专题09 阅读表达（7年汇编）（北京专用）2020-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 高考英语阅读表达专题汇编，含北京2020-2026年真题及模拟题，聚焦成长记叙与社科说明文本，固定4题12分，覆盖细节提取、逻辑辨析及开放思辨，适配北京高考命题规律。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读表达|每篇4题/12分|细节定位（如Aristotle观点）、逻辑辨析（范围/因果偷换）、开放表达（联系现实应用）|情境具时代性（科技如可穿戴设备、社会热点如食物浪费），问题梯度分明，注重思维品质与语言能力结合|

专题09 阅读表达 7年真题1年模拟 参考答案 2026·北京·高考真题 1．Actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters. 2．Because quitting creates space for something new to grow and allows us to focus on what suits us now. 3．Failing at the right thing takes us further from where we are meant to be. Persisting with the wrong thing takes us further from where we are meant to be 4．When I find myself stuck in a subject I’ve tried hard to improve but constantly fail, instead of pushing blindly, I will switch to a learning method that fits me better, or explore another field where my talents can truly shine. 2025·北京·高考真题 1．Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 2．It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 3．According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 4．First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. 2024·北京·高考真题 1．The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 2．The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialised training. 3．The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. It is because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others there so that the adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success. 4．In the story, success in becoming an independent scientist was ultimately achieved through collaboration, adaptive learning, and resilience in the face of setbacks. From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealised and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning when to seek help. 2023·北京·高考真题 1．Habits are built through learning and repetition. 2．A routine involves repeated behaviour while a habit is a deep﹣rooted urge. 3．Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many months. 4．I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early. Therefore, I can study energetically every morning, which makes me study efficiently. Also, I am very healthy. 2022·北京·高考真题 1．Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own school. 2．Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 3．Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. 4．I think the quality of perspicacity will be important, because this insight can help us constantly find our own shortcomings in our lives, which in turn can help us improve ourselves.(31) 2021·北京·高考真题 1．Arguing is discussing your worries，related feelings and problems with the other party． 2．It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life． 3．Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry．Resolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity． 4．Resolving arguments can solve specific problems, complex situations at very low cost, improve people's logical thinking , resilience, is conducive to the formation of a good relationship so that you can make yourself more confident and develop better . 2026·北京大兴·三模 1．It was hard to live daily life there, especially speaking French. / The difficulty of dealing with daily life in a new country and the trouble in speaking French made her feel isolated and lonely. 2．A care package from her mom was on the way. / Skippy peanut butter sent by her mom. / The knowledge that a little piece of home — the Skippy peanut butter package sent by her mom — was on the way supported her. 3．Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because the attendant could only speak broken French and knew a little English. According to the passage, Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because she didn’t speak any English. The attendant didn’t speak any English and could not understand Holly’s French accent, rather than speaking broken French. 4．On a rainy day, I forgot to take an umbrella and got stuck in the street. A kind stranger shared her umbrella with me and walked me to the nearest stop. This gentle kindness left me warm and taught me to help others in need. 2026·北京丰台·二模 1．Because he believes that if local writers don’t record them, they will disappear. 2．His encounter with an elderly man who was dedicated to preserving Gu Jiegang’s research. 3．Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is not much left to explore.The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself. 4．I would create short videos about disappearing traditions and share them on social media to attract young people. Also, I would organize community workshops where elderly residents teach traditional crafts to children, keeping the skills alive through hands-on experience. 2026·北京东城·二模 1．They were busy taking photos of the paintings without appreciating them carefully. 2．He realized he had prioritized sharing the moment over living it. 3．For the best memories, the author has decided to keep records of the meaningful moments. Because the author decides to put down his phone and experience meaningful moments personally instead of recording them. 4．Yes, I agree. Many people focus on taking photos to post online instead of enjoying moments. Phones distract us from real feelings and communication, which keeps us away from the beautiful world around us. 2026·北京顺义·二模 1．Social media. 2．Because (sharing has become a default state and) we have to actively choose not to share, to resist the urge to post, to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. 3．Journaling provides us with satisfaction because we can get immediate approval from others.Because we can get the reward from the act of writing itself, from the clarity and insight we gain through self-reflection. 4．Instead of posting personal feelings online, I would share them in face-to-face conversations with trusted friends or family, which strengthens our real-life bond and lowers the risk of oversharing. More importantly, it creates a safe space for more honest and supportive communication. (42) 2026·北京西城·一模 1．After dinner, they would sit together, laptops open, phones away, no excuses. 2．Because they had both seen their mates face similar challenges and wanted to bring this experience to a broader group. 3．The co-working sessions helped to remove the block that made writing frightening. Because the sessions helped lower the barriers, not remove them completely. 4．I would break large tasks into smaller daily goals and use the Pomodoro Technique, working for 25 minutes then taking a 5-minute break. This structure keeps me focused and prevents burnout. 2026·北京通州·一模 1．It means that small changes are used to gently guide people toward better decisions. 2．As part of the experiment, the usual walk signal was replaced with a dancing figure — something amusing to watch. 3．Schools can put healthier dishes at the end of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors.According to the passage, schools can put healthier food choices at the front of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors. 4．I will put books on my desk and hide my phone. Such small changes can nudge me to spend more time reading and studying instead of wasting time on digital devices. 2026·北京顺义·一模 1．They are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure. 2．At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of participants staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect. 3．Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict, so you need to think creatively about making use of them.Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds/in conflict. You might choose to combine them and you’ll be well on your way to reaching your goal. 4．I often combine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation when working toward a goal. For example, when I set out to improve my English grades, I look for enjoyable ways to practice, like watching English movies or listening to songs, which turns learning into something I genuinely look forward to. (48) 2026·北京房山·二模 1．They have brought a new level of convenience and accuracy to healthcare monitoring. 2．They detect early health warning signs and alert users to potential health risks. 3．The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning is driving the growth of personalized medicine but it is still limited to assisting patients in their decision-making.Because The integration of AI and machine learning empowers both patients and healthcare professionals to make decisions, not only patients. 4．Technology enriches my daily study and life. It offers abundant learning resources online, helps me review lessons efficiently, and allows me to keep in touch with friends conveniently anytime. 2026·北京石景山·二模 1．Her plan was to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden. 2．She persuaded the principal by explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood. 3．After receiving advice from a local environmental group, Emma conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes. Because she conducted the survey before contacting the local environmental group. 4．From Emma's story, I learn that solving daily problems requires initiative and perseverance. By researching thoroughly, seeking guidance from teachers, and communicating effectively with decision-makers, we can turn small ideas into meaningful changes that benefit our community. 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 阅读表达 7年真题1年模拟 考点 北京考情（2020-2026） 命题规律 阅读表达 北京高考阅读表达 12 分，一篇 270-330 词短文，固定 4 道题。文体以成长记叙文为主，辅以社科说明文，话题围绕人与自我、人与社会。前两题考查原文细节提取，第三题为特色正误辨析题，第四道 40 词开放思辨题，要求结合文本联系现实作答。 细节题侧重原文定位同义转换；辨析题常设范围、因果、程度类偷换陷阱；开放题不能脱离文本。选材正向思辨，不设偏激内容，答案重简洁规范，主观题兼顾逻辑与词数控制，侧重考查信息筛选与英文概括表达能力。 （2026·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题、请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Winners never quit and quitters never win.” It’s a great expression of our admiration of courage and persistence (坚持). But as Aristotle observed over 2,000 years ago, actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters. There is a famous story about the Scottish king Robert the Bruce. Robert hid in a cave after his sixth defeat by the English, and there he watched a spider (蜘蛛) try to secure its web to the cave wall. The spider tried and failed six times before finally succeeding. Robert then decided to return to the fight, winning independence for the Scots — on the seventh attempt. King Robert’s story offers a deep well of inspiration for those who most need it. But lately I’ve been thinking about a possibility the story ignores. What if the spider had been climbing the wrong corner of the cave? There’s a crucial difference between failing at the right thing and persisting at the wrong one. When we fail at the right thing, persistence makes sense. We learn, adjust, and try again. But when we persist with the wrong thing, every bit of effort takes us further from where we are meant to be. Quitting is in fact necessary for growth. By ending something, we create space for something new to grow. We need to exit the things that don’t work anymore to be able to enter the ones that make sense for who we are today. We can imagine a different version of King Robert’s story. In this story, the spider falls a seventh time. It stops on the stone floor — and then turns, moving slowly towards a different corner of the cave, where the wind is calmer and the flies more plentiful. 1．What is Aristotle’s observation according to this passage? 2．Why is quitting necessary for growth? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ►Failing at the right thing takes us further from where we are meant to be. 4．How can you apply the idea of “moving towards a different corner” to a real-life challenge? (In about 40 words) （2025·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 1．What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? 2．How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. 4．How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Growing up, I idealised independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research programme and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 1．In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? 2．What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. 4．From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (In about 40 words) （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Habit formation is the process by which behaviours become automatic. People develop countless habits as they explore the world, whether they are aware of them or not. Understanding how habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits. Habits are built through learning and repetition. A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues(刺激) with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. Over time, thoughts of the behaviour and ultimately the behaviour itself are likely to be triggered(触发) by these cues. A “habit loop(环)” is a way of describing several related elements that produce habits. These elements are called the cue, the routine, and the reward. For example, stress could serve as a cue that one responds to by eating, which produces the reward﹣the reduction of stress. While a routine involves repeated behaviour, it’s not necessarily performed in response to a deep﹣rooted urge, as a habit is. Old habits can be difficult to shake, and healthy habits are often harder to develop. But through repetition, it’s possible to form new habits. The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour. While you are able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months to build a healthy habit. Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re﹣evaluate what you get out of them (or don’t). Consider and keep in mind why you want to make a change, including how the change reflects your values. 1．How are habits built? 2．In what way is a routine different from a habit? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. 4．What benefit(s) have you got from one of your good habits?(In about 40 words) （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water. Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains. The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through. Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG). Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.” 1．What did Tom witness at his own school? 2．Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. 4．Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words) （2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased．Thus，it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends， family members，or classmates rather than holding them back． There is a difference between arguing and fighting．Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns．You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up（激起） anger．Fighting，however，usually involves personal attacks，raising of voices， and storming out．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health．In a study，2.000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row．When people had an argument that they considered resolved， they had half the reactivity （情绪反应） of those who avoided an argument．Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions．In other words，resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by half．One day later， people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument． This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution——and you are less likely to be annoyed． Moreover，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument．This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities．You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not． It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome． 1．According to this passage，what is arguing？ 2．Why is it that“the older you are， the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument”？ 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why． Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry． 4．In addition to improving emotional health，what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument？ （In about 40 words） （2026·北京大兴·三模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 In the early 1990s, Holly Deiaco-Smith, a 19-year-old girl, boarded a plane to France, where she would spend a year studying abroad. Within a few weeks of arriving in France, though, her excitement turned into an overwhelming sense of isolation and loneliness. Navigating day-to-day life in a new country was much harder than she expected it to be, especially when it came to speaking French. Constantly fighting to be understood was emotionally exhausting. The only thing getting her through was the knowledge that a little piece of home was on the way. “My mom had sent me Skippy peanut butter, which, at that point, I could not find anywhere in France. So this was really exciting for me.” Deiaco-Smith recalled. Deiaco-Smith had to go to the post office to pick up the package. When she arrived, she tried to tell the attendant why she was there. But the attendant didn’t speak any English and couldn’t understand Deiaco-Smith’s accent when she spoke in French. “The more I repeated myself, the more frustrated I got and the more hopeless I felt. I was about ready to break down in tears, when in walked my unsung hero.” The person who came to Deiaco-Smith’s rescue was a French woman named Chantal Jouve. “She stepped in and she looked at me and said, in English, ‘Can I help you?’ And she spoke to the attendant, and within two minutes, the package was in my hands.” After helping her get the package, Jouve invited Deiaco-Smith to her house for dinner the following Sunday. “It became a regular thing every Sunday to have dinner with her and her family. I really felt like I was at home there.” Decades later, Deiaco-Smith and Jouve are still in touch. They exchange cards every Christmas and have visited each other’s families. “To this day, her act of kindness has influenced my life in many ways,” Deiaco-Smith said. “I tend to pay attention a little bit more for people who might need help. And I’m forever grateful that Madame Jouve did that for me.” 1．What made Holly feel isolated and lonely in France? 2．What was the only thing that supported Holly through the hard time? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because the attendant could only speak broken French. 4．Share an experience where you felt kindness from a stranger in your life. (In about 40words) （2026·北京丰台·二模）While the world celebrates Beijing’s imperial grandeur, Hou Lei, a 43-year-old researcher, is busy documenting the city’s easily forgotten details: a neglected jockey club, the specific taste of fermented tofu, and stories of elderly residents who once assisted great historians. “If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear,” Hou said. A strikingly overlooked part of Beijing’s history is horse racing, which few people know once thrived in the city center. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, it became an international sport by the 1920s and was a popular entertainment. Hou is renowned for uncovering overlooked details, focusing on ordinary Beijingers’ daily lives. In his Spring Festival-related books and lectures, he highlights little-seen traditions, including four essential dishes: mustard root, stir-fried pickled cucumber, tofu with fermented black beans, and roupidong. “These modest dishes mattered,” Hou said. “Even the poorest families ensured they were on the table.” With his family living in Beijing for over 150 years, he still resides in a hutong to conduct research, often walking alleyways to photograph celebrities’ former residences and collect stories. On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said. As the author of Beijing Smoke-like Trees and The Record of Beijing’s Prosperity, Hou has also recently edited Anecdotes of the Yan Capital, a collection of research on Beijing. “Prose demands discipline and inner strength,” he said. “The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.” Still, he believes Beijing’s cultural richness leaves plenty to explore. “People have been writing about Beijing since the Yuan Dynasty,” Hou said. “Different writers capture its people, its flavors and its stories. I will keep writing in the Beijing dialect, continuing to uncover the memories buried in the city.” 1．Why does Hou Lei record the details of Beijing life? 2．What reinforced Hou Lei’s belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is no much lef t to explore. 4．Besides Hou Lei’s methods, what other ways would you use to preserve Beijing’s traditional culture? (In about 40 words) （2026·北京东城·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Last month, I visited a well-known art museum in the city with my wife. As we stood before a priceless impressionist painting, I noticed something strange: nearly every teenager around us was not looking at the paintings. Their arms extended, and their eyes were fixed on the small screens of their cellphones. They were taking photos — dozens of them — framing the artwork and adjusting angles, all without pausing to actually see the painting itself. This scene made me wonder: have we, as a generation, lost the ability to experience life directly? It seems that for many of us, an event is not real unless it is documented and shared on social media. We don’t just go to a concert; we capture it to post online. We don’t just watch a sunset; we film it for the social media platform. I used to be one of those people. Last summer, I went to a music festival and spent the entire night holding my phone above my head, trying to record every song. When I got home, I was exhausted — and disappointed. My videos were shaky, the audio was terrible, and I couldn’t remember a single note I had “watched” live. Worse, I had missed the chance to dance with my friends or feel the music in my bones. That night, I realized I had prioritized sharing the moment over living it. So, I have made a promise to myself: to put my phone down more often and be fully present in those times that make life meaningful. We need to look at the painting instead of photographing it, and dance to the music instead of recording it. Why let our phone cameras become a barrier between us and the world? After all, the best memories are not the ones we capture on camera — they are the ones we capture in our hearts. 1．What were the teenagers busy doing in the museum? 2．What did the author realize after the music festival? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. For the best memories, the author has decided to keep records of the meaningful moments. 4．Do you agree that the cellphone camera has become a barrier between us and the world? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) （2026·北京顺义·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 From the earliest cave paintings to our ancestors’ oral storytelling traditions, we’ve always found ways to communicate our experiences to others. Social media has intensified this urge to extraordinary levels. In the pre-digital age, privacy was a default (默认) state. Sharing information required effort. Now, privacy requires effort. We have to actively choose not to share, to resist the urge to post, to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. This switch has significant implications. When sharing is the default, we share without thinking, flooding our networks with a constant stream of information. Some of it is harmless, but much of it is deeply personal. Relationships are ended because of misinterpreted posts. Reputations are damaged by ill-considered updates. A lot of folks have fallen victim to their own oversharing. And the risks aren’t just external (外部的). When we’re always performing our experiences for public consumption, we’re losing touch with our selves. We don’t value experiences for their inner worth—we value them only for their shareability. We judge our lives by how they look to others, not by how they feel to us. The answer to all of this is simpler than you think: start a journal. In the oversharing era, journaling itself becomes a vital act of privacy, an intentional choice to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. It provides a different kind of satisfaction. There’s no immediate feedback, no external validation. Instead, the reward comes from the act of writing itself, from the insight we gain through self-reflection. In a society that increasingly values visibility over privacy, journaling is a restoration of something precious: the right to our own thoughts, our own experiences, our own inner lives. 1．What intensifies people’s urge to share information? 2．Why does privacy require effort now? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Journaling provides us with satisfaction because we can get immediate approval from others. 4．Besides journaling, how can you avoid oversharing on social media? (In about 40 words) （2026·北京西城·一模）阅读表达 It often took me weeks or even months to begin writing something. I tended to put it off, reasoning that at some point I would land in that perfect moment where my thoughts would flow. But that moment didn’t always arrive, and I ended up putting together a hurriedly written piece only when the deadline became dangerously close. It was 10 p.m. on a winter night and I was sitting at my laptop, staring at a blank Word document. My thesis proposal deadline approached. I hadn’t written a word despite weeks of thinking. Earlier that evening, when I met another Ph.D．student, Sachin, for our regular monthly dinner, he was equally stuck — buried under the weight of a fellowship application. We set out to make a change. So, we made a pact (约定): After dinner, we would sit together, laptops open, phones away, no excuses. It was the fuel I needed to finally start writing. Our informal pact soon became a habit. We scheduled weekly 90-minute sessions, which gave us a distraction-free space to write something, however imperfect. We began each session by naming a small goal. That 5-minute planning made the rest of the session surprisingly productive. Instead of worrying about writing an entire proposal, we only had to finish a tiny piece of it. Those small wins built confidence. A few sentences grew into paragraphs, then into complete proposals with enough time before the deadline to get feedback from professors. Writing never got easy, as I’d hoped, but it became less isolating and more productive. Sachin and I had both seen our mates face similar challenges and wanted to bring this experience to a broader group. So we launched co-working sessions for the students in our department. We started with 5 minutes of goal setting, followed by 75 minutes of silent, focused writing, and ended with a short reflection period. Now dozens of students have attended. What began as two anxious students staring at blank screens has grown into a small community that makes writing less lonely. Our experience showed us that accountability and a shared sense of purpose can lower the barriers that make writing so scary. No one should have to write alone 1．What was the pact between the author and Sachin for writing? 2．Why did the author and Sachin start co-working sessions for their mates? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The co-working sessions helped to remove the block that made writing frightening. 4．Apart from making a pact, what other way(s) would you use to improve productivity? (In about 40 words) （2026·北京通州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Have you ever thought of changing people’s behaviors by simple efforts? One effective approach is nudge theory. It means that small changes are used to gently guide people toward better decisions. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental push. A manager might nudge employees to work faster by reminding them that a deadline is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice or action seem more attractive or beneficial than other options. And second, design nudges imply the best option instead of being explicit about it. An experiment in Lisbon, Portugal, provides a good example of a design nudge. The experiment was designed to make crossing the street safer. Instead of waiting for the walk signal, walkers were crossing whenever there was a break in traffic, which could be very dangerous. As part of the experiment, the usual walk signal was replaced with a dancing figure — something amusing to watch, which encouraged them to wait before crossing. As a result, the proportion of people who crossed at an unsafe time dropped significantly. There are other examples of nudges designed to promote beneficial choices. Students can be nudged to replace a cycle of negative behavior — such as choosing unhealthy food at lunch — with positive behaviors. Studies show that the majority of people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line. People don’t notice when an effective design nudge pushes them toward a certain action or decision. Businesses may create helpful nudges that benefit both consumers and themselves. For example, an app that provides online services might set a reasonable free-use plan as the default option and hide automatic paid subscriptions in an advanced setting. This protects users from unwanted charges and helps the company gain long-term customer trust. Design nudges are all around us because they are an effective way for designers to promote certain behaviors of people who use the design. 1．What is nudge theory? 2．What change was made in an experiment to ensure safer crossing? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Schools can put healthier dishes at the end of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors. 4．How can you use the nudge theory in your daily life? (In about 40 words) （2026·北京顺义·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When most of us turn our minds to self-improvement, we assume that we need to put pleasure on pause until we’ve reached our goal. Yet the latest research suggests that this may be the worst way to approach our personal goals. Put simply, we are far more likely to succeed if the process offers immediate satisfaction as well as rewards in the future. These insights arise from self-determination theory, which sets out a range of motivation. On one side you have intrinsic (内在的) drives, which are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure. On the other, there are extrinsic (外在的) drives — things that you know you should do, often because of a longer-term benefit. For a study published in 2025, Kaitlin Woolley and colleagues surveyed 2,000 people about their goals for the year ahead. The researchers then kept track of the participants’ progress over the following 12 months. At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of them staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect. Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds, of course. You may initially choose to get fit because your doctor has told you to, but you can then look for the most enjoyable ways to do it. You just need to think a bit more creatively about how to build in the exercise. If you’re struggling to find a way of making your new habit fun, you might choose to combine it with another activity that provides more immediate satisfaction. You can apply the same principle to anything you want to do. Armed with this strategy, you’ll be well on your way to reaching your goal this year. 1．What are intrinsic drives? 2．What is the result of the study in the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤ Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict, so you need to think creatively about how to make use of them. 4．Do you rely more on intrinsic or extrinsic drives to reach your goal? Give an example. (In about 40 words) （2026·北京房山·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In recent years, wearable medical devices have revolutionized the field of healthcare, bringing a new level of convenience and accuracy to healthcare monitoring. These small devices, ranging from smartwatches to fitness bands, have evolved beyond mere accessories. These devices are designed to assist individuals in taking charge of their own health by providing real-time data on various health measurements. From heart rate and blood pressure to sleep patterns and activity levels, these devices offer comprehensive insights into our well-being.  With advanced sensors and algorithms, users can access accurate and personalized information,  which helps them form wise judgments about lifestyle and healthcare choices. Preventive healthcare is a key benefit of wearable medical devices. Their role is to detect early warning signs and changes from normal health patterns, alerting users to potential health risks. For example, continuous monitoring of heart rate and electrocardiogram data can help identify irregularities that may indicate the onset of heart conditions. This early detection is crucial for taking action, which ultimately reduces the burden on healthcare systems. Wearable medical devices also make remote patient monitoring more flexible and effective. Patients can now receive medical-grade monitoring outside raditional healthcare settings, allowing for increased flexibility and independence. Equiped with biosensors and conectivity options, wearable devices transmit real-time data to healthcare providers. This enables personalized treatment plans and timely interventions, improving convenience for patients and optimizing healthcare resources, especially in rural or underserved areas. Artificial intelligence and machine learning enhance the value of wearable medical devices. The integration of these intelligent technologies is driving the growth of personalized medicine and empowering both patients and healthcare professionals in their decision-making. The future of wearable devices in healthcare holds great promise. 1．What have wearable medical devices brought to healthcare monitoring in recent years? 2．What can wearable medical devices do for preventive healthcare? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning is driving the growth of personalized medicine but it is still limited to assisting patients in their decision-making. 4．In addition to healthcare, in what other aspect(s)can technology benefit you personally?(In about 40 words) （2026·北京石景山·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Emma, a Brookfield High School student from Canada, decided that she would devote herself to reducing food waste so that she could make a meaningful difference in her community. To tackle the problem, Emma planned to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden. Now her plan is becoming a reality. Ten compost bins are scheduled to be installed around campus in early April. As she began researching food waste, Emma discovered an online tool that helped schools estimate how much waste they produced each week. After entering data from her school cafeteria, she realised that hundreds of kilogrammes of food were being thrown away every month. At the suggestion of her biology teacher, Karen Mills, she first conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes toward recycling. Then she continued her research, contacting a local environmental group for advice on composting equipment and maintenance. Since she did not have enough money to begin the project, she persuaded Brookfield’s principal to support her after explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood. Because the school provided the initial funding for the bins and basic equipment, the project has grown to include a student volunteer team responsible for collecting and sorting food waste. The finished compost is expected to be used in the school garden, where vegetables and flowers will be grown for science lessons and community events. “It feels amazing to think that an idea I had during lunch one day could turn into something this useful,” said Emma, expressing thanks for Mills’ guidance. 1．What was Emma’s plan for reducing food waste at school? 2．How did Emma convince the principal to support her project? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. After receiving advice from a local environmental group, Emma conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes. 4．What can you learn from Emma’s story about solving problems in daily life? (In about 40 words) 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 阅读表达 7年真题1年模拟 考点 北京考情（2020-2026） 命题规律 阅读表达 北京高考阅读表达 12 分，一篇 270-330 词短文，固定 4 道题。文体以成长记叙文为主，辅以社科说明文，话题围绕人与自我、人与社会。前两题考查原文细节提取，第三题为特色正误辨析题，第四道 40 词开放思辨题，要求结合文本联系现实作答。 细节题侧重原文定位同义转换；辨析题常设范围、因果、程度类偷换陷阱；开放题不能脱离文本。选材正向思辨，不设偏激内容，答案重简洁规范，主观题兼顾逻辑与词数控制，侧重考查信息筛选与英文概括表达能力。 （2026·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题、请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Winners never quit and quitters never win.” It’s a great expression of our admiration of courage and persistence (坚持). But as Aristotle observed over 2,000 years ago, actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters. There is a famous story about the Scottish king Robert the Bruce. Robert hid in a cave after his sixth defeat by the English, and there he watched a spider (蜘蛛) try to secure its web to the cave wall. The spider tried and failed six times before finally succeeding. Robert then decided to return to the fight, winning independence for the Scots — on the seventh attempt. King Robert’s story offers a deep well of inspiration for those who most need it. But lately I’ve been thinking about a possibility the story ignores. What if the spider had been climbing the wrong corner of the cave? There’s a crucial difference between failing at the right thing and persisting at the wrong one. When we fail at the right thing, persistence makes sense. We learn, adjust, and try again. But when we persist with the wrong thing, every bit of effort takes us further from where we are meant to be. Quitting is in fact necessary for growth. By ending something, we create space for something new to grow. We need to exit the things that don’t work anymore to be able to enter the ones that make sense for who we are today. We can imagine a different version of King Robert’s story. In this story, the spider falls a seventh time. It stops on the stone floor — and then turns, moving slowly towards a different corner of the cave, where the wind is calmer and the flies more plentiful. 1．What is Aristotle’s observation according to this passage? 2．Why is quitting necessary for growth? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ►Failing at the right thing takes us further from where we are meant to be. 4．How can you apply the idea of “moving towards a different corner” to a real-life challenge? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters. 2．Because quitting creates space for something new to grow and allows us to focus on what suits us now. 3．Failing at the right thing takes us further from where we are meant to be. Persisting with the wrong thing takes us further from where we are meant to be 4．When I find myself stuck in a subject I’ve tried hard to improve but constantly fail, instead of pushing blindly, I will switch to a learning method that fits me better, or explore another field where my talents can truly shine. 【导语】本文主要通过改写苏格兰蜘蛛结网的故事，辩证探讨了坚持与放弃的意义，指出在错误的事情上死磕不如适时转向，适时放弃才能为新生腾出空间。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“But as Aristotle observed over 2,000 years ago, actions pushed to their extreme turn into disasters. (但正如亚里士多德在2000多年前观察到的那样，行动推向极端就会变成灾难。)”可知，亚里士多德的观察结论是把行动推向极端会带来不良后果。 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段“By ending something, we create space for something new to grow. We need to exit the things that don’t work anymore to be able to enter the ones that make sense for who we are today. (通过结束某事，我们为新事物的成长创造了空间。我们需要退出那些不再起作用的事情，才能进入适合当下自己的事情。)”可知，放弃能让人摆脱无效消耗，从而有机会开启更适合自己的新方向。 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“When we fail at the right thing, persistence makes sense. We learn, adjust, and try again. But when we persist with the wrong thing, every bit of effort takes us further from where we are meant to be. (当我们做正确的事失败时，坚持是有意义的。我们学习、调整并重试。但当我们在错误的事情上坚持时，每一点努力都会让我们离本该去的地方越来越远。)”可知，是“在错误的事情上坚持”才会让我们偏离正轨，而不是在正确的事情上失败。 4．开放性题目。本题题干：你如何将“走向不同的角落”的想法应用于现实生活中的挑战？答案不唯一，合理即可。当我发现自己陷入了一个我努力改进但不断失败的学科时，我不会盲目地坚持，而是会转向一种更适合我的学习方法，或者探索另一个我的才能真正闪耀的领域。 （2025·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 There’s something magical about the way imagination works. Around the world, kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction. Take the story of Mark Lee. He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply complaining, he decided to do something about it. Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks. At first, everything went wrong — the plastic broke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit together. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After months of trial and error, he succeeded. With a little help from his school and the local community centre, Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood. And he’s not alone. Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books. Inspired by magical maps in her stories, she wondered: what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award. Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea. 1．What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood? 2．How does the app created by Sally and her friends help? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > With encouragement from his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error. 4．How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 2．It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 3． According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 4．First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn  relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mark Lee和Sally Carter两位青少年发挥想象力并付诸实践的故事，鼓励年轻人积极发挥想象力，勇敢尝试。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. (他喜欢在社区里骑自行车，但看到公园和人行道上到处都是塑料瓶，他很沮丧。)” 可知，让Mark沮丧的是看到公园和人行道上有很多塑料瓶。故填 Seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段“what if we could build a real - world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities? She gathered friends, learned some basic programming, and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about. (如果我们能开发一个现实世界的应用程序，帮助人们探索他们自己城市里隐藏的地方会怎么样呢？她召集了朋友们，学习了一些基本的编程知识，然后他们一起开发了一个应用程序，该程序可以绘制出很少有人知道的当地小公园和花园的地图。)” 可知，Sally和她朋友创建的应用程序帮助人们探索自己城市里像小公园和花园这样隐藏的地方。故填It helps people explore hidden places like small local parks and gardens in their own cities. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up. (朋友们有点嘲笑，甚至Mark的父母都认为他应该放弃。)” 可知，Mark并没有得到朋友和父母的鼓励，所以“With encouragement from his friends and parents” 这部分是错误的。故填According to the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up; so this part With encouragement from his friends and parents is false. 4．考查开放性试题。结合Mark和Sally的故事，可知他们都是先发现问题或有想法，然后勇敢尝试，必要时学习相关技能，面对困难坚持不懈。故填First, spot a problem you care about. Then, experiment boldly or create. Learn relevant skills if needed, persist through setbacks, and ask friends or communities for help to keep trying despite difficulties to turn your ideas into real solutions. （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Growing up, I idealised independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research programme and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 1．In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? 2．What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. 4．From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 2．The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialised training. 3．The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. It is because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others there so that the adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success. 4．In the story, success in becoming an independent scientist was ultimately achieved through collaboration, adaptive learning, and resilience in the face of setbacks. From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealised and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning than to seek help. (答案言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在追求科学研究的独立过程中遇到的挑战、失败、学习和成长的故事。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. (当我开始设计实验时，我的委员会成员警告我，我将面临的挑战。但是我对独立的需求驱使我推进我的研究计划)”可知，一开始，是作者对独立的需求驱使作者推进这个研究计划。故答案为：The need to be recognized as an independent scientist. 2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training. (我的导师和我想出了一个有点不同寻常的解决方案：我将在一个合作实验室里待上三个月，接受专门培训)”可知，在反复的失败之后，导师和作者的解决方案是，作者将花三个月的时间在合作实验室接受专门培训。故答案为：The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialised training. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data.(我的导师认为这段经历是一次开创性的成功，强调了我获得的合作技能。几个月后，当我在家里的实验室里重复这个实验时，我得到了更多可发表的数据)”可知，导师认为作者在实验室的经历是一次开创性的成功，这是因为作者通过与他人合作获得了合作技能，而不是因为产生了可发表的数据。故答案：The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. It is because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others there so that the adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success. 4．开放性问题。答案言之有理即可。通读全文可知，作者成为一名独立科学家的成功最终是通过合作、适应性学习和面对挫折的韧性来实现的。从这个故事中，我们了解到，虽然独立最初是理想化的，并被热情地追求，但真正的独立往往包括认识到合作的价值，并学会何时寻求帮助。故答案为：In the story, success in becoming an independent scientist was ultimately achieved through collaboration, adaptive learning, and resilience in the face of setbacks. From the story, we learn that while independence is initially idealised and pursued passionately, true independence often involves recognizing the value of collaboration and learning when to seek help. （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Habit formation is the process by which behaviours become automatic. People develop countless habits as they explore the world, whether they are aware of them or not. Understanding how habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits. Habits are built through learning and repetition. A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues(刺激) with behavioural responses that help meet the goal. Over time, thoughts of the behaviour and ultimately the behaviour itself are likely to be triggered(触发) by these cues. A “habit loop(环)” is a way of describing several related elements that produce habits. These elements are called the cue, the routine, and the reward. For example, stress could serve as a cue that one responds to by eating, which produces the reward﹣the reduction of stress. While a routine involves repeated behaviour, it’s not necessarily performed in response to a deep﹣rooted urge, as a habit is. Old habits can be difficult to shake, and healthy habits are often harder to develop. But through repetition, it’s possible to form new habits. The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple factors, including the individual and the intended behaviour. While you are able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months to build a healthy habit. Take some time to think about what leads to bad habits and re﹣evaluate what you get out of them (or don’t). Consider and keep in mind why you want to make a change, including how the change reflects your values. 1．How are habits built? 2．In what way is a routine different from a habit? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. 4．What benefit(s) have you got from one of your good habits?(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Habits are built through learning and repetition. 2．A routine involves repeated behaviour while a habit is a deep﹣rooted urge. 3．Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many months. 4．I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early. Therefore, I can study energetically every morning, which makes me study efficiently. Also, I am very healthy. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。习惯的形成是行为自动形成的过程。人们在探索世界的过程中养成了无数的习惯，不管他们是否意识到这些习惯。文章主要说明了习惯是如何形成的以及对人的影响。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Habits are built through learning and repetition.(习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的)”可知，习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的。故填Habits are built through learning and repetition.。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“While a routine involves repeated behaviour, it’s not necessarily performed in response to a deep﹣rooted urge, as a habit is.(虽然一个常规包括重复的行为，但它不一定是为了应对深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，就像习惯一样)”可知，常规不同于习惯在于：常规是重复的行为，而习惯是深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，故填A routine involves repeated behaviour while a habit is a deep﹣rooted urge.。 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While you are able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months to build a healthy habit.(虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新的习惯，但是要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间)”可知，养成一个新的习惯需要好几周，而要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间。所以句子“Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time.”中“a shorter time”错误，应该为many months，故填Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many months.。 4．开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“你的一个好习惯给你带来了什么好处？（大约40个字）”，答案可以是：我有早睡早起的好习惯。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地学习，这使我学习效率高。而且，我很健康。故填I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early. Therefore, I can study energetically every morning, which makes me study efficiently. Also, I am very healthy.。 （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water. Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains. The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through. Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG). Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.” 1．What did Tom witness at his own school? 2．Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. 4．Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own school. 2．Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 3．Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. 4．I think the quality of perspicacity will be important, because this insight can help us constantly find our own shortcomings in our lives, which in turn can help us improve ourselves.(31) 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述15岁的汤姆看到自己学校的学生喝含糖的饮料，随后发明了一种适合所有年龄的人们可以喝的无糖的健康饮料。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们大量消费含糖饮料）可知，作为15岁的发明家和创业者，汤姆在学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料。故答案为Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids at his own school. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中“Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions ”（汤姆看着他的妈妈制作健康的水果饮料）第二句“ From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. ”（从观察他的母亲和他要给孩子们更好的饮料选择的愿望，他想出了他的原始模型的Fun Bottle）可知，汤姆在观察母亲制作水果饮料的过程中得到启发，才有了Fun Bottle的原始模型。故答案为Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG).”（但是这个15岁的孩子最感到自豪的是Fun Bottle带给其他人的机会。它有助于对含糖饮料提供健康的替代品。而且汤姆还捐赠了部分利润为一个名为OHG的组织）可知，汤姆把自己产品的部分利润，并非全部利润，捐给了OHG。所以错误在于“all the profits”，应修改为“part of the profits”，故答案为Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. 4．开放题，言之有理即可。根据第一段第一句“Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料）第二段中““I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains.”（“我想出一种健康、自然的方式，让人们在旅途中喝。我的一大任务就是让所有年龄段的人都不再喝含糖饮料,”汤姆解释说）可知，汤姆在看到学生喝含糖的饮料时，他想到要发明出一种适合所有年龄段都能喝的不含糖的饮料，可推知，汤姆是一个很有聪颖的，有洞察力的人。这种洞察力在我们的生活中可以帮助我们不断发现自己的不足，进而帮助我们提升自己。故答案为：I think the quality of perspicacity  im is portant, because this insight can help us constantly find our own shortcomings in our lives, which in turn can help us improve ourselves.(31) （2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased．Thus，it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends， family members，or classmates rather than holding them back． There is a difference between arguing and fighting．Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns．You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up（激起） anger．Fighting，however，usually involves personal attacks，raising of voices， and storming out．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health．In a study，2.000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row．When people had an argument that they considered resolved， they had half the reactivity （情绪反应） of those who avoided an argument．Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions．In other words，resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by half．One day later， people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument． This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution——and you are less likely to be annoyed． Moreover，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument．This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities．You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not． It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome． 1．According to this passage，what is arguing？ 2．Why is it that“the older you are， the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument”？ 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why． Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry． 4．In addition to improving emotional health，what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument？ （In about 40 words） 【答案】1．Arguing is discussing your worries，related feelings and problems with the other party． 2．It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life． 3．Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry．Resolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity． 4．Resolving arguments can solve specific problems, complex situations at very low cost, improve people's logical thinking , resilience,  is conducive to the formation of a good relationship so that you can make yourself more confident and develop better . 【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。因此，向你的朋友、家人或同学提出问题可能是值得的，而不是阻止他们。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns．”（争论是你和你的对手提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。）可知，争论是提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。故答案为Arguing is discussing your worries，related feelings and problems with the other party． 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Moreover，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument．This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities．You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not．”（而且，年纪越大，越有可能在争吵后找到解决办法。这可能是因为更多的生活经历通常会导致更明确的优先事项。你更有可能区分什么是重要的，什么是不重要的。）可知，更多的生活经验可以帮助人们更好地确定生活中的优先事项。故答案填It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life． 3．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased．”（最近的研究表明，如果一个争论得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应就会显著减少或几乎完全消失。）可知，解决争吵可以改善你的情绪健康，因为它增加你的反应，减少你生气的机会。解决争论有助于降低你的反应性，而不是增加你的反应力。故答案为Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry．Resolving arguments helps to decrease your reactivity． 4．考查开放思维。解决争吵也可以提高人们的逻辑思维能力和应变能力，使得相互之间的关系得到升华。故可能答案版本一为Resolving arguments can solve specific problems, complex situations at very low cost, improve people's logical thinking , resilience,   is conducive to the formation of a good relationship so that you can make yourself more confident and develop better . （2026·北京大兴·三模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 In the early 1990s, Holly Deiaco-Smith, a 19-year-old girl, boarded a plane to France, where she would spend a year studying abroad. Within a few weeks of arriving in France, though, her excitement turned into an overwhelming sense of isolation and loneliness. Navigating day-to-day life in a new country was much harder than she expected it to be, especially when it came to speaking French. Constantly fighting to be understood was emotionally exhausting. The only thing getting her through was the knowledge that a little piece of home was on the way. “My mom had sent me Skippy peanut butter, which, at that point, I could not find anywhere in France. So this was really exciting for me.” Deiaco-Smith recalled. Deiaco-Smith had to go to the post office to pick up the package. When she arrived, she tried to tell the attendant why she was there. But the attendant didn’t speak any English and couldn’t understand Deiaco-Smith’s accent when she spoke in French. “The more I repeated myself, the more frustrated I got and the more hopeless I felt. I was about ready to break down in tears, when in walked my unsung hero.” The person who came to Deiaco-Smith’s rescue was a French woman named Chantal Jouve. “She stepped in and she looked at me and said, in English, ‘Can I help you?’ And she spoke to the attendant, and within two minutes, the package was in my hands.” After helping her get the package, Jouve invited Deiaco-Smith to her house for dinner the following Sunday. “It became a regular thing every Sunday to have dinner with her and her family. I really felt like I was at home there.” Decades later, Deiaco-Smith and Jouve are still in touch. They exchange cards every Christmas and have visited each other’s families. “To this day, her act of kindness has influenced my life in many ways,” Deiaco-Smith said. “I tend to pay attention a little bit more for people who might need help. And I’m forever grateful that Madame Jouve did that for me.” 1．What made Holly feel isolated and lonely in France? 2．What was the only thing that supported Holly through the hard time? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because the attendant could only speak broken French. 4．Share an experience where you felt kindness from a stranger in your life. (In about 40words) 【答案】1．It was hard to live daily life there, especially speaking French. / The difficulty of dealing with daily life in a new country and the trouble in speaking French made her feel isolated and lonely. 2．A care package from her mom was on the way. / Skippy peanut butter sent by her mom. / The knowledge that a little piece of home — the Skippy peanut butter package sent by her mom — was on the way supported her. 3．Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because the attendant could only speak broken French and knew a little English. According to the passage, Deiaco-Smith failed to communicate with the post office attendant because she didn’t speak any English. The attendant didn’t speak any English and could not understand Holly’s French accent, rather than speaking broken French. 4．On a rainy day, I forgot to take an umbrella and got stuck in the street. A kind stranger shared her umbrella with me and walked me to the nearest stop. This gentle kindness left me warm and taught me to help others in need. One cold winter day, I lost my way and felt anxious. A warm-hearted stranger noticed my trouble, patiently guided me and comforted me. His simple kindness touched me deeply and encouraged me to pass on warmth to others. 【导语】本文讲述了Holly Deiaco-Smith年轻时赴法国留学的经历。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Navigating day-to-day life in a new country was much harder than she expected it to be, especially when it came to speaking French.( 在陌生的国家打理日常生活，远比她预想的要艰难，尤其是讲法语这件事。)”可知，Holly孤独的原因是在那里生活处处碰壁，讲法语更是一大难题。/在异国他乡应付日常琐事本就艰难，再加上法语交流不畅，这一切让她倍感孤单、格格不入。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“The only thing getting her through was the knowledge that a little piece of home was on the way.(支撑她坚持下去的，是知道一份来自家乡的慰藉即将抵达。)”和第四段“ “My mom had sent me Skippy peanut butter...”(“妈妈给我寄了四季宝花生酱……”)”可知，支撑她坚持下去的是妈妈寄来的爱心包裹正在运送途中。/妈妈寄来的四季宝花生酱。/知道饱含家乡味道的包裹 —— 妈妈寄来的四季宝花生酱 —— 即将送达，这份念想支撑着她。 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段“But the attendant didn’t speak any English and couldn’t understand Deiaco-Smith’s accent when she spoke in French.(可是这位工作人员完全不会说英语，而且当迪亚科 -史密斯讲法语时，对方也听不懂她的口音。)”可知，工作人员完全不会英语，且听不懂 Holly带口音的法语；并不是“只会蹩脚的法语（broken French）”。 4．考查开放性试题。可以参考的答案是：雨天里，我忘了带伞，被困在街上。一位热心的陌生人为我撑伞，还陪我走到了最近的车站。这份温柔的善意温暖了我，也让我学会去帮助有需要的人。/一个寒冷的冬日，我迷了路，内心十分焦急。一位热心的陌生人看出了我的窘境，耐心为我指路并安慰我。这份朴实的善意深深打动了我，也激励我将这份温暖传递下去。（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） （2026·北京丰台·二模）While the world celebrates Beijing’s imperial grandeur, Hou Lei, a 43-year-old researcher, is busy documenting the city’s easily forgotten details: a neglected jockey club, the specific taste of fermented tofu, and stories of elderly residents who once assisted great historians. “If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear,” Hou said. A strikingly overlooked part of Beijing’s history is horse racing, which few people know once thrived in the city center. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, it became an international sport by the 1920s and was a popular entertainment. Hou is renowned for uncovering overlooked details, focusing on ordinary Beijingers’ daily lives. In his Spring Festival-related books and lectures, he highlights little-seen traditions, including four essential dishes: mustard root, stir-fried pickled cucumber, tofu with fermented black beans, and roupidong. “These modest dishes mattered,” Hou said. “Even the poorest families ensured they were on the table.” With his family living in Beijing for over 150 years, he still resides in a hutong to conduct research, often walking alleyways to photograph celebrities’ former residences and collect stories. On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said. As the author of Beijing Smoke-like Trees and The Record of Beijing’s Prosperity, Hou has also recently edited Anecdotes of the Yan Capital, a collection of research on Beijing. “Prose demands discipline and inner strength,” he said. “The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.” Still, he believes Beijing’s cultural richness leaves plenty to explore. “People have been writing about Beijing since the Yuan Dynasty,” Hou said. “Different writers capture its people, its flavors and its stories. I will keep writing in the Beijing dialect, continuing to uncover the memories buried in the city.” 1．Why does Hou Lei record the details of Beijing life? 2．What reinforced Hou Lei’s belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is no much lef t to explore. 4．Besides Hou Lei’s methods, what other ways would you use to preserve Beijing’s traditional culture? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because he believes that if local writers don’t record them, they will disappear. 2．His encounter with an elderly man who was dedicated to preserving Gu Jiegang’s research. 3．Writing becomes more challenging over time, because there is not much left to explore.The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself. 4．I would create short videos about disappearing traditions and share them on social media to attract young people. Also, I would organize community workshops where elderly residents teach traditional crafts to children, keeping the skills alive through hands-on experience. 【导语】研究者侯磊专注记录北京小众市井细节与尘封往事，走访胡同搜集民间故事，撰文留存城市记忆，坚持挖掘书写老城独有的民俗与历史底蕴。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“If local writers don’t record these smallest and most hidden details, they will disappear(如果当地的作家们不把这些最细微、最隐秘的细节记录下来，它们就会消失不见)”可知，侯磊记录北京的生活细节是因为他认为，如果当地的作家不记录下来，这些内容就会消失。 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段“On one such walk, Hou met an elderly man who told him he had once assisted historian Gu Jiegang (1893 — 1980) and was still dedicated to preserving his research. “That encounter reinforced my belief that Beijing’s hutong are treasure,” Hou said.(一次走访途中，侯磊偶遇一位老人。老人称自己曾协助历史学家顾颉刚，至今仍致力于整理留存其研究资料。这次相遇让他愈发坚信，北京胡同处处皆是珍宝)”可知，遇到了一位致力于保护顾颉刚研究成果的老人让侯磊更加坚信北京的胡同是珍贵的财富。 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段“The more you write, the harder it gets because you must keep surpassing yourself.(你写得越多，就越会发现难度在不断增加，因为你必须不断超越自我)”可知，错误部分为“because there is not much left to explore”。你写得越多，就越难，因为你必须不断超越自我。 4．考查开放题。问题是“除了侯磊所采用的方法之外，您还会采用哪些方式来保护北京的传统文化呢？”可回答：我会制作一些关于逐渐消失的传统习俗的短视频，并将其发布在社交媒体上，以吸引年轻人的关注。此外，我还会组织社区工作坊，让年长的居民向孩子们传授传统技艺，通过亲身体验来传承这些技能。 （2026·北京东城·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Last month, I visited a well-known art museum in the city with my wife. As we stood before a priceless impressionist painting, I noticed something strange: nearly every teenager around us was not looking at the paintings. Their arms extended, and their eyes were fixed on the small screens of their cellphones. They were taking photos — dozens of them — framing the artwork and adjusting angles, all without pausing to actually see the painting itself. This scene made me wonder: have we, as a generation, lost the ability to experience life directly? It seems that for many of us, an event is not real unless it is documented and shared on social media. We don’t just go to a concert; we capture it to post online. We don’t just watch a sunset; we film it for the social media platform. I used to be one of those people. Last summer, I went to a music festival and spent the entire night holding my phone above my head, trying to record every song. When I got home, I was exhausted — and disappointed. My videos were shaky, the audio was terrible, and I couldn’t remember a single note I had “watched” live. Worse, I had missed the chance to dance with my friends or feel the music in my bones. That night, I realized I had prioritized sharing the moment over living it. So, I have made a promise to myself: to put my phone down more often and be fully present in those times that make life meaningful. We need to look at the painting instead of photographing it, and dance to the music instead of recording it. Why let our phone cameras become a barrier between us and the world? After all, the best memories are not the ones we capture on camera — they are the ones we capture in our hearts. 1．What were the teenagers busy doing in the museum? 2．What did the author realize after the music festival? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. For the best memories, the author has decided to keep records of the meaningful moments. 4．Do you agree that the cellphone camera has become a barrier between us and the world? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．They were busy taking photos of the paintings without appreciating them carefully. 2．He realized he had prioritized sharing the moment over living it. 3．For the best memories, the author has decided to keep records of the meaningful moments. Because the author decides to put down his phone and experience meaningful moments personally instead of recording them. 4．(open) Yes, I agree. Many people focus on taking photos to post online instead of enjoying moments. Phones distract us from real feelings and communication, which keeps us away from the beautiful world around us. 【导语】文章作者通过自己的经历感悟到不要让手机隔绝人与真实世界，最美的回忆留存于心中而非镜头里。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“They were taking photos — dozens of them — framing the artwork and adjusting angles, all without pausing to actually see the painting itself.(他们不停地拍照，拍了几十张，对着画作构图取景、调整角度，却全然没有停下来好好欣赏这幅画作本身。)”可知，美术馆里的青少年只顾给画作拍照、调整角度，没有停下来认真欣赏画作。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“That night, I realized I had prioritized sharing the moment over living it.(那天晚上，我意识到我只顾着分享当下，却忘了用心感受当下。)”可知，音乐节结束后，作者意识到自己本末倒置，更在意分享瞬间，而不是亲身享受当下。 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“So, I have made a promise to myself: to put my phone down more often and be fully present in those times that make life meaningful.(于是我对自己许下承诺：多放下手机，全身心沉浸在那些赋予生活意义的美好时刻里。)”可知，作者决定放下手机，亲身感受美好时刻，而不是继续拍照记录，因此原句中 keep records of the meaningful moments表述错误。 4．考查开放性试题。可以参考的答案是：是的，我很赞同。很多人只顾着拍照发网上，却不去享受当下的时刻。手机让我们无法专注于真实的情感交流，也让我们渐渐远离了身边美好的世界。（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） （2026·北京顺义·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 From the earliest cave paintings to our ancestors’ oral storytelling traditions, we’ve always found ways to communicate our experiences to others. Social media has intensified this urge to extraordinary levels. In the pre-digital age, privacy was a default (默认) state. Sharing information required effort. Now, privacy requires effort. We have to actively choose not to share, to resist the urge to post, to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. This switch has significant implications. When sharing is the default, we share without thinking, flooding our networks with a constant stream of information. Some of it is harmless, but much of it is deeply personal. Relationships are ended because of misinterpreted posts. Reputations are damaged by ill-considered updates. A lot of folks have fallen victim to their own oversharing. And the risks aren’t just external (外部的). When we’re always performing our experiences for public consumption, we’re losing touch with our selves. We don’t value experiences for their inner worth—we value them only for their shareability. We judge our lives by how they look to others, not by how they feel to us. The answer to all of this is simpler than you think: start a journal. In the oversharing era, journaling itself becomes a vital act of privacy, an intentional choice to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. It provides a different kind of satisfaction. There’s no immediate feedback, no external validation. Instead, the reward comes from the act of writing itself, from the insight we gain through self-reflection. In a society that increasingly values visibility over privacy, journaling is a restoration of something precious: the right to our own thoughts, our own experiences, our own inner lives. 1．What intensifies people’s urge to share information? 2．Why does privacy require effort now? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Journaling provides us with satisfaction because we can get immediate approval from others. 4．Besides journaling, how can you avoid oversharing on social media? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Social media. 2．Because (sharing has become a default state and) we have to actively choose not to share, to resist the urge to post, to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves. 3．Journaling provides us with satisfaction because we can get immediate approval from others.Because we can get the reward from the act of writing itself, from the clarity and insight we gain through self-reflection. 4．Instead of posting personal feelings online, I would share them in face-to-face conversations with trusted friends or family, which strengthens our real-life bond and lowers the risk of oversharing. More importantly, it creates a safe space for more honest and supportive communication. (42) 【导语】本文主要探讨了社交媒体时代信息分享方式的转变及其带来的影响，并强调写日记作为一种保持私密性、回归内心生活的重要性。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Social media has intensified this urge to extraordinary levels.(而社交媒体更是将这种渴望推向了前所未有的高度。)”可知，社交媒体增强了人们分享信息的欲望。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“In the pre-digital age, privacy was a default (默认) state. Sharing information required effort. Now, privacy requires effort. We have to actively choose not to share, to resist the urge to post, to keep our thoughts and experiences to ourselves.(在数字化时代之前，隐私是一种默认的状态。分享信息需要付出努力。而如今，保护隐私也需要付出努力。我们必须主动选择不分享信息，抵制发布内容的冲动，将自己的想法和经历藏于心底。)”可知，现在保护隐私需要付出努力是因为（分享已成为一种默认的状态），所以我们必须主动选择不去分享，必须克制住想要发布内容的冲动，必须将我们的想法和经历藏在心底。 3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“There’s no immediate feedback, no external validation. Instead, the reward comes from the act of writing itself, from the insight we gain through self-reflection.(没有即时的反馈，也没有外界的认可。相反，其回报来自于写作这一行为本身，来自于通过自我反思所获得的洞察。)”可知，错误的部分是“because we can get immediate approval from others”，写日记能带来一种别样的满足感是因为我们能够从写作这一行为本身中获得回报，从通过自我反思所获得的清晰思路和深刻见解中获得回报。 4．考查开放性试题。可参考的答案是：为了避免在社交媒体上过度分享个人信息，我不会将个人情感发布到网上，而是会与可信赖的朋友或家人进行面对面的交流来表达这些情感，这样能加强我们现实生活中的关系，同时也能降低过度分享的风险。更重要的是，这为更坦诚和相互支持的交流创造了一个安全的空间。（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） （2026·北京西城·一模）阅读表达 It often took me weeks or even months to begin writing something. I tended to put it off, reasoning that at some point I would land in that perfect moment where my thoughts would flow. But that moment didn’t always arrive, and I ended up putting together a hurriedly written piece only when the deadline became dangerously close. It was 10 p.m. on a winter night and I was sitting at my laptop, staring at a blank Word document. My thesis proposal deadline approached. I hadn’t written a word despite weeks of thinking. Earlier that evening, when I met another Ph.D．student, Sachin, for our regular monthly dinner, he was equally stuck — buried under the weight of a fellowship application. We set out to make a change. So, we made a pact (约定): After dinner, we would sit together, laptops open, phones away, no excuses. It was the fuel I needed to finally start writing. Our informal pact soon became a habit. We scheduled weekly 90-minute sessions, which gave us a distraction-free space to write something, however imperfect. We began each session by naming a small goal. That 5-minute planning made the rest of the session surprisingly productive. Instead of worrying about writing an entire proposal, we only had to finish a tiny piece of it. Those small wins built confidence. A few sentences grew into paragraphs, then into complete proposals with enough time before the deadline to get feedback from professors. Writing never got easy, as I’d hoped, but it became less isolating and more productive. Sachin and I had both seen our mates face similar challenges and wanted to bring this experience to a broader group. So we launched co-working sessions for the students in our department. We started with 5 minutes of goal setting, followed by 75 minutes of silent, focused writing, and ended with a short reflection period. Now dozens of students have attended. What began as two anxious students staring at blank screens has grown into a small community that makes writing less lonely. Our experience showed us that accountability and a shared sense of purpose can lower the barriers that make writing so scary. No one should have to write alone 1．What was the pact between the author and Sachin for writing? 2．Why did the author and Sachin start co-working sessions for their mates? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The co-working sessions helped to remove the block that made writing frightening. 4．Apart from making a pact, what other way(s) would you use to improve productivity? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．After dinner, they would sit together, laptops open, phones away, no excuses. 2．Because they had both seen their mates face similar challenges and wanted to bring this experience to a broader group. 3．The co-working sessions helped to remove the block that made writing frightening. Because the sessions helped lower the barriers, not remove them completely. 4．I would break large tasks into smaller daily goals and use the Pomodoro Technique, working for 25 minutes then taking a 5-minute break. This structure keeps me focused and prevents burnout. 【导语】文章讲述了作者曾饱受写作拖延困扰，在和同样陷入写作瓶颈的同学Sachin约定结伴写作后，逐渐形成固定的互助写作模式，不仅克服了拖延、提升了写作效率，还将这种互助模式推广为部门内的写作社群，帮助更多学生降低写作焦虑的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“So, we made a pact (约定): After dinner, we would sit together, laptops open, phones away, no excuses. It was the fuel I needed to finally start writing. (于是，我们约定：晚饭后，我们坐在一起，打开笔记本电脑，远离手机，没有借口。这是我最终开始写作所需要的动力。)”可知，两人约定，晚饭后，坐在一起，远离手机，打开笔记本电脑写作。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Sachin and I had both seen our mates face similar challenges and wanted to bring this experience to a broader group. (Sachin和我都看到我们的同学面临着类似的挑战，于是想把这种经验推广到更多人。)”可知，他们创建互助写作小组的原因是因为他们都看到自己的同学面临着类似的挑战，并希望将这种经历带给更广泛的群体。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Our experience showed us that accountability and a shared sense of purpose can lower the barriers that make writing so scary. (我们的经验表明，责任感和共同的目标感能够降低让写作变得可怕的障碍。)”可知，原文表述是“lower the barriers (降低障碍)”，而非“remove the block (消除障碍)”，程度上有差异，且前文提到“Writing never got easy(写作从来都不容易)”，说明障碍并未完全消除。因此“remove the block”表述错误，应该在remove the block下画横线。 4．开放性试题。根据日常提升效率的经验可知，制定细分计划、使用番茄工作法等都是有效的方法，答案合理即可。如：I would break large tasks into smaller daily goals and use the Pomodoro Technique, working for 25 minutes then taking a 5-minute break. This structure keeps me focused and prevents burnout. （2026·北京通州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Have you ever thought of changing people’s behaviors by simple efforts? One effective approach is nudge theory. It means that small changes are used to gently guide people toward better decisions. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental push. A manager might nudge employees to work faster by reminding them that a deadline is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice or action seem more attractive or beneficial than other options. And second, design nudges imply the best option instead of being explicit about it. An experiment in Lisbon, Portugal, provides a good example of a design nudge. The experiment was designed to make crossing the street safer. Instead of waiting for the walk signal, walkers were crossing whenever there was a break in traffic, which could be very dangerous. As part of the experiment, the usual walk signal was replaced with a dancing figure — something amusing to watch, which encouraged them to wait before crossing. As a result, the proportion of people who crossed at an unsafe time dropped significantly. There are other examples of nudges designed to promote beneficial choices. Students can be nudged to replace a cycle of negative behavior — such as choosing unhealthy food at lunch — with positive behaviors. Studies show that the majority of people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line. People don’t notice when an effective design nudge pushes them toward a certain action or decision. Businesses may create helpful nudges that benefit both consumers and themselves. For example, an app that provides online services might set a reasonable free-use plan as the default option and hide automatic paid subscriptions in an advanced setting. This protects users from unwanted charges and helps the company gain long-term customer trust. Design nudges are all around us because they are an effective way for designers to promote certain behaviors of people who use the design. 1．What is nudge theory? 2．What change was made in an experiment to ensure safer crossing? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Schools can put healthier dishes at the end of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors. 4．How can you use the nudge theory in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．It means that small changes are used to gently guide people toward better decisions. 2．As part of the experiment, the usual walk signal was replaced with a dancing figure — something amusing to watch. 3．Schools can put healthier dishes at the end of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors.According to the passage, schools can put healthier food choices at the front of the lunch line to change students’ negative behaviors. 4．I will put books on my desk and hide my phone. Such small changes can nudge me to spend more time reading and studying instead of wasting time on digital devices. 【导语】主要介绍了助推理论的含义、分类与特点，列举交通、校园、商业等领域的实例，说明了设计助推可以悄悄引导人们做出更有益的行为与选择。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“It means that small changes are used to gently guide people toward better decisions.(它指借助微小的改变，温和地引导人们做出更好的决定。)”可知，助推理论就是利用细小变化温和引导人们做出更佳选择。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“As part of the experiment, the usual walk signal was replaced with a dancing figure — something amusing to watch, which encouraged them to wait before crossing.(作为实验的一部分，普通的行人信号灯被换成了有趣的跳舞小人图案，以此鼓励行人等待后再过马路。)”可知，实验为保障安全过马路，更换了行人信号灯样式。 3．考查推理判断。根据第四段“Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line.(学校可以利用这一信息，将健康食物放在队伍的最前面，引导学生吃得更健康。)”可知，学校需要把健康食物放在队伍前方，而非队伍末尾；原句中“at the end of the lunch line”表述错误。 4．考查开放性试题。结合助推理论“小改变引导良好行为”的核心，结合学习与生活实际作答，答案可以表述为I will put books on my desk and hide my phone. Such small changes can nudge me to spend more time reading and studying instead of wasting time on digital devices.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。 （2026·北京顺义·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When most of us turn our minds to self-improvement, we assume that we need to put pleasure on pause until we’ve reached our goal. Yet the latest research suggests that this may be the worst way to approach our personal goals. Put simply, we are far more likely to succeed if the process offers immediate satisfaction as well as rewards in the future. These insights arise from self-determination theory, which sets out a range of motivation. On one side you have intrinsic (内在的) drives, which are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure. On the other, there are extrinsic (外在的) drives — things that you know you should do, often because of a longer-term benefit. For a study published in 2025, Kaitlin Woolley and colleagues surveyed 2,000 people about their goals for the year ahead. The researchers then kept track of the participants’ progress over the following 12 months. At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of them staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect. Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds, of course. You may initially choose to get fit because your doctor has told you to, but you can then look for the most enjoyable ways to do it. You just need to think a bit more creatively about how to build in the exercise. If you’re struggling to find a way of making your new habit fun, you might choose to combine it with another activity that provides more immediate satisfaction. You can apply the same principle to anything you want to do. Armed with this strategy, you’ll be well on your way to reaching your goal this year. 1．What are intrinsic drives? 2．What is the result of the study in the passage? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤ Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict, so you need to think creatively about how to make use of them. 4．Do you rely more on intrinsic or extrinsic drives to reach your goal? Give an example. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Intrinsic drives /They are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure. 2．At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of participants staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect. 3．Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict, so you need to think creatively about making use of them.Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds/in conflict. You might choose to combine them and you’ll be well on your way to reaching your goal. 4．Possible answers:I often combine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation when working toward a goal. For example, when I set out to improve my English grades, I look for enjoyable ways to practice, like watching English movies or listening to songs, which turns learning into something I genuinely look forward to. (48) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍自我决定理论中的内在驱动力和外在驱动力，以及内在驱动力对实现个人目标的重要性和相关策略。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“On one side you have intrinsic (内在的) drives, which are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure.(一方面，你有内在驱动力，即那些你为了自身缘故而被吸引去做的事情，因为它们有趣、有吸引力或能给你带来快乐)”可知，内在驱动力的定义的是为了自身缘故而被吸引去做的事情，因为它们有趣、有吸引力或能带来快乐。故填Intrinsic drives /They are the things you’re drawn to do for their own sake, because they’re fun, engaging or give you pleasure. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“For a study published in 2025, Kaitlin Woolley and colleagues surveyed 2,000 people about their goals for the year ahead. The researchers then kept track of the participants’ progress over the following 12 months. At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of them staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect.(在2025年发表的一项研究中，凯特琳·伍利及其同事调查了2000人关于他们来年的目标。研究人员随后在接下来的12个月里跟踪了参与者的进展。在研究的每个阶段，内在驱动力水平都是他们坚持到底的最佳预测因素，而他们的外在动机则没有影响)”可知，该研究的结果是在研究的每个阶段，内在驱动力水平都是参与者坚持到底的最佳预测因素，而外在动机没有影响。故填At every stage of the study, the level of intrinsic drive was the best predictor of participants staying the course, while their extrinsic motivations had no effect. 3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds, of course.(当然，内在驱动力和外在驱动力不一定是对立的)”可知，题干中“Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict(内在驱动力和外在驱动力通常是冲突的)”这一部分是错误的。原因是内在驱动力和外在驱动力不一定是对立的。结合后文“You may initially choose to get fit because your doctor has told you to, but you can then look for the most enjoyable ways to do it. You just need to think a bit more creatively about how to build in the exercise.(起初，你可能是因为医生的建议才选择健身，但之后你可以寻找最让自己享受的方式来做这件事。你只需要更有创意地思考如何把锻炼融入日常生活)”可知，人们可以将外在驱动力和内在驱动力结合起来，从而更好地实现目标。故填Intrinsic and extrinsic drives are often in conflict, so you need to think creatively about making use of them. Intrinsic and extrinsic drives do not have to be at odds/in conflict. You might choose to combine them and you’ll be well on your way to reaching your goal. 4．开放性试题。结合文章主旨，围绕“内在驱动力”“外在驱动力”任选其一或结合两者，举例说明即可，注意控制字数在40词左右。在朝着一个目标努力时，我常常会将内在动机与外在动机结合起来。例如，当我开始努力提高英语成绩时，我会寻找有趣的练习方式，比如看英文电影或听英文歌曲，这让学习变成了我真正期待去做的事。示例答案：I often combine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation when working toward a goal. For example, when I set out to improve my English grades, I look for enjoyable ways to practice, like watching English movies or listening to songs, which turns learning into something I genuinely look forward to. （2026·北京房山·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In recent years, wearable medical devices have revolutionized the field of healthcare, bringing a new level of convenience and accuracy to healthcare monitoring. These small devices, ranging from smartwatches to fitness bands, have evolved beyond mere accessories. These devices are designed to assist individuals in taking charge of their own health by providing real-time data on various health measurements. From heart rate and blood pressure to sleep patterns and activity levels, these devices offer comprehensive insights into our well-being.  With advanced sensors and algorithms, users can access accurate and personalized information,  which helps them form wise judgments about lifestyle and healthcare choices. Preventive healthcare is a key benefit of wearable medical devices. Their role is to detect early warning signs and changes from normal health patterns, alerting users to potential health risks. For example, continuous monitoring of heart rate and electrocardiogram data can help identify irregularities that may indicate the onset of heart conditions. This early detection is crucial for taking action, which ultimately reduces the burden on healthcare systems. Wearable medical devices also make remote patient monitoring more flexible and effective. Patients can now receive medical-grade monitoring outside raditional healthcare settings, allowing for increased flexibility and independence. Equiped with biosensors and conectivity options, wearable devices transmit real-time data to healthcare providers. This enables personalized treatment plans and timely interventions, improving convenience for patients and optimizing healthcare resources, especially in rural or underserved areas. Artificial intelligence and machine learning enhance the value of wearable medical devices. The integration of these intelligent technologies is driving the growth of personalized medicine and empowering both patients and healthcare professionals in their decision-making. The future of wearable devices in healthcare holds great promise. 1．What have wearable medical devices brought to healthcare monitoring in recent years? 2．What can wearable medical devices do for preventive healthcare? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning is driving the growth of personalized medicine but it is still limited to assisting patients in their decision-making. 4．In addition to healthcare, in what other aspect(s)can technology benefit you personally?(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．They have brought a new level of convenience and accuracy to healthcare monitoring. 2．They detect early health warning signs and alert users to potential health risks. 3．The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning is driving the growth of personalized medicine but it is still limited to assisting patients in their decision-making.Because The integration of AI and machine learning empowers both patients and healthcare professionals to make decisions, not only patients. 4．(open). Technology enriches my daily study and life. It offers abundant learning resources online, helps me review lessons efficiently, and allows me to keep in touch with friends conveniently anytime. 【导语】本文介绍可穿戴医疗设备给医疗健康监测带来了变革。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“In recent years, wearable medical devices have revolutionized the field of healthcare, bringing a new level of convenience and accuracy to healthcare monitoring.(近年来，可穿戴医疗设备彻底改变了医疗健康领域，为健康监测带来了更高的便捷度与精准度。)”可知，它们为健康监测带来了更高程度的便捷性与精准度。 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Preventive healthcare is a key benefit of wearable medical devices. Their role is to detect early warning signs and changes from normal health patterns, alerting users to potential health risks.(预防性医疗是可穿戴医疗设备的一大核心优势。其作用是察觉健康预警信号以及身体常态的异常变化，提醒用户留意潜在的健康风险。)”可知，它们能够及早发现健康预警信号，并提醒用户注意潜在的健康风险。 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Artificial intelligence and machine learning enhance the value of wearable medical devices. The integration of these intelligent technologies is driving the growth of personalized medicine and empowering both patients and healthcare professionals in their decision-making.( 人工智能和机器学习提升了可穿戴医疗设备的价值。这些智能技术的融合推动了个性化医疗的发展，同时助力患者和医护人员更好地做出相关决策。)”可知，人工智能与机器学习的融合，既助力患者也助力医护专业人员进行决策，而不只是服务于患者一方。故表述错误的地方是“but it is still limited to assisting patients in their decision-making”，理由是：The integration of AI and machine learning empowers both patients and healthcare professionals to make decisions, not only patients. 4．考查开放性试题。可以参考的答案是: 科技丰富了我的日常学习与生活。它在网上提供海量学习资源，帮我高效复习功课，还能让我随时随地便捷地和朋友保持联系。（开放性试题，答案合理即可） （2026·北京石景山·二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Emma, a Brookfield High School student from Canada, decided that she would devote herself to reducing food waste so that she could make a meaningful difference in her community. To tackle the problem, Emma planned to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden. Now her plan is becoming a reality. Ten compost bins are scheduled to be installed around campus in early April. As she began researching food waste, Emma discovered an online tool that helped schools estimate how much waste they produced each week. After entering data from her school cafeteria, she realised that hundreds of kilogrammes of food were being thrown away every month. At the suggestion of her biology teacher, Karen Mills, she first conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes toward recycling. Then she continued her research, contacting a local environmental group for advice on composting equipment and maintenance. Since she did not have enough money to begin the project, she persuaded Brookfield’s principal to support her after explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood. Because the school provided the initial funding for the bins and basic equipment, the project has grown to include a student volunteer team responsible for collecting and sorting food waste. The finished compost is expected to be used in the school garden, where vegetables and flowers will be grown for science lessons and community events. “It feels amazing to think that an idea I had during lunch one day could turn into something this useful,” said Emma, expressing thanks for Mills’ guidance. 1．What was Emma’s plan for reducing food waste at school? 2．How did Emma convince the principal to support her project? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. After receiving advice from a local environmental group, Emma conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes. 4．What can you learn from Emma’s story about solving problems in daily life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Her plan was to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden. 2．She persuaded the principal by explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood. 3．After receiving advice from a local environmental group, Emma conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes. Because she conducted the survey before contacting the local environmental group. 4．From Emma's story, I learn that solving daily problems requires initiative and perseverance. By researching thoroughly, seeking guidance from teachers, and communicating effectively with decision-makers, we can turn small ideas into meaningful changes that benefit our community. 【导语】文章主要讲述了Emma在校推行堆肥计划减少食物浪费并取得成功的故事。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Emma planned to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden.(Emma计划创建一个学校堆肥系统，将食堂剩菜变成学校花园的土壤)”可知，Emma的计划是建立校园堆肥系统，把食堂残余食物转化为花园用土。故答案为Her plan was to create a school composting system that could turn cafeteria leftovers into soil for the school garden. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Since she did not have enough money to begin the project, she persuaded Brookfield’s principal to support her after explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood.(由于她没有足够的钱开始这个项目，她在解释了该系统如何使学校和社区受益后，说服Brookfield的校长支持她)”以及第四段中“Because the school provided the initial funding for the bins and basic equipment, the project has grown to include a student volunteer team responsible for collecting and sorting food waste.(由于学校为垃圾箱和基本设备提供了初始资金，该项目已经发展到包括一个负责收集和分类食物垃圾的学生志愿者团队)”可知，Emma向校长解释了系统对学校和社区的双重好处，并指出学校只需提供初始资金。故答案为She persuaded the principal by explaining how the system could benefit both the school and the neighbourhood. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“After entering data from her school cafeteria, she realised that hundreds of kilogrammes of food were being thrown away every month. At the suggestion of her biology teacher, Karen Mills, she first conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes toward recycling. Then she continued her research, contacting a local environmental group for advice on composting equipment and maintenance.(在输入学校自助餐厅的数据后，她意识到每个月都有数百公斤的食物被扔掉。在生物老师凯伦·米尔斯的建议下，她首先对学生和教职员工进行了一项调查，以了解他们的饮食习惯和对回收的态度。然后，她继续她的研究，联系当地一个环保组织，寻求堆肥设备和维护方面的建议)”可知，Emma做调查在前，联系环保组织需求意见在后，原句颠倒了时间顺序。故答案为After receiving advice from a local environmental group, Emma conducted a survey among students and staff to learn more about their eating habits and attitudes. Because she conducted the survey before contacting the local environmental group. 4．开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。根据全文，Emma发现食物浪费问题后，主动研究、做调查、联系专家、说服校长，最终将想法变成现实。故事告诉我们解决日常问题需要主动性、调查研究、寻求帮助和有效沟通。故答案为From Emma’s story, I learn that solving daily problems requires initiative and perseverance. By researching thoroughly, seeking guidance from teachers, and communicating effectively with decision-makers, we can turn small ideas into meaningful changes that benefit our community. 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $