Unit3语法(被动语态)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年冀教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦一般现在时与一般过去时的被动语态，通过主动与被动语态对比导入，从动作发出者与承受者的区别切入，搭建“定义-结构-转换步骤”的学习支架，衔接两种时态的be动词形式及标志词，帮助学生构建知识脉络。 资料以单元“Arts enrich our life”为主题设计例句与练习，通过“高频易错点”解析（如主谓一致、感官动词被动带to）和“转换步骤”指导，提升学生语言能力（准确运用被动语态）与思维品质（分析时态差异），多样化练习（词形填空、句型改写等）助力巩固，培养自主学习能力。

Unit3 Arts enrich our life语法讲解与练习 一般现在时&一般过去时的被动语态 一、主动语态 vs被动语态 主动语态：主语是动作的发出者 People create artworks. 人们创作艺术作品。 被动语态:主语是动作的承受者,强调动作对象/不知道动作发出者/不想突出执行者。 Artworks are created (by people). 艺术作品（被人们）创作。 被动语态通用结构 be +及物动词过去分词 (done) 注意：不及物动词无被动语态（happen, appear, arrive 等） 二、两种时态被动语态结构 1.一般现在时被动语态 ✅ 肯定句：am / is / are + done ✅ 否定句：am / is / are + not + done ✅ 一般疑问句：Am / Is / Are +主语+ done? 判断标志：often, usually, always, every day, generally 等 *Many artworks are kept in the museum. 很多艺术品被保存在博物馆。 *This calligraphy is appreciated by lots of visitors. 这幅书法被众多参观者欣赏。 *I am moved by the painting. 我被这幅画作打动。 2.一般过去时被动语态 ✅ 肯定句：was/were + done ✅ 否定句：was /were + not + done ✅ 一般疑问句：Was/Were +主语+ done? 判断标志：yesterday, last year, in 2000, at that time 等过去时间 *This great masterpiece was painted by a famous artist. 这幅杰作是一位著名画家创作的。 *Many old works were translated into English last century. 许多古老作品在上个世纪被翻译成英文。 三、by 短语用法 动作执行者放在句尾，用by +动作发出者； 不知道 /不需要强调执行者时，可以直接省略 by 短语。 主动：Artists create paintings. 被动：Paintings are created by artists. 四、主动变被动 转换步骤 1.主动句宾语 → 被动句主语 2.谓语动词改为 be + done，be 动词人称时态跟随新主语变化 3.主动句主语前加 by,放句末（可省略） 主动：People admire the master. 被动：The master is admired (by people). （主动句中时态是一般现在时,所以被动语法也是一般现在时) 五、高频易错点 A.主谓一致：be 动词单复数由被动句新主语决定 The paintings were shown.（复数主语→were） The painting was shown.（单数主语→was） B.感官动词、使役动词主动不带 to，被动必须加 to（拓展考点） 主动：People make us enjoy art. 被动：We are made to enjoy art. C.不及物动词 无被动 ❌ The story was happened. ✅ The story happened. D.短语动词不可拆分 look after → be looked after；take care of → be taken care of E.时态区分口诀 经常性、客观事实 → am/is/are done（一般现在被动） 过去某时发生 → was/were done（一般过去被动） 六、单元话题典型例句 1.Many traditional art forms are enriched by new ideas.（一般现在被动） 许多传统艺术形式被新思想丰富。 2.This drama was translated into many languages years ago.（一般过去被动） 这部戏剧多年前被翻译成多种语言。 3.The beautiful calligraphy is appreciated by visitors. 优美的书法被参观者欣赏。 4.Those artworks were surrounded by green plants at the show. 那些艺术品在展览上被绿植环绕。 【配套专项练习】 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Many artworks ____________ (keep) in this big museum every year. 2.This poem ____________ (translate) into English last month. 3.Beautiful music ____________ (enjoy) by people all over the world. 4.These paintings ____________ (create) by a young artist in 2024. 5.I ____________ (impress) by the masterpiece every time I see it. 6.The old theatre ____________ (build) hundreds of years ago. 7.Different styles of art ____________ (show) in the hall every summer. 8.The special breakfast ____________ (make) by my mother every morning. 9.The letter ____________ (write) by the playwright yesterday afternoon. 10.Lots of ancient calligraphy ____________ (protect) carefully now. 11.These peanuts ____________ (grow) on the farm every year. 12.The little village ____________ (surround) by mountains all the time. 13.The play ____________ (put) on last Sunday. 14.Good works of art ____________ (appreciate) by people of all ages. 15.This unique style ____________ (discover) by him ten years ago. 16.The new dialogue ____________ (perform) every weekend in the theatre. 17.Those costumes ____________ (design) by the actress last year. 18.Many kinds of artwork ____________ (collect) by the artist. 19.The theory about art ____________ (study) by students every term. 20.The valuable slab ____________ (find) in the old house last year. 21.New ideas ____________ (mix) with traditional art every day. 22.The important introduction ____________ (give) by the director yesterday. 23. Every visitor can____________ (feel) the peace of the painting 24.These useful instructions ____________ (follow) by all workers. 25.The great drama ____________ (see) by thousands of people last year. 二、单项选择 1.Lots of traditional art forms ______ by young people nowadays. A. love B. loved C. are loved D. were loved 2.This famous play ______ into many foreign languages last year. A. translates B. translated C. is translated D. was translated 3.Many artworks ______ in the museum every summer. A. show B. are shown C. showed D. were shown 4.—When ______ this painting ______? —In 2010. A. is; painted B. was; painted C. does; paint D. did; paint 5.The artist’s masterpieces ______ by millions of people. A. admire B. admired C. are admired D. was admired 6.A lot of information about calligraphy ______ on the Internet every day. A. shares B. is shared C. shared D. was shared 7.The old theatre ______ in 1950. A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built 8.These art styles ______ all over the world now. A. know B. are known C. knew D. were known 9.This story ______ to children every evening. A. tells B. is told C. told D. was told 10.The first show of the drama ______ last Friday. A. holds B. is held C. held D. was held 11.Many ancient works ______ well since they were found. A. protect B. are protected C. protected D. were protected 12.Vegetables and fruits ______ in the garden every year. A. grow B. are grown C. grew D. were grown 13.—Who designed this artwork? —It ______ by a gifted artist. A. designs B. is designed C. designed D. was designed 14.Great art ______ people’s minds. A. enriches B. is enriched C. enriched D. was enriched 15.The valuable slab ______ in the old town in 2023. A. finds B. is found C. found D. was found 三、句子改写（主动语态改为被动语态） 1.People enjoy different kinds of artworks in the museum. ________________________________________________________ 2.The artist painted this masterpiece three years ago. ________________________________________________________ 3.Visitors appreciate the beautiful calligraphy every day. ________________________________________________________ 4.Workers built this theatre in 1998. ________________________________________________________ 5.People translate the drama into many different languages. ________________________________________________________ 6.The director put on the new play last Sunday. ________________________________________________________ 7.Many people collect all kinds of artworks. ________________________________________________________ 8.They discovered this unique painting style ten years ago. ________________________________________________________ 9.People keep the ancient ink works in the hall. ________________________________________________________ 10.The writer wrote the dialogue for the comedy last month. ________________________________________________________ 四、汉译英句子翻译（合理使用被动语态） 1.许多传统艺术作品每年都在博物馆展出 ________________________________________________________ 2.这部戏剧去年被翻译成多种语言。 ________________________________________________________ 3.这幅杰作每天都被大量游客欣赏。 ________________________________________________________ 4.这座古老的剧院是数百年前建造的。 ________________________________________________________ 5.各种各样的艺术形式被全世界的人们喜爱。 ________________________________________________________ 6.独特的艺术风格十年前被这位艺术家发现。 ________________________________________________________ 7.每天，大量艺术相关信息在网络上传播。 ________________________________________________________ 8.这场喜剧的首场演出上周五举办。 ________________________________________________________ 9.古老的书法作品被精心保护。 ________________________________________________________ 10.新思想经常和传统艺术融合在一起。 ________________________________________________________ Keys 一、词形填空 1.are kept 2.was translated 3.is enjoyed 4.were created 5.am impressed 6.was built 7.are shown 8.is made 9.was written 10.are protected 11.are grown 12.is surrounded 13.was put 14.are appreciated 15.was discovered 16.is performed 17.were designed 18.are collected 19.is studied 20.was found 21.are mixed 22.was given 23.feel 24.are followed 25.was seen 二、单项选择 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.D 三、句型改写（主动变被动） 1.Different kinds of artworks are enjoyed by people in the museum. 2.This masterpiece was painted by the artist three years ago. 3.The beautiful calligraphy is appreciated by visitors every day. 4.This theatre was built by workers in 1998. 5.The drama is translated into many different languages by people. 6.The new play was put on by the director last Sunday. 7.All kinds of artworks are collected by many people. 8.This unique painting style was discovered by them ten years ago. 9.The ancient ink works are kept by people in the hall. 10.The dialogue for the comedy was written by the writer last month. 四、汉译英参考范文 1.Lots of traditional artworks are shown in the museum every year. 2.The drama was translated into many languages last year. 3.This masterpiece is appreciated by lots of visitors every day. 4.The old theatre was built hundreds of years ago. 5.All kinds of art forms are loved by people all over the world. 6.The unique art style was discovered by the artist ten years ago. 7.Lots of art information is spread on the Internet every day. 8.The first show of the comedy was held last Friday. 9.The ancient calligraphy works are protected carefully. 10.New ideas are often mixed with traditional art. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $