's this/that? → It's... What are these/those? → They're... How many + 复数...? 语法体系 指示代词:this/that/these/those 名词复数:规则变化 + 不规则变化(goose→geese, sheep→sheep) 语音知识 闭音节概念;短元音 /æ/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ɒ/ /ʌ/ 高频考点自检清单 考点 掌握情况 需要巩固 this/that 的回答用 it □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ these/those 的回答用 they □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ how many 后接可数名词复数 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ goose→geese 不规则变化 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ sheep 单复数同形 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ 重读闭音节中 a/e/i/o/u 发短音 □ 已掌握   □ 未掌握 ________ 十一、模块九:课后巩固作业(30分钟量) 11.1 基础巩固(每题1分,共10分) 一、根据中文提示完成句子 1. Look at those ________(兔子)in the yard. 2. How many ________(马)does your uncle have? 3. The ________(鹅)are swimming in the lake. 4. Please ________(数数)the baby chickens. 5. What ________(别的)can you see on the farm? 二、用 be 动词(am/is/are)填空 6. These ________ my grandpa's apple trees. 7. That ________ a beautiful flower. 8. I ________ a student. I like the farm. 9. Those geese ________ white and beautiful. 10. How many ducks ________ there on the farm? 11.2 能力提升(每题2分,共10分) 一、按要求改写句子 1. This is a goose.(改为复数句)→ ________ 2. Those are tomato plants.(改为单数句)→ ________ 3. I can see five ducks.(对划线部分提问)→ ________ 4. It's a carrot.(改为复数句)→ ________ 5. There are ten apple trees on the farm.(对划线部分提问)→ ________ 二、补全对话 A: Look at the picture! (1)________ is this? B: (2)________ a duck. A: And what (3)________ these? B: (4)________ baby chickens. A: How (5)________ baby chickens can you see? B: I can see six. 11.3 拓展挑战(每题2分,共10分) 📖 阅读短文,回答问题 Tom's uncle has a big farm. There are many kinds of animals on the farm. Tom goes to the farm with his parents every weekend. This Saturday, Tom sees five horses, eight cows, twelve ducks and some sheep on the farm. The horses are brown and white. The cows are black and white. The ducks are swimming in the small lake. The sheep are eating grass behind the red house. "How many sheep does my uncle have?" Tom asks. His uncle says, "Let me count. One, two, three... fifteen sheep!" Tom's uncle also has a dog. It is behind the big tree. Tom likes the farm very much. 1. How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage? ________ 2. Where are the ducks? ________ 3. What color are the cows? ________ 4. How many sheep does Tom's uncle have? ________ 5. Where is the dog? ________ 十二、本讲笔记 _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ✦ 第一讲完 ✦ (全文结束,可直接打印使用) 第 2 页 共 17 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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周周有招同步提高班讲义Starter Unit3第1讲2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册
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周周有招同步提高班讲义Starter Unit3第1讲2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册
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