Unit 2 Natural disasters-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第三册（译林版）

Unit 2 Natural disasters 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： county injure disaster at large;reaction crash;signal exit orderly stair roll confirm safe and sound hug procedure tsunami odd; bubble occur keep one's head relief typhoon destructive 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 injure 释义：vt伤害，使受伤：损害 /'md33(r)/ 词汇变形：injy(n.伤害)：injured(ad.受伤的) 搭配：injure one'sleg/am;get injured in an accident;injure one's reputation(损害名誉) 易混辨析：injure常指意外事故中受伤（如骨折、挫伤）；hurt可指 身体或情感伤害；wond特指刀枪等造成的创伤 例句：He injured his leg in a car accident. 他在车祸中腿部受伤。 The scandal injured his reputation. 丑闻损害了他的名誉。 2 disaster 释义：n.灾难，灾害：彻底失败 /dr'za:sta(r)/ 词汇变形：disastrous(ad.灾难性的) 搭配：natural disaster自然灾害；disaster area灾区；a complete disaster彻底的失败；disaster strikes灾难降临 易混辨析：disaster强调破坏性大；catastrophe语气更强；mishap小 事故 例句：The earthquake was a terrible disaster:. 地震是一场可怕的灾难。 The party was a complete disaster. 派对彻底搞砸了。 reaction 释义：n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 /ri'aek [n/ 词汇变形：react(~.反应)；reactive(ad山.反应的) 搭配：reaction to sth.对…的反应；chain reaction连锁反应； allergic reaction过敏反应；in reaction to作为对…的回应 辨析：reaction强调回应；response更正式；reply指答复 例句：What was his reaction to the news? 他对这个消息的反应是什么？ The chemical reaction produced heat. 化学反应产生了热量。 crash 释义：n.碰撞声；碰撞；崩溃.&t.碰撞，撞击：崩溃 /kraef/ 词汇变形：crashed(过去式)；crashing(现在分词) 搭配：car/plane crash车祸/空难；crash into撞上；computer crash 电脑死机：crash landing迫降；a crash diet快速减肥 辨析：crash强调碰撞或崩溃；collide指猛烈相撞；smash打碎 例句：The plane cra.shed into a mountain. 飞机坠毁在山中。 My computer crashed and I lost my work. 我的电脑崩溃了，我失去了工作。 signal 释义：m.&t发信号，示意：标志n.信号，暗号：标志：信号灯 /'signal/ 词汇变形：signaler(n.发信号者，美式拼写) 搭配：signal to sb.向某人示意；signal that...表明；女afic signal交通信号；signal for help求救信号：a clear signal明确的信号 辨析：signal指传递信息的信号；sign指符号或迹象：symbol象征 例句：He signaled the waiter to bring the bill. 他示意服务员拿账单来。 The red light is a signal to stop. 红灯是停止的信号。 6 exit 释义：vt.&i.出去，离去，退场：退出n.出口，通道；离开 /'eksit,'egzit/ 词汇变形：exit(第三人称单数exits;过去式exited) 搭配：exit from从…退出；emergency exit紧急出口；exit strategy退出策略；make an exit退场；exit the building离开大楼 辨析：exit强调退出；leave泛指离开；depart正式离开 例句：Please exit the building through the main door:. 请通过正门离开大楼。 They made a quick exit after the show 演出后他们迅速退场。 orderly 释义：ad山.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 /'>deli/ 词汇变形：order(n..顺序；命令)；orderliness(n.有序) 搭配：in an orderly manner有条不紊地；orderly queue有序队列； keep sth.orderly保持某物整齐；an orderly crowd有秩序的人群 辨析：orderly强调井然有序；tidy侧重整洁：neat干净整洁 例句：The crowd moved in an orderly manner. 人群有序移动。 She keeps her desk orderly. 她保持桌子整洁。 confirm 释义：t.证实，确认；使确信：批准 /kan'f3:m/ 词汇变形：confirmation(n.确认)；confirmed(ad.确认的：根深蒂 固的) 搭配：confirm that...证实；confirm sth.确认某事；confirm a reservation确认预订；confirm one's suspicion证实某人的怀疑 辨析：confirm强调证实；prove强调证明；verify强调核实 例句：Please confirm your reservation by email. 请通过电子邮件确认预订。 The experiment confirmed his theory. 实验证实了他的理论。 hug 释义：vt.拥抱，搂抱，抱紧n.拥抱 /hAg/ 词汇变形：hugging(动名词)：hugged(过去式) 搭配：give sb.ahug给某人拥抱：hug sb.tightly紧紧拥抱；bear hug熊抱；hug oneself with glee暗自高兴 辨析：hg强调拥抱的动作；embrace更正式 例句：She hugged her mother tightly. 她紧紧拥抱母亲。 He gave her a warm hug. 他给了她一个温暖的拥抱。 10 procedure 释义：n.程序，步骤，手续 /pra'si:d3a(r)/ 词汇变形：procedural(ad.程序上的) 搭配：procedure for…的步骤；follow the procedure遵循程序； standard procedure标准流程；emergency procedure紧急程序 辨析：procedure强调步骤；process强调过程；method强调方法 例句：What is the procedure for applying for a visa? 申请签证的程序是什么？ Follow the safety procedure. 遵循安全程序。 11 odd 释义：ad山.奇怪的，怪异的：偶尔的：不成对的 /od/ 词汇变形：oddly(adw.奇怪地)；oddness(n.奇怪)；odd number奇 数 搭配：odd behavior古怪行为：oddjob零工；odd one out格格不入 的人/物；odds and ends零碎杂物；feel odd感觉不对劲 辨析：odd强调奇怪（略带贬义）；strange泛指奇怪；peculiar独特 古怪 例句：It'sodd that he didn't cal. 他没打电话很奇怪。 He does odd jobs to earn money. 他打零工赚钱。 12 occur 释义：.发生，出现，存在于 A'k3)/ 词汇变形：occurrence(n.发生的事)：occurred(过去式)； occurring(现在分词) 搭配：occur to sb.(想法)被想到；It occurs to sb.that..某人突 然想到…；occur suddenly突然发生；occur in/at发生在… 辨析：occr与happen同义，但更正式；take place指有计划地发 生 例句：When did the accident occur:? 事故什么时候发生的？ It occurred to me that I had seen him before 我突然想起以前见过他。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空 1.The earthquake caused great damage,and many people were badly (injure)in the disaster. 2.The new policy met with strong (react)from the local residents 3.The plane (crash)into a mountain,killing all passengers on board. 4.The police officer (signal)the driver to pull over. 5.After the meeting,all the participants (exit)the hall in an orderly way. 6.The teacher asked the students to keep their desks neat and (orderly) 7.The experiment results (confirm)our hypothesis about the chemical reaction. 8.She gave her crying son a warm (hug)to comfort him 9.The (proceed)for applying for a passport is rather complicated. 10.It struck me as (odd)that he didn't show up at the party 11.A similar accident (occur)in this area last year. 12.The typhoon brought (destroy)winds that flattened many houses. (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共10题） 1.他在车祸中腿部受伤，被紧急送往医院。 He his leg a car accident and was rushed to the hospital. 2.人们对这场自然灾害的反应各不相同。 People's the natural disaster varied greatly. 3.计算机突然崩溃，导致所有文件丢失。 The computer suddenly resulting in the loss of all files. 4.老师示意我们安静下来。 The teacher us to be quiet. 5.请确认您的预订信息，以免出错。 Please your reservation information to avoid mistakes. 6她给了朋友一个温暖的拥抱，然后离开了。 She her friend a warm and then left. 7按照标准程序操作机器是安全的。 It is safe to operate the machine the standard 8我突然想到我忘记锁门了。 比 me that I had forgotten to lock the door. 9.发生火灾时请保持有序撤离。 Please evacuate an manner when a fire breaks out. 10.这种破坏性行为对社区造成了严重影响。 This behavior has had a serious impact on the community. (三)短文填空 Last month,a severe earthquake struck the region,causing great 1 (destroy)to buildings and roads.The local government immediately started the emergency 2 (proceed)to rescue trapped people.Many volunteers rushed to the 3 (disaster)area to help.During the rescue,a young firefighter was 4 (injure)by falling debris.He was sent to a temporary hospital,and doctors 5 (confirm)that his injuries were not life-threatening.His family felt a huge sense of 6 (relief)when they heard the news. The earthquake was so powerful that it even caused a small tsunami,which 7 (occur)several hours later.The government warned residents to stay away from the coast and 8 (signal)the evacuation using sirens.People left their homes in an 9 (order)manner,following the instructions of the police.Later,experts studied the 10 (react)of the earth's crust.They found that the earthquake was 11 (odd)strong for this region.It 12 (occur)to many scientists that more attention should be paid to earthquake prediction.After the disaster,international aid organizations sent supplies.The local people 13 (hug)each other,grateful to be 14 and sound.The experience taught everyone the importance of being prepared for natural 15 (disaster). 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1injured;2.reaction;3.crashed;4.signaled/signalled;5.exited;6.orderly; 7.confirmed;8.hug;9.procedure;10.odd;11.occurred;12.destructive (二)单句表达 1injured,in;2.reaction;to;3.crashed;4.signaled/signalled;to;5.confirm;6.gave, hug;7.following,procedure;8.occurred,to;9.in;orderly;10.destructive (三)短文填空 1.destruction;2.procedure;3.disaster;4.injured;5.confirmed;6.relief;7.occurred; 8.signaled/signalled;9.orderly;10reaction;11.oddly;12.occurred;13.hugged; 14.safe;15.disasters