Unit 1 Attitudes Towards Our Elders-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第三册（冀教版）

Unit 1 Attitudes Towards Our Elders 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： lodge accommodation apartment resident gather staff crash sight justice duty neat plus selfish tighten belt various responsible ordinary occasional flat 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 lodge 释义：n.小屋；小舍v.存放：提出（申诉等)；临时住宿 /od3/ 词汇变形：lodger(n)房客：lodging(n.)寄宿处 搭配：lodge a complaint提出投诉；lodge with sb.寄宿在某人家； lodge an appeal提出上诉；lodge in暂住 易混辨析：lodge强调简易住所；hotel指旅馆：in指小客栈 例句：W形lodged in a small mountain cottage during the trip. 我们在旅行中暂住在一个小山区小屋里。 2 accommodation 释义：n.膳宿，住处；住宿（不可数名词） /a kpma'dei[n/ 词汇变形：accommodate(v)容纳；为…提供住宿； accommodating(adj.)乐于助人的 搭配：provide accommodation提供住宿；student accommodation学 生宿舍；book accommodation预订住宿 易混辨析：accommodation是总称（不可数)，lodging可数常用复 数；flat/apartment指具体公寓 例句：nsufficient accommodation for the increasing number of tourists is a serious problem. 越来越多的游客的住宿不足是一个严重问题。 gather 释义：V.聚集；集合：收集；推测 /'gaeda(r)/ 词汇变形：gathering()聚会；集会 搭配：gather around聚集在，周围；gather information收集信 息；gather one's thoughts集中思绪 易混辨析：collect强调有选择地收集；gather强调把分散的东西集 中 例句：It's time to gather the data for the experiment. 是时候收集实验数据了。 crash 释义：n.撞车；碰撞：崩溃v碰撞；坠毁；破产 /kraef 词汇变形：crashing(adj,)撞击的；破产的 搭配：car crash车祸；crash into撞上；crash program应急计划； stock market crash股市崩盘 易混辨析：crash指猛烈碰撞并损坏；slam指用力关门等；collide指 相撞 例句：The plane crashed into the mountain,,killing all passengers. 飞机坠毁在山中，所有乘客遇难。 sight 释义：n.视野；视力：景象：[pl.]风景v.看见 /saIt/ 词汇变形：sightseeing(m)观光；sightseer(m)观光者 搭配：in sight在视野内；out of sight看不见；catch sight of瞥见； lose sight of看不见；忘记：at first sight乍一看 易混辨析：scene指场景、景象（可包括人）；view指从某处看到的 景色；sight强调视力或看见的事物 例句：We lost sight of the boat in the thick fog. 我们在浓雾中看不见那条船了。 6 justice 释义：n.合理：公平；司法 /'d3AstIs/ 词汇变形：just(adj.)公正的；justify(v.)证明…有理；injustice .)不公平 搭配：do justice to公平对待：充分展现；sense ofjustice正义感； bring to justice绳之以法 易混辨析：fairness更口语化；justice更正式，抽象 例句：It is our duty to bring the criminals to justice.. 将罪犯绳之以法是我们的责任。 duty 释义：n.责任：义务：值班 /djuti/ 词汇变形：dutiful(adj)尽职的；duty-free免税的 搭配：on duty值班；off duty下班；do one's duty尽责任；sense of duty责任感 易混辨析：responsibility强调应负责的事；obligation强调法律或道 义上的义务：dty更强调道德或岗位要求 例句：The guard was on duty all night. 警卫整夜值班。 neat 释义：adj.整洁的：有序的；巧妙的：简洁的 /ni:t/ 词汇变形：neatly(adv)整洁地：neatness(m)整洁 搭配：neat and tidy整洁有序；neat solution巧妙的解决方法 易混辨析：tidy侧重整齐；clean侧重干净：neat兼具整齐和简洁 例句：His handwriting is neat and easy to read. 他的书写整洁易读。 selfish 释义：ad.自私的 /'selfi 词汇变形：selfishly(adv)自私地；selfishness(n)自私；selfless(反 义词)无私的 搭配：selfish behavior自私行为；purely selfish motives纯粹自私的 动机 易混辨析：egoistic更强调自我中心；self-centered强调只考虑自己 例句：It's selfish of you to eat all the cake without sharing. 你不分享就吃掉所有蛋糕，太自私了。 10 tighten 释义：v.(使)变紧；使更严密；加紧 /'taitn/ 词汇变形：ight(adj,)紧的；tightly(adv.)紧紧地；tightening()收 紧 搭配：tighten up加强；tighten one's belt勒紧腰带；tighten security 加强安保 易混辨析：fasten指系牢；tighten指调紧：loosen反义词 例句：We need to tighten the screws to make sure the shelfis safe. 我们需要拧紧螺丝，确保架子安全。 11 various 释义：adj.各种不同的：各种各样的 /'vearias/ 词汇变形：variety(n)多样性；vary(v,)变化；varied(ad)多变的 搭配：for various reasons因各种原因；various types of各种类型的 易混辨析：different强调不同；various强调多种多样且存在差异： diverse强调差异性大 例句：Various solutions were proposed to solve the problem. 提出了各种解决方案来解决这个问题。 12 responsible 释义：ad山j.有责任的：负责的；可靠的 rI'sppnsabl/ 词汇变形：responsibility(n.)责任；responsibly(adv.)负责地； irresponsible(反义词) 搭配：be responsible for对…负责；hold sb.responsible认为某人 该负责；responsible person有责任心的人 易混辨析：accountable强调法律或行政上负有责任；liable强调负 有法律义务：responsible最常用 例句：The driver was responsible for the accident. 司机应对事故负责。 三、专项训练 (一)单句填空（每空一词，共10题） 1.The police are trying to bring the criminal to (just)after he escaped last week. 2.We need to (tight)our cooperation to meet the deadline. 3.As a volunteer,you should be (responsibility)for the safety of the children. 4.The hotel can provide (accommodate)for up to 200 guests 5. (variety)factors contributed to the economic downturn 6.She is always neat and (tidy)in her appearance. 7.The students gathered the teacher to listen to the announcement 8.It is (self)ofhim to take all the credit for the team's work. 9.He lodged a complaint the company about poor service 10.The government is trying to tighten control the spread of the virus. (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共8题） 1那个自私的孩子从不与别人分享玩具。 That child never shares toys with others. 2.作为学生，我们有责任保持教室整洁有序。 As students,we have the to keep the classroom neat and tidy. 3警察正在收集各种证据来破案。 The police are all kinds of evidence to solve the case. 4.发生了一起严重的车祸，导致三人受伤。 There was a serious car leaving three people injured. 5这家旅馆能为我们提供一晚的住宿吗？ Can this hotel provide for one night? 6他瞥见一个小女孩正在过马路，于是减速慢行。 He a little girl crossing the road,so he slowed down. 7我们应该确保所有参与者都受到公平对待。 We should make sure that all participants get 8由于各种原因，他决定辞去这份工作。 He decided to quit the job for reasons. (三)短文填空 Last summer,I worked as a volunteer at a mountain lodge.The lodge was small but clean and 1 (neat).It provided basic 2 (accommodate)for hikers.One day,a heavy storm hit the area.We had to 3 (tight)all the windows and doors to keep the wind out.Then we 4 (gather)all the guests in the main hall.A few guests were worried because they had seen a terrible car 5 (crash)on the road earlier.I tried to calm them down and told them the police were 6_ duty and would handle the situation. Meanwhile,I felt a 7 (responsible)to ensure everyone's safety.During the storm, we discussed 8 (various)plans to keep the guests comfortable.Some suggested playing board games,while others preferred reading.After two hours,the storm passed.I caught 9 (sight)of a rainbow outside,which made everyone happy.Later,the lodge owner praised our work and said we had done 10 (just)to the job.This experience taught me that even a 11 (self)person can learn to care for others when facing common difficulties.In the end,helping others is not only a 12 (dutiful)but also a pleasure 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1justice;2.tighten;3.responsible;4.accommodation;5.Various;6.tidy;7.around; 8.selfish;9.against/with;10.over/on (二)单句表达 1.selfish;2.duty;3.gathering;4.crash;5.accommodation;6.caught sight of;7.justice; 8.various (三)短文填空 1.neat;2.accommodation;3.tighten;4.gathered;5.crash;6.on;7.responsibility; 8.various;9.sight;10.justice;11.selfish;12.duty