Unit 5 Music Discovering Useful Structures 练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过基础、能力提升、拓展培优三级分层，构建从词汇拼写、语法应用到语篇理解的知识巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础练|核心词汇拼写、非谓语动词语法填空|8题单词拼写（如phenomenon）+10题语法填空（如过去分词作定语），聚焦单一知识点巩固| |能力提升练|应用文佳句写作|5题单句写作（如“aim to reflect”句型），衔接基础语法与情境表达| |拓展培优练|科普语篇阅读、语法填空|4题阅读理解（黄酮醇研究）+10题语法填空（美国流行音乐），综合考查信息获取与语言运用|

2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语校本作业 ⭐⭐⭐Where there is a will, there is a way. PART 3 Discovering Useful Structures 【基础练】 1、 单词拼写(共8小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分20分) 1．The vivid picture describes a very common ________(现象) in our society. 2．We have invited fifty people ________(总共)． 3．You should encourage your children to make use of the ________(机会) to join sports teams. 4．The children's ________(演出) gave the elders a lot of pleasure last week. 5．He is likely to build a ________(工作室) of his own with the help of his friends. 6．I do hope that ________(普通的) people can live a rich and happy life. 7．He has broken the world record，________(因此) winning his first gold medal. 8．The girl performing on the ________(舞台) has a gift for dance. 二．单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 1. Caffeine, a chemical typically (find) in coffee, has caused a lot of concern. 2． (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room. 3．When first (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success. 4． (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it. 5． (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine. 6． (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad. 7．The new technology, if (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output. 8． (consider) as a building material, wood is not very strong. 9． (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price. 10． (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn't like to talk about it to his parents. 【能力提升练】 三. 单句写作 1.（应用文佳句）史密斯先生很可能向以前的志愿者询问了关于志愿工作的情况。(previous) It is most likely that Mr Smith asked _________________ about voluntary work. 2.（应用文佳句）自从虚拟合唱团成为风靡全球的现象以来，这种艺术形式已经证明了它对许多人的生活产生的积极影响。(influence) Since the virtual choir has become a popular phenomenon all over the world, this art form __________________________ on the lives of many people. 3.（应用文佳句）作为一个爱书的人，J.K. 罗琳在书店里总是忘记时间，全神贯注地看书。(absorb) As a book lover, J. K. Rowling always lost track of time in the bookstore, ________________________. 4.（应用文佳句）下个月即将出品的电影旨在反映当地文化。(aim) The film to be produced next month ______________________________________. 5.（应用文佳句）如何培养个性鲜明、素质全面的人才是当前教育改革的重要课题。(characteristics) How to cultivate talents ________________________ and all-round qualities has become an important subject for present educational reform. 【拓展培优练】 A Have you ever felt your mouth feel dry and rough after eating dark chocolate or drinking strong tea? This sensation, known as astringency, is caused by plant compounds called flavanols (黄酮醇). While scientists have long known that flavanols are good for the heart and brain, a puzzle remained: very little of these compounds actually enters the bloodstream after digestion. If so little is absorbed, how can they still improve memory and thinking skills? Recently, researchers in Japan proposed a new idea. They suggested that the bitter, astringent taste itself might be the key. Instead of needing to be absorbed into the blood, the taste could act as a direct signal to the brain. Dr. Fujii, who led the study, explained that this specific taste stimulates sensory nerves, sending messages straight to the central nervous system. This process might activate the brain and trigger physical responses throughout the body without the compounds ever needing to leave the digestive tract. To test this theory, scientists conducted experiments on mice. Some mice were given flavanols, while others received only water. The results were clear: the mice that tasted flavanols became more active and explored their environment more eagerly. They also performed better in tasks requiring learning and memory. Further analysis of their brains showed increased levels of important chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine. These substances are crucial for attention, alertness, and managing stress. The study found that the taste of flavanols activated specific brain regions responsible for these functions. Interestingly, the physiological changes observed in the mice resembled those caused by moderate physical exercise. The flavanol taste acted as a mild stressor, waking up the brain and body in a beneficial way. This suggests that even though flavanols are not well-absorbed, their unique taste offers significant health benefits. It challenges the traditional view that nutrients must enter the blood to work, highlighting the powerful connection between what we taste and how our brain functions. This discovery opens new doors for “sensory nutrition”. In the future, food scientists might design foods that not only taste good but also use specific flavors to boost brain power and improve well-being. The next time you enjoy a piece of dark chocolate, remember that its bitter taste might be doing more than just pleasing your palate; it could be giving your brain a helpful workout. 1．What puzzled scientists about flavanols before the new study? A．They were too bitter for most people to enjoy. B．They failed to improve memory in early tests. C．Their low absorption conflicted with their effects. D．They caused damage to the digestive system of mice. 2．How do flavanols likely influence the brain according to Dr. Fujii? A．By entering the bloodstream and traveling to the head. B．By sending signals through taste nerves directly. C．By reducing stress hormones in the stomach area. D．By changing the structure of the spinal cord slowly. 3．What can be inferred about the effect of flavanol taste on the mice? A．It made them feel tired and less willing to move. B．It harmed their ability to learn new tasks quickly. C．It produced benefits similar to doing physical exercise. D．It stopped the production of essential brain chemicals. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Dark chocolate is the best food for high school students. B．Sensory nutrition may lead to smarter food designs. C．Bitter tastes should be removed from all future foods. D．Physical exercise is no longer needed for brain health. 本文介绍了美国流行音乐在全球的受欢迎程度及其三大起源：乡村音乐、蓝调音乐和摇滚音乐，最后指出音乐带来的享受是普世的。 语法填空 American popular music is played all over the world. People of all ages in all countries enjoy 5 (listen) to it. The reasons 6   its popularity are the music’s fast pace and rhythmic beat. The United States 7 (witness) many origins of popular music so far. Country music coming 8 the rural areas in the Southern United States is one source. Many people appreciate this music because of the emotions 9 (express) by country music songs. A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It described mostly sad feelings 10 (reflect) the difficult lives of Black Americans. It is usually played and sung by black 11 (musician), but it is popular with all Americans. Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style was known as rock and roll in the 1950s, since 12 there have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock, disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are young 13 (ambition) musicians. People hear these songs sung in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages. The words may differ, but the enjoyment of the music is 14 (benefit) and universal. 辨析：The reason for + 名词/动名词 结构：The reason for (doing) sth. is... 例句：The reason for his absence is illness. 特点：后面直接跟名词短语。 The reason why + 完整句子 结构：The reason why (句子) is... 例句：The reason why he was absent is that he was ill. 特点：后面跟一个完整的句子（有主语、有谓语） PART3 Discovering Useful Structures 单词拼写 1.phenomenon　2.altogether　3.opportunity 4．performances　5.studio　6.ordinary　7.thus 8．Stage 单句语法填空 1. found 2. Designed 3. introduced 4. Surrounded 5. Given 6. Filled 7. applied 8. Considered 9. Located 10. Disappointed III. 单句写作 1. previous volunteers 2. has proved to be a positive influence 3. deeply absorbed in books 4. aims to reflect the local culture 5. with striking characteristics [CBCB] 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍黄酮醇通过味觉刺激大脑发挥益处的新研究发现。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While scientists have long known that flavanols are good for the heart and brain, a puzzle remained: very little of these compounds actually enters the bloodstream after digestion. If so little is absorbed, how can they still improve memory and thinking skills?(尽管科学家们早就知道黄酮醇对心脏和大脑有益，但一个谜团依然存在：这些化合物在消化后几乎没有进入血液。如果吸收量如此之少，它们又如何能改善记忆力和思维能力呢？)”可知，科学家困惑的是黄酮醇吸收率低却能发挥功效，二者相互矛盾。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dr. Fujii, who led the study, explained that this specific taste stimulates sensory nerves, sending messages straight to the central nervous system.(该研究负责人藤井博士解释说，这种独特的味道会刺激感觉神经，将信息直接传递到中枢神经系统)”可知，黄酮醇通过味觉神经直接向大脑发送信号产生影响。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Interestingly, the physiological changes observed in the mice resembled those caused by moderate physical exercise.(有趣的是，在小鼠身上观察到的生理变化，与适度体育运动所引发的变化相似)”可知，黄酮醇的味道给小鼠带来的益处和体育锻炼类似。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“This discovery opens new doors for “sensory nutrition”. In the future, food scientists might design foods that not only taste good but also use specific flavors to boost brain power and improve well-being.(这一发现为“感官营养”打开了新大门。未来，食品科学家可能会设计出不仅口感好，还能利用特定风味提升脑力、改善健康的食品)”可知，本段主要介绍感官营养可能催生更智能的食品设计。故选B项。 5．listening 6．for 7．has witnessed 8．from 9．expressed 10．reflecting 11．musicians 12．when 13．ambitious 14．beneficial 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国流行音乐的历史。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：各个国家、各个年龄段的人都喜欢听它。enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事，享受做某事的乐趣”。故填listening。 6．考查介词。句意：它受欢迎的原因在于其音乐节奏明快且富有韵律感。reason后面通常跟介词for，表示“……的原因”。故填for。 7．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，美国已经见证了众多流行音乐的起源。根据句子中的so far可知，这里应该用现在完成时，主语为The United States，助动词用has。故填has witnessed。 8．考查介词。句意：来自美国南部农村地区的乡村音乐就是其中的一个来源。固定搭配come from，表示“来自”。故填from。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人喜欢这种音乐，是因为乡村音乐歌曲所表达的情感。此处emotions与express为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填expressed。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它主要描绘了令人悲伤的情景，反映了美国黑人艰难的生活状况。此处reflect与feelings构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填reflecting。 11．考查名词的数。句意：这种音乐通常由黑人音乐家演奏和演唱，但深受所有美国人的喜爱。此处数量大于一，应名词复数形式。故填musicians。 12．考查定语从句。句意：这种音乐风格在 20 世纪 50 年代被称为摇滚乐，从那以后，摇滚乐衍生出了许多形式，包括硬摇滚、软摇滚、朋克摇滚、迪斯科音乐等。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the 1950s，在从句作时间状语。故填when。 13．考查形容词。句意：许多流行摇滚乐的演奏者都是年轻有抱负的音乐人。修饰名词musicians用形容词ambitious。故填ambitious。 14．考查形容词。句意：这些歌词或许各不相同，但音乐所带来的愉悦感受却是有益且共通的。作表语，用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。 高一年级英语必修2 Unit5校本作业 第1页·(共 25 页) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $