Unit 7 To Spend or to Save（复习讲义）英语新教材鲁教版五四制八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“消费还是储蓄”主题，系统梳理零花钱管理相关词汇、动词不定式及if/unless条件状语从句等语法点，通过对比表格（如spend/cost/pay/afford辨析）和语法结构框架呈现知识脉络，清晰标注重难点分布及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“即时小练+综合应用”的分层练习设计，如语法填空结合动词不定式固定搭配，书面表达要求结合自身经历陈述理财方案，培养语言运用和思辨表达能力。配套多样化题型（单词拼写、阅读理解等），助力基础薄弱学生巩固知识，优秀学生提升综合运用能力，为教师精准教学提供支持。

Unit 7 To Spend or to Save（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕 “To Spend or to Save（消费还是储蓄）” 主题，复习零花钱管理、消费选择、理财观点与理由表达。 2、重点掌握零花钱、储蓄、预算、购物、收支、理性消费等相关词汇和短语；辨析 spend/cost/pay/afford 等 “花费” 类动词。 3、能用动词不定式表达目的、计划与选择；学会使用 if/unless 引导条件状语从句阐述消费理由；能够区分 need（必需品）与 want（想要的物品）。 4、能围绕 “零花钱如何分配、选择存钱还是消费、如何理性用钱” 开展口头问答与书面表达，树立正确金钱观，提升思辨表达与解决生活问题的语言运用能力。 复习重难点 重点：动词不定式作宾语、目的状语的用法；if/unless 条件状语从句；谈论消费、储蓄、理财观点的核心句型；spend/cost/pay/afford 词义辨析。 难点：if 与 unless 语义转换、条件状语从句时态规则；动词不定式固定搭配（afford to do、prefer to do 等）；写作中清晰陈述观点、分层说明理由，并结合自身经历有条理表达个人理财方案。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：How do you manage your pocket money? 你如何管理你的零花钱？（教材 P72） 核心单词：manage v. 管理；妥善使用；设法做成 变形：manages（三单），managed（过去式 / 过去分词），managing（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 manage one’s money /pocket money 管理钱财 / 零花钱 例：It’s important to manage your pocket money well. manage to do sth. 设法成功做成某事 例：He managed to save enough money for a bike. have trouble (in) managing sth. 在管理某事上有困难 【教材原句（P72）】 I have trouble in managing my pocket money. 我在管理零花钱方面有些困难。 【易混辨析】manage /control manage：侧重规划、打理钱财、时间等日常事物，贴合理财主题； control：侧重掌控、支配人或事态，语气更强。 【即时小练】用所给词适当形式填空 She ______ (manage) her money carefully every month. He managed ______ (save) 200 yuan last term. 知识点2：Why do you want to save up for your dreams? 你为什么想为梦想攒钱？（教材 P75） 核心单词：save v. 储蓄；积攒；节约；挽救 变形：saves（三单），saved（过去式 / 过去分词），saving（现在分词）；savings n. 积蓄，存款 【固定搭配】 save money 存钱；储蓄 save up (for sth.) 积攒钱款（购置某物） save time /save water 节约时间 / 水资源 【教材原句（P75）】 Because I want to save up for my dreams. 因为我想要为我的梦想攒钱。 【易混辨析】save /keep save：特意存钱留存，用于日后开销（本单元理财专属用法）； keep：单纯存放、保管物品，无储蓄金钱含义。 【即时小练】 My brother ______ (save) half his pocket money every week. They are saving up ______ (travel) in summer vacation. 知识点3：Can you afford this pair of trainers? 你买得起这双运动鞋吗？（教材 P73） 核心单词：afford v. 买得起；承担得起（费用）；抽出时间 ⚠考点：只能搭配 can /could/be able to，多用于否定句、疑问句，不用于进行时态 变形：affords（三单），afforded（过去式 / 过去分词） 【固定搭配】 afford sth. 负担得起某物 afford to do sth. 有能力承担做某事的花费 【教材原句（P73）】 The trainers are too expensive. I can’t afford them. 这双运动鞋太贵了，我买不起。 【易混辨析】afford /buy afford：强调具备经济支付能力； buy：只侧重 “购买” 这个动作，不区分财力是否充足。 【即时小练】 We can’t afford ______ (buy) such expensive toys. —Can you afford the storybook? —No, I ______. 知识点4：Which do you prefer, spending money or saving money? 花钱和存钱，你更喜欢哪一种？（教材 P74） 核心单词：prefer v. 更喜欢；偏好（两者之间择优选择） 变形：prefers（三单），preferred（过去式 / 过去分词），preferring（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 prefer sth. 更喜欢某物 prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B，更喜欢做 A prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B 【教材原句（P74）】 I prefer saving money to buying useless things. 比起买没用的东西，我更喜欢存钱。 【易混辨析】prefer /like prefer：必须用于两者对比，含义 “更加喜欢”； like：单纯表达喜爱，无比较对象。 【即时小练】 I prefer ______ (save) money to ______ (spend) it casually. She preferred ______ (plan) spending rather than waste money. 知识点5：What’s your plan for your pocket money? 你的零花钱使用计划是什么？（教材 P77） 核心单词：plan v. 计划；打算 n. 计划，方案 变形：plans（三单 / 名词复数），planned（过去式 / 过去分词），planning（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 ▷ 动词用法 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 ▷ 名词用法 make a plan 制定计划 a plan for pocket money 零花钱使用规划 【教材原句（P77）】 You should make a clear plan for your pocket money. 你应当为你的零花钱制定清晰的规划。 【易混辨析】plan /decide plan：事前预先规划、盘算；decide：经过思考后做出最终决定。 【即时小练】 They plan ______ (open) a savings account next month. It’s wise to make a ______ (plan) to spend money wisely. 即时小练 完整参考答案 知识点 1 manage manages 2. to save 知识点 2 save saves 2. to travel 知识点 3 afford to buy 2. can’t 知识点 4 prefer saving; spending 2. to plan 知识点 5 plan to open 2. plan 知识点6：How much pocket money do you get every week? 你每周能得到多少零花钱？（教材 P42） 核心短语：pocket money 零花钱 短语整体解析：名词短语，不可数，日常用来指父母定期给孩子随意支配的零钱，单元主题核心短语 拓展同义短语：spending money（日常零花钱）；allowance（正式书面用语，零花钱） 【教材原句（P42）】 Most teenagers get some pocket money from their parents every week. 大多数青少年每周都会从父母那里得到一些零花钱。 【易混辨析】pocket money /savings pocket money：父母定期给予、可供日常随意花销的零花钱； savings：自己积攒存起来的积蓄、存款。 【即时小练】 My mom gives me 30 yuan as ______ (pocket money) each week.（无需变形，直接填写） We shouldn’t waste our ______. A. pocket money B. book C. bag 知识点7：What do you usually save up for? 你通常攒钱用来买什么？（教材 P45） 核心短语：save up 积攒；积蓄（金钱） 短语属性：动词短语 【固定用法】save up for sth. 攒钱购买某物 save up to do sth. 攒钱去做某事 例句：I save up for a new bicycle. 我攒钱想买一辆新自行车。 【教材原句（P45）】 She saves up for her favorite storybooks. 她攒钱买自己最喜欢的故事书。 【易混辨析】save up /save save 泛指节约、存钱，通用用法； save up 侧重日积月累慢慢攒钱，目的性更强，特指为了某样心仪物品持续存钱。 【即时小练】用短语适当形式填空 He is ______ ______ (save up) a sports bag now. I want ______ ______ ______ (save up) to take a trip. 知识点8：What should we do to make a money plan? 我们该怎样制定理财计划？（教材 P47） 核心短语：make a plan 制定计划 短语属性：动词短语 拓展搭配：make a plan for sth. 为某事制定计划 make a plan to do sth. 计划做某事 例句：We make a plan for our pocket money. 我们给自己的零花钱制定使用计划。 【教材原句（P47）】 It’s necessary for you to make a plan for your pocket money. 你有必要给自己的零花钱制定一份计划。 【易混辨析】make a plan /think about make a plan：落实方案，制定完整规划； think about：只是单纯思考、考量，没有形成具体方案。 【即时小练】 You need ______ ______ ______ (make a plan) to spend money well. She ______ ______ ______ (make a plan) last Sunday. 即时小练参考答案 知识点 6 pocket money A 知识点 7 saving up to save up 知识点 8 to make a plan made a plan 知识点9：Would you rather spend money or save it? 你宁愿花钱还是存钱？（教材 P44） 核心句型：would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A，也不愿做 B 句型解析： 整体用于两者选择对比，贴合本单元花钱与储蓄二选一主题； would 无人称、时态变化，后面必须加动词原形；than 后同样接动词原形，不加 to。 同义句型：prefer to do A rather than do B 例句：I would rather save money than buy useless toys. 我宁愿存钱，也不买没用的玩具。 【教材原句（P44）】 I would rather keep my money in my drawer than spend it right away. 我宁愿把钱放在抽屉里，也不立刻花掉。 【句式辨析】would rather do…than do… /prefer doing A to doing B would rather 后一律加动词原形；prefer 搭配前后均用动名词形式。 【即时小练】按照句型改写句子 She prefers saving money to shopping online.（同义句转换） She ______ ______ save money ______ shop online. 我宁愿制定理财计划也不随意消费。（汉译英） I would rather ______ a money plan ______ spend money casually. 知识点10：It’s wise to plan your pocket money carefully. 认真规划零花钱是明智的做法。（教材 P47） 核心句型：It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是…… 的 句型解析： It 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式 to do sth.，避免句子头重脚轻； 常用形容词：wise（明智的）、important、necessary、good 等。 例句：It’s necessary for us to save some money every month. 每月存一点钱对我们来说很有必要。 【教材原句（P47）】 It’s helpful for teenagers to manage their pocket money well. 妥善打理零花钱对青少年很有帮助。 【句式辨析】It is +adj.+to do sth. / Doing sth. is +adj. 二者可同义转换；后者动名词作主语，日常写作中 it 形式主语句式更常用。 【即时小练】 It is important ______ (save) money for future needs.（用所给词适当形式填空） To spend money without thinking is silly.（改为 it 形式主语结构） ______ ______ silly ______ spend money without thinking. 知识点11：If you waste money, you won’t have savings later. 如果你浪费钱财，日后就不会有积蓄。（教材 P46） 核心句型：if 引导条件状语从句（主将从现） 句型解析： 从句：if 引导的条件句，用一般现在时； 主句：用一般将来时，简称主将从现； 多用于谈论花钱、储蓄带来的不同结果。 例句：If I save money every week, I will buy a new bike. 如果我每周存钱，我就能买一辆新自行车。 【教材原句（P46）】 If you buy lots of unnecessary things, you will soon run out of pocket money. 如果你买很多非必需品，零花钱很快就会花光。 【句式辨析】if 条件句 /unless 条件句 unless = if…not，可相互替换； 例：You won’t have savings unless you save money. = You won’t have savings if you don’t save money. 【即时小练】用括号内动词正确形式填空 If he ______ (plan) his money well, he ______ (save) much money. You ______ (not afford) expensive things if you waste all your pocket money. 即时小练参考答案 知识点 9 would rather; than make; than 知识点 10 to save It is; to 知识点 11 plans; will save won’t afford 知识点12：How do you spend your pocket money every week? 你每周怎样花费你的零花钱？（教材 P43） 辨析词组：spend /cost/pay /take 四个 “花费” 动词辨析 逐个用法拆解 spend 主语：人 含义：花费时间、金钱 固定搭配： ① spend + 时间 / 钱 + on sth. 在某物上花费…… ② spend + 时间 / 钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费…… 做某事 过去式：spent 例句：I spend my pocket money on books. 我把零花钱花在买书上面。 cost 主语：事物、物品（it/this/ 礼物等） 含义：某物花费某人多少钱，只用于花钱，不能花时间 结构：sth. cost (s) sb. + 金钱 过去式：cost 例句：The toy costs me fifty yuan. 这个玩具花了我五十元。 pay 主语：人 含义：付款、支付金钱 固定搭配： ① pay + 钱 + for sth. 为某物支付钱款 ② pay for sth. 为东西付款 过去式：paid 例句：I paid 30 yuan for the notebook. 我花 30 元买了这个笔记本。 take 主语：只能用形式主语 It 含义：只侧重花费时间，极少用于花钱 固定句型：It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费某人多久 过去式：took 例句：It takes me an hour to plan my money every month. 每个月规划零花钱要花费我一小时。 简明对比 单词 主语 适用对象（钱 / 时间） 核心结构 spend 人 钱、时间 spend…on sth. / (in) doing cost 物 只花钱 sth. cost sb. money pay 人 只花钱 pay money for sth. take It 只花时间 It takes sb. time to do 【易混易错点拨】 只要主语是人，想表达花钱买东西，优先用 spend /pay； 主语是物品，一律用 cost； 描述做某事耗费时长，固定用 take 的 It 句型。 【教材原句（P43）】 I spend most of my pocket money on snacks. 我大部分零花钱都花在了零食上。 【即时小练】选词填空：spend /cost/pay /take 1.The new bike ______ me 260 yuan last month. 2.I often ______ half an hour saving money every day. 3.You need to ______ twenty yuan for this pen. 4.It ______ us two days to make our money plan yesterday. 参考答案1.cost 2.spend 3.pay 4. took 单元语法：动词不定式和if/unless 条件状语从句 动词不定式（to do）两大考点：作宾语、作目的状语 （一）动词不定式作宾语 含义：放在及物动词后面，充当句子的宾语，动作多表计划、想要、决定等内容。 常用必背动词（本单元高频） want to do 想要做；plan to do 计划做；prefer to do 更喜欢做；afford to do 负担得起做；decide to do 决定做 结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + to do sth. 例句：I plan to save my pocket money.（plan 后 to do 作宾语） 我打算积攒我的零花钱。 （二）动词不定式作目的状语 含义：用来表示做前面动作的目的，翻译为：为了…… 位置：可放句末，也可放句首（放句首常用逗号隔开） 句式：主语 + 谓语… + to do sth. 例句：She saves money to buy a new watch. 她存钱是为了买一块新手表。 易错小结 to 此处是不定式符号，后面永远加动词原形，不受人称、时态影响。 if 引导条件状语从句（主将从现 核心规则） 基本用法：if 如果，引导真实条件句，表假设一种条件会带来相应结果 时态黄金法则：主将从现 从句（if 后句子）：一般现在时 主句：一般将来时 结构：If + 一般现在时，主语 + will do… 例句：If you save money every week, you will buy your favorite bike. 如果你每周存钱，你就能买到心仪的自行车。 unless 引导条件状语从句 词义：除非；如果不 = if…not，可与 if 否定句互相转换 时态同样遵循：主将从现 例句：You won’t get rich unless you save money. = You won’t get rich if you don’t save money. 除非你存钱，不然你积攒不下积蓄。 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 一、单词拼写（每小题2分，共20分） 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1. I want to s______ up my pocket money for a new basketball.（积攒） 2. The dress is too expensive. I can’t a______ it.（买得起） 3. She p______ saving money to buying useless toys.（更喜欢） 4. You should make a p______ for your pocket money.（计划） 5. Teenagers should learn to m______ their money well.（管理） 6. It is ______ (明智的) to spend money on useful things. 7. I get some ______ (零花钱) from my parents every week. 8. Don’t ______ (浪费) money on unnecessary things. 9. We should develop a good ______ (习惯) of saving money. 10. Saving money is a helpful ______ (技能) for teenagers. 二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1. I ______ two hours reading books in my free time every day. A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay 2. This new bag ______ me 80 yuan yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 3. It takes me half an hour ______ a money plan every week. A. make B. making C. to make D. makes 4. She prefers ______ money rather than ______ useless things. A. save; buy B. to save; buy C. saving; buying D. to save; to buy 5. We can’t afford ______ such an expensive trip. A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes 6. —Will you go shopping with me? —If I ______ my homework, I will go with you. A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. am finishing 7. You ______ realize the importance of saving money ______ you grow up. A. will; until B. won’t; unless C. will; if D. won’t; if 8. I would rather ______ at home than ______ out to waste money. A. stay; go B. to stay; to go C. staying; going D. stay; to go 9. It’s necessary ______ teenagers to learn how to manage pocket money. A. of B. for C. to D. with 10. He pays 20 yuan ______ his snack every day. A. on B. in C. for D. at 三、语法填空（每小题2分，共20分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He plans ______ (save) half of his pocket money every month. 2. She prefers ______ (read) books to ______ (shop) online. 3. If you ______ (waste) money, you ______ (not have) enough for your dreams. 4. We need ______ (make) a clear plan for our spending. 5. He managed ______ (buy) a new bike by saving money for one year. 6. It took me one hour ______ (finish) my money plan yesterday. 7. Unless you ______ (work) hard, you won’t get good grades. 8. The little boy spends much time ______ (play) games and wastes lots of money. 9. I would rather ______ (save) money than buy useless toys. 10. They are saving up ______ (travel) during the summer vacation. 四、完成句子（每小题3分，共15分） 根据汉语意思完成英文句子，每空一词。 1. 我宁愿存钱也不随意消费。 I would rather ______ money ______ spend it casually. 2. 为了买新书，我一直在攒钱。 I am saving up ______ ______ new books. 3. 如果你合理规划零花钱，你就能存下很多钱。 If you ______ your pocket money well, you ______ ______ much money. 4. 对青少年来说，学会理财很重要。 ______ ______ ______ for teenagers to learn to manage money. 5. 除非你改掉浪费的习惯，否则你存不下钱。 You can’t save money ______ you ______ your wasting habit. 五、选词填空（每小题2分，共10分） 用spend / cost / pay / take / save的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 1. The new watch ______ me 150 yuan last week. 2. I usually ______ 30 minutes planning my daily spending. 3. It ______ people time to form a good saving habit. 4. He ______ 50 yuan for his lunch every day. 5. My sister ______ lots of money for her dream trip these months. 六、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分） Many teenagers get pocket money from their parents. But how do they spend it? A survey (调查) shows that most students spend their money on snacks and online games. Only a few students save money for their future or useful things. Saving money is a good habit. It helps you learn to manage your money. If you always waste money on useless things, you will have no money when you really need it. For example, if you want to buy a good book or take a trip, you will feel sorry for your waste. Experts say teenagers should make a money plan first. They can divide (划分) their pocket money into two parts: saving and spending. Try not to spend money blindly (盲目地). If you keep this habit, you will find it easy to use money wisely. 1. What do most teenagers spend their pocket money on? A. Books B. Trips C. Snacks and games D. Gifts 2. Why is saving money a good habit? A. It makes people rich quickly. B. It helps people manage money well. C. It helps people buy everything. D. It saves lots of time. 3. What will happen if teenagers waste money blindly? A. They will have no money in need. B. They can’t make any plans. C. They will lose good habits. D. They need more pocket money. 4. What do experts advise teenagers to do first? A. Save all pocket money. B. Make a money plan. C. Never spend money. D. Ask for more pocket money. 5. What is the best title of the passage? A. How to Get Pocket Money B. The Importance of Saving Money C. Teenagers’ Daily Life D. How to Spend Money Blindly 参考答案及详细解析 一、单词拼写（20分） 1. save 2. afford 3. prefers 4. plan 5. manage 6. wise 7. pocket money 8. waste 9. habit 10. skill 二、单项选择（20分） 1. A 解析：主语为人，spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 2. B 解析：主语为物品，cost sb. + 金钱，过去式不变 3. C 解析：It takes sb. time to do sth. 固定句型 4. B 解析：prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A不愿做B 5. C 解析：afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 6. A 解析：if条件句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时 7. B 解析：unless=if…not，主将从现，句意：除非长大，否则不会明白存钱的重要性 8. A 解析：would rather do A than do B 动词均用原形 9. B 解析：It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 固定句型 10. C 解析：pay…for sth. 为某物付款 三、语法填空（20分） 1. to save（plan to do） 2. reading; shopping（prefer doing A to doing B） 3. waste; won’t have（if主将从现） 4. to make（need to do） 5. to buy（manage to do） 6. to finish（It takes sb. time to do） 7. work（unless主将从现） 8. playing（spend time doing） 9. save（would rather do） 10. to travel（不定式作目的状语） 四、完成句子（15分） 1. save; than 2. to buy 3. plan; will save 4. It’s important 5. unless; change 五、选词填空（10分） 1. cost 2. spend 3. takes 4. pays 5. is saving 六、阅读理解（15分） 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 To Spend or to Save（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕 “To Spend or to Save（消费还是储蓄）” 主题，复习零花钱管理、消费选择、理财观点与理由表达。 2、重点掌握零花钱、储蓄、预算、购物、收支、理性消费等相关词汇和短语；辨析 spend/cost/pay/afford 等 “花费” 类动词。 3、能用动词不定式表达目的、计划与选择；学会使用 if/unless 引导条件状语从句阐述消费理由；能够区分 need（必需品）与 want（想要的物品）。 4、能围绕 “零花钱如何分配、选择存钱还是消费、如何理性用钱” 开展口头问答与书面表达，树立正确金钱观，提升思辨表达与解决生活问题的语言运用能力。 复习重难点 重点：动词不定式作宾语、目的状语的用法；if/unless 条件状语从句；谈论消费、储蓄、理财观点的核心句型；spend/cost/pay/afford 词义辨析。 难点：if 与 unless 语义转换、条件状语从句时态规则；动词不定式固定搭配（afford to do、prefer to do 等）；写作中清晰陈述观点、分层说明理由，并结合自身经历有条理表达个人理财方案。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：How do you manage your pocket money? 你如何管理你的零花钱？（教材 P72） 核心单词：manage v. 管理；妥善使用；设法做成 变形：manages（三单），managed（过去式 / 过去分词），managing（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 manage one’s money /pocket money 管理钱财 / 零花钱 例：It’s important to manage your pocket money well. manage to do sth. 设法成功做成某事 例：He managed to save enough money for a bike. have trouble (in) managing sth. 在管理某事上有困难 【教材原句（P72）】 I have trouble in managing my pocket money. 我在管理零花钱方面有些困难。 【易混辨析】manage /control manage：侧重规划、打理钱财、时间等日常事物，贴合理财主题； control：侧重掌控、支配人或事态，语气更强。 【即时小练】用所给词适当形式填空 She ______ (manage) her money carefully every month. He managed ______ (save) 200 yuan last term. 知识点2：Why do you want to save up for your dreams? 你为什么想为梦想攒钱？（教材 P75） 核心单词：save v. 储蓄；积攒；节约；挽救 变形：saves（三单），saved（过去式 / 过去分词），saving（现在分词）；savings n. 积蓄，存款 【固定搭配】 save money 存钱；储蓄 save up (for sth.) 积攒钱款（购置某物） save time /save water 节约时间 / 水资源 【教材原句（P75）】 Because I want to save up for my dreams. 因为我想要为我的梦想攒钱。 【易混辨析】save /keep save：特意存钱留存，用于日后开销（本单元理财专属用法）； keep：单纯存放、保管物品，无储蓄金钱含义。 【即时小练】 My brother ______ (save) half his pocket money every week. They are saving up ______ (travel) in summer vacation. 知识点3：Can you afford this pair of trainers? 你买得起这双运动鞋吗？（教材 P73） 核心单词：afford v. 买得起；承担得起（费用）；抽出时间 ⚠考点：只能搭配 can /could/be able to，多用于否定句、疑问句，不用于进行时态 变形：affords（三单），afforded（过去式 / 过去分词） 【固定搭配】 afford sth. 负担得起某物 afford to do sth. 有能力承担做某事的花费 【教材原句（P73）】 The trainers are too expensive. I can’t afford them. 这双运动鞋太贵了，我买不起。 【易混辨析】afford /buy afford：强调具备经济支付能力； buy：只侧重 “购买” 这个动作，不区分财力是否充足。 【即时小练】 We can’t afford ______ (buy) such expensive toys. —Can you afford the storybook? —No, I ______. 知识点4：Which do you prefer, spending money or saving money? 花钱和存钱，你更喜欢哪一种？（教材 P74） 核心单词：prefer v. 更喜欢；偏好（两者之间择优选择） 变形：prefers（三单），preferred（过去式 / 过去分词），preferring（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 prefer sth. 更喜欢某物 prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B，更喜欢做 A prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B 【教材原句（P74）】 I prefer saving money to buying useless things. 比起买没用的东西，我更喜欢存钱。 【易混辨析】prefer /like prefer：必须用于两者对比，含义 “更加喜欢”； like：单纯表达喜爱，无比较对象。 【即时小练】 I prefer ______ (save) money to ______ (spend) it casually. She preferred ______ (plan) spending rather than waste money. 知识点5：What’s your plan for your pocket money? 你的零花钱使用计划是什么？（教材 P77） 核心单词：plan v. 计划；打算 n. 计划，方案 变形：plans（三单 / 名词复数），planned（过去式 / 过去分词），planning（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 ▷ 动词用法 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 ▷ 名词用法 make a plan 制定计划 a plan for pocket money 零花钱使用规划 【教材原句（P77）】 You should make a clear plan for your pocket money. 你应当为你的零花钱制定清晰的规划。 【易混辨析】plan /decide plan：事前预先规划、盘算；decide：经过思考后做出最终决定。 【即时小练】 They plan ______ (open) a savings account next month. It’s wise to make a ______ (plan) to spend money wisely. 知识点6：How much pocket money do you get every week? 你每周能得到多少零花钱？（教材 P42） 核心短语：pocket money 零花钱 短语整体解析：名词短语，不可数，日常用来指父母定期给孩子随意支配的零钱，单元主题核心短语 拓展同义短语：spending money（日常零花钱）；allowance（正式书面用语，零花钱） 【教材原句（P42）】 Most teenagers get some pocket money from their parents every week. 大多数青少年每周都会从父母那里得到一些零花钱。 【易混辨析】pocket money /savings pocket money：父母定期给予、可供日常随意花销的零花钱； savings：自己积攒存起来的积蓄、存款。 【即时小练】 My mom gives me 30 yuan as ______ (pocket money) each week.（无需变形，直接填写） We shouldn’t waste our ______. A. pocket money B. book C. bag 知识点7：What do you usually save up for? 你通常攒钱用来买什么？（教材 P45） 核心短语：save up 积攒；积蓄（金钱） 短语属性：动词短语 【固定用法】save up for sth. 攒钱购买某物 save up to do sth. 攒钱去做某事 例句：I save up for a new bicycle. 我攒钱想买一辆新自行车。 【教材原句（P45）】 She saves up for her favorite storybooks. 她攒钱买自己最喜欢的故事书。 【易混辨析】save up /save save 泛指节约、存钱，通用用法； save up 侧重日积月累慢慢攒钱，目的性更强，特指为了某样心仪物品持续存钱。 【即时小练】用短语适当形式填空 He is ______ ______ (save up) a sports bag now. I want ______ ______ ______ (save up) to take a trip. 知识点8：What should we do to make a money plan? 我们该怎样制定理财计划？（教材 P47） 核心短语：make a plan 制定计划 短语属性：动词短语 拓展搭配：make a plan for sth. 为某事制定计划 make a plan to do sth. 计划做某事 例句：We make a plan for our pocket money. 我们给自己的零花钱制定使用计划。 【教材原句（P47）】 It’s necessary for you to make a plan for your pocket money. 你有必要给自己的零花钱制定一份计划。 【易混辨析】make a plan /think about make a plan：落实方案，制定完整规划； think about：只是单纯思考、考量，没有形成具体方案。 【即时小练】 You need ______ ______ ______ (make a plan) to spend money well. She ______ ______ ______ (make a plan) last Sunday. 知识点9：Would you rather spend money or save it? 你宁愿花钱还是存钱？（教材 P44） 核心句型：would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A，也不愿做 B 句型解析： 整体用于两者选择对比，贴合本单元花钱与储蓄二选一主题； would 无人称、时态变化，后面必须加动词原形；than 后同样接动词原形，不加 to。 同义句型：prefer to do A rather than do B 例句：I would rather save money than buy useless toys. 我宁愿存钱，也不买没用的玩具。 【教材原句（P44）】 I would rather keep my money in my drawer than spend it right away. 我宁愿把钱放在抽屉里，也不立刻花掉。 【句式辨析】would rather do…than do… /prefer doing A to doing B would rather 后一律加动词原形；prefer 搭配前后均用动名词形式。 【即时小练】按照句型改写句子 She prefers saving money to shopping online.（同义句转换） She ______ ______ save money ______ shop online. 我宁愿制定理财计划也不随意消费。（汉译英） I would rather ______ a money plan ______ spend money casually. 知识点10：It’s wise to plan your pocket money carefully. 认真规划零花钱是明智的做法。（教材 P47） 核心句型：It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是…… 的 句型解析： It 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式 to do sth.，避免句子头重脚轻； 常用形容词：wise（明智的）、important、necessary、good 等。 例句：It’s necessary for us to save some money every month. 每月存一点钱对我们来说很有必要。 【教材原句（P47）】 It’s helpful for teenagers to manage their pocket money well. 妥善打理零花钱对青少年很有帮助。 【句式辨析】It is +adj.+to do sth. / Doing sth. is +adj. 二者可同义转换；后者动名词作主语，日常写作中 it 形式主语句式更常用。 【即时小练】 It is important ______ (save) money for future needs.（用所给词适当形式填空） To spend money without thinking is silly.（改为 it 形式主语结构） ______ ______ silly ______ spend money without thinking. 知识点11：If you waste money, you won’t have savings later. 如果你浪费钱财，日后就不会有积蓄。（教材 P46） 核心句型：if 引导条件状语从句（主将从现） 句型解析： 从句：if 引导的条件句，用一般现在时； 主句：用一般将来时，简称主将从现； 多用于谈论花钱、储蓄带来的不同结果。 例句：If I save money every week, I will buy a new bike. 如果我每周存钱，我就能买一辆新自行车。 【教材原句（P46）】 If you buy lots of unnecessary things, you will soon run out of pocket money. 如果你买很多非必需品，零花钱很快就会花光。 【句式辨析】if 条件句 /unless 条件句 unless = if…not，可相互替换； 例：You won’t have savings unless you save money. = You won’t have savings if you don’t save money. 【即时小练】用括号内动词正确形式填空 If he ______ (plan) his money well, he ______ (save) much money. You ______ (not afford) expensive things if you waste all your pocket money. 知识点12：How do you spend your pocket money every week? 你每周怎样花费你的零花钱？（教材 P43） 辨析词组：spend /cost/pay /take 四个 “花费” 动词辨析 逐个用法拆解 spend 主语：人 含义：花费时间、金钱 固定搭配： ① spend + 时间 / 钱 + on sth. 在某物上花费…… ② spend + 时间 / 钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费…… 做某事 过去式：spent 例句：I spend my pocket money on books. 我把零花钱花在买书上面。 cost 主语：事物、物品（it/this/ 礼物等） 含义：某物花费某人多少钱，只用于花钱，不能花时间 结构：sth. cost (s) sb. + 金钱 过去式：cost 例句：The toy costs me fifty yuan. 这个玩具花了我五十元。 pay 主语：人 含义：付款、支付金钱 固定搭配： ① pay + 钱 + for sth. 为某物支付钱款 ② pay for sth. 为东西付款 过去式：paid 例句：I paid 30 yuan for the notebook. 我花 30 元买了这个笔记本。 take 主语：只能用形式主语 It 含义：只侧重花费时间，极少用于花钱 固定句型：It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费某人多久 过去式：took 例句：It takes me an hour to plan my money every month. 每个月规划零花钱要花费我一小时。 简明对比 单词 主语 适用对象（钱 / 时间） 核心结构 spend 人 钱、时间 spend…on sth. / (in) doing cost 物 只花钱 sth. cost sb. money pay 人 只花钱 pay money for sth. take It 只花时间 It takes sb. time to do 【易混易错点拨】 只要主语是人，想表达花钱买东西，优先用 spend /pay； 主语是物品，一律用 cost； 描述做某事耗费时长，固定用 take 的 It 句型。 【教材原句（P43）】 I spend most of my pocket money on snacks. 我大部分零花钱都花在了零食上。 【即时小练】选词填空：spend /cost/pay /take 1.The new bike ______ me 260 yuan last month. 2.I often ______ half an hour saving money every day. 3.You need to ______ twenty yuan for this pen. 4.It ______ us two days to make our money plan yesterday. 单元语法：动词不定式和if/unless 条件状语从句 动词不定式（to do）两大考点：作宾语、作目的状语 （一）动词不定式作宾语 含义：放在及物动词后面，充当句子的宾语，动作多表计划、想要、决定等内容。 常用必背动词（本单元高频） want to do 想要做；plan to do 计划做；prefer to do 更喜欢做；afford to do 负担得起做；decide to do 决定做 结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + to do sth. 例句：I plan to save my pocket money.（plan 后 to do 作宾语） 我打算积攒我的零花钱。 （二）动词不定式作目的状语 含义：用来表示做前面动作的目的，翻译为：为了…… 位置：可放句末，也可放句首（放句首常用逗号隔开） 句式：主语 + 谓语… + to do sth. 例句：She saves money to buy a new watch. 她存钱是为了买一块新手表。 易错小结 to 此处是不定式符号，后面永远加动词原形，不受人称、时态影响。 if 引导条件状语从句（主将从现 核心规则） 基本用法：if 如果，引导真实条件句，表假设一种条件会带来相应结果 时态黄金法则：主将从现 从句（if 后句子）：一般现在时 主句：一般将来时 结构：If + 一般现在时，主语 + will do… 例句：If you save money every week, you will buy your favorite bike. 如果你每周存钱，你就能买到心仪的自行车。 unless 引导条件状语从句 词义：除非；如果不 = if…not，可与 if 否定句互相转换 时态同样遵循：主将从现 例句：You won’t get rich unless you save money. = You won’t get rich if you don’t save money. 除非你存钱，不然你积攒不下积蓄。 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 一、单词拼写（每小题2分，共20分） 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1. I want to s______ up my pocket money for a new basketball.（积攒） 2. The dress is too expensive. I can’t a______ it.（买得起） 3. She p______ saving money to buying useless toys.（更喜欢） 4. You should make a p______ for your pocket money.（计划） 5. Teenagers should learn to m______ their money well.（管理） 6. It is ______ (明智的) to spend money on useful things. 7. I get some ______ (零花钱) from my parents every week. 8. Don’t ______ (浪费) money on unnecessary things. 9. We should develop a good ______ (习惯) of saving money. 10. Saving money is a helpful ______ (技能) for teenagers. 二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1. I ______ two hours reading books in my free time every day. A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay 2. This new bag ______ me 80 yuan yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 3. It takes me half an hour ______ a money plan every week. A. make B. making C. to make D. makes 4. She prefers ______ money rather than ______ useless things. A. save; buy B. to save; buy C. saving; buying D. to save; to buy 5. We can’t afford ______ such an expensive trip. A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes 6. —Will you go shopping with me? —If I ______ my homework, I will go with you. A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. am finishing 7. You ______ realize the importance of saving money ______ you grow up. A. will; until B. won’t; unless C. will; if D. won’t; if 8. I would rather ______ at home than ______ out to waste money. A. stay; go B. to stay; to go C. staying; going D. stay; to go 9. It’s necessary ______ teenagers to learn how to manage pocket money. A. of B. for C. to D. with 10. He pays 20 yuan ______ his snack every day. A. on B. in C. for D. at 三、语法填空（每小题2分，共20分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He plans ______ (save) half of his pocket money every month. 2. She prefers ______ (read) books to ______ (shop) online. 3. If you ______ (waste) money, you ______ (not have) enough for your dreams. 4. We need ______ (make) a clear plan for our spending. 5. He managed ______ (buy) a new bike by saving money for one year. 6. It took me one hour ______ (finish) my money plan yesterday. 7. Unless you ______ (work) hard, you won’t get good grades. 8. The little boy spends much time ______ (play) games and wastes lots of money. 9. I would rather ______ (save) money than buy useless toys. 10. They are saving up ______ (travel) during the summer vacation. 四、完成句子（每小题3分，共15分） 根据汉语意思完成英文句子，每空一词。 1. 我宁愿存钱也不随意消费。 I would rather ______ money ______ spend it casually. 2. 为了买新书，我一直在攒钱。 I am saving up ______ ______ new books. 3. 如果你合理规划零花钱，你就能存下很多钱。 If you ______ your pocket money well, you ______ ______ much money. 4. 对青少年来说，学会理财很重要。 ______ ______ ______ for teenagers to learn to manage money. 5. 除非你改掉浪费的习惯，否则你存不下钱。 You can’t save money ______ you ______ your wasting habit. 五、选词填空（每小题2分，共10分） 用spend / cost / pay / take / save的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 1. The new watch ______ me 150 yuan last week. 2. I usually ______ 30 minutes planning my daily spending. 3. It ______ people time to form a good saving habit. 4. He ______ 50 yuan for his lunch every day. 5. My sister ______ lots of money for her dream trip these months. 六、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分） Many teenagers get pocket money from their parents. But how do they spend it? A survey (调查) shows that most students spend their money on snacks and online games. Only a few students save money for their future or useful things. Saving money is a good habit. It helps you learn to manage your money. If you always waste money on useless things, you will have no money when you really need it. For example, if you want to buy a good book or take a trip, you will feel sorry for your waste. Experts say teenagers should make a money plan first. They can divide (划分) their pocket money into two parts: saving and spending. Try not to spend money blindly (盲目地). If you keep this habit, you will find it easy to use money wisely. 1. What do most teenagers spend their pocket money on? A. Books B. Trips C. Snacks and games D. Gifts 2. Why is saving money a good habit? A. It makes people rich quickly. B. It helps people manage money well. C. It helps people buy everything. D. It saves lots of time. 3. What will happen if teenagers waste money blindly? A. They will have no money in need. B. They can’t make any plans. C. They will lose good habits. D. They need more pocket money. 4. What do experts advise teenagers to do first? A. Save all pocket money. B. Make a money plan. C. Never spend money. D. Ask for more pocket money. 5. What is the best title of the passage? A. How to Get Pocket Money B. The Importance of Saving Money C. Teenagers’ Daily Life D. How to Spend Money Blindly 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $