Unit 3 Same or Different Section B (1a～2c) 学案 2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦Unit 3 Section B（1a~2c）“朋友是否应该相同”主题，核心知识点涵盖性格描述词汇（shy, outgoing等）、综合词汇（population, differences等）及both/respect的用法。课前通过词汇预习表和思考问题搭建基础，课堂以阅读理解、人物匹配、深度讨论等活动衔接，形成从预习到应用的学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养。通过语境猜词、阅读策略提升语言理解表达，小组讨论辩证分析“朋友异同”培养思维，分层练习和易错点提醒巩固学习，助力学生全面发展，适合课堂教学与自主学习。

Unit 3 Same or Different — Section B (1a~2c) 学案 —— 朋友是否应该相同 2026-2027学年 人教版八年级上册 班级 姓名 学号 日期 课题 Unit 3 Section B (1a~2c): 朋友是否应该相同 学习目标 ① 语言能力：掌握性格描述词汇（shy, outgoing, lazy, direct, serious, hard-working等）和综合词汇（population, pleasant, pleasure, differences, especially, average, spare, kilometres, novel, alike, personalities, besides等）；能读懂关于友谊观差异的网络帖子并获取关键信息；能运用both和respect进行正确表达。 ② 学习能力：通过略读、精读、推断等阅读策略理解网络帖子内容；通过词汇游戏和语境猜词法学习新词；通过小组讨论锻炼口语表达能力。 ③ 思维品质：培养辩证思维能力，能从正反两方面分析"朋友是否应该相同"的问题。 ④ 文化意识：了解中西方友谊观的异同，理解尊重差异的重要性。 板块一：课前预习 Pre-class Preview ❶ 重点词汇预习表 单词/短语 释义 例句填空 shy 害羞的 Diana is a little ________ when meeting strangers. outgoing 外向的 Yuan Lei is very ________ and has great humour. lazy 懒惰的 Don't be ________. You should work harder. direct 直率的 Zhang Yong always gives ________ opinions. serious 严肃的 He is very ________ about his studies. hard-working 勤奋的 She is very ________ and always does extra work. both 两者都 ________ of them are good students. respect 尊敬；尊重 We should ________ each other. population 人口 The ________ of China is very large. pleasant 令人愉快的 We had a ________ journey. pleasure 快乐；荣幸 It is a ________ to meet you. differences 差异；不同 There are many ________ between us. especially 尤其；特别 I love sports, ________ basketball. average 平均的；一般的 The ________ temperature here is 20°C. spare 空闲的 I like reading in my ________ time. ❷ 预习思考 Q1: Are you similar to or different from your best friend? In what ways? A1: I am ________ my best friend because ________. Q2: What do you think makes a good friend? List at least three qualities. A2: I think a good friend should be ________, ________ and ________. Q3: Do you think it is better to have friends who are similar to you or different from you? Why? A3: I think it is better to have ________ friends because ________. 板块二：课堂探究 Class Exploration ❶ 1b 阅读理解：两种友谊观 Read the Internet post and fill in the table below. 人物 核心观点 理由/依据 Matt ________ ________ Diana ________ ________ ❷ 1c 人物匹配 Match the people with their descriptions. Write the correct letter. 序号 人物 描述匹配 1 Matt ________ (A. 读小说 / B. 读更多历史书 / C. 直接给意见 / D. 害羞 / E. 帮助朋友变外向) 2 Stephen ________ (A. 读小说 / B. 读更多历史书 / C. 直接给意见 / D. 害羞 / E. 帮助朋友变外向) 3 Diana ________ (A. 读小说 / B. 读更多历史书 / C. 直接给意见 / D. 害羞 / E. 帮助朋友变外向) 4 Yuan Lei ________ (A. 读小说 / B. 读更多历史书 / C. 直接给意见 / D. 害羞 / E. 帮助朋友变外向) 5 Zhang Yong ________ (A. 读小说 / B. 读更多历史书 / C. 直接给意见 / D. 害羞 / E. 帮助朋友变外向) ❸ 1d 阅读问答 Answer the following questions based on the passage. Q1: Why does Matt think a friend is like a mirror? A1: ________________________________________________________________ Q2: Why is Matt getting better at badminton? A2: ________________________________________________________________ Q3: In what ways is Stephen similar to Matt? A3: ________________________________________________________________ Q4: How is Yuan Lei different from Diana? A4: ________________________________________________________________ Q5: Why is Diana glad to have Zhang Yong as a friend? A5: ________________________________________________________________ Q6: How should we treat differences between friends? A6: ________________________________________________________________ ❹ 1e 深度讨论 Discuss the following questions in groups and write down your ideas. Q1: What can similarities bring to friendship? A1: Similarities can bring __________________________________________. Q2: What can differences bring to friendship? A2: Differences can bring ________________________________________. Q3: What really matters in a friendship? A3: What really matters is ________________________________________. ❺ 2a 词汇匹配 Find the words in the word snake and match them with the correct meanings. Word Meaning My example sentence shy ________ ________________ outgoing ________ ________________ lazy ________ ________________ direct ________ ________________ serious ________ ________________ hard-working ________ ________________ ❻ 2b 选词填空 Choose the correct word to fill in each blank: population, pleasant, pleasure, differences, especially, average, spare, kilometres. 1. The ________ of this city is about 5 million. 2. We had a very ________ trip to the countryside. 3. It is a ________ to work with you. 4. There are many ________ between the two pictures. 5. I love fruits, ________ apples and bananas. 6. The ________ temperature in summer here is 30°C. 7. I usually read books in my ________ time. 8. The school is about 3 ________ from my home. 我的易错点：__________________________________________________________ ❼ 2c 段落填空 Complete the paragraph using: novel, alike, personalities, Besides, difference. The Prince and the Pauper is a famous ________ written by Mark Twain. Two boys look exactly ________, but they have very different ________. One is a prince and the other is a poor boy. ________, they live in completely different worlds. Can you find the ________ between them? ❽ 语言点归纳 语言点 词性 用法/句型 我的例句 both 代词 both of... / both are... ________________ both...and... 连词 Both A and B + 谓语复数 ________________ respect 动词 respect sb for (doing) sth ________________ respect 名词 show respect to sb ________________ 板块三：课堂练习 Class Practice I. 单项选择（从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案） 1. Some ________ can make friendship more interesting. A. differences B. habits C. interests D. difficulties 答案：________ 理由：________________________________________ 2. She has a good ________ of direction and never gets lost. A. interest B. personality C. role D. sense 答案：________ 理由：________________________________________ 3. Good friends should learn ________ each other. A. from B. to C. with D. for 答案：________ 理由：________________________________________ 4. Diana was happy, ________ when Zhang Yong helped her correct mistakes. A. especially B. usually C. often D. always 答案：________ 理由：________________________________________ II. 完成句子（根据中文提示，用适当的短语完成句子） 1. ________ ________ (例如), Yuan Lei is very outgoing and always makes Diana laugh. 2. We often ________ ________ (闲逛) together after school. 3. ________ ________ (多亏) Zhang Yong's direct opinions, Diana improved a lot. 4. Don't be afraid of ________ ________ (犯错). Everyone makes mistakes. III. 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Both of the boys ________ (be) interested in sports. 2. We should respect our teachers for ________ (help) us. 3. The two sisters look exactly ________ (like). 4. It is a ________ (please) to have dinner with you. 5. The weather here is ________ ( especial) hot in summer. IV. 阅读表达 1. What does Matt think a good friend is like? ________________________________________________________________ 2. Why does Diana think different friends are important? ________________________________________________________________ 3. What are the three things that matter most in a friendship? ________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you prefer friends who are similar to you or different from you? Why? ________________________________________________________________ 板块四：归纳总结 Summary ❶ 本课语法框架总结 语言点 用法说明 例句 both (代词) 两者都：both of... / both are/is... Both of them are hard-working. both...and... (连词) 既……又……，连接并列成分，谓语用复数 She is both smart and kind. respect (动词/名词) 动词：respect sb for sth；名词：show respect to sb I respect him for his honesty. ❷ 重点词汇默写框 英文单词/短语 中文释义 shy ________ outgoing ________ direct ________ ________ 勤奋的 ________ 人口 ________ 尤其 pleasure ________ ________ 差异 ❸ 易错点自我提醒 1. pleasure（名词）vs pleasant（形容词）： pleasure: It is a ________ to meet you. pleasant: We had a ________ trip. 2. especially（尤其）vs specially（专门地）： especially: I love fruits, ________ apples. specially: I came here ________ to see you. 3. both...and... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词用________（单数/复数）形式。 4. respect sb ________ (for / to) (doing) sth — 因为某事而尊敬某人。 5. learn ________ each other — 互相学习。（from / to / with） 6. 我还需要注意：__________________________________________________________ 板块五：参考答案 重点词汇预习表答案 1. shy 2. outgoing 3. lazy 4. direct 5. serious 6. hard-working 7. Both 8. respect 9. population 10. pleasant 11. pleasure 12. differences 13. especially 14. average 15. spare 1b 两种友谊观答案 Matt: A good friend is like a mirror. Prefers similar friends — same hobbies, interests, and personalities help friends understand each other. Similar friends push each other to improve. Diana: Different friends can make you a better person. We should respect differences, learn from each other's strengths. Different friends help change weak points. 1c 人物匹配答案 1. Matt → A (读小说) 2. Stephen → B (读更多历史书) 3. Diana → D (害羞) 4. Yuan Lei → E (帮助朋友变外向) 5. Zhang Yong → C (直接给意见) 1d 阅读问答答案 A1: Because they share the same hobbies, interests, and personalities. A friend is like a mirror that reflects who you are. A2: Because Stephen plays better at badminton, so Matt tries harder to improve. Similar friends push each other. A3: They both love sports and are equally serious about studying. They also enjoy reading together. A4: Diana is shy, but Yuan Lei is outgoing with great humour. They are very different in personality. A5: Because Zhang Yong gives direct opinions and helps Diana correct mistakes. A6: We should respect differences, not judge each other, learn good qualities, accept shortcomings, and communicate gently. 1e 深度讨论答案（参考） A1: shared hobbies, better understanding, pushing each other to make progress A2: learning new skills and ideas, more fun, helping fix mistakes A3: trust and honesty, respect, support, good communication, learning together 2a 词汇匹配答案 shy — 害羞的；outgoing — 外向的；lazy — 懒惰的；direct — 直率的；serious — 严肃的；hard-working — 勤奋的 2b 选词填空答案 1. population 2. pleasant 3. pleasure 4. differences 5. especially 6. average 7. spare 8. kilometres 2c 段落填空答案 novel → alike → personalities → Besides → difference 课堂练习答案 I. 1. A (differences使友谊更有趣) 2. D (a good sense of direction 方向感好) 3. A (learn from each other 互相学习) 4. A (especially when 尤其当……时) II. 1. For example 2. hang out 3. Thanks to 4. making mistakes III. 1. are 2. helping 3. alike 4. pleasure 5. especially IV. （参考答案） 1. Matt thinks a good friend is like a mirror — someone who shares similar hobbies, interests, and personalities. 2. Because different friends can help us learn from each other's strengths and change our weak points. 3. Trust/honesty, respect, and support (communication and learning together are also important). 4. （开放性问题，言之有理即可） 重点词汇默写框答案 shy — 害羞的；outgoing — 外向的；direct — 直率的；hard-working — 勤奋的 population — 人口；especially — 尤其；pleasure — 快乐/荣幸；differences — 差异 易错点自我提醒答案 1. pleasure; pleasant 2. especially; specially 3. 复数 4. for 5. from 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $