Unit2语法(实义动词的一般现在时)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年译林版英语七年级上册暑假衔接

Unit2 Hobbies语法讲解与练习 一般现在时（实义动词）完整精讲 英语一般现在时分两类： 1. be动词型：am /is /are（表“是、在”，无实际动作） 2. 实义动词型：有真实动作含义（look, play, like, swim, live, have 等） ✅ 本章节核心：实义动词一般现在时，有人称三单变化 一、一般现在时（实义动词）核心用法 用于描述经常性、习惯性动作、客观事实、个人爱好、固定状态（完全贴合Unit1自我介绍、爱好、日常介绍主题）。 时间标志词（看到直接用一般现在时）： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day, every week, on Sundays 等 二、最核心考点：三单变化规则（必考） 实义动词最大难点:主语是第三人称单数,动词要变形；其余所有人称,动词用原形。 1. 哪些是「三单主语」？ *单数人称代词:he / she / it *单个人名：Tom, Millie, my father, the girl *单数物品、不可数名词：the book, water, the news ✅ 非三单：I / you / we / they /复数人名/复数名词→动词原形 2. 动词三单变形口诀+规则（必背） 口诀：一般直接加s，s/x/ch/sh/o加es，辅音+y变ies 普通动词：*直接 + s play → plays, like → likes, swim → swims *以 s / x / ch / sh / o 结尾：+ es watch → watches, wash → washes, go → goes, do → does *辅音字母+ y结尾：变y为i + ies study → studies, fly → flies 元音字母+ y结尾：直接+ s play → plays, stay → stays 特殊不规则变化（超高频考点） have → has 三、三大句式完整结构（仅限实义动词） 重点：实义动词句,否定、疑问必须加助动词 do/does,绝对不能出现am/is/are （一）肯定句 公式： 1. 非三单主语+动词原形+其他 2. 三单主语+动词三单形式+其他 单元精准例句（Unit1 话题：爱好、运动、介绍） 1. I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。 2. We play football after school. 我们放学后踢足球。 3. They look strong. 他们看起来很强壮。 4. He likes playing basketball. 他喜欢打篮球。（三单变形） 5. My father watches sports games every day. 我爸爸每天看体育比赛。 6. The boy has a new football. 这个男孩有一个新足球。（特殊变形has） （二）否定句 公式： 1. 非三单：主语 + don’t +动词原形+其他 2. 三单：主语 + doesn’t +动词原形+其他 ⚠️ 超级重点易错点：加了doesn’t，后面动词必须变回原形，不能带s/es！ 1. I don’t like running. 我不喜欢跑步。 2. They don’t play tennis. 他们不打网球。 3. He doesn’t like swimming. 他不喜欢游泳。（likes→like） 4. My mother doesn’t watch ball games. 我妈妈不看球赛。（watches→watch） 5. The girl doesn’t have a bike. 这个女孩没有自行车。（has→have） （三）一般疑问句（Yes/No 回答） 公式： 1. 非三单：Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 2. 三单：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ ⚠️ 问句用Does，后面动词一律变回原形 详细例句+标准回答 1. —Do you like sports? 你喜欢运动吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 2. —Do they play basketball well? 他们篮球打得好吗 —Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. 3. —Does he like swimming? 他喜欢游泳吗？ —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 4. —Does your father watch TV every night? 你爸爸每晚看电视吗？ —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 四、特殊疑问句（高频考点） 公式：特殊疑问词 + do/does +主语+动词原形？ 单元高频问句： 1. What do you like doing? 你喜欢做什么？ 2. What does he do after school? 他放学后做什么？ 3. Where do they live? 他们住在哪里？ 五、实义动词VS be动词 终极辨析 1. 句中有动作动词（like/play/have/live）→ 用do/does 否定、疑问,不用be动词 ❌ 错误：He is like swimming. ✅ 正确：He likes swimming. 2. 句中无动作，只表状态/身份 →用 am/is/are ✅ He is good at swimming.（good是形容词，用be） 【巩固练习】 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给实义动词的适当形式填空，统一使用一般现在时。 1. My cousin often ________ (share) his storybooks with his classmates. 2. The girl ________ (not watch) TV on school nights. 3. ________ your father usually ________ (drive) to work every morning? 4. Everyone in our class ________ (like) playing ball games after school. 5. These students ________ (practise) English speaking for half an hour every day. 6. The little boy never ________ (tell) lies to his parents. 7. Does your sister ________ (enjoy) listening to pop music? 8. My grandparents ________ (walk) in the park every weekend. 9. A good student always ________ (finish) homework on time. 10. The teacher ________ (teach) us new knowledge patiently every day. 11. Most children ________ (love) playing computer games in their free time. 12. The cat ________ (catch) mice at night every day. 13. We seldom ________ (eat) fast food because it is unhealthy. 14. Who ________ (help) you with your Maths homework every evening? 15. The shop ________ (open) at eight o'clock every morning. 16. My brother ________ (not play) football on rainy days. 17. All my friends ________ (study) hard for their lessons. 18. The bird ________ (sing) beautifully every early morning. 19. Do you often ________ (borrow) books from the school library? 20. The writer ________ (write) short stories for kids every month. 21. Nobody ________ (know) the answer to this difficult question. 22. My mother ________ (cook) delicious meals for our family every day. 23. They usually ________ (visit) their grandparents twice a month. 24. The dog ________ (follow) its master everywhere it goes. 25. We ________ (not take) a bus to school every day. 26. Every student ________ (follow) the school rules strictly. 27. How often ________ she ________ (clean) her bedroom? 28. The workers ________ (work) eight hours every weekday. 29. He ________ (keep) a diary to record his daily life. 30. Many people ________ (travel) to different cities every year. 二、单项选择 1. My uncle ________ swimming every summer. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 2. —Does Millie ________ dancing? —Yes, she does. She dances very well. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 3. The students ________ lunch at school every day. A. doesn't have B. don't have C. not have D. have not 4. Who ________ your English lessons for you? A. teach B. teaches C. teaching D. taught 5. Tom ________ late for class, he is a good student. A. never come B. comes never C. never comes D. always come 6. ________ your parents watch TV every evening? A. Does B. Do C. Are D. Is 7. The library ________ from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day. A. open B. opens C. opening D. opened 8. No one ________ to do boring homework all day. A. want B. wants C. wanted D. wanting 9. We ________ computer games on weekdays. A. don't play B. doesn't play C. not play D. play not 10. My sister often ________ pictures in her free time. A. draw B. draws C. drew D. drawing 11.—How often ________ he ________ sports? —Every day. A. do; do B. does; do C. do; does D. does; does 12.All the teachers in our school ________ kindly to students. A. treat B. treats C. treating D. treated 13.Simon ________ his homework before dinner every day. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. finishing 14.________ Lucy and Lily ________ walking after supper? A. Does; like B. Do; like C. Are; like D. Is; like 15.The little child ________ how to speak English well. A. don't know B. doesn't know C. not know D. know not 16.People in the small town ________ very simple lives. A. live B. lives C. lived D. living 17.My father ________ newspapers every morning instead of looking at phones. A. read B. reads C. reading D. readed 18.Nobody ________ late for the morning meeting in our class. A. be B. is C. do D. does 19.We usually ________ our best to help others in need. A. try B. tries C. tried D. trying 20.The bird ________ to the south every winter. A. fly B. flies C. flew D. flying 三、句型转换 按要求改写句子，每空一词，仅限一般现在时句式转换。 1. He plays basketball every weekend.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ basketball every weekend. 2. They walk to school every day.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ they ________ to school every day? —Yes, ________ ________. 3. My mother cooks dinner for us.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —________ your mother ________ dinner for you? —No, ________ ________. 4. Millie reads English books every morning.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ Millie ________ every morning? 5. We visit our uncle once a month.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ do you visit your uncle? 6. The cat catches mice at night.（改为否定句） The cat ________ ________ mice at night. 7. Simon does his homework after school.（改为一般疑问句） ________ Simon ________ his homework after school? 8. Many students like playing sports.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ many students like ? 9. She practises the piano every evening.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she ________ every evening? 10. They go to the park on Sundays.（改为否定句） They ________ ________ to the park on Sundays. 11. My brother watches TV every night.（改为一般疑问句） ________ your brother ________ TV every night? 12. He helps his classmates with study.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he ________? 13. We study hard at school every day.（改为否定句） We ________ ________ hard at school every day. 14. The shop opens at 8:00 a.m.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the shop ________ every morning? 15. Kitty enjoys listening to music.（改为否定句） Kitty ________ ________ listening to music. 四、汉英翻译 1. 我的爷爷每天早上在公园里锻炼。 ____________________________________________ 2. 这个女孩从不迟到，她总是遵守校规。 ____________________________________________ 3. 你多久和你的朋友进行一次户外运动？ ____________________________________________ 4. 大多数学生放学后不玩电脑游戏。 ____________________________________________ 5. 他擅长英语，每天坚持阅读英文文章。 ____________________________________________ 6. 谁每天帮助你打扫教室？ ____________________________________________ 7. 我们每周看望祖父母两次。 ____________________________________________ 8. 这家书店每天上午九点开门。 ____________________________________________ 9. 所有老师都认真对待自己的工作。 ____________________________________________ 10. 她经常和同学们分享她的学习方法。 ____________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. shares 2. doesn't watch 3. Does; drive 4. likes 5. practise 6. tells 7. enjoy 8. walk 9. finishes 10. teaches 11. love 12. catches 13. eat 14. helps 15. opens 16. doesn't play 17. study 18. sings 19. borrow 20. writes 21. knows 22. cooks 23. visit 24. follows 25. don't take 26. follows 27. does; clean 28. work 29. keeps 30. travel 二、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.B 三、句型转换 1. doesn't play 2. Do; walk; they do 3. Does; cook; she doesn't 4. What does; do 5. How often 6. doesn't catch 7. Does; do 8. What do 9. What does; do 10. don't go 11. Does; watch 12. What does; do 13. don't study 14. When does; open 15. doesn't enjoy 四、汉英翻译 1. My grandfather exercises in the park every morning. 2. The girl is never late and she always follows the school rules. 3. How often do you do outdoor sports with your friends? 4. Most students don't play computer games after school. 5. He is good at English and keeps reading English articles every day. 6. Who helps you clean the classroom every day? 7. We visit our grandparents twice a week. 8. This bookshop opens at nine o'clock every morning. 9. All teachers take their work seriously. 10. She often shares her study methods with her classmates. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $