UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ-（配套教参Word版）【创新教程·五维课堂】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册同步讲义（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇（如compete的用法及拓展）、even if引导的让步状语从句、反义疑问句语法，通过词义-搭配-拓展的词汇学习，句式结构分析，到语法的基本概念、主语谓语选择及回答，构建递进式学习支架。 资料特色在于词汇学习采用“佳句感知-归纳拓展-即学活用-语境助记”循环设计提升语言能力，反义疑问句配思维导图和分类讲解培养思维品质，练习题涵盖基础与综合（如阅读理解），课中辅助教学，课后助力查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P41)An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country. 但一个运动员在为国家比赛的时候，他/她应当考虑荣誉和他/她的粉丝们。　compete vi. 竞争，争夺；比赛 ◆[佳句感知] (1)Schools should not compete with each other. 学校之间不应该相互竞争。 (2)They will compete for prizes totalling nearly ￡ 3,000. 他们将为总额近3 000英镑的奖金展开争夺。 (3)First and foremost，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 p．m.and last for roughly 3 hours. 首先也是最重要的，在我校体育馆进行的比赛下午两点开始，大致延续3个小时。 [归纳拓展]　 (1)compete (2)competitive adj.　竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的 (3)competitor n．　竞争者，竞争对手 (4)competition n．　竞争；竞赛，比赛 ◆[佳句背诵] Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in(参加)competitions regularly. ◆[即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Iceland will compete 　against/with　 Spain for the champion tonight. ②He is hoping to compete 　in　 the London marathon. ③The prize for the winner of the 　competition　(compete)is a twoweek holiday in Lake Titicaca. 语境助记 ④In this 　competition，the competitors　 are 　competing against　 each other for the prize money.(compete) 在这次比赛中，竞争对手为了奖金而互相竞争。 2．(教材P41)That don't make any sense! 那没有任何意义！　make sense 讲得通，有道理 [归纳拓展]　make sense of　弄懂，理解 there is no sense in (doing)sth.　(做)某事是没有道理的 in a sense　在某种意义上 in no sense　决不 ◆[佳句感知] (1)But many norms(规范)just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication. 但是很多规范对于沉浸在数码交际的人来说，没有意义。 (2)Can you make sense of this poem? 你看得懂这首诗吗？ (3)In a sense，it becomes hard to make sense of your real need. 在某种意义上，理解你的真正需求很难。 ◆[佳句背诵] From my point of view，these measures(措施)don't make any sense. ◆[即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Planning so far ahead 　makes　(make)no sense－so many things will have changed by next year. ②It makes no sense 　to work　(work)on the problem before it gets out of control. ③Can you make any sense 　of　 this brochure? ④There's no sense 　in　 getting upset about his unreasonable request. 句型转换 ⑤This sentence doesn't make sense to me. →I can not 　make sense of　 this sentence. 3．(教材P41)You should never cheat. 你永远不要作弊。　cheat vt.& vi. 欺骗；作弊　n. 骗子；欺骗手段 [归纳拓展]　cheat sb.(out)of sth.　(尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段)阻止某人得到某物 cheat sb.into doing sth.　哄骗某人做某事 ◆[佳句感知] He was found to cheat in such an important competition. 他被发现在这么重要的一场比赛中作弊。 ◆[即学活用] 语法填空 ①They cheated the old woman 　of　 her house and money. ②He cheated her into 　believing　(believe)him a wealthy man. [句式精析] (教材P41)A soccer player shouldn't pretend to fall down 　even if　 it helps his/her team. 一个足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，虽然这可能会对他/她所在的队有所帮助。　 ◆[句式分析] 本句为一个复合句。A soccer player shouldn't pretend to fall down为句子的主句，even if引导让步状语从句。 ◆[佳句感知] We should spare some time to listen to English songs even though we have a lot of homework to do. 即使我们有很多作业要做，我们也应该抽出一些时间听英文歌曲。 [归纳拓展]　even so　虽然如此 as if/though　好像，似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句 ◆[即学活用] 语法填空 ①He will come on time even though it 　rains　(rain)． 选词填空　(even if，even so，as if) ②－Your uncle seems to be a good driver. －　Even so，　I wouldn't dare to travel in his car. ③　Even if　 family members sometimes disagreed with each other，they worked together to make the business successful. ④You treat them 　as if　 they were your parents. 句型转换 ⑤Although we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation. →　Even if/though　 we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation. 反义疑问句 [自我探究] Jack：Hi，Mary! You're reading today's sports news，aren't you? Mary：Yes，Jack.Chinese women's volleyball players won the world championship again! You've heard that，haven't you? Jack: Yes.They brought honour and glory to the country. Mary：I feel so proud of that....The Winter Olympics will be held in Beijing，won't it? Jack：Yes.We are looking forward to it. ◆[总结归纳] (1)黑体部分都是　反义/附加疑问句　。 (2)主句都是　肯定陈述　，附加/反义疑问都是　否定　。 (3)反义/附加疑问句的　动词　和　时态　与陈述句基本相同。 [语法精讲] 一、基本概念 反义又叫附加疑问句。对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问的句子。反义疑问句实际上是简略的一般疑问句。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 二、思维导图 三、基本用法 (一)陈述部分为肯定式＋疑问部分为否定式 (如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。) e．g.She was ill yesterday, wasn't she? Tom dislikes the book，doesn't he? (二)陈述部分为否定式＋疑问部分为肯定式 (陈述部分用 no，nothing，nobody，never，few，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。) e．g.He can't ride a bike，can he? Some plants never bloom(开花)，do they? (三)附加疑问句主语和谓语动词选择 Ⅰ.主语的选择 1．陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I. I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? 注：当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如： I find English very interesting，don't you? I don't like that film，do you? 2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody，everyone，someone，nobody，no one，somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they，亦可用he。如： Somebody phoned while I was out，didn't they? Everyone enjoyed the party，didn't they? Nobody wants to go there，does he? 3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything，nothing，anything，something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it。如： Everything seems all right now，doesn't it? Nothing is kept in good order，is it? Something must be done to stop pollution，isn't it? 4．当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this，that或these，those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如： This is important，isn't it? That isn't correct，is it? These are your friends Tom and Jack，aren't they? 5．如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合下可以用you或he。如： One can't be too careful，can one/can you? One should do his duty，shouldn't he? 6．当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如： There's no help for it，is there? There's something wrong，isn't there? 7．当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如： She says that I did it，doesn't she? I told them not everybody could do it，didn't I? 但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think，believe，suppose，expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。如： I suppose that he's serious，isn't he? I don't think she cares，does she? 8．当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如： Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now，shouldn't he? 9．在由“祈使句＋附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分的主语一般用you。如： Don't open the door, will you? Give me some cigarettes，can you? Take a rest, why don't you? 但以let's开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we；以let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。如： Let's have a basketball match this afternoon，shall we? Let us go out for a rest，will you? 10．陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。如： Learning how to repair motors takes a long time，doesn't it? Between six and seven will suit you，won't it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided，has it? ◆[学以致用1] ①Something must be done to stop pollution，isn't 　it　？ ②Everyone enjoyed the party，didn't 　they　？ ③Few people know him，do 　they　？ ④One can't be too careful，can 　one/you　？ ⑤That he has lost his watch is not true，is 　it　？ Ⅱ.谓语动词的选择 1．当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时，疑问部分用mustn't。如： You must work hard next term，mustn't you? I must answer the letter，mustn't I? 但若表推测这层含义时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如： You must have made a mistake，haven't you? They must have seen the film last week，didn't they? He must be in the library，isn't he? 2．当陈述部分含有used to时，疑问部分可用usedn't或didn't。如： The old man used to smoke，didn't/usedn't he? Tom used to live here，usedn't/didn't he? 3．当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用oughtn't或shouldn't。如： He ought to know the answer，oughtn't he? We ought to read this book，oughtn't/shouldn't we? 4．当陈述部分含有情态动词dare或need时，疑问部分常用 need/dare＋主语。如： We need not do it again，need we? He dare not say so, dare he? 但当dare，need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do＋主语。如： She doesn't dare to go home alone，does she? 5．当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用 hadn't。 如： You'd better finish your homework now，hadn't you? 6．感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时，且常用否定形式。如： What a clever boy，isn't he? What a lovely day，isn't it? 7．陈述句中的谓语动词是wish，表示愿望时，附加疑问句用may，且用肯定形式。如： I wish to have a chance to learn English，may I? 8．当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have (has)时，疑问部分既可用have形式，也可用do形式。如： You have a new bike，haven't you (或don't you)? She doesn't have any money in her pocket，does she? 9．陈述部分有have to＋v.(had to＋v.)，疑问部分常用don't＋主语(didn't＋主语)。如： We have to get there at eight tomorrow，don't we? 10．陈述部分有would rather＋v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't＋主语。如： He would rather read it ten times than recite it，wouldn't he? 11．陈述部分有You'd like to＋v.，疑问部分用wouldn't＋主语。如： You'd like to go with me，wouldn't you? 12．陈述部分由neither...nor，either...or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。如： Neither you nor I am engineer，are we? 13．在口语和非正式文体中，为了加强语气，只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如： Oh，he is a writer，is he? You'll not go，won't you? ◆[学以致用2] ①It is the third time that John has been late，　isn't　 it? ②He knows the player who has won four gold medals，　doesn't　 he? ③You have a new bike，　haven't/don't　 you? ④I told them not everybody could do it，　didn't　 I? ⑤He thinks he's got the right answer，　doesn't　 he? Ⅲ.反义疑问句的回答 对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。 －He likes playing football，doesn't he? ——他喜欢踢足球，是吗？ －Yes，he does./No，he doesn't. 是的，他喜欢。/不是，他不喜欢。 当陈述句部分是否定结构，附加疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反。这种回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。 －His sister didn't attend the meeting，did she? ——他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？ －Yes，she did./No，she didn't. ——不，她参加了。/是的，她没参加。 ◆[学以致用3] ①－He never said that he was good at mathematics，did he? －　Yes，he did./No，he didn't　. ②－There is no light in the dormitory.They must have gone to the lecture，haven't they? －　Yes，they have./No，they haven't　. ③－There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended，wasn't there? －　Yes, there was./No, there wasn't　. ④－I don't suppose anyone will volunteer，will they? －　Yes，they will./No，they won't　. 对应课时作业P200 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Two beautiful ladies 　cheated　(欺骗)the old man 180,000 yuan yesterday. 2．(全国Ⅱ)In Asia，messaging platforms are growing rapidly，with users in the hundres of 　millions　(百万)，both at work and play. 3．He has applied to 　volunteer　(志愿)in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. 4．They are ready to 　compete　(对抗，竞争)in the games against us. 5．Little girls often 　pretend　(假装)to be nurses and look after patients. 6．The clever boy can always think of 　appropriate　(合适的)ways to express himself. 7．(全国Ⅰ)．..we can engineer plants to replace 　functions　(功能)of the things that we use every day. 8．　Guess　(猜，猜测)what！Our team won the first place. 9．The 　audience　(观众)was fascinated(入迷的)by the music played by Lang Lang. 10．In my opinion，you are 　correct　(正确的)in thinking that way. Ⅱ.选词填空 pretend to be reading；agree with；join...in...；make any sense；even if；match...with...；come along 1．　Come along　 and have a try again! 2．When I came in，the student 　pretended to be reading　 his English book. 3．What he said didn't 　make any sense　 at all. 4．As to the suggestions，I 　agree with　 Mr.Smith. 5．He never takes a holiday，　even if　 he is ill. 6．Would you like to 　join　 the group 　in　 the discussion? 7．Can you 　match　 the words on the left 　with　 the meanings on the right? Ⅲ.用所给单词组句(反意疑问句) 1．a，has，lot，books，of，He，hasn't，he 　He has a lot of books，hasn't he？　 2．have，The，students，a，once，meeting，a，week，they，don't 　The students have a meeting once a week，don't they？　 3．at，the，Look，blackboard，you，will 　Look at the blackboard，will you？　 4．home，Let's，go，we，shall 　Let's go home，shall we？　 5．isn't，What，weather，fine，it 　What fine weather，isn't it？　 6．I'm，aren't，working，now，I 　I'm working now，aren't I？　 7．No，about，one，they，knows，it，do 　No one knows about it，do they？　 8．You，got，you，from，nothing，him，did 　You got nothing from him，did you？　 Ⅳ.根据汉语提示，补全对话。 1．I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? 　Yes，you are.　(是的，你和她一样高。) 2．Tom made no answer，did he? 　No，he didn't.　(是的，他没回答。) 3．He ought to know what to do，oughtn't he? 　Yes，he ought to.　(是的，他应该知道。) 4．Everything is ready，isn't it? 　No，it isn't.　(不，还没准备好。) 5．The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing，weren't they? 　Yes，they were.　(是的，是在北京。) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Harvey Sutton spent nearly seven months hiking(徒步旅行) with his parents，walking the thousands of miles that make up the complete Appalachian Trail(阿巴拉契亚山道)，which is simply called the “AT”．Harvey was just 4 years old when he started，and celebrated his 5th birthday on the trail. To build up their child's physical health and develop his personal qualities，Josh and Mary Sutton have been hiking with Harvey since he was two years old.They prepared him for hiking the “AT” by starting out with lots of shorter walks and hikes. The “AT” is a 3 530­kilometer hiking trail that runs through the forests of the Appalachian Mountains，from Georgia to Maine，passing through 14 states in all.The amount of up and down on the trail is about the same as climbing up and down Mount Everest(the world's tallest mountain) 16 times.So only one out of every 4 hikers completes all the sections of the trail.But that didn't stop Harvey and his family. It took Harvey and his family 209 days — about seven months—to complete the entire AT.Every day the family would wake up around 5：30 in the morning.They would have breakfast and pack up their tent(帐篷) and sleeping bags before setting off through the woods.In general，the family hiked about 16 kilometers a day before stopping to set up camp again. During his days on the AT，Harvey liked to use his imagination，which helped him walk more quickly and have fun.Harvey and his family made friends with other hikers on the trail.Harvey didn't seem to get tired and enjoyed the hard work of hiking.“My favorite part was the rock climbing，” he says，“because it was so fun and hard.” Completing the AT taught Harvey and his parents how to work as a team and how to take on challenges together.“We're closer than ever before because of the experience，” Harvey's mom said.“If possible，I want to hike the AT again at some point in the future，” Harvey added. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是哈维·萨顿和他的父母花了近7个月的时间徒步旅行，走了数千英里，走完了阿巴拉契亚山道。 1．For what purpose did the Suttons hike the “AT”？ A．To see the fantastic natural scenery together. B．To prepared Harvey to climb Mount Everest. C．To make Harvey strong both in body and in mind. D．To celebrate Harvey's 5th birthday in a special way. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“To build up their child's physical health and develop his personal qualities，Josh and Mary Sutton have been hiking with Harvey since he was two years old.(为了培养孩子的身体健康和个人素质，Josh和Mary Sutton从哈维两岁起就开始和他一起徒步旅行。)”可知，萨顿家族徒步穿越“AT”的目的是让哈维身心都变得强壮。] 2．What do the numbers in Paragraph 3 illustrate? A．The main features of the AT. B．The difficulty of hiking the AT. C．The popularity of climbing the AT. D．The significance of crossing the AT. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“The ‘AT’ is a 3 530­kilometer hiking trail that runs through the forests of the Appalachian Mountains，from Georgia to Maine，passing through 14 states in all.The amount of up and down on the trail is about the same as climbing up and down Mount Everest(the world's tallest mountain) 16 times.So only one out of every 4 hikers completes all the sections of the trail.(‘AT’是一条3 530公里的徒步旅行路线，穿过阿巴拉契亚山脉的森林，从乔治亚州到缅因州，总共经过14个州。在这条小路上上上下下的次数，大约相当于在世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰上上上下下爬了16次。所以每4个徒步旅行者中只有一个人完成了所有的部分。)”可知，本段里列举的数字说明了徒步穿越AT的困难。] 3．What is the typical character of Harvey? A．Brave，curious and talkative. B．Honest，easy­going and creative. C．Challengeable，proud and humorous. D．Adventurous，positive and strong­willed. 解析：D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“During his days on the AT，Harvey liked to use his imagination，which helped him walk more quickly and have fun.(在穿越AT的日子里，哈维喜欢发挥他的想象力，这让他走得更快，也让他玩得更开心。)”和“Harvey didn't seem to get tired and enjoyed the hard work of hiking.(哈维似乎并不觉得累，而且很享受艰苦的徒步旅行。)”可知，哈维有冒险精神，积极向上，意志坚强。] 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．Harvey is going to hike the AT again. B．It's important to meet challenges on one's own. C．The Suttons have benefited greatly from the hike. D．Hiking is sure to make family relationship stronger. 解析：C　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Completing the AT taught Harvey and his parents how to work as a team and how to take on challenges together.‘We're closer than ever before because of the experience，’ Harvey's mom said.(完成AT使哈维和他的父母学会了如何作为一个团队来工作，以及如何一起迎接挑战。‘因为这段经历，我们比以往任何时候都更亲密了，’哈维的妈妈说。)”可知，最后一段主要告诉我们的是萨顿一家从徒步旅行中获益匪浅。] Ⅱ.阅读填句(七选五) Trying to eat healthily，get enough exercise and avoid stress can be difficult at the best of times，but it's even harder when your family refuse to get healthy with you.Here are some tips that may help you. ·　____1____　Before you begin，it's important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle.You will need their encouragement and support.Telling them about your plan will help them to understand you when you say“no”to unhealthy foods. ·Eat a balanced diet.　____2____　 However，following a balanced diet when your family do not can be difficult，as it will involve preparing your own meals. ·Drink lots of water.Drinking water is an essential part of a healthy diet.It makes your body system healthy.　____3____　So try to reach that amount every day.Sometimes we mistake thirst for hunger，so when you feel hungry，try drinking a glass of water instead.Drinking a glass of water before each meal is also a good way to prevent you from overeating. ·Exercise for half an hour per day.Exercise is an essential part of any plan to get healthy，because it helps to burn extra calories and to distribute nutrients to different parts of the body.　____4____　 ·Avoid stress.Being healthy isn't all about eating right and getting enough exercise.　____5____　It's important that you set aside some“metime”to reduce stress and relax yourself. A．Exercise also helps to prevent diseases. B．Tell your family about your decision to get healthy. C．It also involves keeping mental health by avoiding stress. D．Get the whole family involved in the cooking process happily. E．It is recommended that you drink at least 8 glasses of water per day. F．Putting healthy foods in tasty dishes makes it more attractive and tasty. G．Eating healthy food can help you to lose weight and sleep better. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。如果你想拥有健康的饮食和生活习惯，而家人并不认同，那么你该怎么做呢？文章就此问题提出了几点建议。 1．B　[根据本段中的“it's important to tell your family about your plans to live a healthy lifestyle”可知，在健康的饮食问题上和家人不同步调时，要提前将自己的计划和决定告诉家人，故选B。] 2．G　[本段主要强调均衡饮食的重要性，因此这里强调均衡饮食的作用和益处，故选G。] 3．E　[本段阐述喝水在保持健康方面的作用，根据下一句“So try to reach that amount every day.”可知，空格处应该是阐述喝水的量，故选E。] 4．A　[根据上一句中的“it helps to burn extra calories and to distribute nutrients to different parts of the body”可知，此处强调锻炼的益处，A项“Exercise also helps to prevent diseases.”符合语境，故选A。] 5．C　[本段主要阐述“Avoid stress”，保持健康不仅包括饮食、锻炼，也包括通过减少压力保持心理健康。C项符合语境。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $