2026-2027学年七年级上册语法讲解及分层练习—一般现在时 & 现在进行时

本初中英语讲义聚焦七年级上册一般现在时与现在进行时核心语法点，系统梳理前者表特征、习惯、真理的含义及三单规则、标志词，后者表瞬间或阶段动作的构成（be+ing）、现在分词规则及标志词，通过对比构建语法学习支架。 资料以分层练习为特色，基础巩固含单选、填空、完成句子，能力提升融入语法选择、阅读及任务型阅读，结合自然、校园生活真实语境，助力学生提升语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。参考答案详尽，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生自主查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力。

2026-2027学年七年级上册语法讲解及分层练习—一般现在时 & 现在进行时 知识梳理 一、一般现在时 项目 内容 含义​ 1. 表特征、状态：He has a big family. 2. 表经常性、习惯性动作：Tom reads books every evening. 3. 表客观真理、客观存在：The sun rises in the east. 注意​ 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用三单形式（动词原形后加 -s 或 -es）。 三单构成规则​ 1. 大多数动词加 -s：like → likes, read → reads 2. 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -es：study → studies, fly → flies；元音字母 + y 结尾直接加 -s：play → plays, say → says 3. 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾加 -es：watch → watches, go → goes, do → does, fix → fixes 4. 特殊：be → is；have → has 标志词​ always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on weekends, never 等 二、现在进行时 项目 内容 含义​ 1. 表示说话瞬间正在进行的动作。 2. 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在做的事。 构成​ be (am/is/are) + v-ing（动词的现在分词） 现在分词构成规则​ 1. 一般情况加 -ing：read → reading, play → playing 2. 不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing：come → coming, make → making 3. 重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾，双写末尾辅音加 -ing：run → running, sit → sitting, swim → swimming, get → getting, put → putting 标志词​ now, look, listen, at the moment, these days, Be quiet! 等 基础巩固练习 一、单项选择 1．Our science teacher tells us that the sun ______ in the east. A．rise  B．rises  C．rose  D．is rising 2．My father ______ to work by subway every morning. A．go  B．goes  C．going  D．is going 3．Look! The children ______ kites on the playground. A．fly  B．flies  C．are flying  D．flew 4．Listen! Someone ______ the violin in the next room. A．plays  B．is playing  C．play  D．played 5．The number of the students in our grade ______ about 800. A．are  B．is  C．am  D．be 6．He often ______ TV after dinner, but now he ______ a book. A．watch; read  B．watches; reads  C．watches; is reading  D．watch; is reading 7．Be quiet! The baby ______ in the bedroom. A．sleeps  B．is sleeping  C．slept  D．sleep 8．—Where is Lisa? —She ______ the blackboard. A．cleans  B．is cleaning  C．clean  D．cleaned 9．Water ______ at 100℃. A．boil  B．boils  C．boiling  D．is boiling 10．My mother ______ noodles for breakfast, but this morning she ______ bread. A．cooks; eats  B．cooks; is eating  C．cook; eats  D．cook; is eating 二、单词拼写（用所给动词的适当形式填空） 1．She ______ (like) apples very much. 2．The earth ______ (move) around the sun. 3．He usually ______ (study) English in the morning. 4．My sister ______ (wash) her clothes on Sundays. 5．Look! The boy ______ (run) after a dog. 6．Listen! The girls ______ (sing) in the music room. 7．At the moment, my mother ______ (cook) dinner. 8．He ______ (do) his homework every day. 9．The students ______ (have) a PE class now. 10．I ______ (write) a postcard to my cousin at present. 三、完成句子 1．事实是，光比声音传播得快。 The fact is that light ______ ______ than sound. 2．他通常在周末打篮球。 He usually ______ ______ on weekends. 3．许多人认为牛奶和面包是好的早餐搭配。 Many people think milk ______ ______ ______ bread for breakfast. 4．看！他们正在公园里种树。 Look! They ______ ______ trees in the park. 5．听！鸟儿正在树上唱歌。 Listen! The birds ______ ______ in the tree. 6．——你妈妈在做什么？——她正在厨房做饭。 —What ______ your mother ______? —She ______ ______ in the kitchen. 7．我们班正在为艺术节做准备。 Our class ______ ______ ______ the art festival. 8．小明每天骑自行车上学，但现在他正在步行。 Xiaoming ______ ______ ______ to school every day, but now he ______ ______. 能力提升练习 一、语法选择 A 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Bees are small insects, but they __1__ very important in our lives. They are not just a part of nature, but also our good __2__. They help plants make fruits and seeds. Bees can __3__ the flowers balanced. We can’t live __4__ bees. Bees can also make our lives sweet. We get __5__ things from them, such as honey and wax. For example, we can use honey __6__ bread for breakfast. What’s more, bees can make __7__ world beautiful. We can enjoy the beauty of different bees in gardens or in the wild. Some bees __8__ colourful stripes on their bodies. However, we are causing problems for bees. It’s time for us __9__ bees. We can plant more flowers to provide them __10__ better living environment. 1．A．is  B．are  C．am  D．be 2．A．parent  B．parents  C．friend  D．friends 3．A．keep  B．keeping  C．kept  D．to keep 4．A．at  B．with  C．without  D．for 5．A．many  B．much  C．little  D．few 6．A．because  B．but  C．so  D．and 7．A．we  B．us  C．our  D．ours 8．A．has  B．have  C．shoot  D．shoots 9．A．protect  B．to protect  C．save  D．to save 10．A．a  B．an  C．/  D．the B 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Today is the School Art Festival. This is not my __1__ time to join it. I also went last year. I arrive at the hall early in the morning. In the hall, I visit the picture show. I tell __2__ my ideas about the paintings. Then they __3__ me some questions. They want to know __4__ to draw well. And I give them the answers. Practising every day __5__ the best way. We talk about art __6__. We have a great time there. I enjoy some music from the radio and listen __7__ beautiful songs. I also meet some great __8__ there. They play the piano. I get __9__ big surprise when I hear their music. My teachers are very kind to me. I’d like __10__ the festival again next year. 1．A．second  B．two  C．first  D．one 2．A．they  B．them  C．their  D．theirs 3．A．ask  B．are asking  C．will ask  D．asked 4．A．how  B．what  C．when  D．why 5．A．are  B．is  C．be  D．am 6．A．sad  B．sadly  C．happy  D．happily 7．A．in  B．at  C．to  D．on 8．A．scientist  B．scientists  C．artist  D．artists 9．A．a  B．an  C．the  D．/ 10．A．visit  B．to visit  C．visiting  D．to visiting 二、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pandas are lovely animals. They __1__ (live) in the forests of China. A panda __2__ (eat) bamboo for about 12 hours a day. Look! A panda __3__ (climb) a tree now. It __4__ (be) very good at climbing. Pandas __5__ (like) to play in the morning. Sometimes they __6__ (roll) on the grass. The mother panda always __7__ (take) care of her baby. She __8__ (love) her baby very much. We __9__ (need) to protect pandas because they are in danger. If we plant more bamboo, they __10__ (have) enough food. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is Sunday morning. I __1__ (be) in the school garden now. I __2__ (walk) with my classmates. Look! Lily __3__ (draw) a picture of the flowers. Tom and Jim __4__ (clean) the benches. They __5__ (work) hard. Our teacher Miss Chen __6__ (tell) us a story about plants. We __7__ (listen) carefully. Some birds __8__ (sing) in the tree. The garden __9__ (look) beautiful today. We __10__ (enjoy) our time here. 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据内容选择最佳答案。 Why do we have four seasons? How do they change? And what makes the trees turn green or yellow? Scientists tell us that the earth’s tilt (倾斜) and its move around the sun are the main reasons. When the part where we live leans (倾斜) to the sun, it gets more sunlight and becomes warm. That is summer. When it leans away, it gets less sunlight and becomes cold. That is winter. When the season changes, it often brings a change in nature. In spring, the weather becomes warm and plants start to grow. In autumn, the air becomes cool and leaves turn yellow. The move of the earth makes the four seasons. In a word, the cycle of the earth is what we call seasons. It can also tell us a lot about what the weather will be like. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers.  B．By telling a story.  C．By asking questions. 2．According to Paragraph 2, which picture best tells the reason for summer? A．Earth leans to the sun → warm → summer B．Earth leans away → cold → summer C．Earth stops moving → summer 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The earth’s move makes the seasons. B．Winter comes when we lean to the sun. C．Plants start to grow in autumn. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage? A．Science.  B．Life.  C．Weather report. 四、任务型阅读 A 阅读短文，根据要求填空或作答。 Li Hua is a 12-year-old student from a middle school in Chengdu. He loves nature. Every weekend, he goes to the park near his home. He picks up rubbish and puts it into different bins. “It is small work, but it helps the earth,” he says. Li Hua also has a small garden on his balcony. He grows tomatoes and flowers there. He waters them every morning. His neighbours see this and start to grow plants too. To prepare for the School Green Week, Li Hua makes posters. He writes, “Save water, save energy.” He puts them in the classroom. Many students join his team. They turn off lights when leaving and use both sides of paper. Li Hua hopes to plant more trees in his city next spring. He believes everyone can do something for the earth. 1．How old is Li Hua? 2．Where does Li Hua pick up rubbish every weekend? 3．Does Li Hua grow plants on his balcony? 4．What does Li Hua write on his posters? 5．Do you do anything for the earth? Why or why not? B 根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息，每空不超过 3 个词。 Good study habits help us learn better. We should choose different ways because of our own needs and pay attention to our health. On school days, the morning is fresh and quiet. It’s perfect for reading and memorizing (记忆) English words. We can enjoy the silent time and get a lot of knowledge to keep up with lessons. But remember to sit straight and protect our eyes from the books. When it’s noisy at home, doing homework alone in the library is a great choice. The library is quiet and books can help us quickly. However, we shouldn’t use phones near the books and always check the time before going home. If it rains, we can do indoor reading instead. We can read storybooks, draw mind maps at home, or listen to English tapes in our rooms. Don’t forget to rest our eyes quickly after reading if you don’t want to get near-sighted (近视). When we have tests, there are many ways to get ready. We can make plans, have group talks or go over (复习) on the paper. But we should sleep early and be careful on the busy day to avoid (避免) feeling tired. All in all, habits decide what we can learn. By choosing the right ways for different times and being careful, we can stay healthy and get good grades. How Habits 1Our Study On school days Ways: reading and memorizing English words Reason: To 2knowledge through silent time. Safety tips: sit straight and protect eyes from books. When it’s noisy Ways: doing homework alone in the library Reason: To make books 3quickly. Safety tips: don’t use phones and check time before going home. On 4days Ways: reading storybooks, drawing mind maps or listening to tapes 5doing outdoor sports Safety tips: Rest eyes quickly after reading. When we have tests Ways: making plans, group talks, going over on paper Safety tips: Sleep early and be careful on the busy day. 参考答案 基础巩固练习 一、单项选择 1．B（客观真理，主语 sun 三单，用 rises） 2．B（every morning 标志一般现在时，father 三单 goes） 3．C（Look! 标志现在进行时，children 复数 are flying） 4．B（Listen! 标志现在进行时，someone 单数 is playing） 5．B（the number of + 复数名词，谓语用单数 is） 6．C（often 一般现在时 watches；now 现在进行时 is reading） 7．B（Be quiet! 暗示此刻正在睡 is sleeping） 8．B（Where is Lisa? 暗示此刻正在擦 is cleaning） 9．B（客观真理 boils） 10．B（mother 三单 cooks；this morning 但语境“今天早上她正在吃”用现在进行时强调当下动作 is eating，或表常态可用 eats，但选项 B 更符合同类题风格：cooks 表习惯，is eating 表具体此刻） 二、单词拼写 1．likes 2．moves 3．studies 4．washes 5．is running 6．are singing 7．is cooking 8．does 9．are having 10．am writing 三、完成句子 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．travels faster 2．plays basketball 3．goes well with 4．are planting 5．are singing 6．is; doing; is cooking 7．is preparing for 8．rides a bike; is walking 能力提升练习 一、语法选择 A：1．B（bees 复数 are） 2．D（friends 复数） 3．A（can 后动词原形 keep） 4．C（without 没有） 5．A（many + 可数复） 6．D（and 并列） 7．C（our world） 8．B（some bees 复数 have） 9．B（It’s time to do） 10．A（a better environment） B：1．C（first 第一次） 2．B（tell them） 3．D（asked 过去/语境动作） 4．A（how to do） 5．B（Practising 单数 is） 6．D（happily 开心地） 7．C（listen to） 8．D（artists 艺术家） 9．A（a surprise） 10．B（would like to do） 二、语法填空 A：1．live（复数一般现在） 2．eats（a panda 三单） 3．is climbing（Look! 现在进行） 4．is（it 三单） 5．like（复数） 6．roll（they 复数） 7．takes（mother 三单） 8．loves（she 三单） 9．need（we 复数） 10．will have（if 条件句，主句将来时，符合七上 U7 简单将来） B：1．am（I 对应 am） 2．am walking（now 现在进行） 3．is drawing（Look! Lily 三单） 4．are cleaning（Tom and Jim 复数） 5．are working（they 复数） 6．is telling（teacher 三单） 7．are listening（we 复数） 8．are singing（birds 复数） 9．looks（garden 三单） 10．enjoy（we 复数） 三、阅读理解 1．C（连续三个问句） 2．A（倾向太阳→温暖→夏天） 3．A（地球运动产生季节） 4．A（科普类 Science） 四、任务型阅读 A： 1．12 (years old). / He is 12. 2．In the park near his home. 3．Yes, he does. 4．“Save water, save energy.” 5．Yes. I turn off lights to save energy.（开放，符合词数即可） B： 1．Help / Affect 2．get / learn 3．help us 4．rainy 5．instead of $